JP2022030414A - Three-dimensional aerial image display device and method of the same - Google Patents

Abstract

To display a three-dimensional aerial image having a binocular parallax at low cost.SOLUTION: A three-dimensional aerial image display device includes: a display 10 for a right eye for displaying a video A projected onto a right eye of an observer H; a display 20 for a left eye for displaying a video B projected onto a left eye of the observer H; two first convex lenses 11 and 12 arranged side by side on each front face of the display 10 for the right eye and the display 20 for the left eye by a focal distance f1; a light-shielding plate 30 for shielding light of the display 10 for the right eye and the display 20 for the left eye so as to prevent the light of the displays 10 and 20 from being incident on the other first convex lenses 11 and 12 arranged side by side; and a second convex lens 40 which has a center coinciding with an extension line on a side opposite to the display 10 for the right eye of the light-shielding plate 30, is arranged by a distance of the sum of a focal distance f2 longer than the focal distance f1 and the focal distance f1, and has a diameter covering a range of the light transmitting through the first convex lenses 11 and 12, in which the observer H observes an aerial image having a binocular parallax through the second convex lens 40.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a stereoscopic aerial image display device and a method thereof.

Non-Patent Document 1 discloses, for example, a technique of forming an image of a subject displayed on a display by a lens in the air and displaying the subject as an aerial image floating in the air.

Tatsuya Okawa, 2 others, "Proposal of symmetric optical system to display aerial image larger than imaging element", Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Meeting of the Virtual Reality Society of Japan, September 2018

However, in the technique disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1, since the image displayed on the display is imaged in the air, there is no parallax in the aerial image, and only a two-dimensional aerial image can be presented. Therefore, it is not possible to present a sufficient sense of presence when the presentation of the depth is insufficient or when the stereoscopic effect of the subject is desired to be presented.

In order to realize binocular parallax, it is conceivable to use a naked-eye 3D display such as an integral display or a lenticular lens as the display. However, if these special displays and special lenses are used, there is a problem that the system configuration is complicated and the cost is high.

The present invention has been made in view of this problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a stereoscopic aerial image display device capable of displaying a stereoscopic aerial image having binocular parallax at a low cost and a method thereof.

The three-dimensional aerial image display device according to one aspect of the present invention includes a display for the right eye that displays an image projected on the right eye of the observer, a display for the left eye that displays an image projected on the left eye of the observer, and a display for the right eye. In front of each of the left-eye displays, two first convex lenses arranged side by side at a focal length f ₁ and the light of the right-eye display and the light of the left-eye display are arranged side by side. A light-shielding plate that shields light from incident on the other first convex lens and a focal length f ₂ that is longer than the focal length f ₁ by aligning the center on an extension of the light-shielding plate on the opposite side of the display for the right eye. A second convex lens having a diameter that is arranged at a distance of the sum of the focal length f ₁ and the focal length f 1 and has a diameter that covers the range of light transmitted through the first convex lens, and the observer passes through the second convex lens. The gist is to observe an aerial image with a binocular focal length.

Further, the three-dimensional aerial image display method according to one aspect of the present invention is a display method performed by the above-mentioned three-dimensional aerial image display device, and the three-dimensional aerial image display device is a right eye that displays an image projected on the right eye of an observer. Two displays arranged side by side at a distance of _a focal distance f1 in front of the display for the left eye, the display for the left eye displaying the image projected on the left eye of the observer, and the display for the right eye and the display for the left eye. A light-shielding plate that shields light from the first convex lens, the light of the right-eye display and the light of the left-eye display so as not to enter the other first convex lens arranged side by side, and the light-shielding plate for the right eye. The center of the light transmitted through the first convex lens is aligned on the extension line on the opposite side of the display and is arranged at a distance of the sum of the focal distance f ₂ longer than the focal distance f ₁ and the focal distance f ₁ . A first projection step and the first projection step, which comprises a second convex lens having a diameter covering a range and project images displayed on the right-eye display and the left-eye display, respectively, by the two first convex lenses. The gist is to perform a second projection step of projecting light transmitted through the convex lens with the second convex lens and a three-dimensional aerial image observation step of observing an aerial image having binocular disparity through the second convex lens. And.

According to the present invention, a stereoscopic aerial image having binocular parallax can be displayed at a low cost.

It is a top view schematically showing the structural example of the 3D aerial image display device which concerns on embodiment of this invention. FIG. 3 is a plan view schematically showing a specific example of the three-dimensional aerial image display device shown in FIG. 1. It is a flowchart which shows the processing procedure of the 3D aerial image display method performed by the 3D aerial image display apparatus shown in FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The same reference numerals are given to the same objects in a plurality of drawings, and the description is not repeated.

FIG. 1 is a plan view schematically showing a configuration example of a three-dimensional aerial image display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the top is defined as the x (horizontal) direction, the left is defined as the y (depth) direction, and the front is defined as the z (height) direction.

As shown in FIG. 1, the stereoscopic aerial image display device 100 includes a right-eye display 10, a left-eye display 20, a light-shielding plate 30, two first convex lenses 11 and 12, and a second convex lens 40. The observer H observes the aerial images 51 and 52 having binocular parallax through the second convex lens 40.

The right-eye display 10 displays the image A projected on the right-eye Le of the observer H. The right-eye display 10 is arranged side by side in the x direction of the left-eye display 20.

The right-eye display 10 displays the image B projected on the right-eye Re of the observer H. The right-eye display 10 and the left-eye display 20 may be configured by, for example, the display of one mobile terminal.

For example, one display of one mobile terminal may be arranged side by side, and the x direction from the center of the display may be used as the right eye display 10 and the -x direction may be used as the left eye display 20. Of course, the right-eye display 10 and the left-eye display 20 may be configured as separate displays.

The two first convex lenses 11 and 12 are arranged side by side at a distance of _a focal length f1 in front of each of the right-eye display 10 and the left-eye display 20. The first convex lenses 11 and 12 are general convex lenses. The diameter of the first convex lens 11 is a size corresponding to the width and height of the display 10 for the right eye. The shape including the diameter of the first convex lens 12 is the same as that of the first convex lens 11.

The light-shielding plate 30 shields the light of the right-eye display 10 and the light of the left-eye display 20 from incident on the other first convex lenses 11 and 12 arranged side by side. As shown in FIG. 1, the light-shielding plate 30 is a plate that forms an yz plane arranged between the right-eye display 10 and the left-eye display 20 and between the first convex lenses 11 and 12.

The parallel light indicated by the alternate long and short dash line emitted from the right-eye display 10 is refracted so as to pass through the focal point F ₁₁ of the first convex lens 11. Similarly, the parallel light indicated by the broken line emitted from the left-eye display 20 is refracted so as to pass through the focal point F ₁₂ of the first convex lens 12.

The light that has passed through the focal point F ₁₁ of the first convex lens 11 is incident on the second convex lens 40. The light that has passed through the focal point F ₁₂ of the first convex lens 12 is incident on the second convex lens 40.

The second convex lens 40 has a center aligned on an extension of the light-shielding plate 30 on the opposite side of the right-eye display 10, and has a focal length f ₂ and a focal length f ₁ longer than the focal lengths f ₁ of the first convex lenses 11 and 12. They are arranged at a distance of the sum of the above and have a diameter that covers the range of light transmitted through the first convex lenses 11 and 12.

The light that has passed through the focal point F ₂₁ on the light-shielding plate 30 (y direction) side of the second convex lens 40 and has entered the second convex lens 40 travels parallel to the lens axis 40j of the second convex lens 40. The light on the observer H (-y direction) side traveling parallel to the lens axis 40j of the second convex lens 40 is the light of both the right-eye display 10 and the left-eye display 20 passing through the focal point F ₂₁ . In FIG. 1, the parallel light is represented by a ray α and a ray β.

On the other hand, the rays γ and δ incident on the second convex lens 40 through the focal length F ₁₁ of the first convex lens 11 are the parallel light (rays α and β) and the observer H (-y direction) from the second convex lens 40. ) Is refracted so as to intersect at a position separated by a focal length f2 on the _side . That is, the light ray γ intersects the light ray α at a position separated by a focal length f ₂ on the observer H side of the second convex lens 40. Further, the ray γ also intersects with the ray β.

The light rays γ and δ intersecting the light rays α and β parallel to the lens axis 40j of the second convex lens 40 travel straight away from the lens axis 40j after crossing.

In FIG. 1, the rays represented by the rays α, β, γ, and δ are innumerable. The innumerable light rays intersect the observer H side from the _second convex lens 40 at a distance of a focal length f2.

The innumerable intersections of light generated at a position separated by a focal length f ₂ on the observer H side of the second convex lens 40 also affect the light incident on the second convex lens 40 through the focal length F ₁₂ of the first convex lens 12. It happens as well. Since the light on the first convex lens 12 side (display for the left eye) is the same as that on the first convex lens 11 side (display for the right eye), detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In this way, innumerable light rays projected from the right-eye display 10 and the left-eye display 20 intersect at a position separated by a focal length f2 on the observer H side of the _second convex lens 40, so that the position is reached. Aerial images 51 and 52 are imaged. The aerial image 51 is an image A displayed on the right-eye display 10. The aerial image 52 is an image B displayed on the left-eye display 20. Therefore, the observer H can observe an aerial image having binocular parallax through the second convex lens 40.

The magnification of the aerial images 51 and 52 can be expressed by f ₂ / f ₁ . Therefore, the aerial images 51 and 52 may be referred to as magnified aerial images.

The observer H observes the aerial images 51 and 52 at a distance d or more of the following distance d from the second convex lens 40.

As described above, the three-dimensional aerial image display device 100 according to the present embodiment has a right-eye display 10 for displaying the image A displayed on the right eye of the observer H and a left eye displaying the image B displayed on the left eye of the observer H. Two first convex lenses 11 and 12 arranged side by side at _a focal length f1 in front of each of the display 20, the right-eye display 10, and the left-eye display 20, and the light of the right-eye display 10. The light of the left-eye display 20 is shielded from being incident on the other first convex lenses 11 and 12 arranged side by side, and the light-shielding plate 30 is centered on an extension of the light-shielding plate 30 on the opposite side of the right-eye display 10. The second is arranged at a distance of the sum of the focal length f ₂ and the focal length f ₁ , which is longer than the focal length f ₁ , and has a diameter covering the range of light transmitted through the first convex lenses 11 and 12. With the convex lens 40, the observer H observes an aerial image having a binocular focal length through the second convex lens 40. This makes it possible to display a stereoscopic aerial image having binocular parallax at a low cost.

(Concrete example)
FIG. 2 is a plan view schematically showing a configuration example in which the three-dimensional aerial image display device 100 is specifically configured for the purpose of confirming the operation and effect of the above embodiment.

The right-eye display 10 and the left-eye display 20 are configured by using a 4-inch display of one mobile terminal. The screen size of the 4-inch display is 50 mm in length and 88 mm in width. The screen resolution used was 1136 x 640. Since the screen of the 4-inch display is divided into two, the screen sizes of the right-eye display 10 and the left-eye display 20 are 50 mm × 44 mm, respectively.

Black paper was used for the light-shielding plate 30. The thickness of the black paper is negligible.

As the first convex lenses 11 and 12, a general convex lens having a diameter of 50 mm and a focal length of f ₁ = 75 mm was used.

The second convex lens 40 was composed of large-diameter plano-convex condenser lenses (hereinafter, large-diameter plano-convex lenses) 40a and 40b. The large-diameter plano-convex lenses 40a and 40b used had a diameter of 200 mm and a focal length of f ₂ = 200 mm.

With the above configuration, an aerial image having a width of 117.5 mm in the x direction was formed at a position separated by a focal length f2 on the observer H _side of the large-diameter plano-convex lenses 40a and 40b. Then, at a distance of 734 mm from the large-diameter plano-convex lenses 40a and 40b, it was possible to confirm two areas, one for the right eye and the other for the left eye, which had a width of 133 mm in the x direction.

As shown in FIG. 2, the view area for the right eye and the view area for the left eye each form an infinity pentagonal view area (range indicated by hatching). Since the infinity pentagonal viewing range moves away from the lens axis 40j as the distance from the large-diameter plano-convex lenses 40a and 40b increases, the range in which the observer H can observe the stereoscopic aerial image is limited to a predetermined range, but this is a practical problem. I was able to confirm that there was no such thing.

(3D aerial image display method)
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the three-dimensional aerial image display method performed by the three-dimensional aerial image display device 100.

The three-dimensional aerial image display method according to the present embodiment is a three-dimensional aerial image display method performed by the three-dimensional aerial image display device 100, in which the three-dimensional aerial image display device 100 displays an image A projected on the right eye of the observer H. The display 10 for the left eye, the display 20 for the left eye displaying the image B projected on the left eye of the observer H, and the display 10 for the right eye and the display 20 for the left eye are arranged side by side at a distance of _a focal distance f1 in front of each of the display 10. A light-shielding plate 30 that shields the light of the two first convex lenses 11 and 12, the light of the right-eye display 10 and the light of the left-eye display 20 from incident on the other first convex lenses 11 and 12 arranged side by side. The center is aligned on the extension line on the opposite side of the light-shielding plate 30 from the display 10 for the right eye, and the focal distance f ₂ longer than the focal distance f ₁ and the focal distance f ₁ are arranged at a distance of the sum of the first. The second convex lens 40 having a diameter covering the range of light transmitted through the convex lenses 11 and 12 is provided, and the images A and B displayed on the right-eye display 10 and the left-eye display 20 are combined with the two first convex lenses 11. The first projection step (step S1) to be projected by the first convex lens 11 and 12, the second projection step (step S2) to project the light transmitted through the first convex lenses 11 and 12 by the second convex lens 40, and the second convex lens by the observer. A three-dimensional aerial image observation step (step S3) for observing an aerial image having binocular disparity via 40 is performed. This makes it possible to display a stereoscopic aerial image having binocular parallax at a low cost.

As described above, according to the stereoscopic aerial image display device 100 and the method thereof according to the present embodiment, a stereoscopic aerial image having binocular parallax is displayed with a simple and low-cost configuration in which a general convex lens is combined. be able to.

The position where the stereoscopic aerial image can be observed is not limited to the pinpoint position at the distance d described above. A stereoscopic aerial image can be observed with a width in the depth (y) direction within the range of the depth of focus of the first convex lenses 11 and 12 and the second convex lens 40.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and can be modified within the scope of the gist thereof. The right-eye display 10 and the left-eye display 20 have described an example in which the display of one mobile terminal is divided and used, but the present invention is not limited to this example. The right-eye display 10 and the left-eye display 20 may be configured as separate displays.

Further, the large-diameter plano-convex lenses 40a and 40b shown in the specific example may be configured by a general convex lens.

As described above, it goes without saying that the present invention includes various embodiments not described here. Therefore, the technical scope of the present invention is defined only by the invention designation matters relating to the reasonable claims from the above description.

10: Right eye display 11: First convex lens 12: Second convex lens 20: Left eye display 30: Shading plate 40: Second convex lens 51, 52: Aerial image (magnified aerial image)
H: Observer

Claims (3)

A display for the right eye that displays the image projected on the observer's right eye,
A display for the left eye that displays an image projected on the left eye of the observer, and a display for the left eye.
Two first convex lenses arranged side by side at _a focal length f1 in front of each of the right-eye display and the left-eye display.
A light-shielding plate that shields the light of the right-eye display and the light of the left-eye display from incident on the other first convex lens arranged side by side.
The light-shielding plate is centered on an extension line on the opposite side of the right-eye display, and is arranged at a distance of the sum of the focal length f ₂ longer than the focal length f ₁ and the focal length f ₁ . It is equipped with a second convex lens having a diameter that covers the range of light transmitted through the one convex lens.
The observer is a stereoscopic aerial image display device for observing an aerial image having binocular parallax through the second convex lens. The observer observes the aerial image at a distance d or more of the following distance from the second convex lens.

The three-dimensional aerial image display device according to claim 1. This is a 3D aerial image display method performed by a 3D aerial image display device.
The stereoscopic aerial image display device is
A display for the right eye that displays the image projected on the observer's right eye,
A display for the left eye that displays an image projected on the left eye of the observer, and a display for the left eye.
Two first convex lenses arranged side by side at _a focal length f1 in front of each of the right-eye display and the left-eye display.
A light-shielding plate that shields the light of the right-eye display and the light of the left-eye display from incident on the other first convex lens arranged side by side.
The light-shielding plate is centered on an extension line on the opposite side of the right-eye display, and is arranged at a distance of the sum of the focal length f ₂ longer than the focal length f ₁ and the focal length f ₁ . It is equipped with a second convex lens having a diameter that covers the range of light transmitted through the one convex lens.
A first projection step in which the images displayed on the right-eye display and the left-eye display are projected by the two first convex lenses, respectively.
The second projection step of projecting the light transmitted through the first convex lens with the second convex lens,
A stereoscopic aerial image display method in which the observer performs a stereoscopic aerial image observation step of observing an aerial image having binocular parallax through the second convex lens.

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