JP2022119403A - Crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a collapsing crusher, such as a jaw crusher, which enables improvement of safety of charging work while maintaining work easiness during manual charging work of crushed objects.SOLUTION: A crusher 10 collapses an object to be crushed and includes: a machine frame 1 in which a collapsing mechanism is installed; a funnel-shaped hopper 2; and a charging assist part 3. The charging assist part 3 has: a crushed object guide surface 31 extending from a top surface side end of the hopper 2 to the oblique upper side; and a side wall enclosing the periphery of the crushed object guide surface 31. An inclination angle of the crushed object guide surface 31 is smaller than an inclination angle of an inner surface of the hopper 2 with which the crushed object guide surface 31 is connected.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to crushers. More specifically, the present invention relates to a crusher, such as a jaw crusher, for crushing various objects to be crushed such as concrete masses.

For example, a crushing crusher such as a jaw crusher usually has a funnel-shaped hopper for charging crushed objects on the top side of the machine frame, which has a crushing mechanism for crushing crushed objects. is installed (see Patent Document 1).

Here, in a crushing crusher such as a jaw crusher, there is a danger that fragments of the material to be crushed may scatter outside the machine frame during operation. Therefore, for example, when the jaw crusher disclosed in Patent Document 1 is used, when the worker loads the crushed objects into the hopper, in order to ensure sufficient safety of the worker, it is necessary to It is necessary to secure a certain length or more from the charging point to the injection port directly above the crushing mechanism.

In order to ensure the safety described above, it is conceivable to increase the size of the funnel-shaped hopper to the extent that the required distance can be ensured. However, when the size of the hopper is increased, the charging work position becomes unnecessarily high, and there is a problem that the workability of the charging work is lowered.

JP-A-2001-62318

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to improve the safety of the charging operation of a crushing crusher such as a jaw crusher while maintaining the workability of the operator when charging the crushed material.

The inventors of the present invention conceived that the above problems can be solved by further installing a charging auxiliary part having a guide surface with a predetermined inclination angle in the hopper of the crusher, and have completed the present invention. . Specifically, the present invention provides the following.

(1) A crusher for crushing objects to be crushed, comprising: a machine frame in which a crushing mechanism is installed; a funnel-shaped hopper; A crushable object guide surface extending obliquely upward from a side end on the top surface side of the hopper, and a side wall surrounding the crushable object guide surface, the horizontal surface of the crushable object guide surface. is smaller than the inclination angle of the inner surface of the hopper to which the crushed object guide surface is connected.

According to the crusher of (1), the distance from the charging point of the material to be crushed to the injection port directly above the crushing mechanism is sufficiently secured without unnecessarily raising the charging position of the material to be crushed. It is possible to improve the safety of the charging operation while maintaining the ease of operation during the charging operation of the crushed material by the operator.

(2) The crusher according to (1), wherein the inclination angle of the inner surface of the hopper is 45° or more, and the inclination angle of the crushed object guide surface is 15° or more and less than 45°.

According to the crusher of (2), in the crusher described in (1), the crushed material is smoothly guided into the hopper, and the crushed material is formed by bridge formation inside the hopper. Clogging can be prevented.

(3) The crusher according to (1) or (2), wherein the difference between the inclination angle of the inner surface of the hopper and the inclination angle of the crushed object guide surface is 15° or more.

According to the crusher of (3), in the crusher described in (1) or (2), while smoothly promoting the falling of the crushed material inside the hopper, the above-mentioned ease of work and safety are maintained. It is possible to fully enjoy the effects related to the improvement of the properties.

(4) The auxiliary charging section is provided with a backflow prevention fence that can be opened and closed by rotating only in the direction toward the hopper at the hopper side end of the crushed object guide surface. , (1) to (3).

According to the crusher of (4), in the crusher of any one of (1) to (3), it is possible to prevent backflow of the material to be crushed from the hopper side. Thereby, worker safety can be further improved.

(5) A jaw crusher comprising a pair of receiving tooth plate and pressing tooth plate as the crushing mechanism, wherein the crushed object guide surface is located on the side edge of the opening on the top side of the hopper. The crusher according to any one of (1) to (4), which is connected to the side edges on the plate side.

According to the crusher of (5), in a jaw crusher widely used as an apparatus for crushing lumps of concrete or the like, the overall size of the crushing apparatus can be reduced and safety can be improved.

According to the present invention, in a crushing crusher such as a jaw crusher, it is possible to improve the safety of the charging operation while maintaining the workability of manually charging the crushed material.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a perspective view which shows typically the outline of the whole structure of the crusher of this invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining the configuration and operation of the crusher of FIG. 1;

Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and various modifications are possible without changing the gist of the present invention.

<Crusher (jaw crusher)>
FIG. 1 shows a jaw crusher, which is an example of a crusher according to the present invention. This crusher (jaw crusher 10) is a crusher that crushes objects to be crushed. The crusher of the present invention is not limited to such a jaw crusher, but is a technical idea that can be applied to general devices for crushing objects to be crushed such as concrete masses. However, in the following, application to a jaw crusher will be described in detail as a specific example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

The jaw crusher 10 includes a machine frame 1 in which a crushing mechanism is installed, a funnel-shaped hopper 2, and a charging auxiliary section 3. Of the above components of the jaw crusher 10, the machine frame 1, the crushing mechanism inside thereof, and the hopper 2 that guides the objects to be crushed to the crushing mechanism can utilize existing devices as they are. A main feature of the jaw crusher 10 according to the present invention is that a loading auxiliary part 3, which will be described in detail below, is added as a new component different from conventional products.

The crushing mechanism installed inside the machine frame 1 of the jaw crusher 10 is configured such that a pair of tooth receiving plate 11 and tooth pressing plate 12 are arranged in an inverted eight shape. In this crushing mechanism, a drive mechanism such as a hydraulic cylinder pushes a movably installed pressing tooth plate 12 with its lower end as a fulcrum to press against the receiving tooth plate, thereby crushing the object to be crushed. The jaw crusher 10 having such a crushing mechanism crushes, for example, a large amount of concrete lumps generated in a ready-mixed concrete factory, a secondary concrete product office, etc., or a large amount of concrete lumps generated by dismantling a concrete building, and other lumps. It can be used as a device for

(hopper)
The hopper 2 can be configured using various known or non-known funnel-shaped members. That is, the crusher of the present invention (jaw crusher 10 ) can be a hopper 2 .

The inclination angle θ ₂ (see FIG. 2) of the inner surface of the hopper 2 can be appropriately designed according to various properties such as the angle of repose and wettability of the crushed material to be handled. From the viewpoint of reliably preventing clogging due to formation or the like, the angle is preferably 45° or more. In particular, in a general-purpose jaw crusher that assumes irregular-shaped concrete blocks with a diameter of about 10 mm to 150 mm to be crushed, the inclination angle θ ₂ of the inner surface of the hopper 2 is usually 15° or more. It is essential and preferably 20° or more. If it is 15° or more, it is possible to throw in along the slope even crushed objects such as rocks.

(Charging auxiliary part)
As shown in FIG. 2, the auxiliary charging part 3 includes a crushed object guide surface 31 extending obliquely upward from the side end of the top surface of the hopper 2 and surrounding the crushed object guide surface 31. and at least a side wall. As shown in FIG. 2, it is preferable that the side walls are also formed on the upper opening surface of the hopper 2 so as to surround the opening surface. Also, the ceiling portion on the top surface side may be open, or in order to further enhance safety, a ceiling portion may be formed to cover the top surface.

It is preferable that the crushed object guide surface 31 is connected to one of the four side edges of the top opening of the hopper 2 on the side of the tooth receiving plate 11 . In the jaw crusher 10, by specifying the connecting position of the crushed object guide surface 31 to the above position, the size of the entire crushing device can be reduced. In addition, this not only reduces the burden on the worker who transports a large amount of crushed objects, thereby reducing time and labor, but also improves safety and improves the working environment. .

As shown in FIG. 2, in the charging auxiliary part 3, the inclination angle θ2 of the crushed object guide surface 31 is smaller _than the inclination angle θ1 of the inner surface of the hopper ₂ to which the crushed object guide surface 31 is connected. is configured to be As a result, the horizontal distance from the charging _point S1 to the drop _point S2 of the crushed material directly above the crushing mechanism ₍ hereinafter referred to as the "safe distance") is ) can be extended. In other words, if the height of the charging position cannot be changed and the conventional jaw crusher does not have the charging auxiliary part 3, the "safe distance (from _S0 to While the "distance to S2)" was _l0 , in the jaw crusher ₁₀ , this "safety distance" can be extended to _l1 to improve the safety of the operator.

θ2 of the crushed object guide surface 31 may be adjusted according to the type of crushed object to be handled and the _overall size of the crusher, and is not particularly limited. However, as described above, the inclination angle θ1 of the inner surface of the hopper ₂ of the jaw crusher ₁₀ is preferably 45° or more. In this case, the inclination angle θ2 of the crushed object guide surface 31 is preferably 15° or _more and less than 45°, and more preferably 30° or less.

Further, it is more preferable that the inclination angles of the crushed object guide surface 31 and the inner surface of the hopper 2 to which the crushed object guide surface 31 is connected have a difference of at least a certain value. That is, the angle difference between the inclination angle θ ₁ of the inner surface of the hopper 2 and the inclination angle θ ₂ of the crushed object guide surface 31 connected thereto is more preferably 15° or more. For example, when the inclination angle θ1 of the inner surface of the hopper ₂ is 45°, the inclination angle _θ2 of the crushed object guide surface 31 is preferably 30° or less.

Regarding the lower limit of the inclination angle θ ₂ of the crushed object guide surface 31, it should be above a certain level within the range where the above-mentioned safe distance can be secured as a necessary and sufficient length in order to move the crushed objects to the hopper 2 quickly. It is desirable to have an inclination angle of However, even if the movement of the object to be crushed on the object guide surface 31 stops, there is no particular danger, and the object to be crushed can be pushed from behind with a rod-shaped auxiliary member or the like. Since it is also possible to promote the movement by pushing, as long as the inclination angle θ2 of the crushed object guide surface 31 is at _least about 15° or more, the effects of the present invention can be enjoyed and the crushing work can be performed satisfactorily. It is possible to proceed with high work efficiency.

In addition, in the auxiliary charging section 3, an opening/closing door is installed at the end of the crushed object guide surface 31 on the hopper 2 side, as shown in FIG. It is preferable to install a certain backflow prevention fence 32 . The backflow prevention fence 32 can be configured as a hinged opening and closing mechanism with the upper part of the crushed object guide surface 31 as a fulcrum. As a result, the backflow of the crushed object onto the crushed object guide surface 31 is prevented, and the safety of the operator can be further improved.

10 crusher (jaw crusher)
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 Machine frame 11 Tooth receiving plate 12 Pushing tooth plate 2 Hopper 3 Charging auxiliary part 31 Crushed object guide surface 32 Backflow prevention fence

Claims (5)

A crusher for crushing objects to be crushed,
A machine frame in which a crushing mechanism is installed,
a funnel-shaped hopper;
a charging aid;
with
The charging auxiliary part has a crushed object guide surface extending obliquely upward from a side end on the top surface side of the hopper, and a side wall surrounding the crushed object guide surface,
The inclination angle of the crushed object guide surface is smaller than the inclination angle of the inner surface of the hopper to which the crushed object guide surface is connected.
Crushing machine. The inclination angle of the inner surface of the hopper is 45° or more,
The inclination angle of the crushable object guide surface is 15° or more and less than 30°.
A crusher according to claim 1. The difference between the inclination angle of the inner surface of the hopper and the inclination angle of the crushed object guide surface is 15° or more.
A crusher according to claim 1 or 2. The auxiliary charging part is provided with a backflow prevention fence that can be opened and closed by rotating only in the direction toward the hopper at the hopper side end of the crushed object guide surface.
A crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 3. A jaw crusher comprising a pair of tooth receiving plate and tooth pressing plate as the crushing mechanism,
The crushed object guide surface is connected to a side edge of the opening on the top surface side of the hopper, which faces the tooth receiving plate.
A crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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