JP2022097556A - Internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable piston cooling as needed to thereby increase the output capacity of an internal combustion engine.

SOLUTION: An internal combustion engine (1) comprises a funnel-shaped element (10) that is provided in an inlet opening (6) communicating with a cooling channel (5) of a piston (3) and guides a cooling oil jet (11) from a first injection nozzle (9) into the cooling channel (5). The internal combustion engine (1) further comprises a second injection nozzle (12) directed to the funnel-shaped element (10). The funnel-shaped element (10) is configured to be capable of guiding a cooling oil jet (13) from the second injection nozzle (12) into the cooling channel (5).

SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

COPYRIGHT: (C)2022,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine according to the premise of claim 1, wherein the piston head includes a piston having a cooling channel extending at least a part of the entire circumference. The present invention also relates to a method of operating such an internal combustion engine.

In the automobile manufacturing industry, a general type of internal combustion engine is widely known and already used in various ways. Here, the piston is cooled in a region of high thermal load, such as a combustion bowl or topland, so that the output of the piston, and thus the internal combustion engine, can be increased. A cooling channel is generally provided on the piston head for this purpose. Within this cooling channel is a cooling medium that produces excellent heat transfer from the combustion bowl or topland to the cold region below the piston. When the cooling channel is closed, sodium / potassium alloys are often used, which are solid in the cooled state and liquid in the operating state. If the cooling channel is open, cooling oil is generally introduced inside it. In this case, such a cooling channel has at least one oil inlet and at least one oil outlet through which cooling oil is supplied to or discharged from the cooling channel.

Patent Document 1 discloses a general type internal combustion engine including a funnel-shaped element for supplying cooling oil to a cooling channel of a piston. The cooling channel is closed by a cover plate. Further, the funnel-shaped element is provided on both sides of the vertical axis of the funnel-shaped element, which is provided on the upper tubular pipe portion facing the cooling channel, the lower opening funnel-shaped portion adjacent to the lower side thereof, and the upper side of the pipe portion. It is equipped with a diffuser having two channels arranged in the radial direction and facing outward. This diffuser has an axial center channel between two radially outwardly oriented channels. The central channel guides a portion of the cooling oil flowing through the pipe portion to the upper boundary of the cooling channel opposite the funnel element, thereby cooling the area of the piston.

German Patent Application Publication No. 10290956922

Here, the drawback of a piston with a closed cooling channel is that the controllability of cooling performance is limited as a result of the cooling medium collected within the closed cooling channel. On the other hand, the disadvantage of a piston with an open cooling channel is that the cooling performance is weakened due to the small heat capacity of the cooling oil.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to present, for general types of internal combustion engines, an improved or at least alternative embodiment that can overcome the shortcomings known in particular in the prior art. Is.

According to the present invention, this object is achieved by the subject matter of independent claim 1. Dependent claims relate to advantageous embodiments.

The present invention increases the output of an internal combustion engine by allowing the pistons of the internal combustion engine to be cooled as needed, i.e., cooling the pistons stronger or weaker depending on the load generated. Based on the basic idea of increasing. Here, the internal combustion engine according to the present invention includes at least one piston in which a cooling channel extending at least a part of the entire circumference is formed in the region of the piston head. The cooling channel has at least one inlet opening and at least one outlet opening, and in the area of the crankcase of the internal combustion engine, a first injection for injecting cooling oil into the corresponding inlet opening of the cooling channel. A nozzle is provided. The piston of the internal combustion engine is provided at the corresponding inlet opening and has at least one funnel-like element for collecting the cooling oil jet from the first injection nozzle and introducing it into the cooling channel. According to the present invention, the crankcase is provided with at least one second injection nozzle directed at the same funnel-shaped element as the first injection nozzle. Here, the funnel-shaped element is configured so that at least the corresponding cooling oil jets from the first and second injection nozzles can be collected and introduced into the cooling channel according to the present invention. Therefore, according to the internal combustion engine according to the present invention, it becomes possible for the first time to apply cooling oil from a plurality of injection nozzles in a crankcase to a corresponding piston. And thereby, the piston can be cooled more powerfully by supplying the second or additional cooling oil jet to the cooling channel of the corresponding piston, especially by connecting the second or additional injection nozzle. So, for example, a second or additional injection nozzle may be connected during full load operation of the internal combustion engine, which may supply more cooling oil to the cooling channel of the piston and allow the piston to cool well. Further, during the partial load operation, the second cooling oil jet via the second injection nozzle may be shut off. Therefore, during partial load operation, which requires a relatively small cooling force, the amount of cooling oil injected into the cooling channel of the corresponding piston becomes small, and the cooling of the piston becomes relatively weak. On the other hand, during full load operation where strong cooling of the piston is required, the piston may be further cooled by the cooling oil jet of the second injection nozzle. As described above, the piston can be cooled as needed. Therefore, according to the internal combustion engine according to the present invention, it is possible to realize cooling that is improved and necessary, and thus cooling according to the output, particularly cooling that enables high output of the internal combustion engine. Purely theoretically, it is naturally conceivable that the cooling oil from both injection nozzles acts on the cooling channel during partial load operation, where the two cooling oil jets are used for cooling the internal combustion engine during full load operation. It has only a portion of the jet output or jet volume of the oil jet. The piston of the internal combustion engine is affected by the cooling oil from both injection nozzles even during full load operation, but the cooling oil jets of the first and second injection nozzles during full load operation are those during partial load operation. More or more powerful than. Also, by providing at least one second injection nozzle, for example, the first injection nozzle is made smaller than before, and thereby is previously inaccessible in the crankcase due to, for example, a large injection nozzle. It is possible to provide the nozzle at a location, which allows the structural space that was previously inaccessible to be used for arranging smaller injection nozzles.

In an advantageous embodiment of the solution according to the invention, the first and second injection nozzles are configured such that the respective cooling oil jets reach the corresponding funnel-shaped elements at different piston radii. Thus, in this case, the crankcase is configured to collect the cooling oil jets from the two corresponding injection nozzles at different piston radii from each other so that the two injection nozzles have the two cooling oil jets together. When they are parallel, they may be provided at different piston radii, or when the two cooling oil jets extend diagonally from each other, they may be provided at completely different locations within the crankcase. Here, the first injection nozzle is directed so that the first cooling oil jet reaches the cooling channel at a substantially radial center of the cooling channel. The second cooling oil jet from the second injection nozzle does not actually reach within the radial range of the cooling channel, but is collected by a funnel-shaped element and guided into the cooling channel.

Advantageously, the cooling channel is covered by a cooling channel cover, eg, a cooling channel plate, in a manner known from the following, where the funnel-shaped element is a retainer that holds the funnel-shaped element to the cooling channel cover. Has. Most preferably, at least one funnel-shaped element is relatively simply secured to the cooling channel cover of the cooling channel, for example by simply pressing or clamping the cooling channel cover to the corresponding holding portion of the funnel-shaped element. It is possible, which also makes it possible to assemble the piston relatively simply and thus inexpensively.

Advantageously, the holding portion has a plurality of clamp fingers for sandwiching and clamping the cooling channel cover, and the cooling channel cover is clamped between the clamp fingers. Such clamp fingers are therefore prestressed against each other with the funnel-shaped elements fixed to the piston, thus clamping the cooling channel cover in the meantime. The two opposing holdings are provided so as to have two clamp fingers each, wherein the two holdings are arranged, for example, at an angle of less than 180 ° with respect to each other, thereby forming a funnel-shaped element. Can be provided so as not to rotate to the corresponding inlet openings of one cooling channel cover or a plurality of cooling channel covers adjacent to each other in the area. The non-rotating funnel element in the area of the corresponding inlet opening ensures that the cooling oil jets of at least two injection nozzles are particularly reliably collected, and therefore particularly effective and reliable piston cooling. Is especially important to be able to achieve.

In another advantageous embodiment of the solution according to the invention, the first and second injection nozzles are directed such that the first and second cooling oil jets extend obliquely with respect to each other. This makes it possible to arrange the two injection nozzles particularly freely in the crankcase, which in particular leads to an improvement in the degree of structural freedom.

In an advantageous development of the solution according to the invention, the funnel-shaped element has an asymmetric funnel bowl. For example, the arrangement of the funnel bowl, such as an asymmetric funnel bowl, may be chosen to be relatively thin with respect to the piston shaft or piston skirt, which also has advantages regarding the composition of the funnel-shaped element. , Brings advantages in terms of funnel bowl size and collection range of funnel-shaped elements.

In another advantageous embodiment of the solution according to the invention, the internal combustion engine comprises at least one piston having two inlet openings, each provided with a rugged element, wherein here in the crankcase. The area of the piston is provided with at least four injection nozzles for injecting cooling oil into the corresponding inlet opening, two of which are directed at one inlet opening and the other two. The nozzle is directed at the other inlet opening. Thereby, for example, it is possible to realize particularly efficient and powerful cooling of the piston required during full load operation, which can also increase the output of the internal combustion engine.

The present invention is also a method of operating an internal combustion engine, in which a cooling oil jet is injected into a corresponding cage element only by a first injection nozzle during partial load operation, while a first injection nozzle is injected during full load operation. And based on the basic idea of presenting a method of injecting a cooling oil jet into the same cage element by both at least one second injection nozzle. Accordingly, it is possible to implement a method of operation that allows the internal combustion engine to be cooled, and thus to increase the output of the internal combustion engine, in particular as needed. Here, of course, the internal combustion engine may include not only one cylinder but also, for example, four or eight cylinders, wherein the piston having at least one of the above-mentioned rugged elements is these, according to the invention. The internal combustion engine crankcase is provided in at least one of the cylinders of the internal combustion engine and has at least two injections directed at a common rugged element in the area of at least one piston, preferably in the area of multiple or all pistons. It has a piston, which makes it possible to cool the piston specifically as needed. Here, particularly advantageously, for example, the second injection nozzle, when directed and connected or actuated in such a manner, is only relevant in a particular region, eg, the top dead center or bottom dead center of the piston. It is configured to inject cooling oil into the cooling channel of the piston, thereby cooling the piston according to both position and angle of rotation.

Other important features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, from the drawings, and from the description of the corresponding figures with reference to the drawings.

It should be appreciated that the features described above or below may be used not only in the combinations shown respectively, but also in other combinations or alone without departing from the scope of the invention.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line ZZ of FIG. 2 of the internal combustion engine according to the present invention in the region of a cylinder. FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the piston of FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a funnel-shaped element according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The following description of preferred embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to limit the invention, its applications, or its uses. Also, the same reference numerals indicate the same or similar or functionally identical components.

As shown in FIG. 1, the internal combustion engine 1 according to the present invention of the automobile 2 (not shown in detail) includes a piston 3. The piston 3 has a cooling channel 5 extending at least a part of the entire circumference formed in the region of the piston head 4. The cooling channel 5 discharges the cooling oil 7 from at least one inlet opening 6, preferably two inlet openings 6, 6'as shown in FIG. 2, for introducing the cooling oil 7 into the cooling channel 5. It has at least one outlet opening (not shown) for use. In the region of the crankcase 8 of the internal combustion engine 1, a first injection nozzle 9 for injecting the cooling oil 7 into the corresponding inlet opening 6 is provided. Further, at least one inlet opening 6 is provided with a funnel-shaped element 10 (see also FIGS. 2 and 3) for collecting the cooling oil jet 11 from the first injection nozzle 9 and introducing the cooling oil jet 11 into the cooling channel 5. ing. According to the present invention, the crankcase 8 is provided with at least one second injection nozzle 12 (see FIG. 1) directed at the same funnel-shaped element 10 as the first injection nozzle 9. Here, the funnel-shaped element 10 is configured so that at least the cooling oil jets 11 and 13 from the corresponding first and second injection nozzles 9 and 12 can be collected and introduced into the cooling channel 5 of the corresponding piston 3. Has been done.

Here, as shown in FIG. 2, the first and second injection nozzles 9 and 12 have the cooling oil jets 11 and 13 reaching the corresponding funnel-shaped elements 10 at different piston radii R ₁ and R ₂ . Is aimed at. Here, by providing at least one second injection nozzle 12, a completely new cooling concept of the internal combustion engine 1 becomes possible. In particular, for example, by connecting the second injection nozzle 12 during full load operation and shutting off the second injection nozzle 12 during partial load operation, the internal combustion engine 1 can be cooled as needed. Thereby, in particular, the output capacity of the internal combustion engine 1 can be substantially increased.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the cooling channel 5 is covered by a cooling channel cover 14, for example, a cooling channel plate. The funnel-shaped element 10 includes a holding portion 15 having a clamp finger 16. The clamp finger 16 is oriented and configured so that the cooling channel cover 14 can be clamped between the clamp fingers 16 with the funnel-shaped element 10 fitted to the piston 3. Of course, the funnel-shaped element 10 is also compatible with a piston 1 manufactured by welding and having a closed cooling channel 5. In this case, therefore, the cooling channel 5 is formed by assembling the upper piston portion and the lower piston portion. The funnel-shaped element 10 may then be held in the recess of the cooling channel 5 (made by drilling, forging, or casting) in the axial direction of the piston.

In particular, as shown in FIG. 2, the two holding portions 15 of the funnel-shaped element 10 are not provided so as to face each other with a distance of 180 °, but are provided at an angle of less than 180 °. Thereby, the funnel-shaped element 10 can be clearly attached to the cooling channel cover 14 in a predetermined position, so that the funnel bowl 17 of the funnel-shaped element 10 can be fixed in a predetermined direction. It will be realized. This is especially essential for collecting the cooling oil jets 11 and 13 with high reliability. Here, the two injection nozzles 9 and 12 are purely exemplary illustrations of providing at least one additional injection nozzle, in this example a second injection nozzle 12. Therefore, it is naturally conceivable to provide a further injection nozzle, for example, a third or fourth injection nozzle (not shown).

As shown in FIG. 1, the two cooling oil jets 11 and 13 extend substantially parallel to each other from the corresponding injection nozzles 9 and 12. However, of course, the first and second injection nozzles 9 and 12 may be oriented so that the first and second cooling oil jets 11 and 13 extend obliquely with respect to each other. An example of the latter is represented in FIG. 1 by a second injection nozzle 12 with a cooling oil jet 13'.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the funnel-shaped element 10 comprises cooling oil jets 11 and 13 or an asymmetric funnel bowl 17 for reliably collecting additional cooling oil jets (not shown). Here, the funnel-shaped element 10 may be composed of a metal such as aluminum or a resin material, while the piston 3 may be configured as, for example, a steel piston or an aluminum piston. Further, for example, as in the piston 3 of FIG. 2, two inlet openings 6, 6'may be provided for each piston 3. In this case, the funnel-shaped element 10 may be provided at each inlet opening 6,6', and in this example, a total of four injection nozzles for injecting the cooling oil 7 into the corresponding inlet openings 6,6'. 9 and 12 are provided. Here, the two injection nozzles 9 and 12 are directed to one inlet opening 6, and the remaining two injection nozzles 9 and 12 are directed to the other inlet opening 6'. In this case, therefore, the internal combustion engine 1 has a total of four injection nozzles 9, 12 for each piston 3, that is, two first injection nozzles 9 and two second injection nozzles 12.

By providing at least two injection nozzles 9 and 12 for each of the inlet openings 6 and 6', it becomes possible to cool the piston 3 in particular as needed, thereby cooling the internal combustion engine 1 as needed. As a result, the cooling of the internal combustion engine 1 can be improved, and the output of the internal combustion engine 1 can be increased.

The slope of the funnel wall is of course important for optimizing the flow of cooling oil 7 within the cooling channel 5. This gradient can be manipulated by the height H of the funnel bowl 17 and / or the diameter of the cooling oil jets 11, 13 but they are usually predetermined. Here, the funnel height H is freely selectable, but must not exceed the lower shaft end 18 in its axial spread (see FIG. 1). Further, by changing the height H, the degree of freedom regarding the arrangement of the funnel-shaped element 10 can be improved. Of course, the engagement height h at which the funnel-shaped element 10 engages with the cooling channel 5 is such that the direction of the cooling oil jets 11 and 13 that collide with each other is changed, and thus the flow direction of the cooling oil 7 in the cooling channel 5 is predetermined. As such, they may be set individually (see FIG. 3).

Therefore, according to the internal combustion engine 1 according to the present invention and the cage element 10 according to the present invention, cooling of the internal combustion engine 1 corresponding to the output is realized as needed, thereby increasing the output capacity of the internal combustion engine 1. Can be done.

1 Internal combustion engine 3 Piston 4 Piston head 5 Cooling channel 6 Inlet opening 6'Inlet opening 7 Cooling oil 8 Crankcase 9 1st injection nozzle 10 Gorgeous element 11 Cooling oil jet 12 2nd injection nozzle 13 Cooling oil jet 14 Cooling channel cover 15 Holding part 16 Crankfinger 17 Asymmetric jet bowl R ₁ Piston radius R ₂ Piston radius

Claims (13)

A piston (3) in which a cooling channel (5) extending at least a part of the entire circumference is formed in the region of the piston head (4).
The entrance opening (6) communicating with the cooling channel (5) and
A first injection nozzle (9) provided in the area of the crankcase (8) for injecting cooling oil (7) into the corresponding inlet opening (6).
With a funnel-shaped element (10) provided at the inlet opening (6) for collecting the first cooling oil jet (11) from the first injection nozzle (9) and introducing it into the cooling channel (5). Internal combustion engine (1) equipped with
Further provided with a second injection nozzle (12) provided in the crankcase (8) and directed at the funnel-shaped element (10).
The cage element (10) collects the first cooling oil jet (11) from the first injection nozzle (9) and the second cooling oil jet (13) from the second injection nozzle (12). It is configured so that it can be introduced in the cooling channel (5).
An internal combustion engine characterized in that the diameter of the first injection nozzle (9) and the diameter of the second injection nozzle (12) are different from each other. In claim 1,
In the first and second injection nozzles (9, 12), the first and second cooling oil jets (11, 13) have different piston radii (R ₁ , R) from the corresponding funnel-shaped element (10). An internal combustion engine characterized by being configured to reach in ₂ ). In claim 1 or 2,
The internal combustion engine, wherein the cooling channel (5) is covered with a cooling channel cover (14). In claim 1 or 2,
The cooling channel (5) is an internal combustion engine characterized in that it is formed by assembling an upper piston portion and a lower piston portion. In claim 4,
An internal combustion engine characterized in that the funnel-shaped element (10) is held in a recess of the cooling channel (5) in the piston axial direction. In claim 5,
The recess is an internal combustion engine characterized by being formed by drilling, forging, or casting. In claim 3,
The funnel-shaped element (10) is an internal combustion engine having a holding portion (15) for holding the funnel-shaped element (10) on the cooling channel cover (14). In claim 7,
The internal combustion engine, wherein the holding portion (15) has a clamp finger (16) that clamps the cooling channel cover (14). In any one of claims 1 to 8,
The first and second injection nozzles (9, 12) are internal combustion engines characterized in that the first and second cooling oil jets (11, 13) are directed so as to extend obliquely with respect to each other. In any one of claims 1 to 9,
The funnel-shaped element (10) is an internal combustion engine characterized by having an asymmetric funnel bowl (17). In any one of claims 1 to 10,
The funnel-shaped element (10) is made of metal and is made of metal.
And / or
The piston (3) is an internal combustion engine characterized in that it is configured as a steel piston or an aluminum piston. In any one of claims 1 to 11,
The two entrance openings (6, 6') each provided with the funnel-shaped element (10), and
A total of four injection nozzles (9, 12) for injecting the cooling oil (7) into the corresponding inlet openings (6, 6'), i.e. directed to one of the inlet openings (6). An internal combustion engine comprising two of the injection nozzles (9,12) and two of the above injection nozzles (9,12) directed at the other inlet opening (6'). The method for operating the internal combustion engine (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12.
During the partial load operation, the cooling oil jet (11) is injected into the corresponding funnel-shaped element (10) of the corresponding piston (3) only by the first injection nozzle (9).
During full load operation, the cooling oil jets (11, 13) are placed in the same funnel-shaped element (10) of the corresponding piston (3) by the first injection nozzle (9) and the second injection nozzle (12). A method characterized by injecting.

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