JP2022046760A - Injection nozzle and injector using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an injection nozzle which suppress diffusion of spray and can improve reachability of droplets to an object, and an injector using the same.

SOLUTION: An injection nozzle 1D is provided at equal intervals in a circumferential direction, is surrounded by revolving airflow passages 11-1, 11-2, 11-3, 11-4, 11-5 of a fan-shaped cross-section spirally heading from below to above in an axial direction and swirl passages 11-1, 11-2, 11-3, 11-4, 11-5, and is composed of a straight airflow passage 13 for straight airflow of discharged air of sucked air.

SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 8

COPYRIGHT: (C)2022,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to an injection nozzle used for a nasal drop device or the like and an injection device using the injection nozzle.

In recent years, nasal administration of drugs has attracted attention. For example, administration by injection of influenza vaccine is only to prevent aggravation and cannot prevent infection. On the other hand, nasal administration of a drug that sprays a drug solution into the nasal cavity is expected to prevent the infection itself.

15A and 15B show a nasal drop device having a conventional injection nozzle, FIG. 15A is an overall perspective view, and FIG. 15B is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view (see: Patent Document 1). The nasal drop device in FIG. 15 is a pump type.

In FIG. 15, the nasal drop device is composed of a chemical liquid tank 101, a pump 102, and an injection nozzle 103. Further, the pump 102 has a spring 102a and a check valve 102b. Further, the injection nozzle 103 has a rod 103a for narrowing the flow path and realizing a high-speed flow, and a nozzle tip 103b as a spray port.

The operation of the nasal drop device of FIG. 15 will be described with reference to FIG.

First, as shown in FIG. 16A, the chemical solution L1 is filled from the pump 102 to the nozzle tip 103b.

Then, as shown in FIG. 16B, when the injection nozzle 103 is pushed down, the volume of the chemical solution L1 around the check valve 102b decreases, and the pressure of the chemical solution L1 around the check valve 102b increases. At this time, the check valve 102b operates so that the chemical solution L1 does not flow downward, and therefore the chemical solution L1 flows only upward. As a result, the chemical solution L1 is sprayed as droplets L2 atomized from the nozzle tip 103b through a minute space between the inner surface of the injection nozzle 103 and the outer surface of the rod 103a. As a result, the droplet L2 is sprayed into the nasal cavity (not shown).

When the spraying is completed, as shown in FIG. 16C, the injection nozzle 103 returns to its original position by the spring 102a, and the chemical liquid L1 is refilled from the chemical liquid tank 101 into the pump 102 under negative pressure.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-3298

However, in the nasal drop device shown in FIG. 15 above, the spray angle θ of the hollow conical droplet L2 is as large as 45 ° to 65 °. Therefore, since the amount of the chemical solution at the spray center of the sprayed droplet L2 is small, the space in the nasal cavity is narrow, and the distance between the injection nozzle 103 and the nasal cavity wall is small, the droplet L2 easily adheres to the nasal cavity wall. As a result, there is a problem that the reachability of the droplet L2 to the deep part of the nasal cavity is low.

Further, in the nasal drop device shown in FIG. 15 above, the particle velocity of the droplet L2 is as high as about 20 m / s, and as a result, the stimulation of spraying to the nasal cavity is strong and the patient's discomfort is great, that is, the patient's delight. There is also the problem of low sex.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the injection nozzle according to the present invention is provided in the circumferential direction, and is provided on a plurality of swirling flow paths for swirling jets and on the downstream side of the discharge port of the plurality of swirling flow paths. An injection nozzle comprising a throttle portion narrowed inward, wherein the plurality of swirling flow paths have a fan-shaped cross section spirally directed in the axial direction of the jet nozzle, and are further surrounded by the plurality of swirling flow paths. It is provided with a straight air flow path for a straight air flow of exhaust or intake air .

Further, the injection device according to the present invention includes the above-mentioned injection nozzle and a gas-liquid two-phase tank coupled to the suction port of each swirling flow path of the injection nozzle.

According to the present invention, the swirling airflow suppresses the diffusion of the spray, that is, the spray angle is reduced, and therefore the reachability of the droplet to the object can be improved. Further, since the droplets ride on the swirling airflow and collide with the object diagonally, the discomfort can be reduced. Diffusion can be further suppressed by the dynamic pressure effect of the exhaust straight airflow, that is, the spray angle can be further reduced. As a result, the reachability of the droplet can be further improved.

It is a figure for demonstrating the 1st principle of this invention, (A) shows the gas-liquid two-phase swirling jet, (B) shows the collision state of the droplet of (A), (C) is conventional. Shows the collision state of the droplets of. The first embodiment of the injection nozzle which concerns on this invention is shown, (A) is the perspective view, (B) is the side view which shows the jet flow trace line. It is a side view which shows the jet flow trace line of the 2nd Embodiment of the injection nozzle which concerns on this invention. It is a side view which shows the jet flow trace line of the 3rd Embodiment of the injection nozzle which concerns on this invention. It is a side view which shows the jet flow trace line of the 4th Embodiment of the injection nozzle which concerns on this invention. A fifth embodiment of the injection nozzle according to the present invention is shown, (A) is a perspective view, and (B) is a perspective view showing a jet flow trace line. It is a figure for demonstrating the 2nd principle of this invention, (A) shows a swirl airflow and an exhaust straight-ahead airflow, (B) shows a swirl airflow and an intake straight-ahead airflow. A sixth embodiment of the injection nozzle according to the present invention is shown, (A) is a perspective view, and (B) -1, (B) -2, and (B) -3 are side views showing a jet flow trace line. be. A seventh embodiment of the injection nozzle according to the present invention is shown, (A) is a perspective view, and (B) -1 and (B) -2 are side views showing a jet flow trace line. It is a figure which shows the modification example of the protrusion of FIG. 9, and the jet flow trace line. It is a graph for demonstrating the jet width and the half-value width of the jet nozzle of FIG. 9 using the protrusion of FIG. It is a graph for demonstrating the vorticity of the injection nozzle of FIG. 9 using the protrusion of FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing a first injection device using the injection nozzles of FIGS. 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. 8 is a partial perspective perspective view showing a second injection device using the injection nozzles of FIGS. 8 and 9. A nasal drop device having a conventional injection nozzle is shown, (A) is an overall perspective view, and (B) is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view. It is sectional drawing for demonstrating operation of the nose drop device of FIG.

1A and 1B are views for explaining the first principle of the present invention, in which FIG. 1A shows a gas-liquid two-phase swirling jet, FIG. C) shows the state at the time of collision of the conventional droplet.

In the gas-liquid two-phase swirling jet of FIG. 1A, the swirling airflow S and the droplet L following the swirling airflow S are shown on the injection nozzle N. By flying on the swirling airflow S, the droplet L can be prevented from spreading widely regardless of the target affected area, for example, the deep nasal cavity P, that is, the spray angle can be reduced. As a result, the reachability of the droplet L (drug) to the target portion, for example, the deep part of the nasal cavity can be enhanced. Further, as shown in FIG. 1 (B), since the droplet L collides diagonally (U) with the deep nasal cavity P, the normal force UN is small and the patient's discomfort can be reduced, that is, the patient's _delightness is high. can. In the conventional case, as shown in FIG. 1 (C), the droplet L collides vertically (U) with the deep nasal cavity P, so that the normal force _UN is large and the patient's discomfort increases.

In the gas-liquid two-phase swirling jet, a large amount of gas flows into the nasal cavity in addition to the droplet L. In this case, according to the experiment, for example, a droplet of 10 μm or more has a total liquid amount of 70 μL. On the other hand, it was confirmed that even if 700 mL of air was added, if the injection time was 1 second or more, the patient would not be exposed to danger and intolerable pain.

The first principle shown in FIG. 1 is realized by the first to fifth embodiments of the present invention shown in FIGS. 2 to 6.

2A and 2B show a first embodiment of an injection nozzle according to the present invention, FIG. 2A is a perspective view, and FIG. 2B is a side view showing a jet flow trace line.

In FIG. 2A, the injection nozzles 1A are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the swirling air flow paths 11-1, 11-2, 11-3 having a fan-shaped cross section spirally extending from the lower side to the upper side in the axial direction. , 11-4, 11-5. The attachment screw portion 12 is for attaching the attachment as needed.

The result of simulating the jet flow trace line of the jet nozzle 1A of FIG. 2 (A) (trademark: SolidWorks Flow Simulation) is shown in FIG. 2 (B). As shown in FIG. 2B, swirling flow formation was confirmed, and therefore jet diffusion was suppressed and the spray angle was small. However, it diffused immediately after ejection.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing a jet flow trace line of the second embodiment of the injection nozzle according to the present invention.

In FIG. 3, the injection nozzle 1B has a cylindrical portion 21 added to the downstream side of the discharge port of the injection nozzle 1A of FIG. As shown in the simulation (trademark: SolidWorks Flow Simulation) results, swirling flow formation was confirmed, so jet diffusion was suppressed more than in the case of FIG. 2 (B), and the spray angle was even smaller. However, it diffused immediately after ejection.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing a jet flow trace line according to a third embodiment of the injection nozzle according to the present invention.

In FIG. 4, the injection nozzle 1C has a throttle cylindrical portion 22 whose inner surface is narrowed to the downstream side on the downstream side of the discharge port of the injection nozzle 1A of FIG. As shown in the simulation (trademark: SolidWorks Flow Simulation) results, swirling flow formation was confirmed, so jet diffusion was suppressed more than in the case of FIG. 3 (B), and the spray angle was even smaller.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing a jet flow trace line of a fourth embodiment of the injection nozzle according to the present invention.

In FIG. 5, the injection nozzle 1A'forms a throttle portion 23 in which the inner surface of the discharge port of the injection nozzle 1A of FIG. 2 is narrowed. In this case, the area of the fan- shaped cross section of the swirling air flow paths 11-1, 11-2, 11-3, 11-4, and 11-5 on the downstream side, that is, the discharge port side, becomes small. As shown in the simulation (Trademark: SolidWorks Flow Simulation) results, swirling flow formation was confirmed, and thus jet diffusion was suppressed more than in FIG. 4, and therefore the spray angle was even smaller.

6A and 6B show a fifth embodiment of the injection nozzle according to the present invention, FIG. 6A is a perspective view, and FIG. 6B is a side view showing a jet flow trace line.

In the injection nozzle 1A "in FIG. 6, the central portion of the injection nozzle 1A in FIG. 2 is a cavity 24. In this case, the cavity 24 is a swirling air flow path 11-1, 11-2, 11-3, 11-4, It is conducting with 11-5.

The results of a simulation (trademark: SolidWorks Flow Simulation) of the jet flow trace line of the jet nozzle 1A "of FIG. 6 (A) are shown in FIG. 6 (B). As shown in FIG. 6 (B), a swirling flow. The formation was confirmed and therefore the jet diffusion was suppressed more than in the case of FIG. 2 (B) and the spray angle was even smaller.

7A and 7B are views for explaining the second principle of the present invention, in which FIG. 7A shows a swirling airflow and an exhaust straight airflow, and FIG. 7B shows a swirling airflow and an intake straight airflow.

In the gas-liquid two-phase swirling jet of FIG. 7A, the exhaust straight airflow E is introduced inside the swirling airflow S in addition to the swirling airflow S on the injection nozzle N and the droplet L following the swirling airflow S. Diffusion can be further suppressed by the dynamic pressure effect of the exhaust straight airflow E, that is, the spray angle can be further reduced. As a result, the reachability of the droplet L (drug) to the deep part P of the nasal cavity can be further enhanced. Also, the vorticity at a distance increases. However, increased pressure in the nasal cavity may increase patient discomfort.

On the other hand, in the gas-liquid two-phase swirling jet of FIG. 7B, the intake straight airflow I is introduced inside the swirling airflow S in addition to the swirling airflow S on the injection nozzle N and the droplet L following the swirling airflow S. Diffusion can be further suppressed by the dynamic pressure effect of the intake straight airflow I, that is, the spray angle can be further reduced. As a result, the reachability of the droplet L (drug) to the deep part P of the nasal cavity can be further enhanced. Further, the vorticity in the vicinity of the injection nozzle N increases and the vorticity in the distance decreases. However, there is a possibility that the droplet L (drug) will be sucked back.

The second principle shown in FIG. 7 is realized by the seventh and eighth embodiments of the present invention shown in FIGS. 8 and 9.

FIG. 8 shows a sixth embodiment of the injection nozzle according to the present invention, (A) shows a perspective view, and (B) -1, (B) -2, and (B) -3 show jet flow trace lines. It is a perspective view.

In FIG. 8A, the injection nozzle 1D has the same six swirling airflow channels 11-1, 11-2, 11-3, 11-4, 11-5 as those in FIG. 2A. , 11-6, but as in FIG. 5, it is a throttled portion of the protruding port. However, it is not necessary to form the throttle portion. Further, the injection nozzle 1D has a straight air flow path 13 for exhaust or intake in the central portion surrounded by the swirling air flow paths 11-1, 11-2, 11-3, 11-4, 11-5, and 11-6. have. The straight air flow path 13 has a conical shape from the downstream side to the upstream side, facilitating exhaust or intake.

The results of simulating the jet flow trace line of the jet nozzle 1D of FIG. 8 (A) (trademark: SolidWorks Flow Simulation) are shown in FIGS. 8 (B) -1, (B) -2, and (B) -3. Note that (B) -1 in FIG. 8 shows a case where exhaust / intake is not performed in the straight air flow path 13, that is, a case where the injection nozzle 1A'in FIG. 5 is used.

As shown in (B) -2 of FIG. 8, when the exhaust straight air flow flows out from the straight air flow path 13, diffusion is suppressed by the dynamic pressure effect as compared with the case of (B) -1 of FIG. I know that I am. Furthermore, an improvement in vorticity is observed in the distance. Similarly, as shown in (B) -3 of FIG. 8, when the intake straight air flow flows into the straight air flow path 13, due to the dynamic pressure effect as compared with the case of (B) -1 of FIG. It can be seen that the diffusion is suppressed. Furthermore, an improvement in vorticity is observed in the distance.

9A and 9B show a seventh embodiment of the injection nozzle according to the present invention, FIG. 9A is a perspective view, and FIGS. 9B-1 and 2B are perspective views showing a jet flow trace line.

In FIG. 9A, in the injection nozzle 1E, a protruding portion 14 having an opening 14a facing the straight air flow path 13 is added to the upstream side of the straight air flow path 13 of the injection nozzle 1E of FIG. 8 (A). There is.

The result of simulating the jet flow trace line of the jet nozzle 1E of FIG. 9A (trademark: SolidWorks Flow Simulation) is shown in FIG. 9B-2. Note that (B) -1 in FIG. 9 shows a case where the projecting portion 14 is not provided in the straight air flow path 13, that is, a case where the injection nozzle 1D in FIG. 8 is provided.

As shown in (B) -2 of FIG. 9, when the intake straight air flow flows into the protrusion 14 and the straight air flow path 13, diffusion is caused by a further dynamic pressure effect as compared with the case of (B) -1 of FIG. You can see that it is suppressed. Furthermore, an improvement in vorticity is observed in the distance.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a modified example of the protruding portion of FIG. 9 and a jet flow trace line.

In FIG. 10A, the outer surface of the protrusion 14-A is conical from the downstream side to the upstream side, and in FIG. 10B, the outer surface of the protrusion 14-B is concave. In (C) of 10, the outer surface of the protruding portion 14-C has a hem-spreading shape. As a result of simulating the jet flow trace line of the jet nozzle 1E of FIGS. 10A, 10B and 1E (trademark: SolidWorks Flow Software), the protrusion 14 shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B is shown. As can be seen from the jet width at y = 40 mm from the tip and the jet width, the points of suppressing diffusion are the protrusions 14-C in FIG. 10 (C) and the protrusions 14-A in FIG. 10 (A). The order of the protrusions 14-B in FIG. 10B may be used. On the other hand, as can be seen from the vorticity of the central surface of the opening 14a and the tips of the protrusions 14-A, 14-B, 14-C shown in FIGS. 12A and 12 at y = 40 mm, the vorticity. The degree was about the same.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a first injection device using the injection nozzles 1A, 1B, 1C, 1A', 1A "of FIGS. 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6.

In FIG. 13, the gas-liquid two-phase tank 1301 is coupled to the suction port of the swirling air flow path of the injection nozzles 1A, 1B, 1C, 1A', 1A "by the pipe 1301a, and in FIG. 13A, the injection nozzle is used. 1A, 1B, 1C, 1A', 1A "and the gas-liquid two-phase tank 1301 are laterally coupled to each other, while in FIG. 13B, the injection nozzles 1A, 1B, 1C, 1A', 1A" The gas-liquid two-phase tank 1301 is vertically coupled. The gas-liquid two-phase tank 1301 contains, for example, droplets having a diameter of 10 μm or more and compressed air in advance. In this case, the injection nozzles 1A, 1B, 1C An on-off valve (not shown) is provided in the pipe 1301a between "1, 1A', 1A" and the gas-liquid two-phase tank 1301, and the injection nozzles 1A, 1B, 1C are provided by opening the on-off valve. A gas-liquid two-phase swirling injection 1302 in which droplets fly on a swirling airflow is ejected from the tips of 1, 1A'and 1A'.

The vertical injection device shown in FIG. 13A is applied to, for example, a nasal drop device, while the horizontal injection device shown in FIG. 13B is applied to a paint coating device.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a second injection nozzle device using the injection nozzles 1D and 1E of FIGS. 8 and 9.

In FIG. 14, a gas-liquid two-phase tank 1401 is coupled to the swirling air flow path of the injection nozzles 1D and 1E by a pipe 1401a, and a positive pressure or negative pressure tank 1402 is connected to the suction port or the discharge port of the straight air flow path. Combined by 1402a. In the case of positive pressure, the tank 1402 sets the straight air flow path to the exhaust state, and in the case of negative pressure, the tank 1402 sets the straight air flow path to the intake state. In FIG. 14A, the injection nozzles 1D and 1E, the gas-liquid two-phase tank 1401 and the positive pressure tank 1402 are laterally coupled to each other, while in FIG. 14B, FIG. The injection nozzles 1D and 1E and the gas-liquid two-phase tank 1401 are vertically coupled. The gas-liquid two-phase tank 1401 contains, for example, droplets having a diameter of 10 μm or more and compressed air in advance, and the positive pressure or negative pressure tank 1402 contains positive pressure or negative pressure air. In this case, an on-off valve (not shown) is provided on the pipe 1401a and the pipe 1402a between the injection nozzles 1D and 1E and the gas-liquid two-phase tank 1401, the positive pressure or negative pressure tank 1402, and the opening / closing valve (not shown) is provided. By opening the valve, the gas-liquid two-phase swirling airflow 1403 in which droplets fly on the swirling airflow is ejected from the tips of the injection nozzles 1D and 1E, and the exhaust straight airflow or the intake straight airflow 1404 is discharged or taken in. To.

The vertical injection device shown in FIG. 14A is applied to, for example, a nasal drop device, while the horizontal injection device shown in FIG. 14B is applied to a paint coating device.

In the above-described embodiment, the gas-liquid two-phase swirling airflow may be a gas or liquid one-phase swirling airflow. In this case, the swirling air flow path becomes a swirling air flow path.

It should be noted that the present invention applies to any modification within the obvious scope of the embodiments described above.

The present invention can also be used for an injection device other than a nasal drop device, for example, a paint application device and a fuel injection device.

N, 1A, 1B, 1C, 1A', 1A ", 1D, 1E: Jet nozzles 11-1, 11-2, 11-3, 11-4, 11-5, 11-6: Swirling air flow path 12: Attack Jet thread 13: Straight air flow path 14, 14-A, 14-B, 14-C: Protruding part 14a: Opening 21: Cylindrical part 22: Squeezing Cylindrical part 23: Squeezing part 24: Cavity L: Droplet S : Swirling airflow E: Exhaust straight airflow I: Intake straight airflow 1301: Gas-liquid two-phase tank 1302: Gas-liquid two-phase swirling jet 1401: Gas-liquid two-phase tank 1402: Positive pressure or negative pressure tank 1403: Gas-liquid two-phase Swirling jet 1404: Exhaust straight airflow or intake straight airflow

Claims (10)

Multiple swirling channels for swirling jets, provided in the circumferential direction ,
With a throttle portion provided on the downstream side of the discharge ports of the plurality of swirling flow paths and narrowed inward.
It is an injection nozzle equipped with
The plurality of swirling flow paths have a fan-shaped cross section spirally directed in the axial direction of the injection nozzle.
Further, an injection nozzle surrounded by the plurality of swirling flow paths and provided with a straight-ahead air flow path for a straight-ahead air flow of exhaust or intake air. The injection nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of swirling flow paths are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the injection nozzle. The injection nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the central portion of the injection nozzle is a cavity that conducts to the plurality of swirling flow paths. The injection nozzle according to claim 1 , wherein the straight air flow path is conical from the downstream side to the upstream side. The injection nozzle according to claim 1 , further comprising a protrusion having an opening at the discharge port of the straight air flow path. The injection nozzle according to claim 5 , wherein the outer surface of the protruding portion has a wide hem. The injection nozzle according to claim 5 , wherein the outer surface of the protruding portion is conical. The injection nozzle according to claim 5 , wherein the outer surface of the protruding portion is concave. The injection nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 8 .
An injection device including a gas-liquid two-phase tank coupled to a suction port of each swirling flow path of the injection nozzle. The injection nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 8 and the injection nozzle.
A gas-liquid two-phase tank coupled to the suction port of each swirling flow path of the injection nozzle,
An injection device including a positive pressure or negative pressure tank coupled to an inlet or an outlet of the straight air flow path of the injection nozzle.

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