JP2023017144A - Overhead crane with absorption mechanism of travelling rail laying error - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an overhead crane with an absorption mechanism of a travelling rail laying error capable of driving a top run-type overhead crane on the rail whose laying accuracy of an overhead crane travelling rail exceeds a permissible value.SOLUTION: A top run-type overhead crane that the crane runs on the top surface of travelling rails has a configuration that a tie-in part of one saddle 13b of two pairs of saddles of the overhead crane and of a crane girder 12 is a fixing structure, a tie-in part of the other saddle 13a and of the crane girder 12 is provided with a movable part using a spherical bearing 31, and that the crane can follow the travelling rail lying error while maintaining the crane structure by providing side rollers 17 at the bottom of the saddle 13a where the movable part is provided.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an overhead crane provided with a mechanism for absorbing installation errors of traveling rails of the crane.

Accuracy of laying rails for cranes gradually deteriorates due to distortion of buildings over time, ground subsidence, misalignment of rail laying fasteners, and the like. For this reason, rail laying accuracy is measured and corrected on a regular basis to maintain and manage rail laying accuracy. may be difficult to fit in.
If the two traveling rails on both sides of the overhead crane are running on the traveling rails where the accuracy error of the traveling rails such as the span dimension, rail undulation (horizontal bending), rail slope, etc. exceeds the allowable value, the crane may This may cause problems such as abnormal wear of the treads, flange surfaces, and running rails of the running wheels, damage to the running bearings, and cracks in the crane girder and saddle.

In order to deal with this, conventionally, cranes have been proposed that are equipped with a mechanism that absorbs running rail installation errors so that the crane can run normally even on running rails with rail-laying accuracy that exceeds standards (for example, , See Patent Documents 1 to 4.).

JP-A-7-228474 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2008-179428 JP 2010-202357 A Utility Model Registration No. 3152371

By the way, the mechanisms disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 4 for absorbing the installation error of the travel rail are all intended for a suspension type overhead crane that hangs on the travel rail, and are structurally robust. It was difficult to use an overhead crane.
On the other hand, the top-run overhead crane, which has a robust structure in which the crane is stacked on top of the traveling rail against gravity, has the same error in laying the traveling rail as the suspension-type overhead crane that hangs along with gravity. When an absorbing mechanism is used, there is a problem that the joint between the crane girder and the saddle is bent, the saddle falls down in a diamond shape, and the crane structure cannot be held.
In view of this problem, the present invention provides a travel rail laying error absorbing mechanism for a top-run type overhead crane that allows the overhead crane to run on rails whose laying accuracy exceeds the allowable value. The object is to provide an overhead crane equipped with

In order to solve the above problems, an overhead crane equipped with a mechanism for absorbing installation error of a traveling rail according to the present invention is a top-run type overhead crane in which the crane travels on the upper surface of the traveling rail, and two sets of the overhead crane Of the saddles, the interface between one saddle and the crane girder shall have a fixed structure, and the interface between the other saddle and the crane girder shall be provided with a movable part using a spherical bearing, and the lower part of the saddle provided with the movable part By providing a side roller in the , it is characterized in that it has a structure that follows the installation error of the traveling rail while maintaining the structure of the crane.
As a result, one of the connections between the saddle placed on the running rail and the crane girder stacked above it is rigidly fixed, and the other is a movable structure using spherical bearings. Rail installation errors can be absorbed by moving the movable part with spherical bearings against running rails that are largely out of accuracy due to span errors, swells of running rails, slopes of running rails, etc.

That is, by adopting a spherical bearing for the structure of the saddle on one side and the movable portion of the crane girder, the structure is such that the saddle on the movable side can move freely three-dimensionally with respect to the crane girder.
A side roller is provided in the horizontal direction below the movable saddle, and the side roller causes the saddle to follow and follow the running rail in accordance with the laying error state of the running rail, and prevents the saddle from falling from the vertical state. On the other hand, side rollers restrain the saddle from falling down horizontally.
A saddle on one side that is rigidly fixed to the crane girder, a saddle that is freely movable by an absorption mechanism, and side rollers that are provided at the bottom of the movable saddle exert a restraining force in the horizontal direction. A top-run overhead crane with a stacked structure can maintain its shape without collapsing.
At this time, for the traveling rail error on the side where the saddle is fixed to the crane girder, the saddle on the traveling rail passes through the crane girder firmly fixed to the saddle and is provided at the interface with the saddle on the opposite side. It is transmitted to the movable portion, and the installation error of the running rail is absorbed by the movable portion.

In this case, in addition to using a spherical bearing for the movable portion, by using a metal bush together, it is possible to increase the amount of absorption of errors in the span direction.
In addition to using spherical bearings for the movable parts, metal bushings are used for the bearings of the running wheels, and a slide mechanism in the span direction is provided on the running wheels to increase the amount of error absorption in the span direction. can be
When dimensional errors such as span errors are absorbed by a structure with only spherical bearings, they are absorbed by the inclination angle of the movable side saddle. By using together, the horizontal movement range of the saddle in the span direction can be expanded, the rail error absorption range can be expanded, and the inclination angle of the movable side saddle can be suppressed, so it can be applied to the side rollers at the bottom of the saddle. Horizontal force can be suppressed.
In addition to the spherical bearings, inserting the metal bushes into the bearings of the running wheels allows the running wheels to move horizontally in the span direction. can be absorbed.

According to the overhead crane equipped with the travel rail laying error absorption mechanism of the present invention, even if there is a travel rail laying error exceeding the laying accuracy standard in the top-run type overhead crane, the running rail side Crane girders, saddles, traveling wheels, and traveling rails no longer bear unacceptable loads from overhead cranes, reducing cracks in cranes, abnormal wear on flanges of traveling wheels, and wear on traveling rails. It can operate stably.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of an overhead crane provided with a travel rail installation error absorbing mechanism; FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a clearance between a running rail and running wheels; FIG. 4 is a detailed structural explanatory diagram of a travel rail installation error absorption mechanism using spherical bearings; FIG. 4 is a detailed structural explanatory view of a travel rail installation error absorption mechanism that uses both a spherical bearing and a metal bush. It is structural explanatory drawing which provided the absorption mechanism of the span horizontal direction by using a metal bush for a traveling wheel bearing. FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the action of the present invention with respect to span error absorption; FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the action of the present invention regarding absorption of lateral height error of a running rail; It is a figure explaining the effect|action of this invention about absorption of the right-and-left slope difference of a running rail. It is a figure explaining the effect|action of this invention about the undulation (horizontal bending) absorption of a running rail.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An overhead crane equipped with a travel rail installation error absorption mechanism according to the present invention will be described below based on an embodiment with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows the appearance of a top-run type overhead crane provided with a travel rail installation error absorption mechanism 10 of the present invention.
In the top-run type overhead crane, a running rail 15 is laid on runway girders 16 installed on the pillars on both sides of the building, on which the saddle of the overhead crane is placed, and is rigidly fixed at right angles to the saddle. It has a structure in which the crane girder 12 is piled up.
A hoist or a club 11 having a hoisting device and a traversing device is attached to the crane girder 12 , and the hoist or the club 11 traverses the crane girder 12 .

In the conventional structure, the crane girder 12 and the saddle are firmly fixed with high-strength bolts or the like. It was absorbed by 19. Conventionally, the accuracy standards for the laying of the traveling rails have been established so that the clearance dimension 19 is within the range that can be absorbed.
However, when the building is greatly distorted due to land subsidence, etc., the installation accuracy standard cannot be met. Also, problems such as cracks occurring in the crane girder 12 and the saddle portion have occurred.

In the present invention, for a crane installed on a running rail 15 having a laying error exceeding the running rail laying accuracy standard, by providing the running rail laying error absorbing mechanism 10 on the side of the overhead crane, a large laying error can be reduced. Even on the generated running rail, the overhead crane can run smoothly.
In this case, in the structure of a suspension type overhead crane that hangs along with gravity, the mechanism for absorbing installation error of the traveling rail can be easily installed between the saddle and the crane girder. If the same structure as the suspension type overhead crane is used in the top-run type overhead crane, which has a structure that stacks on top of each other, the crane will collapse into a diamond shape.
Therefore, in the top-run type overhead crane of the present invention, as shown in FIG. Between the side) 13a and the crane girder 12, a movable portion is provided by the mechanism 10 for absorbing installation error of the running rail, and the saddle (movable side) 13a is movable.
By pressing the side surface of the running rail 15 horizontally under the saddle (movable side) 13a with a side roller 17, the saddle (movable side) 13a can flexibly follow the deviation of the laying accuracy of the running rail. At the same time, by restraining the tilting of the saddle (movable side) 13a in the vertical direction Y by the travel rail laying error absorbing mechanism 10, the crane girder 12, the saddle (fixed side) 13b, the saddle (movable side) 13a and the side A combination of rollers 17 constitutes a top-run overhead crane with a rigid structure to prevent the shape of the crane from collapsing.

As shown in FIG. 3, the running rail installation error absorption mechanism 10 incorporates a spherical bearing 31, a housing 33 on the outer ring side of the spherical bearing 31 is incorporated in an upper bracket 32, and the upper bracket 32 is attached to the crane girder 12. are joined with high-strength bolts, etc. A pin 35 is fitted to the inner ring side of the spherical bearing 31, the pin 35 is fixed to a lower bracket 34, and the lower bracket 34 is joined to the saddle (movable side) 13a with a high-strength bolt or the like.
As a result, the saddle (movable side) 13a is configured to move relative to the crane girder 12 in the inclination θ1 direction, the rotation θ2 direction, and the deflection θ3 direction.
In order to ensure easy replacement of the consumable spherical bearing 31, the upper bracket 32 and the crane girder 12, and the lower bracket 34 and the saddle (movable side) 13a are detachable by bolting.

In the structure of FIG. 3, the saddle (movable side) 13a is tilted in the direction θ1 in order to absorb the error in the span horizontal direction X, etc. However, if the tilt θ1 becomes too large, the horizontal force of the side rollers 17 becomes strong. Therefore, if the error in the horizontal direction X of the span is excessive, after the stopper that regulates the tilting amount of the saddle (movable side) 13a is effective, as shown in FIG. 4, the spherical bearing 31 A metal bush 37 is added to the portion, and the structure is such that the metal bush 37 slides horizontally by a slide dimension 38 corresponding to the clearance dimension between the spherical bearing 31 and the collar 36 .
As a result, the amount of inclination of the saddle (movable side) 13a is suppressed, and the horizontal force of the side rollers 17 can be kept low by securing the width for absorbing errors in the horizontal direction X of the span and the like.

In addition, the horizontal slide mechanism in the span horizontal direction by the metal bush adopts the running wheel metal bush 39 for the bearing part of the running wheel 14 shown in FIG. You can get the same effect by doing
The method of adopting the running wheel metal bush 39 allows the running wheel 14 to slide horizontally by providing a clearance of the running wheel slide dimension 40 between the saddle frame and the running wheel 14 .
By horizontally sliding the running wheels in the span travel direction in this way, the amount of inclination of the saddle (movable side) 13a can be suppressed and the width of error absorption in the span horizontal direction X, etc., can be secured. can be kept low.

The operation of this travel rail installation error absorption mechanism will be described below.
First, when an error ±C occurs in the span S from the state shown in FIG. 6(1) to the state shown in FIG. The center causes the saddle (movable side) 13a to tilt .theta.1, and the span error of the running rail can be absorbed. The side roller 17 bears the horizontal force generated when the saddle (movable side) 13a is tilted θ1. The allowable span error C is determined by the strength of the side rollers 17 and the allowable aligning angle of the spherical bearing 31. In addition, if the inclination angle of the saddle (movable side) 13a becomes too large, the structure of the crane will not hold. Since it cannot be done, the accuracy of tilting is small, and a stopper is used to restrain the tilting angle so that it does not become too large.
In this case, if the permissible range of the span error C is further expanded from that due to the inclination of the saddle (movable side) 13a, the structure using both the spherical bearing 31 and the metal bush 37 shown in FIG. 4 or the structure shown in FIG. A structure is adopted in which a traveling wheel metal bush 39 is used in combination with the traveling wheel.
In this way, by providing the running rail laying error absorption mechanism 10, the running wheel flange 18 wears due to the span error C exceeding the running rail laying accuracy standard, the running wheel bearing breaks, the side wear of the running rail 15, Cracks in the saddle are eliminated.

Next, even when attached to the rail where the horizontal difference h of the running rail occurs from the state of (1) in FIG. 7 to the state of (2) in FIG. , the saddle (movable side) 13a is tilted .theta.1, and the horizontal difference h of the running rail 15 can be absorbed. In this case also, the side rollers 17 bear the horizontal force generated when the saddle (movable side) 13a is tilted .theta.1. The permissible horizontal difference h of the running rail is determined by the strength of the side rollers 17 and the permissible alignment angle of the spherical bearing 31. In addition, if the permissible range of this permissible horizontal difference h of the running rail is expanded: 4 adopts a structure in which the spherical bearing 31 and the metal bush 37 shown in FIG. 4 are used together, or a structure in which the running wheel shown in FIG. 5 uses the running wheel metal bush 39 together.

When a gradient occurs from the state of (1) in FIG. 8 to the state of (2) in FIG. The spherical bearing 31 rotates in the rotation θ2 direction, and releases the twisting force so that the crane girder 12 is not twisted even if there is a gradient difference between the left and right running rails.
In the conventional structure which is not equipped with the travel rail laying error absorption mechanism 10, the crane girder 12 is subjected to a combined force of the twisting of the crane girder 12 due to the difference in slope between the left and right sides and the bending due to the load of the suspended load. This has been a cause of cracks in the crane girder 12. The absorbing mechanism 10 for laying error of the running rail eliminates twisting of the crane girder 12 and is effective in reducing crack accidents.

As shown in FIG. 9, when a swell (horizontal bend) U occurs in the running rail 15 and the balanced state of the left and right rails locally collapses into an inverted V shape or an inverted V shape. , the saddle (movable side) 13a swings along the undulation (horizontal bending) of the running rail 15 in the direction of deflection θ3 due to the movement of the running rail laying error absorption mechanism 10 by the spherical bearing 31 and the pressing of the side roller 17. A saddle (movable side) 13a follows and moves along the running rail.
The saddle (fixed side) 13b is swayed along the undulation (horizontal bend) U of the travel rail 15, and the saddle (fixed side) 13b swings along the undulation (horizontal bend) U of the travel rail 15b. The crane girder 12, which is firmly fixed at right angles to the fixed side) 13b, is shaken by the swing of the saddle (fixed side) 13b, and an absorption mechanism for the installation error of the running rail between the crane girder 12 and the saddle (movable side) 13a. Since the deflection .theta.3 of the spherical bearing 31 of 10 has an angle, even if the saddle (fixed side) 13b fluctuates due to the undulation (horizontal bending) U of the running rail 15, the saddle (fixed side) 13b can follow and move.

As described above, in the present invention in which the top-run overhead crane is provided with the travel rail installation error absorption mechanism 10, the travel rail is installed only on one side between the crane girder 12 on one side and the saddle (movable side) 13a. Although the error absorption mechanism 10 is provided and not provided on the saddle (fixed side), the installation error of the traveling rail 15 that affects the overhead crane is caused by the relative installation error of the left and right traveling rails 15 affecting the overhead crane. Therefore, even if the right and left saddles are not provided with the error absorption mechanism 10 for laying the running rail, the error absorption function of the rail can be satisfied by providing one of the two saddles.

The above is the basic function of the present invention, but in reality span errors, left-right height differences, and right-left slope differences occur three-dimensionally in a complex manner. , it is possible to absorb the error of the running rail three-dimensionally. In other words, since it is possible to release the force in three axial directions, the tread surface and flange surface of the traveling wheel of the crane may be abnormally worn, the traveling bearing may be damaged, and the crane girder 12 may be damaged due to errors in the traveling rail from all directions. It is possible to avoid problems such as cracks in the saddle etc.

Above, the overhead crane equipped with the travel rail installation error absorption mechanism of the present invention has been described based on the embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to the configuration described in the above embodiment, and the gist thereof is as follows. The configuration can be changed as appropriate within a range that does not deviate.

According to the overhead crane equipped with the travel rail laying error absorption mechanism of the present invention, even if a top-run type overhead crane is installed on the travel rail of a dilapidated building exceeding the laying accuracy standard value of the travel rail, the crane It is possible to prevent abnormal wear of the running wheel tread and flange surface, breakage of the running bearing, and cracking of the crane girder and saddle, thereby extending the life of the crane and improving its reliability. In addition, since it is possible to reduce the frequency of repair of running rails and buildings, it is effectively used industrially.

10 Absorbing Mechanism for Laying Error of Running Rail 11 Hoist, Club 12 Crane Girder 13a Saddle (Movable Side)
13b Saddle (fixed side)
14 running wheel 15 running rail 16 runway girder 17 side roller 18 running wheel flange 19 clearance dimension 31 spherical bearing 32 upper bracket 33 housing 34 lower bracket 35 pin 36 collar 37 metal bush 38 slide dimension 39 metal bush for running wheel 40 running wheel slide Dimensions X Horizontal direction of span Y Vertical direction Z Horizontal direction of travel S Span C Span error h Horizontal difference between left and right rails α Gradient difference U Waviness (horizontal bending)
θ1 tilt θ2 rotation θ3 deflection

Claims (3)

A top-run type overhead crane in which the crane travels on the upper surface of a travel rail, wherein one of the two sets of saddles of the overhead crane has a fixed structure at the interface between the saddle and the crane girder, and the other saddle and the crane. A movable part that uses a spherical bearing is provided at the girder interface, and side rollers are provided under the saddle where the movable part is provided, so that the structure of the crane can be maintained while following the installation error of the running rail. An overhead crane equipped with a mechanism for absorbing a laying error of a traveling rail, characterized by: 2. The traveling rail installation error reduction according to claim 1, wherein a spherical bearing is used in said movable portion, and a metal bush is also used in combination to increase an amount of absorption of an error in the span direction. Overhead crane with absorption mechanism. In addition to using spherical bearings for the movable parts, metal bushings are used for the bearings of the running wheels, and a slide mechanism in the span direction is provided for the running wheels to increase the amount of error absorption in the span direction. 2. An overhead traveling crane having a mechanism for absorbing installation error of a traveling rail according to claim 1.

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