JP2022104471A - Heating vessel - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide plain water, electricity, and salt by using solar heat to solve the water shortage in the world in which plain water shortage remains high in many regions, though there is a large amount of water in the oceans, the amount of seawater and the areas where it is used for domestic and industrial purposes are small and not many.SOLUTION: Using a tower-type solar thermal power generation system, solar heat is collected from a heliostat (reflecting mirror) to a heat collection tower (tower), and then transferred to the ground by heat transfer and light transfer, and the heat is applied to a heating vessel. Water in the heating vessel, such as seawater, exceeds its boiling point and becomes vapor. The steam flows from the top of the heating vessel to the steam outlet pipe, where it cools and becomes fresh water/water. A rotating object (windmill, propeller, turbine, etc.) is installed in front of the steam outlet pipe to generate electricity from its rotation. When seawater is evaporated, a large amount of salt remains inside the heating vessel, which can be purified and salt can be mass-produced. After the initial installation, the three products of freshwater, electricity, and salt can be mass-produced with a remarkably low environmental impact.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

The present invention is a desalination technique using solar heat and a power generation technique using steam pressure produced in the process, and can also produce salt as a by-product. Desalination by solar heat and simultaneous power generation and salt production (option) It is an invention of a plant.

Solar thermal power generation includes tower type (using heliostat), trough type, Fresnel type, dish type and the like. The present invention is a tower type using a heliostat (reflector), and is desalination by utilizing solar heat, simultaneous power generation, and salt production.

In the conventional solar thermal power generation, it is a plant where power generation and storage can be obtained as a final product (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1). The present invention is a plant capable of desalinating water such as seawater to obtain water, obtaining power generation in the process, and purifying salt (if necessary).

For the collection of solar heat, the conventional method of concentrating heat on the tower and sending the hot air to the lower part (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1), or the beam-down type sun that concentrates the light on the upper part of the heat collection and transfers it to the lower part by reflection. There is a light collector (see, for example, Patent Document 1) and the like.

JP-A-2015-49034

Book "Illustrated New Energy Quick Understanding", Chukei Publishing, Satoshi Waseda, 2011, p. 83

The conventional tower-type solar thermal power generation has the following drawbacks.
(B) Electricity can be mass-produced, but fresh water and water are not produced.
On the other hand, the conventional desalination technique has the following drawbacks.
(B) Water and fresh water can be purified, but electricity is not produced.
(C) It is difficult to obtain a large amount of highly accurate fresh water by the conventional reverse osmosis method (RO) or desalination by adding a chemical solution.
Despite technological progress, there are still many areas in the world where freshwater is scarce.
The present invention is to be able to mass-produce an enormous amount of water such as seawater by desalination at low cost, and to mass-produce electric power and salt by a method having a significantly low environmental load in the process.

It collects sunlight and solar heat, desalinates water such as seawater, and at the same time obtains power from vapor pressure to purify salt as a by-product.
The collected heat is concentrated in the heating container, and a certain amount of water such as seawater discharged from the water supply pipe is boiled inside the heating container during the sun irradiation time, generating a large amount of steam and sending steam to the steam outflow pipe. Guide. At the end of the steam outflow pipe, the steam cools and can store fresh water.
A rotating object for power generation (wind turbine, propeller, turbine, etc.) is installed at the outlet of the heating container of the steam outflow pipe, and power is generated from the rotation to obtain electric power. Since the volume of water and the like increases by about 1700 times when vaporized and evaporated, necessary and sufficient rotation can be obtained.
When evaporated using seawater inside the heating container, a residue mainly composed of salt remains, so that it can be refined to produce a large amount of salt. (The average salinity of seawater is about 3.5%.)
Through the above series of steps, it is possible to mass-produce a large amount of high-quality fresh water, electric power and salt with a low environmental load. If the salt is not refined, it is necessary to store and store the residue without returning it to the sea area due to concerns about changes in the ecosystem and environment.

The effect of carrying out the present invention is that fresh water, electric power and salt are obtained at the same time, and the ripple effect is large. Specifically, high-quality drinking water in the relevant area / securing water supply / securing domestic water / securing industrial agricultural water / increasing production of agricultural and livestock products / expanding green areas / power supply / salt supply, etc. Be done.

Heating container (cross-sectional view, when collecting heat below the container) Heating container (cross-sectional view, when heat is collected above the container) Overall system view

Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described.
The contents are listed in the order of the processes in which the deliverables are made so that the contents are easy to understand.
(B) Plant installation location It is good for places where there are many sunny days, near the sea and natural moisture, and areas where fresh water and electric power are required, and it can be carefully selected from meteorological data and solar thermal power generation installation / examination locations.
(B) Pumping water such as seawater to the water storage tank (c) Water supply from the water storage tank to the water supply tank Since sediments and suspended matter also enter the water storage tank, relatively clean water such as seawater in the middle layer can be transferred to the water supply tank. send.
(D) Moisture such as seawater is sent from the water supply tank to the water pipe by pressure.
(E) Moisture such as seawater in the water pipe is heated before entering the heating container.
Specifically, it is heated by using a condensing mirror found in a photovoltaic trough type or by using the heat of evaporative steam (such as the proximity of two tubes), which will be described later. It is an act of increasing the evaporation efficiency by heating before entering the heating container, but this step is not always necessary if there is sufficient heat collection from the heliostat.
(F) About the heliostat / reflector (in front of the heating container) The heliostat that receives and reflects sunlight requires a sun-following operating device. The amount of heat collected increases or decreases in proportion to the number and area of heliostats.
(G) Condensing heat from the heliostat A method of collecting heat in a conventional tower and sending hot air from there to a heating container, and a beam-down solar condensing device (see, for example, Patent Document 1) are used. There are ways to send it.
(H) Heating container Prepare multiple heating containers for fatigue, accidents, and replacement.
There are two types of shapes due to the difference in the heat collection method described in the previous section (g).
When receiving hot air, it looks like [Fig. 1] heating container (cross-sectional view / when collecting heat below the container), and when using the beam-down type, [Fig. 2] heating container (cross-sectional view / when collecting heat above the container). )become that way.
(I) Characteristics of the heating container It is rational to use the heating container separately in the heating part (mainly the lower part) and the steam retention part (mainly the upper part) in the following points. The main purpose of the lower part is to collect heat and heat, and the main purpose of the upper part is to let the boiling steam flow out. It is better that it is easy to clean and take out because the residue mainly composed of salt remains in the lower part. Since the upper part is a flow of steam, it is better to have visibility, and you can also check the operation of rotating objects for power generation (windmills, propellers, turbines, etc.).
The steam outflow pipe from which the generated steam flows out is made into one to increase the steam outflow pressure and increase the power generation efficiency.
(N) Power generation Power generation and storage are performed by rotating power generation rotating objects (wind turbines, propellers, turbines, etc.) at the top of the heating container with steam.
(L) About fresh water The steam flowing through the steam outflow pipe becomes fresh water and hot water as it approaches room temperature, flows through the steam outflow pipe, and accumulates in the freshwater tank.
(W) About the residue in the heating container After the sun irradiation time, the salt-based residue is removed, and the salt refining step or the residue storage step is started.
(W) About the heating container after cleaning Multiple superheated containers should be heated in advance in preparation for use the next day. This is to increase the efficiency of steam generation from the start of solar irradiation. As for the heating method, there are many methods, so it is not specified here.
On the other hand, steam can be generated by heating with fossil fuels even after the sun irradiation time, but since it is a series of environmentally friendly factories, it is not considered here.
According to the embodiment for carrying out the above-mentioned invention, fresh water, electric power, and salt of the final product can be efficiently produced.

Although the tower-type solar thermal power generation by the heliostat still exists and is active, there is not yet a three-product (fresh water, electric power, salt) production method using the heating container according to the present invention.

Since it is possible to collect sunlight and solar heat and create a high temperature of several hundred degrees with tower-type solar thermal power generation, it is a method to focus on water such as seawater and obtain three deliverables of fresh water, electric power and salt. It is fully available and highly feasible.
It should be noted that, in the case of solar heat, several systems of solar thermal power generation have been realized and operated, and in the case of steam, the steam engine has historically caused an industrial revolution, and the industrial applicability of the present invention is high.

1 Heating container / lower part (heating part)
2 Heating container / upper part 3 Moisture such as seawater 4 Water pipe 5 Rotating object for power generation (windmill, propeller, turbine, etc.)
6 Rotating shaft (for power generation)
7 Steam outflow pipe 11 Sea and other natural water 12 Pumping 13 Water storage tank 14 Water supply tank 15 Water pipe 16 Trough type heating 17 Heating container (bottom / top)
18 Rotating object for power generation 19 Steam outflow pipe 20 Fresh water tank 21 Each heliostat 22 (heat collection) Tower 23 Reflected sunlight 24 Heat transfer (light transfer)

Claims (2)

Collecting sunlight and solar heat, desalination of water such as seawater, and at the same time obtaining electric power from vapor pressure.
The collected heat is concentrated in the heating container, and a certain amount of water such as seawater discharged from the water supply pipe is boiled inside the heating container during the sun irradiation time, generating a large amount of steam and sending steam to the steam outflow pipe. Guide. At the end of the steam outflow pipe, the steam cools and can store fresh water. A rotating object for power generation (wind turbine, propeller, turbine, etc.) is installed at the outlet of the heating container of the steam outflow pipe, and power is generated from the rotation to obtain electric power. When desalinated from seawater, a residue mainly composed of salt remains in the heating container after the solar irradiation time. It is taken out and entered into a salt refining process, enabling daily salt production.

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