JP2022057446A - Non-air-conditioned building - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a non-air-conditioned building capable of effectively preventing dew condensation on an earthen floor.SOLUTION: A warehouse (1) in a non-air-conditioned building has an earthen floor (11). The warehouse (1) comprises: a blower (20) that is arranged in an indoor space (10), and can blow air to the earthen floor (11) side; an earthen floor temperature sensor (42) that detects the surface temperature of the earthen floor (11); and a controller (50) that drives the blower (20) when the surface temperature of the earthen floor (11) is lower than the temperature of the indoor space (10).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a non-air-conditioned building, and more particularly to a non-air-conditioned building having a soil floor.

Warehouses such as distribution warehouses generally do not have air conditioning equipment, and multiple items are stored at room temperature. Many such room temperature warehouses are equipped with a ventilation fan for ventilating the air in the indoor space and a blower for circulating the air in the indoor space, but are not equipped with a dehumidifier or the like.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2019-49400 (Patent Document 1) is provided with a ventilation fan and an air circulator that sends an air flow into a gap between stored items, and is used for relative humidity and absolute humidity in an indoor space, absolute humidity in an outdoor space, and the like. Based on this, a technique for controlling the drive of a ventilation fan and an air circulator to reduce the humidity in an indoor space is disclosed.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2019-49400

Although the technique of Patent Document 1 can reduce the humidity of the indoor space, it is not sufficiently effective as a measure against dew condensation on the soil floor that suddenly occurs at a predetermined time.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a non-air-conditioned building capable of effectively preventing dew condensation on the soil floor.

A non-air-conditioned building according to an aspect of the present invention has a soil floor, is arranged in an indoor space, has a blower capable of blowing air to the soil floor side, a soil floor temperature sensor that detects the surface temperature of the soil floor, and a soil floor. It is provided with a control device for driving the blower when the surface temperature of the air conditioner is lower than the temperature of the indoor space.

Preferably, the control device drives a blower to perform a dew condensation drying operation when the surface temperature of the soil floor is lower than the temperature of the indoor space and the dew point temperature of the indoor space is lower than the surface temperature of the soil floor. ..

Preferably, the control device is used when the difference between the surface temperature of the soil floor and the dew point temperature of the indoor space is equal to or less than a predetermined temperature even when the surface temperature of the soil floor is higher than the dew point temperature of the indoor space. Drive the blower to prevent dew condensation.

Preferably, the dew condensation prevention operation is a weaker operation than the dew condensation drying operation.

Preferably, a ventilation fan for ventilating the air in the indoor space is further provided, and the control device drives the ventilation fan when the predetermined ventilation conditions are satisfied and the surface temperature of the soil floor is higher than the outdoor dew point temperature. ..

Preferably, the blower is a ceiling fan that blows air toward the soil floor.

According to the present invention, dew condensation on the soil floor of a non-air-conditioned building can be effectively prevented.

It is a vertical sectional view which shows the schematic structure of the warehouse which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the process performed by the control apparatus in embodiment of this invention. It is a graph which shows the transition of the temperature of the indoor space in a warehouse, the surface temperature of the soil floor, the dew point temperature of the indoor space, and the outdoor temperature. It is a flowchart which shows the process performed by the control apparatus in embodiment of this invention.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The same or corresponding parts in the drawings are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will not be repeated.

(About the configuration)
First, a configuration example of a non-air-conditioned building according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a non-air-conditioned building according to the present embodiment. The non-air-conditioned building is typically a warehouse without air-conditioning equipment, and may be a building such as a factory without air-conditioning equipment. In the present embodiment, the non-air-conditioned building will be described as a warehouse.

Warehouse 1 has an indoor space 10 surrounded by a soil floor 11, a ceiling 12, and an outer wall 13. A large number of stored items (not shown) are housed in the indoor space 10 at room temperature. The stored items are piled up on the soil floor 11.

The storage is composed of, for example, an article and a cardboard box for packing it. Since the cardboard box is vulnerable to moisture, it may deteriorate if dew condensation occurs on the soil floor 11. Further, although the stored items are moved by a forklift or the like, if dew condensation occurs on the soil floor 11, the operation may be hindered. Therefore, it is desired to prevent dew condensation on the soil floor 11 of the warehouse 1.

The soil floor 11 is formed by, for example, placing concrete or the like. The surface temperature of the soil floor 11 changes later than the temperature change of the indoor space 10.

Dew condensation on the soil floor 11 occurs when the soil floor 11 is cooled by, for example, a cold climate for several days, and the cooled soil floor 11 comes into contact with high-humidity outside air. The time when this event occurs is, for example, between March and September.

The roof of the warehouse 1 is, for example, a folded plate roof. The back surface of the folded plate roof is the ceiling 12, and the ceiling 12 is provided with the blower 20. The blower 20 is arranged in the indoor space 10 and can blow air to the soil floor 11 side. In other words, the blower 20 creates an air flow near the surface of the soil floor 11. The blower 20 is typically a ceiling fan that blows air toward the soil floor 11. The ceiling fan has a plurality of vanes. The length of the vane portion in the longitudinal direction is preferably longer, for example, 2 to 4 m. By driving the ceiling fan, an air flow (wind) from above to below toward the soil floor 11 can be generated.

The blower 20 is not limited to the ceiling fan provided on the ceiling 12, but is mounted on the soil floor 11 and causes wind to the left and right along the extending direction of the soil floor 11 near the surface of the soil floor 11. May be.

The outer wall 13 is provided with a ventilation fan 30 for ventilating the air in the indoor space 10. The ventilation fan 30 is, for example, an air supply fan, specifically, a pressure fan. The outer wall (not shown) facing the outer wall 13 may be provided with an exhaust port such as a louver. Therefore, the outside air is supplied to the indoor space 10 by driving the ventilation fan 30, and the air in the indoor space 10 is exhausted to the outside from the exhaust port. It is preferable that the ventilation fan 30 and the exhaust port are provided at substantially the same height.

The ventilation fan for ventilation of the indoor space 10 is not limited to the air supply fan, and may be configured by an exhaust fan. Alternatively, both an air supply fan and an exhaust fan may be included.

The warehouse 1 according to the present embodiment includes an indoor sensor 41 provided in the indoor space 10, a soil floor temperature sensor 42 for measuring the surface temperature of the soil floor 11 (hereinafter referred to as soil surface temperature), and an outdoor space 60. It is provided with an outdoor sensor 43 provided in the above.

The indoor sensor 41 detects the temperature of the indoor space 10 (hereinafter referred to as the indoor temperature) and the indoor relative humidity. The indoor dew point temperature is calculated based on the detected indoor temperature and indoor relative humidity.

The soil floor temperature sensor 42 is provided in an area other than the end of the indoor space 10 of the warehouse 1, and is provided, for example, in the substantially center of the indoor space 10. In other words, the soil floor temperature sensor 42 is provided in the area where the wind from the blower 20 hits.

The outdoor sensor 43 detects the outdoor temperature (hereinafter referred to as outdoor temperature) and the outdoor relative humidity of the outdoor space 60. The outdoor dew point temperature is calculated based on the detected outdoor temperature and outdoor relative humidity.

The blower 20, the ventilation fan 30, and these sensors 41, 42, and 43 are electrically connected to the control device 50. The control device 50 controls the drive (ON / OFF) of the blower 20 and the ventilation fan 30 based on the detection signals obtained from the sensors 41, 42, and 43. The control device 50 is composed of a general computer including a memory and a processor. The function of the calculation unit included in the sensors 41, 42, 43, that is, the absolute humidity calculation function may be realized by this computer.

(About blower control)
Next, a control method for the blower 20 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the processing of the blower 20 executed by the control device 50.

The control device 50 detects the indoor temperature and the indoor relative humidity of the indoor space 10 based on the signal from the indoor sensor 41, and compares the detected indoor temperature with the indoor temperature upper limit value (step S1). The indoor temperature upper limit value is a temperature at which dew condensation does not occur except when the humidity is abnormally high, and can be set to, for example, about 26 ° C. At 26 ° C, the workers staying in the warehouse 1 do not feel uncomfortable.

When the detected indoor temperature is higher than the indoor temperature upper limit value (for example, 26 ° C.), the blower 20 is driven (YES in step S1, S4). When the indoor temperature becomes higher than the indoor temperature upper limit value (for example, 26 ° C.), the surface temperature of the soil floor 11 is only about 26 ° C. even if the blower 20 is driven. Unless the humidity is abnormally high, the indoor dew point temperature is about 26 ° C., so that dew condensation is unlikely to occur on the soil floor 11. However, when the indoor temperature becomes higher than the indoor temperature upper limit value (for example, 26 ° C.), the worker staying in the warehouse 1 may feel uncomfortable, and the blower 20 is driven in order to reduce the unpleasantness.

On the other hand, when the detected indoor temperature is lower than the indoor temperature upper limit value (for example, 26 ° C.) (NO in step S1), the surface temperature of the soil floor 11 is detected based on the signal from the soil floor temperature sensor 42. The soil surface temperature and the indoor temperature are compared (step S2). If the soil surface temperature is higher than the indoor temperature, the blower 20 is not operated (NO, S5 in step S2).

If the soil surface temperature is lower than the indoor temperature, dew condensation may occur on the soil floor 11, so the process moves to the next step (YES in step S2). The control device 50 calculates the indoor dew point temperature from the indoor temperature and the indoor relative humidity detected by the indoor sensor 41, and compares the soil surface temperature with the indoor dew point temperature (step S3). When the soil surface temperature is higher than the indoor dew point temperature, the blower 20 is not operated because the soil floor 11 is not in an environment where dew condensation occurs (NO, S5 in step S3).

On the other hand, when the soil surface temperature is lower than the indoor dew point temperature, the soil floor 11 is in an environment where dew condensation occurs, so the blower 20 is operated (YES in step S3, S4). This is because the indoor temperature is higher than the soil surface temperature, so that the air in the indoor space 10 is applied to the soil floor 11 to raise the temperature of the soil floor 11 and prevent dew condensation on the soil floor 11. The above operation is a "condensation drying operation" for drying the dew condensation.

Further, although not shown in the flowchart of FIG. 2, in step S3, the control device 50 has a difference between the soil surface temperature and the indoor dew point temperature even when the soil surface temperature is higher than the indoor dew point temperature. When the temperature is below a predetermined temperature, the blower 20 is driven to perform "dew condensation prevention operation". The dew condensation prevention operation is performed when dew condensation does not actually occur on the soil floor 11 but it is likely that dew condensation will occur soon due to climate change, in order to prevent dew condensation from occurring on the soil floor 11. It is done in. Here, the predetermined temperature is preferably −0.5 ° C. or higher and −3 ° C. or lower, and is typically −1 ° C. or lower.

The dew condensation prevention operation is preferably a weak operation rather than a dew condensation drying operation. Specifically, in the dew condensation drying operation, the blower 20 is set to a strong operation with a large air volume, and in the dew condensation prevention operation, the blower 20 is set to a weak operation with a small air volume. As a result, the operation of the blower 20 can be changed according to the climate, instead of always making the blower 20 strongly operated, so that the running cost can be reduced.

(Relationship between the occurrence of dew condensation and temperature, etc.)
Next, with reference to FIG. 3, the relationship between the indoor temperature, the soil surface temperature, the indoor dew point temperature, and the outdoor temperature when dew condensation occurs on the soil floor 11 in the warehouse 1 will be described. FIG. 3 is a graph showing the transition of each temperature in the fall.

On the date and time of T1, the soil surface temperature is higher than the indoor temperature and the indoor dew point temperature. Therefore, dew condensation does not occur on the soil floor 11 in the first place, and when the blower 20 is driven, the temperature of the soil floor 11 becomes low due to the air in the indoor space 10 whose temperature is lower than the soil surface temperature, and the soil floor 11 can be dewed. The blower 20 is not operated because of the property (blower OFF).

On the date and time of T5, the soil surface temperature is lower than the indoor temperature. However, since the soil surface temperature is higher than the indoor dew point temperature and no dew condensation occurs on the soil floor 11, the blower 20 is not operated (blower OFF).

On the date and time of T2, the soil surface temperature is lower than the indoor temperature and the indoor dew point temperature. Therefore, since dew condensation may occur on the soil floor 11, the blower 20 is operated (blower ON). This is because by operating the blower 20, the air in the indoor space 10 warmer than the soil surface temperature hits the surface of the soil floor 11 and it is possible to suppress the formation of dew condensation on the soil floor 11. This operation is a "condensation drying operation".

On the date and time of T3, the indoor dew point temperature has risen and is approaching the above-mentioned soil surface temperature, and the difference between the indoor dew point temperature and the soil surface temperature becomes a predetermined temperature (for example, 1 ° C.), and the soil floor will soon be reached. 11 is in a state where dew condensation is likely to occur. By operating the blower 20 in such a state, the air in the indoor space 10 warmer than the soil surface temperature can be applied to the surface of the soil floor 11, so that the occurrence of dew condensation on the soil floor 11 can be suppressed. .. This operation is a "condensation prevention operation".

Further, on the date and time of T4, although the indoor dew point temperature is decreasing, the difference between the soil surface temperature and the indoor dew point temperature is still only a predetermined temperature (for example, 1 ° C. or less). Even in such a state, by operating the blower 20, the air of the indoor space 10 warmer than the soil surface temperature is applied to the surface of the soil floor 11, and the soil surface temperature is raised by 1 ° C. or more above the indoor dew point temperature. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of dew condensation on the soil floor 11 again. This operation is also "condensation prevention operation".

In this embodiment, when the soil surface temperature is lower than the indoor temperature, the blower 20 is driven to blow the warm air of the indoor space 10 to the surface of the soil floor 11, thereby increasing the surface temperature of the soil floor 11. It is possible to effectively suppress the occurrence of dew condensation on the soil floor 11. Further, when the soil surface temperature is lower than the indoor temperature and the indoor dew point temperature is lower than the soil surface temperature, the dew condensation drying operation is performed by driving the blower 20 to more reliably prevent dew condensation on the soil floor 11. Occurrence can be suppressed.

Further, even when the soil surface temperature is higher than the indoor dew point temperature, when the difference between the soil surface temperature and the indoor dew point temperature is equal to or less than the predetermined temperature, the blower 20 is driven to perform the dew condensation prevention operation. By operating the blower 20 as a preventive measure when dew condensation is likely to occur before and after the dew condensation occurs on the soil floor 11, it is possible to more reliably suppress the occurrence of dew condensation on the soil floor 11. Further, the running cost can be reduced by making the dew condensation drying operation a strong operation and the dew condensation prevention operation a weak operation.

As described above, since it is possible to suppress the occurrence of dew condensation on the soil floor 11 by using the blower 20 which is the existing equipment in the warehouse 1, it is not necessary to introduce new equipment such as a dehumidifier. By suppressing the occurrence of dew condensation on the soil floor 11, accidents such as forklifts can be prevented, and the corrugated cardboard can be prevented from collapsing due to moisture. Further, by suppressing the dew condensation on the soil floor 11, it is possible to prevent the generation of mold and reduce the risk of health damage to the worker.

(About control of ventilation fan)
Next, a method of controlling the ventilation fan 30 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the processing of the ventilation fan 30 executed by the control device 50. The control device 50 can control the ventilation fan 30 in addition to the control of the blower 20 described above.

The control device 50 detects the indoor temperature and the indoor relative humidity of the indoor space 10 based on the signal from the indoor sensor 41, and compares the detected indoor temperature with the indoor temperature upper limit value (step S11). The indoor temperature upper limit value is the same as the value described in step S1 of the control method of the blower 20. When the detected indoor temperature is lower than the indoor temperature upper limit value (for example, 26 ° C.), that is, when it is not hot, the operation of the ventilation fan 30 is stopped (NO, S17 in step S11). If the detected indoor temperature is higher than the indoor temperature upper limit (for example, 26 ° C.), that is, if it is hot, the process moves to the next step (YES in step S11).

The control device 50 detects the outdoor temperature and the outdoor relative humidity based on the signal from the outdoor sensor 43, and compares the detected outdoor temperature with the indoor temperature detected in the previous step (step S12). When the indoor temperature is lower than the outdoor temperature, the hot air of the outdoor space 60 is taken into the indoor space 10, so that the operation of the ventilation fan 30 is stopped (NO, S17 in step S12). If the indoor temperature is higher than the outdoor temperature, the process moves to the next step (YES in step S12).

The control device 50 compares the outdoor relative humidity upper limit value with the outdoor relative humidity detected in the previous step (step S13). The outdoor relative humidity upper limit is a humidity at which dew condensation does not occur except in the case of an abnormal climate, and can be set to, for example, about 80%. If the detected outdoor relative humidity is higher than the outdoor relative humidity upper limit (for example, 80%), dew condensation may occur, so move to the next step to check other conditions (step S13). NO, S14).

The indoor dew point temperature is calculated from the indoor temperature and indoor relative humidity detected by the indoor sensor 41, the outdoor dew point temperature is calculated from the outdoor temperature and outdoor relative humidity detected by the outdoor sensor 43, and the indoor dew point temperature and the outdoor dew point temperature are compared. (Step S14). When the indoor dew point temperature is lower than the outdoor dew point temperature, the high humidity air of the outdoor space 60 is taken into the indoor space 10, so that the ventilation fan 30 is not operated (NO, S17 in step S14). If the indoor dew point temperature is higher than the outdoor dew point temperature, the process moves to the next step (YES in step S14). The above steps are "predetermined ventilation conditions".

If these predetermined ventilation conditions are met, the next step is performed. Specifically, when the outdoor relative humidity is smaller than the outdoor relative humidity upper limit (for example, 80%) (YES in step S13), and when the indoor dew point temperature is higher than the outdoor dew point temperature (YES in step S14). ) Moves to step S15.

The control device 50 detects the soil surface temperature based on the signal from the soil floor temperature sensor 42, and compares the detected soil surface temperature with the outdoor dew point temperature (step S15). When the soil surface temperature is higher than the outdoor dew point temperature, the ventilation fan 30 is driven in order to prevent dew condensation from occurring on the soil floor 11 by taking in the low temperature and low humidity air of the outdoor space 60 into the indoor space 10 (step). YES in S15, S16).

If the soil surface temperature is lower than the outdoor dew point temperature, dew condensation may occur on the soil floor 11 when the ventilation fan 30 is driven, so the operation of the ventilation fan 30 is stopped (NO, S17 in step S15). ..

Since the control device 50 of the present embodiment can control the ventilation fan 30 in addition to the control of the blower 20, it is possible to more effectively suppress the occurrence of dew condensation on the soil floor 11. That is, the blower 20 can circulate the air in the indoor space 10, and the ventilation fan 30 can take in the air in the outdoor space 60 into the indoor space 10. Therefore, by linking them, a synergistic effect can be exhibited. can.

In the above embodiment, the control device 50 detects or calculates necessary numerical values (indoor temperature, indoor relative humidity, floor surface temperature, outdoor temperature, outdoor relative humidity, indoor dew point temperature, and outdoor dew point temperature) at each step. However, it may be detected or calculated collectively before all steps.

It should be considered that the embodiments disclosed this time are exemplary in all respects and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is shown by the scope of claims rather than the above description, and is intended to include all modifications within the meaning and scope equivalent to the scope of claims.

1 Warehouse (non-air-conditioned building), 10 indoor space, 11 soil floor, 20 blower, 30 ventilation fan, 42 soil floor temperature sensor, 50 control device.

Claims (6)

It is a non-air-conditioned building with a dirt floor and
A blower that is placed in the indoor space and can blow air to the floor side of the soil floor,
The soil floor temperature sensor that detects the surface temperature of the soil floor and
A non-air-conditioned building comprising a control device for driving the blower when the surface temperature of the soil floor is lower than the temperature of the indoor space. The control device drives the blower to dry dew condensation when the surface temperature of the soil floor is lower than the temperature of the indoor space and the dew point temperature of the indoor space is lower than the surface temperature of the soil floor. The non-air-conditioned building according to claim 1, which operates. In the control device, even when the surface temperature of the soil floor is higher than the dew point temperature of the indoor space, the difference between the surface temperature of the soil floor and the dew point temperature of the indoor space is equal to or less than a predetermined temperature. The non-air-conditioned building according to claim 2, wherein the blower is driven to perform dew condensation prevention operation. The non-air-conditioned building according to claim 3, wherein the dew condensation prevention operation is a weaker operation than the dew condensation drying operation. Further equipped with a ventilation fan for ventilating the air in the indoor space,
The non-air conditioning according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the control device drives the ventilation fan when a predetermined ventilation condition is satisfied and the surface temperature of the soil floor is higher than the outdoor dew point temperature. Building. The non-air-conditioned building according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the blower is a ceiling fan that blows air toward the soil floor.

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