JP2022109834A - gas turbine generator - Google Patents

Abstract

To enable a gas turbine generator comprising a compressor, a turbine, and a generator to be easily reduced in size and weight.SOLUTION: A gas turbine generator 1 comprises a compressor 2, a radial-type turbine 3 and a generator 4. In the gas turbine generator, a generator body having at least a stator generator coil 7 and a rotor generator magnet 8 is arranged between the compressor and the turbine. A compressor impeller disk section 5a of a compressor impeller 5 on the compressor, the rotor generator magnet and a turbine disk section 3a on the turbine are integrated through a penetration shaft 15. The rotor generator magnet is installed inside the penetration shaft 15 or attached to a periphery thereof. An air intake side of the compressor impeller on the compressor is faced toward the turbine. Different from a structure combining components like a shaft and a casing with individual volume and weight overlapped with each other, the gas turbine generator has a structure integrating components as a whole so as to enable the same to be reduced in size and weight.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a gas turbine power generator that can be reduced in size and weight.

A conventional gas turbine power generator has a separate generator structure consisting of a compressor and a turbine, that is, a separate generator structure in which the compressor-side shaft of the gas turbine and the shaft of the generator are connected with a universal joint or the like. Common.
For example, in Patent Document 1, as shown in FIG. 1, a compressor (compressor) 30 and a turbine 31 are provided integrally on a common connecting rod 43, and a generator (permanent magnet generator) is provided on the compressor (compressor) 30 side. 12 are placed.
In the illustrated example, the connecting rod 43 and the permanent magnet shaft 28 as the rotor of the generator (permanent magnet generator) 12 are connected (the reference numerals are the reference numerals in Patent Document 1).

Also, as a structure different from the above, there is a structure in which a generator is arranged between the compressor and the turbine. For example, in Patent Document 2, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 (shown in Figs. 5 (a) and (b)), a generator (dummy coil, dummy magnet) is placed between the compressor and the turbine. It is a structure that is directly connected to one axis by placing
This gas turbine power generator was designed to be as small as possible. (Refer to "2. STRUCTURE OF ENGINE (lower right p359) in Patent Document 2.) Such miniaturization of the device is said to have been achieved by the ultra-high speed rotation (500,000 to 600,000 rpm) of the small impeller. there is

Also, in this gas turbine power generator, the generator is arranged between the compressor and the turbine, but the generator is located on the back side of the compressor (on the side opposite to the suction side). The structure is such that the air compressed by the compressor passes through the outer frame portion of the generator.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-334117 WORLD'S SMALLEST GAS TURBINE ESTABLISHING BRAYTON CYCLE (PowerMEMS 2007 Technical Digest p359, November 2007, Freiburg, Germany)

The generator 12 is arranged on the compressor 30 side of the gas turbine (30, 31) provided with the compressor 30 and the turbine 31, as in the conventional gas turbine power generator having a general structure (Patent Document 1). In a structure (a structure in which a compressor shaft and a generator shaft are connected by a coupling), the volume and weight of each single shaft, casing, etc. are superimposed, so the total volume and weight become large.

The gas turbine power generator of Patent Document 2 has a structure in which the air compressed by the compressor passes through the outer periphery of the generator. Hot compressed air. A generator needs to be cooled due to heat generation caused by copper loss, iron loss, etc. However, it is difficult to cool the generator using high-temperature compressed air that passes through the outer circumference of the generator.
In order to cool the generator with low-temperature air before being sucked into the compressor, it is necessary to provide a cooling air flow path around the generator. However, since the generator is located on the back side of the compressor (opposite to the suction side), it is necessary to lead the cooling air flow path to the opposite side (compressor inlet side), resulting in a very complicated air flow path. structure.

As described above, the conventional generator separate structure increases the overall volume and weight.
Further, in the structure in which the generator is arranged between the compressor and the turbine as in Patent Document 2, it is difficult to cool the generator.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a gas turbine power generator capable of realizing a reduction in size and weight and cooling of the power generator with a simple structure.

The invention of claim 1 for solving the above problem is a gas turbine power generator 1 comprising a centrifugal compressor 2, a radial turbine 3, and a generator 4,
a generator body having at least stator generator coils 7 and rotor generator magnets 8 of the generator is arranged between the compressor and the turbine;
A compressor impeller disk portion 5a of a compressor impeller 5 of the compressor 2, a rotor generator magnet 8, and a turbine disk portion 3a of the turbine 3 are integrally connected by a through shaft 15, and the rotor generator magnet 8 is It is built in the through shaft 15 or provided in a manner attached to the outer periphery,
The compressor is characterized in that the direction of the air intake side of the compressor impeller 5 faces the turbine side.

According to claim 2, in the gas turbine power generator of claim 1, the air inflow path 10 to the compressor impeller enters the inside of the apparatus from an air intake 11 outside the outer periphery of the gas turbine power generator on the turbine side of the generator. , an air inflow path toward the compressor impeller through the outer peripheral space 14 of the generator coil.

According to claim 3, in the gas turbine power generator according to claim 1 or 2, a branch capillary 12 is provided for branching a part of the air that has been compressed by the compressor and heated before entering the combustor 22. The thin tube is a pipe that enters the device through the device exterior space or passes through the outer peripheral space 14 of the generator coil and reaches the oil seal 31 provided around the bearing 20 that supports the through shaft 15. It is characterized in that cooling air that is cooled by passing through the branch capillaries 12 in the outer space of the device or in the outer peripheral space 14 is discharged to the oil seal on the turbine side.

According to claim 4, in the gas turbine power generator of claim 3, cooling air is further branched within the device from the branch capillaries 12 that have passed through the device exterior space or the outer peripheral space 14 of the generator coil. It is characterized by providing a re-branched tubule that discharges to the back of the disk.

According to claim 5, in the gas turbine power generator according to claim 3 or 4, air obtained by directly branching a part of the air entering the outer peripheral space 14 from the air intake 11 and the turbine through the branch capillaries The cooling air discharged to the side oil seal flows into the gap 13 between the stator generator coil 7 and the rotor generator magnet 8 and returns to the compressor impeller side. It is characterized by being attached to 15.

According to the gas turbine power generator of the present invention, since the generator (generator body) 4 is arranged between the compressor 2 and the turbine 3 and the whole is integrated, the gas turbine (compressor and turbine) is integrated. ) and the generator are separated from each other, the volume and weight of the shaft and casing of each single unit are superimposed, resulting in an increase in the total volume and weight. Therefore, miniaturization and weight reduction can be easily achieved.

Further, since the direction of the air intake side of the compressor impeller 5 is directed toward the turbine side, as in claim 2, the intake air of the compressor impeller passes through the outer peripheral space 14 of the static part of the generator (stator generator coil). , allowing all of this cool intake air to be used for generator cooling.
In this respect, the cooling performance is superior to that of a conventional gas turbine power generator in which a generator is arranged between a compressor and a turbine.

According to claim 3, part of the air that has been compressed by the compressor and the temperature of which has risen is branched before entering the combustor 22 and passes through the outer space of the apparatus or through the outer peripheral space 14 inside the branch capillaries 12. Therefore, the bearing lubricating oil is cooled while maintaining high pressure and discharged into the air chambers 34a, 34a in the vicinity of the bearings, thereby effectively exhibiting the sealing effect of the bearing lubricating oil.

According to claim 4, a part of the cooling air in the branch narrow tube 12 can be effectively used to cool the turbine disk from its rear surface.

According to claim 5, the air obtained by directly branching a part of the air entering the outer peripheral space 14 from the air intake 11 and the cooling air discharged to the oil seal on the turbine side through the branched narrow pipe are combined. In both cases, the mini-fan 32 allows the air to flow smoothly into the gap (air gap) 13 between the generator coil 7 and the rotor generator magnet 8, effectively cooling both the generator coil 7 and the generator magnet 8. Allow to cool.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a gas turbine power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of an air flow in FIG. 1; FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the oil seal on the turbine side in FIG. 1, and is a view for explaining a mode in which cooling air is discharged into an air chamber in the vicinity of the oil seal. (a) is a left side view of FIG. 1, (b) is a right side view of FIG. 1, and (c) is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. (A) is Fig. 1 of Cited Document 2, which is a schematic structural diagram of a miniature gas turbine engine, (B) is Fig. 2 of Cited Document 2, and a rotor with a compressor and a turbine impeller (between the compressor and the turbine structure with a generator magnet).

A mode for carrying out the gas turbine power generator of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the entire gas turbine power generator 1 of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an air flow explanatory diagram for explaining the air flow in FIG.
1 and 2, reference numeral 2 denotes a centrifugal compressor, and 5 denotes a compressor impeller of the compressor 2. As shown in FIG. Reference numeral 3 is a radial type turbine, 3a is a turbine disk, and 3b is a turbine blade.
In the present invention, the generator 4 is arranged between the compressor 2 and the turbine 3, and the air intake side of the compressor impeller 5 is oriented toward the turbine 3 (right side in FIG. 1).
Reference numeral 7 denotes a stator generator coil, which is a stationary part of the generator 4 , and reference numeral 8 denotes a rotor generator magnet, which is a rotating part of the generator 4 . A large number of fins 7 a are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the stator generator coil 7 .

An air inflow path 10 to the compressor impeller 5 enters from an air intake port 11 outside the outer periphery of the gas turbine power generator on the turbine 3 side of the power generator 4, and passes through the outer space 14 of the generator coil. It is an air inflow route toward the compressor impeller. The flow of air in this air inflow path 10 is indicated by a white arrow 51 in FIG. Reference numeral 33 is a generator shell casing.

Reference numeral 15 is a through shaft of the gas turbine power generator 1 . This through shaft 15 includes a through shaft (compressor side through shaft) 16 on the compressor 2 side, a through shaft (turbine side through shaft) 17 on the turbine 3 side, and a rotor generator magnet 8 built in or on the outer periphery. It is integrated with the intermediate through-shaft 18 that is attached.
The through shaft 15 is supported on the compressor side by a compressor side bearing 19 and on the turbine side by a turbine side bearing 20, which are fastened with tightening nuts 27 and 28, respectively.

Reference numeral 21 is a compressor diffuser for decelerating the compressed air from the compressor 2 .
The outlet of compressor 2 is connected to combustor 22 . The combustor outlet is connected to turbine 3 . Reference numeral 36 is a compressor volute casing, and 37 is a turbine volute casing.

A branch capillary 12 is provided for branching a portion of the high-pressure air that has been compressed by the compressor 2 and whose temperature has increased before entering a combustor liner 23 of the combustor.
The branch capillary tube 12 in the illustrated example is a pipe that enters the inside of the device through the space outside the device (the space outside the device) and reaches the oil seal 31 provided around the bearing 20 that supports the turbine disk portion 3a.
The high-pressure air that has been compressed by the compressor 2 and raised in temperature is cooled when passing through the branch capillary 12 in the space outside the device, and the cooled air is discharged near the oil seal 31 on the turbine 3 side. .
The vicinity of the bearing portion 20 of the through shaft 17 on the turbine 3 side is sealed by a bearing peripheral seal 31, which is an oil seal, to prevent leakage of lubricating oil.
Referring to FIG. 3, the bearing peripheral seal 31 has a structure in which the air chambers 34a and 34b are filled with the cooling air and the oil atmosphere of the bearing 20 is sealed with air pressure. The same applies to the oil seal of the bearing 19 on the compressor 2 side.
In this way, the cooling air that has flowed through the branch tubules 12 passing through the space outside the device and has been cooled while maintaining high pressure is discharged into the air chambers 34a, 34a near the bearings, thereby effectively exhibiting the sealing effect of the bearing lubricating oil. be able to.
A member denoted by reference numeral 38 in FIG. 3 functions as an oil seal.
The outer size of the gas turbine power generator 1 of the embodiment is approximately 445 mm in L dimension in FIG. 1, approximately 160 mm in D dimension in FIG.

Further, in this embodiment, as shown by the arrows in FIGS. 2 and 3, a part of the air entering the outer peripheral space 14 from the air intake 11 is directly branched and sent to the oil seal 31 side. there is

A mini fan 32 is mounted near the end of the through shaft 15 on the compressor impeller 5 side. The mini-fan 32 is composed of branched air (indicated by arrows in FIGS. 2 and 3) from part of the air entering the outer peripheral space 14 from the air intake 11, and the branched tubule 12 to the turbine side. A narrow gap (air gap) between the stator generator coil (generator stationary part) 7 and the rotor generator magnet (generator rotating part) 8 where cooling air is difficult to enter ) 13 and return to the compressor impeller 5 side.
The mini-fan 32 allows the cooling air to flow smoothly into the gap 13 between the generator coil 7 and the rotor generator magnet 8, effectively cooling both the generator coil 7 and the generator magnet 8. can.
The mini fan 32 rotates integrally with the through shaft 15. - 特許庁Mini-fan 32 may be either a centrifugal fan or an axial fan.

The flow of air will be explained with reference to FIG. Head through to the compressor impeller 5 .
Part of the air entering the outer peripheral space 14 from the air intake 11 is directly branched and sent by the mini fan 32 to the stator generator coil (generator stationary part) 7 and the rotor generator magnet (generator rotating part). ) 8 into the compressor impeller 5 through a narrow gap (air gap) 13 .
Since the outside air that flows in from the air intake 11 and passes through the outer peripheral space 14 has a low temperature, it effectively cools the stator generator coil 7 .

The air that is drawn into the compressor impeller 5 through the outer peripheral space 14 is discharged from the compressor impeller 5 at a temperature of about 200° C., for example, as indicated by the solid arrow 52 , and then mixed with the fuel inside the combustor liner 23 . It mixes and burns, reaches a high temperature of, for example, about 850° C., passes through (hatched arrow 53), flows into the turbine 3 side, rotates the blades 3b of the turbine 3, and is discharged.
The rotation of the turbine 3 rotates the through-shaft 15 (integrated turbine-side through-shaft 17, generator-side through-shaft 18, and compressor-side through-shaft 16), and the compressor impeller 5 of the compressor 2 is rotationally driven to produce high temperature and high pressure. of compressed air is discharged, and the rotor generator magnet 8 of the generator is rotationally driven to generate electricity.

A part of the high-temperature, high-pressure air of about 200° C. discharged from the compressor impeller 5 flows into the branch capillaries 12 before passing through the combustor 22 . Since this branched capillary tube 12 passes through the space outside the device (the space outside the device) where low-temperature outside air exists, the air that has flowed into this branched capillary tube 12 is gradually cooled when passing through the branched capillary tube 12 and becomes low temperature. As shown in FIG. 3, which is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the turbine-side bearing 20, it is poured in the vicinity of the turbine-side bearing 20. As shown in FIG. As a result, the oil around the bearing 20 can be sealed with low-temperature air, and at the same time, the turbine disk 3a can be cooled.
To explain this in detail, in FIG. 3, reference numeral 12' denotes a narrower branched tubule extension of the branched tubule 12 that has entered the device interior, from which the two re-branched tubules 12a and 12b are extended. The re-branch pipe 12a opens to one air chamber 34a of the bearing 20, and the re-branch pipe 12b opens to the other air chamber 34b, so that the oil around the bearing 20 can be sealed from both sides with cold air.
The re-branch pipe 12b leading to the other air chamber 34b functions to cool the back surface of the turbine disk 3a.

The branched air discharged from the branched tubule 12 to the oil seal 31 is supplied to the stator generator by the mini fan 32 together with the air directly branched from the air that entered the outer peripheral space 14 of the generator coil from the air intake 11. It is fed into the gap 13 between the coil 7 and the rotor generator magnet 8 . This allows both the stator generator coils 7 and the rotor generator magnets 8 to be cooled.
The branched air whose temperature rises by cooling the stator generator coil 7 and the rotor generator magnet 8 escapes to the compressor impeller 5 side.

According to the gas turbine power generator 1 of the present invention described above, since the generator (generator main body) 4 is arranged between the compressor 2 and the turbine 3 and the whole is integrated, the gas turbine and power generation are integrated. Unlike the conventional separate generator structure where the generator is separate, the volume and weight of each unit are superimposed and the total volume and weight are not increased, making it easy to reduce size and weight. can be realized.
Further, since the direction of the air intake side of the compressor impeller 5 is directed toward the turbine side, the intake air of the compressor impeller 5 can pass through the outer peripheral space 14 of the stationary portion (stator generator coil 7). , it becomes possible to cool the generator with this low-temperature intake air.
Therefore, there is no need to separately provide a cooling fan for cooling the generator, and in this respect as well, the overall volume and overall weight can be kept from increasing, making it possible to reduce the size and weight of the generator.

Also, part of the high-temperature, high-pressure air that has been compressed by the compressor 2 and whose temperature has risen branches before entering the combustor 22 of the combustor, passes through the device exterior space, and branches to reach the oil seal (bearing peripheral seal 31). Since it passes through the narrow tube 12, that is, it passes through the branched narrow tube 12 cooled by the external air, the high pressure is cooled and discharged to the oil seal 31, and the sealing effect of the oil seal 31 can be effectively exhibited. .

Cooling air discharged near the oil seal 31 through the branch capillary tube 12 is cooled by a mini-fan 32 provided on the compressor impeller 5 side of the generator section through-shaft 18 of the through-shaft 15 to the stator generator coil 7 . and the rotor generator magnets 8, allowing both the stator generator coils 7 and the rotor generator magnets 8 to be effectively cooled.

1 gas turbine power generator 2 compressor 5 compressor impeller 5a compressor impeller disk portion 3 turbine 3a turbine disk portion 3b turbine blade 4 generator (generator main body)
7 Stator generator coil (generator stationary part)
7a fin 8 rotor generator magnet (generator rotating part)
10 air inflow path 11 air intake 12 branch tubule 13 gap (gap between stator generator coil 7 and rotor generator magnet 8)
14 Outer space (of stator generator coil) 15 Through shaft 16 Compressor side through shaft 17 Turbine side through shaft 18 Generator section through shaft 19 Compressor side bearing 20 Turbine side bearing 22 Combustor 23 Combustor liner 27, 28 Tightening Nut 31 Oil seal (seal around bearing)
32 Mini fan 33 Generator shell casing 34a, 34b Air chamber 36 Compressor volute casing 37 Turbine volute casing 51 White arrow 52 Hatched arrow 53 Filled arrow

Claims (5)

A gas turbine power generator comprising a centrifugal compressor, a radial turbine and a generator,
A generator main body having at least a stator generator coil and a rotor generator magnet of the generator is arranged between the compressor and the turbine,
A compressor impeller disk portion of a compressor impeller of the compressor, a rotor generator magnet, and a turbine disk portion of the turbine are integrally connected by a through-shaft, and the rotor-generator magnet is incorporated in the through-shaft or on the outer periphery. It is provided in a manner to be attached to the
A gas turbine power generator according to claim 1, wherein an air intake side of a compressor impeller of said compressor faces toward said turbine. An air inflow path to the compressor impeller enters from an air intake port outside the outer periphery of the gas turbine power generator on the turbine side of the power generator, passes through the outer space of the power generator coil, and heads for the compressor impeller. 2. The gas turbine power generator according to claim 1, wherein the path is an air inflow path. A branch capillary is provided for branching a portion of the air that has been compressed by the compressor and has a raised temperature before entering the combustor. A pipe that passes through the outer space and reaches an oil seal provided around the bearing that supports the through shaft, and the cooling air that is cooled by passing through the branch capillaries in the outer space of the device or in the outer space, 3. A gas turbine power generator according to claim 2, wherein the oil is discharged to said oil seal on the turbine side. A re-branching capillary tube is provided that branches further within the device from the branching capillary tube that has passed through the outer space of the device or has passed through the outer peripheral space of the generator coil, and discharges cooling air to the back surface of the turbine disk. Item 4. A gas turbine power generator according to item 3. The stator generator includes air obtained by directly branching a part of the air entering the outer peripheral space from the air intake and cooling air discharged to the oil seal on the turbine side through the branched tubules. 5. A gas turbine power generating apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a mini-fan is attached to said through-shaft for flowing into the gap between the coil and the rotor generator magnet and returning it to the compressor impeller side.

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