JP2023028195A - T-shaped steel frame for beam material and hybrid beam material of steel frame and wood - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a T-shaped steel frame usable so as to further rationally constitute a hybrid beam material with high fire resistance, which is capable of being manufactured by properly corresponding to various specifications with a small environmental load, and a hybrid beam material of steel frame and wood.SOLUTION: In a T-shaped steel frame 10 for a beam material having a T-shaped cross section is formed by a longitudinal plate part 20 whose cross-sectional shape is longitudinally long so as to form a web of a long, flat steel material constituting a core part of the beam material, and a transverse plate part 30 whose cross-sectional shape is laterally long so as to form a flange of a long, flat steel material constituting the upper surface of the beam material. The longitudinal plate part 20 and the transverse plate part 30 are fixed to each other by fitting a plurality of tenons 23 provided on the upper edge side of the longitudinal plate part 20 correspondingly to a plurality of mortises 31 provided opening in a slit shape in the horizontal plate part 30 at intervals in the longitudinal direction, into the plurality of mortises 31.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

Description

The present invention relates to a long flat plate-shaped steel material that constitutes the core of a beam material, and has a vertical plate portion that is long in the vertical direction so as to form a web in cross section, and a long flat steel material that constitutes the upper surface of the beam material. It relates to a T-shaped steel frame for a beam material and a steel frame-wood hybrid beam material having a T-shaped cross-sectional shape formed by a horizontal plate part whose cross-sectional shape is long in the horizontal direction so as to form a flange.

Conventionally, the hybrid beam material of steel frame and wood is made of laminated wood, and the wooden member that secures the coating thickness according to the heating time is used as the fireproof coating of the steel frame member, which is the structural material such as pillars and beams. Therefore, it is possible to realize fire-resistant coating of steel frame structure with fire-resistant coating material made of wooden members (laminated lumber), and it is possible to easily realize both fire-resistant structure and wooden structure at the same time without waste, shortening construction time and reducing costs. The use of wood as a fireproof covering material can be used in new fields, expanding the range of utilization of forest resources, revitalizing the forestry industry, and contributing to _CO2 reduction (Patent Document 1). something is proposed.

JP 2013-11063 A (page 1)

Problems to be solved with respect to T-shaped steel frames for beams and hybrid beams of steel frames and wood have conventionally been made by using H-shaped steel and arranging wood around it to improve fire resistance. However, there has been no suggestion of a more rational and appropriate configuration as a hybrid beam material with wood using a T-shaped steel frame, and the T-shaped steel frame has a small environmental load and various specifications. The reason is that there has not been proposed a product that can be manufactured to appropriately correspond to the

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a T-shaped steel frame that can be used to construct a more rationally high fire-resistant hybrid beam material, and which can be manufactured appropriately to meet various specifications with a small environmental load. To provide a T-shaped steel frame and a hybrid beam material of a steel frame and wood.

The present invention has the following configurations in order to achieve the above object.
According to one embodiment of the T-shaped steel frame for beam material according to the present invention, a long flat plate-shaped steel material that constitutes the core of the beam material has a longitudinally long cross-sectional shape so as to form a web. For beam members with a T-shaped cross-section formed by a plate portion and a horizontal plate portion that is a long flat steel material that constitutes the upper surface of the beam member and has a laterally long cross-sectional shape so as to form a flange. In the T-shaped steel frame, a plurality of mortises provided with slit-shaped openings in the horizontal plate part at intervals in the longitudinal direction are provided on the vertical plate part corresponding to the mortises The vertical plate portion and the horizontal plate portion are fixed and provided by fitting a plurality of tenons provided on the edge side.

According to one aspect of the T-shaped steel frame for the beam material according to the present invention, the tenon has a protrusion that penetrates the mortise hole and protrudes from the upper surface of the horizontal plate portion, and the protrusion of the tenon has a slit. A fixing insertion hole is provided that is open in a shape, and is inserted through the fixing insertion hole to be positioned and fixed above the horizontal plate portion arranged on the upper edge side of the vertical plate portion. By doing so, it is possible to provide a fixing member that fixes the horizontal plate portion so that it does not separate from the vertical plate portion.

According to one aspect of the T-shaped steel frame for the beam material according to the present invention, the center of the longitudinal direction of the upper edge of the vertical plate portion is formed in an arch shape that is curved to the uppermost side. be able to.
According to one aspect of the T-shaped steel frame for beam material according to the present invention, a plurality of lightening holes for reducing weight are provided in the longitudinal direction of the T-shaped steel frame in the vertical plate portion. It can be characterized as
According to one aspect of the T-shaped steel frame for beam material according to the present invention, a plurality of stud dowels are fixed to the upper surface of the horizontal plate portion.

According to one embodiment of the steel frame and wood hybrid beam material according to the present invention, a steel frame and wood hybrid beam material using the T-shaped steel frame for the beam material, the longitudinal direction of the T-shaped steel frame and an enclosing wooden portion provided so as to cover and enclose the vertical plate portion, which is a portion excluding the upper surface side of the horizontal plate portion and both ends of the horizontal plate portion.

According to one embodiment of the steel frame and wood hybrid beam material according to the present invention, the surrounding wood portion is provided in two layers, an inner wood layer and an outer wood layer, and the inner wood layer and the outer wood layer are provided. It can be characterized in that a noncombustible material layer is arranged between the layers.

According to the T-shaped steel frame for beam material and the hybrid beam material of steel frame and wood according to the present invention, the T-shaped steel frame that can be used to construct a more rationally high fire-resistant hybrid beam material has an environmental load. It has a particularly advantageous effect that it can be produced in such a way that it is small and can be manufactured in a suitable manner to meet various specifications.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a form of a hybrid beam material of steel frame and wood according to the present invention. FIG. 1. It is the (a) front view and (b) end elevation which show the example of a T-shaped steel frame which can be used for the example of a form of FIG. 1. It is the (a) front view and (b) end view which show the other example of a T-shaped steel frame which can be used for the example of the form of FIG. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is the (a) front view and (b) end elevation which show the example of a form of the T-shaped steel-frame (tenon assembly structure) for beam materials which concerns on this invention. FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a part (right end) of FIG. 4; FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 4; 5 is a partially exploded view of the embodiment of FIG. 4; FIG. It is (a) a front view and (b) an end view showing the form example of the hybrid beam material of the steel frame and wood using the T-shaped steel frame (tenon assembly structure) which concerns on this invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a form example of a hybrid beam material of steel and wood using a T-shaped steel frame (tenon assembly structure) according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a usage state of a form example of a hybrid beam material of steel frame and wood according to the present invention.

Embodiments of the T-shaped steel frame for beam material and the hybrid beam material of steel frame and wood according to the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings (FIGS. 1 to 10).

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 9, the steel-frame and wood hybrid beam according to the present invention is a long flat steel material that constitutes the core of the beam, and has a cross-sectional shape that forms a web. The cross-sectional shape is T-shaped by the vertical plate portion 20 that is long in the vertical direction and the horizontal plate portion 30 that is a long flat steel material that constitutes the upper surface of the beam material and has a cross-sectional shape that is long in the horizontal direction so as to form a flange. T-shaped steel frame 10 for the beam material formed in , and the vertical plate portion 20, which is a portion excluding both ends in the longitudinal direction of the T-shaped steel frame 10 and the upper surface side of the horizontal plate portion 30, are included. and an enclosing wood part 50 provided to cover it. This hybrid beam material of steel frame and wood is used by being attached to a steel frame column by fastening means using holes 11 for attachment to the steel frame column provided at both ends in the longitudinal direction.

According to the present invention, a T-shaped steel frame is utilized, and a particularly advantageous effect is obtained in that a hybrid beam material of steel frame and wood, which is more reasonably high in fire resistance, can be constructed. That is, according to the hybrid beam material of the steel frame and wood of the present invention, since the T-shaped steel frame 10 is used, compared with the case of configuring the hybrid beam material of the steel frame and wood using the conventional H-shaped steel, the lower side As compared with the conventional surrounding wood part which is formed to cover the lower flange, the surrounding wood part 50 according to the present invention has a simpler form. Since the enclosing wood part 50 has a sufficient thickness and suitably covers the vertical plate part 20 due to the lack of the lower flange portion, the fire resistance can be improved.

In other words, in the event of a fire, the beams are easily damaged by being roasted by the flame, especially at the lower corners. Easy to deform when exposed. On the other hand, in the hybrid beam material of the steel frame and wood according to the present invention, the surface of the enclosing wood portion 50 is damaged, but the T-shaped steel frame 10 including the internal vertical plate portion 20 is damaged in the case of H-section steel. In comparison, it is more rationally protected by the enclosing wooden part 50 and is less likely to be damaged, and the structural strength of the building can be maintained. In addition, in the case of H-section steel, the heat of a fire is easily transmitted to the lower flange, which easily causes damage. Therefore, according to the hybrid beam material of the steel frame and wood using the T-shaped steel frame according to the present invention, it is possible to realize a building with a long span and a large space by the steel frame structure with the T-shaped steel frame, and to improve the fire resistance. can.

In addition, as a method for manufacturing the T-shaped steel frame 10 according to the present invention, as described later, the steel plates that constitute the vertical plate portion 20 and the horizontal plate portion 30 are fixed and integrated without rolling or welding. can be used. However, as the T-shaped steel frame 10, the conventional manufacturing method of T-shaped steel is not excluded, and it is a matter of course that the T-shaped steel frame 10 can be manufactured by rolling or welding.

In addition, according to the T-shaped steel frame 10 of this embodiment, the plate thickness of the vertical plate portion 20 (web) is set thicker than that of the H-shaped steel. According to this T-shaped steel frame 10, although it is T-shaped and has a simpler form than the H-shaped steel, it is possible to appropriately obtain the strength to receive a vertical load (longitudinal load). For example, a steel plate with a thickness of 25 mm or 28 mm can be used as the vertical plate portion 20 of the T-shaped steel frame 10 of this embodiment, and a steel plate with a thickness of 9 mm or 12 mm can be used as the horizontal plate portion 30. can.

In addition, in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 9, the enclosing wood portion 50 is provided in two layers, an inner wood layer 51 and an outer wood layer 52 . According to this, the fire resistance performance can be enhanced, and the outer wooden layer 52 can be appropriately replaced.

Furthermore, in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 9, the fire resistance is further improved by interposing the noncombustible material layer 53 in the enclosing wooden portion 50 . That is, the surrounding wood part 50 is provided in two layers, an inner wood layer 51 and an outer wood layer 52, and an incombustible material layer 53 is arranged between the inner wood layer 51 and the outer wood layer 52. intervened. The noncombustible material layer 53 of this embodiment is a plate-shaped member (mortar plate) formed of mortar, and is provided in a form of being fitted in a concave portion or a groove portion formed in the inner wooden layer 51 . Although a mortar plate is used as the incombustible material layer 53 in this embodiment, the material is not limited to this, and it is a matter of course that a highly incombustible material can be selectively used as appropriate. In addition, by using laminated lumber with little warp or warp as the enclosing lumber portion 50, a hybrid beam of steel frame and lumber can be constructed more appropriately.

1 and 9, the method of fixing the enclosing wooden portion 50 to the T-shaped steel frame 10 and the method of incorporating the enclosing wooden portion 50 including the incombustible material layer 53 are as shown in FIGS. It goes without saying that fastening means such as 13 and washers 14, fixing means and joining means such as wood screws 55, nails, and adhesives, and an assembly form utilizing unevenness and grooves can be used appropriately and selectively. The outer wooden layer 52 also functions as a decorative board, and in this embodiment, it can be replaced as appropriate by using wood screws 55 .

In the example of FIG. 1, an inner wooden layer 51 is fitted into the T-shaped steel frame 10 and fixed by a fastening member composed of bolts 12, nuts 13 and washers 14, and a noncombustible material layer 53 is fitted. The inner wood layer 52 is temporarily fixed with an adhesive by a wood screw 55 so that the noncombustible material layer 53 side of the outer wood layer 52 contacts the outer surface of the inner wood layer 51 and is interposed between them. 51. The vertical plate portion 20 of the T-shaped steel frame 10 is provided with bolt holes 25 through which the bolts 12 can be inserted, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, at appropriate intervals.

In addition, in the T-shaped steel frame 10 that can be used for the hybrid beam material of the steel frame and wood according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. The center is formed in an arch shape that curves upwards. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the center of the upper edge of the T-shaped steel frame 10 (Y point) has an arch shape that curves (bulges) upward. In this embodiment, the longitudinal center of the lower edge of the vertical plate portion 20 (the point on the lower edge just below the Y point) is formed in an arch shape that curves upwards. Therefore, in this embodiment, the width of the vertical plate portion 20 in the vertical direction is the same over the entire length of the vertical plate portion 20 in the longitudinal direction. Note that the vertical load can be appropriately received even if the lower edge of the vertical plate portion 20 is provided flat in the longitudinal direction without being limited to this.

For example, if the length from point X to point X' is 6000 mm, the distance from the line to point Y, which bulges upward, can be set to about 10 mm. According to this, the vertical load applied to the T-shaped steel frame 10 can be appropriately received, and the deflection caused by the vertical load causes the upper surface of the T-shaped steel frame 10 and, in this embodiment, the lower surface (of the vertical plate portion 20). bottom edge) can be adjusted to be flattened. 2 and 3 omit the illustration of the bolt holes 25 used for fixing the enclosing wood portion 50 to the T-shaped steel frame 10, but as shown in FIG. It is needless to say that the interval and quantity can be appropriately and selectively set according to the specifications.

Further, in the T-shaped steel frame 10 that can be used for the hybrid beam material of the steel frame and wood of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. , are provided in the longitudinal direction of the T-shaped steel frame 10 .

Note that, according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the through hole 21 for weight reduction is provided in a shape having rounded corners based on an equilateral triangle. According to this configuration, stress concentration due to the angular notch can be avoided, and since the truss structure is used, a vertical load can be rationally received. That is, the shape is such that the structural strength can be maintained and the weight can be appropriately reduced.

Further, as the T-shaped steel frame 10 for the beam material according to the present invention, as shown in FIGS. The vertical plate portion 20 and the horizontal plate portion 30 are fixed by fitting a plurality of tenons 23 provided on the upper edge side of the vertical plate portion 20 so as to correspond to the mortise holes 31. can be adopted. The tenon 23 and the mortise hole 31 provided in the steel material (the vertical plate portion 20 and the horizontal plate portion 30) can be appropriately formed by known cutting means such as plasma cutting, for example.

According to this, since the tenon 23 is fitted in the mortise hole 31, the vertical plate portion 20 and the horizontal plate portion 30 are mutually regulated in the longitudinal direction and the horizontal direction. 30 can be appropriately integrated. If the tenon 23 is simply fitted into the mortise hole 31, it will detach in the vertical direction, so means for preventing detachment as will be described later is required. It is of course possible to selectively use fixing means such as screwing, caulking, brazing, and welding as appropriate.

In the T-shaped steel frame for the beam material of this embodiment, the tenon 23 has a protruding portion 23a that penetrates the mortise hole 31 and protrudes from the upper surface of the horizontal plate portion 30, and the protruding portion 23a of the tenon 23 has a slit. An insertion hole 24 for fixing is provided which is opened in a shape, and is inserted into the insertion hole 24 for fixing and positioned above the horizontal plate portion 30 arranged on the upper edge side of the vertical plate portion 20 . A fixing member 40 is provided to fix the horizontal plate portion 30 so that it does not separate from the vertical plate portion 20 when fixed.

According to this, the T-shaped steel frame 10 for the beam material can be constructed without using a manufacturing method that requires a large amount of energy, such as rolling and welding, so that the environmental load is small, and heat is not applied, so deformation without needing to modify the deformation. For this reason, there is an advantage that various specifications of the T-shaped steel frame 10 for beam members can be easily met, and the optimal form can be easily manufactured.

As shown in FIG. 7, the specific shape of this embodiment is such that the mortise 31 of the horizontal plate portion 30 corresponds to the tenon 23 corresponding to the convex portion of the uneven portion formed on the upper edge of the vertical plate portion 20. It is provided in a long and narrow rectangular slit shape (long hole shape) with a width that fits the thickness of the vertical plate portion 20 . In addition, the tenon 23 corresponding to the convex portion of the vertical plate portion 20 of this embodiment has a protrusion portion 23a which cuts through the mortise hole 31 and protrudes toward the upper surface side of the horizontal plate portion 30, and is continuous and integral in a rectangular shape. is provided. The fixing insertion hole 24 is formed in a rectangular slit shape (long hole shape) so that the rectangular plate-like fixing member 40 is inserted. The form of the tenon 23, the mortise hole 31, the fixing insertion hole 24, and the fixing member 40 is not limited to a rectangular shape as in the present embodiment, but may be any suitable fitting relationship. For example, it may be an oval fitting shape with rounded corners.

An upper edge surface corresponding to the bottom surface of the unevenness formed so that the tenon 23 is provided on the upper edge of the vertical plate portion 20 receives and supports the horizontal plate portion 30 fitted in the tenon 23 . The insertion hole 24 for fixing provided in the protruding portion 23 a is provided in a portion on the side protruding from the receiving edge surface 22 by an interval corresponding to the thickness of the lateral plate portion 30 . In this embodiment, the horizontal plate portion 30 and the fixing member 40 are provided in the horizontal plate portion 30 at symmetrical positions with respect to the center in the width direction (left and right), and a pair of fastening holes 32; Using a pair of fastening holes 42 provided in the fixing member 40 corresponding to the pair of fastening holes 32, the plates are joined together by a pair of fastening members 45 (bolts and nuts in this embodiment). fixed in form. According to this, it is possible to prevent the vertical plate portion 20 and the horizontal plate portion 30 from separating from each other in the vertical direction. The vertical plate portion 20 and the horizontal plate portion 30 can be rationally fixed.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a rectangular plate-shaped fixing member 40 is provided in a form relatively long in the left and right direction, and the insertion hole 24 for fixing the vertical plate portion 20 is provided. The interval between a pair of fastening members 45 (bolts and nuts in this embodiment) arranged symmetrically with respect to the center position of the portion inserted through the fixing member 40 is set relatively long enough to allow the bending of the fixing member 40. It is According to this, the fitting relationship between the vertical plate portion 20 and the horizontal plate portion 30 by the tenon 23 and the mortise hole 31, and the horizontal plate portion 30 and the fixing inserted so as to be positioned above the horizontal plate portion 30 In the fitting relationship and positional relationship with the fixing member 40, it cannot be easily assembled without a slight play (play). designed to be stable. That is, when a vertical load (vertical load) is applied from above the building, the fixing member 40 bends, causing the horizontal plate portion 30 to be pressed against the above-described receiving edge surface 22 of the vertical plate portion 20. Thus, the T-shaped steel frame 10 in which the horizontal plate portion 30 and the vertical plate portion 20 are integrated can be in a structurally stable state.

By using the T-shaped steel frame 10 for beam material shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, a hybrid beam material of steel frame and wood can be constructed as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, compared to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the projecting portion 23a, the fixing member 40, and the fastening member 45 are added to the upper surface side of the horizontal plate portion 30. Although laid out, these configurations can be integrated with the floor slab 60 (FIG. 10), for example by being part of the construction of the floor slab 60 (FIG. 10). Therefore, it acts to increase the strength structurally, and there is no demerit. 9 and 10 of the enclosing wooden portion 50 has a halved structure in which the inner wooden layer 51 is divided into left and right, and the inner stepped portion of the inner wooden layer 51 is provided with a vertical plate. The portion 20 is adapted to fit therein, and the configuration is such that the manufacturing cost of the inner wood layer 51 can be reduced.

Furthermore, in the hybrid beam material of the steel frame and wood of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10, a plurality of stud dowels 61 are fixed to the upper surface of the horizontal plate portion 30 (the flange of the T-shaped steel frame 10). Since the stud dowels 61 can be provided in this way, the floor slab 60 can be properly constructed. As a result, a building with high structural strength can be constructed appropriately.

That is, by fixing the deck plate 62 to the upper surface of the horizontal plate portion 30 of the hybrid beam material of the steel frame and wood of this embodiment, the deck plate 62 can be arranged between the beams, and the horizontal plate portion 30 A stud dowel 61 provided on the upper surface of the steel bar 63 can be used to appropriately arrange the reinforcing bar 63 . As a result, the concrete 65 can be cast appropriately to properly construct the floor slab 60, and a building with high structural strength can be appropriately constructed.

Although the present invention has been described in various ways with preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and many modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. It's about.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 10 T-shaped steel frame 11 Attachment hole to steel frame column 12 Bolt 13 Nut 14 Washer 20 Vertical plate portion 21 Through hole for weight reduction 22 Receiving surface 23 Mortise 23a Protruding portion 24 Insertion hole for fixing 25 Bolt hole 30 Horizontal plate Part 31 Mortise 32 Fastening hole 40 Fixing member 42 Fastening hole 45 Fastening member 50 Surrounding wood part 51 Inner wood layer 52 Outer wood layer 53 Incombustible material layer 55 Wood screw 60 Floor slab 61 Stud dowel 62 Deck plate 63 Rebar 65 Concrete

Claims (7)

It is a long flat plate-shaped steel material that forms the core of the beam material and has a longitudinally long cross-sectional shape that forms a web, and a long flat steel material that forms the upper surface of the beam material. A T-shaped steel frame for a beam member having a T-shaped cross section formed by a lateral plate portion having a long cross-sectional shape so as to form a flange,
A plurality of mortises provided with slit-like openings in the horizontal plate portion at intervals in the longitudinal direction, and a plurality of tenons provided on the upper edge side of the vertical plate portion corresponding to the mortises. A T-shaped steel frame for a beam material, wherein the vertical plate portion and the horizontal plate portion are fixed by being fitted. The tenon has a protruding portion that penetrates the mortise hole and protrudes from the upper surface of the horizontal plate portion, and the protruding portion of the tenon is provided with an insertion hole for fixing that is opened in a slit shape, and the fixing is performed. The horizontal plate portion is inserted through the insertion hole and fixed above the horizontal plate portion arranged on the upper edge side of the vertical plate portion so that the horizontal plate portion is fixed so as not to separate from the vertical plate portion. 2. The T-shaped steel frame for beam members according to claim 1, further comprising a fixing member. 3. The T-shaped steel frame for beam material according to claim 1, wherein the center of the longitudinal direction of the upper edge of the vertical plate portion is formed in the shape of an arch that curves upward. The beam according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a plurality of weight reduction through holes for reducing weight are provided in the vertical plate portion in the longitudinal direction of the T-shaped steel frame. T-shaped steel frame for lumber. The T-shaped steel frame for beam members according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a plurality of stud dowels are fixed to the upper surface of the horizontal plate portion. A steel frame and wood hybrid beam material using the T-shaped steel frame for beam material according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
An enclosing wooden part provided to cover and enclose the vertical plate part, which is a part of the T-shaped steel frame excluding both ends in the longitudinal direction and the upper surface side of the horizontal plate part. Hybrid beam material of steel frame and wood. The surrounding wood part is provided in two layers, an inner wood layer and an outer wood layer, and a noncombustible material layer is arranged between the inner wood layer and the outer wood layer. The hybrid beam material of steel frame and wood according to claim 6.

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