JP2022027532A - Dust scattering inhibitor for solid fuel and/or steel raw material, and dust scattering inhibiting method for solid fuel and/or steel raw material - Google Patents
Dust scattering inhibitor for solid fuel and/or steel raw material, and dust scattering inhibiting method for solid fuel and/or steel raw material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料の粉塵飛散抑制剤および固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料の粉塵飛散抑制方法に関する。さらに詳しくは、本発明は、疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料の粉塵飛散抑制剤及び疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料の粉塵飛散抑制方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a dust scattering inhibitor for solid fuel and / or steel raw materials and a method for suppressing dust scattering from solid fuel and / or steel raw materials. More specifically, the present invention relates to a dust scattering inhibitor for a hydrophobic solid fuel and / or a steel raw material and a dust scattering suppressing method for a hydrophobic solid fuel and / or a steel raw material.
通常、製鉄所等では、原料となる塊状の鉄鉱石や塊上の石炭、あるいは粉状の鉄鉱石や粉状の石灰石、高炉装入に適した粒度及び強度とするべく処理された焼結鉱、高炉、転炉、電気炉などから排出される製鉄所ダストなどが山積みされ、堆積、貯蔵されている。
また、発電所、製鉄所、鉱山等では、大量の石炭が石炭置き場(石炭ヤード)に山積みされ、堆積、貯蔵されることが多い。また、石炭を1,200℃の高温で乾留することにより生産される炭素を主成分とした多孔質の個体であるコークスは、製鉄用、鋳物用、燃料用等の用途に用いられるが、このコークスについても、コークス置き場(コークスヤード)に山積みされ、堆積、貯蔵されることが多い。
さらに、バイオマス発電所などでは燃料となる木質チップ、木質ペレット、RDF(Refuse Derived Fuel)、RPF(Refuse Paper & Plastic Fuel)も山積みされ、堆積、貯蔵されることがある。
上記のような鉄鉱石、石灰石、焼結鉱、製鉄所ダスト、石炭、コークス、木質チップ、木質ペレット、RDF及びRPF等(以下、固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料という。)の輸送ラインにはベルトコンベヤが用いられているが、ベルトコンベヤの乗り継ぎ部に高低差がある個所もあり、固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料が落下する際にその衝撃により落下粉塵の飛散が発生している。この固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料の粉塵の飛散を抑制するために散水等の対策が取られてきたが、固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料は、散水のみにより粉塵の飛散を効率的に抑制することは困難であった。また、固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料に水が付着することによりエネルギー効率が低下するため、大量の水を散布することは推奨されず、散水量を極力減らして粉塵飛散を抑制することが望まれている。そこで、従来から粉塵飛散抑制のために、粉塵飛散抑制剤が用いられている。
Normally, in steel mills, etc., lumpy iron ore as a raw material, coal on lumps, powdery iron ore, powdery limestone, and sintered ore processed to have a particle size and strength suitable for charging into a blast furnace. , Iron mill dust discharged from blast furnaces, converters, electric furnaces, etc. are piled up, accumulated and stored.
In addition, in power plants, steel mills, mines, etc., a large amount of coal is often piled up in a coal yard (coal yard), and is deposited and stored. In addition, coke, which is a porous solid mainly composed of carbon produced by carbonizing coal at a high temperature of 1,200 ° C., is used for iron making, casting, fuel, etc. Coke is also often piled up, carbonized and stored in the coke storage area (coke yard).
Further, in biomass power plants and the like, wood chips, wood pellets, RDF (Refuse Delivered Fuel), and RPF (Refuse Paper & Plastic Fuel), which are fuels, may be piled up, accumulated, and stored.
Belts for transport lines of iron ore, limestone, sintered ore, steel mill dust, coal, coke, wood chips, wood pellets, RDF, RPF, etc. (hereinafter referred to as solid fuel and / or steel raw materials) as described above. Although a conveyor is used, there is a place where there is a difference in height at the connecting portion of the belt conveyor, and when the solid fuel and / or the steel raw material falls, the impact causes the falling dust to scatter. Measures such as sprinkling have been taken to suppress the scattering of dust from the solid fuel and / or the steel raw material, but the solid fuel and / or the steel raw material should efficiently suppress the scattering of the dust only by sprinkling water. Was difficult. In addition, it is not recommended to spray a large amount of water because water adheres to solid fuel and / or steel raw material, and it is desirable to reduce the amount of water sprayed as much as possible to suppress dust scattering. ing. Therefore, a dust scattering inhibitor has been conventionally used to suppress dust scattering.
このような粉塵飛散抑制剤としては、例えば、特許文献1及び特許文献2に記載されているように、グリセリンなどの多価アルコールや界面活性剤等が挙げられる。
Examples of such a dust scattering inhibitor include polyhydric alcohols such as glycerin, surfactants, and the like, as described in Patent Document 1 and
しかし、固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料が疎水性である場合、粉塵を抑制するために従来の粉塵飛散抑制剤を使用しても、従来の粉塵飛散抑制剤が疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料に充分に浸透せず、粉塵飛散抑制効果が充分に得られない場合があった。また、疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料と疎水性のバインダーとを混合し、使用場面に適した性質、形状に加工された疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料は、より疎水性が強くなり、水がより浸透しにくくなるという問題が生じている。また、製鉄所では、コークス製造用原料炭として、経済的観点などから弱粘着性又は非粘着性の微粉炭が使用されることがあり、粘結性を高めるためにタール分が添加される場合がある。石炭の表面は通常疎水性であり水が浸透しにくいが、タール分を含む石炭はさらに疎水性が強くなり、水がより浸透しにくくなるという問題が生じている。 However, when the solid fuel and / or the steel raw material is hydrophobic, even if the conventional dust scattering inhibitor is used to suppress the dust, the conventional dust scattering inhibitor is the hydrophobic solid fuel and / or the steel. In some cases, it did not sufficiently penetrate into the raw material and the effect of suppressing dust scattering could not be sufficiently obtained. In addition, the hydrophobic solid fuel and / or the steel raw material, which is a mixture of the hydrophobic solid fuel and / or the steel raw material and the hydrophobic binder and processed into a property and shape suitable for the usage situation, is more hydrophobic. There is a problem that it becomes stronger and it becomes more difficult for water to penetrate. In addition, in steelworks, weakly adhesive or non-adhesive pulverized coal may be used as coking coal for coke production from an economic point of view, and tar content is added to enhance the cohesiveness. There is. The surface of coal is usually hydrophobic and water does not easily permeate, but coal containing tar becomes more hydrophobic, which causes a problem that water becomes more difficult to permeate.
本発明は、疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料について粉塵の飛散を抑制するための、疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料の粉塵飛散抑制剤及び疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料の粉塵飛散抑制方法を提供することを課題とする。 INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention relates to a hydrophobic solid fuel and / or a dust scattering inhibitor for a steel raw material and a hydrophobic solid fuel and / or a steel raw material for suppressing dust scattering from a hydrophobic solid fuel and / or a steel raw material. It is an object to provide a method for suppressing dust scattering.
本発明者らは、上記課題を解決するため、鋭意検討した結果、疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料の粉塵飛散抑制には、グリセリンと特定のノニオン系界面活性剤とを含む粉塵飛散抑制剤を用いることで、疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料への水の浸透性が効果的に向上することを見出し、本発明を完成させるに至った。
なお、本明細書における「疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料」には、粉砕して粒度調整した固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料(鉄鉱石、石灰石、焼結鉱、製鉄所ダスト、石炭、コークス、木質チップ、木質ペレット、RDF及びRPF等)に、バインダーとしてセメント(ポルトランドセメント、高炉セメント)、高炉スラグ微粉末、石膏、コールタール等の疎水性成分を混合した後、得られた混合物に造粒、塊成又は成型等の処理を施したものも含む。このような疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料としては、例えば、粉鉄鉱石にポルトランドセメントを混合した塊成鉱やタール分を含む石炭等が挙げられる。ただし、本明細書における疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料は、上述のようにバインダーとして疎水性成分が混合されたものに限定されるものではない。
As a result of diligent studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have studied to suppress dust scattering of hydrophobic solid fuels and / or steel raw materials, in which dust scattering is suppressed by containing glycerin and a specific nonionic surfactant. It has been found that the use of the agent effectively improves the permeability of water into the hydrophobic solid fuel and / or the steel raw material, and has completed the present invention.
The term "hydrophobic solid fuel and / or steel raw material" as used herein refers to solid fuel and / or steel raw material (iron ore, limestone, cemented ore, steel mill dust, coal, etc.) whose grain size has been adjusted by crushing. Coke, wood chips, wood pellets, RDF, RPF, etc.) are mixed with hydrophobic components such as cement (Portorand cement, blast furnace cement), blast furnace slag fine powder, gypsum, coal tar, etc. as a binder, and then into the obtained mixture. It also includes those that have been subjected to processing such as granulation, agglomeration or molding. Examples of such hydrophobic solid fuel and / or steel raw material include lump ore obtained by mixing Portland cement with powdered iron ore, coal containing tar, and the like. However, the hydrophobic solid fuel and / or the steel raw material in the present specification is not limited to the one in which the hydrophobic component is mixed as the binder as described above.
すなわち、本発明は、グリセリンと、一般式(I)で表されるノニオン系界面活性剤とを含有する疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料の粉塵飛散抑制剤である。
R1-O-(EO)m(PO)n-H (I)
(式中、R1は炭素数10~14のアルキル基を示し、(EO)m(PO)nはエチレンオキシド(EO)とプロピレンオキシド(PO)との付加物であり、m/nが、9/1~1/1であり、前記EOと前記POとはブロック状に付加していてもランダム状に付加していてもよい)
上記飛散抑制剤は、グリセリンと一般式(I)で表されるノニオン系界面活性剤との含有重量比(グリセリン:一般式(I)で表されるノニオン系界面活性剤)が、50:50~90:10であることが好ましい。
また、上記飛散抑制剤におけるグリセリンの含有重量が、15~30重量%であることが好ましい。
That is, the present invention is a hydrophobic solid fuel containing glycerin and a nonionic surfactant represented by the general formula (I) and / or a dust scattering inhibitor for steel raw materials.
R 1 -O- (EO) m (PO) n -H (I)
(In the formula, R 1 represents an alkyl group having 10 to 14 carbon atoms, (EO) m (PO) n is an adduct of ethylene oxide (EO) and propylene oxide (PO), and m / n is 9 It is 1/1 to 1/1, and the EO and the PO may be added in a block shape or randomly.)
The scattering inhibitor has a weight ratio of glycerin to a nonionic surfactant represented by the general formula (I) (glycerin: a nonionic surfactant represented by the general formula (I)) of 50:50. It is preferably ~ 90:10.
Further, the weight of glycerin contained in the scattering inhibitor is preferably 15 to 30% by weight.
また、本発明は、上記粉塵飛散抑制剤の重量含有率が0.05~5重量%である水性溶液を、疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料の重量に対し、0.3~8重量%接触させる疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料の粉塵飛散抑制方法でもある。 Further, in the present invention, the aqueous solution having a weight content of the dust scattering inhibitor of 0.05 to 5% by weight is 0.3 to 8% by weight with respect to the weight of the hydrophobic solid fuel and / or the steel raw material. It is also a method for suppressing dust scattering of hydrophobic solid fuel and / or steel raw material to be contacted.
本発明によれば、疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料に対して粉塵の飛散を抑制するための、疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料の粉塵飛散抑制剤及び疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料の粉塵飛散抑制方法を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, a hydrophobic solid fuel and / or a steel raw material dust scattering inhibitor and a hydrophobic solid fuel for suppressing dust scattering with respect to a hydrophobic solid fuel and / or a steel raw material and / Or a method for suppressing dust scattering of a steel raw material can be provided.
本発明の疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料の粉塵飛散抑制剤(以下、単に「本発明の飛散抑制剤」ともいう。)は、グリセリンと、一般式(I)で表されるノニオン系界面活性剤とを含有する。
R1-O-(EO)m(PO)n-H (I)
(式中、R1は炭素数10~14のアルキル基を示し、(EO)m(PO)nはエチレンオキシド(EO)とプロピレンオキシド(PO)との付加物であり、m/nが、9/1~1/1であり、前記EOと前記POとはブロック状に付加していてもランダム状に付加していてもよい)
The hydrophobic solid fuel of the present invention and / or the dust scattering inhibitor for steel raw materials (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “scattering inhibitor of the present invention”) is glycerin and a nonionic system represented by the general formula (I). Contains a surfactant.
R 1 -O- (EO) m (PO) n -H (I)
(In the formula, R 1 represents an alkyl group having 10 to 14 carbon atoms, (EO) m (PO) n is an adduct of ethylene oxide (EO) and propylene oxide (PO), and m / n is 9 It is 1/1 to 1/1, and the EO and the PO may be added in a block shape or randomly.)
上記一般式(I)で表されるノニオン系界面活性剤は、エチレンオキシド(EO)、プロピレンオキシド(PO)又はこれらの混合物を含む。m及びnは、平均付加モル数であり、疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料の粉塵をより抑制する観点から、mは5~10が好ましく、nは1~9が好ましい。 The nonionic surfactant represented by the general formula (I) includes ethylene oxide (EO), propylene oxide (PO) or a mixture thereof. m and n are the average number of added moles, and m is preferably 5 to 10 and n is preferably 1 to 9 from the viewpoint of further suppressing dust of the hydrophobic solid fuel and / or steel raw material.
上記一般式(I)で表されるノニオン系界面活性剤におけるR1は直鎖、分岐鎖若しくは不飽和のアルキル基であってよく、イソデシル、n-デシル又はトリデシルであることが好ましい。 In the nonionic surfactant represented by the general formula (I), R 1 may be a linear, branched or unsaturated alkyl group, and is preferably isodecyl, n-decyl or tridecylic.
上記一般式(I)で表されるノニオン系界面活性剤におけるm/nは、9/1~1/1であればよいが、8/1~1/1であることが好ましく、6/1~1/1であることがより好ましい。 The m / n in the nonionic surfactant represented by the general formula (I) may be 9/1 to 1/1, preferably 8/1 to 1/1, and 6/1. It is more preferably to 1/1.
本開示において、上記一般式(I)で表されるノニオン系界面活性剤の重量平均分子量が、1500以下であることが好ましい。重量平均分子量が1500を超えると、一般式(I)で表されるノニオン系界面活性剤の浸透性が低下し、本発明の飛散抑制剤において、ノニオン系界面活性剤が充分に分散しない可能性が生じるためである。 In the present disclosure, the weight average molecular weight of the nonionic surfactant represented by the general formula (I) is preferably 1500 or less. When the weight average molecular weight exceeds 1500, the permeability of the nonionic surfactant represented by the general formula (I) decreases, and the nonionic surfactant may not be sufficiently dispersed in the scattering inhibitor of the present invention. This is because
上記一般式(I)で表されるノニオン系界面活性剤としては、例えば、ポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレンアルキルエーテル等が挙げられる。
上記一般式(I)で表されるノニオン系界面活性剤は、ポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレンアルキルエーテルであることが好ましく、ポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレンアルキルエーテルは、炭素数10~14のアルキル基を有する高級アルコールにエチレンオキサイド、プロピレンオキサイドを付加したものであり、市販のものを使用できる。また、当該高級アルコールとしては、ヤシ油還元アルコール等の天然アルコールでも合成アルコールでもよく、合成アルコールの場合は、チーグラーアルコールやオキソアルコールなどが使用できる。 一般式(I)のポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレンアルキルエーテルは、単独で用いてもよく、また、ポリオキシエチレン及びポリオキシプロピレンの付加モル数が異なる2種以上を混合して用いてもよい。
Examples of the nonionic surfactant represented by the general formula (I) include polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkyl ether and the like.
The nonionic surfactant represented by the general formula (I) is preferably a polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkyl ether, and the polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkyl ether has an alkyl group having 10 to 14 carbon atoms. Ethylene oxide and propylene oxide are added to the higher alcohol having, and commercially available ones can be used. Further, the higher alcohol may be a natural alcohol such as coconut oil reduced alcohol or a synthetic alcohol, and in the case of the synthetic alcohol, a cheegler alcohol, an oxo alcohol or the like can be used. The polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkyl ether of the general formula (I) may be used alone, or may be used as a mixture of two or more kinds of polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene having different numbers of added moles.
本発明の飛散抑制剤に用いられるグリセリンは、グリセリン及び/又はジグリセリンであればよい。 The glycerin used in the shatter inhibitor of the present invention may be glycerin and / or diglycerin.
本発明の飛散抑制剤は、グリセリンと上記一般式(I)で表されるノニオン系界面活性剤との含有重量比(グリセリン:一般式(I)で表されるノニオン系界面活性剤)が、50:50~90:10であることが好ましい。グリセリンと上記一般式(I)で表されるノニオン系界面活性剤との含有重量比が上記範囲にあることで、疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料の粉塵飛散抑制効果を充分に得ることができるためである。グリセリンと上記一般式(I)で表されるノニオン系界面活性剤との含有重量比は、50:50~85:15であることがより好ましい。 The scattering inhibitor of the present invention has a weight ratio of glycerin to a nonionic surfactant represented by the above general formula (I) (glycerin: a nonionic surfactant represented by the general formula (I)). It is preferably 50:50 to 90:10. When the content weight ratio of glycerin and the nonionic surfactant represented by the above general formula (I) is within the above range, the effect of suppressing dust scattering of the hydrophobic solid fuel and / or the steel raw material can be sufficiently obtained. This is because it can be done. The content weight ratio of glycerin to the nonionic surfactant represented by the above general formula (I) is more preferably 50:50 to 85:15.
また、本発明の飛散抑制剤におけるグリセリンの含有重量が、15~30重量%であることが好ましい。グリセリンの含有量が上記範囲にあることで、飛散抑制剤においてグリセリンが好適に分散し、疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料の粉塵飛散抑制効果を充分に得ることができるためである。 Further, the weight of glycerin contained in the scattering inhibitor of the present invention is preferably 15 to 30% by weight. This is because when the content of glycerin is within the above range, glycerin is suitably dispersed in the scattering inhibitor, and the effect of suppressing dust scattering of the hydrophobic solid fuel and / or the steel raw material can be sufficiently obtained.
本発明の飛散抑制剤は、一又は複数の実施形態において、本開示の効果を奏する範囲内であれば、グリセリン及び上記一般式(I)で表されるノニオン系界面活性剤以外の成分を含んでもよく、含まなくてもよい。グリセリン及び上記一般式(I)で表されるノニオン系界面活性剤以外の成分としては、グリセリン及び/又は上記一般式(I)で表されるノニオン系界面活性剤の取り扱い性を向上させるために使用される溶媒が挙げられる。具体的には、水や、発明の効果を阻害しない範囲で、本発明の飛散抑制剤に使用される成分以外の親水性有機溶媒やアルコール等の溶媒が挙げられる。 In one or more embodiments, the shatter-inhibiting agent of the present invention contains components other than glycerin and the nonionic surfactant represented by the above general formula (I) as long as the effects of the present disclosure are exhibited. However, it may or may not be included. As components other than glycerin and the nonionic surfactant represented by the general formula (I), in order to improve the handleability of glycerin and / or the nonionic surfactant represented by the general formula (I). Examples include the solvent used. Specific examples thereof include water and solvents such as hydrophilic organic solvents and alcohols other than the components used in the scattering inhibitor of the present invention as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
本発明の飛散抑制剤は、上記一般式(I)で表されるノニオン系界面活性剤以外の成分として界面活性剤を含んでもよい。上記飛散抑制剤中の界面活性剤の配合量は0.01~20%であることが好ましい。 The scattering inhibitor of the present invention may contain a surfactant as a component other than the nonionic surfactant represented by the above general formula (I). The blending amount of the surfactant in the shatter inhibitor is preferably 0.01 to 20%.
本発明の飛散抑制剤が用いられる対象は、疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料であればよいが、バインダーとして疎水性成分が混合された固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料であることが好ましい。疎水性のバインダーを含む固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料の疎水性が、疎水性のバインダーを含まない固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料の疎水性よりも強くなり、本発明の飛散抑制剤の効果がより顕著に得られるためである。上記疎水性のバインダーの含有量は、固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料に対し、0.5重量%以上であることが好ましく、0.5~15重量%であることがより好ましい。
例えば、疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料が、タール分を含む石炭等である場合、一般的に、細粒状の石炭を塊成炭とする場合、3~15%のタールを添加することが多い(参考特許文献1:特開昭52-071504号公報、参考特許文献2:特開平09-003458号公報、参考特許文献3:特開平08-239669号公報)。そのため、本発明の飛散抑制剤が用いられる対象は、タール分を3~15%含む石炭であってもよい。
また、本発明の飛散抑制剤が用いられる対象は、石油コークス等の固体燃料であってもよく、パーム椰子の殻等の農作物残渣の廃棄物等の固体燃料であってもよい。石油コークスは、石油精製においてアスファルトなど重質油を熱分解した時の残渣分で、炭素を主成分とする固体であり、燃料として使用されている。そして、石炭と同様、貯蔵や輸送時に微細な粉塵が飛散して、作業環境や周囲環境の悪化を招く物質である。また、パーム椰子の殻(Palm Kernel Shell=PKS)は、パーム油を生産する過程で発生する農作物残渣の廃棄物である。PKSは、水分含有量が少なく発熱量が高いことから、バイオマス燃料として使用される。PKSは貯蔵や輸送時に微細な粉塵が飛散するが、表面が疎水性であるため水だけで飛散を抑えることが難しく、作業環境や周囲環境の悪化を招くことがある物質である。
The object to which the shatter suppressor of the present invention is used may be a hydrophobic solid fuel and / or a steel raw material, but a solid fuel and / or a steel raw material mixed with a hydrophobic component as a binder is preferable. The hydrophobicity of the solid fuel and / or the steel raw material containing the hydrophobic binder becomes stronger than the hydrophobicity of the solid fuel and / or the steel raw material containing no hydrophobic binder, and the effect of the scattering inhibitor of the present invention becomes more effective. This is because it can be obtained remarkably. The content of the hydrophobic binder is preferably 0.5% by weight or more, more preferably 0.5 to 15% by weight, based on the solid fuel and / or the steel raw material.
For example, when the hydrophobic solid fuel and / or the steel raw material is coal containing tar, generally, when fine granular coal is used as agglomerated coal, 3 to 15% tar is added. (Reference Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 52-071504, Reference Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 09-003458, Reference Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 08-239669). Therefore, the target to which the shatter-inhibiting agent of the present invention is used may be coal containing 3 to 15% of tar.
Further, the object to which the shatter-inhibiting agent of the present invention is used may be a solid fuel such as petroleum coke, or may be a solid fuel such as waste of agricultural crop residues such as palm coconut shells. Petroleum coke is a residue obtained by thermally decomposing heavy oil such as asphalt in petroleum refining, is a solid containing carbon as a main component, and is used as a fuel. And, like coal, it is a substance that causes deterioration of the working environment and surrounding environment by scattering fine dust during storage and transportation. In addition, palm coconut shell (Palm Kernel Shell = PKS) is a waste of agricultural residue generated in the process of producing palm oil. PKS is used as a biomass fuel because it has a low water content and a high calorific value. PKS is a substance in which fine dust is scattered during storage and transportation, but since the surface is hydrophobic, it is difficult to suppress the scattering only with water, which may lead to deterioration of the working environment and the surrounding environment.
本発明は、本発明の飛散抑制剤の重量含有率が0.05~5重量%である水性溶液を、疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料の重量に対し、0.3~8重量%接触させる疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料の粉塵飛散抑制方法(以下、単に「本発明の飛散抑制方法」ともいう。)でもある。一又は複数の実施形態において、本発明の飛散抑制方法は、疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料が保管されている野積場、保管タンク、並びに輸送配管やベルトコンベヤなどの、疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料の輸送経路の少なくとも1カ所において、本発明の飛散抑制剤を接触させることを含む。本発明の飛散抑制方法では、本発明の飛散抑制剤は、疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料に対し添加され、混合されることが好ましい。本発明の方法において、疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料に対する飛散抑制剤を含有する水溶液の浸透性を向上させる観点から、該水溶液における本発明の飛散抑制剤の重量含有率は、0.1~5重量%であることが好ましく、0.2~5重量%であることがより好ましく、0.4~5重量%であることがさらに好ましい。また、本発明の方法において、本発明の飛散抑制剤を含有する水性溶液を、疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料の重量に対し、0.3~5重量%接触させることが好ましく、0.5~5重量%接触させることがより好ましい。 In the present invention, an aqueous solution having a weight content of the shatter suppressor of the present invention of 0.05 to 5% by weight is 0.3 to 8% by weight based on the weight of the hydrophobic solid fuel and / or the steel raw material. It is also a method for suppressing dust scattering of hydrophobic solid fuel and / or steel raw material to be brought into contact (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “method for suppressing scattering of the present invention”). In one or more embodiments, the shatterproof method of the present invention is a hydrophobic solid, such as a field storage yard, a storage tank, and a transport pipe, belt conveyor, etc., where hydrophobic solid fuel and / or steel raw materials are stored. It comprises contacting the shatter-inhibiting agent of the present invention at at least one place in the transportation route of the fuel and / or the steel raw material. In the shatter-suppressing method of the present invention, the shatter-suppressing agent of the present invention is preferably added to and mixed with the hydrophobic solid fuel and / or the steel raw material. In the method of the present invention, from the viewpoint of improving the permeability of the aqueous solution containing the scattering inhibitor to the hydrophobic solid fuel and / or the steel raw material, the weight content of the scattering inhibitor in the aqueous solution is 0. It is preferably 1 to 5% by weight, more preferably 0.2 to 5% by weight, and even more preferably 0.4 to 5% by weight. Further, in the method of the present invention, it is preferable that the aqueous solution containing the scattering inhibitor of the present invention is brought into contact with the weight of the hydrophobic solid fuel and / or the steel raw material in an amount of 0.3 to 5% by weight, preferably 0. It is more preferable to bring them into contact with each other in an amount of 5 to 5% by weight.
本発明の飛散抑制方法では、疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料の重量に対して、本発明の疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料の粉塵飛散抑制剤に含有されるグリセリンが0.3mg~750mg/kgとなるように、水性溶液を疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料に接触させることが好ましい。
疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料1kgに対するグリセリンの接触量が0.3mg未満では、充分な疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料の粉塵飛散抑制効果が得られないことがある。一方、疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料1kgに対するグリセリンの接触量が750mgを超えると、疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料にグリセリンを接触させる手段にも因るが、グリセリンが均一に分散されにくくなり、充分な粉塵飛散抑制効果が得られないことがあり、例え、均一に接触させることができても接触量に見合った粉塵飛散抑制効果が得られないことがある。
好ましい疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料1kgに対するグリセリンの接触量は、0.3mg~750mgである。
グリセリンの接触量は、疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料の種類、それからの発塵状態、発塵量などにも因り、状況および経済性を考慮して、適宜設定すればよい。
In the scattering suppression method of the present invention, glycerin contained in the dust scattering inhibitor of the hydrophobic solid fuel and / or the steel raw material of the present invention is 0. It is preferable to bring the aqueous solution into contact with the hydrophobic solid fuel and / or the steel raw material so as to be 3 mg to 750 mg / kg.
If the contact amount of glycerin with respect to 1 kg of the hydrophobic solid fuel and / or the steel raw material is less than 0.3 mg, a sufficient effect of suppressing dust scattering of the hydrophobic solid fuel and / or the steel raw material may not be obtained. On the other hand, when the contact amount of glycerin with respect to 1 kg of the hydrophobic solid fuel and / or the steel raw material exceeds 750 mg, the glycerin becomes uniform, depending on the means for contacting the hydrophobic solid fuel and / or the steel raw material with glycerin. It becomes difficult to disperse, and a sufficient dust scattering suppressing effect may not be obtained. Even if the contact can be made uniformly, the dust scattering suppressing effect corresponding to the contact amount may not be obtained.
The contact amount of glycerin with respect to 1 kg of a preferable hydrophobic solid fuel and / or steel raw material is 0.3 mg to 750 mg.
The contact amount of glycerin may be appropriately set in consideration of the situation and economic efficiency, depending on the type of the hydrophobic solid fuel and / or the steel raw material, the dust generation state from the glycerin, the dust generation amount, and the like.
本発明の飛散抑制方法では、疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料の重量に対して、本発明の疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料の粉塵飛散抑制剤に含有される一般式(I)で表されるノニオン系界面活性剤が0.05~500mg/kgとなるように、水性溶液を、疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料に接触させることが好ましい。
タール分を含む石炭1kgに対する上記ノニオン系界面活性剤の接触量が0.05mg未満では、充分な疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料の粉塵飛散抑制効果が得られないことがある。一方、疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料1kgに対する上記ノニオン系界面活性剤の接触量が500mgを超えると、疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料に上記ノニオン系界面活性剤を接触させる手段にも因るが、上記ノニオン系界面活性剤が均一に分散されにくくなり、充分な粉塵飛散抑制効果が得られないことがあり、例え、均一に接触させることができても接触量に見合った粉塵飛散抑制効果が得られないことがある。
好ましい疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料1kgに対する上記ノニオン系界面活性剤の接触量は、0.05~500mgである。
上記ノニオン系界面活性剤の接触量は、疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料の種類、それからの発塵状態、発塵量などにも因り、状況および経済性を考慮して、適宜設定すればよい。
In the scattering suppressing method of the present invention, the general formula (I) contained in the hydrophobic solid fuel and / or the dust scattering suppressing agent of the steel raw material of the present invention with respect to the weight of the hydrophobic solid fuel and / or the steel raw material. ) Is preferably brought into contact with the hydrophobic solid fuel and / or the steel raw material so that the nonionic surfactant is 0.05 to 500 mg / kg.
If the contact amount of the nonionic surfactant with respect to 1 kg of coal containing a tar content is less than 0.05 mg, the effect of suppressing dust scattering of a sufficiently hydrophobic solid fuel and / or a steel raw material may not be obtained. On the other hand, when the contact amount of the nonionic surfactant with respect to 1 kg of the hydrophobic solid fuel and / or the steel raw material exceeds 500 mg, the means for bringing the nonionic surfactant into contact with the hydrophobic solid fuel and / or the steel raw material. However, it may be difficult to uniformly disperse the above-mentioned nonionic surfactant, and a sufficient effect of suppressing dust scattering may not be obtained. The effect of suppressing dust scattering may not be obtained.
The contact amount of the nonionic surfactant with respect to 1 kg of a preferable hydrophobic solid fuel and / or steel raw material is 0.05 to 500 mg.
The contact amount of the nonionic surfactant should be appropriately set in consideration of the situation and economy, depending on the type of hydrophobic solid fuel and / or steel raw material, the dust generation state from the nonionic surfactant, the dust generation amount, and the like. Just do it.
本発明の方法では、疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料に、グリセリンと上記一般式(I)で表されるノニオン系界面活性剤とを含有する本発明の飛散抑制剤を含有する水性溶液を接触させるが、その方法は特に限定されず、疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料の状態や周辺の状況などにより適宜選択すればよい。均一な粉塵の飛散抑制効果を得る点や作業性などの点で、上記水性溶液を疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料に散布するのが好ましく、均一に散布されるように噴霧または滴下するのが好ましく、疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料への上記水性溶液の均一な散布の点で噴霧するのが特に好ましい。
また、疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料の形態によっては、疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料に上記水性溶液を塗布しても、上記水性溶液中に疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料を浸漬通過させてもよい。
In the method of the present invention, an aqueous solution containing the scattering inhibitor of the present invention containing glycerin and a nonionic surfactant represented by the above general formula (I) in a hydrophobic solid fuel and / or a steel raw material. However, the method is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the state of the hydrophobic solid fuel and / or the steel raw material and the surrounding conditions. It is preferable to spray the aqueous solution on the hydrophobic solid fuel and / or the steel raw material in terms of obtaining a uniform dust scattering suppressing effect and workability, and the solution is sprayed or dropped so as to be uniformly sprayed. Is preferable, and spraying is particularly preferable in terms of uniform application of the above aqueous solution to a hydrophobic solid fuel and / or a steel raw material.
Further, depending on the form of the hydrophobic solid fuel and / or the steel raw material, even if the aqueous solution is applied to the hydrophobic solid fuel and / or the steel raw material, the hydrophobic solid fuel and / or is contained in the aqueous solution. The steel raw material may be immersed and passed through.
本発明の飛散抑制方法が用いられる対象は、本発明の飛散抑制剤が用いられる対象と同様に、疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料であればよく、好適な疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料の態様も、本発明の飛散抑制剤が用いられる対象と同様である。 The object to which the scattering inhibitor of the present invention is used may be a hydrophobic solid fuel and / or a steel raw material as in the subject to which the scattering inhibitor of the present invention is used, and a suitable hydrophobic solid fuel and / Alternatively, the aspect of the steel raw material is the same as that of the object in which the scattering inhibitor of the present invention is used.
本明細書において「X~Y」の数値範囲の表現は、X以上Y以下の数値範囲を示すものである。例えば、「1~10」の表現は、「1以上10以下」の数値範囲を示す表現である。 In the present specification, the expression of the numerical range of "X to Y" indicates a numerical range of X or more and Y or less. For example, the expression "1 to 10" is an expression indicating a numerical range of "1 or more and 10 or less".
本発明を実施例により具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらにより限定されるものではない。なお、下記の試験例では、水として大阪市水を用いた。「%」は全て「重量%」である。また、以下の実施例及び比較例では、疎水性の固体燃料及び/又は鉄鋼原料として、疎水性のバインダーであるタール分を含む石炭を用いて試験を行ったが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。 The present invention will be specifically described with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In the following test example, Osaka city water was used as water. All "%" are "% by weight". Further, in the following Examples and Comparative Examples, the test was carried out using coal containing tar, which is a hydrophobic binder, as a hydrophobic solid fuel and / or a steel raw material, but the present invention is limited thereto. It's not something.
<実施例1~7、比較例1~8>
ベルトコンベヤでの輸送時等における石炭の落下粉塵を抑制するためには、タール分を含む石炭内に飛散抑制剤(以下、単に「薬剤」ともいう。)を浸透させる必要がある。また、落下粉塵の抑制効果の評価は、薬剤のタールを含む石炭への浸透性の確認に加え、現実の落下を伴う試験を行い、粉塵飛散抑制効果の評価を行った。具体的に、以下の試験例1により薬剤のタールを含む石炭への浸透性確認を行い、また、試験例2によりタールを含む石炭の落下粉塵を評価した。
<Examples 1 to 7, Comparative Examples 1 to 8>
In order to suppress falling dust of coal during transportation by a belt conveyor, it is necessary to infiltrate a scattering inhibitor (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “drug”) into the coal containing tar. In addition, in the evaluation of the effect of suppressing falling dust, in addition to confirming the permeability of the chemical into coal containing tar, a test involving actual falling was conducted to evaluate the effect of suppressing dust scattering. Specifically, the permeability of the chemical to coal containing tar was confirmed by Test Example 1 below, and the falling dust of coal containing tar was evaluated by Test Example 2.
(試験例1:タールを含む石炭への浸透性確認)
(試験手順)
1)某貯炭場で採取した石炭にタールを添加し、105℃で24時間乾燥した後、ハンドクラッシャーを用いて粉砕した。目開き106μmの篩を通過した微粉炭を準備した。
2)300mlビーカーに表2に示す実施例及び比較例にかかる薬剤を所定の重量パーセント濃度(0.2%、0.4%、0.8%)となるように加え、水道水(大阪市水)で全量を300gとした。なお、下記表2に示される界面活性剤は、下記表1に示される界面活性剤である。
3)先に準備した微粉炭0.5gをこの実施例及び比較例にかかる各薬剤水溶液の水面に静かに浮かべた。
4)薬剤水溶液の水面に浮かべた微粉炭が全量、薬剤水溶液の水面から薬剤水溶液内に沈降するまでの時間を測定し、5段階で評価した。なお、タールを含む石炭の表面は疎水性で水を弾くため、薬剤が添加されていないBlankの水においては、24時間沈降しなかった。
(Test Example 1: Confirmation of permeability to coal containing tar)
(Procedure of test)
1) Tar was added to the coal collected at a certain coal storage yard, dried at 105 ° C. for 24 hours, and then crushed using a hand crusher. The pulverized coal that passed through a sieve with an opening of 106 μm was prepared.
2) Add the chemicals according to Examples and Comparative Examples shown in Table 2 to a 300 ml beaker so as to have a predetermined weight percent concentration (0.2%, 0.4%, 0.8%), and tap water (Osaka City). Water) to make the total amount 300 g. The surfactant shown in Table 2 below is the surfactant shown in Table 1 below.
3) 0.5 g of the pulverized coal prepared earlier was gently floated on the water surface of each chemical aqueous solution according to this Example and Comparative Example.
4) The total amount of pulverized coal floating on the water surface of the chemical aqueous solution and the time required for the pulverized coal to settle from the water surface of the chemical aqueous solution into the chemical aqueous solution were measured and evaluated in five stages. Since the surface of coal containing tar is hydrophobic and repels water, it did not settle in the water of Blank to which no chemical was added for 24 hours.
(評価基準)
1:1分未満
2:1分以上2分未満
3:2分以上3分未満
4:3分以上5分未満
5:5分以上
沈降速度が速いほど、浸透性が高いため、評価基準が1であることが最も好ましい。得られた結果を下記表3に示す。
(Evaluation criteria)
Less than 1: 1 minute 2: 1 minute or more and less than 2 minutes 3: 2 minutes or more and less than 3 minutes 4: 3 minutes or more and less than 5 minutes 5: 5 minutes or more The faster the sedimentation speed, the higher the permeability, so the evaluation standard is 1. Is most preferable. The obtained results are shown in Table 3 below.
<試験例2:粉塵評価(卓上試験)>
(試験手順)
1)上記試験例1の試験手順1)で調製した微粉炭を30gはかりとった。
2)上記表2に示す実施例及び比較例にかかる薬剤を2重量パーセント濃度で含む、実施例及び比較例にかかる薬剤水溶液(水は大阪市水)を調製し、準備した微粉炭の重量に対し、実施例及び比較例にかかる薬剤水溶液を3%加えて混ぜ合わせた後、高さ50cmから落下させた。なお、薬剤が混合された微粉炭の落下は、図1に示すような透明円筒体内で行われ、落下は上記円筒体の中心部にて行われた。
3)落下で飛散した粉塵を光散乱方式デジタル粉塵計(柴田科学製 LD-5D型)で計測し、粉塵の相対濃度(CPM=1分当たりのカウント値)を求めた。
4)下記計算式に基づき、粉塵飛散抑制率(%)を求めた。
(計算式)
粉塵飛散抑制率(%)=[水のみを添加した微粉炭から生じた粉塵の相対濃度(CPM)-薬剤水溶液を添加した微粉炭から生じた粉塵の相対濃度(CPM)]/水のみを添加した微粉炭から生じた粉塵の相対濃度(CPM)×100
得られた結果を下記表3に示す。
<Test Example 2: Dust evaluation (desktop test)>
(Procedure of test)
1) 30 g of pulverized coal prepared in the test procedure 1) of Test Example 1 was weighed.
2) An aqueous solution of the chemicals according to the examples and the comparative examples (water is Osaka city water) containing the chemicals according to the examples and the comparative examples shown in Table 2 above at a concentration of 2% by weight was prepared, and the weight of the prepared pulverized coal was adjusted. On the other hand, 3% of the aqueous chemical solution according to Examples and Comparative Examples was added and mixed, and then the solution was dropped from a height of 50 cm. The pulverized coal mixed with the chemicals was dropped in a transparent cylinder as shown in FIG. 1, and the pulverized coal was dropped in the center of the cylinder.
3) The dust scattered by the fall was measured with a light scattering type digital dust meter (LD-5D type manufactured by Shibata Scientific Technology), and the relative concentration of the dust (CPM = count value per minute) was determined.
4) The dust scattering suppression rate (%) was calculated based on the following formula.
(a formula)
Dust scattering suppression rate (%) = [Relative concentration of dust generated from pulverized coal to which only water is added (CPM) -Relative concentration of dust generated from pulverized coal to which an aqueous chemical solution is added (CPM)] / Add only water Relative concentration of dust generated from pulverized coal (CPM) x 100
The obtained results are shown in Table 3 below.
上記表3の試験例1の結果から、実施例1~7にかかる薬剤を用いた場合、タール分を含む石炭の微粉炭に対し、薬剤水溶液が効果的に浸透することを確認した。また、実施例1~7にかかる薬剤を用いた場合、薬剤水溶液における薬剤の濃度が0.4重量%以上の場合に、より効果的にタール分を含む石炭の微粉体に対し、実施例1~7にかかる薬剤が浸透することを確認した。
上記表3の試験例2の結果から、実施例1~7にかかる薬剤水溶液は、タール分を含む石炭の微粉炭の粉塵飛散抑制率がいずれも50%以上であり、優れた粉塵飛散抑制効果を示すことを確認した。
一方で、上記表3の試験例1の結果から、比較例7にかかる薬剤水溶液は、実施例1~7にかかる薬剤水溶液と同様に優れた浸透性を示したが、試験例2における粉塵飛散抑制率が10%未満であり、粉塵飛散抑制効果を示さなかった。比較例7にかかる薬剤は、グリセリンを含有しないため、所望の粉塵飛散抑制効果を示さなかったと考えられる。
From the results of Test Example 1 in Table 3 above, it was confirmed that when the chemicals according to Examples 1 to 7 were used, the aqueous chemical solution effectively permeated into the pulverized coal of coal containing tar. Further, when the chemicals according to Examples 1 to 7 are used, when the concentration of the chemical in the aqueous chemical solution is 0.4% by weight or more, the fine powder of coal containing tar content is more effectively compared with Example 1. It was confirmed that the drugs related to 7 permeate.
From the results of Test Example 2 in Table 3 above, the chemical aqueous solutions according to Examples 1 to 7 have a dust scattering suppression rate of 50% or more for coal pulverized coal containing tar, and have an excellent dust scattering suppression effect. It was confirmed that
On the other hand, from the results of Test Example 1 in Table 3 above, the aqueous chemical solution according to Comparative Example 7 showed excellent permeability similar to the aqueous chemical solution according to Examples 1 to 7, but dust scattering in Test Example 2 was observed. The suppression rate was less than 10%, and the effect of suppressing dust scattering was not shown. Since the drug according to Comparative Example 7 does not contain glycerin, it is considered that it did not show the desired dust scattering suppressing effect.
<試験例3:実施例2、比較例1:実機による粉塵評価>
某貯炭場のタール分を含む石炭を移送するベルトコンベヤ周りで試験を実施した。
(試験手順)
1)上記表2に記載の実施例2及び比較例1にかかる薬剤を0.5%含む希釈液を調製した後、石炭輸送ラインにあるタール分を含む石炭(0.3mm以下の微粉炭からこぶし大等様々な大きさを含有する)に対し、得られた各希釈液を噴霧した。噴霧量は、タール分を含む石炭の重量に対し、0.5重量%であった。
2)粉塵評価を行う場所に、白色のシート版を設置し、一定時間(5分間)で降り積もる粉塵を目視で確認した。
3)また、白色シートを設置した場所と同じ場所に、デジタル粉塵計(柴田科学製 LD-5D型)を設置して、粉塵の相対濃度(CPM)を求めた。
得られた結果を下記表4に示す。
<Test Example 3: Example 2, Comparative Example 1: Dust evaluation using an actual machine>
A test was conducted around a belt conveyor that transfers coal containing tar in a coal storage yard.
(Procedure of test)
1) After preparing a diluted solution containing 0.5% of the chemicals according to Example 2 and Comparative Example 1 shown in Table 2 above, coal containing tar content (from pulverized coal of 0.3 mm or less) in the coal transportation line. Each of the obtained diluents was sprayed onto (containing various sizes such as fist size). The spray amount was 0.5% by weight with respect to the weight of the coal containing the tar content.
2) A white sheet plate was installed at the place where the dust was evaluated, and the dust accumulated in a certain period of time (5 minutes) was visually confirmed.
3) In addition, a digital dust meter (LD-5D type manufactured by Shibata Scientific Technology) was installed in the same place where the white sheet was installed, and the relative concentration (CPM) of the dust was determined.
The obtained results are shown in Table 4 below.
表4の結果から、実機においても、実施例2にかかる薬剤を用いた場合に、タール分を含む石炭の粉塵飛散が明らかに少なく、タール分を含む石炭の粉塵飛散を顕著に抑制することができた。一方で、グリセリンのみを含有する比較例1にかかる薬剤を用いた場合には、タール分を含む石炭の粉塵飛散があまり抑制されていなかった。本結果から、実施例2にかかる薬剤のみではなく、卓上試験において実施例2と同等に粉塵飛散抑制効果を示した実施例1~7にかかる薬剤についても、効果的に、タール分を含む石炭の粉塵を抑制することができることを確認した。 From the results in Table 4, even in the actual machine, when the chemical according to Example 2 is used, the dust scattering of the coal containing the tar content is clearly small, and the dust scattering of the coal containing the tar content can be remarkably suppressed. did it. On the other hand, when the agent according to Comparative Example 1 containing only glycerin was used, the scattering of dust of coal containing a tar content was not so suppressed. From this result, not only the chemicals according to Example 2, but also the chemicals according to Examples 1 to 7, which showed the same dust scattering suppressing effect as Example 2 in the tabletop test, were effectively coal containing tar. It was confirmed that the dust of the coal can be suppressed.
<試験例4:石油コークスへの浸透性確認>
(試験手順)
1)某製油所で採取した石油コークスを105℃で24時間乾燥した後、ハンドクラッシャーを用いて粉砕した。目開き500μmの篩を通過した微粉石油コークスを準備した。
2)300mlビーカーに表2に示す実施例及び比較例にかかる薬剤(実施例1、3、5及び6、並びに、比較例1、5及び6)を、それぞれ所定の重量パーセント濃度(1.0%、1.5%、2.0%)となるように加え、水道水(大阪市水)で全量を300gとした。なお、表2に示される界面活性剤は、表1に示される界面活性剤である。
3)先に準備した微粉石油コークス0.5gをこの実施例及び比較例にかかる各薬剤水溶液の水面に静かに浮かべた。
4)薬剤水溶液の水面に浮かべた微粉石油コークスが全量、薬剤水溶液の水面から薬剤水溶液内に沈降するまでの時間を測定し、5段階で評価した。なお、評価基準は試験例1における評価基準と同じである。
得られた結果を下記表5に示す。なお、微粉石油コークスは石油由来であり、表面は疎水性で水を弾くため、薬剤が添加されていないBlankの水においては、24時間沈降しなかった。
<Test Example 4: Confirmation of permeability to petroleum coke>
(Procedure of test)
1) Petroleum coke collected at a certain refinery was dried at 105 ° C. for 24 hours and then crushed using a hand crusher. Fine petroleum coke that passed through a sieve with an opening of 500 μm was prepared.
2) In a 300 ml beaker, the chemicals (Examples 1, 3, 5 and 6 and Comparative Examples 1, 5 and 6) according to Examples and Comparative Examples shown in Table 2 were placed in a predetermined weight percent concentration (1.0), respectively. %, 1.5%, 2.0%), and the total amount of tap water (Osaka city water) was set to 300 g. The surfactant shown in Table 2 is the surfactant shown in Table 1.
3) 0.5 g of the finely divided petroleum coke prepared earlier was gently floated on the water surface of each chemical aqueous solution according to this Example and Comparative Example.
4) The total amount of fine petroleum coke floating on the surface of the aqueous solution of the drug was measured and the time until it settled in the solution of the drug from the surface of the solution of the drug was evaluated on a 5-point scale. The evaluation criteria are the same as the evaluation criteria in Test Example 1.
The obtained results are shown in Table 5 below. Since the fine petroleum coke is derived from petroleum and its surface is hydrophobic and repels water, it did not settle in the water of Blank to which no chemical was added for 24 hours.
<試験例5:粉塵評価(卓上試験)>
(試験手順)
1)上記試験例4の試験手順1)で調製した微粉石油コークスを30gはかりとった。
2)上記表2に示す実施例及び比較例にかかる薬剤(実施例1、3、5及び6、並びに、比較例1、5及び6)を4重量パーセント濃度で含む、実施例及び比較例にかかる薬剤水溶液(水は大阪市水)を調製し、準備した微粉石油コークスの重量に対し、実施例及び比較例にかかる薬剤水溶液を5重量%加えて混ぜ合わせた後、高さ50cmから落下させた。なお、薬剤が混合された微粉炭の落下は、図1に示すような透明円筒体内で行われ、落下は上記円筒体の中心部にて行われた。
3)落下で飛散した粉塵を光散乱方式デジタル粉塵計(柴田科学製 LD-5D型)で計測し、粉塵の相対濃度(CPM=1分当たりのカウント値)を求めた。
4)下記計算式に基づき、粉塵飛散抑制率(%)を求めた。
(計算式)
粉塵飛散抑制率(%)=[水のみを添加した微粉炭から生じた粉塵の相対濃度(CPM)-薬剤水溶液を添加した微粉炭から生じた粉塵の相対濃度(CPM)]/水のみを添加した微粉炭から生じた粉塵の相対濃度(CPM)×100
得られた結果を下記表5に示す。
<Test Example 5: Dust evaluation (desktop test)>
(Procedure of test)
1) 30 g of fine petroleum coke prepared in the test procedure 1) of Test Example 4 above was weighed.
2) Examples and Comparative Examples containing the agents (Examples 1, 3, 5 and 6 and Comparative Examples 1, 5 and 6) shown in Table 2 above in a concentration of 4% by weight. Such a chemical aqueous solution (water is Osaka city water) is prepared, 5% by weight of the chemical aqueous solution according to Examples and Comparative Examples is added to the weight of the prepared fine petroleum coke, mixed, and then dropped from a height of 50 cm. rice field. The pulverized coal mixed with the chemicals was dropped in a transparent cylinder as shown in FIG. 1, and the pulverized coal was dropped in the center of the cylinder.
3) The dust scattered by the fall was measured with a light scattering type digital dust meter (LD-5D type manufactured by Shibata Scientific Technology), and the relative concentration of the dust (CPM = count value per minute) was determined.
4) The dust scattering suppression rate (%) was calculated based on the following formula.
(a formula)
Dust scattering suppression rate (%) = [Relative concentration of dust generated from pulverized coal to which only water is added (CPM) -Relative concentration of dust generated from pulverized coal to which an aqueous chemical solution is added (CPM)] / Add only water Relative concentration of dust generated from pulverized coal (CPM) x 100
The obtained results are shown in Table 5 below.
上記表5の試験例4の結果から、実施例1、3、5及び6にかかる薬剤を用いた場合、微粉石油コークスに対し、薬剤水溶液が効果的に浸透することを確認した。また、実施例1、3、5及び6にかかる薬剤を用いた場合、薬剤水溶液における薬剤の濃度が1.0重量%以上の場合に、効果的に微粉石油コークスに対し、実施例1、3、5及び6にかかる薬剤が浸透することを確認した。
上記表5の試験例5の結果から、実施例1、3、5及び6にかかる薬剤水溶液は、微粉石油コークスの粉塵飛散抑制率がいずれも50%以上であり、優れた粉塵飛散抑制効果を示すことを確認した。
一方で、上記表5の試験例4の結果から、比較例1、5及び6にかかる薬剤水溶液は、いずれも微粉石油コークスに対する浸透性が悪く、試験例5における粉塵飛散抑制率が15%以下であり、粉塵飛散抑制効果を示さなかった。
From the results of Test Example 4 in Table 5 above, it was confirmed that when the chemicals according to Examples 1, 3, 5 and 6 were used, the aqueous chemical solution effectively permeated the fine petroleum coke. Further, when the chemicals according to Examples 1, 3, 5 and 6 are used, when the concentration of the chemical in the aqueous chemical solution is 1.0% by weight or more, the fine petroleum coke is effectively compared with Examples 1, 3 It was confirmed that the drugs related to 5 and 6 penetrated.
From the results of Test Example 5 in Table 5 above, the aqueous chemical solutions according to Examples 1, 3, 5 and 6 have a dust scattering suppression rate of 50% or more for fine petroleum coke powder, and have an excellent dust scattering suppression effect. Confirmed to show.
On the other hand, from the results of Test Example 4 in Table 5 above, the aqueous chemical solutions according to Comparative Examples 1, 5 and 6 have poor permeability to fine petroleum coke, and the dust scattering suppression rate in Test Example 5 is 15% or less. It did not show the effect of suppressing dust scattering.
<試験例6:農作物残渣廃棄物(PKS)の粉塵評価>
(試験手順)
1)某発電所で採取したパーム椰子の殻(PKS:Palm Kernel Shell)を105℃で24時間乾燥した後、ハンドクラッシャーを用いて粉砕した。そして、目開き500μmの篩を通過させ微粉PKSを準備した。
2)得られた微粉PKSを30gはかりとった。
3)上記表2に示す実施例及び比較例にかかる薬剤(実施例1、3、5及び6、並びに、比較例1、5及び6)を4重量パーセント濃度で含む、実施例及び比較例にかかる薬剤水溶液(水は大阪市水)を調製し、準備した微粉PKSの重量に対し、実施例及び比較例にかかる薬剤水溶液を5重量%加えて混ぜ合わせた後、高さ50cmから落下させた。なお、薬剤が混合された微粉炭の落下は、図1に示すような透明円筒体内で行われ、落下は上記円筒体の中心部にて行われた。
4)落下で飛散した粉塵を光散乱方式デジタル粉塵計(柴田科学製 LD-5D型)で計測し、粉塵の相対濃度(CPM=1分当たりのカウント値)を求めた。
5)下記計算式に基づき、粉塵飛散抑制率(%)を求めた。
(計算式)
粉塵飛散抑制率(%)=[水のみを添加した微粉炭から生じた粉塵の相対濃度(CPM)-薬剤水溶液を添加した微粉炭から生じた粉塵の相対濃度(CPM)]/水のみを添加した微粉炭から生じた粉塵の相対濃度(CPM)×100
得られた結果を下記表6に示す。なお、微粉PKSは繊維質を多く含むため、微粉PKSに対する薬剤水溶液の浸透性確認試験を行うことができなかった。
<Test Example 6: Dust evaluation of agricultural residue waste (PKS)>
(Procedure of test)
1) Palm kernel shell (PKS) collected at a certain power plant was dried at 105 ° C. for 24 hours and then crushed using a hand crusher. Then, a fine powder PKS was prepared by passing through a sieve having an opening of 500 μm.
2) 30 g of the obtained fine powder PKS was weighed.
3) Examples and Comparative Examples containing the agents (Examples 1, 3, 5 and 6 and Comparative Examples 1, 5 and 6) shown in Table 2 above in a concentration of 4% by weight. Such a chemical aqueous solution (water is Osaka city water) was prepared, 5% by weight of the chemical aqueous solution according to Examples and Comparative Examples was added to the weight of the prepared fine powder PKS, mixed, and then dropped from a height of 50 cm. .. The pulverized coal mixed with the chemicals was dropped in a transparent cylinder as shown in FIG. 1, and the pulverized coal was dropped in the center of the cylinder.
4) The dust scattered by the fall was measured with a light scattering type digital dust meter (LD-5D type manufactured by Shibata Scientific Technology), and the relative concentration of the dust (CPM = count value per minute) was determined.
5) The dust scattering suppression rate (%) was calculated based on the following formula.
(a formula)
Dust scattering suppression rate (%) = [Relative concentration of dust generated from pulverized coal to which only water is added (CPM) -Relative concentration of dust generated from pulverized coal to which an aqueous chemical solution is added (CPM)] / Add only water Relative concentration of dust generated from pulverized coal (CPM) x 100
The obtained results are shown in Table 6 below. Since the fine powder PKS contains a large amount of fiber, the permeability confirmation test of the aqueous chemical solution to the fine powder PKS could not be performed.
上記表6の試験例6の結果から、実施例1、3、5及び6にかかる薬剤水溶液は、微粉PKSの粉塵飛散抑制率がいずれも50%以上であり、優れた粉塵飛散抑制効果を示すことを確認した。
一方で、上記表6の試験例6の結果から、比較例1、5及び6に係る薬剤水溶液は、微粉PKSに対する粉塵飛散抑制率が20%以下であり、粉塵飛散抑制効果を示さなかった。
From the results of Test Example 6 in Table 6 above, the aqueous chemical solution according to Examples 1, 3, 5 and 6 has a dust scattering suppression rate of 50% or more for the fine powder PKS, and exhibits an excellent dust scattering suppression effect. It was confirmed.
On the other hand, from the results of Test Example 6 in Table 6 above, the aqueous chemical solution according to Comparative Examples 1, 5 and 6 had a dust scattering suppression rate of 20% or less with respect to the fine powder PKS, and did not show a dust scattering suppression effect.
1 薬剤が混合された微粉炭
2 ロート
3 透明円筒体
4 試料皿
5 粉塵計
1 Microcharcoal mixed with
Claims (4)
R1-O-(EO)m(PO)n-H (I)
(式中、R1は炭素数10~14のアルキル基を示し、(EO)m(PO)nはエチレンオキシド(EO)とプロピレンオキシド(PO)との付加物であり、m/nが、9/1~1/1であり、前記EOと前記POとはブロック状に付加していてもランダム状に付加していてもよい) A hydrophobic solid fuel and / or a dust scattering inhibitor for steel raw materials, which contains glycerin and a nonionic surfactant represented by the general formula (I).
R 1 -O- (EO) m (PO) n -H (I)
(In the formula, R 1 represents an alkyl group having 10 to 14 carbon atoms, (EO) m (PO) n is an adduct of ethylene oxide (EO) and propylene oxide (PO), and m / n is 9 It is 1/1 to 1/1, and the EO and the PO may be added in a block shape or randomly.)
The aqueous solution having a weight content of 0.05 to 5% by weight of the dust scattering inhibitor according to claim 1, 2 or 3 is applied to the hydrophobic solid fuel and / or the weight of the steel raw material at 0. A method for suppressing dust scattering of a hydrophobic solid fuel and / or a steel raw material to be brought into contact with 3 to 8% by weight.
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