JP2023017190A - pavement structure - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a pavement structure having countermeasures against heat by keeping a road surface in a wet state.SOLUTION: A pavement structure has, at least, a wet surface layer 3 forming a road surface and having pumping property and water permeability, a capillary water holding layer 32 provided under the wet surface layer, having the pumping property and water permeability and capable of holding capillary water, a pumping member 7 provided inside the capillary water holding layer and capable of supplying moisture to the wet surface layer by a capillary phenomenon, and an impervious member 42 provided on a bottom face and/or side faces of the capillary water holding layer. In a rainfall, rain water is led to the capillary water holding layer and held therein. In a fine weather, the capillary water can be supplied to the wet surface layer by the capillary water holding layer and the pumping member, by the capillary phenomenon. The pumping member has a larger pumping speed than the capillary water holding layer.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a pavement structure capable of keeping a road surface in a wet state and being able to cope with heat.

Conventionally, there is wet pavement, in which fine particles are filled in the voids of porous asphalt pavement, and the capillary action of water supplied to the underside of the pavement keeps the road surface moist and suppresses the rise in road surface temperature as the water evaporates. . There is also a permeable pavement that allows rainwater to permeate into the roadbed and roadbed through the gaps in the porous asphalt pavement. And these differ from each other in pavement structure and function.

Several inventions have been disclosed that attempt to composite wet pavement and permeable pavement, which have different pavement structures and functions, as described above. For example, as shown in FIG. 1 of the document, Patent Document 1 discloses a water-retentive pavement made of open-grained asphalt on one side and a water-retentive pavement in which the voids of the open-grained asphalt are filled with water-retentive cement milk. , discloses an invention having a common lower layer structure, a base layer mixed with soil cement, a water-retaining support pillar in the lower layer, and a water-impermeable layer in the lowest layer.

Further, in Patent Document 2, as shown in FIG. 1 of the document, an invention in which a water retention area and a water permeability area are formed in a surface layer, a water retention diffusion layer is formed in the lower layer of the surface layer, and a roadbed is formed in the lower layer. is disclosed.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-166207 JP 2012-207433 A

However, although the conventional pavement structure as described above has both a region having a water retention function and a region having a water permeability function in the surface layer, it allows rainwater to quickly permeate below the surface layer during rainfall, Sometimes it was not possible to quickly pump up the water retained below the surface. In addition, there is also the problem that the amount of rainwater stored is by no means sufficient, and the heat mitigation effect of wet pavement cannot be obtained continuously.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a pavement structure capable of keeping a road surface in a wet state and thus capable of coping with heat.

The invention according to (1) includes a wet surface layer that forms a road surface and has water pumping and water permeability, and a wet surface layer that is provided below the wet surface layer and has water pumping and water permeability and is capable of retaining capillary water. a capillary water retention layer; a pumping member provided inside the capillary water retention layer and capable of supplying water to the wet surface layer by capillary action; and a bottom surface and/or side surface of the capillary water retention layer. and a water impermeable member, which permeates and retains rainwater in the capillary water retention layer through the wet surface layer during rainfall, and in fine weather, the capillary water is retained by the capillary water retention layer and the water pumping member due to capillary action. A pavement structure capable of supplying water to the wet surface layer, wherein the pumping member has a pumping speed higher than that of the capillary water retaining layer.

According to the invention according to the above (1), rainwater permeates and is retained in the capillary water retention layer through the wet surface layer during rainfall, and is supplied to the wet surface layer by the capillary water retention layer and the pumping member due to capillary action during fine weather. It is possible to As a result, it is possible to continuously obtain the cooling effect of the wet pavement even in fine weather by using the rainwater retained in the capillary water retention layer. Furthermore, by providing a pumping member having a higher water pumping speed than the capillary water retaining layer inside the capillary water retaining layer, it is possible to quickly supply water to the wet surface layer, thereby pumping up the capillary water retaining layer itself. effect can be enhanced.

In the invention according to (2), the water pumping member comprises a hollow portion extending in a substantially vertical direction, and a water pumping wall formed around the hollow portion and capable of pumping water by capillary action. is the pavement structure described in .

According to the invention of (2) above, the pumping member comprises a hollow portion extending in a substantially vertical direction and a pumping wall formed around the hollow portion and capable of pumping water by capillary action. By providing it inside the layer, it is possible to quickly permeate and retain rainwater in the capillary water retention layer through the hollow portion when it rains. On the other hand, when the weather is fine, the pumping wall on the side of the hollow portion dries, so rainwater remaining below the hollow portion and moisture retained in the capillary water retention layer are quickly pumped up. In addition, since the pumping wall of the pumping member has a higher pumping speed than the capillary water retaining layer, it is possible to quickly supply water to the wet surface layer, thereby promoting the pumping effect of the capillary water retaining layer itself. It is possible.

In the invention according to (3), a reservoir layer having a higher water retention rate than the capillary water retention layer is provided below the capillary water retention layer, and the water pumping member extends to the inside of the reservoir layer. (1) or a pavement structure according to (2).

According to the invention according to the above (3), a reservoir layer having a higher water retention rate than the capillary water retention layer is provided below the capillary water retention layer, and the water pumping member is extended to the inside of the reservoir layer. More rainwater can be stored in the reservoir, and the water pumping member can quickly and continuously supply water to the wet surface layer.

The invention according to (4) has a connection portion connected to the capillary water retention layer, and the capillary water retention layer is capable of conducting water from the outside through the connection portion of (1) or ( 2) is the pavement structure described in .

The invention according to (5) is the pavement structure according to (3) above, which has a connection portion connected to the reservoir, and the reservoir can conduct water from the outside through the connection portion. be.

According to the above inventions (4) and (5), water can be introduced from the outside to the capillary water retention layer or reservoir provided below the wet surface layer through the connecting portion, so that even when the weather is fine, Also, it is possible to stably supply moisture for a longer period of time, and it is possible to continuously obtain the cooling effect of the wet pavement.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is sectional drawing which showed 1st Embodiment of the pavement structure of this invention, Comprising: (a) is sectional drawing which showed each structure, (b) is sectional drawing which showed the aspect at the time of rainfall. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is sectional drawing which showed 1st Embodiment of the pavement structure of this invention, Comprising: (c) is sectional drawing which showed the aspect at the time of fine weather. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the pavement structure of the present invention, where (a) is a cross-sectional view showing each configuration, and (b) is a cross-sectional view showing a state during rainfall. It is sectional drawing which showed 2nd Embodiment of the pavement structure of this invention, Comprising: (c) is sectional drawing which showed the aspect at the time of fine weather. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of the pavement structure of the present invention, where (a) is a cross-sectional view showing each configuration, and (b) is a cross-sectional view showing a state during rainfall. It is sectional drawing which showed 3rd Embodiment of the pavement structure of this invention, Comprising: (c) is sectional drawing which showed the aspect at the time of fine weather. FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view explaining step by step how the pavement structure according to the third embodiment of the present invention behaves when it rains. FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining step by step the mode during fine weather in the third embodiment of the pavement structure of the present invention. It is a cross-sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the pavement structure of the present invention, (a) is a cross-sectional view showing each configuration, (b) is a cross-sectional view showing a state at the time of rain, (c) is fine weather It is a sectional view showing a mode of time. Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a fifth embodiment of the pavement structure of the present invention, where (a) is a cross-sectional view showing each configuration, (b) is a cross-sectional view showing a state at the time of rain, and (c) is fine weather It is a sectional view showing a mode of time. It is a cross-sectional view showing a sixth embodiment of the pavement structure of the present invention, (a) is a cross-sectional view showing each configuration, (b) is a cross-sectional view showing a state at the time of rain, (c) is fine weather It is a sectional view showing a mode of time. It is a cross-sectional view showing a seventh embodiment of the pavement structure of the present invention, (a) is a cross-sectional view showing each configuration, (b) is a cross-sectional view showing the state at the time of rain, (c) is fine weather It is a sectional view showing a mode of time. It is a cross-sectional view showing an eighth embodiment of the pavement structure of the present invention, (a) is a cross-sectional view showing each configuration, (b) is a cross-sectional view showing the state at the time of rain, (c) is fine weather It is a sectional view showing a mode of time. It is a cross-sectional view showing a ninth embodiment of the pavement structure of the present invention, (a) is a cross-sectional view showing each configuration, (b) is a cross-sectional view showing a state at the time of rain, (c) is fine weather It is a sectional view showing a mode of time. It is sectional drawing which showed 10th Embodiment of the pavement structure of this invention, Comprising: (a) is a cross-sectional view which showed each structure, (b) is a horizontal sectional view. FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing an eleventh embodiment of the pavement structure of the present invention; FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a twelfth embodiment of the pavement structure of the present invention, where (a) is a cross-sectional view showing the state during rainfall, and (b) is a cross-sectional view showing the state during fine weather. 13A is a cross-sectional view showing a thirteenth embodiment of the pavement structure of the present invention, where (a) is a cross-sectional view showing the state during rainfall, and (b) is a cross-sectional view showing the state during fine weather.

Hereinafter, each embodiment of the pavement structure of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
As standard sectional views showing the first embodiment of the pavement structure of the present invention, FIG. 1(a) is a sectional view showing each configuration of the pavement structure 1, and FIG. A cross-sectional view showing a mode is shown in FIG. 2(c), and a cross-sectional view showing a mode in fine weather is shown.

Specifically, the pavement structure 1 in the first embodiment includes a wet surface layer 3 that forms a road surface and has water pumping and permeability, and a wet surface layer 3 that is provided below the wet surface layer 3 and is capable of retaining capillary water. It comprises a capillary water retention layer 32 and a pumping member 7 which is provided in the capillary water retention layer 32 in a substantially vertical direction and is capable of supplying moisture to the wet surface layer 3 by capillary action. A waterproof sheet 42 is provided as a waterproof member on the bottom and side surfaces of the layer 32 .

When it rains, as shown in FIG. 1(b), rainwater permeates and retains in the capillary water retention layer 32 through the wet surface layer 3, and when it is fine weather, as shown in FIG. The capillary water retention layer 32 and the pumping member 7 allow the capillary water retained by the capillary water retention layer 32 to be supplied to the wet surface layer 3 .

As the wet surface layer 3, known water-holding pavement, pumping pavement, etc. can be applied, but it is essential that the wet surface layer 3 has pumping and water permeability. That is, a pavement material that can pump up water from the lower surface of the wet surface layer 3 in fine weather and allow rainwater to permeate and permeate below the wet surface layer 3 in rainfall can be suitably used.

Regarding water-retaining pavement, water-retaining pavement containing a large amount of water-retaining material and open-grained asphalt pavement filled with cement milk to which water-retaining material is added have very low water permeability. Therefore, when such a water-retentive pavement is used as the wet surface layer 3, it is possible to use it by partially forming continuous voids or drilling through holes. Moreover, the base material of the wet surface layer 3 is not particularly limited, and pavement blocks, porous asphalt, porous concrete, etc. can be used as appropriate.

Further, as the capillary water retention layer 32, it is possible to use sand or sandbags having water pumping and water permeability. and supply moisture to the wet surface layer 3. With such a structure, the capillary water retaining layer 32 functions as a supporting roadbed for the wet surface layer 3, permeates and retains rainwater when it rains, and pumps up the retained water to the wet surface layer 3 when the weather is fine. and can be supplied. Note that the capillary water retention layer 32 is not limited to sand, and any fine-grained material having the same particle size distribution and having water pumping and water permeability can be used as appropriate.

In addition, a water-impervious sheet 42 is installed as a water-impervious member on the bottom and side surfaces of the capillary water-retaining layer 32, so that the water retained in the capillary water-retaining layer 32 is removed from the roadbed and other layers other than the capillary water-retaining layer 32. Prevents permeation and outflow. The impermeable sheet 42 may be provided on either the bottom surface or the side surface of the capillary water retention layer 32 .

The water pumping member 7 in this embodiment is installed substantially vertically inside the capillary water retention layer 32, and is a member capable of pumping up water by capillary action. In the first embodiment, it is possible to use a water-conducting sheet with particularly excellent water pumping performance, and it becomes possible to quickly pump water permeated and retained in the capillary water retention layer 32 to the wet surface layer 3 above. . In addition, since the water pumping member 7 has a higher water pumping speed than the capillary water retaining layer 32, it is possible to quickly supply water to the wet surface layer 3, and the effect of promoting the water pumping of the capillary water retaining layer 32 itself is obtained. be able to.

(Second embodiment)
As cross-sectional views showing the second embodiment of the pavement structure of the present invention, FIG. 3(a) is a cross-sectional view showing each configuration of the pavement structure 1, and FIG. 3(b) shows a state during rainfall. FIG. 4(c) shows a cross-sectional view showing a state in fine weather. Below, the configuration common to the above-described first embodiment will be omitted and described.

The pumping member 7 in the second embodiment is a member comprising a hollow portion 71 extending in a substantially vertical direction and a pumping wall 72 formed around the hollow portion 71 and capable of pumping water by capillary action. It has become. The water pumping member 7 of this embodiment is made of ceramic, and the water pumping wall 72 is formed with fine continuous voids capable of quickly pumping water upward by capillary action. The shape of the water pumping member 7 is not particularly limited, and may be cylindrical or prismatic. In addition, the pumping member 7 is not limited to be made of ceramic, and the pumping wall 72 may be a fiber tube made of a fiber material capable of quickly pumping water upward by capillary action.

When it rains, as shown in FIG. 3B, the rainwater permeating through the wet surface layer 3 is directly permeated and retained in the capillary water retention layer 32, and also quickly passes through the hollow portion 71 of the water pumping member 7 to cause capillary water to flow. It is possible to permeate and hold the holding layer 32 below. It is preferable to provide a water permeable screen or filter at least at the upper end of the hollow portion 71 so that the constituent materials of the capillary water retention layer 32 and foreign matter do not enter the hollow portion 71 of the water pumping member 7 .

Alternatively, the hollow portion 71 may be filled with single crushed stone or the like to the extent that the passage of water is not hindered. In addition, in the illustrated embodiment, the upper end of the water lifting member 7 and the lower surface of the wet surface layer 3 are separated from each other so that the traffic load is not directly applied to the water lifting member 7, but the wet surface layer 3 and the water lifting member 7 Depending on the physical properties of the wet surface layer 3, the upper end of the water lifting member 7 may be placed in contact with the lower surface of the wet surface layer 3.

In fine weather, as shown in FIG. 4(c), it is possible to supply capillary water to the wet surface layer 3 by the capillary water retention layer 32 and the water pumping member 7 due to capillary action. In particular, due to the presence of the hollow portion 71 of the water pumping member 7 , it is possible to quickly and efficiently pump water from below the capillary water retention layer 32 . In addition, since the pumping wall 72 of the pumping member 7 has a higher pumping speed than the capillary water retaining layer 32, it is possible to quickly supply water to the wet surface layer 3, thereby pumping up the capillary water retaining layer 32 itself. It is also possible to promote the effect.

(Third embodiment)
As cross-sectional views showing a third embodiment of the pavement structure of the present invention, FIG. 5(a) is a cross-sectional view showing each configuration of the pavement structure 1, and FIG. 5(b) shows a state during rainfall. FIG. 6(c) shows a cross-sectional view showing a state in fine weather. Below, the configuration common to the above-described first and second embodiments will be omitted and described.

In the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5(a), a water conveying layer 31 having a water pumping rate higher than that of a capillary water retaining layer 32 is provided between the pumping member 7 and the wet surface layer 3, and furthermore, a capillary water Below the water retention layer 32, a reservoir layer 33 capable of storing water such as rainwater is provided. The water-conducting layer 31 can be made of a material having continuous voids such as sand, or a water-conducting sheet. becomes possible.

Further, the reservoir layer 33 can be a layer made of single crushed stone or the like, and has a higher water retention rate than the capillary water retention layer 32 . The water pumping member 7 is provided extending to the inside of the reservoir 33 . With such a configuration, as shown in FIG. 6(c), more rainwater can be stored in the storage layer 33, and the water pumping member 7 quickly and continuously supplies water to the wet surface layer 3. can be supplied.

FIGS. 7 and 8 show, step by step, how water moves via the water lifting member 7 in the second and third embodiments described above. That is, as shown in FIG. 7, the rainwater permeating the wet surface layer 3 due to rainfall is directly permeated and retained in the capillary water retention layer 32, and the hollow portion 71 of the water pumping member 7 is temporarily filled with rainwater, It is possible to quickly permeate and retain the water below the capillary water retention layer 32 . As time elapses, rainwater is retained from the pumping member 7 below the reservoir layer 33 and the capillary water retention layer 32 . As a result, rainwater can be quickly retained in the capillary water retention layer 32 and the reservoir layer 33 during rainfall.

When the weather is fine, as shown in FIG. 8, the pumping wall 72 on the side of the hollow portion 71 dries, and the water retained in the reservoir layer 33 and the capillary water retention layer 32 is pumped up by capillary action. The pumping wall 72 of the pumping member 7 has a higher pumping speed than the capillary water retaining layer 32 and thus promotes the pumping effect of the capillary water retaining layer 32 itself to transfer water to the wet surface layer 3 in the manner shown. can be supplied

(Fourth embodiment)
As cross-sectional views showing a fourth embodiment of the pavement structure of the present invention, FIG. 9(a) is a cross-sectional view showing each configuration of the pavement structure 1, and FIG. 9(b) shows a state during rainfall. FIG. 9(c) shows a cross-sectional view showing a state in fine weather. Below, the configuration common to the above-described first to third embodiments will be omitted and described.

As shown in FIG. 9(a), a permeable surface layer 2 forming a road surface is provided adjacent to the wet surface layer 3 of the first to third embodiments described above, and a permeable surface layer 2 is provided below the permeable surface layer 2. A permeable sub-base layer 21 capable of retaining permeated water is formed. Furthermore, the permeable sub-base layer 21 is connected to the capillary water retaining layer 32 via the connecting part, so that the water stored in the permeable sub-base layer 21 can be conducted to the capillary water retaining layer 32 via the connecting part. It is configured. For the permeable surface layer 2, open-grained asphalt pavement can be suitably used, but any known pavement material can be appropriately used as long as it has a permeable function.

The permeable sub-base layer 21 of the present embodiment has a thickness of 250 mm, and is made by spreading crushed stone with a particle size of 50 to 150 mm and No. 5 crushed stone (particle size of 13 to 20 mm) as a filling material evenly. . In addition, the permeable sub-base layer 21 is partly configured as described above, so that the water permeating through the permeable surface layer 2 can be stored in the permeable sub-base layer 21 . In addition, the constituent material of the permeable sub-base layer 21 is not necessarily limited to the particle size described above, and the particle size can be appropriately adjusted as long as the particle size allows the rainwater permeating the permeable surface layer 2 due to rainfall to smoothly permeate and be stored. It is possible to

As shown in FIG. 9(a), the permeable sub-base layer 21 and the capillary water retention layer 32 are connected via a connecting portion, and the water stored in the permeable sub-base layer 21 is discharged via the connecting portion. It is possible to conduct water to the capillary water retention layer 32 . In this embodiment, water can be conveyed through a water-permeable sheet 60 .

It should be noted that the screen is not necessarily limited to a sheet-like one, and a water-permeable screen made of nylon, plastic, metal, or the like may be installed. Further, when sandbags are used for the capillary water retention layer 32, the shape of the capillary water retention layer 32 can be easily maintained and the outflow of sand can be suppressed, so the sheet 60 is not necessarily required.

Next, functions of the pavement structure of this embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 9(b), rainwater permeates the permeable surface layer 2 and permeates the permeable sub-base layer 21 while being stored in the gaps of the roadbed material. The stored rainwater gradually permeates into the roadbed as indicated by the dashed arrows in the figure, and functions as a permeable pavement. On the other hand, the rainwater stored in the permeable sub-base layer 21 is guided to the capillary water retention layer 32 through the connecting portion and is retained in the capillary water retention layer 32 .

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, a rainwater drainage pipe 6 is provided to connect the capillary water retention layer 32 and a rainwater drainage facility (not shown). When the amount of water retained by the capillary water retention layer 32 is exceeded due to the inflow, it is possible to drain the water through the rainwater drainage pipe 6 .

Then, as shown in FIG. 9(c), when the weather is fine, the rainwater stored in the permeable roadbed layer 21 is used to carry the water retained in the capillary water retention layer 32 upward by capillary action, and the wet surface layer 3 can be supplied with water.

With the configuration of the present embodiment as described above, rainwater during rainfall permeates into the roadbed and exhibits its original function as a permeable pavement, and the stored rainwater is used to continuously operate even in fine weather. It is possible to obtain the cooling effect of wet pavement. In particular, as described above, the permeable pavement of the present embodiment is capable of storing rainwater while permeating it into the roadbed, so that the storage capacity of the permeable roadbed layer 21 is sufficiently increased by the time of the next rainfall. It is possible to secure it for a long period of time, and it is possible to make it function effectively against the heavy rains that have occurred frequently in recent years. In addition, in the pavement structure of the present embodiment, both the wet pavement area and the permeable pavement area are formed with the capillary water retention layer 32 and the permeable sub-base layer 21 after the roadbed is constructed respectively. That is, since it has a cross-sectional structure that includes a roadbed and a roadbed that are equivalent to ordinary roads, it is possible for vehicles to pass on the paved surface sufficiently.

In the present embodiment, a water impermeable sheet 42 is installed on a part of the bottom surface of the permeable sub-base layer 21 to prevent water stored in the permeable sub-base layer 21 from penetrating into the roadbed. and a water-permeable area in which a water-permeable sheet 41 is installed to allow the water stored in the water-permeable roadbed layer 21 to permeate into the roadbed.

With such a configuration, as shown in FIG. 9B, it is possible to limit the amount of rainwater that permeates from the permeable roadbed layer 21 to the roadbed, and the capillary water retention layer can be maintained for a longer period of time. 32, it becomes possible to supply the moist surface layer 3 with moisture. In addition, by setting the laying ratio of the impermeable sheet 42 and the permeable sheet 41 on the bottom surface of the permeable roadbed layer 21 according to the current permeability of the ground and the drainage design of the site, the amount of rainwater stored in the permeable roadbed layer 21 can be calculated. can be finely adjusted. In addition, by using the impermeable sheet 42 and the permeable sheet 41 together, rainwater to be guided to the pumping layer 31 is secured in the permeable roadbed layer 21 during fine weather, and part of the rainwater permeates into the roadbed during heavy rain. It is possible to prevent the road surface from being flooded. In addition, by installing the permeable sheet 41 in the permeable area, it is possible to effectively prevent the subgrade soil from penetrating into the permeable roadbed layer 21, and to suppress deterioration of the permeable function and water storage capacity over time.

(Fifth embodiment)
Next, FIG. 10 shows a modification of the above-described embodiment. Below, the configuration common to the above-described first to fourth embodiments will be omitted and described. That is, as shown in FIG. 10( a ), the connecting portion is provided with a water guiding member 50 capable of guiding water stored in the permeable sub-base layer 21 to the capillary water retaining layer 32 . One is connected to the capillary water retaining layer 32 or the reservoir layer 33, and the other is connected to the impermeable area of the permeable roadbed layer 21 (the area where the impermeable sheet 42 is installed in the drawing).

With such a configuration, for example, even if curbs, planting zones, etc. are constructed on the ground between the wet pavement area and the permeable pavement area, FIGS. As shown in c), water stored in the permeable sub-base layer 21 can be reliably conducted to the capillary water retention layer 32 via the installed water-conducting member 50 .

In this embodiment, a rigid vinyl pipe having an inner diameter of 40 mm is used as the water guiding member 50, but the pipe is not necessarily limited to such specifications. For example, according to the number of installation locations of the water conducting members 50, the area of the wet pavement area, the area of the permeable pavement area, etc., it is possible to make appropriate changes so as to secure the amount of water conduction necessary for the normal functioning of the wet pavement. be.

(Sixth embodiment)
Next, FIG. 11 shows a modification of the above-described embodiment. Below, the configuration common to the above-described first to fifth embodiments will be omitted and described. That is, as shown in FIG. 11( a ), the connecting portion is capable of guiding the water stored in the permeable sub-base layer 21 to the capillary water retaining layer 32 , and one of the connecting portions is connected to the capillary water retaining layer 32 . and a bottom water conducting member 51, the other of which is connected to the impermeable area of the permeable roadbed layer 21 (the area where the impermeable sheet 42 is installed), and the bottom water conducting member 51, which is provided above the bottom water conducting member 51 and one of which retains capillary water. An upper water guiding member 52 is provided which is connected to the layer 32 and the other is connected to the impermeable region of the permeable roadbed layer 21 (the region where the impermeable sheet 42 is installed in the drawing).

With such a configuration, for example, even if curbs, planting zones, etc. are constructed on the ground between the wet pavement area and the permeable pavement area, FIGS. As shown in c), the water stored in the permeable sub-base layer 21 can be reliably conducted to the capillary water retaining layer 32 via the installed bottom water conducting member 51 and upper water conducting member 52. .

Further, in addition to the bottom water conducting member 51, by providing the upper water conducting member 52 above it, a large amount of rainwater permeates the permeable roadbed layer 21, as can be seen from the state during rainfall shown in FIG. 11(b). When the rainwater is stored, the rainwater is also led to the capillary water retention layer 32 from the upper water guide member 52, so that the water can be quickly led to the capillary water retention layer 32. FIG.

In particular, when the amount of rainfall increases due to heavy rain or the like and the water permeation to the roadbed is not in time, the upper water guiding member 52 is used for the capillary water retention layer 32, and further the rainwater drainage pipe 6 through the capillary water retention layer 32. It is possible to drain rainwater to the permeable pavement area, and the permeable function of the permeable pavement area can be maintained satisfactorily.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11( a ), the water conveying cross-sectional area of the upper water conveying member 52 is made larger than the water conveying cross-sectional area of the bottom water conveying member 51 . With such a configuration, when a large amount of rainwater is stored in the permeable roadbed layer 21 due to heavy rain or the like, it is possible to quickly reduce the amount of rainwater stored in the permeable roadbed layer 21, and the permeable pavement area. It is possible to maintain the water permeability function of

(Seventh embodiment)
Next, FIGS. 12 and 13 show modifications of the above-described embodiment. Below, the configuration common to the above-described first to sixth embodiments will be omitted and described. That is, by forming an inclination on the bottom surface of the permeable sub-base layer 21 as shown in FIG. The height of the bottom surface of the permeable sub-base layer 21 in the impermeable area (installation area of the impermeable sheet 42 shown) is made lower than the height of the bottom surface of the permeable sub-base layer 21 in the permeable area (installation area of the impermeable sheet 41 shown). It consists of

With such a configuration, rainwater can be collected in the impermeable area (area where the impermeable sheet 42 is installed), and a predetermined amount of rainwater can be stored without permeating the roadbed. . As a result, even if there is no rainfall for a while, it is possible to reliably store a predetermined amount of rainwater and continuously supply water to the wet surface layer 3 .

(Eighth embodiment)
Next, FIG. 14 shows a modification of the above-described embodiment. Below, the configuration common to the above-described first to seventh embodiments will be omitted and described. That is, as shown in FIG. 14( a ), an inlet closing means 8 capable of closing the inlet of the upper water guiding member 52 is provided, and the upper water guiding member 52 is closed according to the amount of water stored in the permeable sub-base layer 21 . The inflow port is configured to be openable and closable.

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 14(a), a water permeable screen 81 is provided in order to form a predetermined space around the inlet of the upper water guiding member 52, and buoyancy is applied to the predetermined space. is installed.

Then, when the amount of water stored in the permeable sub-base layer 21 exceeds a predetermined amount due to rainfall or the like, the inlet closing means 8 moves upward as shown in FIG. is opened and the stored rainwater is led to the capillary water retention layer 32 .

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 14(c), when the amount of water stored in the permeable sub-base layer 21 becomes equal to or less than a predetermined amount, the inflow port blocking means 8 moves downward to close the inflow port of the upper water guiding member 52. is configured as follows.

By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to prevent the rainwater stored in the permeable sub-base layer 21 from being excessively guided to the capillary water retention layer 32, and the bottom water-conducting member 51 gradually reduces the necessary amount of rainwater. of moisture can be continuously supplied to the wet surface layer 3.

(Ninth embodiment)
Next, FIG. 15 shows a modification of the above embodiment, and FIG. 15(b) is a plan view of FIG. 13(a). Below, the configuration common to the above-described first to eighth embodiments will be omitted and described. That is, as shown in FIG. 15B, a plurality of bottom water conducting members 51 are provided at predetermined intervals, and a water treatment material capable of removing nutrient salts is provided inside the bottom water conducting members 51 . Kanto loam granules, oyster shells, magnesium, aluminum, limestone, activated carbon, wood carbide, zeolite, and the like can be used alone or in combination as water treatment materials. By adopting such a configuration, it becomes possible to purify the rainwater that permeates the permeable pavement area and is stored, and supplies it to the wet pavement area.

(Tenth embodiment)
Next, FIG. 16 shows a modification of the above-described embodiment. Below, the configuration common to the above-described first to ninth embodiments will be omitted and described. That is, it is possible to provide a water-conducting sheet 35 and a water supply pipe 34 capable of supplying water to the water-conducting sheet 35 under the wet surface layer 3 . With this configuration, even if rainwater stored in the permeable sub-base layer 21 or moisture retained in the capillary water retention layer 32 runs out due to continuous fine weather, tap water can be supplied to the water supply pipe 34. By supplying water to the water-conducting sheet 35 by supplying water such as water, it is possible to continuously function the wet pavement area.

Note that an observation well (not shown) may be provided in the permeable sub-base layer 21, and the water supply to the water supply pipe 34 may be controlled manually or automatically according to the amount of stored rainwater. With such a configuration, it is possible to efficiently use the stored rainwater to reduce the cost of water supply, while continuously maintaining the function of the wet pavement area.

Also, FIG. 16 shows an embodiment in which the permeable pavement area is a roadway and the wet pavement area is a sidewalk, etc. With such a configuration, it is possible to cool the road surface temperature of the sidewalk, etc. in fine weather. , pedestrians, pets, wheelchair users, etc. can obtain an effect as a countermeasure against heat. Note that the wet pavement area is not limited to the sidewalks described above, and can be applied to parks, building exteriors, parking lots, and the like.

(Eleventh embodiment)
As cross-sectional views showing the eleventh embodiment of the pavement structure of the present invention, FIG. 17(a) is a cross-sectional view showing the state during rain, and FIG. 17(b) is a cross-sectional view showing the state during fine weather. Each figure is illustrated. Below, the configuration common to the above-described first to tenth embodiments will be omitted and described.

As shown in FIG. 17( a ), below the wet surface layer 3 is provided a reservoir layer 33 in which a rainwater reservoir space is formed by a capillary water retention layer 32 and a concrete structure 9 . Furthermore, the water pumping member 7 is installed from the reservoir layer 33 to the capillary water retention layer 32, and around the boundary between the reservoir layer 33 and the capillary water retention layer 32 of the water pumping member 7, the water pumping member 7 is protected and the capillary water retention layer 32 is provided. Protective pipes or the like with screens are provided to prevent the sand of layer 32 from flowing into reservoir 33 .

When it rains, as shown in FIG. 17(a), the rainwater can be permeated and retained in the capillary water retention layer 32 via the wet surface layer 3, and further rainwater can be stored in the reservoir layer 33 via a protective pipe or the like. It is possible. As in the above-described embodiment, the upper water conducting member 52 and the bottom water conducting member 51 may be connected to the reservoir 33 to supply the rainwater stored in the permeable roadbed layer 21 of the permeable pavement area. In addition, when rainwater exceeds the permissible amount of rainwater stored in the reservoir 33 due to heavy rain or long rain, it may be drained through the rainwater drainage pipe 6 as shown in the figure.

Under fine weather, as shown in FIG. 17(b), due to capillary action, capillary water can be supplied to the wet surface layer 3 by the capillary water retention layer 32 and the water pumping member 7, and is stored in the reservoir layer 33. It is possible to continuously supply moisture to the wet surface layer 3 using the moisture obtained.

(12th embodiment)
As cross-sectional views showing the twelfth embodiment of the pavement structure of the present invention, FIG. Each figure is illustrated. Below, the configuration common to the above-described first to eleventh embodiments will be omitted and described.

As shown in FIG. 18( a ), a capillary water retention layer 32 is provided below the wet surface layer 3 . Furthermore, a plurality of water pumping members 7 are installed in the substantially vertical direction inside the capillary water retaining layer 32 . The water pumping member 7 in this embodiment is a rod-shaped member made of copper, aluminum, or the like with high thermal conductivity.

Then, when it rains, as shown in FIG. 18(a), rainwater can permeate and be retained in the capillary water retention layer 32 via the wet surface layer 3. As shown in FIG. When the weather is fine, as shown in FIG. 18(b), heat moves from the top to the bottom of the water pumping member 7 as the temperature of the wet surface layer 3 rises. As a result, it is possible to promote capillary action and quickly supply the capillary water retained in the capillary water retention layer 32 to the wet surface layer 3 .

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, they can be implemented in combination with each other.

(Other embodiments)
The pavement structure of the present invention is not necessarily limited to the above-described embodiments and modifications, and the following modifications are possible.

For example, in the connecting portions shown in FIGS. 10, 11, and 13 to 16, a manhole accessible from the ground or a side ditch such as a U-shape is provided, and the above-described water conducting member 50 or bottom water conducting member is provided therein. It is also possible to provide the member 51 and the upper water guiding member 52 . By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to facilitate replacement and maintenance of each water guiding member.

In addition, the water conducting member 50, the bottom water conducting member 51, and the upper water conducting member 52 described above can be selected as appropriate, and can be made from PVC pipes, flexible hoses, water conducting pipes woven with fiber materials, nonwoven fabrics and braided cords, and the like. A water-conducting mat or the like can be used. That is, each water-conducting member is not limited to one that conveys water according to gravity, and one that conveys water using capillary action can also be used.

Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 9 to 16, the water-permeable surface layer 2 forming the road surface is provided adjacent to the wet surface layer 3, and the water-permeable surface layer 2 is provided below the water-permeable surface layer 2. Although the permeable sub-base layer 21 capable of retaining water is formed, and the rainwater stored in the permeable sub-base layer 21 is guided to the capillary water retention layer 32 through the connecting portion, such an embodiment is not necessarily required. It is not limited.

For example, a water tank (not shown) is provided on the ground or underground outside the wet pavement area, and water is supplied from the outside through a connection part connected to the capillary water retention layer 32 and the reservoir layer 33 below the wet surface layer 3 . is also possible. Moreover, the water tank is not limited to rain water, and tap water can also be stored. By adopting such a configuration, while reducing the cost and labor of installing the permeable surface layer 2 and the permeable sub-base layer 21, the above-described water tank continuously stabilizes the water in the capillary water retention layer 32 and the reservoir layer 33. supply becomes possible.

The embodiments and modifications of the present invention have been described above. All changes within the scope are included. Moreover, the specific materials, dimensions, shapes, and the like described in the above embodiments and the like can be changed within the scope of solving the problems of the present invention.

1 Pavement structure 2 Permeable surface layer 3 Wet surface layer 6 Rainwater drainage pipe 7 Water pumping member 8 Inlet closing means 21 Permeable roadbed 31 Conveying layer 32 Capillary water retaining layer 33 Reservoir layer 41 Permeable sheet 42 Impermeable sheet 50 Conveying member 51 Bottom conveying member 52 Upper water conducting member 60 Sheet 71 Hollow portion 72 Pumping wall 81 Screen

Claims (5)

A wet surface layer that forms a road surface and has pumping and permeability,
a capillary water retention layer provided below the wet surface layer, having pumping and water permeability and capable of retaining capillary water;
a water pumping member provided inside the capillary water retention layer and capable of supplying water to the wet surface layer by capillary action;
at least a water impermeable member provided on the bottom surface and/or side surface of the capillary water retention layer;
Rainwater can permeate and be retained in the capillary water retention layer through the wet surface layer during rainfall, and the capillary water can be supplied to the wet surface layer by capillary action by the capillary water retention layer and the pumping member during fine weather. can be,
The pavement structure, wherein the pumping member has a pumping speed higher than that of the capillary water retention layer. The water pumping member is
2. The pavement structure according to claim 1, comprising a vertically extending hollow portion and a pumping wall formed around the hollow portion and capable of pumping water by capillary action. A reservoir layer having a higher water retention rate than the capillary water retention layer is provided below the capillary water retention layer,
The pavement structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the water pumping member extends to the inside of the reservoir. having a connecting portion connected to the capillary water retaining layer;
The pavement structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the capillary water retention layer can conduct water from the outside through the connecting portion. Having a connection part connected to the reservoir,
The pavement structure according to claim 3, wherein the reservoir can conduct water from the outside through the connecting portion.

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