JP2023049376A - Woody structure, portal frame member, construction method, and manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a woody structure for saving labor for construction.SOLUTION: A woody structure according to the present disclosure is provided with a portal frame member having a pair of woody columns and a woody beam laterally bridged between the pair of woody columns. The pair of woody columns and woody beams are integrally composed of a single woody base material.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a wooden structure, a portal frame member, a construction method, and a manufacturing method.

It is known to join joints of wooden columns and beams with metal joining members. However, when a wooden column and a beam are joined using metal fittings, the strength of the joint between the column and the beam decreases. For this reason, Patent Literature 1 discloses that a crossing member is cut out from a single plate in accordance with the shape of a joint between a column and a beam, and the crossing member is joined to the column or the beam.

JP-A-11-280149

Since the crossing member described in Patent Document 1 is a member used for the joint between the column and the beam, the joint between the column and the beam needs to be configured in the conventional manner, thus saving labor in the erection work for assembling the column and the beam. difficult to convert.

An object of the present invention is to save labor during erection work.

The present invention for achieving such an object comprises a gate-shaped structural member having a pair of wooden pillars and a wooden beam horizontally spanning between the pair of wooden pillars, wherein the pair of wooden pillars and the wooden beam is a wooden structure characterized by being integrally constructed from a single piece of woody base material.

According to the present invention, it is possible to save labor during erection work.

FIG. 1A is a perspective view of the portal frame member 10. FIG. FIG. 1B is an enlarged view of the connecting portion 13 between the wooden pillar 11 and the wooden beam 12. FIG. 2A and 2B are explanatory diagrams of the structure of the cross laminated board 1. FIG. 3A and 3B are explanatory diagrams of a method for manufacturing the portal frame member 10. FIG. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the construction work. FIG. 5A is an explanatory diagram of the embedded member 15. FIG. FIG. 5B is an explanatory diagram of another embedded member 15. FIG. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a wooden structure 100 in which two gate-shaped structural members 10 are connected in the vertical direction (Z direction). FIG. 7 is an exploded view of the wooden structure 100 shown in FIG. 8A is a cross-sectional view of the wooden column 11. FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view of the adjustment member 20. FIG. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the joint portion 11A using the reinforcing material 30A. FIG. 10 is an exploded view of the wooden structure 100 shown in FIG. FIG. 11A is a cross-sectional view of reinforcing member 30A. FIG. 11B is a cross-sectional view of the wooden column 11 at the position where the reinforcing member 30A is attached. FIG. 11C is a cross-sectional view of adjustment member 20 at a position where reinforcing member 30A is attached. 12A and 12B are explanatory diagrams of a method of joining the reinforcing member 30A. 13A and 13B are explanatory diagrams of a first modified example of the joint 11A between the wooden post 11 and the adjusting member 20. FIG. FIG. 14A is an explanatory diagram of a second modification of the joint 11A between the wooden post 11 and the adjusting member 20. FIG. FIG. 14B is an explanatory diagram of a third modification of the joint portion 11A between the wooden post 11 and the adjusting member 20. FIG. FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a wooden structure 100 in which a plurality of portal frame members 10 are arranged in the girder direction (X direction). FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of a joint portion between the wooden column 11 and the girder member 40. As shown in FIG. FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of a wooden structure 100 in which a plurality of portal structural members 10 are arranged in the inter-beam direction (Y direction). FIG. 18A is an explanatory diagram of the portal frame member 10 of the first modified example. FIG. 18B is an explanatory diagram of the portal frame member 10 of the second modification.

At least the following matters will become clear from the description of the specification and drawings described later.

A gate-shaped structural member having a pair of wooden pillars and a wooden beam horizontally spanning between the pair of wooden pillars, wherein the pair of wooden pillars and the wooden beam are integrally formed by a single wooden base material. A wooden structure characterized by being systematically structured is revealed. With such a wooden structure, it is possible to save labor during erection work.

The wooden-based base material is an orthogonal laminated board in which a first lamina, which is a plate material whose fiber direction is parallel to the wooden column, and a second lamina, which is a plate material whose fiber direction is parallel to the wooden beam, are laminated and arranged. is desirable. As a result, the rigidity of the connecting portion between the column and the beam can be increased.

It is preferable that the wooden pillar and the wooden beam include the second lamina in common. As a result, the connection between the wooden column and the wooden beam is strengthened, and the rigidity of the connecting portion can be further increased.

It is desirable that an embedded member is embedded in the connecting portion between the wooden pillar and the wooden beam. Thereby, the crack of a connection part can be suppressed.

Preferably, the embedded member is inclined with respect to a direction parallel to the wooden beam. As a result, the strength of the connecting portion can be improved.

The wooden base material is an orthogonal laminated board in which a first lamina, which is a plate material whose fiber direction is parallel to the wooden column, and a second lamina, which is a plate material whose fiber direction is parallel to the wooden beam, are laminated and arranged. ,
A hole for inserting the embedded member is preferably provided in the first lamina. Thereby, the strength of the wooden beam can be maintained.

It is preferable that the two gate-shaped frame members are arranged in the vertical direction, and an adjustment member for adjusting the floor height is arranged between the wooden columns of the two gate-shaped frame members. As a result, even if the length of the wooden pillar is restricted by the dimension of the orthogonal laminated board, it is possible to make up for the lack of floor height.

It is desirable that a reinforcing material for reinforcing the wooden pillar is arranged on a side surface of the wooden pillar. This makes it possible to increase the strength of the pillars of the wooden structure.

It is desirable that the two gate-shaped frame members are arranged in a girder direction, and that a girder member is arranged between the wooden columns of the two gate-shaped frame members. This allows the floor material to be placed between the wooden beams of the two portal frame members.

When the girder direction is the X direction and the span direction is the Y direction, the two gate-shaped frame members are arranged at different positions in the Y direction. It is desirable that a girder member is arranged between the wooden pillar on the negative side in the Y direction and the wooden pillar on the positive side in the Y direction of the gate-shaped structural member arranged on the negative side in the Y direction. As a result, a wooden structure that is wide in the inter-beam direction can be configured.

A pair of wooden pillars and a wooden beam horizontally spanning between the pair of wooden pillars, wherein the pair of wooden pillars and the wooden beam are integrally formed of a single piece of wooden base material. A gate-shaped frame member characterized by: According to such a portal frame member, it is possible to save labor during erection work.

A wooden structure that carries out the steps of transporting the above-mentioned gate-shaped structural member to a construction site and making the gate-shaped structural member self-supporting at the construction site so as to support the wooden beam with the pair of wooden columns as both legs. Construction method will be clarified. According to such a construction method, it is possible to save labor during erection work.

a pair of wooden pillars by cutting out a pair of wooden pillars and a wooden beam horizontally spanning between the pair of wooden pillars from one sheet of the wooden pillars; and a step of manufacturing a portal-shaped structural member in which the wooden beam is integrally formed of a single piece of wood-based base material. According to such a manufacturing method, it is possible to manufacture a gate-shaped structural member capable of saving labor during erection work.

===Embodiment===
<Gate type structural member>
FIG. 1A is a perspective view of the portal frame member 10. FIG. FIG. 1B is an enlarged view of the connecting portion 13 between the wooden pillar 11 and the wooden beam 12. FIG.

The portal frame member 10 is a member (frame member) for forming columns and beams of a wooden structure (wooden structure). As will be described later, a wooden structure 100 (described later; see FIGS. 6, 9, 15, and 17) is constructed by combining a plurality of portal frame members 10. FIG. The gate-shaped frame member 10 is composed of a single wooden base material. The wood-based base material means a wood-based base material (original material), and includes, for example, wood such as solid wood and sawn board, laminated wood, plywood, and the like. Note that the wood-based base material may be mainly wood-based, and may not be entirely wood-based. Also good. Here, a cross-laminated board is used as the wood-based base material that constitutes the gate-shaped frame member 10 . By using the cross-laminated board as the wooden base material, the size of the wooden base material can be increased, and the size of the portal frame member 10 can be increased.

2A and 2B are explanatory diagrams of the structure of the cross laminated board 1. FIG. FIG. 2A is an exploded view of the cross laminated board 1. FIG. FIG. 2B is a perspective view of the orthogonal laminated board 1. FIG. Here, a 5-layer 7-ply cross-laminated board 1 will be described.

The cross-laminated board 1 is a wood-based base material in which laminas 3 (sawn board; plate material) are laminated and arranged such that the fiber directions are orthogonal to each other. The cross laminated board 1 is sometimes called CLT (Cross Laminated Timber). The cross-laminated board 1 is constructed by laminating layers in which a plurality of laminas 3 are arranged in the width direction so that the fiber directions are orthogonal to each other. The lamina 3 constituting the cross-laminated board 1 is fixed with an adhesive. The cross-laminated board 1 in the figure is constructed by laminating five layers whose fiber directions are perpendicular to each other. A ply (tier) is formed by arranging a plurality of laminas 3 in the width direction, and the cross-laminated board 1 is formed by laminating a plurality of plies so that the fiber directions are orthogonal to each other. By connecting plies having parallel fiber directions, one layer may be composed of a plurality of (for example, two stages) plies. For example, the cross-laminated board 1 in the figure has an outer layer (outer layer) composed of two plies. In addition, the lamina 3 in the drawing is constructed of one sheet material (cutting board) in the longitudinal direction. However, the lamina 3 may be constructed by splicing together a plurality of plate material pieces in the longitudinal direction. When the lamina 3 is formed by joining plate material pieces in the longitudinal direction, it is desirable to form a ply by arranging a plurality of laminas 3 in the width direction so that the joints are not adjacent in the width direction.

As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the fiber direction of the ply (or lamina 3) forming the outer layer is called the "strong axis direction", and the direction orthogonal to the strong axis direction is called the "weak axis direction". Further, as shown in FIG. 2A, a layer in which the ply fiber direction is parallel to the strong axis direction is called a "parallel layer", and a layer in which the ply fiber direction is perpendicular to the strong axis direction is called a "orthogonal layer". The cross-laminated board 1 is constructed by alternately laminating parallel layers and cross-layers.

A portal frame member 10 shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B is composed of cross laminated boards 1 of 5 layers and 7 plies. However, the cross-laminated board 1 constituting the gate-shaped frame member 10 is not limited to the cross-laminated board 1 of five layers and seven plies, and may be a cross-laminated board of another layer structure. Moreover, the wood-based base material constituting the portal frame member 10 may not be the cross-laminated board 1 .

As shown in FIG. 1A , the portal frame member 10 has a pair of wooden columns 11 and 11 and a wooden beam 12 . The gate-shaped frame member 10 is configured in a gate shape by a pair of wooden columns 11 , 11 and a wooden beam 12 . For this reason, compared to the case of being configured in, for example, a T-shape, an L-shape, or a cross-shape, the gate-shaped frame member 10 supports the wooden beam 12 with the pair of wooden columns 11, 11 as both legs. Since it has a shape that makes it easy to stand on its own (described later; see FIG. 4), it is possible to save labor in erection work. The gate-shaped structural member 10 is composed of one orthogonal laminated board 1 (single orthogonal laminated board 1), and a pair of wooden columns 11, 11 and a wooden beam 12 are integrally formed by the orthogonal laminated board 1. is configured to Therefore, in the present embodiment, the rigidity of the connecting portion 13 between the wooden pillar 11 and the wooden beam 12 can be increased.

In the following description, the lamina 3 parallel to the wooden column 11 is called the first lamina 3A, and the lamina 3 perpendicular to the first lamina 3A (the lamina 3 parallel to the wooden beam 12) is called the second lamina 3B. I may call The first lamina 3A is a lamina 3 whose fiber direction is perpendicular to the direction of the strong axis, and is a lamina 3 forming an orthogonal layer. The second lamina 3B is a lamina 3 whose fiber direction is parallel to the direction of the strong axis, and is a lamina 3 forming a parallel layer. The first lamina 3A is the lamina 3 whose fiber direction is parallel to the wooden pillar 11, and the second lamina 3B is the lamina 3 whose fiber direction is parallel to the wooden beam 12. FIG.

Also, as shown in FIG. 1A, each direction is defined. The direction parallel to the wooden pillar 11 is the Z direction, the direction parallel to the wooden beam 12 is the Y direction, and the direction perpendicular to the Y and Z directions is the X direction. Note that the X direction is sometimes called the column direction. Also, the Y direction is sometimes referred to as the inter-beam direction. Also, the Z direction is sometimes referred to as the vertical direction.

The wooden pillar 11 is a part that constitutes a wooden pillar. The wooden column 11 is composed of the cross-laminated board 1 . For this reason, the wooden column 11 is composed of a plurality of laminas 3 (first lamina 3A, second lamina 3B) that are laminated such that the fiber directions are orthogonal. A pair of wooden pillars 11, 11 are arranged in parallel with a gap therebetween.

The wooden beam 12 is a portion that constitutes a wooden beam. The wooden beam 12 is horizontally spanned between the pair of wooden columns 11 , 11 . The wooden beams 12 are composed of the cross-laminated boards 1 in the same manner as the wooden columns 11 . For this reason, the wooden beam 12, like the wooden column 11, is composed of a plurality of laminas 3 (first lamina 3A, second lamina 3B) that are laminated so that the fiber directions are perpendicular to each other. A wooden column 11 is provided at each end of the wooden beam 12 .

The portal frame member 10 of the present embodiment is composed of a single cross-laminated board 1 formed by laminating a layer composed of the first lamina 3A and a layer composed of the second lamina 3B. there is In the present embodiment, the pair of wooden columns 11 and 11 and the wooden beam 12 are integrally formed by a single orthogonal laminated board 1, so that the wooden column 11 and the wooden beam 12 are integrated without providing a joint. Since the structure is physically connected, the rigidity of the connecting portion 13 (boundary portion between the wooden column 11 and the wooden beam 12) between the wooden column 11 and the wooden beam 12 can be increased.

The gate-shaped structural member 10 is composed of orthogonal laminated boards 1 whose strong axis direction is the direction along the wooden beams 12 . FIG. 1B shows that the fiber direction of the lamina 3 forming the outer layer (the lamina 3 forming the parallel layer; the second lamina 3B) is along the wooden beam 12 . That is, the fiber direction of the second lamina 3B is parallel to the strong axis direction of the orthogonal laminated board 1. As shown in FIG. The fiber direction of the first lamina 3A is orthogonal to the strong axis direction of the orthogonal laminated board 1. As shown in FIG. The strength of the wooden beams 12 can be increased by constructing the gate-shaped structural member 10 with the orthogonal laminated boards 1 whose strong axis direction is along the wooden beams 12 .

In this embodiment, the wooden pillar 11 and the wooden beam 12 include a common second lamina 3B. In FIG. 1B, the second lamina 3B that constitutes the outer layer of the portal frame member 10 constitutes the wooden pillar 11 and the wooden beam 12, and the wooden pillar 11 and the wooden beam 12 include the common second lamina 3B. is shown. However, the common second lamina 3B constituting the wooden pillar 11 and the wooden beam 12 is not limited to the second lamina 3B arranged on the surface of the portal frame member 10. The second lamina 3B (the second lamina 3B constituting the inner layer of the cross-laminated board 1) arranged in the inner layer may also be used. Since the wooden column 11 and the wooden beam 12 are configured to include the common second lamina 3B, the connection between the wooden column 11 and the wooden beam 12 is strengthened, so that the rigidity of the connecting portion 13 can be further increased. can.

3A and 3B are explanatory diagrams of a method for manufacturing the portal frame member 10. FIG.
As shown in the above figure, one cross laminated board 1 is prepared. For example, the dimension in the direction of the strong axis of the orthogonal laminated board 1 is about several meters to ten and several meters, and the dimension in the direction of the weak axis is about several meters.
Next, as shown in the figure below, a gate-shaped structural member 10 is cut out from one sheet of orthogonal laminated board 1 . The wooden column 11 is cut out along the weak axis direction of the orthogonal laminated board 1, and the wooden beam 12 is cut out along the strong axis direction of the orthogonal laminated board 1. The cut-out gate-shaped structural member 10 is configured in a gate shape by a pair of wooden columns 11 and 11 and a wooden beam 12 . By cutting out the gate-shaped structural member 10 from one sheet of orthogonal laminated board 1, a structure in which the wooden columns 11 and the wooden beams 12 are integrally connected without providing joints is obtained. Therefore, the rigidity of the connecting portion 13 between the wooden column 11 and the wooden beam 12 can be increased. In addition, the portal frame member 10 manufactured at the factory can be transported to the construction site by truck or the like, eliminating the need to join the wooden columns 11 and the wooden beams 12 at the construction site, thereby reducing the number of processes at the construction site. can be reduced.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the state during erection work.
As shown in the above figure, the portal frame member 10 is transported to the construction site. As already explained, the portal frame member 10 of this embodiment is configured in a portal shape by a pair of wooden columns 11 and 11 and a wooden beam 12 . For this reason, the gate-shaped frame member 10 has a self-supporting shape so as to support the wooden beam 12 with the pair of wooden columns 11, 11 as both legs. As shown in the figure below, by erecting a pair of wooden pillars 11, 11 at a construction site, the gate-shaped structural member 10 is made self-supporting so as to support the wooden beam 12 using the pair of wooden pillars 11, 11 as both legs. An erection of structure 100 (discussed below) may be performed. In addition, since the gate-shaped frame member 10 of the present embodiment is made of a relatively lightweight wooden base material, the weight of the gate-shaped frame member 10 is reduced compared to when the frame member is made of reinforced concrete or the like. It is In this way, the synergistic effect of the fact that the gate-shaped frame member 10 can stand on its own and the fact that the gate-shaped frame member 10 is lightened makes it possible to construct the wooden structure 100 (described later). For example, it is possible to reduce the size of equipment such as a crane, and to save labor during erection work.

By the way, in the present embodiment, since the gate-shaped frame member 10 is made of a wooden base material and the wooden columns 11 and the wooden beams 12 are rigidly connected, there is a risk that the connecting portions 13 will break. be. Therefore, splitting of the connecting portion 13 may be suppressed by providing an embedding member 15 to be described below.

FIG. 5A is an explanatory diagram of the embedded member 15. FIG.

The embedded member 15 is a member embedded in the connecting portion 13 between the wooden pillar 11 and the wooden beam 12 . The embedded member 15 is a member that reinforces the portal frame member 10 by bearing part of the stress applied to the portal frame member 10 . The embedded member 15 is arranged so as to straddle between the wooden pillar 11 and the wooden beam 12 . That is, one end of the embedded member 15 is arranged on the wooden pillar 11 and the other end of the embedded member 15 is arranged on the wooden beam 12, so that the central portion of the embedded member 15 is located at the boundary between the wooden pillar 11 and the wooden beam 12. are placed in By arranging the embedded member 15 between the wooden pillar 11 and the wooden beam 12 in this way, it is possible to suppress cracks from occurring in the connecting portion 13 between the wooden pillar 11 and the wooden beam 12 (portal frame member 10 can improve the bearing strength of the Therefore, the embedded member 15 functions as a splitting prevention member for the portal frame member 10 . The embedded member 15 is, for example, a rod-shaped member made of metal, and is embedded in the portal frame member 10 . By embedding the metal embedded member 15 inside the portal frame member 10, the wooden appearance of the portal frame member 10 can be maintained.

The embedded member 15 shown in FIG. 5A is arranged parallel to the wooden beam 12 . However, the embedded member 15 does not have to be parallel to the wooden beam 12 as shown below.

FIG. 5B is an explanatory diagram of another embedded member 15. FIG. The embedded member 15 shown in FIG. 5B is arranged diagonally with respect to the wooden beam 12 . A pair of upper and lower embedded members 15 are arranged obliquely in different directions. As a result, the resistance of the connecting portion 13 to the moment force acting between the wooden column 11 and the wooden beam 12 can be improved.

As shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, a hole is provided toward the wooden beam 12 from the side surface of the wooden pillar 11 opposite to the wooden beam 12 . By inserting the rod-shaped embedding member 15 into this hole, the embedding member 15 can be embedded inside the portal frame member 10 . The gap between the inner wall of the hole into which the embedded member 15 is inserted and the embedded member 15 is filled with adhesive, and when the adhesive hardens, the embedded member 15 is integrated with the portal frame member 10 ( As a result, the strength of the wooden pillar 11 and the wood beam 12 can be improved by the adhesion of the adhesive and the strength of the embedded member 15 .

By the way, in so-called Glued in Rod (GIR) joining, a hole is provided in two members to be joined, a rod-shaped member is inserted into the hole, and an adhesive filling a gap around the rod-shaped member is cured. ing. The embedding method of the embedding member 15 shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B is almost the same as the embedding method of the rod-shaped member in GIR joining. However, while the GIR joint is applied to join two members, the embedding member 15 shown in FIG. 5A and FIG. It is different in that it is applied to the connecting portion 13 between

A hole for inserting the embedded member 15 is preferably provided in the first lamina 3A (the lamina 3 parallel to the wooden column 11). As a result, the fibers parallel to the wooden beams 12 are not damaged, so the strength of the wooden beams 12 can be maintained. Also, it is desirable to insert a wooden plug into the hole into which the embedded member 15 is inserted. As a result, the embedded member 15 can be prevented from being exposed, so that the wooden appearance of the portal frame member 10 can be maintained.

<Wood structure (1)>
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a wooden structure 100 in which two gate-shaped structural members 10 are connected in the vertical direction (Z direction). FIG. 7 is an exploded view of the wooden structure 100 shown in FIG. In the construction method of the wooden structure 100, the above-described step of preparing the portal frame member 10 and assembling the wooden structure 100 using the portal frame member 10 are performed. A wooden structure 100 in the figure has two portal frame members 10 and an adjustment member 20 . Here, two gate-shaped frame members 10 are arranged side by side in the vertical direction.

The portal frame member 10 has a pair of wooden pillars 11, 11 and a wooden beam 12, as already explained. As shown in FIG. 6, the gate-shaped structural member 10 constitutes a wooden structure 100 in a state in which the wooden columns 11 are erected in the vertical direction. Since the gate-shaped structural member 10 has a self-supporting shape, it is possible to save labor in erecting the wooden structure 100 .

Since the wooden beams 12 support the floor material 50, when the two gate-shaped frame members 10 are connected vertically, the floor height of the wooden structure 100 is the wooden beam 12 of the upper gate-shaped frame member 10, This is the space between the wooden beams 12 of the gate-shaped frame member 10 on the lower side. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3B, the length of the wooden post 11 is restricted by the dimension in the direction of the weak axis of the orthogonal laminated board 1 (because it is equal to or less than the dimension in the direction of the weak axis of the orthogonal laminated board 1). The floor height may be insufficient only with the length of the wooden pillar 11 of the frame member 10 . Therefore, if the length of the wooden pillars 11 of the gate-shaped frame members 10 alone is insufficient for the floor height, an adjustment member 20 is arranged between the two gate-shaped frame members 10 as shown in FIG. However, if the length of the wooden pillars 11 of the gate-shaped frame members 10 alone provides a sufficient floor height, two gate-shaped frame members 10 can be used without interposing the adjustment member 20 between the two gate-shaped frame members 10 . The wooden columns 11 of the member 10 may be directly joined together.

The adjusting member 20 is a member that adjusts the floor height. The adjusting member 20 is arranged between the wooden post 11 of the upper portal frame member 10 and the wooden post 11 of the lower portal frame member 10 . Thus, the adjusting member 20 can adjust the distance between the wooden beams 12 of the upper gate-shaped frame member 10 and the wooden beams 12 of the lower gate-shaped frame member 10 . By arranging the adjustment members 20 between the vertically arranged gate-shaped frame members 10, even if the length of the wooden pillar 11 is restricted by the dimension of the orthogonal laminated board 1, the insufficient floor height is compensated. can be done. Here, the adjustment member 20 is constructed of an orthogonal laminated board (see FIG. 2B). However, the adjusting member 20 may be made of a wood-based base material other than the cross-laminated board, such as solid wood, laminated wood, laminated wood, or the like.

It should be noted that the adjustment member 20 is desirably made of a wood-based material, like the portal frame member 10 . This makes it possible to maintain the wooden appearance. Also, the adjustment member 20 is desirably composed of an orthogonal laminated board, like the portal frame member 10 . Thereby, the appearance of the wooden structure 100 can be unified.

8A is a cross-sectional view of the wooden column 11. FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view of the adjustment member 20. FIG. At the joint 11A between the wooden post 11 and the adjusting member 20, the end faces are aligned with each other, so that the cross-sectional profile of the wooden post 11 and the adjusting member 20 are substantially the same.

As already explained, the gate-shaped structural member 10 is composed of the orthogonal laminated boards 1 whose strong axis direction is along the wooden beams 12 . As a result, as shown in FIG. 8A, the second lamina 3B whose fiber direction is perpendicular to the wooden pillar 11 is larger than the first lamina 3A whose fiber direction is parallel to the wooden pillar 11 in the cross section of the wooden pillar 11. there are many.
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 8B, the adjusting member 20 is composed of an orthogonal laminated board 1 whose strong axis direction is along the wooden column 11 . As a result, the cross section of the adjusting member 20 has more lamina 3 whose fiber direction is parallel to the wooden column 11 than the cross section of the wooden column 11 . By using such an adjusting member 20, the strength of the pillar of the wooden structure 100 (the pillar composed of the wooden pillar 11 and the adjusting member 20) can be improved.

A joint portion 11A between the wooden column 11 and the adjustment member 20 shown in FIG. 6 is formed by joining with an adhesive. At the construction site of the wooden structure 100, an adhesive (e.g., epoxy resin) is applied to the joint surface (the end face of the wooden column 11 or the end face of the adjusting member 20), and the wooden column 11 and the adjusting member 20 are joined with the adhesive. Become. However, if bonding with an adhesive is insufficient, the bonding portion 11A may be reinforced with a bonding member (described later).

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the wooden structure 100 using the reinforcing material 30A. FIG. 10 is an exploded view of the wooden structure 100 shown in FIG. FIG. 11A is a cross-sectional view of reinforcing member 30A. FIG. 11B is a cross-sectional view of the wooden column 11 at the position where the reinforcing member 30A is attached.

The reinforcing member 30A is a plate-shaped member arranged on the side surface of the wooden column 11 . The reinforcing member 30A is a member that reinforces the strength of the wooden column 11. As shown in FIG. Note that the reinforcing member 30A in the figure also functions as a joint member that joins the joint portion 11A of the wooden column 11 (described later). Here, the reinforcing member 30A is composed of the cross-laminated board 1. As shown in FIG. However, the reinforcing member 30A may be composed of a wood-based base material other than the cross-laminated board such as laminated veneer lumber (LVL).

The reinforcing member 30A is desirably made of a wood-based material, like the portal frame member 10 (and the adjusting member 20). This makes it possible to maintain the wooden appearance. Further, it is desirable that the reinforcing member 30A is made of an orthogonal laminated board, like the portal frame member 10. As shown in FIG. Thereby, the appearance of the wooden structure 100 can be unified.

As shown in FIG. 11A, the reinforcing member 30A is composed of an orthogonal laminated board 1 whose strong axis direction is the direction along the wooden column 11. As shown in FIG. Here, the reinforcing member 30A is composed of three-layered three-ply cross laminated boards 1, and the fiber direction of the lamina 3 constituting the outer layer is parallel to the wooden column 11 (the fiber direction of the lamina 3 constituting the inner layer is parallel to the wooden column 11). The fiber direction is the direction perpendicular to the wooden column 11). As shown in FIG. 11A, many laminas 3 whose fiber direction is parallel to the wooden column 11 are present in the cross section of the reinforcing member 30A. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 11B, many lamina 3 whose fiber direction is parallel to the wooden column 11 can exist. In this way, the strength of the pillar of the wooden structure 100 is improved by arranging the reinforcing member 30A on the side surface of the wooden pillar 11 using the orthogonal laminated board 1 whose strong axis direction is along the wooden pillar 11. be able to.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9 (and FIG. 12), the reinforcing member 30A is arranged so as to straddle the joint portion 11A of the wooden column 11 (here, the joint portion 11A between the wooden column 11 and the adjusting member 20) in the vertical direction. It is Accordingly, the reinforcing member 30A also functions as a joint member that joins the wooden column 11 and the adjusting member 20 (in other words, a joint member that reinforces the joint portion 11A of the wooden column 11). When the upper and lower wooden columns 11 are directly joined together without the adjustment member 20 interposed, the reinforcing member 30A is arranged so as to straddle the joint portion 11A between the wooden columns 11 in the vertical direction. (The joint 11A between the wooden columns 11 may be reinforced). By arranging the reinforcing member 30A so as to straddle the joint portion 11A of the wooden column 11 in this way, the joint portion 11A of the wooden column 11 is reinforced, and a large force (tensile force and shear force) is applied to the joint portion 11A. is allowed.

In addition, the reinforcing member 30A does not have to be arranged so as to straddle the joint portion 11A of the wooden column 11 . Even in such a case, if the reinforcing member 30A is arranged on the side surface of the wooden column 11, the reinforcing member 30A can reinforce the wooden column 11. FIG.

FIG. 11C is a cross-sectional view of adjustment member 20 at a position where reinforcing member 30A is attached. As shown in FIG. 11C, even in the cross section of the adjusting member 20, many lamina 3 whose fiber direction is parallel to the wooden column 11 can be present. In this way, by arranging the reinforcing member 30A on the side surface of the adjusting member 20 using the orthogonal laminated board 1 whose strong axis direction is along the wooden column 11, the column (adjusting member 20) of the wooden structure 100 can improve the strength of

As shown in FIGS. 11B and 11C, the reinforcing member 30A is arranged on the side surface of the wooden column 11 and the adjusting member 20 so as to be stacked in the stacking direction of the orthogonal laminated boards 1 constituting the wooden column 11 and the adjusting member 20. preferably As a result, splitting of the orthogonal laminated board 1 can be suppressed when the reinforcing member 30A is attached to the side surface of the wooden column 11 by bolts, screws (described later), or the like.

As shown in FIG. 9, two reinforcing members 30A are attached to the side surfaces of the column, one above the other. Of the two vertically arranged reinforcing members 30A, the upper reinforcing member 30A is arranged so as to straddle the upper joint portion 11A of the adjusting member 20, and the lower reinforcing member 30A is arranged to straddle the adjusting member 20. is arranged so as to straddle the joint portion 11A on the lower side of the . When two reinforcing members 30A are arranged vertically in this way, it is desirable that the end surfaces of the reinforcing members 30A are butted against each other as shown in FIG. Thereby, the side surface of the pillar can be flattened, and formation of a step on the side surface of the pillar can be suppressed. However, a gap may be formed between the end face of the upper reinforcing member 30A and the end face of the lower reinforcing member 30A.

12A and 12B are explanatory diagrams of a method of joining the reinforcing member 30A.

Here, through bolts 31 and drawing screws 32 are used as connecting members for connecting the reinforcing member 30A and the wooden column 11 (or the adjusting member 20). The through-bolt 31 is inserted into a through-hole extending through the pair of reinforcing members 30A and the wooden column 11 therebetween, and a nut is attached to one end of the through-bolt 31 . A pair of reinforcing members 30A and the wooden column 11 are fastened by the through bolts 31 (and nuts). The drawing screw 32 is a screw that is driven from the surface of the reinforcing member 30A toward the wooden column 11. As shown in FIG. The drawing screws 32 are driven from the respective surfaces of the pair of reinforcing members 30A toward the wooden column 11 (from both sides of the column). By driving the drawing screw 32, the wooden column 11 is pulled toward the reinforcing member 30A, so that the wooden column 11 and the reinforcing member 30A can be fixed without a gap. The method of connecting the reinforcing member 30A and the wooden column 11 (or the adjusting member 20) is not limited to the method using the through bolt 31 or the drawing screw 32. For example, the reinforcing member 30A and the wooden column 11 (or the adjusting member 20) may be adhered with an adhesive. Further, when joining the reinforcing member 30A and the wooden column 11 (or the adjusting member 20) with the through bolt 31 or the drawing screw 32, it is desirable to plug the hole formed in the surface of the reinforcing member 30A with a wooden plug. As a result, the appearance of the wooden system of the portal frame member 10 can be maintained.

As shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B, a drift pin 33 may be embedded between the reinforcing member 30A and the wooden column 11. FIG. The drift pin 33 is a rod-shaped metal fitting that is driven into a through hole penetrating the pair of reinforcing members 30A and the wooden column 11 therebetween. By embedding the drift pin 33 between the reinforcing member 30A and the wooden column 11, the stress can be transmitted between the reinforcing member 30A and the wooden column 11 via the drift pin 33, and the reinforcing member 30A and the wooden column 11 can be connected. bond becomes stronger. It should be noted that the drift pin 33 may not be used if sufficient bonding strength can be obtained with the adhesive. Moreover, when the drift pin 33 is driven, it is desirable to plug the hole formed in the surface of the reinforcing member 30A with a wooden plug. As a result, the appearance of the wooden system of the portal frame member 10 can be maintained.

Note that the joint member used in the joint portion 11A between the wooden column 11 and the adjusting member 20 (or the wooden column 11) is not limited to the reinforcing member 30A. For example, a joining member to be described below may be used.

13A and 13B are explanatory diagrams of a first modified example of the joint 11A between the wooden post 11 and the adjusting member 20. FIG.
In the first modified example, a cotter 30B is provided at the joint portion 11A between the wooden post 11 and the adjustment member 20 (or the wooden post 11; the same applies hereinafter). The cotter 30B is a joint member provided between the wooden column 11 and the adjusting member 20. As shown in FIG. Specifically, the cotter 30B is a member that is inserted into a groove provided in the wooden column 11 and a groove provided in the adjusting member 20 . Here, the cotter 30B is configured by a cylindrical (annular) metal fitting, but may be configured by a member of another shape such as a pin shape. By arranging the cotter 30B between the wooden post 11 and the adjusting member 20, stress (shear stress) can be transmitted between the wooden post 11 and the adjusting member 20 via the cotter 30B. strengthens the bond with

FIG. 14A is an explanatory diagram of a second modification of the joint 11A between the wooden post 11 and the adjusting member 20. FIG.
In the second modified example, the wooden column 11 and the adjustment member 20 are joined by GIR (Glued in Rod). A hole is provided at the end of the wooden column 11 and the end of the adjusting member 20, and the rod-shaped member 30C serving as the connecting member is inserted into this hole to harden the adhesive filling the gap around the rod-shaped member 30C. . By GIR-joining the wooden column 11 and the adjusting member 20, stress (tensile stress) can be transmitted between the wooden column 11 and the adjusting member 20 via the rod-like member 30C, and the wooden column 11 and the adjusting member 20 are connected. becomes stronger.

In addition, as shown in FIGS. 13A and 14A, it is desirable that the metal joint members (cotter 30B and rod member 30C) be embedded in the joint portion 11A of the wooden column 11. FIG. As a result, the appearance of wood can be maintained as compared with the case where the metal joining member is exposed.

FIG. 14B is an explanatory diagram of a third modification of the joint portion 11A between the wooden post 11 and the adjusting member 20. FIG.
In the third modified example, instead of the joining plate (see FIG. 11A) composed of the orthogonal laminated board 1, a joining fitting 30D (metal plate) is used. In this manner, the wooden pillar 11 and the adjustment member 20 may be joined using a metal joining member.

<Wood structure (2)>
FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a wooden structure 100 in which a plurality of portal frame members 10 are arranged in the girder direction (X direction).

A wooden structure 100 in the figure has two portal frame members 10 and a girder member 40 . Here, two gate-shaped frame members 10 are arranged in parallel with a gap in the row direction (X direction). By arranging two gate-shaped frame members 10 with an interval in the girder direction (X direction), it becomes possible to place the floor material 50 between the wooden beams 12 of the two gate-shaped frame members 10 . .

The girder member 40 is a member that spans between the two gate-shaped frame members 10 aligned in the girder direction. A girder member 40 is arranged between the wooden columns 11 on the positive side in the Y direction of the two gate-shaped frame members 10, and another girder member 40 is arranged between the wooden columns 11 on the negative side in the Y direction. there is A girder member 40 is joined to the wooden post 11 to transfer the load to the wooden post 11 . That is, one end of the girder member 40 is joined to the wooden column 11 of one of the two gate-shaped frame members 10, and the other end of the girder member 40 is joined to the two gate-shaped frame members. It is joined to the wooden column 11 of the other gate-shaped frame member 10 of the 10 . Here, the girder member 40 is composed of the cross laminated board 1 . A girder member 40 is composed of the orthogonal laminated boards 1 whose strong axis direction is along the girder member 40 . However, the girder member 40 may be made of a wood-based base material other than the cross-laminated board, such as solid wood, laminated wood, laminated wood, or the like.

It should be noted that the girder member 40 is desirably made of a wood-based material, like the portal frame member 10 . This makes it possible to maintain the wooden appearance. Moreover, it is desirable that the girder members 40 are made of cross-laminated plates, like the portal frame member 10 . Thereby, the appearance of the wooden structure 100 can be unified.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of a joint portion between the wooden column 11 and the girder member 40. As shown in FIG.

A gusset plate 41 is attached to the side surface of the wooden column 11 . The gusset plate 41 is a metal fitting for connecting the wooden column 11 and the beam member 40 . The gusset plate 41 is a plate-shaped member perpendicular to the Y direction and protrudes from the wooden column 11 in the X direction. The gusset plate 41 is formed with through holes for inserting the drift pins 42 .

A groove 40A is provided at the end of the beam member 40 . The groove 40A is a portion (slit) into which the gusset plate 41 is inserted. A hole for inserting a drift pin 42 is formed at the end of the girder member 40 . The gusset plate 41 is inserted into the groove 40A of the girder member 40, the drift pin 42 is inserted through the hole in the side surface of the girder member 40, and the drift pin 42 is inserted into the through hole of the girder member 40 and the gusset plate 41. As a result, the wooden column 11 and the girder member 40 are joined via the gusset plate 41 and the drift pin 42 . Since the gusset plate 41 is inserted into the groove 40A of the girder member 40, the metal gusset plate 41 can be arranged inside the girder member 40 (because the metal gusset plate 41 is not exposed). The appearance of the system can be maintained.

FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of a wooden structure 100 in which a plurality of portal structural members 10 are arranged in the inter-beam direction (Y direction).

Focusing on two gate-shaped frame members 10 with different positions in the inter-beam direction (Y direction), one gate-shaped frame member 10 has a wooden column 11 on the Y-direction plus side, and the other gate-shaped frame member 10 has a Y-direction minus side. A girder member 40 is arranged between the wooden column 11 on the side. For this reason, one end of the girder member 40 is joined to the wooden column 11 on the Y-direction plus side of one of the gate-shaped frame members 10, and the other end of the girder member 40 is connected to the other gate-shaped frame member. It is joined to the wooden column 11 on the Y-direction positive side of the member 10 . Thereby, the wooden structure 100 wide in the inter-beam direction can be constructed.

<Modification>
FIG. 18A is an explanatory diagram of the portal frame member 10 of the first modified example.
In the first modified example, the wooden beam 12 spans between the upper ends of a pair of wooden columns 11 , 11 . As a result, the gate-shaped frame member 10 of the first modified example is configured in an inverted U shape (in contrast, the gate-shaped frame member 10 is configured in an H shape). By arranging the gate-shaped structural member 10 of the first modified example on the top floor of the wooden structure 100 (see FIGS. 6 and 9, for example), the floor height of the top floor can be increased.

FIG. 18B is an explanatory diagram of the portal frame member 10 of the second modification.
In the second modification, the lower surface of the wooden beam 12 is curved to form a curved surface 12A. Thus, the side surface of the wooden beam 12 is not limited to a flat surface, and the wooden beam 12 may be formed with a curved surface 12A. Note that in the second modification shown in FIG. 18B, an arc-shaped curved surface 12A is formed on the lower surface of the wooden beam 12 so that both ends of the wooden beam 12 are thickened and the central portion of the wooden beam 12 is thinned. . Thereby, the strength of the connecting portion 13 between the wooden column 11 and the wooden beam 12 can be improved.

In the first modification and the second modification as well, the gate-shaped frame member 10 is configured in a gate shape by a pair of wooden columns 11 and 11 and a wooden beam 12 . Therefore, the gate-shaped structural member 10 of the first and second modifications also has a shape capable of standing by itself so as to support the wooden beam 12 with the pair of wooden columns 11, 11 as both legs. Also in the first modification and the second modification, the gate-shaped frame member 10 is composed of a relatively lightweight wood-based base material (one cross-laminated board 1). The weight of the portal frame member 10 is reduced as compared with the case where it is configured. In this way, the fact that the gate-shaped frame member 10 can stand on its own and the fact that the gate-shaped frame member 10 is lightened synergistically act to achieve the gates of the first and second modified examples. During erection work of the wooden structure 100 using the mold frame member 10, equipment such as a crane can be downsized, and labor can be saved during the erection work.

=== Other Embodiments ===
As described above, the above-described embodiments are intended to facilitate understanding of the present invention, and are not intended to limit and interpret the present invention. The present invention can be modified and improved without departing from its spirit, and it goes without saying that the present invention includes equivalents thereof.

1 cross-laminated board, 3 lamina,
3A first lamina, 3B second lamina,
10 portal frame member, 11 wooden column, 11A joint,
12 wooden beam, 12A curved surface, 13 connecting part,
15 embedded member, 20 adjustment member,
30A reinforcing material (joining member), 30B cotter (joining member),
30C rod-shaped member (joint member), 30D joint fitting,
31 through bolt, 32 drawing screw, 33 drift pin,
40 girder member, 40A groove,
41 gusset plate, 42 drift pin,
50 flooring, 100 wooden structure

Claims (13)

A gate-shaped structural member having a pair of wooden pillars and a wooden beam horizontally spanning between the pair of wooden pillars,
A wooden structure, wherein a pair of said wooden pillar and said wooden beam are integrally formed by a single piece of wooden base material. A wooden structure according to claim 1,
The wooden-based base material is an orthogonal laminated board in which a first lamina, which is a plate material whose fiber direction is parallel to the wooden column, and a second lamina, which is a plate material whose fiber direction is parallel to the wooden beam, are laminated and arranged. A wooden structure characterized by: A wooden structure according to claim 2,
The wooden structure, wherein the wooden column and the wooden beam include the second lamina in common. A wooden structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A wooden structure, wherein an embedded member is embedded in a connecting portion between the wooden column and the wooden beam. A wooden structure according to claim 4,
The wooden structure, wherein the embedded member is inclined with respect to a direction parallel to the wooden beam. The wooden structure according to claim 4 or 5,
The wooden base material is an orthogonal laminated board in which a first lamina, which is a plate material whose fiber direction is parallel to the wooden column, and a second lamina, which is a plate material whose fiber direction is parallel to the wooden beam, are laminated and arranged. ,
A wooden structure, wherein a hole for inserting the embedded member is provided in the first lamina. A wooden structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
The two gate-shaped structural members are arranged in the vertical direction,
A wooden structure, wherein an adjusting member for adjusting the floor height is arranged between the wooden columns of the two gate-shaped structural members. A wooden structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
A wooden structure, wherein a reinforcing material for reinforcing the wooden pillar is arranged on a side surface of the wooden pillar. A wooden structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
The two gate-shaped structural members are arranged in a girder direction,
A wooden structure, wherein a girder member is arranged between the wooden columns of the two gate-shaped structural members. A wooden structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
When the girder direction is the X direction and the span direction is the Y direction,
The two portal frame members are arranged at different positions in the Y direction,
Between the wooden column on the Y-direction negative side of the gate-shaped frame member arranged on the Y-direction positive side and the wooden column on the Y-direction positive side of the gate-shaped frame member arranged on the Y-direction negative side A wooden structure characterized in that , and girder members are arranged. a pair of wooden pillars;
a wooden beam horizontally spanned between the pair of wooden pillars,
A gate-shaped structural member, wherein the pair of wooden columns and wooden beams are integrally formed of a single piece of wooden base material. a step of transporting the portal frame member according to claim 11 to a construction site;
and a step of making the gate-shaped structural member stand by itself so as to support the wooden beam using the pair of wooden columns as both legs at the construction site. a step of preparing a wood-based base material;
By cutting out a pair of wooden pillars and a wooden beam horizontally spanning between the pair of wooden pillars from one piece of the wooden base material, the pair of the wooden pillars and the wooden beam are formed into one piece of wooden base material. A method for manufacturing a portal-shaped structural member, comprising: a step of producing a portal-shaped structural member integrally constructed of a base material.

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