JP2023045126A - Heat loss amount calculation system - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a heat loss amount calculation system capable of easily calculating a heat loss amount in an outer skin part of a unit type building.SOLUTION: In a heat loss amount calculation apparatus, a roof area calculation unit 42 calculates an area of a roof part based on design data of a building, a girder total length calculation unit 44 calculates the total length of all ceiling girders constituting thermal bridge parts in the roof part based on the design data of the building, a thermal bridge pitch calculation unit 45 calculates a thermal bridge pitch indicating a ratio of the area occupied by the ceiling girders in the roof part based on the calculated area of the roof part and the total length of the ceiling girders, a heat transmission coefficient calculation unit 47 calculates a heat transmission coefficient of the roof part based on the thermal bridge pitch calculated by the thermal bridge pitch calculation unit 45 and a correspondence relationship between the thermal bridge pitch and the heat transmission coefficient stored in a heat transmission coefficient database 46, and a heat loss amount calculation unit 48 calculates a heat loss amount in the roof part based on the calculated heat transmission coefficient and the area of the roof part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a heat loss amount calculation system for calculating the amount of heat loss in the outer skin of a unit building.

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, from the viewpoint of energy saving, etc., there is a demand for buildings with excellent heat insulation performance, and some heat insulation performance calculation systems for calculating the heat insulation performance of buildings have been proposed. For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses a system for calculating the amount of heat loss in building envelopes such as the roof, floor (first floor), and outer walls as the insulation performance of a unit building.

Here, as is well known, a unit-type building is constructed by combining a plurality of building units with each other. The building unit has a frame formed by connecting pillars, ceiling girders, and floor girders in a rectangular parallelepiped shape. In a unit-type building, the beams and columns of the building units arranged in the outer skin serve as the thermal bridge. For example, in the roof section, the ceiling girders are the thermal bridges, and more specifically, the ceiling girders facing each other in the adjacent building units are the thermal bridges. Therefore, in a unit building, when calculating the amount of heat loss in the roof, a thermal bridge model including the above-mentioned two ceiling girders is assumed, and the thermal bridge model is placed at multiple locations on the roof. A method of calculating assuming that there is

JP 2020-154627 A

By the way, in a unit-type building, adjacent building units may be installed apart from each other. In such a building, the space between adjacent building units is used as a space for installing stairs or as a storage space for things. In such a building, there will be a portion where the interval between adjacent building units (and thus the interval between the two facing ceiling girders) is small and a portion where the interval between adjacent building units is large. In recent years, along with the diversification of needs for unit-type buildings, there are various spacings between building units, and there is a tendency to increase variations in buildings.

Here, in the above-described method of calculating the amount of heat loss using a thermal bridge model including two opposing ceiling girders, the heat transmission coefficient of the thermal bridge model changes depending on the distance between the two ceiling girders. For this reason, when applying the above calculation method to a unit-type building in which there are parts where the distance between adjacent building units (and thus the distance between two ceiling girders facing each other) is small and parts where the distance is large, It is necessary to prepare multiple thermal bridge models for each interval between the two ceiling girders.

However, it is troublesome to prepare a thermal bridge model for each interval between the two ceiling girders facing each other. Calculation processing becomes complicated.

This problem is not limited to the case of calculating the amount of heat loss in the roof, but is the same when calculating the amount of heat loss in outer skin parts other than the roof, such as the floor (first floor) and outer walls. This is a problem that can arise in

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its main object is to provide a heat loss amount calculation system that can easily calculate the amount of heat loss in the outer skin of a unit-type building. .

In order to solve the above problems, a heat loss amount calculation system of the first invention is constructed by combining a plurality of building units each including a frame body in which columns and beams as structural materials are connected in a rectangular parallelepiped shape. In a unit-type building, a heat loss amount calculation system for calculating the amount of heat loss in the outer skin part, which is one of the roof, floor, and outer wall parts of the building, Outer skin area calculating means for calculating the area of the outer skin based on the design data of the building; total length calculating means for calculating a total length of all the thermal bridge structural members in the outer skin portion based on the design data of the building; and the outer skin area calculating means. Heat indicating the ratio of the area occupied by the thermal bridge structural material in the outer skin based on the area of the outer skin calculated by the total length calculation means and the total length of the thermal bridge structural material calculated by the total length calculation means thermal bridge ratio calculating means for calculating a bridge ratio; storage means for storing in advance a correspondence relationship between the thermal bridge ratio and the heat transmission coefficient in the outer skin portion; and the heat calculated by the thermal bridge ratio calculating means heat transmission coefficient calculation means for calculating the heat transmission coefficient of the outer skin based on the bridge ratio and the correspondence stored in the storage means; and the heat transmission coefficient of the skin calculated by the heat transmission coefficient calculation means and heat loss amount calculation means for calculating a heat loss amount in the outer skin portion based on the heat transmission coefficient and the area of the outer skin portion calculated by the outer skin area calculation means.

According to the first invention, based on the design data of the unit-type building, the area of the outer skin (roof, floor or outer wall) of the building is calculated, and the length of all thermal bridge structural materials in the outer skin is calculated. total length is calculated. Then, based on the calculated area of the skin portion and the total length of the thermal bridge structural material, a thermal bridge ratio indicating the ratio of the area occupied by the thermal bridge structural material in the skin portion is calculated. The storage means preliminarily stores the correspondence relationship between the thermal bridge ratio and the heat transmission coefficient in the outer skin. Then, based on the calculated thermal bridge ratio and the correspondence stored in the storage means, the heat transmission coefficient of the outer skin is calculated, and the calculated heat transmission coefficient and the calculated heat transmission coefficient of the outer skin are calculated. The amount of heat loss in the outer skin is calculated based on the area.

In such a heat loss amount calculation flow, the heat loss amount of the skin portion is calculated by regarding each structural member (each thermal bridge structural member) facing each other of the adjacent building units as one thermal bridge portion. Therefore, unlike the case of calculating the amount of heat loss using a thermal bridge model including two opposing structural members, there is no need to bother to prepare a thermal bridge model for each interval between opposing structural members. In addition, since the thermal bridge model has only one pattern (that is, only one thermal bridge structural material pattern), the process of calculating the amount of heat loss is not so complicated. It becomes possible to easily calculate the amount of loss.

A heat loss calculation system according to a second invention is characterized in that, in the first invention, the building includes a small interval portion in which the interval between the adjacent building units is small and a large interval portion in which the interval between the adjacent building units is large. It is included.

According to the second aspect of the invention, the unit-type building has a portion where the interval between adjacent building units is small and a portion where the interval is large. That is, there are portions where the distance between the opposing thermal bridge structural members of adjacent building units is small and portions where the distance is large. Even in such a building, as described above, the amount of heat loss can be calculated with only one pattern as the thermal bridge model, so the amount of heat loss can be easily calculated.

The top view which shows a unit-type building. The perspective view which shows a building unit. The figure which shows schematic structure of a heat-loss amount calculation apparatus. The functional block diagram which shows the flow of a heat-loss amount calculation process. The figure for demonstrating a thermal bridge pitch.

An embodiment embodying the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, a unit-type building designed in advance is targeted, and a heat loss amount calculation device for calculating the amount of heat loss in the roof of the unit-type building is embodied. Before describing the heat loss amount calculation device, the configuration of the unit building will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a unit type building, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a building unit.

A unit-type building 10 (hereinafter simply referred to as a building 10) is constructed by combining a plurality of rectangular parallelepiped building units 20 with each other. As shown in FIG. 2, the building unit 20 includes four pillars 21 arranged at its four corners, and four ceiling girders 22 and four floor girders 23 connecting the upper end and lower end of each pillar 21, respectively. and A rectangular parallelepiped frame body 24 is formed by the pillars 21 , the ceiling girders 22 and the floor girders 23 . The pillar 21 is made of rectangular steel in the shape of a square cylinder. Also, the ceiling girders 22 and the floor girders 23 are made of channel steel with a U-shaped cross section, and are arranged with their openings directed inward in the horizontal direction. The pillars 21, the ceiling girders 22, and the floor girders 23 each correspond to structural members.

A plurality of ceiling girders 25 are bridged at predetermined intervals between the opposing ceiling girders 22 on the long sides of the building unit 20 . A plurality of small floor beams 26 are bridged at predetermined intervals between the facing floor girders 23 on the long sides of the building unit 20 . For example, the ceiling girders 25 are made of lip channel steel and the floor girders 26 are made of square steel. A ceiling panel member 27 is supported by the ceiling girders 25 , and a floor panel member 28 is supported by the floor girders 26 .

As shown in FIG. 1, the building 10 is a two-story building, and includes a plurality of building units 20 arranged side by side on the first and second floors, respectively. Above the second floor (in other words, the top floor), a roof portion 13 is provided as a skin portion. The roof part 13 is configured as a flat roof. The roof part 13 is surrounded by the ceiling girders 22 of each building unit 20 on the second floor, the roof materials (not shown) supported from below by the ceiling girders 22, and the four ceiling girders 22 of the building units 20. and a heat insulating material disposed in the inner region.

The ceiling girders 22 of each building unit 20 on the second floor of the building 10 include ceiling girders 22A of adjacent building units 20 facing each other. In the roof section 13, these ceiling girders 22A constitute a thermal bridge section. Therefore, the ceiling girders 22A correspond to thermal bridge structural members. In addition, in FIG. 1, each ceiling girder 22A is indicated by dot hatching.

In the second floor portion of the building 10, there are a small interval portion 14 in which the interval between the building units 20 adjacent to each other in a horizontal line is reduced, and a large interval portion 15 in which the interval is increased. In this case, the space L1 between the opposing ceiling girders 22A of the building units 20 adjacent to each other with the large space 15 interposed therebetween is the space between the ceiling girders 22A of the building units 20 adjacent to each other with the small space 14 interposed therebetween. It is larger than L2.

Next, the heat loss amount calculation device 30 for calculating the heat loss amount in the roof portion 13 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of the heat loss amount calculation device 30. As shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 3, the heat loss calculation device 30 is configured by a personal computer and has a CAD program for designing a building. The heat loss calculation device 30 is provided, for example, in a building manufacturer and used by the designer of the same manufacturer. The heat loss calculation device 30 includes a control section 31 , an operation section 32 , a display section 33 and a storage section 34 .

The control unit 31 performs heat loss amount calculation processing for calculating the amount of heat loss in the roof part 13 . The operation unit 32 performs various operations necessary for the calculation process, and includes a keyboard, a mouse, and the like. The display unit 33 displays various information such as the result of the heat loss calculation process, and is composed of a display. In addition, the storage unit 34 stores various types of information necessary for the heat loss calculation process.

Next, a flow of heat loss amount calculation processing performed by the heat loss amount calculation device 30 will be described based on FIG. 4 . FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram showing the flow of heat loss calculation processing. Note that blocks 41 to 45 and 47 to 49 in FIG. In the following, it is assumed that the heat loss amount calculation process is performed on the building 10 described above, and the design data (CAD data) of the building 10 is stored in advance in the storage unit 34 of the heat loss amount calculation device 30. shall be memorized.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the design data acquisition unit 41 reads and acquires the design data of the building 10 from the storage unit 34 . In this case, the design data of the building 10 acquired by the design data acquisition unit 41 includes the design data of the roof section 13 .

The roof area calculator 42 calculates the area S of the roof portion 13 based on the design data of the building 10 acquired by the design data acquisition portion 41 , more specifically, the design data of the roof portion 13 . Note that the roof area calculator 42 corresponds to the skin area calculator.

The girder length calculator 43 calculates the lengths of all the ceiling girder 22A forming the thermal bridge in the roof 13 based on the design data of the roof 13 acquired by the design data acquirer 41 .

The girders total length calculation unit 44 calculates the total length Lt of the ceiling girders 22A by totaling the lengths of all the ceiling girders 22A calculated by the girders length calculation unit 43 . The girders length calculator 43 and the girders total length calculator 44 constitute total length calculation means.

Based on the area S of the roof portion 13 calculated by the roof area calculation portion 42 and the total length Lt of the ceiling girder 22A calculated by the girder total length calculation portion 44, the thermal bridge pitch calculation portion 45 calculates the roof portion 13, the thermal bridge pitch P (corresponding to the thermal bridge ratio) indicating the ratio of the area occupied by the ceiling girders 22A is calculated. The thermal bridge pitch P, in other words, indicates the ratio of the area occupied by the thermal bridge portion in the roof portion 13 . The thermal bridge pitch calculator 45 corresponds to thermal bridge ratio calculator.

The thermal bridge pitch calculator 45 calculates the thermal bridge pitch P by dividing the area S of the roof portion 13 by the total length Lt of the ceiling girders 22A (P=S/Lt). In this case, as shown in FIG. 5, the thermal bridge pitch P is assumed to be n ceiling girders H having mutually equal lengths La and a total length equal to the total length Lt of the ceiling girders 22A. Assuming a quadrangular roof portion Y whose one side length is the same as the length La of the ceiling girder H and whose area is the same as the area S of the roof portion 13, the roof portion It corresponds to the pitch of the ceiling girders H when n ceiling girders H are arranged in the direction orthogonal to the one side above at equal intervals (equal pitch).

The thermal bridge pitch P of the roof portion 13 has a correlation with the heat transmission coefficient U of the roof portion 13 . When the thermal bridge pitch P of the roof portion 13 is small, the proportion of the roof girders 22A (in other words, thermal bridge portions) in the roof portion 13 is large, so that heat is easily conducted between indoors and outdoors through the roof portion 13. . Therefore, in this case, the heat transmission coefficient U of the roof portion 13 increases. On the other hand, if the thermal bridge pitch P of the roof portion 13 is large, the proportion of the ceiling girders 22A in the roof portion 13 is small, so that heat is less likely to be conducted between the indoor and outdoor spaces through the roof portion 13 . Therefore, in this case, the heat transmission coefficient U of the roof portion 13 becomes small. The heat transmission coefficient U of the roof portion 13 corresponds to a value obtained by dividing the heat loss amount Q in the roof portion 13 by the area S of the roof portion 13 .

The correspondence relationship between the thermal bridge pitch P and the heat transmission coefficient U in the roof section 13 is obtained in advance by the building manufacturer, and the obtained correspondence relationship is stored in the heat transmission coefficient database 46 . Specifically, for each thermal bridge pitch P assumed in the roof section 13 manufactured by the building manufacturer, the heat transmission coefficient U corresponding to the thermal bridge pitch P is obtained in advance, and the heat transmission coefficient U corresponding to the thermal bridge pitch P is obtained in advance. The heat transmission coefficient U is stored in the heat transmission coefficient database 46 as the correspondence relationship. The heat transmission rate database 46 is constructed by the storage unit 34 and corresponds to storage means.

The heat transmission coefficient calculation unit 47 calculates the heat transmission coefficient U of the roof part 13 based on the thermal bridge pitch P calculated by the thermal bridge pitch calculation unit 45 and the correspondence relationship stored in the heat transmission coefficient database 46. do. Specifically, the heat transmission coefficient calculation unit 47 calculates the heat transmission coefficient U corresponding to the thermal bridge pitch P calculated by the thermal bridge pitch calculation unit 45 by referring to the correspondence relationship in the heat transmission coefficient database 46 ( Extract. Note that the heat transmission coefficient calculation unit 47 corresponds to heat transmission coefficient calculation means.

Based on the heat transmission coefficient U of the roof portion 13 calculated by the heat transmission coefficient calculation portion 47 and the area S of the roof portion 13 calculated by the roof area calculation portion 42, the heat loss amount calculation portion 48 calculates the roof portion A heat loss amount Q at 13 is calculated. Specifically, the heat loss amount calculator 48 calculates the heat loss amount Q of the roof portion 13 by multiplying the heat transmission coefficient U of the roof portion 13 by the area S of the roof portion 13 . Note that the heat loss amount calculation unit 48 corresponds to heat loss amount calculation means.

The output unit 49 outputs the heat loss amount Q of the roof portion 13 calculated by the heat loss amount calculation unit 48 to the display unit 33 . Thereby, the heat loss amount Q of the roof portion 13 is displayed on the display portion 33 . In place of or in addition to the output section 49 outputting the heat loss amount Q of the roof section 13 to the display section 33, the heat loss amount Q of the roof section 13 may be output to an output destination other than the display section 33, such as a printer. may be output.

According to the configuration of the present embodiment described in detail above, the following excellent effects are obtained.

Based on the design data of the unit-type building 10, the area of the roof portion 13 of the building 10 is calculated, and the total length Lt, which is the sum of the lengths of all the ceiling girders 22A in the roof portion 13, is calculated. Then, based on the calculated area S of the roof portion 13 and the total length Lt of the ceiling girders 22A, the thermal bridge pitch P indicating the ratio of the area occupied by the ceiling girders 22A in the roof portion 13 is calculated. The heat transmission rate database 46 stores in advance the correspondence relationship between the thermal bridge pitch P and the heat transmission rate U in the roof portion 13 . Then, based on the calculated thermal bridge pitch P and the correspondence relationship stored in the heat transmission coefficient database 46, the heat transmission coefficient U of the roof portion 13 is calculated. Based on the calculated area S of the roof portion 13, the amount of heat loss Q in the roof portion 13 is calculated.

In such a heat loss amount calculation flow, the heat loss amount of the roof portion 13 is calculated by regarding each of the facing ceiling girders 22A of the adjacent building units 20 as one thermal bridge portion. Therefore, unlike the case of calculating the amount of heat loss using a thermal bridge model including two opposing ceiling girders 22A, there is no need to bother to prepare a thermal bridge model for each space between the opposing ceiling girders 22A. In addition, since the thermal bridge model has only one pattern (that is, only the pattern of one ceiling girder 22A), the process of calculating the heat loss amount is not so complicated, and as a result, the heat loss The amount can be easily calculated.

A unit-type building 10 includes a small interval portion 14 in which the interval between adjacent building units 20 is small, and a large interval portion 15 in which the interval is large. In other words, it includes portions where the gap between the facing ceiling girders 22A of the adjacent building units 20 is small and portions where the gap is large. Even in such a building 10, as described above, the amount of heat loss can be calculated using only one pattern as the thermal bridge model, so the amount of heat loss can be easily calculated.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may be implemented as follows, for example.

In the above embodiment, the present invention is applied when calculating the heat loss amount in the roof part 13 of the building 10, but the heat loss amount in the floor part (corresponding to the outer skin part) of the first floor part of the building 10 is calculated. The present invention may be applied in some cases. In this case, of the floor girders 23 included in the first floor, the facing floor girders 23 of the adjacent building units 20 (hereinafter referred to as floor girders 23A) form a thermal bridge section in the first floor. Therefore, the floor girders 23A correspond to thermal bridge structural members.

In this case, by replacing the "roof section 13" in the above embodiment with the "first floor section" and replacing the "ceiling girders 22A" with the "floor girders 23A", the first floor floor The amount of heat loss in the section can be calculated.
- The present invention may be applied when calculating the amount of heat loss in the outer wall portion (corresponding to the skin portion) of the building 10 . In this case, among the pillars 21, the ceiling girders 22, and the floor girders 23 included in the outer wall, the pillars 21 (hereinafter referred to as pillars 21B) facing each other in the adjacent building units 20 and the pillars 21B facing each other in the vertically adjacent building units 20 The opposing ceiling girders 22 (hereinafter referred to as ceiling girders 22B) and floor girders 23 (hereinafter referred to as floor girders 23B) form a thermal bridge in the outer wall. Therefore, the pillars 21A, the ceiling girders 22B and the floor girders 23B correspond to thermal bridge structural members.

In this case, by replacing the “roof portion 13” in the above embodiment with the “outer wall portion” and replacing the “ceiling girders 22A” with “columns 21B, ceiling girders 22B and floor girders 23B”, the same procedure as in the above embodiment. , the amount of heat loss in the outer wall can be calculated.

10 Building 13 Roof as skin 20 Building unit 22 Ceiling girders as structural materials 22A Ceiling girders as thermal bridge structural materials 30 Heat loss amount as heat loss amount calculation system Calculation device 31 Control unit 42 Roof area calculation unit as skin area calculation means 45 Thermal bridge pitch calculation unit as thermal bridge ratio calculation means 46 Heat transmission coefficient database as storage means 47 Heat A heat transmission coefficient calculation unit as a transmission coefficient calculation means, 48 . . . a heat loss amount calculation unit as a heat loss amount calculation means.

Claims (2)

In a unit-type building constructed by combining a plurality of building units including a frame body in which columns and beams as structural materials are connected in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, among the roof, floor and outer wall of the building A heat loss amount calculation system for calculating the amount of heat loss in the outer skin part, which is one of
skin area calculation means for calculating the area of the skin portion based on the design data of the building;
Of the structural members included in the outer skin portion, the structural members facing each other in the adjacent building units are thermal bridge structural members constituting a thermal bridge portion, and based on the design data of the building, all the structural members in the outer skin portion total length calculation means for calculating the total length of the lengths of the thermal bridge structural members;
The area occupied by the thermal bridge structure material in the skin part based on the area of the skin portion calculated by the skin area calculation means and the total length of the thermal bridge structure material calculated by the total length calculation means. a thermal bridge ratio calculating means for calculating a thermal bridge ratio indicating the ratio of
storage means in which a correspondence relationship between the thermal bridge ratio and the heat transmission coefficient in the outer skin portion is stored in advance;
heat transmission coefficient calculation means for calculating the heat transmission coefficient of the outer skin based on the thermal bridge ratio calculated by the thermal bridge ratio calculation means and the correspondence stored in the storage means;
A heat loss amount for calculating a heat loss amount in the outer skin portion based on the heat transmission coefficient of the outer skin portion calculated by the heat transmission coefficient calculation means and the area of the outer skin portion calculated by the outer skin area calculation means. calculating means;
A heat loss calculation system. 2. The heat loss amount calculation system according to claim 1, wherein said building includes a small interval portion in which an interval between said adjacent building units is small and a large interval portion in which an interval between said adjacent building units is large.

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