JP2022529195A - Wideband receiver for multi-band millimeter-wave wireless communication - Google Patents

Abstract

The RF receiver includes a low noise amplifier (LNA) that receives and amplifies RF signals, a trans-based IQ generator, one or more load resistors, one or more mixer circuits, and a downconverter. .. The trans-based IQ generator generates a differential in-phase local oscillator (LOI) signal and a differential orthogonal (LOQ) signal based on the LO signal received from the local oscillator (LO). The load resistor is coupled to the output of the trans-based IQ generator. Each of the load resistors is adapted to couple one of the differential LOI signal and the LOQ signal to a predetermined bias voltage. The mixer is coupled to the LNA and trans-based IQ generator, receives the RF signal amplified by the LNA, mixes it with the differential LOI and LOQ signals, and produces in-phase RF (RFI) and orthogonal RF (RFQ) signals. Generate. The down converter downconverts the RFI signal and the RFQ signal into an IF signal. [Selection diagram] FIG. 4

Description

(Related application)
This application is the benefit of US Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 863,295 filed April 19, 2019 and US Non-Provisional Patent Application No. 16 / 414,480 filed May 16, 2019. Insist. The disclosure of the above application is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

(Technical field)
Embodiments of the present invention generally relate to wireless communication devices. More specifically, embodiments of the present invention relate to multiband image removal receivers for communication devices.

In next-generation 5G communication devices, higher data transfer speeds are required in many applications such as augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) and fifth generation (5G) multi-input multi-output (MIMO). By changing the design to millimeter wave (mm wave), this higher data transfer rate will be supported. On the other hand, higher bandwidth is required for higher data transfer speeds. For example, the wideband must cover a 5G spectrum, including the 24GHz, 28GHz, 37GHz, and 39GHz frequency bands.

A low intermediate frequency (IF) receiver architecture can generally be used as a communication device to avoid the drawbacks of a zero IF downconversion receiver such as flicker noise and DC offset. However, the generation of millimeter-wave wideband common-mode orthogonal (IQ) local oscillators (LOs) for low-IF receivers is extremely lossy and can reduce the performance of the receiver's down-conversion mixer. There is a need for on-chip receivers with millimeter-wave frequency wideband image rejection.

Embodiments of the present invention are shown as illustrations, but not limited to, of the accompanying drawings in which the same reference numerals indicate the same elements.

It is a block diagram which shows an example of the wireless communication apparatus by one Embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows an example of the RF front-end integrated circuit by one Embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows the RF transceiver integrated circuit by one Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the wide band receiver circuit by one Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the trans-based IQ generator by one Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the simulation result of the voltage gain using different load resistors by one Embodiment. It is a block diagram which shows an example of the layout of the trans-based IQ generator by one Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the mixer by one Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the impedance matching network between a T / R switch and an LNA by one Embodiment.

Various embodiments and embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the details described below, and the accompanying drawings exemplify these various embodiments. The following description and drawings are exemplary of the invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention. A number of specific details have been described for a complete understanding of the various embodiments of the invention. However, in some cases, well-known or conventional details are not described in order to briefly explain embodiments of the present invention.

References to "one embodiment" or "embodiment" herein include the particular features, structures, or properties described in connection with an embodiment in at least one embodiment of the invention. Means that you can. The phrase "in one embodiment" appears in various parts of the specification, but not all refer to the same embodiment.

It should be noted that in the corresponding drawings of the embodiment, the signal is represented by a line. Some lines may be thickened to indicate more constituent signal paths and / or may have arrows at one or more ends to indicate the direction of signal flow. Such indications are not intended to be limiting. Rather, lines are used in connection with one or more exemplary embodiments to facilitate understanding of the circuit or logic unit. Any signal represented can actually contain one or more signals that can travel in either direction, as determined by design requirements or preferences, and of any suitable type. It can be implemented by the signal method of.

Throughout the specification and claims, the term "connected" means a direct electrical connection between what is connected, without any intermediate device. The term "coupling" means a direct electrical connection between connected ones, or an indirect connection via one or more passive or active mediators. The term "circuit" means one or more passive and / or active components arranged to cooperate with each other to provide the desired function. The term "signal" means at least one current signal, voltage signal, or data / clock signal. The meanings of "a", "an", and "the" include the plural. The meaning of "in" includes "in" and "on".

As used herein, unless otherwise specified, using "first," "second," "third," and other hierarchical adjectives to describe a common object is simply the same. It only indicates that different cases of the object are referenced, and the objects thus described must be in a given order in any way temporally, spatially, or otherwise. It doesn't mean that. As used herein, the term "substantially" means within 10% of the target.

In the embodiments described herein, unless otherwise specified, the transistor is a metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) transistor, including a drain terminal, a source terminal, a gate terminal, and a bulk terminal. The source terminal and the drain terminal may be the same terminal, and are used interchangeably in the present specification. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that other transistors, such as Bi-polar junction transistors-BJT PNP / NPN, BiCMOS, CMOS, etc., can be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Let's do it.

According to one aspect of the invention, the RF receiver is a low-noise amplifier (LNA) that receives and amplifies RF signals, a transformer-based IQ generator. Includes a circuit), one or more load resisters, and a downconverter with one or more mixers. The trans-based IQ generator is based on the LO signal received from the local oscillator (LO), and is based on the differential in-phase local oscillator (LOI) signal and the differential quadrature (LOQ) signal. Is configured to generate. The load resistor is connected to the output of the transformer-based IQ generator. Each of the load resistors is configured to couple one of the differential LOI signal and the LOQ signal to a predetermined bias voltage. The mixer is connected to the LNA and a trans-based IQ generator, receives the RF signal amplified by the LNA, mixes it with the differential LOI and LOQ signals, and down converts the amplified RF signal to an IF signal. ), This can be processed by a signal processing module or a signal processor such as a digital signal processor (DSP).

According to one embodiment, the trans-based IQ generator comprises a positive LOI (LOI +) port for generating a LOI + signal based on the LO signal. The trans-based IQ generator further includes a negative LOI (LOI-) port for generating a LOI- signal based on the LO signal. The LOI + signal and the LOI- signal represent a differential LOI signal. The trans-based IQ generator further includes a positive LOQ (LOQ +) port that generates a LOQ + signal based on the LO signal and a negative LOQ (LOQ-) port that generates a LOQ- signal based on the LO signal. The LOQ + signal and the LOQ- signal represent a differential LOQ signal.

In one embodiment, the mixer comprises a first mixer and a second mixer. The downconverter is coupled to a first mixer to mix the RF signal with the LOI + signal to produce a positive in-phase IF (IFI +) signal, and a first lowpass filter to be coupled to the second mixer to produce the RF signal. A second low-pass filter that mixes with the LOI- signal to generate a negative in-phase IF (IFI-) signal and a first that is coupled to the first and second low-pass filters to amplify the IFI + and IFI- signals. It includes a first IF amplifier that produces a differential IF signal.

In one embodiment, the mixer further comprises a third mixer and a fourth mixer. The downconverter is coupled to a third mixer with a third lowpass filter that mixes the RF and LOQ + signals to produce a positive orthogonal IF (IFQ +) signal, and is coupled to the fourth mixer with the RF signal. A second low-pass filter that mixes LOQ- signals to generate a negative orthogonal IF (IFQ-) signal and a second low-pass filter that is coupled to third and fourth low-pass filters to amplify IFQ + and IFQ- signals. It further includes a second IF amplifier that produces a differential IF signal. In one embodiment, the downconverter is coupled to a first IF amplifier and a second IF amplifier to generate a third differential IF signal based on the first and second differential IF signals. A third IF amplifier further comprising a poly-phase filter (PPF) and a third IF amplifier coupled to the PPF to amplify a third differential IF signal to generate a fourth differential IF signal. The differential IF signal of 4 is processed by the signal processing module.

In one embodiment, the load resistor is a first load resistor coupled between the LOI + port and a given bias voltage, and a second load resistor coupled between the LOI-port and a given bias voltage. , A third load resistor coupled between the LOC + port and the predetermined bias voltage, and a fourth load resistor coupled between the LOC-port and the predetermined bias voltage. Each of the load resistors is in the range of 50-500Ω. Differential LOI and differential LOQ signals range from 25 to 50 gigahertz (GHz).

In one embodiment, each of the mixers comprises a first stage amplifier, wherein the first stage amplifier is a first differential transistor (or) having a first transistor and a second transistor. Metal oxide film semiconductor field effect transistor, abbreviated as MOSFET) The difference that contains a pair and receives a differential RF input signal in which the first gate terminal of the first transistor and the second gate terminal of the second transistor are mixed together. Forming a dynamic RF input port, each of the mixers also includes a second stage amplifier coupled to a first stage amplifier, where the second stage amplifier is equipped with a third gate terminal. A second differential transistor (or MOSFET) pair with a third transistor and a fourth transistor with a fourth gate terminal, and a fifth transistor with a fifth gate terminal and a sixth gate terminal. A third gate terminal is coupled to a fifth gate terminal and a fourth gate terminal is coupled to a sixth gate terminal, including a third differential transistor pair with a sixth transistor provided. The third gate terminal and the fifth gate terminal form a differential LO input port that receives a differential LO drive signal for driving the mixer.

In another embodiment, the first drain terminal of the first transistor of the first differential transistor pair is the source of the third and fourth transistors of the second differential transistor pair via the first inductor. Coupled to the terminals, the second drain terminal of the second transistor of the first differential transistor pair is the source terminal of the fifth and sixth transistors of the third differential transistor pair via the second inductor. The first inductor and the second inductor form a differential inductor pair. In another embodiment, the drain terminal of the third transistor is coupled to the drain terminal of the fifth transistor as the first output, and the drain terminal of the fourth transistor is the second output of the sixth transistor. Coupled to the drain terminal, the first and second outputs form a differential output port to output a differential mixed signal.

According to another aspect, the RF frontend circuit includes a transmit / receive (T / R) switch coupled to an antenna, an RF transmitter, and an RF receiver, the T / R switch. The RF transmitter or RF receiver is configured to be coupled to the antenna at a particular point in time. The RF receiver includes at least some of the above-mentioned components. According to a further aspect, the mobile device includes an antenna, an RF receiver, and a signal processor. The RF receiver includes at least some of the above components.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1, the radio communication device 100, also simply referred to as a radio device, includes, among other things, an RF front-end module 101 and a baseband processor 102. The wireless device 100 can be any kind of wireless communication device such as a mobile phone, a laptop, a tablet, a network home appliance (for example, Internet of things or an IOT home appliance).

In the radio receiver circuit, RF front end is a general term for all circuits from the antenna to the mixer stage. The RF front end consists of all the components in the receiver that process the signal at the original incoming radio frequency before being converted to a lower frequency (eg IF). In microwave and satellite receivers, the RF front end is often referred to as a low noise block (LNB) or low noise downconverter (LND), in addition to the receiver at an intermediate frequency that makes it easier to handle the signal from the antenna. Often placed in or near the antenna so that it can be transferred to the part of. A baseband processor is a device (chip or part of a chip) that manages all wireless functions (all functions that require an antenna) in a network interface.

In one embodiment, the RF front-end module 101 comprises one or more RF transmitters / receivers, each of which is a particular frequency band (eg, non-transmitters) via one of a plurality of RF antennas. Sends and receives RF signals within a specific frequency range (such as an overlapping frequency range). The RF front-end IC chip 101 further includes an IQ generator and / or a frequency synthesizer coupled to the RF transceiver. The IQ generator or generation circuit generates an LO signal and supplies it to each of the RF transceivers, allowing the RF transceiver to mix, modulate, and / or demodulate the RF signals in the corresponding frequency band. The RF transceiver and IQ generation circuit can be integrated into a single IC chip as a single RF front-end IC chip or package, which will be described in detail below.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of an RF front-end integrated circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 2, the RF front end 101 includes, among other things, an IQ generator and / or a frequency synthesizer 200 coupled to a multiband RF transceiver 211. The transceiver 211 is configured to transmit and receive RF signals within one or more frequency bands or a wide range of RF frequencies via the RF antenna 221. In one embodiment, the transceiver 211 is configured to receive one or more LO signals from the IQ generator and / or frequency synthesizer 200. The LO signal is generated for one or more corresponding frequency bands. This LO signal is used for mixing, modulation, and demodulation by a transceiver to transmit and receive RF signals within the corresponding frequency band. Although only one transceiver and antenna are shown, multiple pairs of transceivers and antennas can be mounted, one for each frequency band.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an RF transceiver integrated circuit (IC) according to an embodiment. The RF transceiver 300 can represent the RF transceiver 211 of FIG. Referring to FIG. 3, the frequency synthesizer 300 can represent the frequency synthesizer 200 described above. In one embodiment, the RF transceiver 300 can include a frequency synthesizer 300, a transmitter 301, and a receiver 302. The frequency synthesizer 300 is communicably coupled to the transmitter 301 and the receiver 302 to provide the LO signal. The transmitter 301 can transmit RF signals in several frequency bands. The receiver 302 can receive RF signals in several frequency bands.

The receiver 302 includes a low noise amplifier (LNA) 306, a mixer (s) 307, and a filter (s) 308. The LNA 306 receives an RF signal from a remote transmitter via the antenna 310 and amplifies the received RF signal. The amplified RF signal is demodulated by a mixer 307 (also called a downconvert mixer) based on the LO signal provided by the IQ generator 317. The IQ generator 317 can represent the IQ generator 200 described above. In one embodiment, the IQ generator 317 is integrated into the wideband receiver 302 as a single integrated circuit. The demodulated signal is then processed by a filter 308, which can be a low pass filter. In one embodiment, the transmitter 301 and the receiver 302 share an antenna 310 via a transmit / receive (T / R) switch 309. The T / R switch 309 is configured to switch between the transmitter 301 and the receiver 302 to couple the antenna 310 to either the transmitter 301 or the receiver 302 at a particular point in time. Although one pair of transmitter and receiver is shown, multiple pairs of transmitter and receiver and / or stand-alone receiver can be implemented. In one embodiment, except for the antenna 310, all the components shown can be mounted in an integrated circuit (eg, an RF front-end IC).

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an example of an RF receiver according to an embodiment. Referring to FIG. 4, the RF receiver 302 is, among other things, a low noise amplifier (LNA) 306 that receives and amplifies RF signals, a trans-based IQ generator 317, one or more load registers (not shown). Includes one or more mixers 307 and downconverters. The trans-based IQ generator 317 is configured to generate a differential in-phase local oscillator (LOI) signal and a differential quadrature (LOQ) signal based on the local oscillator (LO) signal received from LO315. The load resistor is coupled to the output of the transformer-based IQ generator 317. Each of the load resistors is configured to couple one of a differential LOI and a LOQ signal (eg, LOI +, LOI-, LOQ +, or LOQ- signal in this example) to a given bias voltage (not shown). ing. The mixer 307 is coupled to the LNA306 and the trans-based IQ generator 317, receives the RF signal amplified by the LNA306, mixes it with the differential LOI and LOQ signals, downconverts the RF signal to an IF signal, and this signal. Can be processed by a signal processing module or a signal processor such as a digital signal processor (DSP). In this embodiment, the downconverter is represented by a set of lowpass filters 311, a set of one or more IF amplifiers 312 (eg, variable gain amplifiers), a polyphase filter 313, and another IF amplifier 314.

In this example, there are four mixers coupled to the output of the LNA 306 and the output of the trans-based IQ generator 317. The output of the trans-based IQ generator 317 includes four LO signals (eg LOI +, LOI-, LOQ +, and LOQ- signals) based on the original LO signals provided by LO315 (eg LOIN + and LOIN-). .. LOI + and LOI- represent differential common-mode signals, and LOQ + and LOQ- represent differential orthogonal signals. LOIN + and LOIN- represent differential LO input signals to the transformer-based IQ generator 317. The low-pass filter 311 includes four low-pass filters, one for each mixer 307, and performs a low-pass operation on the RF signal from the corresponding mixer to convert the RF signal into an IF signal, in this example IFI +, IFI-, IFQ +. , Convert to IFQ-. The pair of IFI + signal and IFI- signal is supplied to the differential input of the IF amplifier 312A, and the pair of IFQ + signal and IFQ- signal is supplied to the differential input of the IF amplifier 312B. The output of the IF amplifier 312 (collectively represented by the IF amplifiers 312A and 312B) is coupled to the input of the PPF313. Another IF amplifier 314 is coupled to the output of the PPF 313 to further amplify the IF signal. The IF signal generated and amplified by the IF amplifier 314 can be processed further downstream by a signal processor (eg, DSP or baseband processor).

The PPF 313 can filter higher frequency noise and recombine the four common mode and orthogonal signals into differential pairs of IF signals, such as IFI +, IFI-, IFQ +, and IFQ- signals. PPF313 is a resistance-capacitor-capacitor-resistance (RC_CR) PPF. The PPF 313 can filter out unwanted signal noise, eg, high frequency noise outside the IF frequency range, and differentially pair four in-phase and orthogonal signals, eg, IFI +, IFI-, IFQ +, and IFQ- signals. Can be coupled to the intermediate IF signal of. Finally, the amplifier 314 further amplifies the differential intermediate IF signal to produce IF + and IF- as outputs.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a transformer-based IQ generator according to an embodiment. Referring to FIG. 5, according to one embodiment, the trans-based IQ generator 317, also referred to as a trans-based IQ network, generates a positive LOI + signal based on the LO input signals LOIN + and LOIN− generated from LO315. LOI (LOI +) port and a negative LOI (LOI-) port that produces a LOI- signal. The LOI + and LOI- signals represent differential in-phase signals, where the positive LOQ (LOQ +) port produces the LOQ + signal and the negative LOQ (LOQ-) port produces the LOQ- signal. The LOQ + signal and the LOQ- signal represent a differential orthogonal signal. The output signals LOI +, LOI−, LOQ +, and LOQ− are supplied to the input of the mixer 307, respectively. FIG. 7 shows an example of a transformer-based IQ generator 317.

According to one embodiment, the load resistor (RL) is coupled between each of the output ports (LOI +, LOI−, LOQ +, LOQ−) and the bias voltage Vbias. By connecting a load resistor to the output terminal of the transformer-based IQ generator 317, the output impedance can be increased, and as a result, the voltage applied to the input of the mixer is increased. The higher the input voltage, the higher the conversion gain of the mixer. FIG. 6 shows the simulation result of the voltage gain of the load resistor of 50 to 500Ω.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a mixer circuit according to an embodiment. Referring to FIG. 8, the mixer 307 is an IQ double equilibrium mixer including a first mixer 801 and a second mixer 802. A mixer is a 3-port device capable of frequency conversion or modulation of a signal. At the receiver, the mixer downconverts (or demodulates) the RF signal using the LO signal to generate an IF signal. In one embodiment, the mixer 307 comprises two (or double) equilibrium Gilbert mixers 801 and 802. The dual equilibrium mixers 801 to 802 downconvert (or demodulate) the differential RF signal using the differential LO signal to generate a differential IF signal.

For example, the mixer 801 receives a positive RF input signal RF + and a negative RF input signal RF-, which represent, for example, a differential RF signal received from LNA306. The input RF signals RF + and RF- are mixed with differential common mode LO signals (eg, LOI + and LOI- signals) to generate IFI + and IFI- signals. The LOI + signal and the LOI- signal are generated by a mm wave wideband IQ generation circuit such as the IQ generator 317 of FIG. Similarly, the mixer 802 receives RF + and RF- signals and mixes them with differential quadrature LO signals (eg, LOQ + and LOQ- signals) generated by a mm wave wideband IQ generation circuit such as the IQ generator 317 of FIG. Then, IFQ + and IFQ- signals are generated. In some embodiments, each of the mixers 801 to 802 can include one or more differential amplifier stages.

Referring to FIG. 8, in the case of a two-stage differential amplifier, the amplifier can include a source grounded differential amplifier as a first stage and a gate-coupled differential amplifier as a second stage. The source-grounded differential amplifier stages of the mixers 801 to 802 can receive differential signals RF + and RF-, respectively. The gate-coupled differential amplifier stage of the mixer 801 receives the differential common-mode signals LOI + and LOI−. The differential quadrature signals LOQ + and LOQ− are input to the gate-coupled differential amplification stage of the mixer 802. The RF signal is down-converted by the LO signal to generate an IF signal. The second stage may include a first-order lowpass filter to minimize high frequency noise injection into the mixers 801-802. In one embodiment, the low pass filter comprises a passive low pass filter having a load resistor in parallel with the capacitor. In one embodiment, the first stage differential amplifier is coupled to the second stage differential amplifier via a differential inductor. In one embodiment, the mixer 801-802 is co-designed with a mm wave IQ generation circuit such as the mm wave IQ generation circuit 317 of FIG. 4 on a single monolithic integrated circuit. In one embodiment, a pair of differential inductors can be used to obtain current gain between two differential amplifier stages. Four inductors are included for better performance, for example, a pair of two differential inductors is used for each of the double IQ mixers. However, the four inductors include a large foot.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a co-design of a T / R switch 309 and an LNA 306 using an impedance matching network to further improve performance. The LNA306 is designed with different resonant loads in two stages to serve as a broadband front end. Separate shunt inductors are applied to the TX / RX inputs to mitigate the load effects of the parasitic capacitors due to the T / R switch 309 and the OFF state PA. The RX input shunt inductor LRX is further co-designed with Lg, Ls, Cgs of the first stage LNA to generate a higher order network for wideband input matching.

In the above specification, embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to specific exemplary embodiments thereof. It will be apparent that various modifications can be made without departing from the broad spirit and scope of the invention set forth in the appended claims. Therefore, the specification and drawings should be regarded as exemplary rather than limited.

302 RF Receiver 306 Low Noise Amplifier (LNA)
307 Mixer 308 Filter 309 T / R Switch 311 Low Pass Filter 312A, 312B IF Amplifier 313 Multiphase Filter 314 IF Amplifier 315 Local Oscillator 317 Trans-based IQ Generator

Claims (20)

Radio frequency (RF) receiver circuit
A low noise amplifier (LNA) that receives and amplifies RF signals,
A trans-based in-phase quadrature (IQ) generator that generates a differential in-phase local oscillator (LOI) signal and a differential quadrature (LOQ) signal based on a local oscillator (LO) signal received from the local oscillator.
A plurality of load resistors coupled to the output of the trans-based IQ generator, each coupling one of the differential LOI and LOQ signals to a predetermined bias voltage.
The amplified RF signal having one or more mixers coupled to the LNA and the trans-based IQ generator, receiving the amplified RF signal and mixing it with the differential LOI and LOQ signals. A downconverter that downconverts to an intermediate frequency (IF) signal, wherein the IF signal is processed by a signal processing module.
Radio frequency (RF) receiver circuit, including. The transformer-based IQ generator
A positive LOI (LOI +) port that generates an LOI + signal based on the LO signal,
A negative LOI (LOI-) port that generates a LOI- signal based on the LO signal, wherein the LOI + and LOI- signals represent the differential LOI signal, and a negative LOI (LOI-) port.
A positive LOQ (LOQ +) port that generates a LOQ + signal based on the LO signal,
A negative LOQ (LOQ-) port that generates a LOQ- signal based on the LO signal, wherein the LOQ + and LOQ- signals represent the differential LOC signal, and a negative LOQ (LOQ-) port.
The RF receiver circuit according to claim 1. The one or more mixers include a first mixer and a second mixer.
The down converter further
A first low-pass filter coupled to the first mixer and mixing the RF signal with a LOI + signal to generate a positive common mode IF (IFI +) signal.
A second low-pass filter coupled to the second mixer and mixing the RF signal with the LOI- signal to generate a negative common mode IF (IFI-) signal.
A first IF amplifier coupled to the first and second lowpass filters to amplify the IFI + and IFI- signals to generate a first differential IF signal.
2. The RF receiver circuit according to claim 2. The one or more mixers further include a third mixer and a fourth mixer.
The down converter further
A third low-pass filter coupled to the third mixer and mixing the RF signal with the LOQ + signal to generate a positive orthogonal IF (IFQ +) signal.
A fourth low-pass filter coupled to the fourth mixer and mixing the RF signal with the LOQ- signal to generate a negative orthogonal IF (IFQ-) signal.
A second IF amplifier coupled to the third and fourth low-pass filters to amplify the IFQ + and IFQ- signals to generate a second differential IF signal.
The RF receiver circuit according to claim 3. The down converter further
A polyphase filter (PPF) coupled to the first IF amplifier and the second IF amplifier to generate a third differential IF signal based on the first and second differential IF signals.
A third IF amplifier coupled to the PPF and amplifying the third differential IF signal to generate a fourth differential IF signal, wherein the fourth differential IF signal is the signal processing module. With a third IF amplifier, processed by
4. The RF receiver circuit according to claim 4. The plurality of load resistors are
A first load resistor coupled between the LOI + port and a given bias voltage.
A second load resistor coupled between the LOI-port and a given bias voltage,
A third load resistor coupled between the LOQ + port and a given bias voltage,
A fourth load resistor coupled between the LOQ-port and a predetermined bias voltage.
2. The RF receiver circuit according to claim 2. The RF receiver circuit according to claim 1, wherein each of the load resistors is in the range of 50 to 500 Ω. The RF receiver circuit according to claim 1, wherein the differential LOI and the differential LOQ signal are in the range of 25 to 50 gigahertz (GHz). Each of the mixers
A first stage amplifier having a first differential transistor pair with first and second transistors, the first gate terminal of the first transistor and the second gate terminal of the second transistor. Together with the first stage amplifier, which forms a differential RF input port that receives the differential RF input signal to be mixed.
A second differential transistor pair having a third transistor with a third gate terminal and a fourth transistor with a fourth gate terminal, and a fifth transistor and a fifth with a fifth gate terminal. A third differential transistor pair with a sixth transistor with six gate terminals, and a second stage amplifier with.
Including
The third gate terminal is coupled to the fifth gate terminal, the fourth gate terminal is coupled to the sixth gate terminal, and the third gate terminal and the fifth gate terminal are different. A dynamic LO input port is formed to receive a differential LO drive signal that drives the mixer.
The RF receiver circuit according to claim 1. The first drain terminal of the first transistor of the first differential transistor pair is the source of the third and fourth transistors of the second differential transistor pair via the first inductor. The second drain terminal of the second transistor of the first differential transistor pair, which is coupled to the terminal, is connected to the fifth and the fifth of the third differential transistor pair via the second inductor. The RF receiver circuit according to claim 9, which is coupled to the source terminal of the transistor of 6. The RF receiver circuit according to claim 10, wherein the first inductor and the second inductor form a differential inductor pair. 11. The RF receiver circuit of claim 11, wherein the differential inductor pair comprises a single inductor footprint that shares a common virtual ground. The drain terminal of the third transistor is coupled to the drain terminal of the fifth transistor as a first output, and the drain terminal of the fourth transistor is a drain terminal of the sixth transistor as a second output. 9. The RF receiver circuit of claim 9, wherein the first and second outputs are coupled to form a differential output port to output a differential mixed signal. Radio frequency (RF) front-end circuit
The transmit / receive (T / R) switch coupled to the antenna,
An RF transmitter coupled to the T / R switch and transmitting an RF signal via the antenna.
An RF receiver coupled to the T / R switch and receiving an RF signal via the antenna, wherein the T / R switch attaches the RF transmitter or the RF receiver to the antenna at a specific time point. To combine with the RF receiver,
The RF receiver includes
A low noise amplifier (LNA) that receives and amplifies RF signals,
A trans-based in-phase quadrature (IQ) generator that generates a differential in-phase local oscillator (LOI) signal and a differential quadrature (LOQ) signal based on a local oscillator (LO) signal received from the local oscillator.
A plurality of load resistors coupled to the output of the trans-based IQ generator, each coupling one of the differential LOI and LOQ signals to a predetermined bias voltage.
The amplified RF signal having one or more mixers coupled to the LNA and the trans-based IQ generator, receiving the amplified RF signal and mixing it with the differential LOI and LOQ signals. Is a downconverter that downconverts to an intermediate frequency (IF) signal, the IF signal being processed by a signal processing module, including a downconverter.
Radio frequency (RF) front-end circuit. The transformer-based IQ generator
A positive LOI (LOI +) port that generates an LOI + signal based on the LO signal,
A negative LOI (LOI-) port that generates a LOI- signal based on the LO signal, wherein the LOI + and LOI- signals represent the differential LOI signal, and a negative LOI (LOI-) port.
A positive LOQ (LOQ +) port that generates a LOQ + signal based on the LO signal,
A negative LOQ (LOQ-) port that generates a LOQ- signal based on the LO signal, wherein the LOQ + and LOQ- signals represent the differential LOC signal, and a negative LOQ (LOQ-) port.
14. The RF front-end circuit of claim 14. The plurality of load resistors are
A first load resistor coupled between the LOI + port and a given bias voltage.
A second load resistor coupled between the LOI-port and a given bias voltage,
A third load resistor coupled between the LOQ + port and a given bias voltage,
A fourth load resistor coupled between the LOQ-port and a predetermined bias voltage.
15. The RF front-end circuit of claim 15. The RF front-end circuit of claim 14, wherein each of the load resistors is in the range of 50-500Ω. It ’s a mobile device,
With the antenna
A radio frequency (RF) receiver that receives RF signals via the antenna,
The RF receiver includes
A low noise amplifier (LNA) that receives and amplifies RF signals,
A trans-based in-phase quadrature (IQ) generator that generates a differential in-phase local oscillator (LOI) signal and a differential quadrature (LOQ) signal based on a local oscillator (LO) signal received from the local oscillator.
A plurality of load resistors coupled to the output of the trans-based IQ generator, each coupling one of the differential LOI and LOQ signals to a predetermined bias voltage.
Having one or more mixers coupled to the LNA and the trans-based IQ generator, the amplified RF signal is received and mixed with the differential LOI and LOQ signals to the amplified RF signal. Is a downconverter that downconverts to an intermediate frequency (IF) signal, the IF signal comprising a downconverter, which is processed by a signal processing module.
The mobile device comprises a signal processor that processes the IF signal.
Mobile device. The transformer-based IQ generator
A positive LOI (LOI +) port that generates an LOI + signal based on the LO signal,
A negative LOI (LOI-) port that generates a LOI- signal based on the LO signal, wherein the LOI + and LOI- signals represent the differential LOI signal, and a negative LOI (LOI-) port.
A positive LOQ (LOQ +) port that generates a LOQ + signal based on the LO signal,
A negative LOQ (LOQ-) port that generates a LOQ- signal based on the LO signal, wherein the LOQ + and LOQ- signals represent the differential LOC signal, and a negative LOQ (LOQ-) port.
18. The mobile device of claim 18. The plurality of load resistors are
A first load resistor coupled between the LOI + port and a given bias voltage.
A second load resistor coupled between the LOI-port and a given bias voltage,
A third load resistor coupled between the LOQ + port and a given bias voltage,
A fourth load resistor coupled between the LOQ-port and a predetermined bias voltage.
19. The mobile device of claim 19.

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