JP2022148350A - Self-aligning roller bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a self-aligning roller bearing for suppressing generation of deflection of a column part of a cage in pocket machining.SOLUTION: Provided is a self-aligning roller bearing, in which spherical rollers 4 are incorporated between a spherical raceway 7 of an outer ring 2 and each of double row raceways 8 and 8 of an inner ring 3, the spherical rollers 4 by row are held by a cage 5, and a guide ring 6 is arranged on the side of the inner ring 3 between the raceways 8 and 8 of the inner ring 2. The cage 5, which is a machined cage, has a pocket inner surface 12a forming a cylindrical surface formed by a column part 11 of the cage 5. A center C of the pocket inner surface 12a is orthogonal to an action line F having a contact angle θ of the spherical rollers 4 by row. A tip part 13 in an axial direction of the column part 11 extends out in parallel with the center C of the pocket inner surface 12a from the axial direction outer side of a position of the action line F of the column 11, and the tip part 13 has an outer end surface 13a orthogonal to the center C of the pocket inner surface 12a. The tip part 13 of one column part 11 located on one side in the axial direction of the cage 5 has a flank 14 forming a space S in which an outer diameter part of the guide ring 6 can pass on the inner diameter side thereof.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a self-aligning roller bearing that is used for rotating shaft support parts of various industrial machines such as construction machines, steel facilities, and wind power generators.

In general, large loads are applied to rotary shaft support portions of various industrial machinery such as construction machinery, steel equipment, and wind power generators. For this reason, self-aligning roller bearings, which have a high load capacity and can receive vibration and shock loads, are used.

As a self-aligning roller bearing, for example, as shown in FIGS. Double-row spherical rollers 35 interposed between the inner ring 31 and the spherical raceways 32 in each row, cages 36 that hold the spherical rollers 35 in each row in the circumferential direction, and inner rings between the spherical rollers 35 in each row and a guide wheel 37 located on the 31 side.

The retainer 36 is formed in a comb shape with an annular rim portion 38 and a plurality of column portions 39 axially extending from a plurality of circumferential locations on the axial outer surface of the rim portion 38 . A pocket 40 for holding the spherical roller 35 is formed between the pillars 39 adjacent in the circumferential direction.

A pocket inner surface 39 a forming the pocket 40 of each column portion 39 is formed into a cylindrical surface corresponding to the maximum diameter of the spherical roller 35 . Each column 39 extends in the axial direction, and the cylindrical pocket inner surface 39a is positioned so that its center C is perpendicular to the line of action F1 of the resultant force transmitted to the rolling elements by the bearing ring, It is inclined with respect to the column portion 39 . Therefore, the pocket inner surface 39a of each column 39 is formed by drilling in the direction along the center C of the inclined cylindrical surface.

Further, in self-aligning roller bearings, the columns of the cage are arranged parallel to the central axis (rotation axis) of the spherical rollers in each row (see Patent Document 1), or the columns of the cage (see Patent Document 2) in which a retaining portion is formed at the tip portion of the roller and is inclined radially inward to hold the spherical roller.

JP 2010-25191 A JP 2019-15293 A

In the self-aligning roller bearing shown in FIG. 14, the center C of the pocket inner surface 39a is inclined with respect to the column portion 39. As shown in FIG. Therefore, when drilling is performed to form the pocket 40 of the retainer 36 , there is a possibility that the column portion 39 will be pushed outward in the radial direction, causing the column portion 39 to bend.

In the self-aligning roller bearing disclosed in Patent Document 1, the axial outer end surface of the column portion of the retainer is formed parallel to the axial outer end surface of the bearing. For this reason, when cutting with a drill to form the pockets of the cage, a force is generated that pushes the outer end face of the column in the axial direction outward in the radial direction. There is a risk of warping.

In the self-aligning roller bearing disclosed in Patent Document 2, the end surface of the retaining portion formed at the tip of the column portion is parallel to the axial outer end surface of the bearing. For this reason, as in the case of the retainer of the self-aligning roller bearing described in Patent Document 1, there is a risk that the pillars will be deflected due to the machining performed by the drill.

As a result of the bending of the column, the angle (pocket angle) between the center of the pocket inner surface of the retainer and the center axis of the bearing deviates from the design range, resulting in poor rotation of the bearing.

Accordingly, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a self-aligning roller bearing that suppresses deflection of the column portion of the retainer during pocketing.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an outer ring having a spherical raceway on the inner circumference, an inner ring having a double-row raceway on the outer circumference, and a spherical raceway on the outer ring and a double-row raceway on the inner ring. A self-aligning roller bearing comprising double rows of spherical rollers incorporated between each and a retainer that holds the spherical rollers for each row,
The retainer is a machined retainer, and the retainer extends axially outward from an annular rim portion and outer side surfaces on both sides in the axial direction of the rim portion, along the circumferential direction of the rim portion. A plurality of pillars are provided, and pockets are provided between the pillars adjacent in the circumferential direction, and the pillars have pocket inner surfaces forming the pockets, and the pocket inner surfaces are formed into cylindrical surfaces. The center of the pocket inner surface is perpendicular to the line of action forming the contact angle of the spherical rollers for each row, and the tip of the column in the axial direction is located at the position of the line of action of the column. also extends in parallel to the center of the inner surface of the pocket from the outside in the axial direction, and the tip portion has an outer end surface orthogonal to the center of the inner surface of the pocket.

The retainer of this configuration is a machined retainer, and when a pocket is formed in a cylindrical workpiece formed in the retainer, the center of the inner surface of the pocket and the cut surface of the cylindrical surface are aligned. The drill is moved toward the rim portion of the retainer while being aligned with the center of rotation of the drill. In the retainer of this configuration, each post in each row has a tip extending parallel to the center of the inner surface of the pocket formed on the cylindrical surface. The outer end surface of the tip portion is perpendicular to the center of the pocket inner surface. Therefore, the outer end face of the portion of the work formed at the tip of the column can receive the pressing force acting along the center of the inner surface of the pocket due to the movement of the drill. In addition, the radially outward pushing force of the drill is less likely to act on the column formed as the drill moves, thereby suppressing the occurrence of deflection of the column.

In the retainer having the above structure, the tip portions of the plurality of column portions for each row extend parallel to the center of the inner surface of the pocket, and the tip portions are bent radially inward. The tip portion in such a state interferes and the guide ring cannot be inserted between the rim portion of the retainer and the inner ring. Therefore, when inserting the guide wheel, the following configuration can be adopted.

That is, in the above configuration, a guide ring positioned on the inner ring side between the raceways of the inner ring is provided, and at least one of the plurality of pillars positioned on one side in the axial direction of the retainer has a guide ring. The tip portion has a flank on its inner diameter side that forms a space through which the outer diameter portion of the guide ring can pass. It is possible to adopt a configuration formed between the axial inner edge of the

With this configuration, the outer diameter portion of the guide ring can be passed axially inward toward the rim portion of the cage along the flank surface of the tip portion of the column portion, so that the guide ring can pass through the rim portion of the cage. can be arranged radially inward of the

A configuration may be adopted in which guide portions protruding radially inward are provided on both sides in the circumferential direction of the flank of the tip portion. In this case, when the outer diameter portion of the guide ring is moved toward the rim portion of the retainer along the flank, the guide portion restricts movement of the guide ring in both circumferential directions. Therefore, it becomes easier to move the guide wheel in the axial direction.

In this configuration, the number of pockets per row of the retainer is an even number, and the flanks are formed at the tips of two pillars that are diametrically opposed to each other in the retainer. configuration can be employed. In this case, the guide ring can be axially displaced toward the rim of the cage between the flanks of the tips of the two pillars that are diametrically opposed to each other in the cage. .

According to the present invention, the column portion of the retainer has a tip portion extending parallel to the center of the inner surface of the pocket, and the outer end surface of the tip portion is formed so as to be perpendicular to the center of the inner surface of the pocket. Therefore, when the pocket of the retainer is produced by shaving with a drill, the extending direction of the tip portion is parallel to the feed direction of the drill, and the outer end surface of the tip portion and the tip portion of the drill face each other. . Therefore, it is difficult for a force to push the cage outward in the radial direction to occur, and it is possible to suppress the occurrence of deflection of the column portion, thereby suppressing the occurrence of poor rotation of the bearing.

1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a self-aligning roller bearing of a first embodiment according to this invention; A longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which a guide ring is inserted into the same spherical roller bearing. Front view showing the spherical roller bearing same as above Enlarged front view showing the same spherical roller bearing (a) A front view showing a state in which a guide ring is passed through a cage having an odd number of pockets, (b) A front view showing a state in which a guide ring is fitted radially inside the same cage. (a) A front view showing a state in which the outer diameter part of the guide ring is passed through the flank of the same column part, (b) A key showing the positional relationship between the flank face of the same column part and the outer diameter part of the guide ring. Enlarged explanatory view of part FIG. 4 is a front view showing a state in which a guide ring is passed through a retainer having an even number of pockets; Explanatory drawing showing a state in which a retainer pocket is produced by machining with a drill. FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a self-aligning roller bearing according to a second embodiment of the present invention; Enlarged front view showing the same spherical roller bearing (a) Front view showing a state in which a guide ring is passed through a retainer having an odd number of pockets, (b) Enlarged explanatory view of a main part showing a state in which a guide ring is fitted radially inwardly of the same retainer. (a) A front view showing a state in which the outer diameter part of the guide ring is passed through the flank of the same column part, (b) A key showing the positional relationship between the flank face of the same column part and the outer diameter part of the guide ring. Enlarged explanatory view of part FIG. 4 is a front view showing a state in which a guide ring is passed through a retainer having an even number of pockets; Longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a conventional spherical roller bearing Front view showing spherical roller bearing

A self-aligning roller bearing according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8. FIG. A self-aligning roller bearing 1 of this embodiment comprises an outer ring 2, an inner ring 3 arranged coaxially radially inside the outer ring 2, and a plurality of spherical rollers 4 incorporated between the outer ring 2 and the inner ring 3. and a cage 5 for holding the spherical rollers 4. The self-aligning roller bearing 1 may comprise a guide ring 6 arranged between the cage 5 and the inner ring 3 .

Here, the "circumferential direction" means the circumferential direction around the central axis O of the bearing, unless otherwise specified. Unless otherwise specified, the direction along the central axis O of the bearing is simply referred to as the "axial direction", and the direction perpendicular to the central axis O is simply referred to as the "radial direction".

The outer ring 2 consists of an integral annular part. The outer ring 2 has a single spherical raceway 7 formed on its inner periphery. The spherical raceway 7 has a shape along a spherical surface having a predetermined radius of curvature from a point on the central axis O of the bearing. The outer ring 2 has an oil hole 9 passing through the inner peripheral portion and the outer peripheral portion. The oil hole 9 is formed in the spherical raceway 7 of the outer ring 2 and has a circular opening 9a located in the center in the axial direction. A plurality of oil holes 9 are provided in the circumferential direction of the outer ring 2 . It should be noted that the oil hole 9 may be provided only at one location on the outer ring 2 .

The inner ring 3 is a double-row raceway ring having two double-row raceways 8, 8 on its outer peripheral portion. Each track 8, 8 is shaped along a spherical surface having a radius of curvature. The outer peripheral portion of the inner ring 3 is formed with flange portions 3a, 3a at both ends in the axial direction. The collar portion 3a is located axially outside the two tracks 8,8. An axially outer end surface of the flange portion 3 a is located on the same plane as an axially outer end surface of the inner ring 3 . The axially inner end surface of the flange portion 3 a is parallel to the axially outer roller end surface 4 b of the spherical roller 4 .

The spherical roller 4 has a generatrix-shaped rolling surface 4a that makes point contact with the spherical raceway 7 of the outer ring 2 on a plane including the roller center axis. The spherical rollers 4 are installed in a double row between the spherical raceway 7 of the outer ring 2 and the raceway 8 of the inner ring 3 with intervals in the circumferential direction. Spherical rollers 4 incorporated in each row are rotatably held by retainers 5 .

The retainer 5 extends axially outward from an annular rim portion 10 positioned between the two rows of spherical rollers 4 and from outer surfaces on both sides of the rim portion 10 in the axial direction. It has a plurality of pillars 11 provided along. Outer surfaces on both sides in the axial direction of the rim portion 10 face axially inner roller end surfaces 4 b of the two rows of spherical rollers 4 .

The plurality of columnar portions 11 extending from one axial outer surface of the rim portion 10 and the plurality of columnar portions 11 extending from the other axial outer surface of the rim portion 10 are the same in number and odd in number. The phases in the circumferential direction are shifted by half a pitch. As shown in FIG. 3 , retainer 5 has a plurality of pockets 12 formed by rim portion 10 and adjacent post portions 11 . The pocket inner surfaces 12 a of the adjacent column portions 11 , 11 facing the circumferential direction are formed into cylindrical surfaces having an inner diameter corresponding to the maximum diameter of the spherical rollers 4 . The center C of the pocket inner surface 12a is perpendicular to the line of action F forming the contact angle θ of the spherical rollers 4 for each row. A line of action F is a line along which a resultant force of forces transmitted to the spherical rollers 4 in each row by the outer ring 2 and the inner ring 3 acts.

Each column 11 has its axial tip 13 extending from the outside of the line of action F in the axial direction parallel to the center C of the pocket inner surface 12a. The tip portion 13 has an outer end surface 13a perpendicular to the center C of the pocket inner surface 12a.

As shown in FIG. 5( a ), among the plurality of columns 11 positioned on one side in the axial direction of the retainer 5 , the tip portion 13 of one column 11 has a center C of the pocket inner surface 12 a on its inner diameter side. A flank 14 is formed at a position along the axial direction to escape to the outer diameter side (see FIG. 2). The flank 14 extends from the axially inner edge of the tip portion 13 to the outer end surface 13a.

As shown in FIG. 4, guide portions 14a, 14a projecting radially inward are formed on both sides of the flank 14 in the circumferential direction. The flank 14 and the guide portion 14a are groove-shaped on the inner diameter side of the tip portion 13 . The flank 14 forms a space S through which the outer diameter portion of the guide ring 6 can pass. As shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the circumferential width dimension W1 of the flank face 14 is the same as or slightly larger than the axial width dimension W2 of the guide ring 6 . The inner diameter dimension R1 of the flank face 14 is larger than the outer diameter dimension R2 of the guide ring 6 . The retainer 5 is a machined retainer in which each pocket 12 is machined by drilling, and is a comb-shaped retainer of a bearing ring guide type guided by the inner ring 3 by the guide ring 6 .

The guide ring 6 is an annular member having a trapezoidal cross section and is arranged between the rim portion 10 of the retainer 5 and the outer peripheral portion between the raceways 8 , 8 of the inner ring 3 . The guide ring 6 has an outer diameter dimension smaller than the inner diameter dimension R1 of the column portion 11 other than the tip portion 13 . Both axial end surfaces of the guide ring 6 face the axially inner roller end surfaces 4b of the spherical rollers 4 in each row.

The self-aligning roller bearing 1 of the first embodiment of the invention is constructed as described above. Next, a method of manufacturing the retainer 5 of the self-aligning roller bearing 1 of this embodiment will be described. First, a tubular workpiece 30 made of self-lubricating copper alloy is manufactured. The work 30 is manufactured in a cylindrical shape having the shape of the axial cross section (the cross section on the plane passing through the central axis of the work 30) at the rim portion 10 of the retainer 5 and the column portions 11 of each row over the entire circumference (Fig. 8).

Next, the workpiece 30 is cut by rotating a drill 50 that forms a cylindrical machining surface having the same diameter as the maximum diameter of the spherical roller 4 . In this cutting process, the drill 50 is rotated from the outside in the axial direction with the center C of the pocket inner surface 12a of the pocket 12 aligned with the center C of the pocket inner surface 12a of the pocket 12. Move toward the central part.

When the drill 50 is used for cutting, the axial outer end surface (outer end surface 13a of the tip portion 13) of the portion of the workpiece 30 formed at the tip portion 13 of the column portion 11 is positioned relative to the center C of the pocket inner surface 12a. are perpendicular to each other, they face the end face of the drill 50 directly. A portion formed at the tip portion 13 of the workpiece 30 extends parallel to the center C of the pocket inner surface 12a. The portion formed at the tip portion 13 of the workpiece 30 can receive the pressing force applied along the center C of the pocket inner surface 12a by the drill 50 . As a result, the radially outward pushing force of the drill 50 is less likely to act on the column portion 11 that is formed as the drill 50 moves, and the occurrence of deflection of the column portion 11 is suppressed.

Subsequently, the machining by the drill 50 described above is performed on both sides of the workpiece 30 in the axial direction at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, thereby forming a plurality of column portions in which the pockets 12 are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on both sides in the axial direction. 11 is formed. Then, the retainer 5 is manufactured by forming the flank 14 on the inner diameter side of the tip portion 13 of one of the plurality of pillars 11 on one side in the axial direction.

As described above, the self-aligning roller bearing 1 is prevented from flexing outward in the radial direction with respect to the column portion 11 when the retainer 5 is manufactured. With this retainer 5, the angle (pocket angle) between the center C of the pocket inner surface 12a and the central axis O of the bearing falls within the design value, and the occurrence of poor rotation of the bearing can be suppressed.

Further, of the plurality of columns 11 positioned on one side in the axial direction of the retainer 5, the tip portion 13 of one column 11 has a flank 14 formed on the inner diameter side. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6(b), the outer diameter portion of the guide ring 6 rotated 90 degrees with respect to the rim portion 10 of the retainer 5 is the space formed by the flank 14 of the tip portion 13. It becomes possible to pass through S. When the guide ring 6 is axially moved along the flank 14 toward the rim portion 10 of the retainer 5, the circumferential movement is restricted by the guide portion 14a so that the guide ring 6 can be moved smoothly.

The guide ring 6, which has moved axially to the rim portion 10 of the retainer 5, is rotated by 90 degrees and positioned radially inside the rim portion 10 of the retainer 5, as shown in FIG. 5(b). can be done. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a state in which the guide ring 6 cannot be arranged radially inside the rim portion 10 of the retainer 5 due to interference of the tip portion 13 of the column portion 11 .

As shown in FIG. 7, the self-aligning roller bearing according to the first embodiment can also be used for a retainer 5 in which the number of pockets 12 in each row is an even number. In this case, the flanks 14 are formed at the tips 13 of the two pillars 11 that are diametrically opposed to each other on the retainer 5 . The flanks 14 formed at the tip portions 13 of the two pillars 11 form a space S through which the outer diameter portion of the guide ring 6 can pass. As a result, the outer diameter portion of the guide ring 6 can be axially passed through between the flanks 14 formed at the tip portions 13 of the two pillar portions 11 toward the rim portion 10 of the retainer 5 . .

Next, FIGS. 9 to 13 show a self-aligning roller bearing according to a second embodiment of the invention. The second embodiment is different from the above-described first embodiment in that the flanks 14 formed at the tip portions 13 of the column portions 11 of the retainer 5 do not have the guide portions 14a on both sides in the circumferential direction. . Other configurations that are considered to be the same as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted.

As shown in FIG. 11, the retainer 5 has an odd number of pockets 12 on one side in the axial direction, which is greater than the retainer 5 of the first embodiment described above. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B, the width dimension W3 of the distal end portion 13 of the column portion 11 in the circumferential direction is smaller than the width dimension W2 of the guide wheel 6 in the axial direction. Also, the inner diameter R1 of the flank 14 is larger than the outer diameter R2 of the guide ring 6 . In the retainer 5 having such a dimensional relationship, one of the plurality of pillars 11 on one side in the axial direction has a notched flank 14 on the inner diameter side of the tip 13 of one pillar 11 . formed. The entire surface on the inner diameter side of the tip portion 13 constitutes a flank 14 (see FIGS. 9 and 10). The flank 14 forms a space S through which the outer diameter portion of the guide ring 6 can pass, as in the first embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 11(a), also in this embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the outer diameter portion of the guide ring 6 rotated 90 degrees with respect to the rim portion 10 of the retainer 5 is It becomes possible to pass through the space S formed by the flank 14 of the tip portion 13 . The guide ring 6 can be moved axially along the flank 14 towards the rim portion 10 of the retainer 5 . The guide ring 6 that has moved axially to the rim portion 10 of the retainer 5 can be rotated 90 degrees and positioned radially inside the rim portion 10 of the retainer 5 (see FIG. 11(b)). .

Further, as shown in FIG. 13, the self-aligning roller bearing of the second embodiment can also be employed for a retainer 5 in which the number of pockets 12 in each row is an even number. In this case, the flanks 14 are formed at the tip portions 13 of two of the plurality of pillars 11 on one axial side of the retainer 5 that are diametrically opposed to each other. The flanks 14 formed at the tip portions 13 of the two pillars 11 form a space S through which the outer diameter portion of the guide ring 6 can pass.

1 Spherical Roller Bearing 2 Outer Ring 3 Inner Ring 3a Flange 4 Spherical Roller 4a Rolling Surface 4b Roller End Face 5 Cage 6 Guide Ring 7 Spherical Raceway 8 Raceway 9 Oil Hole 9a Opening 10 Rim 11 Column 12 Pocket 12a Pocket Inner surface 13 Tip portion 13a Outer end surface 14 Flank surface 14a Guide portion 30 Work 50 Drill C Center F, F1 Line of action O Central axis S Space

Claims (4)

An outer ring (2) having a spherical raceway (7) on its inner circumference, an inner ring (3) having a double-row raceway (8) on its outer circumference, the spherical raceway (7) of the outer ring (2) and the inner ring ( 3) with double-row spherical rollers (4) incorporated between each of the double-row raceways (8) and cages (5) holding the spherical rollers (4) for each row In aligning roller bearings,
The retainer (5) is a machined retainer, and the retainer (5) includes an annular rim portion (10) and axially outwardly extending from the outer surfaces on both sides of the rim portion (10) in the axial direction. It has a plurality of pillars (11) that extend out and are provided along the circumferential direction of the rim (10), and pockets (12) that are provided between the pillars (11) adjacent in the circumferential direction,
The column (11) has a pocket inner surface (12a) forming the pocket (12),
The pocket inner surface (12a) is formed as a cylindrical surface, and the center of the pocket inner surface (12a) is perpendicular to the line of action forming the contact angle of the spherical rollers (4) for each row,
An axial tip (13) of the column (11) extends parallel to the center of the pocket inner surface (12a) from the axially outer side of the line of action of the column (11). , A self-aligning roller bearing, wherein said tip portion (13) has an outer end surface (13a) orthogonal to the center of said pocket inner surface (12a). A plurality of pillars ( 11), the tip portion (13) of at least one column portion (11) has a flank (14) forming a space on the inner diameter side thereof through which the outer diameter portion of the guide ring (6) can pass. ), and the flank (14) of the tip (13) is formed between the outer end surface (13a) of the tip (13) and the axial inner edge of the tip (13). A self-aligning roller bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that . 3. The self-aligning roller bearing according to claim 2, wherein guide portions (14a) protruding radially inward are provided on both circumferential sides of the flank (14) of the tip portion (13). Two posts in which the number of pockets (12) per row of the retainer (5) is an even number and the flanks (14) are diametrically opposed to the retainer (5). 4. A self-aligning roller bearing according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that it is formed at the tip (13) of (11).

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