JP2022080238A - Method for determining properties of molten metal of aluminum alloy - Google Patents
Method for determining properties of molten metal of aluminum alloy Download PDFInfo
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- JP2022080238A JP2022080238A JP2020202282A JP2020202282A JP2022080238A JP 2022080238 A JP2022080238 A JP 2022080238A JP 2020202282 A JP2020202282 A JP 2020202282A JP 2020202282 A JP2020202282 A JP 2020202282A JP 2022080238 A JP2022080238 A JP 2022080238A
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本発明はアルミニウム合金の溶湯の性状を判定する方法、より詳細に述べると、アルミニウム合金の溶湯を鋳造する以前に、炉前でアルミニウム合金の溶湯の性状を判定する方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for determining the properties of a molten aluminum alloy, and more specifically, a method for determining the properties of a molten aluminum alloy in front of a furnace before casting the molten aluminum alloy.
アルミニウム合金の溶湯の良し悪しは、化学成分を測定しただけでは、その性質を判定することができない。すなわち、アルミニウム合金には酸化しやすいマグネシウムが含有されているために、形成される酸化マグネシウムやスピネルなどの酸化物量によってその性質が異なるからである。また、アルミニウム合金の溶湯には水素ガスが溶解しやすいことから、溶解した水素の量によってその性質が異なるからである。アルミニウム合金の溶湯の良し悪しは、これらのアルミニウム合金の溶湯中の酸化物量と水素量をあわせた溶湯性状により判定することができる。 The quality of the molten aluminum alloy cannot be determined only by measuring the chemical composition. That is, since the aluminum alloy contains magnesium that is easily oxidized, its properties differ depending on the amount of oxides such as magnesium oxide and spinel formed. Further, since hydrogen gas is easily dissolved in the molten metal of the aluminum alloy, its properties differ depending on the amount of dissolved hydrogen. The quality of the molten aluminum alloy can be determined by the molten metal properties, which is the sum of the amount of oxide and the amount of hydrogen in the molten aluminum alloy.
従来、このような溶湯性状を知るためには、溶湯の凝固後に顕微鏡を用いて測定する以外には適当な手段がなかった。しかし、前記方法は、アルミニウム合金の溶湯を鋳型に注入した後の測定検査によって行われるものであって、注入前に鋳造後のアルミニウム合金の性状を予知する的確な方法はなかったのである。 Conventionally, in order to know the properties of such a molten metal, there has been no suitable means other than measuring with a microscope after the molten metal has solidified. However, the above method is performed by measurement and inspection after injecting the molten aluminum alloy into the mold, and there is no accurate method for predicting the properties of the aluminum alloy after casting before the injection.
一方、溶湯の注入前にＪＩＳ規格のＫモールド試験を行うことが一般に行われるが、これは専らこれから製造しようとする鋳物の酸化物量だけを確認するためであって、単に溶湯の性状の一部を知るにすぎないものである。また、溶湯の注入時に水素センサー試験を行うことがあるが、これは専らこれから製造しようとする溶湯の水素量だけを確認するためであって、単に溶湯の性状の一部を知るにすぎないものである。 On the other hand, a JIS standard K-mold test is generally performed before injecting the molten metal, but this is solely for confirming the amount of oxide in the casting to be manufactured, and is merely a part of the properties of the molten metal. It is only to know. In addition, a hydrogen sensor test may be performed when injecting the molten metal, but this is only to confirm the amount of hydrogen in the molten metal to be manufactured, and only to know a part of the properties of the molten metal. Is.
そこで、発明者たちは、凝固させる際の圧力を変化させたアルミニウム合金の鋳塊の圧力と比重の関係から、溶湯の性状を判定することに意を用いたのである。ところで、公知技術として、凝固の際に圧力を利用するものとしては、減圧凝固法と呼ばれる方法がある。しかし、これも専らこれから製造しようとする溶湯の水素量だけを確認するためであって、単に溶湯の性状の一部を知るにすぎないものである。 Therefore, the inventors used their intention to determine the properties of the molten metal from the relationship between the pressure and the specific gravity of the ingot of the aluminum alloy in which the pressure at the time of solidification was changed. By the way, as a known technique, there is a method called a vacuum coagulation method as a method of utilizing pressure at the time of solidification. However, this is also solely for confirming the amount of hydrogen in the molten metal to be produced, and merely knows a part of the properties of the molten metal.
解決しようとする問題点は、炉前でアルミニウム合金の溶湯の酸化物量と水素量を合わせた溶湯性状を判定できない点である。そこで、アルミニウム合金の溶湯の酸化物量と水素量を合わせた溶湯性状を、炉前で判定する方法を提供することを課題とする。 The problem to be solved is that it is not possible to determine the molten metal properties, which is the sum of the amount of oxide and the amount of hydrogen in the molten aluminum alloy, in front of the furnace. Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for determining the molten metal properties, which is the sum of the amount of oxide and the amount of hydrogen in the molten metal of an aluminum alloy, in front of the furnace.
前記の目的を達成するために、この発明はアルミニウム合金の溶湯を第一の試料採取容器に溶湯を注入して、その圧力を測定しながら凝固させて比重を測定することと、第二の試料採取容器に溶湯を注入した後に、前期圧力よりも低い圧力下において圧力を測定しながら凝固させて比重を測定することと、それらの測定された比重と圧力の関係から前記アルミニウム合金の溶湯の性状を判定することを特徴とするものである。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises injecting a molten metal of an aluminum alloy into a first sampling container, solidifying the molten metal while measuring the pressure thereof, and measuring the specific gravity, and a second sample. After injecting the molten metal into the sampling container, it is solidified while measuring the pressure under the pressure lower than the previous period pressure to measure the specific gravity, and the properties of the molten metal of the aluminum alloy from the relationship between the measured specific gravity and the pressure. Is characterized by determining.
第一の試料採取容器の圧力は大気圧であっても構わない。 The pressure of the first sampling container may be atmospheric pressure.
あるいは、前記大気圧で凝固させた鋳塊の比重の代用値として、供試アルミニウム合金溶湯の化学成分の値から算出した理論比重を用いても構わない。 Alternatively, the theoretical specific gravity calculated from the value of the chemical composition of the molten aluminum alloy under test may be used as a substitute value for the specific gravity of the ingot solidified at atmospheric pressure.
ところで、この発明は多くの実験の結果、鋳造しようとするアルミニウム合金溶湯の性状は、鋳塊の単位圧力あたりの比重差によって決定するものであることを確認したことによって完成したものである。すなわち、高い圧力で凝固させた第一の鋳塊と、低い圧力で凝固させた第二の鋳塊の比重を測定して、それらが凝固した圧力差から求めた単位圧力あたりの鋳塊の比重差を調べた結果から、比重差が小さい場合には生成する巣は小さく、それに反して比重差が大きい場合には生成する巣が大きいことを確認したことによって裏付けられるものである。 By the way, this invention was completed by confirming as a result of many experiments that the properties of the molten aluminum alloy to be cast are determined by the difference in specific gravity per unit pressure of the ingot. That is, the specific densities of the ingot per unit pressure obtained by measuring the specific densities of the first ingot solidified at a high pressure and the second ingot solidified at a low pressure from the pressure difference at which they solidified. From the result of examining the difference, it is confirmed that the nest formed is small when the difference in density is small, and on the contrary, the nest formed is large when the difference in density is large.
本発明によるアルミニウム合金の溶湯の性状を判定する方法は、炉前で鋳塊の比重差を計測することから、迅速に判定できるという利点がある。 The method for determining the properties of the molten aluminum alloy according to the present invention has an advantage that it can be determined quickly because the difference in the specific gravity of the ingot is measured in front of the furnace.
アルミニウム合金の溶湯の性状を炉前で判定できる方法を提供するという目的を、アルミニウム合金の溶湯を異なる圧力下で凝固させ、それらの鋳塊の比重を測定して単位圧力あたりの比重差によって判定することにより実現した。 The purpose of providing a method for determining the properties of the molten aluminum alloy in front of the furnace is to solidify the molten aluminum alloy under different pressures, measure the specific gravity of the ingots, and determine by the difference in specific gravity per unit pressure. It was realized by doing.
この発明の方法を実行するために、図１に示すように第一の試料採取容器１と第二の試料採取容器２と従来周知の減圧装置３を用意した。 In order to carry out the method of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, a
次に、供試溶湯を第一の試料採取容器１と第二の試料採取容器２に注入した。
第一の試料採取容器１の溶湯は大気圧（１０１ｋＰａ）で凝固させ、第二の試料採取容器２の溶湯は５ｋＰａで凝固させた。また、第一の試料採取容器１で凝固させた鋳塊の比重Ｒ１と第二の試料採取容器２で凝固させた鋳塊の比重Ｒ２を測定し、その差を算出した。これらの測定結果より、本供試溶湯の溶湯性状を示すｍ値は（Ｒ１－Ｒ２）／（１０１ｋＰａ－５ｋＰａ）で示すことができる。Next, the test molten metal was poured into the
The molten metal of the
これらの２種の試料採取容器１、２に注入するアルミニウム合金の溶湯として、ＪＩＳ規格のＡＤＣ１２合金の溶湯を溶製した。また、それらの溶湯を保持することにより、生成する酸化物量を変化させるとともに水素量を変化させた。 As the molten aluminum alloy to be injected into these two types of
これらの各種の溶湯について、この発明の方法によって測定した溶湯性状を示すｍ値と共に、Ｋモールド法によるＫ値と、水素センサーによる水素量を測定して関係を調べた。その結果、酸化物量を示すＫ値と本発明により溶湯性状を示すｍ値の関係を作図すると図２に示す通りであって、両者間には相関関係があることが判る。次に、水素量と本発明による溶湯性状を示すｍ値の関係を作図すると図３に示す通りであって、両者間には相関関係があることが判る。 The relationship between these various molten metal was investigated by measuring the K value by the K mold method and the amount of hydrogen by the hydrogen sensor, as well as the m value indicating the molten metal property measured by the method of the present invention. As a result, when the relationship between the K value indicating the amount of oxide and the m value indicating the molten metal property is plotted according to the present invention, it is as shown in FIG. 2, and it can be seen that there is a correlation between the two. Next, when the relationship between the amount of hydrogen and the m value indicating the molten metal properties according to the present invention is plotted, it is as shown in FIG. 3, and it can be seen that there is a correlation between the two.
本発明により溶湯性状を示すｍ値が１以下の鋳塊を切断して断面の観察を行ったところ、巣はほとんど見られなかった。よって、ｍ値が１以下と小さな溶湯の性状は良いと言える。一方、本発明により溶湯性状を示すｍ値が４以上の鋳塊を切断して断面の観察を行ったところ、巣が多く形成されていた。よって、ｍ値が４以上と大きな溶湯の性状は悪いと言える。 According to the present invention, when an ingot having an m value of 1 or less indicating the molten metal properties was cut and the cross section was observed, almost no nest was observed. Therefore, it can be said that the properties of the molten metal having a small m value of 1 or less are good. On the other hand, according to the present invention, when an ingot having an m value of 4 or more indicating the molten metal properties was cut and the cross section was observed, many nests were formed. Therefore, it can be said that the properties of the molten metal having a large m value of 4 or more are poor.
以上に述べた通り、この発明によれば、アルミニウム合金の溶湯を鋳型に注入する以前に、その溶湯によってアルミニウム合金の性状を判定することができる。 As described above, according to the present invention, the properties of the aluminum alloy can be determined by the molten metal before the molten aluminum alloy is poured into the mold.
本発明に係るアルミニウム合金溶湯の性状を判定する方法は、炉前で鋳塊の比重差を計測することから迅速に判定できるという利点がある。このため、産業上の利用の可能性を有する。 The method for determining the properties of the molten aluminum alloy according to the present invention has an advantage that it can be determined quickly because the difference in the specific gravity of the ingot is measured in front of the furnace. Therefore, it has the possibility of industrial use.
１ 第一の試料採取容器
２ 第二の試料採取容器
３ 減圧装置1
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