JP2022100891A - Information processor, method, and program - Google Patents

Abstract

To prevent alteration in steps from recording data to completion of processing using the data.SOLUTION: An information processor connected to a network includes: block chain management means for holding a block chain shared with the other information processor connected via the network; and data addition means for installing a program on the other information processor by adding a block storing the program, which is a program executable by the other information processor and causes the other information processor to function as data reading means for reading data stored in the block chain and data processing means for processing the read data by being executed by the other information processor, to the block chain.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present disclosure relates to blockchain technology.

Conventionally, the same device information is shared by a blockchain consisting of blocks containing device information generated by processing an arbitrary job by an MFP placed on a distributed network, and any MFP can be used. A technique for managing device information by updating the blockchain by importing the block generated by the processing of the job and saving it in the existing blockchain has been proposed (see Patent Document 1). ).

In addition, various techniques for sharing information using a blockchain have been proposed (see Patent Documents 2 and 3).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2020-43416 Japanese Patent Publication No. 2020-515092 Japanese Patent Publication No. 2020-524828

Conventionally, a technique for preventing data falsification by sharing data using a blockchain has been used. However, even if it is possible to prevent falsification of data in the blockchain, it is difficult to prevent falsification when the data is read from the blockchain and processed.

In view of the above problems, it is an object of the present disclosure to prevent falsification in the process from the recording of data to the completion of processing using the data.

An example of the present disclosure is an information processing apparatus connected to a network, and blockchain management for holding one or a plurality of blockchains shared with other information processing apparatus connected via the network. Means and a program that is executable by the other information processing apparatus and is executed by the other information processing apparatus to add the other information processing apparatus to the one or more blockchains. A block containing a program that functions as a data reading means for reading data stored in a block from the one or a plurality of block chains and a data processing means for processing the data read by the data reading means. It is an information processing apparatus including a data adding means for installing the program in the other information processing apparatus by adding it to the one or a plurality of blockchains.

Further, an example of the present disclosure is an information processing device connected to a network, and one or a plurality of block chains shared with one or a plurality of other information processing devices connected via the network. The blockchain management means is stored in a block added to the one or more blockchains by any of the one or more other information processing devices. A program installed in an information processing apparatus, which is executed by the information processing apparatus to cause the information processing apparatus to be subjected to the one or a plurality of blockchains by any one of the above-mentioned one or a plurality of other information processing apparatus. Holds a program that functions as a data reading means for reading data stored in the block added to the block chain from the one or a plurality of block chains and a data processing means for processing the data read by the data reading means. It is an information processing apparatus further provided with a data processing management means that receives a data processing request and requests the data processing means to process the data in accordance with the processing request.

The present disclosure can be understood as an information processing device, a system, a method executed by a computer, or a program executed by a computer. Further, the present disclosure can be grasped as if such a program is recorded on a recording medium that can be read by a computer or other device, a machine, or the like. Here, the recording medium that can be read by a computer or the like is a recording medium that can be read from a computer or the like by accumulating information such as data and programs by electrical, magnetic, optical, mechanical or chemical action. Say.

According to the present disclosure, it is possible to prevent falsification in the process from the recording of data to the completion of processing using the data.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the system which concerns on embodiment. It is a figure which shows the outline of the functional structure of the information processing apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the outline of the flow of the block addition processing which concerns on embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the outline of the flow of the data generation processing which concerns on embodiment. It is a figure which shows the outline of the functional structure of the system which concerns on variation.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the information processing apparatus, method, and program according to the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiments described below are examples of the embodiments, and the information processing apparatus, method, and program according to the present disclosure are not limited to the specific configurations described below. In the implementation, a specific configuration according to the embodiment may be appropriately adopted, and various improvements and modifications may be made.

In this embodiment, the embodiment when the information processing apparatus, method and program according to the present disclosure are implemented in the device information management system will be described. However, the information processing apparatus, method, and program according to the present disclosure can be widely used for techniques for managing and processing data, and the scope of application of the present disclosure is not limited to the examples shown in the embodiments.

Conventionally, from the viewpoint of information asset management, data related to information assets in offices, factories, etc. have been managed by audit work. Then, in general, in order to visualize the data used for auditing, the administrator manually manages the data using a ledger or the like, or a sensor for detecting the managed device is connected to the network to connect the network. A method of automatically detecting and visualizing managed devices on the network based on packets flowing through the network is adopted, and information on manufacturing equipment and devices installed in the environment is managed. .. In the audit, the managed device information is required to have accurate contents that have not been tampered with in device management.

However, even when the method of automatically detecting the managed device is adopted, the information that cannot be automatically acquired by the sensor is generally manually input by the administrator. In addition, if these device information is tampered with, the access and event trails when the device information is rewritten will remain, so specify the date and time and contents that have been tampered with based on the trail. However, since such a trail is conventionally held by one terminal such as a centralized management server, there is a risk that the trail itself will be tampered with.

In addition, since the original information to be audited is electronic data, it is necessary for the auditor to format the information into a readable format (format suitable for auditing) and output it. It is expected that the data will be output without being tampered with and presented to the auditor without being tampered with when the information is formatted and output in a format suitable for auditing.

<System configuration>
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a system according to the present embodiment. The system according to the present embodiment includes one or a plurality of sensor nodes 1, one or a plurality of audit terminals 5, and one or a plurality of managed devices 9 that can communicate with each other by being connected to a network. Here, the sensor node 1 is a device for detecting the managed device 9, but it may also be installed on the audit side. Further, the audit terminal 5 is a terminal operated by an auditor, but the mode of installation is not limited. For example, the audit terminal 5 may be installed on both or one of the audit side and the audited side, or may be installed in a third party organization (not shown).

In the system disclosed in this embodiment, the sensor node 1 for detecting the managed device 9 is a node participating in the blockchain, and the device information and the record of access history / event information to the device information are recorded in the blockchain. By sharing (distributing) to other nodes using technology and saving it in each node, the trail of change in device information is guaranteed, and if the data sent from the audited side is changed at the time of output. Will leave a trail of change. Further, in the system disclosed in the present embodiment, the audit application program 7 that formats and outputs the data read from the blockchain is shared with the audit side and / or the audited side via the blockchain. Therefore, the audit work that prevents the audit application program 7 from being tampered with and guarantees that the device information on the blockchain and the access history / event information to the device information are not tampered with at the time of output for auditing. Will be provided.

The sensor node 1 is a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 11, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 12, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 13, an EEPROM (Electrically Erasebly And Program), a Memory Device, an HDD Storage, etc. A computer including 14, a communication unit 15 such as an NIC (Network Interface Card), and the like. However, the specific hardware configuration of the sensor node 1 can be omitted, replaced, or added as appropriate depending on the embodiment. Further, the sensor node 1 is not limited to the device consisting of a single housing. The sensor node 1 may be realized by a plurality of devices using so-called cloud or distributed computing technology.

The audit terminal 5 is a computer including a CPU 51, a ROM 52, a RAM 53, a storage device 54 such as an EEPROM or an HDD, a communication unit 55 such as a NIC, and the like. However, the specific hardware configuration of the audit terminal 5 can be omitted, replaced, or added as appropriate depending on the embodiment. Further, the audit terminal 5 is not limited to the device having a single housing. The audit terminal 5 may be realized by a plurality of devices using so-called cloud computing, distributed computing technology, and the like.

The managed device 9 is an information device used by a user working in an office, a factory, or the like, and is, for example, an industrial machine, a PC (Personal Computer), a sensor, a scanner, a printer, or the like. The management target device 9 is a computer including a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, a storage device, a communication unit, an input device, an output device, and the like (not shown). However, the specific hardware configuration of the managed device 9 can be omitted, replaced, or added as appropriate depending on the embodiment. Further, the managed device 9 is not limited to the device having a single housing. The managed device 9 may be realized by a plurality of devices using so-called cloud or distributed computing technology.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an outline of the functional configuration of the system according to the present embodiment. In the sensor node 1, the program recorded in the storage device 14 is read out into the RAM 13, executed by the CPU 11, and each hardware provided in the sensor node 1 is controlled, so that the information collection unit 21, It functions as an information processing device including a blockchain management unit 22 and a data addition unit 23. In this embodiment and other embodiments described later, each function included in the sensor node 1 is executed by the CPU 11 which is a general-purpose processor, but some or all of these functions are one or a plurality of dedicated processors. May be performed by.

The information collecting unit 21 collects data related to the managed device 9 connected to the network. Specifically, when the sensor node 1 is connected to the network, the information collecting unit 21 acquires packets and frames flowing through the connected network, and the information included in the acquired packets (for example, MAC address, etc.). ) Automatically detects and identifies the managed device 9 connected to the network, and further acquires and collects device information related to the detected managed device 9. In the present embodiment, the device information includes the device name, IP address, MAC address, vendor name, device type, operating system type, user (owner) name, user (owner) affiliation, usage date and time of the managed device 9. And other information included.

The information collecting unit 21 also acquires and collects device information related to the managed device 9 by accepting manual input by the administrator. As a result, the information collecting unit 21 can collect device information that cannot be automatically acquired by the sensor. The specific method of acquiring / collecting device information related to the managed device 9 will be omitted. Further, the information collecting unit 21 sets the update date and time of the device information, the update source (whether the change is due to the detection of the sensor node 1, the change by the user, etc.) and the update source (whether the change is due to the detection of the sensor node 1, etc.) as a log (trail) when the device information is updated. Collect records of access history / event information, etc. (hereinafter, simply referred to as "logs") including other information.

The blockchain management unit 22 uses one or a plurality of blockchains shared with other information processing devices (in this embodiment, another sensor node 1 and an audit terminal 5) connected via a network. Hold.

The data addition unit 23 adds a block in which the data collected by the information collection unit 21 is stored to one or a plurality of block chains. More specifically, in the present embodiment, the data addition unit 23 has device information and logs (traces such as access history and event information) of the managed device 9 connected to the network on the audited (factory / equipment) side. ) Is shared among the nodes (sensor node 1, audit terminal 5, etc.) participating in the blockchain using the blockchain.

Further, the data addition unit 23 adds a block in which a program that can be executed by another information processing device (another sensor node 1 and / or an audit terminal 5) is stored to one or a plurality of block chains. Install the program on the other information processing device. More specifically, in the present embodiment, the data addition unit 23 operates in any device when the display of audit data is requested, such as when an audit is performed, and is shared by using a blockchain. The audit application program 7, which is a program for formatting and outputting the information (device information and log), is shared on the blockchain. However, in the present embodiment, when the audit application program 7 is shared in the blockchain, the information regarding the execution environment of the audit application program 7 (for example, memory information on the terminal) is not shared in the blockchain.

By doing so, according to the system according to the present embodiment, it is possible to output the audit data used for the audit through the blockchain output mechanism configured on the audit terminal 5. Further, in the present embodiment, since the audit application program 7 itself is shared on the blockchain, it is possible to guarantee that the audit application program 7 itself has not been tampered with, and for auditing. Since the application program 7 is started directly from the blockchain, it is possible to output the information fetched from the audited side to the audit side without being tampered with when the audit application processes the information. However, the blockchain output mechanism may output the device information and the log as they are without going through the audit application.

The audit terminal 5 manages the blockchain by reading the program recorded in the storage device 54 into the RAM 53, executing the program, and controlling each hardware provided in the audit terminal 5. It functions as an information processing apparatus including a blockchain output mechanism including a unit 61 and a data processing management unit 62. In this embodiment and other embodiments described later, each function provided in the audit terminal 5 is executed by the CPU 51 which is a general-purpose processor, but some or all of these functions are dedicated to one or more. It may be executed by the processor.

The blockchain management unit 61 holds one or a plurality of blockchains shared with other information processing devices (sensor node 1 and other audit terminals 5) connected via a network. In the present embodiment, the blockchain management unit 61 is any one or a plurality of other information processing devices (in this embodiment, another sensor node 1) in addition to the device information and the log shared by the sensor node 1. The audit application program 7 installed in the audit terminal 5 by being stored in a block added to one or a plurality of block chains is retained.

The data processing management unit 62 receives a data processing request, and requests the audit application (data reading unit 71 and data processing unit 72) described later to process the data in accordance with the processing request.

In the present embodiment, the audit application program 7 added to the blockchain by the data addition unit 23 of the sensor node 1 is read from the blockchain and is read by the information processing device (sensor node 1 and / or the audit terminal 5). A program for causing an arbitrary information processing device (sensor node 1 and / or audit terminal 5) that executes the program to function as an information processing device including a data reading unit 71 and a data processing unit 72 by being executed. Is. Although FIG. 2 shows the data reading unit 71 and the data processing unit 72 only for the audit terminal 5, the audit application program 7 may be executed by the sensor node 1 as described above.

The data reading unit 71 reads data stored in a block added to one or more blockchains by any one of one or more other information processing devices (another sensor node 1 and / or an audit terminal 5). , Read from the one or more blockchains.

The data processing unit 72 processes the data read by the data reading unit 71. As described above, since the program added to the blockchain by the data addition unit 23 of the sensor node 1 in the present embodiment is the audit application program 7, the data processing unit 72 is connected to the managed device 9 connected to the network. Consistency confirmation processing for the relevant data (device information and logs), audit data generation processing for formatting the data according to a predetermined audit format and outputting audit data, etc. are performed.

Here, the consistency confirmation process checks whether there is any inappropriate data in the contents of the items referred to in the audit, for example, determining whether or not a format other than the date is included in the usage date. By doing so, it is a process to confirm the consistency of the device information and the log. In the present embodiment, the data processing unit 72 extracts only the information referred to in the audit of the device name, installation location, control number, usage date, installation date, etc. from the result of the consistency confirmation processing. So, I will present it to the audit side in an easy-to-understand manner. The consistency confirmation process itself may be internally processed as electronic data, and only the result of the consistency confirmation process may be presented to the audit side.

In addition, formatting to an audit format is to arrange the format so that the auditor can easily perform an audit by arranging the read device information, logs, etc. in the predefined format for audit data. This is a process, and audit data is output according to the format.

<Processing flow>
Next, the flow of processing executed by the system according to this embodiment will be described. The specific contents and processing order of the processing described below are examples for carrying out the present disclosure. The specific processing content and processing order may be appropriately selected according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an outline of the flow of the block addition process according to the present embodiment. The process shown in this flowchart is executed when the information collecting unit 21 collects new device information or updated contents of the device information.

In steps S101 and S102, data to be added to the blockchain is acquired. When new device information or updated contents of device information are collected by the information collecting unit 21, the data adding unit 23 updates based on the updated contents of the new device information or device information collected from the information collecting unit 21. Acquire the latest device information and the log (trail) related to the update (step S101). Further, the data addition unit 23 reads out the latest audit application program 7 stored in the storage device 14 (step S102). The audit application program 7 stored in the storage device 14 is maintained in the latest state by using a mechanism such as a network update executed between the sensor node 1 and the update server (not shown). May be done. After that, the process proceeds to step S103.

In step S103 and step S104, data is added to the blockchain. The data addition unit 23 generates a block in which the latest device information and log acquired in step S101 and the latest audit application program 7 read in step S102 are stored, and the block is used as another block. Add to the blockchain shared between the sensor node 1 and the audit terminal 5 (step S103). Then, the added block is duplicated by the blockchain management unit 22 to the other sensor nodes 1 and the audit terminal 5 sharing the blockchain (step S104). As a result, the latest device information and logs are shared among the devices participating in the blockchain, and the latest audit application program 7 is installed in the devices participating in the blockchain. After that, the process shown in this flowchart ends.

In the flowchart described above, an example in which the device information / log and the audit application program are added to the blockchain in the same block has been described, but the device information / log and the audit application program are added at different timings. May be done. For example, the audit application program 7 receives an audit data output request from an auditor, is connected to a blockchain output mechanism, and is an update request for the audit application program 7 at an arbitrary timing. It may be shared in the wake of the fact that it was done.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an outline of the flow of audit data generation processing according to the present embodiment. The process shown in this flowchart is executed when the auditor receives an output request for audit data (formatting of information on the blockchain and output request for formatting result). The audit data output request operation by the auditor can be accepted by, for example, the audit terminal 5, but the output request is for auditing via another terminal (for example, the sensor node 1 or the network). It may be accepted at the user terminal of the auditor connected to the terminal 5).

In step S201, the audit application is launched from the blockchain. When the blockchain management unit 61 of the audit terminal 5 receives an output request for audit data, the audit application program 7 stored in the storage device of the audit terminal 5 by sharing the blockchain is transferred to the audit terminal 5. Read to RAM 53 of. The audit terminal 5 starts the audit application by executing the read audit application program 7 (step S201). However, the audit application may be started in advance before accepting the output request of the audit data. After that, the process proceeds to step S202.

From step S202 to step S206, audit data is generated and output. The data processing management unit 62 requests the audit application started in step S201 to output the audit data (step S202). Then, the data reading unit 71 of the auditing application that receives the output request of the auditing data reads the device information and the log stored in the blockchain (step S203), and the data processing unit 72 reads the read device information. And the consistency confirmation processing for the log, the audit data generation processing for formatting the device information and the log according to the predetermined audit format and outputting the audit data (step S204), the consistency confirmation result and the generated audit. Data is output to the data processing management unit 62 (step S205). The data processing management unit 62 receives the consistency confirmation result and the audit data output from the audit application, and displays the consistency confirmation result to the auditor by a method such as file output, display on the display device, printing, and the like. And output the audit data (step S206). The auditor conducts an audit by referring to the output consistency confirmation result and audit data. After that, the process shown in this flowchart ends.

According to the system shown in the present embodiment, by preventing falsification of both the data to be processed and the program for processing the data, the falsification in the process from the recording of the data to the completion of the processing using the data is performed. Can be prevented.

<Variations>
In the embodiment described above, an example in which the blockchain for sharing the device information and the log and the blockchain for the blockchain output mechanism are shared has been described, but for sharing the device information and the log. The blockchain and the blockchain for the blockchain output mechanism may be separated.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an outline of the functional configuration of the system according to the variation. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, a first blockchain for adding a block in which data is stored and a second blockchain for installing a program are separately prepared. The sensor node 1a further includes a data transfer unit 24, and the data transfer unit 24 reads data from the first blockchain and blocks the read data in the audit terminal (blockchain output mechanism) 5a. Transfer to the chain management unit 61. Then, the blockchain management unit 61 causes the transferred data to be shared with the second blockchain as well.

By doing so, it is possible to generate audit data by the audit application while separately preparing the blockchain on the audited side and the blockchain on the audit side. When such a configuration is adopted, a secure data transfer environment (for example, a communication environment using encryption technology, electronic signature technology, etc.) is used for data transfer from the data transfer unit 24 to the blockchain management unit 61. ) Is prepared to prevent data tampering at the time of transfer.

Further, in FIG. 1 of the embodiment described above, only one network is shown for the audited side, but the audited side network includes a plurality of segments (areas) constructed in each of the plurality of bases. It may be a straddle. Further, in this case, the device information may be shared between the sensor nodes 1 arranged in the segments of the respective bases, and the shared device information may be output to the blockchain output mechanism.

Further, the data processing unit 72 of the audit application program 7 electronically signs the processing result data (for example, the consistency confirmation result and the PDF file output as the audit data) output as the result of the data processing. May be good.

Further, in the embodiment described above, an example in which the sensor node 1 adds a program for data processing to the blockchain has been described, but the subject for adding the program to the blockchain is not limited to the sensor node 1. For example, the data processing program may be added to the blockchain by the audit terminal 5, the auditor's PC, the management server, or another entity.

Further, in the embodiment described above, the audit application program 7 is exemplified as a program that is installed in the information processing apparatus that participates in the blockchain by being added to the blockchain. The program installed in the information processing apparatus may be any program for processing the data read from the blockchain, and is not limited to the examples in the present embodiment. For example, the program installed in the information processing apparatus by being added to the blockchain may be a data management program for managing (adding, updating, deleting, etc.) the data shared by the blockchain.

1 Sensor node 5 Audit terminal

Claims (14)

An information processing device connected to a network
A blockchain management means for holding one or more blockchains shared with other information processing devices connected via the network.
A program that can be executed by the other information processing device, and by being executed by the other information processing device, the other information processing device can be used.
A data reading means for reading data stored in a block added to the one or more blockchains from the one or more blockchains.
A data processing means for processing the data read by the data reading means, and
By adding a block in which a program to function as is stored to the one or a plurality of blockchains, a data addition means for installing the program in the other information processing apparatus and a data addition means.
Information processing device equipped with. As the data, an information collecting means for collecting data related to the device connected to the network is further provided.
The data adding means adds a block in which the data collected by the information collecting means is stored to the one or a plurality of block chains.
The information processing apparatus according to claim 1. The program is a program for shaping data related to devices connected to the network according to a predetermined format.
The information processing apparatus according to claim 2. The program is an audit program for shaping data related to devices connected to the network according to a predetermined audit format, and a block in which the audit program is stored is added to the one or a plurality of block chains. By being installed, it will be installed in the auditor's information processing device.
The information processing apparatus according to claim 3. The data related to the device connected to the network includes at least one of the IP address, MAC address, vendor name, device type, operating system type, and administrator information of the device.
The information processing apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 4. An information processing device connected to a network
A blockchain management means for holding one or more blockchains shared with one or more other information processing devices connected via the network is provided.
The blockchain management means is a program installed in the information processing device by being stored in a block added to the one or more blockchains by any one of the one or more other information processing devices. The information processing device is executed by the information processing device.
A data reading means for reading data stored in a block added to the one or more blockchains by any one of the one or a plurality of other information processing devices from the one or a plurality of blockchains.
A data processing means for processing the data read by the data reading means, and
Holds the program to function as
A data processing management means for receiving the data processing request and requesting the data processing means to process the data according to the processing request is further provided.
Information processing equipment. The data processing means performs consistency confirmation processing on the data.
The information processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6. The data processing means digitally signs the processing result data output as a result of the data processing.
The information processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7. The one or more blockchains include a first blockchain for adding a block in which the data is stored and a second blockchain for installing the program.
The information processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8. Further comprising a data transfer means for transferring the data contained in the first blockchain to another information processing apparatus for executing the program.
The information processing apparatus according to claim 9. The computer connected to the network
A blockchain management step that holds one or more blockchains shared with other information processing devices connected via the network.
A program that can be executed by the other information processing device, and by being executed by the other information processing device, the other information processing device can be used.
A data reading means for reading data stored in a block added to the one or more blockchains from the one or more blockchains.
A data processing means for processing the data read by the data reading means, and
The data addition step of installing the program in the other information processing apparatus by adding the block in which the program to function as is stored to the one or more blockchains.
How to run. The computer connected to the network
Performing a blockchain management step to hold one or more blockchains shared with one or more other information processing devices connected via the network.
The blockchain management step is a program installed in the information processing device by being stored in a block added to the one or more blockchains by any of the one or more other information processing devices. The information processing device is executed by the information processing device.
A data reading means for reading data stored in a block added to the one or more blockchains by any one of the one or a plurality of other information processing devices from the one or a plurality of blockchains.
A data processing means for processing the data read by the data reading means, and
Holds the program to function as
Further executing a data processing management step of receiving the data processing request and requesting the data processing means to process the data according to the processing request.
Method. Computers connected to the network,
A blockchain management means for holding one or more blockchains shared with other information processing devices connected via the network.
A program that can be executed by the other information processing device, and by being executed by the other information processing device, the other information processing device can be used.
A data reading means for reading data stored in a block added to the one or more blockchains from the one or more blockchains.
A data processing means for processing the data read by the data reading means, and
By adding a block in which a program to function as is stored to the one or a plurality of blockchains, a data addition means for installing the program in the other information processing apparatus and a data addition means.
A program that functions as. Computers connected to the network,
It functions as a blockchain management means for holding one or more blockchains shared with one or more other information processing devices connected via the network.
The blockchain management means is a program installed in the information processing device by being stored in a block added to the one or more blockchains by any one of the one or more other information processing devices. The information processing device is executed by the information processing device.
A data reading means for reading data stored in a block added to the one or more blockchains by any one of the one or a plurality of other information processing devices from the one or a plurality of blockchains.
A data processing means for processing the data read by the data reading means, and
Holds the program to function as
It further functions as a data processing management means that receives the data processing request and requests the data processing means to process the data according to the processing request.
program.

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