JP2022105493A - Power detection method and system - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a power detection method and a module in an RF circuit for providing a vehicle system with gain compensation.SOLUTION: In a vehicle communication system 100, a module (for example, a front-end module (FEM) or compensator) includes a gain regulator 124, a power detector 120, and a controller (control unit 116). The power detector detects power output of the gain regulator. The controller determines an average of n samples collected by the power detector, determines a boundary-to-average ratio of the n samples, and adjusts a detection value of the power detector based on the average value and the boundary-to-average ratio.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1A

Description

Related Applications This application claims the priority and interests of US Provisional Application No. 63 / 133,438 filed January 4, 2021. The full disclosure of the above application is incorporated herein by reference.

The present disclosure generally relates to the field of power detection, and more specifically (but not exclusively) to the field of power detection in RF circuits aimed at providing gain compensation to vehicle systems.

In modern vehicles, it can be expected that RF signals will be transmitted and / or received to and from the vehicle. Expecting signals to be radiated and / or received regardless of whether it is the operator and / or passenger's personal mobile device or in-vehicle system that is intended to communicate with the outside world. Can be done. However, as can be understood, the vehicle design is not at all suitable for transmitting RF signals, as the substantial use of metal acts to substantially attenuate the signal.

To address the problem of attenuation, the vehicle includes an antenna on the outside, which can be connected to a transceiver in the vehicle. Since it is difficult to place the transceiver directly next to the antenna, the connection between the antenna and the transceiver is often provided by a cable, which allows for a relatively reliable and stable link, but unfortunately. However, the link also introduces attenuation. As a result, the power level provided to the transceiver is not the same as the power level of the signal radiated from the antenna. Potential variability is exacerbated by temperature variability (since temperature changes affect the decay of the link).

A compensator or compensator may be provided to take into account the attenuation at the link. Compensators are typically placed near the antenna and act by adjusting the gain of the signal so that the signal radiated from the antenna more closely matches the signal the transceiver is trying to transmit. In a simple compensation system, there is an initial calibration step, and then the system uses a temperature lookup table, without further feedback control, because a significant portion of such RF system variability is associated with temperature changes. Determine how the gain provided by the compensator varies. In more complex systems, feedback loops or feed forward loops are provided to monitor the signal output on a regular basis and ensure that it matches the desired output level. However, one problem that arises from both simple and complex systems is that measuring power levels is not as simple as desired. The simplest way to measure power levels is by using a diode detector. Such detectors typically use rectification to convert an RF signal to a DC signal, thus providing a voltage that can be used to determine RF power. This has been found to be less accurate than desired because variations in signal modulation affect the detection voltage. A substantially more accurate alternative is to include a true RMS detector circuit, but such a circuit adds considerable cost to the system and is therefore less desirable for high capacity systems where cost is a significant factor. do not have. As a result, certain people will appreciate further improvements in RF power level detection.

This section provides a general overview of this disclosure and is not a comprehensive disclosure of its entire scope or its features.

Disclosed are methods of power detection in RF circuits to provide gain compensation for vehicle systems and exemplary embodiments of the system. In an exemplary embodiment, the module (eg, front-end module (FEM), compensator, compensator, etc.) includes a gain regulator, a power detector, and a controller. The power detector is configured to detect the power output of the gain regulator. The controller is configured to determine the average of n samples taken by the power detector. The controller is also configured to determine the boundary-to-average ratio of n samples. The controller is further configured to adjust the detection value of the power detector based on the average and the boundary-to-average ratio.

Further application areas will become apparent from the description provided herein. The description and specific examples in this overview are for illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure.

This application is shown as an example and is not limited to the accompanying drawings in which similar reference numbers indicate similar elements.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an exemplary vehicle communication system including a gain regulator, a power detector, and a controller, respectively, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an exemplary vehicle communication system including a gain regulator, a power detector, and a controller, respectively, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Line of Compensation RMS (P _detRMS ) for arithmetic MEAN, maximum peak-to-average ratio (maxPAR), and measured output power (50 resource blocks with 16QAM (quadrature amplitude modulation)) of the sampled power detector signal. It is a graph. Minimum Peak to Average Ratio (minPAR) and Arithmetic Calculations to Measured Output Power for Three Signals with Different Modulation Schemes (QSPK (Quadrature Shift Keying) Modulation and 16QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation) Modulation) and Resource Block Allocation It is a line graph of. Maximum peak-to-average ratio (maxPAR) and minimum peak of power detector error (decibel (dB)) at different input powers (decibel-milliwatts (dBm)), desired output power (dBm), and temperature (° C). It is a line graph of the to mean ratio (minPAR).

The following detailed description illustrates exemplary embodiments and the disclosed features are not intended to be limited to the explicitly disclosed combinations. Accordingly, unless otherwise stated, the features disclosed herein can be combined together to form additional combinations not otherwise indicated for brevity.

With or without variable gain control, the V2X compensator needs to accurately determine the output power. However, as is recognized herein, this is a different modulation scheme and resource block for two different standards for V2X communication, especially 802.11p (pWlan / DSRC) and C-V2X (LTE). It can be a problem with the available power detectors for various RF signals considering allocation. Depending on the signal characteristics, the calculated power of the power detector will differ from the actual RMS value of the signal.

In order to achieve the required output power accuracy, it is necessary to measure the output power in the V2X compensator. However, as described above, diode detectors have been found to be less accurate than desired because fluctuations in signal modulation affect the detection voltage. While true RMS detector circuits provide a substantially more accurate alternative to diode detectors, true RMS detector circuits add significant cost to the system, and therefore cost is a significant factor. Less desirable for capacity systems.

After recognizing the above, exemplary embodiments of methods and systems capable of accurately determining output power using existing power detectors have been developed and / or disclosed herein. .. As disclosed herein, the compensator control unit may be configured to sample data from a power detector (eg, a diode detector, etc.). This also results in a detector average and maximum / minimum envelope values that depend on the characteristics of the various modulated signals. The detector mean and the minimum and / or maximum of the signal envelope are used to determine the actual RMS value of the RF power. Therefore, the output power measured by the power detector can be accurately determined as needed to control the gain of the compensator and ensure compliance with further RF standards.

1A and 1B show an exemplary vehicle communication system 100, each comprising a telematics control unit (TCU) 104, an antenna 108, and a V2X compensator, compensator, or module 112, according to an exemplary embodiment. The system 100 shown in FIG. 1A is substantially identical to the system 100 shown in FIG. 1B, except for the configuration of the power detector 120 (eg, diode detector, etc.). More specifically, FIG. 1A shows the power detector 120 in the amplifier 136 of the gain regulator 124, while FIG. 1B shows the signal between the amplifier 136 and the power detector 120 in the gain regulator 124. The combiner 119 is shown. Except for the different implementations of the power detector 120, the systems 100 shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B are essentially identical and are therefore described together for brevity.

The V2X compensator 112 is generally arranged between the TCU 104 and the antenna 108. The V2X compensator 112 is a control unit 116 (eg, a microcontroller) configured to sample data from a power detector 120 (eg, a passive diode detector, other simplified or primitive detectors, etc.). (MCU) etc.). The control unit 116 includes an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 117 from which sampling points are obtained to perform the calculations disclosed herein. The sampled power detector signal can be used to determine the mean and maximum / minimum envelope values. These values can be evaluated and used to determine the actual RMS value of RF power, thereby improving the RMS output power level accuracy of the power detector 120.

The V2X compensator 112 may be located relatively close to the antenna 108. The gain regulator 124 of the V2X compensator 112 may be operably configured to adjust the gain of the signal so that the signal radiated from the antenna 108 more closely matches the signal the transceiver intends to transmit.

The gain regulator 124 includes a variable gain amplifier 128, an attenuator 132, and an amplifier 136 along the Tx (transmission) path between the first switch element 144 and the second switch element 148. The power detector 120 is located within the amplifier 136 in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1A. However, in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1B, the gain regulator 124 has a signal coupler 119 between the amplifier 136 and the power detector 120 so that the power detector 120 is not located inside the amplifier 136. Further included.

The variable gain amplifier 128, the attenuator 132, and the amplifier 136 are in series so that the attenuator 132 can operate to attenuate the signal received from the variable gain amplifier 128, and the attenuated signal is then amplified. Can be transmitted from the attenuator 132 to the amplifier 136. The attenuator 132 may be a variable attenuator, a step attenuator, or a fixed attenuator. The attenuator 132 can be controlled by a voltage, current, digital signal, or the like.

The first switch element 144 and the second switch element 148 may include an RF switch for selectively operating a transmission path (Tx path) or a reception path (Rx path).

In another exemplary embodiment, the gain regulator 124 may include fewer components, more components, and / or different components than shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B. For example, the gain regulator 124 may include, in an alternative embodiment, one or more (but not all) of a variable gain amplifier 128, an attenuator 132, an amplifier 136, or a combination thereof. The gain regulator 124 may also, or optionally, be provided along the Rx (reception) path 140 between the first switch element 144 and the second switch element 148. Another alternative position for the gain regulator 124 is between the signal coupler 156 and the first switch element 144.

There is a filter 152 between the control unit 116 and the power detector 120. There is a signal coupler 156 between the TCU 104 and the first switch element 144. There is a filter 160 between the second switch element 148 and the antenna 108. The signal coupling device 156 may be, for example, a simple PCB trace RF coupling device, a chip-based directional coupling device, a bidirectional coupling device, or the like.

In an exemplary embodiment, the various components shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B may be fully integrated or included in a single integrated assembly or module. For example, V2X compensator 112, control unit 116, power detector 120, gain regulator 124, variable gain amplifier 128, attenuator 132, amplifier 136, first switch element 144 and second switch element 148, filter 152, The 160, and signal combiner 156 may be fully integrated or included in a single integrated assembly or module. The antenna 108 (eg, a V2X antenna configured to operate with dedicated narrow range communication (DSRC) signals and / or C-V2X signals, etc.) may also be integrated with or included with the antenna assembly or module. good.

ピーク対平均比は、サンプリングされた信号の最小ピーク（ｍｉｎＰｅａｋ）またはサンプリングされた信号の最大ピーク（ｍａｘＰｅａｋ）を使用して決定され得る。後の式は、ｘＰＡＲがｍａｘＰＡＲまたはｍｉｎＰＡＲのいずれかであり得るという理解のもとでこの用語を使用する。例として、最小ピーク対平均比（ｍｉｎＰＡＲ）は、好ましくは、電力増幅器（ＰＡ）の圧縮に起因して高出力電力レベルのために使用され得る。
ｍａｘＰＡＲ＝ｍａｘＰｅａｋ－ＭＥＡＮ
ｍｉｎＰＡＲ＝ＭＥＡＮ－ｍｉｎＰｅａｋ In an exemplary embodiment, the control unit 116 shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B is configured to determine the average of n samples taken by the power detector 120. The control unit 116 is also configured to determine the boundary-to-average ratio of n samples. The control unit 116 is further configured to adjust the detection value of the power detector 120 based on the average and the boundary-to-average ratio. As described below, the control unit 116 determines the actual RMS value (P _detRMS ) of the RF power via the following equation and then the determined compensation value (P _detRMS ) of the power detector 120. It is configured to adjust the detection value.
Sampled power detector signal: Sampled signal = V ₁ , V ₂ , ... .. .. , V _n
Maximum peak of sampled signal: maxPeek = max (sampled signal)
Minimum peak of sampled signal: minPeek = min (sampled signal)
The MEAN operation may be an arithmetic mean or a root mean square. The latter equation uses the term MEN with the understanding that the term MEN can be either arithmetic MAN or square root MEN.

The peak-to-average ratio can be determined using the minimum peak of the sampled signal (minPeek) or the maximum peak of the sampled signal (maxPeak). Later equations use this term with the understanding that xPAR can be either maxPAR or minPAR. As an example, the minimum peak-to-average ratio (minPAR) can preferably be used for high output power levels due to the compression of the power amplifier (PA).
maxPAR = maxPeek-MEAN
minPAR = MEN-minPeek

In an exemplary embodiment, the compensated RMS value (P _detRMS ) is determined using the following equation.
P _detRMS = MEAN + X (xPAR, MEAN)
In the equation, X refers to the values from the compensation lookup table corresponding to the boundary-to-mean ratio (xPAR) and mean (MEAN). In an alternative embodiment, X refers to a value determined by a function that correlates the boundary-to-mean ratio (xPAR) and mean (MEAN).

式中、Ｖ_k はサンプリングされた電力検出器信号を指し、Ａは、境界対平均比（ｘＰＡＲ）および平均（ＭＥＡＮ）を相関させる関数によって、または境界対平均比（ｘＰＡＲ）および平均（ＭＥＡＮ）に対応する補償ルックアップテーブルから決定される値を指す。 In another exemplary embodiment, the compensated RMS value (P _detRMS ) is determined using the following equation.

In the equation, V _k refers to the sampled power detector signal, where A is by a function that correlates the boundary-to-mean ratio (xPAR) and mean (MEAN), or by the boundary-to-mean ratio (xPAR) and mean (MEAN). Refers to the value determined from the compensation lookup table corresponding to.

式中、Ｖ_k はサンプリングされた電力検出器信号を指し、Ｂは、境界対平均比（ｘＰＡＲ）および平均（ＭＥＡＮ）を相関させる関数によって、または境界対平均比（ｘＰＡＲ）および平均（ＭＥＡＮ）に対応する補償ルックアップテーブルから決定される値を指す。 In a further exemplary embodiment, the compensated RMS value (P _detRMS ) is determined using the following equation.

In the equation, V _k refers to the sampled power detector signal and B is by a function that correlates the boundary-to-mean ratio (xPAR) and mean (MEAN), or by the boundary-to-mean ratio (xPAR) and mean (MEAN). Refers to the value determined from the compensation lookup table corresponding to.

After determining the compensated RMS value (P _detRMS ) as described above, the control unit 116 is configured to adjust the detection value of the power detector 120 (eg, diode detector, etc.) by the compensated RMS value (P _detRMS ). Will be done. This in turn allows for improved RMS output power level accuracy of the power detector 120 and / or provides a more accurate determination of the output power required to control the gain of the compensator / compensator 112. ..

FIG. 2 is a line graph generally showing RMS accuracy for measured output power (50 resource blocks with 16QAM (quadrature amplitude modulation)). FIG. 2 shows the arithmetic MEAN, maximum peak-to-mean ratio (maxPAR), and compensated RMS (P _detRMS ) of the sampled power detector signal. In this example, the indemnity RMS (P _detRMS ) was determined by the following equation.
P _detRMS = Arithmetic MEAN + X (maxPAR, Arithmetic MEAN)
In the equation, X refers to the value from the compensation lookup table implementation corresponding to maxPAR and arithmetic MEAN.

FIG. 3 is a line graph showing RMS accuracy for measured output power, generally for three signals with different modulation schemes and resource block allocations. FIG. 3 shows the minimum peak-to-mean ratio (minPAR) value at the top and the arithmetic MEAN at the bottom, with high spread depending on the modulation scheme and resource block allocation. In general, the resulting MEAN detected by the diode detector indicates the offset between the actual power output level and the detected power output level. The error is significantly different between QSPC (quadrature phase shift keying) modulation and 16QAM (quadrature amplitude modulation) modulation. Simplified or primitive detectors (such as passive diode detectors) cannot keep up with the fast-changing signal geometries of these modulations, which can lead to modulation-based detection power differences. There is. It is also not possible to predetermine the modulation because it is unclear how much bandwidth and / or how many resource blocks a particular signal will be allocated because the allocation depends on external factors.

FIG. 4 shows the maximum peak-to-average ratio (maxPAR) of power detector error (decibel (dB)) at different input powers (decibel-milliwatts (dBm)), desired output power (dBm), and temperature (° C). ) And the line graph of the minimum peak to average ratio (minPAR). In general, FIG. 4 shows the advantages of minPAR compared to maxPAR at high output power levels. When high output power levels occur, the maximum value can be affected by the compression / saturation (clipping) of the power amplifier, which is shown in FIG. 4 by a maxPAR dip. However, when the minimum is used for high output power levels, the "clipping" effect of compression of the power amplifier can be avoided, which is shown in FIG. 4 by the absence of a minPAR dip. For low input power levels, the opposite can occur and it is preferable to use maxPAR because maxPAR is limited due to detector noise and / or dynamic range.

In an exemplary embodiment, the module comprises a gain regulator, a power detector configured to detect the power output of the gain regulator, and a controller. The controller is configured to determine the average of n samples taken by the power detector. The controller is further configured to determine the boundary-to-average ratio of n samples. The controller is configured to adjust the detection value of the power detector based on the average and the boundary-to-average ratio. The average may be an arithmetic mean or a root mean square. The boundary may be a minimum value or a maximum value.

In an exemplary embodiment, the boundary-to-average ratio (xPAR) is the maximum peak-to-average ratio (maxPAR). The controller is then configured to determine the maximum peak-to-average ratio by subtracting the average from the maximum peaks of the n samples acquired by the power detector.

In an exemplary embodiment, the boundary-to-average ratio (xPAR) is the minimum peak-to-average ratio (minPAR). The controller is then configured to determine the minimum peak-to-average ratio by subtracting the minimum peaks of the n samples acquired by the power detector from the average.

In an exemplary embodiment, the boundary is the maximum peak of n samples taken by the power detector. The controller is then configured to determine the boundary-to-average ratio (xPAR) by subtracting the average from the maximum peak.

In an exemplary embodiment, the boundary is the minimum peak of n samples taken by the power detector. The controller is then configured to determine the boundary-to-average ratio (xPAR) by subtracting the minimum peak from the average.

In an exemplary embodiment, the controller is configured to determine the power detector compensation (P _detRMS ) using the following equation.
P _detRMS = MEAN + X (xPAR, MEAN)
In the equation, X refers to the values from the compensation lookup table corresponding to the boundary-to-mean ratio (xPAR) and mean (MEAN).

In an exemplary embodiment, the controller is configured to determine the power detector compensation (P _detRMS ) using the following equation.
P _detRMS = MEAN + X (xPAR, MEAN)
In the equation, X refers to the value determined by the function that correlates the boundary-to-mean ratio (xPAR) and the mean (MEAN).

式中、Ｖ_k はサンプリングされた電力検出器信号を指し、
Ａは、境界対平均比（ｘＰＡＲ）および平均（ＭＥＡＮ）を相関させる関数によって、または境界対平均比（ｘＰＡＲ）および平均（ＭＥＡＮ）に対応する補償ルックアップテーブルから決定される値を指す。 In an exemplary embodiment, the controller is configured to determine the power detector compensation (P _detRMS ) using the following equation.

In the equation, V _k refers to the sampled power detector signal.
A refers to a value determined by a function that correlates the boundary-to-mean ratio (xPAR) and mean (MEAN), or from the compensation lookup table that corresponds to the boundary-to-mean ratio (xPAR) and mean (MEAN).

式中、Ｖ_k はサンプリングされた電力検出器信号を指し、
Ｂは、境界対平均比（ｘＰＡＲ）および平均（ＭＥＡＮ）を相関させる関数によって、または境界対平均比（ｘＰＡＲ）および平均（ＭＥＡＮ）に対応する補償ルックアップテーブルから決定される値を指す。 In an exemplary embodiment, the controller is configured to determine the power detector compensation (P _detRMS ) using the following equation.

In the equation, V _k refers to the sampled power detector signal.
B refers to a value determined by a function that correlates the boundary-to-mean ratio (xPAR) and mean (MEAN), or from the compensation lookup table that corresponds to the boundary-to-mean ratio (xPAR) and mean (MEAN).

In an exemplary embodiment, the controller is configured to adjust the detection value of the power detector by compensation (P _detRMS ). Further, the adjustment for the detected value of the power detector by compensation (P _detRMS ) can improve the RMS output power level accuracy of the power detector.

In an exemplary embodiment, the module is configured to support both the DSRC / 802.11p standard for V2X and the c-V2X LTE standard.

In an exemplary embodiment, the module is configured to be used with at least one modulated signal having a non-constant signal envelope.

In an exemplary embodiment, the module has at least one non-constant signal envelope comprising one or more of a dedicated narrow range communication (DSRC) signal, a C-V2X signal, a 5G NR signal, and / or a WLAN signal. It is configured to be used with one modulated signal.

In an exemplary embodiment, the power detector comprises a diode detector.

In an exemplary embodiment, the gain regulator comprises a variable gain amplifier, an attenuator, and an amplifier in series.

In an exemplary embodiment, the module is a V2X front-end module (FEM).

In an exemplary embodiment, the V2X compensator comprises the modules disclosed herein.

In an exemplary embodiment, the vehicle V2X communication system is configured to operate with a ranged communication control unit (TCU) and a dedicated narrow range communication (DSRC) signal and / or a C-V2X signal. And the modules disclosed herein.

In an exemplary embodiment, the vehicle communication system is described herein with a telecommunications control unit (TCU) and at least one antenna configured to be operable with at least one modulated signal having a non-constant signal envelope. Includes disclosed modules. The at least one modulated signal having a non-constant signal envelope can include a dedicated short range communication (DSRC) signal, a C-V2X signal, a 5G NR signal, and / or a WLAN signal.

In an exemplary embodiment, the method is to determine the average of the n power detector signal samples acquired by the power detector and to determine the boundary-to-average ratio of the n power detector signal samples. And adjusting the detection value of the power detector based on the average and the boundary-to-average ratio. The average may be an arithmetic mean or a root mean square. The boundary may be a minimum value or a maximum value.

In an exemplary embodiment, the method comprises determining the maximum peak of n power detector signal samples. Then, determining the boundary-to-average ratio (xPAR) of the n power detector signal samples involves subtracting the average from the maximum peak.

In an exemplary embodiment, the method comprises determining the minimum peak of n power detector signal samples. Then, determining the boundary-to-average ratio (xPAR) of the n power detector signal samples involves subtracting the minimum peak from the average.

In an exemplary embodiment, the method comprises determining power detector compensation (P _detRMS ) using the following equation.
P _detRMS = MEAN + X (xPAR, MEAN)
In the equation, X refers to the value from the compensation lookup table corresponding to the boundary-to-mean ratio (xPAR) and mean (MEAN).

In an exemplary embodiment, the method comprises determining power detector compensation (P _detRMS ) using the following equation.
P _detRMS = MEAN + X (xPAR, MEAN)
In the equation, X refers to the value determined by the function that correlates the boundary-to-mean ratio (xPAR) and the mean (MEAN).

式中、Ｖ_k は電力検出器信号サンプルを指し、
Ａは、境界対平均比（ｘＰＡＲ）および平均（ＭＥＡＮ）を相関させる関数によって、または境界対平均比（ｘＰＡＲ）および平均（ＭＥＡＮ）に対応する補償ルックアップテーブルから決定される値を指す。 In an exemplary embodiment, the method comprises determining power detector compensation (P _detRMS ) using the following equation.

In the equation, V _k refers to the power detector signal sample.
A refers to a value determined by a function that correlates the boundary-to-mean ratio (xPAR) and mean (MEAN), or from the compensation lookup table that corresponds to the boundary-to-mean ratio (xPAR) and mean (MEAN).

式中、Ｖ_k は電力検出器信号サンプルを指し、
Ｂは、境界対平均比（ｘＰＡＲ）および平均（ＭＥＡＮ）を相関させる関数によって、または境界対平均比（ｘＰＡＲ）および平均（ＭＥＡＮ）に対応する補償ルックアップテーブルから決定される値を指す。 In an exemplary embodiment, the method comprises determining power detector compensation (P _detRMS ) using the following equation.

In the equation, V _k refers to the power detector signal sample.
B refers to a value determined by a function that correlates the boundary-to-mean ratio (xPAR) and mean (MEAN), or from the compensation lookup table that corresponds to the boundary-to-mean ratio (xPAR) and mean (MEAN).

In an exemplary embodiment, adjusting the detection value of the power detector based on the average and the boundary-to-average ratio includes adjusting the detection value of the power detector by compensation (P _detRMS ). Further, by adjusting the detection value of the power detector by compensation (P _detRMS ), the RMS output power level accuracy of the power detector can be improved.

In an exemplary embodiment of the method, the power detector comprises a diode detector configured to detect the power output of the gain regulator of the V2X front-end module (FEM).

In an exemplary embodiment, the non-temporary computer-readable storage medium comprises computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by at least one processor, have the at least one processor in n pieces acquired by the power detector. Determines the average of the power detector signal samples, determines the boundary-to-average ratio of n power detector signal samples, and is operational to adjust the detection value of the power detector based on the average and the boundary-to-average ratio. do. The average may be an arithmetic mean or a root mean square. The boundary may be a minimum value or a maximum value.

In an exemplary embodiment, when a computer executable instruction is executed by at least one processor, the at least one processor determines the maximum peak of n power detector signal samples and subtracts the average from the maximum peak. This enables the operation to determine the boundary-to-average ratio (xPAR) of the n power detector signal samples.

In an exemplary embodiment, when a computer executable instruction is executed by at least one processor, at least one processor determines the minimum peak of n power detector signal samples and subtracts the minimum peak from the average. This enables the operation to determine the boundary-to-average ratio (xPAR) of the n power detector signal samples.

In an exemplary embodiment, a computer executable instruction, when executed by at least one processor, operates so that at least one processor determines power detector compensation (P _detRMS ) using the following equation: to enable.
P _detRMS = MEAN + X (xPAR, MEAN)
In the equation, X refers to the values from the compensation lookup table corresponding to the boundary-to-mean ratio (xPAR) and mean (MEAN).

In an exemplary embodiment, a computer executable instruction, when executed by at least one processor, operates so that at least one processor determines power detector compensation (P _detRMS ) using the following equation: to enable.
P _detRMS = MEAN + X (xPAR, MEAN)
In the equation, X refers to the value determined by the function that correlates the boundary-to-mean ratio (xPAR) and the mean (MEAN).

式中、Ｖ_k は電力検出器信号サンプルを指し、
Ａは、境界対平均比（ｘＰＡＲ）および平均（ＭＥＡＮ）を相関させる関数によって、または境界対平均比（ｘＰＡＲ）および平均（ＭＥＡＮ）に対応する補償ルックアップテーブルから決定される値を指す。 In an exemplary embodiment, a computer executable instruction, when executed by at least one processor, operates so that at least one processor determines power detector compensation (P _detRMS ) using the following equation: to enable.

In the equation, V _k refers to the power detector signal sample.
A refers to a value determined by a function that correlates the boundary-to-mean ratio (xPAR) and mean (MEAN), or from the compensation lookup table that corresponds to the boundary-to-mean ratio (xPAR) and mean (MEAN).

式中、Ｖ_k は電力検出器信号サンプルを指し、
Ｂは、境界対平均比（ｘＰＡＲ）および平均（ＭＥＡＮ）を相関させる関数によって、または境界対平均比（ｘＰＡＲ）および平均（ＭＥＡＮ）に対応する補償ルックアップテーブルから決定される値を指す。 In an exemplary embodiment, a computer executable instruction, when executed by at least one processor, operates so that at least one processor determines power detector compensation (P _detRMS ) using the following equation: to enable.

In the equation, V _k refers to the power detector signal sample.
B refers to a value determined by a function that correlates the boundary-to-mean ratio (xPAR) and mean (MEAN), or from the compensation lookup table that corresponds to the boundary-to-mean ratio (xPAR) and mean (MEAN).

In an exemplary embodiment, a computer executable instruction, when executed by at least one processor, enables at least one processor to adjust the detection value of the power detector by compensation (P _detRMS ).

In an exemplary embodiment, when a computer executable instruction is executed by at least one processor, the power detector's detection value is adjusted by compensating (P _detRMS ) for at least one processor. Make it operable to improve the RMS output power level accuracy.

In an exemplary embodiment of a non-temporary computer readable storage medium, the power detector comprises a diode detector configured to detect the power output of the gain regulator of the V2X front-end module (FEM).

Examples of modules disclosed herein (eg, front-end modules (FEMs), compensators, compensators, etc.), systems (eg, V2X (eg, C-V2X and DSRC, etc.) communication systems, etc.), and methods. Embodiments can be used on a wide range of platforms, including automobiles, buses, trains, motorcycles, and boats, among other mobile platforms. Accordingly, reference to vehicles herein should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure to any particular type of platform. In addition, exemplary embodiments of the modules, systems, and methods disclosed herein also include the DSRC / 802.11p standard and c for V2X as exemplary embodiments disclosed herein. -It should not be limited to the V2X LTE standard only, but may be used with any modulated signal having a non-constant signal envelope, such as 5G NR, WLAN, etc.

The disclosure provided herein describes features with respect to its preferred and exemplary embodiments. A number of other embodiments, modifications and variations within the scope and intent of the appended claims will be apparent to those of skill in the art from the examination of this disclosure.

Claims (26)

It ’s a module,
Gain regulator and
A power detector configured to detect the power output of the gain regulator,
A controller configured to determine the average of n samples acquired by the power detector, further configured to determine the boundary-to-average ratio of the n samples, said average and said. A module comprising a controller, which is configured to adjust the detection value of the power detector based on the boundary-to-average ratio. The module according to claim 1, wherein the average is one of an arithmetic mean or a square root mean. The module according to claim 1, wherein the boundary is one of a minimum value or a maximum value. The boundary-to-average ratio (xPAR) is the maximum peak-to-average ratio (maxPAR).
The controller is configured to determine the maximum peak-to-average ratio by subtracting the average from the maximum peaks of the n samples acquired by the power detector.
The module according to claim 1. The boundary-to-average ratio (xPAR) is the minimum peak-to-average ratio (minPAR).
The controller is configured to determine the minimum peak-to-average ratio by subtracting the minimum peaks of the n samples acquired by the power detector from the average.
The module according to claim 1. The boundary is the maximum peak of the n samples acquired by the power detector.
The controller is configured to determine the boundary-to-average ratio (xPAR) by subtracting the average from the maximum peak.
The module according to claim 1. The boundary is the minimum peak of the n samples acquired by the power detector.
The controller is configured to determine the boundary-to-average ratio (xPAR) by subtracting the minimum peak from the average.
The module according to claim 1. The module of claim 5, wherein the controller is configured to determine compensation (P _detRMS ) for the power detector. The boundary-to-average ratio (xPAR) is selected from one of a maximum peak-to-average ratio (maxPAR) or a minimum peak-to-average ratio (minPAR).
P _detRMS = MEAN + X (xPAR, MEAN)
Is configured to determine the compensation (P _detRMS ) of the power detector, in which X is a value from the compensation lookup table corresponding to the boundary-to-mean ratio (xPAR) and the mean (MEAN). The module according to claim 1. The boundary-to-average ratio (xPAR) is selected from one of a maximum peak-to-average ratio (maxPAR) or a minimum peak-to-average ratio (minPAR).
P _detRMS = MEAN + X (xPAR, MEAN)
In the equation, X refers to a value determined by a function that correlates the boundary-to-mean ratio ( _xPAR ) and the mean (MEAN). , The module according to claim 1. The boundary-to-average ratio (xPAR) is selected from one of a maximum peak-to-average ratio (maxPAR) or a minimum peak-to-average ratio (minPAR).

Is configured to determine the compensation of the power detector (P _detRMS ), in which V _k refers to the sampled power detector signal.
A is a value determined by a function that correlates the boundary-to-mean ratio (xPAR) and the mean (MEAN), or from the compensation lookup table corresponding to the boundary-to-mean ratio (xPAR) and the mean (MEAN). The module according to claim 1. The boundary-to-average ratio (xPAR) is selected from one of a maximum peak-to-average ratio (maxPAR) or a minimum peak-to-average ratio (minPAR).

Is configured to determine the compensation of the power detector (P _detRMS ), in which V _k refers to the sampled power detector signal.
B is a value determined by a function that correlates the boundary-to-mean ratio (xPAR) and the mean (MEAN), or from the compensation lookup table corresponding to the boundary-to-mean ratio (xPAR) and the mean (MEAN). The module according to claim 1. The module according to claim 8, wherein the controller is configured to adjust the detection value of the power detector by the compensation (P _detRMS ). 13. The module of claim 13, wherein the adjustment to the detected value of the power detector by the compensation (P _detRMS ) improves the RMS output power level accuracy of the power detector. The module according to claim 1, wherein the module is configured to support both the DSRC / 802.11p standard for V2X and the c-V2X LTE standard. The module according to claim 1, wherein the module is configured to be used with at least one modulated signal having a non-constant signal envelope. The module is used with at least one modulated signal having a non-constant signal envelope containing one or more of a dedicated narrow range communication (DSRC) signal, a C-V2X signal, a 5G NR signal, and / or a WLAN signal. The module according to claim 1, which is configured as follows. It ’s a method,
To determine the average of n power detector signal samples obtained by the power detector,
Determining the boundary-to-average ratio of the n power detector signal samples,
A method comprising adjusting the detection value of the power detector based on the average and the boundary-to-average ratio. 18. The method of claim 18, wherein the average is one of an arithmetic mean or a root mean square. 18. The method of claim 18, wherein the boundary is one of a minimum value or a maximum value. The method comprises determining the maximum peak of the n power detector signal samples.
Determining the boundary-to-average ratio (xPAR) of the n power detector signal samples comprises subtracting the average from the maximum peak.
18. The method of claim 18. The method comprises determining the minimum peak of the n power detector signal samples.
Determining the boundary-to-average ratio (xPAR) of the n power detector signal samples comprises subtracting the minimum peak from the average.
18. The method of claim 18. 18. The method of claim 18, wherein the method comprises determining compensation for the power detector (P _detRMS ). 23. Claim 23, wherein adjusting the detection value of the power detector based on the average and the boundary-to-average ratio comprises adjusting the detection value of the power detector by the compensation (P _detRMS ). the method of. 23. The method of claim 23, wherein adjusting the detection value of the power detector by the compensation (P _detRMS ) improves the RMS output power level accuracy of the power detector. 18. The method of claim 18, wherein the power detector comprises a diode detector configured to detect the power output of the gain regulator of the V2X front-end module (FEM).

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