JP2022134329A - Method for constructing underground structure - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a method for constructing an underground structure capable of shortening the entire process by segmenting a concrete box and assembling it behind a cutting edge, further, since the concrete box body is not propelled, the propulsion equipment only needs to propel the cutting edge, and capable of saving the labor of the propulsion equipment in long-distance construction.SOLUTION: In a method for constructing underground structures such as tunnels replacing row groups of box-shaped roofs and concrete boxes by inserting box-shaped roofs, which are rectangular steel pipes as protective work, from a starting shaft, arranging them in a row group in an U-shape, and pushing out the box-shaped roofs, a concrete box assembling step of assembling the concrete box at a rear part of a rectangular or gate-shaped steel shell having a cutting edge, which is composed of segments, a rows of box-shaped roofs propelling step of propelling a row of box roofs by the steel shell as a propulsion reaction body, and a steel shell propelling step of propelling the steel shell with the concrete box as a propulsive reaction body after advancing the rows of box roofs are sequentially repeated.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used to excavate and construct an underground structure with a small or large cross-section in the lower underground such as a railway, a road, an underground river, a waterway, an underground communication passage, etc., in a longitudinal or transverse direction without interfering with the upper traffic. The present invention relates to a construction method for underground structures that can be constructed.

In order to excavate a large underground structure such as a railway or road in a transverse direction, protective work is required to support the upper traffic, such as installing a pipe roof that parallels steel pipes horizontally. is given.

However, if a pipe roof is formed as a separate construction work, and then an underground structure is constructed by excavating it, or the underground structure is excavated under the pipe roof, this pipe roof exists. The earth cover becomes thicker by the amount. Moreover, the protective work for the pipe roof construction is a separate work from the main work for burying the underground structure, so the construction cost and construction period are large.

Conventionally, there is a method of constructing an underground structure as shown in FIGS. (For example, see Patent Document 1 below)
JP-A-55-19312

As shown in FIG. 19, earth-retaining steel sheet piles 2 are driven beside an upper transport 1 such as a railway, a starting pit 3 and an arrival pit 4 are constructed, and a propulsion machine 5 is installed in the starting pit 3. After installation, a box-shaped roof 6, which is a roof cylinder, is press-fitted toward the reaching pit 4. - 特許庁

As shown in FIG. 21, the box-shaped roof 6 is a box-shaped cylindrical body having a substantially square cross section, and hook-shaped joints 6a and 6b are continuously formed on the side surfaces in the longitudinal direction. A cutter plate 7 is attached.

The box-shaped roof 6 is made by press-fitting unit cylinders one by one, and joint flanges for bolt connection are formed at the ends, and the joint flanges are fastened together with bolts and nuts to extend the length of each piece. The necessary length is buried by adding it in the direction, and it is arranged side by side while making it continuous in the horizontal direction via the joints 6a and 6b.

Fastening with the bolts and nuts is performed at the end corners of the box-shaped roof 6, which are opened outwardly.

The arrangement of the box-shaped roof cylinders 6 is appropriately selected according to the concrete box body 9 which is an underground structure to be arranged in a straight line shape, a gate shape, a box shape, or the like. FIG. 23 shows the case of arranging them in square shape.

The propulsion device 5 has an extrusion mechanism such as a jack for the box-shaped roof 6 and an internal excavation mechanism for the box-shaped roof 6 such as an auger.

Next, as shown in FIG. 20, an underground structure consisting of a reaction wall 8 and a concrete box 9 is set in the starting pit 3, and a main pushing jack 10 is provided between the reaction wall 8 and the concrete box 9. A cutting edge 11 is provided at the tip of the concrete box 9, and a small jack 12 is interposed between the tip of the concrete box 9 and the box-shaped roof 6. - 特許庁Although illustration is omitted, the small jack 12 is stored in a short box-shaped roof as a jack storage tube.

In the figure, reference numeral 13 denotes a support member for the box-shaped roof 6, and 14 a stop member for the friction cutter plate 7. These are provided on the side of the starting hole 3, and a pedestal 15 is provided on the side of the landing hole 4.

The small jack 12 is extended to push forward the box-shaped roofs 6 one by one while leaving the friction cutter plate 7 with the concrete box 9 as a reaction force. , This time, the original pushing jack 10 is extended to excavate the concrete box 9.

In the figure, 16 indicates a strut interposed between the original pushing jack 10 and the concrete box 9. As shown in FIG.

In this way, the box-shaped roof 6 and the concrete box body 9 are alternately moved forward, and the box-shaped roof 6 exposed to the reaching pit 4 is sequentially removed.

Then, when the tip of the concrete box 9 reaches the reaching pit 4, the cutting edge 11 is removed and back-filling grout is appropriately performed to complete the construction.

The construction method is a promotion method in which the concrete box 9 is pushed out from the starting pit 3 toward the reaching pit 4 by the main pushing jack 10, and is installed on the reaching pit 4 side as shown in FIGS. There is also a traction method in which the concrete box body 9 is pulled from the departure pit 3 side toward the arrival pit 4 side with a traction facility.

In this traction method, a reaction force body 21 is provided by the natural ground on the reaching pit 4 side, and a vertical shaft is constructed by further excavating the front of this reaction force body 21, and a reaction wall 23 is formed as a reaction pile 22 in this vertical shaft. set up.

A towing jack 24 is attached to the rear part of the concrete box 9 set on the starting platform 20 of the starting pit 3, and the other end of the towing cable 25 attached to the towing jack 24 is fixed to the reaction wall 23. It settles on the device 26 .

In this way, the traction jack 24 is operated and the concrete box 9 is pulled from the starting hole 3 toward the arrival hole 4 by the pulling cable 25. - 特許庁

For the concrete box 9, precast concrete boxes are successively lowered into the starting hole 3 and connected, or concrete is placed in the starting hole 3 to increase the required length.

By the way, in the construction method described above, regarding the method of extending the concrete box 9, if the necessary length is increased by casting concrete in the starting hole 3, a considerable amount of space is required in the starting hole 3 for form work and the like. necessary.

In addition, even in the method in which relatively narrow precast concrete boxes (having a rectangular ring shape) are successively lowered into the starting pit 3 and connected to each other, precast concrete boxes with a large cross section can be used. The body itself also becomes large, and it is difficult and dangerous to carry out the work of lowering it into the starting hole 3 and the joining work in the narrow starting hole 3 .

In addition, it is possible to segment the concrete box, but unlike the shield method, in the jacking method, the concrete box itself that is excavated directly receives the driving force of the jack. Damage such as cracks and chips may also occur.

Patent Document 2 below discloses that the use of split segments makes it possible to construct a box with a large cross-section even in a narrow vertical shaft, and the segments themselves are not likely to be damaged even if they receive the propulsive force of a jack. proposed as a construction method.
JP 2008-223397 A

As shown in FIG. 24, the rectangular concrete box 19 is composed of divided segments. 10 is extended to push the box-shaped roof 6 and the concrete box 19 forward by one ring. As a result, the concrete box 19 is dug.

After excavating the concrete box 19 for the first ring, assemble the second ring behind the concrete box 19 and excavate in the same way. Repeat extrusion excavation.

The box-shaped roof 6 going out to the reaching pit 4 is removed one by one to the ground. When the cutting edge 11 reaches the reaching pit 4, it is also removed. When the tip of the concrete box 19 reaches the reaching pit 4, construction is completed.

In the above-mentioned conventional method, both the on-site production of the concrete box and the secondary product (segment) are carried out by the main pushing propulsion method, so the longer the construction extension, the greater the propulsion force.

In addition, since the cutting edge and the whole box were pushed (pushed into the ground), there was disturbance of the ground around the box due to the propulsion.

As for the backfilling of the concrete box surrounding surface, void injection and lubricant injection (sliding effect) were performed as needed during propulsion, and backfilling (solidification effect) was performed after the box was propelled. Since backfill injection performed during propulsion is mainly required for lubricating effect, it cannot be expected to have a solidifying effect with the ground, and it may cause subsidence of the surrounding ground.

Furthermore, in the case of the segment method of Patent Document 2, it is necessary that the segments themselves are not likely to be damaged even if they receive the propulsive force of the jack. A special segment is required, such as using a sandwich-type rectangular high-rigidity synthetic segment that is filled with concrete inside a closed steel shell composed of side plates.

The object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages of the conventional example, and to segment the concrete box and assemble it behind the blade, so that the overall process can be shortened. To provide a method for constructing an underground structure that only needs to propel a cutting edge and can save the labor of propelling equipment in long-distance construction.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention as defined in claim 1 inserts box-shaped roofs, which are rectangular steel pipes, as protective work from a starting hole and arranges them in a U-shaped row group of box-shaped roofs. This is a method of constructing underground structures such as tunnels by replacing rows of box-shaped roofs and concrete boxes by extruding them. Assembling this at the rear of a rectangular or gate-shaped steel shell, the rows of box-shaped roofs propel the steel shells as propulsion reaction bodies, and after the rows of box-shaped roofs advance, the steel shells The gist of the method is to sequentially repeat the steps of assembling the concrete box, the step of propelling the row group of the box-shaped roof, and the step of propelling the steel shell, in which the concrete box is propelled as a propulsion reaction force.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the process of assembling the concrete box, the process of propelling the rows of box-shaped roofs, and the process of propelling the steel shell are sequentially repeated. Since this is assembled at the rear of a rectangular or gate-shaped steel shell with a cutting edge, the space that was used to manufacture, install, and assemble the concrete box in the starting side shaft is unnecessary, and a precast concrete box There is no difficulty and danger involved in the lifting work and joining work, such as the method of sequentially lowering the bodies into the starting hole and connecting them, in a narrow starting hole.

In addition, since the concrete box is not pushed, the pushing equipment only needs to push the cutting edge, and in long-distance construction, the labor of the pushing equipment can be reduced, the entire process can be shortened, and the loosening of the surrounding ground can be prevented.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, a rectangular or gate-shaped steel shell body is provided on the inside, and a rectangular or gate-shaped frame is provided on the inside to extend the skin plates forward and backward, and the inside is excavated by a shovel such as a backhoe. The gist of this is to secure a workable excavation work space.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the rectangular or gate-shaped steel shell serves as a thrust reaction force for propelling the rows of box-shaped roofs, and the front side surface of the rectangular or gate-shaped skeleton frame is supported by the jack. The rear side surface of the rectangular or gate-shaped skeleton frame serves as the pressure bearing surface of the jack, assuming that the concrete box itself propels the concrete box as a propulsion reaction force body. A shovel such as a backhoe can be installed inside the skin plate or inside the concrete box behind the shovel, and the arm can be extended to excavate the cutting edge.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the rectangular or gate-shaped steel shell is provided with a box-shaped roof support frame, and the box-shaped roof is propelled while supporting the rear end side of the box-shaped roof with this support frame. It is something to do.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the box-shaped roof is not arranged to pass through from the start hole to the arrival hole, but the rear end side is supported by the support frame provided on the rectangular or gate-shaped steel shell. By propelling while moving, it is possible to propel stably without disturbing the arrangement.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the box-shaped roof has an earth and sand discharge opening at the rear end side, and the earth and sand excavated at the tip of the pipe of the box-shaped roof is sent through the box-shaped roof, and the concrete box is formed from the earth discharge opening. The gist of this is that it is discharged to the face and discharged to the rear of the concrete box.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, in order to propel the box-shaped roof, excavation is performed at the tip of the tube of the box-shaped roof, and accordingly, it is moved forward. The earth and sand can be carried out efficiently by sending it through the inside of the box-shaped roof, discharging it from the earth discharge opening to the face of the concrete box, and discharging it to the rear of the concrete box.

The gist of the present invention according to claim 5 is that a frame made of steel material for supporting the ends of the box-shaped roof is installed on the front side of the rectangular or gate-shaped frame.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to stabilize the box-shaped roof when it is propelled by installing a frame made of steel material for supporting the ends of the box-shaped roof.

As described above, the construction method of the underground structure of the present invention is a system in which the concrete box is segmented and assembled at the rear of the blade, so the overall process can be shortened, and since the concrete box is not pushed, The propulsion equipment only needs to propel the cutting edge, and in long-distance construction, the labor of the propulsion equipment can be reduced.

1 is a side view of a main part showing an embodiment of a method for constructing an underground structure according to the present invention; FIG. 1 is an overall side view showing one embodiment of a method for constructing an underground structure of the present invention; FIG. FIG. 3 is a view taken along the line AA of FIG. 2; FIG. 3 is a view taken along the line BB of FIG. 2; 3 is a view taken along line CC of FIG. 2; FIG. FIG. 3 is a view taken along line DD of FIG. 2; FIG. 2 is a side view showing the first step of the underground structure construction method of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a side view showing the second step of the underground structure construction method of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a side view showing the third step of the underground structure construction method of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a side view showing a fourth step of the method for constructing an underground structure according to the present invention; FIG. 10 is a side view showing a fifth step of the underground structure construction method of the present invention; FIG. 11 is a side view showing a sixth step of the underground structure construction method of the present invention; FIG. 10 is a side view showing a fifth step of the underground structure construction method of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a side view showing a completed state of the method for constructing an underground structure according to the present invention; 1 is a perspective view of a concrete box in the underground structure construction method of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a box-shaped roof in the underground structure construction method of the present invention; FIG. FIG. 11 is a side view showing an example of a support mount for the end of a box-shaped roof; FIG. 11 is a side view showing another example of a support mount for the end portion of the box-shaped roof; It is a longitudinal side view showing the first step of the construction method of the conventional underground structure. It is a longitudinal side view which shows the 2nd process of the construction method of the conventional underground structure. It is a longitudinal side view which shows the 3rd process of the construction method of the conventional underground structure. 1 is a front view of a box roof; FIG. FIG. 4 is a front view showing the state of arrangement of the box-shaped roof; It is a longitudinal side view showing a method of constructing an underground structure by a traction method. FIG. 10 is a front view showing an arrangement state in the case of a box-shaped roof towing system; FIG. 11 is a side view showing another conventional example;

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view of the essential part showing one embodiment of the construction method of the underground structure of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view of the entire same. They are given the same reference numerals.

The method for constructing an underground structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to the process charts of FIGS. 7 to 14. FIG. In the same manner as before, as shown in FIG. 7, earth retaining steel sheet piles 2 are driven beside upper traffic (not shown) such as railroads as a first step, and a starting pit 3 and an arrival pit 4 are constructed. Then, in the starting pit 3, a starting base 20 formed by forming a frame on a concrete foundation, a roof propulsion equipment 28 by a jack installed thereon, and a reaction wall 23 behind it are installed, and the roof is propelled. A box-shaped roof 6, which is a roof cylinder, is press-fitted toward the reaching pit 4 by a facility 28. - 特許庁The box roof 6 is a rectangular steel pipe as a protective work.

As shown in FIG. 3, the box-shaped roof 6 is arranged in a horizontal U-shape so as to correspond to the outer shape of the concrete box body 19 to be constructed.

As shown in FIG. 16, the box-shaped roofs 6 arranged side by side as the upper floor have the same length, and from the left and right box-shaped roofs 6 arranged side-by-side, the box-shaped roofs 6 arranged below are sequentially shortened in length and have a tip end. All the box-shaped roofs 6 are arranged stepwise with steps, and rear ends of all the box-shaped roofs 6 are arranged in the same vertical plane and are arranged in a hood shape as a whole.

Next, as shown in FIG. 8 of the second step, a rectangular or gate-shaped steel shell 29 having a cutting edge 30 at the tip is placed at the rear end of the box-shaped roof 6 in the starting pit 3 .

The steel shell 29 has a rectangular or gate-shaped skeleton frame 29a on the inside and a skin plate 29b extending forward and backward like a hood to secure the interior as an excavation work space in which a shovel such as a backhoe can excavate. , front and rear surfaces of the skeleton frame 29a serve as surfaces to be supported by the jack.

A small jack 12 is provided as a roof jack at the rear end of the box-shaped roof 6, and one end of the small jack 12 is brought into contact with the skeleton frame 29a. The small jack 12 may be accommodated in the short box-shaped roof 6 to form a jack storage pipe 33 which may be connected to the rear end of the box-shaped roof 6 . (See FIGS. 17 and 18)

A steel frame 34 is provided on the rectangular or gate-shaped steel shell 29, and a gate-shaped support frame 36 is incorporated in the frame 34 so that the rear end side of the box-shaped roof 6 is supported by the support frame 36. made it

As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the frame 34 supports the ends of the box-shaped roof 6 on the skin plate 29b on the front side of the skeleton frame 29a within the steel shell 29. FIG. FIG. 15 shows a frame for supporting the lower side of the box-shaped roof 6. FIG. A space is secured in the center including 36 so that the excavated earth and sand can be carried out.

Furthermore, the box-shaped roof 6 is formed with an earth and sand discharge port 35 on the rear end side, and the earth and sand excavated at the tip of the pipe of the box-shaped roof 6 is sent through the inside of the box-shaped roof 6 and discharged from the earth and sand discharge port 35 to the concrete box 19. It is discharged to the face part of , and is put out to the starting pit 3 behind the concrete box 19.

Excavation at the tip of the pipe of the box-shaped roof 6 is performed manually by an operator lying down in the box-shaped roof 6, and the excavated earth and sand is sent rearward through the box-shaped roof 6 by a carriage.

Inside the starting pit 3, a main pushing jack 10 is provided behind the steel shell 29 on the rear surface of the skeleton frame 29a as a pressure-receiving surface. intervene in The original pushing jack 10 is installed by providing a jack shelf on the steel shell 29 .

In the figure, reference numeral 31 denotes a guide pit, which is formed by penetrating between the start pit 3 and the arrival pit 4 prior to replacing the row group of box-shaped roofs 6 with the concrete box body 19 .

Each box roof 6 is advanced by a small jack 12. - 特許庁In this case, the steel shell 29 serves as a reaction force receiver.

After each box-shaped roof 6 is moved forward, the steel shell 29 is moved forward by the original pushing jack 10.例文帳に追加As the steel shell 29 advances, the frame 34 and the support frame 33 are also integrally supported, and the support frame 33 continues to support the box-shaped roof 6 .

In this manner, each box-shaped roof 6 is advanced by the small jack 12 and the steel shell 29 is advanced by the main pushing jack 10, and the strut 16 is extended accordingly.

As shown in FIG. 8, when the cutting edge 30 of the steel shell 29 is sufficiently deep from the starting pit 3, a shovel such as a back shovel is placed inside the steel shell 29 (not shown). ) or manually excavate the cutting edge 30 .

As shown in FIG. 8, when the cutting edge 30 of the steel shell 29 is sufficiently deep from the starting pit 3, a shovel such as a back shovel is placed inside the steel shell 29 (not shown). ) or manually excavate the cutting edge 30 .

Similarly in FIG. 9, each box-shaped roof 6 is advanced by the small jack 12, and the steel shell 29 is advanced by the main pushing jack 10. As shown in FIG. 10, the steel shell 29 is advanced. After that, a concrete box 19 composed of segments is constructed behind it. As shown in FIG. 15, the concrete box 19 is composed of divided segments, and is made up of a combination of a flat plate segment piece 19a and a flat U-shaped or L-shaped segment piece 19b.

When the concrete box 19 is composed of divided segments, the angular corners that are likely to be weak points are arranged as an integral part of the flat U-shaped or L-shaped segment pieces 19b so that the joints between the segments do not come here. Considered. In addition, before and after the rectangular ring formed by combining the flat U-shaped or L-shaped segment piece 19b with the flat U-shaped or L-shaped segment piece 19b, the joints of the flat U-shaped or L-shaped segment piece 19b should not overlap each other. , so that they are staggered.

After forming the concrete box 19 for one rectangular ring, the row group of the box-shaped roofs 6 is propelled by the steel shell 29 as a propulsive reaction force, and after the row group of the box-shaped roofs 6 advances, the steel The shell body 29 is propelled by the concrete box 19 as a propulsive reaction force, and one rectangular ring is added to make the concrete box 19 longer. The group propulsion process and the steel shell propulsion process are repeated sequentially. (Fig. 11, Fig. 12)

In order to add a new rectangular ring, the plate-shaped segment piece 19a and the flat U-shaped or L-shaped segment piece 19b are hung from the starting hole 3, and forward in the constructed concrete box 19. It is transported and assembled behind the steel shell 29 .

In addition, backfilling 32 is performed around the assembled concrete box 19 through grout holes formed in the segments.

The box-shaped roof 6 going out to the reaching pit 4 is removed one by one to the ground. As shown in FIG. 13, when the cutting edge 11 reaches the reaching pit 4, it is also removed.

As shown in FIG. 14, when the tip of the concrete box 19 reaches the reaching pit 4, the construction is completed.

1 Upper traffic 2 Earth retaining steel sheet pile 3 Starting hole 4 Reaching hole 5 Propulsion machine 6 Box-shaped roof 6a, 6b Hook-shaped joint 7 Friction cutter plate 8 Reaction wall 9 Concrete box 10 Main pushing jack 11 Cutting edge 12 Small jack 13 Support member 14 Stop member 15 Cradle 16 Strut 19 Concrete box body 19a Flat plate segment piece 19b Flat plate U-shaped or L-shaped segment piece 20 Starting base 21 Reaction body 22 Reaction pile 23 Reaction wall 24 Traction jack 25 Traction cable 26 Fixing device 27 Push wheel 28 Roof propulsion equipment 29 Steel shell 29a Skeletal frame 29b Skin plate 30 Cutting edge 31 Guide pit 32 Backfill injection 33 Jack storage pipe 34 Frame 35 Earth and sand discharge port 36... Support frame

Claims (5)

Box-shaped roofs, which are rectangular steel pipes used as protection work, are inserted from the starting pit and arranged in a U-shaped row group of box-shaped roofs. This is a construction method for underground structures, such as tunnels, where the concrete box consists of segments, which are assembled at the rear of a rectangular or gate-shaped steel shell with a cutting edge at the tip, and then a box The row group of shaped roofs is propelled by the steel shell as a propulsion reaction body, and after the row group of box-shaped roofs is advanced, the steel shell is propelled by the concrete box as a propulsion reaction body. A method of constructing an underground structure characterized by sequentially repeating a process of assembling a box roof, a process of propelling rows of box-shaped roofs, and a process of propelling a steel shell. Rectangular or gate-shaped steel shell is provided inside with a rectangular or gate-shaped skeleton frame on the inside, skin plates are extended forward and backward, and the inside is secured as an excavation work space where shovels such as backhoes can excavate. Item 1. A method for constructing an underground structure according to Item 1. 3. An underground structure according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the rectangular or gate-shaped steel shell is provided with a support frame for the box-shaped roof, and the support frame supports the rear end side of the box-shaped roof while propelling it. Construction method. The box-shaped roof has an earth and sand discharge port on the rear end side, and the earth and sand excavated at the tip of the box-shaped roof pipe is sent inside the box-shaped roof, discharged from the earth and sand discharge port to the concrete box face, and then discharged to the concrete box. 4. The method for constructing an underground structure according to claim 1, wherein the underground structure is projected backward. 5. The method for constructing an underground structure according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein a frame made of steel for supporting the edge of the box-shaped roof is installed on the front side of the rectangular or gate-shaped frame.

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