JP2022051190A - Rotary machine - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a rotary machine that can improve power output using reluctance torque.SOLUTION: A rotary machine 1 has a surface magnet type rotor 3 rotatably arranged inside a stator 2. The rotor 3 includes a shaft member 31 disposed along a rotation axis A and a magnet unit 32 provided on the outer circumference of the shaft member 31 that alternately forms different magnetic poles along the circumferential direction. The shaft member 31 is formed to have different cross-sectional areas in d-axis and q-axis directions in the cross-section perpendicular to the rotation axis A.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a rotary machine.

Conventionally, as a rotary machine, for example, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2019-161933, a surface magnet type rotor and a brushless motor including the rotor are known. This rotor has a plurality of magnets around a rotating shaft, and magnets having different magnetic poles are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2019-161933

In a rotating machine provided with such a surface magnet type rotor, it is difficult to improve the output by using the reluctance torque. That is, in the surface magnet type rotor, since the permanent magnets are arranged along the peripheral surface, reluctance torque is unlikely to occur, and the rotation is mainly performed by the magnet torque.

Therefore, it is desired to develop a rotary machine capable of improving the output by using the reluctance torque.

The rotary machine according to one aspect of the present disclosure is a rotary machine in which a surface magnet type rotor is rotatably arranged inside a stator, and the rotor is a shaft member arranged along a rotation axis and a shaft member. The shaft member is provided on the outer peripheral side of the magnet portion and is provided with a magnet portion that alternately forms different magnetic poles along the circumferential direction. It is formed so as to have a cross-sectional area. According to this rotary machine, since the shaft member of the rotor is formed so that the cross-sectional area of the magnet portion is different in the d-axis direction and the q-axis direction, the magnetic flux in the shaft member is generated in the d-axis direction and the q-axis direction. The ease of passage can be different. As a result, the output of the rotating machine can be improved by using the reluctance torque when the rotating machine is driven.

Further, in the rotary machine according to one aspect of the present disclosure, the shaft member may be formed so that the cross-sectional area in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction in the cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis. In this case, since the rotor shaft member is formed so that the cross-sectional area in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction, the magnetic flux easily passes in the d-axis direction in the shaft member as compared with the q-axis direction. Become. As a result, the output of the rotating machine can be improved by using the reluctance torque when the rotating machine is driven.

Further, in the rotary machine according to one aspect of the present disclosure, the shaft member may be formed so that the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area in the d-axis direction in the cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis. In this case, since the rotor shaft member is formed so that the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area in the d-axis direction, the magnetic flux easily passes in the q-axis direction in the shaft member as compared with the d-axis direction. Become. As a result, the output of the rotating machine can be improved by using the reluctance torque when the rotating machine is driven.

Further, the rotary machine according to one aspect of the present disclosure is a rotary machine in which a surface magnet type rotor is rotatably arranged inside a stator, and the rotor is a shaft member arranged along a rotation axis. A magnet portion provided on the outer peripheral side of the shaft member and alternately forming different magnetic poles along the circumferential direction is provided, and the shaft member has a cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis in the d-axis direction of the magnet portion and the q-axis direction of the magnet portion. It is formed so that the length of the cross section is different. According to this rotary machine, since the shaft member of the rotor is formed so that the length of the cross section differs between the d-axis direction and the q-axis direction of the magnet portion, the magnetic flux in the shaft member in the d-axis direction and the q-axis direction. The ease of passage can be different. As a result, the output of the rotating machine can be improved by using the reluctance torque when the rotating machine is driven.

Further, in the rotary machine according to one aspect of the present disclosure, the shaft member is formed so that the length of the cross section in the d-axis direction is longer than the length of the cross section in the q-axis direction in the cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis. May be good. In this case, since the rotor shaft member is formed so that the length of the cross section in the d-axis direction is longer than the length of the cross-section in the q-axis direction, the magnetic flux in the shaft member is in the d-axis direction as compared with the q-axis direction. Will be easier to pass through. As a result, the output of the rotating machine can be improved by using the reluctance torque when the rotating machine is driven.

Further, in the rotary machine according to one aspect of the present disclosure, the shaft member is formed so that the length of the cross section in the q-axis direction is longer than the length of the cross section in the d-axis direction in the cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis. May be good. In this case, since the rotor shaft member is formed so that the length of the cross section in the q-axis direction is longer than the length of the cross-section in the d-axis direction, the magnetic flux in the shaft member is in the q-axis direction as compared with the d-axis direction. Will be easier to pass through. As a result, the output of the rotating machine can be improved by using the reluctance torque when the rotating machine is driven.

Further, in the rotating machine according to one aspect of the present disclosure, the stator forms a rotating magnetic field that precedes the rotation direction of the rotor with respect to the d-axis direction, and rotates the magnetic field in the rotation direction to rotate the rotor. May be good. The cross-sectional area of the shaft member in the d-axis direction is formed to be larger than the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction, or the length of the cross-sectional area of the shaft member in the d-axis direction is formed to be longer than the length of the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction. If this is the case, the stator can generate a relaxation torque in the rotor by forming a rotating magnetic field that precedes the rotor in the d-axis direction. Therefore, the output of the rotating machine can be improved.

Further, in the rotary machine according to one aspect of the present disclosure, the stator may form a magnetic field that precedes the rotation direction of the rotor with respect to the q-axis direction, and rotate the magnetic field in the rotation direction to rotate the rotor. good. When the cross-sectional area of the shaft member in the q-axis direction is formed to be larger than the cross-sectional area in the d-axis direction, or the length of the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction is formed to be longer than the length of the cross-sectional area in the d-axis direction. By forming a rotating magnetic field in which the stator precedes the rotor in the q-axis direction, a relaxation torque can be generated in the rotor. Therefore, the output of the rotating machine can be improved.

Further, in the rotary machine according to one aspect of the present disclosure, the magnet portion is arranged inside the bond magnet provided on the outer peripheral side of the shaft member and alternately forming different magnetic poles along the circumferential direction. It may have a sintered magnet to be made. In this case, by providing the sintered magnet in the magnet portion, the magnetic force of the magnet portion can be enhanced. Further, by arranging the low resistance sintered magnet inside the high resistance bonded magnet, it is possible to enhance the magnetic force of the magnet portion while suppressing the eddy current loss.

The rotary machine according to one aspect of the present disclosure is a rotary machine in which a surface magnet type rotor is rotatably arranged inside a stator, and the rotor is a shaft member arranged along a rotation axis and a shaft member. The shaft member is provided on the outer peripheral side of the magnet portion and is provided with a magnet portion that alternately forms different magnetic poles along the circumferential direction. It is formed so that the ease of passage of the magnetic force is maximized in the angular direction of. According to this rotating machine, the shaft member is formed so that the magnetic flux can easily pass through in the angular direction between the d-axis direction and the q-axis direction in the cross section perpendicular to the rotating axis. Reactance torque can be generated. Therefore, although it is a surface magnet type rotary machine, it is possible to improve the output by using the reluctance torque.

Further, in the rotary machine according to one aspect of the present disclosure, the shaft member has a cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis, and the magnetic flux can easily pass through in an angular direction between the d-axis direction of the magnet portion and the q-axis direction of the magnet portion. It may be formed to be maximum. In this case, a large reactance torque can be generated by forming the shaft member so that the ease of passage of the magnetic flux is maximized in the angle direction between the d-axis direction and the q-axis direction. Therefore, although it is a surface magnet type rotary machine, it is possible to improve the output by using the reluctance torque.

Further, in the rotating machine according to one aspect of the present disclosure, the stator may form a magnetic field in the q-axis direction and rotate the magnetic field in the rotation direction to rotate the rotor. In this case, the stator forms a magnetic field in the q-axis direction, so that the magnet torque and the reactance torque can be greatly generated. Therefore, although it is a surface magnet type rotary machine, it is possible to generate a large reluctance torque and improve the output.

According to the invention according to the present disclosure, it is possible to provide a rotary machine capable of improving the output by using the reluctance torque.

It is sectional drawing which shows the outline of the rotary machine which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this disclosure. It is sectional drawing of the rotor of the rotary machine of FIG. It is a perspective view of the rotor of FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the outline of the electric structure of the rotary machine of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the magnetic field applied to the rotor of FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the operation of the rotary machine of FIG. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the current phase angle and the output torque in the rotary machine of FIG. It is a figure which shows the modification of the rotary machine of FIG. It is a figure which shows the modification of the rotary machine of FIG. It is a figure which shows the modification of the rotary machine of FIG. It is a figure which shows the modification of the rotary machine of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the outline of the rotary machine which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this disclosure. It is explanatory drawing of the magnetic field applied to the rotor of the rotating machine of FIG. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the current phase angle and the output torque in the rotary machine of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the outline of the rotary machine which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this disclosure. It is sectional drawing which shows the outline of the rotary machine which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this disclosure. It is sectional drawing which shows the outline of the rotary machine which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this disclosure. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the current phase angle and the output torque in the rotary machine of FIG. It is a figure which shows the modification of the rotary machine of FIG. It is a figure which shows the modification of the rotary machine of FIG. It is a figure which shows the modification of the rotary machine of FIG. It is a figure which shows the modification of the rotary machine of FIG. It is a figure which shows the modification of the rotary machine of FIG. It is a figure which shows the modification of the rotary machine of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the outline of the rotary machine which concerns on 5th Embodiment of this disclosure. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the current phase angle and the output torque in the rotary machine of FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. In the description of the drawings, the same elements are designated by the same reference numerals, and duplicate description will be omitted.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a rotary machine according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor of the rotating machine of FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, the rotary machine 1 according to the first embodiment is configured by rotatably arranging a surface magnet type rotor 3 inside the stator 2. The rotary machine 1 is, for example, an electric motor, and the rotor 3 is rotated by the supply of electric energy to generate mechanical energy. The stator 2 generates a magnetic field that rotates around the rotation axis A, and rotates the rotor 3. The stator 2 is housed in the housing 4 and is fixed to the housing 4 so as not to rotate or move. The rotor 3 is bearing by a bearing or the like provided in the housing 4, and is rotatably attached around the rotation axis A.

The stator 2 is composed of, for example, a core 21 and a coil 22. The core 21 is an iron core that serves as a passage for magnetic flux, and forms a plurality of teeth 21a formed at equal intervals along the outer circumference of the rotor 3. For example, the core 21 has a cylindrical portion 21b on which the rotor 3 can be arranged, and forms a plurality of teeth 21a protruding from the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 21b toward the rotation axis A. The teeth 21a is a portion for winding the coil 22. The tip of the teeth 21a is formed to be wide. For example, three teeth 21a are formed along the circumferential direction.

The core 21 is formed by laminating a plurality of steel plates in the direction of the rotation axis A, for example. By laminating the steel plates to form the core 21, the generation of eddy current can be suppressed and the iron loss can be reduced. The coil 22 is a winding for passing an electric current, and is wound around the teeth 21a to generate a magnetic field with respect to the rotor 3 by the flow of the electric current. For example, the magnetic field is formed along the radial direction of the rotor 3. Further, by passing a current out of phase with respect to the plurality of coils 22, a magnetic field rotating around the rotation axis A can be formed.

The rotor 3 includes a shaft member 31 arranged along the rotation axis A, and a magnet portion 32 provided on the outer peripheral side of the shaft member 31 and alternately forming different magnetic poles along the circumferential direction. The shaft member 31 is a rod-shaped member and functions as a shaft of the rotary machine 1. The shaft member 31 is formed of a magnetic material such as metal. Further, the shaft member 31 is formed by using a material having a higher magnetic permeability than the magnet portion 32 (for example, a ferromagnetic material). For example, when a bonded magnet is used as the magnet portion 32, the magnetic permeability of the shaft member 31 is 100 times or more higher than the magnetic permeability of the magnet portion 32. Therefore, the direction in which the magnetic flux easily passes in the shaft member 31 becomes the direction in which the magnetic flux easily passes in the rotor 3.

The magnet portion 32 is provided so as to cover the outer periphery of the shaft member 31, for example, without interposing another object between the magnet portion 32 and the shaft member 31. However, it does not exclude objects such as an adhesive for adhering the shaft member 31 and the magnet portion 32 between the magnet portion 32 and the shaft member 31. The magnet unit 32 is composed of a plurality of magnetic poles, and for example, a two-pole type magnet portion composed of two magnetic poles is used. That is, the magnet portion 32 includes a magnet 32a having an N pole on the outer peripheral side in the radial direction and a magnet 32b having an S pole on the outer peripheral side in the radial direction. The magnet 32a and the magnet 32b are arranged by dividing the outer circumference of the shaft member 31 in the circumferential direction, and cover the outer circumference of the shaft member 31 by half.

The magnet 32a and the magnet 32b are formed of, for example, a bonded magnet. That is, as the magnet 32a and the magnet 32b, those formed by kneading a fine magnet into resin or rubber are used. Bond magnets are also referred to as rubber magnets or plastic magnets. By forming the magnet 32a and the magnet 32b with a bonded magnet, the magnet 32a and the magnet 32b can be easily formed corresponding to the shape of the shaft member 31. In some cases, magnets other than the bond magnet are used as the magnet 32a and the magnet 32b.

A sleeve 33 is attached to the outer periphery of the magnet portion 32. The sleeve 33 is a cylindrical member made of a non-magnetic material. The sleeve 33 restrains the magnet portion 32 by being attached to the outer periphery of the magnet portion 32. That is, the sleeve 33 prevents the magnet portion 32 from coming off from the shaft member 31 when the rotor 3 rotates.

The shaft member 31 is formed so that the cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis A has a different cross-sectional area in the d-axis direction of the magnet portion 32 and the q-axis direction of the magnet portion 32. In other words, when the cross section of the rotor 3 is circular, the shaft member 31 is formed so that the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the shaft member 31 and the magnet portion 32 differs between the d-axis direction and the q-axis direction. Further, the shaft member 31 is formed so that the length of the cross section differs between the d-axis direction of the magnet portion 32 and the q-axis direction of the magnet portion 32 in the cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis A. The d-axis direction of the magnet portion 32 is the main magnetic flux direction of the magnet portion 32, and is, for example, a direction passing through the center of the circumferential direction of the magnet 32a whose outer peripheral side is the N pole. The q-axis direction of the magnet portion 32 is a direction along the boundary line between the magnet 32a and the magnet 32b. For example, when the magnet portion 32 is a bipolar type, the d-axis direction and the q-axis direction are orthogonal to each other.

The shaft member 31 is formed so that, for example, in a cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis A, the cross-sectional area in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction. Further, the shaft member 31 is formed so that, for example, in a cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis A, the cross section in the d-axis direction is longer than the cross section in the q-axis direction. The shaft member 31 is formed so that the radial cross section is non-circular at least at the axial position where the magnet portion 32 is provided. Will be done. That is, by scraping off both ends of the shaft member 31 in the q-axis direction, the cross-sectional area in the d-axis direction becomes larger than the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction in the cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis A, and the cross-sectional length in the d-axis direction becomes longer. Is longer than the length of the cross section in the q-axis direction. By making the cross section of the shaft member 31 non-circular, it is possible to improve the performance for torque transmission between the magnet portion 32 and the shaft member 31 as compared with the case where the cross section is circular. That is, the relative displacement between the magnet portion 32 and the shaft member 31 can be suppressed, and the magnet portion 32 and the shaft member 31 can be reliably rotated as one.

As shown in FIG. 2, in the cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis A, the cross section in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross-section in the q-axis direction, and the length of the cross-section in the d-axis direction is in the q-axis direction. It is longer than the length of the cross section. For example, when an intermediate line M passing between the d-axis direction and the q-axis direction is set, the cross-sectional area Sd between the d-axis and the intermediate line M in the cross section of the shaft member 31 is between the q-axis and the intermediate line M. It is larger than the cross-sectional area Sq of. Therefore, in the shaft member 31, the magnetic flux easily passes in the d-axis direction as compared with the q-axis direction, and in the rotor 3, the magnetic flux easily passes in the d-axis direction as compared with the q-axis direction. That is, since the shaft member 31 has a sufficiently high magnetic permeability with respect to the magnet portion 32, the magnetic flux easily passes through the d-axis direction in the rotor 3 by facilitating the passage of the magnetic flux in the d-axis direction in the shaft member 31. Further, the ease of passage of magnetic flux (synthetic magnetic permeability) can be expressed by the following equation.

In this equation, the ease of passage of magnetic flux (composite magnetic permeability) is the addition of the magnetic permeability of the material constituting the rotor 3 on a straight line that intersects the rotation axis A and extends in the radial direction. In this equation, the ease of passage of magnetic flux is calculated in cylindrical coordinates with the rotation axis A in the z direction, μ is the magnetic permeability of the material, R is the radius of the rotor 3 in the target cross section, and θ. Is the circumferential angle of the rotor 3. As described above, by making the magnetic flux easily pass through the rotor 3 in the d-axis direction as compared with the q-axis direction, the reluctance torque can be generated when the rotating machine 1 is driven. Further, for example, in the cross section of the shaft member 31, the length Ld in the d-axis direction is longer than the length Lq in the q-axis direction. Therefore, in the shaft member 31, the magnetic flux easily passes in the d-axis direction as compared with the q-axis direction, and in the rotor 3, the magnetic flux easily passes in the d-axis direction as compared with the q-axis direction. As a result, a reluctance torque can be generated when the rotary machine 1 is driven.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the rotor 3. As shown in FIG. 3, the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3 extends along the rotation axis A and is provided so as to project from the magnet portion 32. In the shaft member 31, the extending portion 311 extending from the magnet portion 32 has a circular cross-sectional shape. The extending portion 311 is a portion that is bearing on the housing 4. The portion of the extending portion 311 extending to the outside from the housing 4 is used as an output shaft of the rotary machine 1. The shaft member 31 is formed so that the cross-sectional area of the magnet portion 32 differs between the d-axis direction of the magnet portion 32 and the q-axis direction of the magnet portion 32 at least at the position in the axial direction where the magnet portion 32 is provided. It is formed so that the length of the cross section differs between the d-axis direction and the q-axis direction of the magnet portion 32. In other words, the shaft member 31 does not have to have different cross-sectional areas in the d-axis direction of the magnet portion 32 and the q-axis direction of the magnet portion 32 at the axial position where the magnet portion 32 is not provided. The length of the cross section may not be different between the d-axis direction of the portion 32 and the q-axis direction of the magnet portion 32. Further, the shaft member 31 may include a transition portion whose cross-sectional shape changes along the rotation axis A in a cross section orthogonal to the rotation axis A. The transition portion of the present embodiment is formed so as to be flush with the end surface of the magnet portion 32 in the direction of the rotation axis A.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an outline of the electrical configuration of the rotary machine 1. As shown in FIG. 4, the three coils 22 of the stator 2 are connected by, for example, a Y connection (star-shaped connection). That is, one end of each coil 22 is connected to each other, and the other end is connected to the inverter 91. The coil 22 gives a rotating magnetic field to the rotor 3 by passing a three-phase alternating current. The inverter 91 is a device that converts a DC voltage into an AC voltage, and applies, for example, a three-phase AC voltage to the coil 22. As the inverter 91, for example, a bridge circuit using six power transistors is used. The inverter 91 operates in response to the control signal of the controller 92 to supply a current to the coil 22. The controller 92 outputs a control signal to the inverter 91 in response to an operation command from the outside. The controller 92 is an electronic control device that controls the rotary machine 1, and is composed of, for example, a computer including a CPU, a ROM, and a RAM. The inverter 91 and the controller 92 may be integrally configured with the housing 4 accommodating the stator 2 and the rotor 3, or may be installed outside the housing 4. Further, the inverter 91 may be provided inside the controller 92.

The rotating machine 1 is provided with a sensor 5 for detecting the rotational state of the rotor 3. As the sensor 5, for example, a magnetic sensor such as a Hall element, a rotary encoder, or the like is used. The sensor 5 is connected to the controller 92, and the output signal of the sensor 5 is input to the controller 92. The controller 92 recognizes the rotational state including a part or all of the rotational position and the rotational speed of the rotor 3 and the shaft member 31 based on the output signal of the sensor 5. Although the sensor 5 is used in the present embodiment, the rotation position of the rotor 3 may be detected by sensorless control or the like, and the installation of the sensor 5 may be omitted.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a magnetic field B generated by the stator 2. The direction of the magnetic field B in FIG. 5 shows the typical direction of the magnetic field B generated by the stator 2 (the direction of the center of the magnetic field B or the average direction of the magnetic field B) with one magnetic field line. In the rotary machine 1, for example, the magnetic field B is formed so as to face between the d-axis direction and the q-axis direction of the rotor 3. That is, the stator 2 forms a magnetic field B that precedes the rotation direction DR of the rotor 3 in the d-axis direction, and rotates the magnetic field B in the rotation direction DR to rotate the rotor 3. In FIG. 5, the rotation direction DR is a counterclockwise direction.

In a surface magnet type rotary machine (for example, a surface magnet type motor), it is common to form a magnetic field in the q-axis direction during rotational drive. This is to make the magnet torque work effectively. Since a general surface magnet type rotating machine hardly generates reluctance torque, a magnetic field is formed in the q-axis direction so that the magnet torque can be effectively applied.

On the other hand, in the rotary machine 1 according to the present disclosure, the magnetic field B is formed so as to face between the d-axis direction and the q-axis direction of the rotor 3, and the reluctance torque is increased. At this time, the direction of the magnetic field B may be an intermediate direction between the q-axis direction and the d-axis direction. That is, in the case of the bipolar rotor 3, the magnetic field B may be formed so that the angle θ between the d-axis direction and the direction of the magnetic field B is 45 degrees. By forming the magnetic field B in this way, the retractant torque can be improved. Further, the direction of the magnetic field B may be closer to the q-axis direction than the d-axis direction. That is, in the case of the bipolar rotor 3, the magnetic field B may be formed so that the angle θ between the d-axis direction and the direction of the magnetic field B is larger than 45 degrees and less than 90 degrees. By forming the magnetic field B in this way, the retractant torque can be improved. In the rotary machine 1 according to the present disclosure, the shaft member 31 is flattened in the d-axis direction. Therefore, the magnetic flux passing through the shaft member 31 is generally directed in the d-axis direction. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the magnetic field B from canceling out the magnetic force of the magnet portion 32.

Next, the operation of the rotary machine 1 according to the present disclosure will be described.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the operation of the rotary machine 1, and shows the operation control process of the rotary machine 1. The control process of FIG. 6 is executed by, for example, the controller 92, and the rotary machine 1 is operated by this control process. First, as shown in step S10 (hereinafter, simply referred to as "S10"; the same applies to the steps after S10), the command signal reading process is performed. The process of reading the command signal is a process of reading the command signal input to the controller 92. The command signal is a command signal for the operation of the rotary machine 1, and corresponds to, for example, a signal of the rotation speed of the rotary machine 1. This command signal is input to the controller 92 from, for example, an external device or interface.

The process shifts to S12, and the rotation position detection process is performed. This detection process is a process of detecting the rotation position of the rotor 3. For example, the controller 92 detects the position of the magnetic pole of the rotor 3 based on the output signal of the sensor 5. In this rotation position detection process, the rotation position of the rotor 3 may be detected without using the sensor 5. For example, the controller 92 may detect the rotational position of the rotor 3 by detecting the induced voltage of each coil 22. Next, the process shifts to S14, and the control signal generation process is performed. The control signal generation process is a process of generating a control signal to be output to the inverter 91. The control signal is generated, for example, based on the command signal of S10 and the detection result of S12. Specifically, a control signal is generated so that the magnetic field B precedes the rotation position of the rotor 3. That is, the control signal is generated so that the magnetic field B is formed between the d-axis direction and the q-axis direction of the rotor 3, as shown in FIG. By generating the control signal in this way, the reluctance torque can be improved.

Further, the control signal may be generated so that the magnetic field B is formed in a direction closer to the q-axis direction than the d-axis direction. For example, the control signal may be generated so that when the rotor 3 has two poles, the magnetic field B is formed in a direction in which the angle θ with the d-axis direction is larger than 45 degrees and less than 90 degrees. .. By generating the control signal in this way, the reluctance torque can be improved.

Then, the processing shifts to S16 in FIG. 6, and the signal output processing is performed. The signal output process is a process of outputting the control signal generated in S14. For example, the controller 92 outputs the control signal generated in S14 to the inverter 91. As a result, the inverter 91 generates a drive current according to the control signal and outputs the drive current to the rotary machine 1. A drive current is input to the stator 2 of the rotary machine 1, and a current flows through the coil 22 of the stator 2. Therefore, a magnetic field B preceding the rotation direction DR of the rotor 3 with respect to the d-axis direction is formed, and the rotor 3 and the shaft member 31 rotate. At this time, as shown in FIG. 5, the magnetic field B is formed in the direction between the d-axis direction and the q-axis direction of the rotor 3. By forming the magnetic field B in this way, the reluctance torque can be improved. Further, the magnetic field B may be formed in a direction closer to the q-axis direction than the d-axis direction. By forming the magnetic field B in this way, the reluctance torque can be improved.

Then, the process shifts to S18 in FIG. 6, and it is determined whether or not the operation of the rotary machine 1 is terminated. For example, when the signal to end the operation is not input to the controller 92, it is determined that the operation of the rotary machine 1 is not terminated, and the process returns to S10. Then, the processes of S10 to S16 are continuously executed. On the other hand, for example, when a signal to end the operation is input to the controller 92, it is determined that the operation of the rotary machine 1 is terminated, and the series of control processes of FIG. 6 is terminated.

As described above, according to the rotary machine 1 according to the present embodiment, the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3 is formed so as to have different cross-sectional areas in the d-axis direction and the q-axis direction. Therefore, in the shaft member 31, the ease of passage of the magnetic flux can be made different in the d-axis direction and the q-axis direction, and in the rotor 3, the ease of passage of the magnetic flux can be made different in the d-axis direction and the q-axis direction. .. As a result, the reluctance torque can be generated when the rotary machine 1 is driven. By using this reluctance torque, the output of the rotary machine 1 can be improved.

Further, according to the rotary machine 1 according to the present embodiment, the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3 is formed so that the cross-sectional area Sd in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area Sq in the q-axis direction. Therefore, the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the shaft member 31 as compared with the q-axis direction, and the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the rotor 3 as compared with the q-axis direction. As a result, the reluctance torque can be generated when the rotary machine 1 is driven. By using this reluctance torque, the output of the rotary machine 1 can be improved. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, the output torque T of the rotary machine 1 is the total torque of the magnet torque Tm and the reluctance torque Tr, and by adjusting the current phase angle, the output is higher than the output of only the magnet torque Tm. It turns out to improve. The vertical axis of FIG. 7 is the torque of the output of the rotary machine 1, and the horizontal axis is the current phase angle. The current phase angle is positive in the rotation direction with respect to the d-axis.

Further, according to the rotary machine 1 according to the present embodiment, the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3 is formed so that the length of the cross section differs between the d-axis direction and the q-axis direction. Therefore, in the shaft member 31, the ease of passing the magnetic flux can be different in the d-axis direction and the q-axis direction. As a result, the reluctance torque can be generated when the rotary machine 1 is driven. By using this reluctance torque, the output of the rotating machine can be improved.

Further, according to the rotary machine 1 according to the present embodiment, the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3 is formed so that the length Ld of the cross section in the d-axis direction is longer than the length Lq of the cross section in the q-axis direction. .. Therefore, the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the shaft member 31 as compared with the q-axis direction, and the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the rotor 3 as compared with the q-axis direction. As a result, the reluctance torque can be generated when the rotary machine 1 is driven. By using this reluctance torque, the output of the rotary machine 1 can be improved.

Further, according to the rotary machine 1 according to the present embodiment, the stator 2 forms a magnetic field B that rotates ahead of the rotor 3 in the d-axis direction, so that the magnet torque is utilized while the axial cross-sectional longitudinal direction. By forming a magnetic field B that rotates prior to the rotor 3, a relaxation torque can be generated in the rotor 3. Therefore, the output of the rotary machine 1 can be improved.

As described above, the first embodiment of the present disclosure has been described, but the rotary machine of the present disclosure is not limited to the rotary machine 1 in the first embodiment described above. For example, in the first embodiment described above, the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3 has a cross-sectional shape in which both ends of a circle are scraped off, but other cross-sectional shapes may be used.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8A, the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3 may be formed with a cross section in which recesses 31a recessed inward are formed at both ends of a circle. That is, in the cross section of the shaft member 31, a recess 31a that is recessed inward along the q-axis direction may be formed. Even in this case, the cross-sectional area of the shaft member 31 in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction, and the length of the cross-section in the d-axis direction is longer than the length of the cross-section in the q-axis direction. Therefore, the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the shaft member 31 as compared with the q-axis direction, and the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the rotor 3 as compared with the q-axis direction. As a result, as in the first embodiment described above, the magnetic flux can easily pass along the d-axis direction, and the reluctance torque can be increased.

Further, as shown in FIG. 8B, in the cross section of the shaft member 31, a plurality of recesses 31a recessed inward at both ends of the circle may be formed. For example, in the cross section of the shaft member 31, three recesses 31a that are recessed inward along the q-axis direction may be formed on both sides of the circle. Even in this case, the cross-sectional area of the shaft member 31 in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction. Therefore, the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the shaft member 31 as compared with the q-axis direction, and the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the rotor 3 as compared with the q-axis direction. As a result, as in the first embodiment described above, the magnetic flux can easily pass along the d-axis direction, and the reluctance torque can be increased.

Further, as shown in FIG. 8C, the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3 may be formed in a cross section having convex portions 31b protruding outward at both ends of a circle. That is, in the cross section of the shaft member 31, a convex portion 31b that protrudes outward along the d-axis direction may be formed. Even in this case, the cross-sectional area of the shaft member 31 in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction, and the length of the cross-section in the d-axis direction is longer than the length of the cross-section in the q-axis direction. Therefore, the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the shaft member 31 as compared with the q-axis direction, and the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the rotor 3 as compared with the q-axis direction. As a result, as in the first embodiment described above, the magnetic flux can easily pass along the d-axis direction, and the reluctance torque can be increased.

Further, as shown in FIG. 8D, in the cross section of the shaft member 31, a plurality of convex portions 31b protruding outward at both ends of the circle may be formed. For example, in the cross section of the shaft member 31, three convex portions 31b may be formed on both sides of the circle so as to project outward along the d-axis direction. Even in this case, the cross-sectional area of the shaft member 31 in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction, and the length of the cross-section in the d-axis direction is longer than the length of the cross-section in the q-axis direction. Therefore, the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the shaft member 31 as compared with the q-axis direction, and the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the rotor 3 as compared with the q-axis direction. As a result, as in the first embodiment described above, the magnetic flux can easily pass along the d-axis direction, and the reluctance torque can be increased.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9A, the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3 may be formed with an elliptical cross section. That is, the cross section of the shaft member 31 may be an ellipse with the long axis oriented in the d-axis direction. Even in this case, the cross-sectional area of the shaft member 31 in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction, and the length of the cross-section in the d-axis direction is longer than the length of the cross-section in the q-axis direction. Therefore, the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the shaft member 31 as compared with the q-axis direction, and the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the rotor 3 as compared with the q-axis direction. As a result, as in the first embodiment described above, the magnetic flux can easily pass along the d-axis direction, and the reluctance torque can be increased.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9B, the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3 may be formed with a through hole 31c formed in the q-axis direction. That is, in the cross section of the shaft member 31, a through hole 31c directed in the q-axis direction is formed in the center of the circle. Even in this case, the cross-sectional area of the shaft member 31 in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction, and the length of the cross-section in the d-axis direction is longer than the length of the cross-section in the q-axis direction. Therefore, the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the shaft member 31 as compared with the q-axis direction, and the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the rotor 3 as compared with the q-axis direction. As a result, as in the first embodiment described above, the magnetic flux can easily pass along the d-axis direction, and the reluctance torque can be increased. Further, by providing such a shaft member 31, the magnetic force of the magnet portion 32 can be increased, and the magnet torque can be increased.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9 (c), the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3 may be formed with a rectangular cross section. For example, the cross section of the shaft member 31 may be a rectangle with the long side oriented in the d-axis direction. Even in this case, the cross-sectional area of the shaft member 31 in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction, and the length of the cross-section in the d-axis direction is longer than the length of the cross-section in the q-axis direction. Therefore, the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the shaft member 31 as compared with the q-axis direction, and the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the rotor 3 as compared with the q-axis direction. As a result, as in the first embodiment described above, the magnetic flux can easily pass along the d-axis direction, and the reluctance torque can be increased.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9D, the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3 may be composed of a plurality of shafts 31d. For example, the cross section of the shaft member 31 has a plurality of axes so that the cross section in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross section in the q-axis direction and the length of the cross section in the d-axis direction is longer than the length of the cross section in the q-axis direction. 31d is arranged. Specifically, the six axes 31d are arranged three along the d-axis direction and two along the q-axis direction. Even in this case, the cross-sectional area of the shaft member 31 in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction, and the length of the cross-section in the d-axis direction is longer than the length of the cross-section in the q-axis direction. Therefore, the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the shaft member 31 as compared with the q-axis direction, and the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the rotor 3 as compared with the q-axis direction. As a result, as in the first embodiment described above, the magnetic flux can easily pass along the d-axis direction, and the reluctance torque can be increased. The cross section of the shaft 31d may have a shape other than a circular shape. Further, the number of axes 31d may be a number other than six.

Further, as shown in FIG. 10A, the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3 may be configured by providing a magnetic member 31e on the outside of a circular shape. For example, as for the shaft member 31, the magnetic members 31e may be formed one by one on the outer side of the circle separated in the d-axis direction. A plurality of magnetic members 31e may be formed on both sides of a circular cross section. Even in this case, the cross-sectional area of the shaft member 31 in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction, and the length of the cross-section in the d-axis direction is longer than the length of the cross-section in the q-axis direction. Therefore, the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the shaft member 31 as compared with the q-axis direction, and the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the rotor 3 as compared with the q-axis direction. As a result, as in the first embodiment described above, the magnetic flux can easily pass along the d-axis direction, and the reluctance torque can be increased. The cross section of the magnetic member 31e may have a shape other than a rectangle.

Further, as shown in FIG. 10B, the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3 has a cross section in which both ends of a circle are scraped off, and even if the non-magnetic material 31f is attached to the scraped-off portion. good. That is, the shaft member 31 is configured by attaching a non-magnetic material 31f to both ends in the q-axis direction. Even in this case, the cross-sectional area of the shaft member 31 in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction, and the length of the cross-section in the d-axis direction is longer than the length of the cross-section in the q-axis direction. Therefore, the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the shaft member 31 as compared with the q-axis direction, and the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the rotor 3 as compared with the q-axis direction. As a result, as in the first embodiment described above, the magnetic flux can easily pass along the d-axis direction, and the reluctance torque can be increased. Further, by attaching the non-magnetic material 31f to the shaft member 31, the shaft member 31 can be reinforced and the strength of the shaft member 31 can be increased.

Further, as shown in FIG. 10 (c), the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3 may be formed of a plurality of rectangular cross sections. That is, the cross section of the shaft member 31 may be composed of two rectangles whose long sides are oriented in the d-axis direction. Even in this case, the cross-sectional area of the shaft member 31 in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction, and the length of the cross-section in the d-axis direction is longer than the length of the cross-section in the q-axis direction. Therefore, the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the shaft member 31 as compared with the q-axis direction, and the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the rotor 3 as compared with the q-axis direction. As a result, as in the first embodiment described above, the magnetic flux can easily pass along the d-axis direction, and the reluctance torque can be increased.

Further, in the first embodiment described above, the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3 is formed so that the longitudinal direction of the cross section is directed to the d-axis direction, but it may not be configured in this way. For example, as shown in FIG. 11, the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3 may be formed so that the longitudinal direction of the cross section deviates from the d-axis direction. Even in this case, the shaft member 31 is formed so that the cross-sectional area in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction or the length of the cross-sectional area in the d-axis direction is longer than the length of the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction. By doing so, the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the shaft member 31 as compared with the q-axis direction, and the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the rotor 3 as compared with the q-axis direction. .. As a result, as in the first embodiment described above, the magnetic flux can easily pass along the d-axis direction, and the reluctance torque can be increased. Further, with respect to the shaft member 31 shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, the longitudinal direction of the cross section may be deviated from the d-axis direction.

Next, the rotary machine according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure will be described.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor 3a of the rotary machine 1a according to the second embodiment. The rotary machine 1a according to the second embodiment is configured in substantially the same manner as the rotary machine 1 according to the first embodiment, and only the structure of the rotor 3a is different. That is, the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3 of the rotary machine 1 according to the first embodiment described above is formed so that the cross-sectional area Sd in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area Sq in the q-axis direction and has a cross section in the d-axis direction. The length Ld of the rotor 3a is formed to be longer than the length Lq of the cross section in the q-axis direction, but the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3a of the rotary machine 1a according to the second embodiment has a cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction. The first embodiment is carried out in that Sq is formed so as to be larger than the cross-sectional area Sd in the d-axis direction, and the length Lq of the cross section in the q-axis direction is formed to be longer than the length Ld of the cross section in the d-axis direction. It is different from the rotor 3 of the rotary machine 1 according to the embodiment.

The shaft member 31 is formed so that the cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis A is non-circular. For example, in the cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis A, both ends in the circular d-axis direction are cut off along the q-axis. It is said that. That is, by scraping off both ends of the shaft member 31 in the d-axis direction, the cross-sectional area Sq in the q-axis direction becomes larger than the cross-sectional area Sd in the d-axis direction, and the length Lq of the cross-section in the q-axis direction is in the d-axis direction. The length of the cross section of is longer than Ld.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a magnetic field B generated by the stator 2. The direction of the magnetic field B in FIG. 13 indicates the typical direction of the magnetic field B generated by the stator 2 (the direction of the center of the magnetic field B or the average direction of the magnetic field B) with one magnetic field line. In the rotary machine 1a, for example, the magnetic field B is formed in the direction preceding the q-axis direction of the rotor 3a. That is, the stator 2 forms a magnetic field B that precedes the rotation direction DR of the rotor 3a in the q-axis direction, and rotates the magnetic field B in the rotation direction DR to rotate the rotor 3a. In FIG. 13, the rotation direction DR is a counterclockwise direction.

In a surface magnet type rotary machine (for example, a surface magnet type motor), it is common to form a magnetic field in the q-axis direction during rotational drive. This is to make the magnet torque work effectively. Since a general surface magnet type rotating machine hardly generates reluctance torque, a magnetic field is formed in the q-axis direction so that the magnet torque can be effectively applied.

On the other hand, in the rotary machine 1a according to the present disclosure, the magnetic field B is formed in a direction preceding the q-axis direction, which is the longitudinal direction of the axial cross section of the rotor 3a, to increase the reluctance torque. At this time, the magnetic field B is formed so that the direction of the magnetic field B is, for example, an angle θ between the d-axis direction and the direction of the magnetic field B is larger than 90 degrees and less than 135 degrees. That is, by forming the magnetic field B in this way, the retractant torque can be improved.

FIG. 14 is a graph showing the output torque of the rotary machine 1a. The vertical axis of FIG. 14 is the torque of the output of the rotary machine 1a, and the horizontal axis is the current phase angle. The current phase angle is positive in the rotation direction with respect to the d-axis. As shown in FIG. 14, the output torque T of the rotary machine 1a is the combined torque of the magnet torque Tm and the reluctance torque Tr. Therefore, by adjusting the current phase angle, it is possible to improve the output torque T as compared with the output of only the magnet torque Tm.

As described above, according to the rotary machine 1a according to the present embodiment, the same action and effect as the rotary machine 1 according to the first embodiment can be obtained. That is, in the shaft member 31, the ease of passage of the magnetic flux can be made different in the d-axis direction and the q-axis direction, and in the rotor 3a, the ease of passage of the magnetic flux can be made different in the d-axis direction and the q-axis direction. As a result, the output of the rotary machine 1 can be improved by using the reluctance torque when the rotary machine 1 is driven.

Further, according to the rotary machine 1a according to the present embodiment, the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3a is formed so that the cross-sectional area Sq in the q-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area Sd in the d-axis direction. Therefore, the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the q-axis direction in the shaft member 31 as compared with the d-axis direction, and the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the q-axis direction in the rotor 3a as compared with the d-axis direction. As a result, the output of the rotary machine 1a can be improved by using the reluctance torque when the rotary machine 1a is driven.

Further, according to the rotary machine 1a according to the present embodiment, the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3a is formed so that the length Lq of the cross section in the q-axis direction is longer than the length Ld of the cross section in the d-axis direction. .. Therefore, the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the q-axis direction in the shaft member 31 as compared with the d-axis direction, and the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the q-axis direction in the rotor 3a as compared with the d-axis direction. As a result, the output of the rotary machine 1 can be improved by using the reluctance torque when the rotary machine 1 is driven.

Further, according to the rotary machine 1a according to the present embodiment, the stator 2 rotates ahead of the rotor 3a in the longitudinal direction of the shaft cross section by forming a magnetic field B that rotates ahead of the rotor 3a in the q-axis direction. A magnetic field B is formed, and a relaxation torque can be generated in the rotor 3a. Therefore, the output of the rotary machine 1a can be improved.

As described above, the rotary machine 1a of the second embodiment has been described, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned one. For example, in the second embodiment described above, the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3 has a cross-sectional shape in which both ends of the circle are scraped off, but other cross-sectional shapes may be used. For example, the shape may be similar to that of the shaft member 31 shown in FIGS. 8 to 11. In this case, the rotor 3a is configured so that the cross-sectional area Sq in the q-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area Sd in the d-axis direction, or the length Lq of the cross-section in the q-axis direction is the length Ld of the cross-section in the d-axis direction. By configuring it to be longer, it is possible to obtain the same effect as that of the rotary machine 1a described above.

Next, the rotary machine according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure will be described.

15 and 16 are cross-sectional views of the rotor of the rotating machine according to the third embodiment. The rotary machine 1b and the rotary machine 1c according to the third embodiment are configured in substantially the same manner as the rotary machine 1 according to the first embodiment, and the structures of the rotor 3b and the rotor 3c are different. That is, the rotary machine 1 according to the first embodiment described above includes the two-pole rotor 3, but the rotary machine 1b and 1c according to the present embodiment include the four-pole rotors 3b and 3c.

As shown in FIG. 15, the rotary machine 1b includes a rotor 3b in which four different magnetic poles are alternately provided in the circumferential direction. The magnet portion 32 of the rotor 3b has magnets 32a, 32b, 32c and 32d which are divided in the circumferential direction and sequentially arranged. The magnets 32a and 32c have an N-pole magnetic pole on the outside, and the magnets 32b and 32d have an S-pole magnetic pole on the outside. Further, the rotor 3b has a shaft member 31 having a cross-shaped cross section, and the shaft member 31 is formed so that the cross-sectional area Sd in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area Sq in the q-axis direction. When driving the rotary machine 1b, the magnetic field B may be formed so as to precede the d-axis direction. As a result, the reluctance torque can be increased in addition to the magnet torque.

As shown in FIG. 16, the rotary machine 1c includes a rotor 3c in which four different magnetic poles are alternately provided in the circumferential direction. The magnet portion 32 of the rotor 3c has magnets 32a, 32b, 32c and 32d which are divided in the circumferential direction and sequentially arranged. The magnets 32a and 32c have an N-pole magnetic pole on the outside, and the magnets 32b and 32d have an S-pole magnetic pole on the outside. Further, the rotor 3c has a shaft member 31 having a cross-shaped cross section, and the shaft member 31 is formed so that the cross-sectional area Sq in the q-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area Sd in the d-axis direction. When driving the rotary machine 1c, the magnetic field B may be formed so as to precede the q-axis direction. As a result, the reluctance torque can be increased in addition to the magnet torque.

According to the rotary machines 1b and 1c according to the present embodiment, the same action and effect as those of the rotary machine 1 according to the first embodiment can be obtained. That is, in the shaft member 31, the ease of passing the magnetic flux can be different in the d-axis direction and the q-axis direction. As a result, the output of the rotary machines 1b and 1c can be improved by using the reluctance torque when the rotary machine 1 is driven.

As described above, the rotary machines 1b and 1c of the third embodiment have been described, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned ones. For example, in the third embodiment described above, the shaft member 31 of the rotors 3b and 3c has a cross-sectional shape, but other cross-sectional shapes may be used. For example, the aspect of the shaft member 31 shown in FIGS. 8 to 11 may be applied. In this case, the rotor is configured so that the cross-sectional area Sd in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area Sq in the q-axis direction, or the cross-sectional area Sq in the q-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area Sd in the d-axis direction. By doing so, it is possible to obtain the same action and effect as those of the rotary machines 1b and 1c described above. In particular, the reluctance torque can be improved by using the rotors 3b and 3c that are rotationally symmetric four times around the axis of the rotation axis A and forming a magnetic field that is rotationally symmetric twice by the stator 2. Further, the rotors 3b and 3c may have six, eight, or more different magnetic poles in the circumferential direction. In this case, as the shaft member 31, a member having a cross-sectional shape of six-fold rotational symmetry, eight-fold rotational symmetry, and rotational symmetry corresponding to the number of magnetic poles may be used.

Next, the rotary machine according to the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure will be described.

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor 3d of the rotary machine 1d according to the fourth embodiment. The rotary machine 1d according to the fourth embodiment is configured in substantially the same manner as the rotary machine 1 according to the first embodiment, and only the structure of the magnet portion 32 is different. That is, the magnet portion 32 of the rotating machine 1 according to the first embodiment described above includes magnets 32a and 32b composed of bond magnets, whereas the magnet portion 32 of the rotating machine 1d according to the fourth embodiment is bonded. In addition to the magnets 32a and 32b made of magnets, a second magnet 321 made of sintered magnets is provided.

The second magnet 321 is a sintered magnet for strengthening the magnetic force of the magnet portion 32, and is embedded and arranged inside the magnets 32a and 32b. For example, the second magnet 321 is attached to the shaft member 31 and is provided in contact with the shaft member 31. Specifically, the second magnet 321 is attached to each end of the shaft member 31 in the d-axis direction. The second magnet 321 in contact with the magnet 32a having the N pole on the outside is provided so as to have the N pole on the outside. On the other hand, the second magnet 321 in contact with the magnet 32b having the S pole on the outside is provided so as to have the S pole on the outside. By providing the second magnet 321 on the rotor 3d, the magnet of the magnet portion 32 can be increased, and the magnet torque can be improved when the rotating machine 1 is driven. Since the second magnet 321 is composed of a sintered magnet, it is a magnet having a lower resistance electrically than the magnets 32a and 32b which are bond magnets. That is, it is easy to suppress the generation of eddy current with the high resistance magnets 32a and 32b, and it is difficult to suppress the generation of eddy current with the low resistance second magnet 321.

As shown in FIG. 18, the output torque T of the rotary machine 1d is the combined torque of the bond magnet torque Tmb, the sintered magnet torque Tms, and the reluctance torque Tr. Since the sintered magnet torque Tms is added, the output torque T is improved. The bond magnet torque Tmb is the magnet torque due to the magnets 32a and 32b, and the sintered magnet torque Tms is the magnet torque due to the second magnet 321. The vertical axis of FIG. 18 is the torque of the output of the rotary machine 1d, and the horizontal axis is the current phase angle. At the time of driving the rotary machine 1d, the magnetic field B leading in the d-axis direction may be formed as in the rotary machine 1 according to the first embodiment.

According to the rotary machine 1d according to the present embodiment, the same action and effect as the rotary machine 1 according to the first embodiment can be obtained. That is, in the shaft member 31, the ease of passing the magnetic flux can be different in the d-axis direction and the q-axis direction. As a result, the output of the rotary machine 1 can be improved by using the reluctance torque when the rotary machine 1 is driven. Further, according to the rotary machine 1d according to the present embodiment, the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3a is formed so that the cross-sectional area Sq in the q-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area Sd in the d-axis direction. Therefore, the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the shaft member 31 as compared with the q-axis direction, and the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the rotor 3d as compared with the q-axis direction. As a result, the output of the rotary machine 1d can be improved by using the reluctance torque when the rotary machine 1d is driven. Further, according to the rotary machine 1d according to the present embodiment, the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3a is formed so that the length Lq of the cross section in the q-axis direction is longer than the length Ld of the cross section in the d-axis direction. .. Therefore, the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the shaft member 31 as compared with the q-axis direction, and the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the rotor 3d as compared with the q-axis direction. As a result, the output of the rotary machine 1d can be improved by using the reluctance torque when the rotary machine 1d is driven.

Further, according to the rotary machine 1d according to the present embodiment, the magnetic force of the magnet portion 32 can be enhanced by providing the second magnet 321 in the magnet portion 32. Further, a low resistance second magnet 321 is arranged inside the high resistance magnets 32a and 32b in the radial direction. Therefore, since the magnets 32a and 32b having high resistance are located near the outer periphery of the rotor 3d, the eddy current loss can be suppressed. Further, by arranging the low resistance second magnet 321 inside the rotor 3d in the radial direction, the second magnet 321 is not exposed to a large magnetic flux change, and the magnet portion 32 suppresses the occurrence of eddy current loss. The magnetic flux can be increased.

As described above, the rotary machine 1d of the fourth embodiment has been described, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned one. For example, the embodiment of the shaft member 31 shown in FIGS. 8 to 11 may be applied.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 19A, the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3 may be formed in a cross section having recesses 31a recessed inward at both ends of a circle. That is, in the cross section of the shaft member 31, a recess 31a that is recessed inward along the q-axis direction may be formed. Even in this case, the cross-sectional area of the shaft member 31 in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction, and the length of the cross-section in the d-axis direction is longer than the length of the cross-section in the q-axis direction. Therefore, the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the shaft member 31 as compared with the q-axis direction, and the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the rotor 3d as compared with the q-axis direction. As a result, as in the fourth embodiment described above, the magnetic flux can easily pass along the d-axis direction, and the reluctance torque can be increased. Further, the magnet torque is increased by installing the second magnet 321 and the output torque can be improved.

Further, as shown in FIG. 19B, a plurality of recesses 31a recessed inward at both ends of the circle may be formed in the cross section of the shaft member 31. For example, in the cross section of the shaft member 31, three recesses 31a that are recessed inward along the q-axis direction may be formed on both sides of the circle. Even in this case, the cross-sectional area of the shaft member 31 in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction, and the length of the cross-section in the d-axis direction is longer than the length of the cross-section in the q-axis direction. Therefore, the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the shaft member 31 as compared with the q-axis direction, and the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the rotor 3d as compared with the q-axis direction. As a result, as in the fourth embodiment described above, the magnetic flux can easily pass along the d-axis direction, and the reluctance torque can be increased. Further, the magnet torque is increased by installing the second magnet 321 and the output torque can be improved.

Further, as shown in FIG. 19 (c), the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3 may be provided with a second magnet 321 so as to project outward at both ends of the circle. That is, in the cross section of the shaft member 31, the second magnet 321 may be formed so as to project outward along the d-axis direction. Even in this case, the cross-sectional area of the shaft member 31 in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction, and the length of the cross-section in the d-axis direction is longer than the length of the cross-section in the q-axis direction. Therefore, the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the shaft member 31 as compared with the q-axis direction, and the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the rotor 3d as compared with the q-axis direction. As a result, as in the fourth embodiment described above, the magnetic flux can easily pass along the d-axis direction, and the reluctance torque can be increased. Further, the magnet torque is increased by installing the second magnet 321 and the output torque can be improved.

Further, as shown in FIG. 19D, a plurality of second magnets 321 protruding outward at both ends of the circle may be formed in the cross section of the shaft member 31. For example, in the cross section of the shaft member 31, three second magnets 321 projecting outward along the d-axis direction may be formed on both sides of the circle. Even in this case, the cross-sectional area of the shaft member 31 in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction, and the length of the cross-section in the d-axis direction is longer than the length of the cross-section in the q-axis direction. Therefore, the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the shaft member 31 as compared with the q-axis direction, and the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the rotor 3d as compared with the q-axis direction. As a result, as in the first embodiment described above, the magnetic flux can easily pass along the d-axis direction, and the reluctance torque can be increased. Further, the magnet torque is increased by installing the second magnet 321 and the output torque can be improved.

Further, as shown in FIG. 20A, the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3 may be formed with an elliptical cross section. That is, the cross section of the shaft member 31 may be an ellipse with the long axis oriented in the d-axis direction. Even in this case, the cross-sectional area of the shaft member 31 in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction, and the length of the cross-section in the d-axis direction is longer than the length of the cross-section in the q-axis direction. Therefore, the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the shaft member 31 as compared with the q-axis direction, and the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the rotor 3d as compared with the q-axis direction. As a result, as in the first embodiment described above, the magnetic flux can easily pass along the d-axis direction, and the reluctance torque can be increased. Further, the magnet torque is increased by installing the second magnet 321 and the output torque can be improved.

Further, as shown in FIG. 20 (b), the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3 may be formed with a through hole 31c formed in the q-axis direction. That is, in the cross section of the shaft member 31, a through hole 31c directed in the q-axis direction is formed in the center of the circle. Even in this case, the cross-sectional area of the shaft member 31 in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction, and the length of the cross-section in the d-axis direction is longer than the length of the cross-section in the q-axis direction. Therefore, the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the shaft member 31 as compared with the q-axis direction, and the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the rotor 3d as compared with the q-axis direction. As a result, as in the first embodiment described above, the magnetic flux can easily pass along the d-axis direction, and the reluctance torque can be increased. Further, the magnet torque is increased by installing the second magnet 321 and the output torque can be improved.

Further, as shown in FIG. 20 (c), the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3 may be formed with a rectangular cross section. For example, the cross section of the shaft member 31 may be a rectangle with the long side oriented in the d-axis direction. Even in this case, the cross-sectional area of the shaft member 31 in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction, and the length of the cross-section in the d-axis direction is longer than the length of the cross-section in the q-axis direction. Therefore, the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the shaft member 31 as compared with the q-axis direction, and the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the rotor 3d as compared with the q-axis direction. As a result, as in the first embodiment described above, the magnetic flux can easily pass along the d-axis direction, and the reluctance torque can be increased. Further, the output torque can be improved by increasing the magnet torque.

Further, as shown in FIG. 20 (d), the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3 may be composed of a plurality of shafts 31d. For example, the cross section of the shaft member 31 has a plurality of axes so that the cross section in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross section in the q-axis direction and the length of the cross section in the d-axis direction is longer than the length of the cross section in the q-axis direction. 31d is arranged. Specifically, the six axes 31d are arranged three along the d-axis direction and two along the q-axis direction. Even in this case, the cross-sectional area of the shaft member 31 in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction, and the length of the cross-section in the d-axis direction is longer than the length of the cross-section in the q-axis direction. Therefore, the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the shaft member 31 as compared with the q-axis direction, and the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the rotor 3d as compared with the q-axis direction. As a result, as in the first embodiment described above, the magnetic flux can easily pass along the d-axis direction, and the reluctance torque can be increased. Further, the output torque can be improved by increasing the magnet torque. The cross section of the shaft 31d may have a shape other than a circular shape.

Further, as shown in FIG. 21 (a), the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3 may be configured by providing a magnetic member 31e on the outside of a circular shape. For example, as for the shaft member 31, the magnetic members 31e may be formed one by one on the outer side of the circle separated in the d-axis direction. A plurality of magnetic members 31e may be formed on both sides of a circular cross section. The second magnet 321 is formed in an annular shape between the central circular portion of the shaft member 31 and the magnetic member 31e. Even in this case, the cross-sectional area of the shaft member 31 in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction, and the length of the cross-section in the d-axis direction is longer than the length of the cross-section in the q-axis direction. Therefore, the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the shaft member 31 as compared with the q-axis direction, and the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the rotor 3d as compared with the q-axis direction. As a result, as in the first embodiment described above, the magnetic flux can easily pass along the d-axis direction, and the reluctance torque can be increased. Further, the output torque can be improved by increasing the magnet torque. The cross section of the magnetic member 31e may have a shape other than a rectangle.

Further, as shown in FIG. 21B, the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3 has a cross-sectional shape in which both ends of the circle are scraped off, and the non-magnetic material 31f is provided in the scraped-off portion. May be good. That is, the shaft member 31 is configured by attaching a non-magnetic material 31f to both ends in the q-axis direction. Even in this case, the cross-sectional area of the shaft member 31 in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction, and the length of the cross-section in the d-axis direction is longer than the length of the cross-section in the q-axis direction. Therefore, the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the shaft member 31 as compared with the q-axis direction, and the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the rotor 3d as compared with the q-axis direction. As a result, as in the first embodiment described above, the magnetic flux can easily pass along the d-axis direction, and the reluctance torque can be increased. Further, the output torque can be improved by increasing the magnet torque. Further, by providing the non-magnetic material 31f on the shaft member 31, the shaft member 31 can be reinforced and the strength of the shaft member 31 can be increased.

Further, as shown in FIG. 21 (c), the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3 may be formed of a plurality of rectangular cross sections. That is, the cross section of the shaft member 31 may be composed of two rectangles whose long sides are oriented in the d-axis direction. Even in this case, the cross-sectional area of the shaft member 31 in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction, and the length of the cross-section in the d-axis direction is longer than the length of the cross-section in the q-axis direction. Therefore, the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the shaft member 31 as compared with the q-axis direction, and the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the rotor 3d as compared with the q-axis direction. As a result, as in the first embodiment described above, the magnetic flux can easily pass along the d-axis direction, and the reluctance torque can be increased. Further, the output torque can be improved by increasing the magnet torque.

Further, in the fourth embodiment described above, the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3d is formed so that the longitudinal direction of the cross section is directed to the d-axis direction, but it does not have to be configured in this way. For example, as shown in FIG. 22, the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3 may be formed so that the longitudinal direction of the cross section deviates from the d-axis direction. Even in this case, the shaft member 31 is formed so that the cross-sectional area in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction or the length of the cross-sectional area in the d-axis direction is longer than the length of the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction. By doing so, the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the shaft member 31 as compared with the q-axis direction, and the magnetic flux can be easily passed in the d-axis direction in the rotor 3d as compared with the q-axis direction. .. As a result, as in the first embodiment described above, the magnetic flux can easily pass along the d-axis direction, and the reluctance torque can be increased. Further, the output torque can be improved by increasing the magnet torque. Further, with respect to the shaft member 31 shown in FIGS. 19 to 21, the longitudinal direction of the cross section may be formed in a direction deviated from the d-axis direction.

Further, in the fourth embodiment described above, as shown in FIG. 17, the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3d of the rotary machine 1d is formed so that the cross-sectional area Sd in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area Sq in the q-axis direction. The length Ld of the cross section in the d-axis direction is formed to be longer than the length Lq of the cross section in the q-axis direction. It may be formed so as to be larger than the area Sd so that the length Lq of the cross section in the q-axis direction is longer than the length Ld of the cross section in the d-axis direction. For example, as shown in FIG. 23, the shaft member 31 is formed so that the cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis A is non-circular, and both ends in the d-axis direction with respect to the circular cross section are scraped off along the q-axis. It is said to have a different shape. That is, by scraping off both ends of the shaft member 31 in the d-axis direction, the cross-sectional area Sq in the q-axis direction becomes larger than the cross-sectional area Sd in the d-axis direction, and the length Lq of the cross-section in the q-axis direction is in the d-axis direction. The length of the cross section of is longer than Ld. The magnet portion 32 is provided with a second magnet 321 made of a sintered magnet in addition to the magnets 32a and 32b made of a bonded magnet. The second magnet 321 is a sintered magnet for strengthening the magnetic force of the magnet portion 32, and is embedded and arranged inside the magnets 32a and 32b. For example, the second magnet 321 is attached to the shaft member 31 and is provided in contact with the shaft member 31. Specifically, the second magnet 321 is attached to each end of the shaft member 31 in the d-axis direction. The second magnet 321 in contact with the magnet 32a having the N pole on the outside is provided so as to have the N pole on the outside. On the other hand, the second magnet 321 in contact with the magnet 32b having the S pole on the outside is provided so as to have the S pole on the outside. By providing the second magnet 321 on the rotor 3d, the magnet of the magnet portion 32 can be increased, and the magnet torque can be improved when the rotating machine 1d is driven. Since the second magnet 321 is composed of a sintered magnet, it is a magnet having a lower resistance electrically than the magnets 32a and 32b which are bond magnets. That is, it is easy to suppress the generation of eddy current with the high resistance magnets 32a and 32b, and it is difficult to suppress the generation of eddy current with the low resistance second magnet 321.

As shown in FIG. 24, the output torque T of the rotary machine 1d of FIG. 23 is the combined torque of the bond magnet torque Tmb, the sintered magnet torque Tms, and the reluctance torque Tr. Since the sintered magnet torque Tms is added, the output torque T is improved. The bond magnet torque Tmb is the magnet torque due to the magnets 32a and 32b, and the sintered magnet torque Tms is the magnet torque due to the second magnet 321. The vertical axis of FIG. 24 is the torque of the output of the rotary machine 1d, and the horizontal axis is the current phase angle. When driving the rotary machine 1d, a magnetic field B leading in the q-axis direction may be formed as in the rotary machine 1a according to the second embodiment.

According to such a rotary machine 1d, the same action and effect as that of the rotary machine 1d according to the fourth embodiment described above can be obtained. That is, the output of the rotary machine 1d can be improved by using the reluctance torque when the rotary machine 1d is driven. Further, by providing the second magnet 321 in the magnet portion 32, the magnetic force of the magnet portion 32 can be enhanced. Further, by arranging the low resistance second magnet 321 inside the high resistance magnets 32a and 32b in the radial direction, the eddy current loss can be suppressed. Further, by arranging the low resistance second magnet 321 inside the rotor 3d in the radial direction, the second magnet 321 is not exposed to a large magnetic flux change, and the magnet portion 32 suppresses the occurrence of eddy current loss. The magnetic flux can be increased.

Further, also for the shaft member 31 shown in FIGS. 19 to 21, the cross-sectional area Sq in the q-axis direction is formed to be larger than the cross-sectional area Sd in the d-axis direction, and the length Lq of the cross-section in the q-axis direction is d. It may be formed so as to be longer than the length Ld of the cross section in the axial direction. Even in these cases, the ease of passing the magnetic flux in the shaft member 31 can be made different in the d-axis direction and the q-axis direction. As a result, the output of the rotary machine 1d can be improved by using the reluctance torque when the rotary machine 1d is driven.

Further, in the fourth embodiment described above, as shown in FIG. 17, a two-pole rotor 3d is provided, but a four-pole rotor may be provided. For example, the rotary machine 1d may include a rotor 3d in which four different magnetic poles are alternately provided in the circumferential direction. That is, the magnet portion 32 of the rotor 3d may have four magnets that are divided and arranged in the circumferential direction, and the rotor 3b may have a shaft member 31 having a cross-shaped cross section. Even in this case, as in the fourth embodiment described above, the reluctance torque is increased by forming the shaft member 31 so that the cross-sectional area Sd in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area Sq in the q-axis direction. Can be enhanced. Further, the rotor 3d may be provided with six, eight, or more different magnetic poles in the circumferential direction. In this case, as the shaft member 31, a member having a cross-sectional shape of six-fold rotational symmetry, eight-fold rotational symmetry, and rotational symmetry corresponding to the number of magnetic poles may be used.

Next, the rotary machine according to the fifth embodiment of the present disclosure will be described.

FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor 3e of the rotary machine 1e according to the fifth embodiment. The rotary machine 1e according to the fifth embodiment is configured in substantially the same manner as the rotary machine 1 according to the first embodiment, and the structure of the rotor 3e is different. That is, the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3 of the rotary machine 1 according to the first embodiment described above is formed so that the cross-sectional area Sd in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area Sq in the q-axis direction and has a cross section in the d-axis direction. Although the length Ld of the above is formed to be longer than the length Lq of the cross section in the q-axis direction, the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3e of the rotary machine 1e according to the fifth embodiment is perpendicular to the rotation axis A. It differs from the rotor 3 of the rotary machine 1 according to the first embodiment in that the cross section is formed so that the easy passage of magnetic flux is maximized in the angular direction between the d-axis direction and the q-axis direction. .. For example, the rotary machine 1e according to the present embodiment can use the stator 2 shown in FIG. 1 and is driven by the electrical configuration shown in FIG. 4 and the operation control shown in FIG.

The shaft member 31 is formed so that the cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis A is non-circular, and is formed so as to be long in the angular direction between the d-axis direction and the q-axis direction. For example, the shaft member 31 is formed so as to be elongated in the angular direction between the d-axis direction and the q-axis direction by cutting off both ends of the circle in a straight line in a cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis A. The cross-sectional shape of the shaft member 31 may be formed so as to be long in an angular direction intermediate between the d-axis direction and the q-axis direction. That is, when the angle formed by the d-axis and the q-axis is 90 degrees, the angle formed by the longitudinal direction L of the shaft member 31 and the d-axis may be 45 degrees. As described above, the axial member 31 becomes longer in the angular direction between the d-axis direction and the q-axis direction, so that the ease of passing the magnetic flux in the angular direction between the d-axis direction and the q-axis direction is maximized. Further, since the shaft member 31 becomes longer in the angle direction between the d-axis direction and the q-axis direction, the ease of passing the magnetic flux in the angle direction between the d-axis direction and the q-axis direction is maximized.

As shown in FIG. 25, in the rotary machine 1e, for example, the magnetic field B is formed in the q-axis direction of the magnet portion 32. That is, the stator 2 forms the magnetic field B in the q-axis direction, and rotates the magnetic field B in the rotation direction DR to rotate the rotor 3e. In FIG. 25, the rotation direction DR is a direction for rotating the rotor 3e, and here, it is a counterclockwise direction. In the rotary machine 1e, the magnetic field B is formed in the q-axis direction, so that the reluctance torque can be generated in addition to the magnet torque, and the output torque can be improved.

FIG. 26 is a graph showing the output torque of the rotary machine 1e. The vertical axis of FIG. 26 is the torque of the output of the rotary machine 1e, and the horizontal axis is the current phase angle. As shown in FIG. 26, the output torque T of the rotary machine 1e is the combined torque of the magnet torque Tm and the reluctance torque Tr. Therefore, by adjusting the current phase angle, it is possible to improve the output torque T as compared with the output of only the magnet torque Tm. It can be seen that when the current phase angle is 90 degrees, that is, when the magnetic field B is formed in the q-axis direction of 90 degrees from the d-axis, the output torque of the rotating machine 1e becomes maximum.

As described above, according to the rotary machine 1e according to the present embodiment, it is easy for the shaft member 31 to pass the magnetic flux in the angular direction between the d-axis direction and the q-axis direction in the cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis A. It is formed to be the maximum. Therefore, the reactance torque can be generated. Further, the shaft member 31 may be formed so that the ease of passage of the magnetic flux is maximized in the angle direction between the d-axis direction and the q-axis direction, and the reactance torque can be effectively improved.

In the rotary machine 1e according to the present embodiment, a magnetic field B is formed in the q-axis direction, and the magnetic field B is rotated to rotate the rotor 3e, whereby a large magnet torque is obtained and the reactorance torque is also large. It becomes. Therefore, the output of the rotary machine 1e can be greatly improved.

As described above, the rotary machine 1e of the fifth embodiment has been described, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned one. For example, in the fifth embodiment described above, the shaft member 31 of the rotor 3e has a cross-sectional shape in which both ends of the circle are scraped off, but other cross-sectional shapes may be used. For example, the shape may be similar to that of the shaft member 31 shown in FIGS. 8 to 11. Further, the shape may be similar to that of the shaft member 31 shown in FIGS. 15 to 17 and 19 to 21. Even in these cases, the shaft member 31 is formed so that the ease of passage of the magnetic flux is maximized in the angular direction between the d-axis direction and the q-axis direction in the cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis A. Thereby, the same action and effect as the above-mentioned rotary machine 1e can be obtained.

Although the rotary machine according to each embodiment of the present disclosure has been described above, the rotary machine of the present disclosure is not limited to the above-mentioned one. The rotary machine of the present disclosure can be implemented in various modifications without departing from the gist of the claims.

For example, in each of the above-described embodiments, the rotary machine using the stator 2 in which the stator 2 forms the three teeth 21a has been described, but the rotary machine using the stator in which the stators 2 form a number of teeth other than three has been described. It may be.

Further, as the rotor 3, a type other than two poles and four poles may be used. For example, it may be a rotating machine having a rotor having six or more poles.

Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, the rotor 3 provided with the sleeve 33 is used, but a rotor not provided with the sleeve 33 may be used.

Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, the case where the rotary machine is applied to the electric motor has been described, but the rotary machine may be applied to other devices. For example, rotating machines may be applied to generators or motor generators.

1 Rotating machine 2 Stator 3 Rotor 4 Housing 21 Core 21a Teeth 21b Cylindrical part 22 Coil 31 Shaft member 32 Magnet part 32a Magnet 32b Magnet 33 Sleeve 311 Extension part A Rotating axis B Magnetic field Sd, Sq Cross-sectional area Ld, Lq length difference

Claims (12)

In a rotating machine in which a surface magnet type rotor is rotatably arranged inside the stator,
The rotor includes a shaft member arranged along the rotation axis and a magnet portion provided on the outer peripheral side of the shaft member and alternately forming different magnetic poles along the circumferential direction.
The shaft member is formed so that the cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis has different cross-sectional areas in the d-axis direction of the magnet portion and the q-axis direction of the magnet portion.
Rotating machine. The shaft member is formed so that the cross-sectional area in the d-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction in the cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis.
The rotary machine according to claim 1. The shaft member is formed so that the cross-sectional area in the q-axis direction is larger than the cross-sectional area in the d-axis direction in the cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis.
The rotary machine according to claim 1. In a rotating machine in which a surface magnet type rotor is rotatably arranged inside the stator,
The rotor includes a shaft member arranged along the rotation axis and a magnet portion provided on the outer peripheral side of the shaft member and alternately forming different magnetic poles along the circumferential direction.
The shaft member is formed so that the length of the cross section differs between the d-axis direction of the magnet portion and the q-axis direction of the magnet portion in the cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis.
Rotating machine. The shaft member is formed so that the length of the cross section in the d-axis direction is longer than the length of the cross section in the q-axis direction in the cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis.
The rotary machine according to claim 4. The shaft member is formed so that the length of the cross section in the q-axis direction is longer than the length of the cross section in the d-axis direction in the cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis.
The rotary machine according to claim 4. The stator forms a magnetic field that precedes the rotation direction of the rotor with respect to the d-axis direction, and rotates the magnetic field in the rotation direction to rotate the rotor.
The rotary machine according to claim 2 or 5. The stator forms a magnetic field that precedes the rotation direction of the rotor with respect to the q-axis direction, and rotates the magnetic field in the rotation direction to rotate the rotor.
The rotary machine according to claim 3 or 6. The magnet portion includes a bond magnet provided on the outer peripheral side of the shaft member and alternately forming different magnetic poles along the circumferential direction, and a sintered magnet embedded and arranged inside the bond magnet. ing,
The rotary machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8. In a rotating machine in which a surface magnet type rotor is rotatably arranged inside the stator,
The rotor includes a shaft member arranged along the rotation axis and a magnet portion provided on the outer peripheral side of the shaft member and alternately forming different magnetic poles along the circumferential direction.
The shaft member is formed so that the ease of passage of magnetic flux is maximized in the angular direction between the d-axis direction of the magnet portion and the q-axis direction of the magnet portion in a cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis. Yes,
Rotating machine. The shaft member is formed so that the ease of passage of magnetic flux is maximized in an angular direction between the d-axis direction of the magnet portion and the q-axis direction of the magnet portion in a cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis. Yes,
The rotary machine according to claim 10. The stator forms a magnetic field in the q-axis direction and rotates the magnetic field to rotate the rotor.
The rotary machine according to claim 10 or 11.

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