JP2023049369A - New business simulation program - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a simulation program which predicts transition in amount of emission of greenhouse gas accompanying implementation of a new business simply, but precisely.SOLUTION: A new business simulation program causes a computer to execute: a reception step of receiving input of specification of a category of business that a new business as an object of simulation belongs to and a business plan including a scheduled duration and a business scale of the new business; a readout step of reading related statistic values including statistic values corresponding to the category of belonging business out of a reference table created based upon a written business report that the business operator announces and including statistic values of at least a scope 1 and a score 2 associated with amounts of emission of greenhouse gas by categories of business; and an output step of calculating and outputting transition in amount of emission of greenhouse gas resulting from implementation of the new business based upon the related statistic values and business plan.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 8

Description

The present invention relates to a new business simulation program for evaluating greenhouse gas emissions associated with new businesses.

Companies are demanding sustainable growth. As one of them, it is requested to reduce the amount of greenhouse gas emissions associated with the implementation of the project. Therefore, a business evaluation method for evaluating the impact of a business plan on an electric power system has become known (see Patent Document 1, for example).

JP 2017-97582 A

Against this background, when implementing a new business, it is necessary to thoroughly consider not only its profitability but also the amount of greenhouse gas emissions in advance. However, there are many parameters that affect greenhouse gas emissions, and it has been difficult to calculate the predicted values for each new business. In particular, it is extremely difficult to predict and evaluate changes in emissions during that period when the project is to be continued for a certain period of time.

The present invention has been made to solve such problems, and provides a simulation program for simply and accurately predicting changes in the amount of greenhouse gas emissions associated with the implementation of new businesses. be.

A new business simulation program according to one aspect of the present invention includes a receiving step of receiving a designation of an industry to which a new business to be simulated belongs, an input of a business plan including an expected duration and business scale of the new business; Relevant statistics, including statistics corresponding to the industry to which they belong, from a reference table containing at least scope 1 and scope 2 statistics on greenhouse gas emissions by industry, prepared based on business reports published by A computer is caused to execute a reading step of reading values and an output step of calculating and outputting changes in greenhouse gas emissions resulting from the implementation of a new business based on related statistical values and a business plan.

According to the present invention, it is possible to easily and accurately predict changes in greenhouse gas emissions associated with the implementation of a new business, so companies can appropriately evaluate one aspect of whether or not to adopt the new business.

It is a figure which shows the environment where the new business simulation program which concerns on this embodiment is utilized. 3 is a diagram showing the hardware configuration of an application server; FIG. It is an example of a user input screen. It is an example of a simulation target confirmation screen. It is an example of a business report summary table. It is an example of an industry table. It is an example of an output screen. FIG. 10 is a flow diagram showing a processing procedure of simulation;

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described through embodiments of the invention, but the invention according to the scope of claims is not limited to the following embodiments. Moreover, not all the configurations described in the embodiments are essential as means for solving the problems.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an environment in which a new business simulation program according to this embodiment is used. A new business simulation program (hereinafter simply referred to as "simulation program") according to the present embodiment is executed by an application server 100, which is a server of a company that considers new business or a company that provides application services. The application server 100 is connected to a network 900 such as the Internet or an intranet, and exchanges information with a user's mobile terminal 200 such as a smart phone or a PC terminal 300 such as a desktop computer via the network 900 .

In this embodiment, an example in which the PC terminal 300 operates in cooperation with a simulation program executed by the application server 100 will be described. That is, the user causes the application server 100 to execute the simulation program by operating the PC terminal 300 . The PC terminal 300 is composed of a main body 310, a display monitor 320, an input device 330, and the like. When the user inputs various items by operating, for example, the keyboard and mouse, which are the input devices 330, the simulation results calculated by the application server 100 can be displayed on the display monitor 320 for confirmation.

In this embodiment, an example in which the application server 100 executes the simulation program will be described, but the simulation program may be executed in individual user terminals such as the mobile terminal 200 and the PC terminal 300 . In this case, the user terminal on which the simulation program is executed does not have to be connected to network 900 .

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the hardware configuration of the application server 100. As shown in FIG. The application server 100 is mainly composed of an arithmetic unit 110 , a storage unit 120 and a communication unit 130 . The computing unit 110 is a processor (CPU: Central Processing Unit) that controls the application server 100 and executes programs. The processor may be configured to cooperate with an arithmetic processing chip such as an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) or a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit). In particular, the calculation unit 110 executes various processes related to the simulation of the new business according to the simulation program stored in the storage unit 120 or sent from an external device.

The storage unit 120 is a nonvolatile storage medium, and is configured by, for example, an HDD (Hard Disk Drive). The storage unit 120 can store various parameter values, functions, lookup tables, learned models, etc. used for control and calculation, in addition to programs for executing control and processing of the application server 100 . The storage unit 120 particularly stores an industry-specific table 121 . As will be specifically described below, the industry table 121 includes at least scope 1 and scope 2 statistics on greenhouse gas emissions by industry based on business reports published by the business. Lookup table.

Note that the storage unit 120 may be configured by a plurality of pieces of hardware, and for example, a storage medium for storing programs and a storage medium for storing databases and the like may be configured by separate pieces of hardware. Further, the storage unit 120 may not be built in the application server 100, and may be a storage device connected to the network 900, for example.

The communication unit 130 is responsible for connection to the network 900 and data transmission/reception with external devices, and is configured by, for example, a LAN unit. The communication unit 130 exchanges information with the network 900 under the control of the calculation unit 110 .

The calculation unit 110 also serves as a functional calculation unit that executes various calculations according to the processing instructed by the simulation program. The calculation unit 110 can function as an input acquisition unit 111 and a simulation unit 112 . The input acquisition unit 111 acquires, via the network 900, the input information input to the user terminal, such as the industry to which the new business to be simulated belongs, and the business plan including the planned duration and business scale of the new business. . The simulation unit 112 calculates changes in the amount of greenhouse gas emissions caused by the implementation of the new business based on the input information acquired by the input acquisition unit 111 and the related statistical values read from the industry-specific table 121, and the user terminal Output to Specific processing will be described later.

Next, the processing procedure of the simulation program executed by the application server 100 will be sequentially described using an example of the display screen displayed on the display monitor 320 of the PC terminal 300. FIG. FIG. 3 is an example of a user input screen displayed on the display monitor 320. As shown in FIG.

When the user executes the simulation program, an application window 401 including the title of "new business simulator", which is the name of the program, is displayed. An input window 402 is superimposed on the application window 401, and the input window 402 prompts the user to input various information related to the new business to be simulated, along with the title "Please enter information on the new business."

Specifically, the input window 402 accepts input of information on the name of the new business, the industry to which the new business belongs, and the business plan. The user inputs, for example, “floating solar power generation” into the input box 411 provided next to the item name “new business name” via the input device 330 . In addition, the user expands the selection box 412 and selects "civil engineering" as the industry to which "water photovoltaic power generation" belongs. In the selection box 412, various business types are prepared in advance as options.

The user also inputs a business plan for "floating solar power". Here, as a business plan, it is configured to accept input of the expected duration of the business and expected sales. Specifically, the user can determine when the business is scheduled to start (nearest) and end (farthest) as the scheduled duration, how much the most recent amount is as the estimated sales, and the farthest amount Enter how much

In the present embodiment, estimated sales are accepted as business scale, but other parameters expressing business scale may be accepted. For example, operating profit may be accepted, and investment amount and number of workers may be accepted as auxiliary parameters. Also, the input format is not limited to this, and it may be possible to input estimated sales for each year, or to input a business suspension period.

When the user moves the cursor 420 to the cancel button 422 and presses it, the input information is cleared and re-input becomes possible. On the other hand, when the user places the cursor 420 on the OK button 421 and presses it, the entered new business information is confirmed and transmitted to the application server 100 . The input acquisition unit 111 of the application server 100 acquires the new business information via the communication unit 130 . If there are other new businesses that the user wants to collectively evaluate, the user can repeat such work and input each new business information. The input acquisition unit 111 acquires each input new business information via the communication unit 130 .

FIG. 4 is an example of a confirmation screen of a new business to be simulated. The application window 401 displays a list of each new business information input via the input window 402 together with the title "Would you like to simulate the following new business?" The example in the figure shows a list when four new businesses (floating photovoltaic power generation/power transportation system/wind power generation/offshore photovoltaic power generation) are entered.

When the user places the cursor 420 on the cancel button 422 and presses it, the screen transitions to a screen for accepting input of additional new business or accepting deletion of already entered new business information. On the other hand, when the user places the cursor 420 on the OK button 421 and presses it, a simulation calculation start request signal is transmitted to the application server 100 .

When the simulation unit 112 of the application server 100 acquires the start request signal via the communication unit 130, the simulation unit 112 performs a simulation based on the input information acquired by the input acquisition unit 111 and the related statistical values read from the industry table 121. Arithmetic processing for The main procedure of arithmetic processing will be described below.

FIG. 5 is an example of a business report summary table. The business report summary table is a summary table relating to greenhouse gas emissions and business results, created by aggregating business reports published by actual business operators.

The business report summary table used in this embodiment shall include each information of business name, business type, scope 1, scope 2, sales, and operating profit for each business that publishes information. Affiliation industry represents the industry of the main business run by the business operator, and one is selected from a plurality of preset industries. A plurality of business types preset here correspond to business choices that can be selected in the input window 402 .

Scope 1 represents a company's own direct greenhouse gas emissions and includes, for example, greenhouse gases emitted from the combustion of fuels or from industrial processes. Scope 2 represents indirect emissions associated with the use of electricity, heat, etc. supplied by other companies. For example, the amount can be reduced by using electricity derived from renewable energy sources. In this embodiment, Scopes 1 and 2 are targeted for simulation, but Scope 3 also exists in addition to Scopes 1 and 2 as supply chain emissions. Scope 3 refers to all other indirect emissions other than Scope 1 and 2. For example, it represents the emissions emitted in the procurement relationship located upstream of corporate activities and the emissions after shipment, which corresponds to the downstream. The simulation program may use up to scope 3 as a calculation target.

Sales and operating income each represent annual amounts in a given fiscal year. The calculation unit 110 may acquire such a business report summary table from the site of the issuing organization, or may collect business reports individually from the site of each business and create it. good. It may also be created based on data input by a manager or the like based on the business report of each company.

The computation unit 110 creates an industry-specific table to be used as a reference table in simulation computation from the business report summary table thus acquired. FIG. 6 is an example of the industry table 121. As shown in FIG. The industry table contains scope 1, 2 statistics and average profit margins by industry. The industries set in the industry-specific table correspond to the industries in the business report summary table.

Scope 1 and 2 statistics used in industry tables are greenhouse gas emissions per unit of sales in the industry. Here, the emission amount (t) per one million yen of sales is adopted. For example, when calculating scope 1 statistical values for the business type “management service”, the calculation unit 110 first extracts all business operators having the business type attribute of “management service” from the business report summary table. Then, the total sales of the extracted businesses and the total Scope 1 emissions are calculated. Furthermore, from these, the amount of emissions per million yen in sales is calculated and used as the Scope 1 statistical value. Scope 2 statistics are calculated similarly.

Profit margin is the ratio of operating profit to sales in the industry. For example, when calculating the profit rate of the business type "management service", the calculation unit 110 extracts all businesses having the business type attribute of "management service" from the business report summary table in the same manner as described above. Then, the total sales amount and the total operating profit of the extracted businesses are calculated. Furthermore, the total operating profit is divided by the total sales to obtain the profit margin.

The calculation unit 110 puts together the statistical values and the average profit rate of the scopes 1 and 2 for each industry thus calculated as a reference table, and stores it in the storage unit 120 as a table 121 for each industry. Although an example in which the calculation unit 110 creates the industry-specific table 121 from the business report summary table has been described here, the table created by an external server or the like may be acquired.

When the OK button 421 in FIG. 4 is pressed and the application server 100 acquires a start request signal requesting the start of the simulation calculation, the simulation unit 112 reads the input information acquired by the input acquisition unit 111 from the industry table 121. Refer to the related statistical values (scope 1 and 2 statistical values, profit ratio) and perform arithmetic processing for simulation. Specifically, arithmetic processing is mainly performed according to the following procedure.

The k-th new business No. among the input new businesses. For k, confirm the industry to which he belongs. Then, the relevant statistical value corresponding to the industry to which it belongs is read out from the industry-classified table 121 . For example, the business No. in the example of FIG. 1 For "Floating solar power generation", confirm that the industry to which it belongs is "Civil engineering", and from the industry "Civil engineering" in the industry table 121, Scope 1 statistical value "0.836", Scope 2 statistical value It reads "0.504" and profit rate "8.8%".

Next, new business No. Calculate the expected sales for each year during the sales period of k. Here, estimated sales for each year are calculated by linear interpolation from the most recent sales and the furthest sales. For example, business no. 1 Regarding “floating solar power generation”, the sales period is 10 years from 2021 to 2030, and the sales in 2021 are assumed to be 3.5 billion yen, and the sales in 2030 are assumed to be 0 yen. Therefore, if the estimated sales for each year are calculated by linear interpolation, the sales in 2022 will be approximately 3.11 billion yen, the sales in 2023 will be approximately 2.72 billion yen, and so on.

After calculating the estimated sales for each fiscal year, calculate the Scope 1 and Scope 2 greenhouse gas emissions according to the estimated sales. In this embodiment, the statistics for scopes 1 and 2 are greenhouse gas emissions per million yen in sales. You can calculate your annual Scope 1 and Scope 2 greenhouse gas emissions, respectively. For example, business no. 1 Regarding “floating solar power generation”, sales in FY2021 are 3.5 billion yen, so dividing 3.5 billion by 1 million and multiplying by 0.836, which is the statistical value of Scope 1, is assumed in FY2021. Scope 1 greenhouse gas emissions can be calculated to be 2926 tons. Similarly, Scope 2 greenhouse gas emissions can be calculated to be 1764 tons.

In this way, for each new business to be simulated, Scope 1 and Scope 2 greenhouse gas emissions for each fiscal year during the assumed sales period are calculated. Then, for the same fiscal year among new businesses, add up the values calculated for each. For example, for fiscal year 2025 in the example of FIG. 1 “floating solar power generation” and business No. 2 Sales of “Electric power transmission system” are assumed. Therefore, the total amount of Scope 1 greenhouse gas emissions in FY2025 is the same as that of Project No. Scope 1 greenhouse gas emissions calculated from Project No. 1 and Project No. It is the sum of Scope 1 greenhouse gas emissions calculated from 2.

In this way, it is possible to calculate the Scope 1 greenhouse gas emissions and the Scope 2 greenhouse gas emissions for each fiscal year during the sales period of the new business to be simulated. That is, it is possible to simulate changes in greenhouse gas emissions resulting from the implementation of new businesses.

In this embodiment, in addition to changes in greenhouse gas emissions, a simulation is also performed on changes in sales and profit margins during the sales period of a new business. As described above, new business No. Estimated annual sales during the k sales period are calculated by linear interpolation from the most recent sales and the furthest sales. Therefore, the total sales for each fiscal year during the sales period can be calculated by adding the assumed sales calculated for each of the new businesses in the same fiscal year. That is, it is possible to simulate the transition of sales of new businesses.

Further, by multiplying the sales calculated for each year of each new business by the profit rate read from the industry table 121, the operating profit for each year can be calculated. Then, for the same fiscal year among the new businesses, the profit rate for each fiscal year during the sales period can be calculated by dividing the total sum of the added operating profits by the total sum of the added sales. That is, it is possible to simulate the transition of the profit margin of the new business.

The simulation unit 112 outputs the changes in greenhouse gas emissions, sales, and profit margin calculated in this way to the PC terminal 300 via the communication unit 130 as simulation results. The PC terminal 300 organizes the received simulation results into an output screen including graphs, for example, and displays it on the display monitor 320 .

FIG. 7 is an example of an output screen. As shown, an app window 401 displaying the title “Simulation Results” includes two output windows 403 .

A first output window 403 displays a graph showing changes in greenhouse gas emissions. Specifically, the horizontal axis is the fiscal year and the vertical axis is greenhouse gas emissions (kt), and the emissions in each fiscal year are represented by stacked bar graphs so that the breakdown of Scope 1 and Scope 2 can be visually recognized. there is Also, a transition button 424 is arranged in the output window 403. For example, if there is a year before the rightmost year, a right arrow button is displayed so that it can be pressed. By moving the cursor 420 to the right arrow and pressing it, the user can scroll the graph so that years earlier than the rightmost year are displayed.

A second output window 403 displays a graph showing changes in sales and profit rate. Specifically, the horizontal axis is the fiscal year, the left vertical axis is sales (million yen), and the right vertical axis is the profit margin (%). . A transition button 424 is arranged in the second output window 403 as well as in the first output window 403, and the user can scroll the graph left and right.

In the present embodiment, the changes in the predicted profits from the implementation of new businesses are indirectly shown by showing the changes in sales and profit margins. may be calculated and this transition may be indicated as the transition of the predicted profit. In addition, in the present embodiment, two output windows 403 are used to express each transition in consideration of visibility, but the simulation result expression method is not limited to this example, and one output window 403 They may be represented collectively, or other visual effects such as coloring and animation may be used.

Here, the processing flow executed by the application server 100 by the simulation program will be organized. FIG. 8 is a flow diagram showing a processing procedure processed by the application server 100. As shown in FIG. It should be noted that the following flow does not describe all of the processing described so far, but only the main processing.

In step S101, the input acquisition unit 111 receives the designation of the industry to which the new business to be simulated belongs, and the input of the business plan including the expected duration and business scale of the new business. Specifically, the input information entered at the user terminal is acquired via the network 900 . The input acquisition unit 111 passes the acquired input information to the simulation unit 112 . When all the input information to be simulated has been acquired and a simulation calculation start request signal has been received from the user terminal, the process proceeds to step S102.

In step S102, the simulation unit 112 reads out the related statistical value corresponding to the industry to which the new business to be simulated belongs from the industry table 121 stored in the storage unit 120. FIG. Relevant statistics include scope 1, scope 2 statistics and profit margins by industry.

The simulation unit 112 advances to step S103 to calculate Scope 1 and Scope 2 greenhouse gas emissions for each fiscal year during the sales period of the new business to be simulated as described above. Similarly, the sales and profit rate for each fiscal year are calculated. Then, in step S104, these calculated simulation results are converted into data as trends in greenhouse gas emissions and predicted profits, and output to the user terminal. When the output processing is completed, the series of processing ends.

Next, the 1st modification with respect to the above-mentioned embodiment is demonstrated. In the above-described embodiment, the amount of greenhouse gas emissions emitted as a result is aggregated without considering what kind of energy was used by each business operator listed in the business report summary table. Scope 1 and 2 statistics for each industry were calculated. However, if the breakdown of the type of energy used by each business operator is disclosed, the statistical values of Scope 1 and 2 can also include information on what kind of energy was consumed to calculate the value.

If Scope 1 and 2 statistical values, including breakdown information by type of energy, are prepared in the industry-specific table, it will be possible to calculate changes in greenhouse gas emissions that take into account the type of energy used in new businesses. can. Specifically, in the input window 402, the input of the energy type to be used as an item of the business plan of the new business is accepted. For example, it is possible to input a plan to use hydroelectric power for 30% of the power to be procured from the outside, or to use biodiesel for 50% of the fuel, and to accept such information.

The simulation unit 112 calculates greenhouse gas emissions in consideration of the energy type used in the new business and the difference between the energy types in the statistical values of scopes 1 and 2. For example, if the Scope 2 statistics are calculated assuming that 100% of the electricity generated by thermal power generation is used, if the new business plans to use 30% of the electricity derived from hydroelectric power generation, the Scope 2 statistics Multiply the value by 0.7 to calculate Scope 2 emissions.

It should be noted that since the cost generated differs for each type of energy to be used, it is preferable to associate the corresponding cost information with each energy type. If such cost information is associated, it is possible to calculate the sales and profit rate according to the type of energy used.

Next, a second modification of the above-described embodiment will be described. In the above-described embodiment, only new business was targeted for simulation. However, in order for companies to achieve sustainable growth, it is necessary to evaluate new businesses based on their relationship with existing businesses. Therefore, we will conduct a simulation of the new business based on the past results and future forecasts of the existing business.

Specifically, first, the input acquisition unit 111 acquires the past performance values of Scope 1 and Scope 2 in the existing business and the future business plan of the existing business. The actual values of scope 1 and scope 2 so far are obtained from, for example, a management server that manages the existing business. In addition, the future business plan is obtained by receiving input from the user at the user terminal in the same manner as the business plan of the new class.

The simulation unit 112 also calculates changes in future greenhouse gas emissions for existing businesses. However, for existing businesses, instead of referring to the statistical values of Scope 1 and Scope 2 in the industry-specific table, the actual values of Scope 1 and Scope 2 in the relevant existing business are referred to for calculation. The simulation unit 112 outputs the transition of the greenhouse gas emissions calculated in this way together with the transition of the greenhouse gas emissions for the new business. When displayed as a graph on the user terminal, the transition for the existing business and the transition for the new business may be displayed together, or may be displayed separately.

In addition, the simulation unit 112 can also calculate and output changes in sales and profit margins based on existing businesses. By outputting the transition of the new business together with the existing business in this way, the user can more accurately evaluate the influence of the new business on the corporate management.

In the present embodiment described above including the modified examples, it is assumed that the application server 100 executes the simulation program as shown in FIG. 1, but the environment in which the simulation program is executed is not limited to this. For example, the simulation program may be executed on the PC terminal 300, which is a user terminal. In this case, parameters and lookup tables used for calculation may be acquired from an external device via network 900 .

The simulation program can also be realized by a format in which input cells set in spreadsheet software receive input of each item, and a calculation result is output to an output cell in response to the input. In this case, graph display can be executed by referring to the value of the output cell. Even with such a simple format, a certain simulation result can be expected.

As described above, by using the new business simulation program according to the present embodiment, it is possible to easily and accurately predict changes in the amount of greenhouse gas emissions associated with the implementation of a new business. can be evaluated appropriately. In particular, greenhouse gas emissions can be affected by many parameters. By creating and referring to the industry-specific table backed by the achievements of , it became possible to easily obtain relatively high-precision results. In addition, since the amount of greenhouse gas emissions can be predicted for each scope as a breakdown, it is easy to formulate action guidelines for reduction efforts. In addition to trends in greenhouse gas emissions, it is also possible to ascertain profit forecasts as businesses, so new businesses can be evaluated appropriately from the perspective of corporate growth.

In order to output the simulation results more simply, the emissions of greenhouse gases may not be sorted by scope, but may be output collectively for each fiscal year. Moreover, if a more accurate simulator is prepared separately, for example, this simulation program may be configured not to output the predicted profit transition due to the implementation of the new business.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100... Application server, 110... Calculation part, 111... Input acquisition part, 112... Simulation part, 120... Storage part, 121... Industry-specific table, 130... Communication unit, 200... Mobile terminal, 300... PC terminal, 310... Main body , 320... Display monitor, 330... Input device, 401... Application window, 402... Input window, 403... Output window, 411... Input box, 412... Selection box, 420... Cursor, 421... OK button, 422... Cancel button , 424 ... transition button, 900 ... network

Claims (5)

a receiving step of receiving the designation of the industry to which the new business to be simulated belongs, and the input of the business plan including the planned duration and business scale of the new business;
retrieving said statistic corresponding to said industry sector from a lookup table containing at least scope 1 and scope 2 statistics on greenhouse gas emissions by industry, prepared based on business reports published by the company; a reading step of reading relevant statistics including
A new business simulation program for causing a computer to execute an output step of calculating and outputting changes in greenhouse gas emissions resulting from the implementation of the new business based on the relevant statistical values and the business plan. 2. The new business simulation program according to claim 1, wherein said outputting step calculates and outputs transitions of said greenhouse gas emissions classified into at least said scope 1 and said scope 2. The reading step reads, from the reference table, a profit rate corresponding to the industry to which the business belongs as one of the related statistical values,
3. The new business simulation program according to claim 1, wherein said outputting step calculates and outputs transitions in predicted profits from implementation of said new business based on said related statistical values and said business plan. The receiving step receives an energy type to be used as one of the business plans,
4. The new business simulation program according to claim 3, wherein said outputting step calculates and outputs changes in said greenhouse gas emissions and said predicted profits based on said related statistical values and said business plan. Cause a computer to execute an acquisition step of acquiring the actual values of scope 1 and scope 2 related to the amount of greenhouse gas emissions so far in the existing business and the future business plan of the existing business,
5. The new business simulation program according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the output step calculates and outputs changes in greenhouse gas emissions caused by the implementation of the existing business and the new business.

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