JP2022026096A - Rotary motion mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

To propose a rotary motion mechanism that inputs vibration occurring in natural environment as external force, and converts the vibration into the rotary motion of an inertia body.SOLUTION: A rotary motion mechanism comprises: an autorotation shaft 2; an inertia body 1 that rotates in conjunction with the rotation of the autorotation shaft 2; a swing shafts 4a, 4b orthogonal to the axis direction of the autorotation shaft 2; a swing frame 3 that rotatably holds the autorotation shaft 2, where the swing frame 3 rotates the swing shafts 4a, 4b by the precession generated in the inertia body 1 in response to external force that tilts the autorotation shaft 2; a power transmission mechanism that accelerates the rotation of the swing shafts 4a, 4b and transmits it to the autorotation shaft, where the power transmission mechanism comprises a bevel gear mechanism that changes the direction of the rotary motion of the swing shafts 4a, 4b to the rotary motion of the autorotation shaft 2; and one-way clutches 6a, 6b that transmit the rotation of the swing shafts 4a, 4b to the power transmission mechanism only when the rotation directions of the swing shafts 4a, 4b coincide with a specific one direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a rotational movement mechanism that accelerates the rotation of an inertial body by using a precession generated in the inertial body in response to an external force that tilts the rotation axis of the inertial body that rotates around the rotation axis.

Research and development on energy harvesting that collects (harvesting) minute energy existing in the natural environment in various forms such as light, heat, vibration, and radio waves and converts it into electric power is underway. In this kind of energy harvesting, various ideas including technologies applying thermoelectric effect, piezoelectric effect, pyroelectric effect, etc. are being studied, and at present, electromagnetic induction that converts mechanical energy into electric power energy is being studied. It is known that the energy conversion efficiency of the technology applying the above is high. In the technology applying such electromagnetic induction, for example, a mechanism for converting reciprocating motion or rocking motion into electrical energy can be considered, but the energy conversion efficiency of the mechanism for converting rotational motion into electrical energy is particularly high. Are known. Therefore, how to efficiently convert mechanical energy such as vibrations and ocean currents generated in the natural environment into rotational motion becomes an important issue. As an example of a rotary motion mechanism that converts mechanical energy into rotary motion, for example, as shown in Patent Documents 1 to 3, a mechanism that utilizes the gyro effect is known.

U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 3726146 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-217284 JP-A-2019-146477

Patent Document 1 proposes a mechanism for converting precession due to the gyro effect into rotation of a flywheel by friction with a rail. Since this mechanism increases the rotation in the same direction, it requires precession rotation in the same direction and generates gyro torque in the same direction. Therefore, it is necessary to make the motion of the rail surface that guides the rotation axis of the inertial body a tilting vibration that reverses in synchronization with a conical (tilted) constant rotation or precession rotation. Therefore, there is a problem that the rotation does not accelerate due to random vibration in the natural world.

Patent Document 2 proposes a mechanism in which a weight is attached to a suspension mechanism to increase the movement of the center of gravity due to waves and to greatly continue the sway. It is possible to further develop this oscillating motion to generate one-way rotational motion by combining plane gears, differential gears, and claw wheels, and a power generation device that utilizes motion with six degrees of freedom has also been put into practical use. Preparations are underway. Since this mechanism uses the inertial force of a simple pendulum as the driving force for rotation, its magnitude is the degree of the product of the mass of the weight and the input acceleration. Unlike the gyro effect, the inertial force is increased by the rotation of the weight. Therefore, there is a problem that the inertial force is remarkably small as compared with Dynaby and the like.

Patent Document 3 proposes a mechanism that inputs random vibrations generated in the natural world and realizes an increase in rotation speed by utilizing precession. In this mechanism, it is necessary to increase the diameter of the rail that guides the axis of rotation in order to accelerate the rotation of the inertial body, and the mechanism, particularly the assembly and mounting thereof, is complicated and has a problem in maintainability.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems and to propose a rotational motion mechanism that inputs vibration generated in a natural environment as an external force and converts it into rotational motion of an inertial body.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the rotational motion mechanism according to the present invention is (i) a rotating shaft, (ii) an inertial body that rotates in conjunction with the rotation of the rotating shaft, and (iii) a swinging shaft. , The axis direction of the swing axis is a swing frame that is orthogonal to the axis direction of the rotation axis and holds the swing axis and (iv) the rotation axis rotatably, and responds to an external force that tilts the rotation axis. A swing frame that rotates the swing shaft by the aging motion generated in the inertial body, and (v) a power transmission mechanism that accelerates the rotation of the swing shaft and transmits it to the rotation shaft. A power transmission mechanism equipped with a bevel gear mechanism that converts the rotational movement into the rotational movement of the rotation shaft, and (vi) power the rotation of the swing shaft only when the rotation direction of the swing shaft coincides with a specific direction. It is equipped with a one-way clutch that transmits to the transmission mechanism. According to such a configuration, the rotation of the swing shaft caused by the aging motion of the inertial body can be used to obtain the power to rotate the inertial body in a specific direction through the one-way clutch, so that the natural environment can be obtained. The vibration energy generated in the above can be efficiently converted into rotary motion.

Since the rotation speed of the rotation shaft constituting the power transmission mechanism is faster than the rotation speed of the swing shaft, the one-way clutch may be directly attached to the swing shaft from the viewpoint of reducing energy loss.

According to the rotational motion mechanism according to the present invention, vibration generated in a natural environment can be input as an external force and efficiently converted into rotational motion of an inertial body.

It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the structure of the rotary motion mechanism which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the structure of the rotary motion mechanism which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Here, the same reference numerals indicate the same components, and duplicate description will be omitted.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the configuration of the rotary motion mechanism 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The rotary motion mechanism 100 includes an inertial body 1, a rotating shaft 2, a swing frame 3, a swing shaft 4a, 4b, a housing 5, a one-way clutch 6a, 6b, spur gears 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, a drive shaft 9a, 9b and bevel gears 10a, 10b, 11 are provided. For convenience of explanation, the direction parallel to the axis direction of the rotation axis 2 is defined as the X direction, and the two directions orthogonal to the X direction are defined as the Y direction and the Z direction. Further, the axes parallel to each of the X direction, the Y direction, and the Z direction are referred to as the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis.

The inertial body 1 is an object having a predetermined inertial mass, and may have, for example, two main surfaces parallel to the YZ plane and a disk-shaped shape having a thickness in the X direction. The inertial body 1 is connected to the rotation axis 2 and rotates in conjunction with the rotation of the rotation axis 2.

The axis directions (Y direction) of the swing axes 4a and 4b are arranged so as to be orthogonal to the axis direction (X direction) of the rotation axis 2. Similarly, the axis directions (Y direction) of the drive shafts 9a and 9b are arranged so as to be orthogonal to the axis direction (X direction) of the rotation axis 2. The swing frame 3 rotatably holds each of the rotation shaft 2 and the drive shafts 9a and 9b. The swing shafts 4a and 4b are fixed to the swing frame 3. The housing 5 rotatably holds the oscillating shafts 4a and 4b, accommodates the oscillating frame 3 inside, and rotatably holds the oscillating frame 3 around the oscillating shafts 4a and 4b.

The one-way clutch 6a is attached to the swing shaft 4a. Similarly, the one-way clutch 6b is attached to the swing shaft 4b. The spur gear 7a is attached to the swing shaft 4a with the one-way clutch 6a as a bearing. Similarly, the spur gear 7b is attached to the swing shaft 4b with the one-way clutch 6b as a bearing.

The spur gear 8a is attached to one end of the drive shaft 9a, and the bevel gear 10a is attached to the other end of the drive shaft 9a. Similarly, the spur gear 8b is attached to one end of the drive shaft 9b, and the bevel gear 10b is attached to the other end of the drive shaft 9b. The spur gears 7a and 8a are attached so as to mesh with each other. Similarly, the spur gears 7b and 8b are attached so as to mesh with each other.

The inertial body 1 is attached to a part of the rotation shaft 2 so as to rotate in conjunction with the rotation of the rotation shaft 2. Further, one end of the rotation shaft 2 is attached to the bevel gear 11. The bevel gears 10a and 10b are attached so as to mesh with the bevel gear 11, respectively.

The spur gears 7a and 7b are only allowed to rotate in opposite directions by the one-way clutches 6a and 6b. For example, if the one-way clutch 6a slips and the one-way clutch 6b meshes when the swing shafts 4a and 4b rotate in the CW direction (clockwise), the spur gear 7a slips and the spur gear 7b faces the CW. Rotate to. When the spur gear 7b rotates in the CW direction, the spur gear 8b meshing with the spur gear 7b rotates in the CCW direction (counterclockwise). Since the number of teeth of the spur gear 8b is smaller than the number of teeth of the spur gear 7b, the rotation speed of the spur gear 8b becomes faster than the rotation speed of the spur gear 7b according to the ratio of the number of teeth of both. The rotational torque of the spur gear 8b is transmitted to the bevel gear 10b through the drive shaft 9b. When the spur gear 8b rotates in the CCW direction, the bevel gear 10b also rotates in the CCW direction. When the bevel gear 10b rotates in the CCW direction, the bevel gear 11 rotates in the CW direction. When the bevel gear 11 rotates in the CW direction, the inertial body 1 also rotates in the CW direction.

The rotational movement of the bevel gear 11 toward CW causes the spur gear 7a to rotate toward CCW through the bevel gear 10a, the drive shaft 9a, and the spur gear 8a. As a result, the rotation direction of the swing shaft 4a (CW direction) and the rotation direction of the spur gear 7a (CCW direction) are opposite to each other, but due to the function of the one-way clutch 6a, the rotation of the swing shaft 4a A slip occurs between the spur gear 7a and the rotation of the spur gear 7a, and the rotation of the swing shaft 4a is not hindered.

On the other hand, when the swing shafts 4a and 4b rotate in the CCW direction, the one-way clutch 6b slips and the one-way clutch 6a engages. As a result, the spur gear 7b spins idly, and the spur gear 7a rotates in the CCW direction. As a result, the spur gears 8a and the bevel gears 10a and 11 rotate in the CW direction, respectively, and the inertial body 1 also rotates in the CW direction. The rotation direction of the swing shaft 4b (toward CCW) and the rotation direction of the spur gear 7b (toward CW) are opposite to each other, but due to the function of the one-way clutch 6b, the rotation of the swing shaft 4b is flat. A slip occurs between the rotation of the gear 7b and the rotation of the swing shaft 4b is not hindered.

As described above, when the inertial body 1 is stationary in its initial state and an external force (for example, vibration generated in a natural environment) for rotating the swing shafts 4a and 4b is applied, the swing shafts 4a and 4b rotate. Regardless of the direction, the inertial body 1 starts to rotate in one direction (for example, toward CW). When the swing shafts 4a and 4b are rotated in the CW direction, the one-way clutch 6b slips and the one-way clutch 6a is set to mesh with each other. When an external force (for example, vibration generated in a natural environment) that rotates the shafts 4a and 4b is applied, the inertial body 1 rotates in one direction (for example, for CCW) regardless of the rotation direction of the swing shafts 4a and 4b. start.

When the external force that tilts the rotation axis 2 acts around the Z axis due to the vibration generated in the natural environment under the state where the inertial body 1 is rotating, the gyro effect causes the inertial body 1 to be in the X direction and the Z direction. A gyro moment that causes rotation around the Y axis perpendicular to is acting. The gyro moment is proportional to the angular momentum of the inertial body 1. Due to this gyro moment, the inertial body 1 precesses. The precession of the inertial body 1 causes the swing frame 3 to rotate about the Y axis. Since the swing shafts 4a and 4b are fixed to the swing frame 3, the swing shafts 4a and 4b rotate around the Y axis due to the precession of the inertial body 1. The rotation direction of the inertial body 1 when an external force for tilting the rotation shaft 2 acts around the Z axis is one direction regardless of the rotation directions of the swing shafts 4a and 4b.

In this way, when the external force that tilts the rotation axis 2 acts around the Z axis under the state where the inertial body 1 is rotating, the inertial body 1 starts precession and the swing axes 4a and 4b. Begins to swing and rotate. Due to this oscillating rotation, the spur gears 7a and 7b start to rotate in one direction, respectively, and the rotational motion is accelerated by the spur gears 8a and 8b. The increased rotational motion is transmitted to the bevel gear 11 through the bevel gears 10a and 10b, and the rotational motion of the inertial body 1 is accelerated.

In order for the inertial body 1 to precess in response to an external force around the Z axis that tilts the rotation axis 2, the inertial body 1 needs to rotate around the rotation axis 2 in its initial state. .. In order to rotate the inertial body 1, some external force may be applied to the inertial body 1 to forcibly rotate the inertial body 1, or the swing frame 3 and the housing 5 are relative to each other. Rotational motion may be forcibly applied. The forced rotation of the inertial body 1 may be performed only in the initial state before the precession movement starts. After the inertial body 1 starts the precession, the rotational movement of the inertial body 1 is gradually amplified according to the above-mentioned principle, so that it is not necessary to forcibly rotate the inertial body 1. When the inertial body 1 is stationary in its initial state and an external force for rotating the swing shafts 4a and 4b is applied, the inertial body 1 becomes one regardless of the rotation direction of the swing shafts 4a and 4b. It starts to rotate in the direction. Therefore, the rotational motion of the inertial body 1 may be generated by utilizing the external force that rotates the swing shafts 4a and 4b.

The spur gears 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, drive shafts 9a, 9b, and bevel gears 10a, 10b, 11 are power transmission mechanisms that accelerate the rotation of the swing shafts 4a, 4b and transmit them to the rotation shaft 2. Functions as. The one-way clutch 6b transmits the rotation of the swing shafts 4a and 4b to the power transmission mechanism only when the rotation directions of the swing shafts 4a and 4b coincide with a specific one direction (for example, the CW direction). Similarly, the one-way clutch 6a transmits the rotation of the swing shafts 4a and 4b to the power transmission mechanism only when the rotation directions of the swing shafts 4a and 4b coincide with a specific one direction (for example, the direction of CCW).

Further, the bevel gears 10a, 10b, 11 are the rotational movement of the swing shafts 4a, 4b and the rotational movement parallel to the rotational movement (for example, the rotation of the spur gears 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, and the drive shafts 9a, 9b). It functions as a bevel gear mechanism that changes the direction of the motion) into the rotational motion of the rotation axis 2.

In the example shown in FIG. 1, the combination of spur gears 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b is exemplified as an example of the power transmission mechanism, but instead of the combination of spur gears 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, there are multiple stages. A combination of spur gears may be used, or a combination of a belt and a pulley may be used instead of the combination of spur gears 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b.

Further, as an example of using the ratio of the number of teeth of the spur gears 7a and 7b to the number of teeth of the spur gears 8a and 8b as a mechanism for accelerating the rotational movement of the inertial body 1, an example of using the ratio of the number of teeth of the spur gears 8a and 8b is illustrated. The rotational movement of the inertial body 1 may be accelerated by using the ratio between the number and the number of teeth of the bevel gear 11, or a gear mechanism may be provided between the bevel gear 11 and the rotation shaft 2 to provide the inertial body 1. The rotational movement may be accelerated.

Further, in the example shown in FIG. 1, an example in which the one-way clutches 6a and 6b are directly attached to the swing shafts 4a and 4b is shown, but the one-way clutches 6a and 6b are directly attached to the drive shafts 9a and 9b. However, it can perform the same function as the configuration shown in FIG. In addition, "directly mounting" means mounting without using a transmission mechanism (for example, a gear, a pulley, a belt, etc.).

The one-way clutches 6a and 6b repeat sliding and meshing according to the rotation direction of the swing shafts 4a and 4b. When the one-way clutches 6a and 6b slip, a slight friction is generated. Since the energy loss due to friction is proportional to the sliding speed, it is desirable to attach the one-way clutches 6a and 6b to a rotating shaft having a relatively low rotational speed. In the example shown in FIG. 1, since the rotation speeds of the swing shafts 4a and 4b are lower than the rotation speeds of the drive shafts 9a and 9b, the one-way clutches 6a and 6b are driven from the viewpoint of reducing energy loss. It is preferable to directly attach the one-way clutches 6a and 6b to the swing shafts 4a and 4b rather than directly attaching them to the shafts 9a and 9b.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the configuration of the rotary motion mechanism 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The rotary motion mechanism 200 includes an inertial body 1, a rotating shaft 2, a swing frame 3, a housing 5, one-way clutches 6a, 6b, drive shafts 9a, 9b, and bevel gears 10a, 10b, 11. The rotary motion mechanism 200 differs from the rotary motion mechanism 100 in that the one-way clutches 6a and 6b are directly attached to the drive shafts 9a and 9b. Further, the rotary motion mechanism 200 is different from the rotary motion mechanism 100 in that the swing shafts 4a and 4b and the spur gears 7a, 7b, 8a and 8b are not provided. The bevel gears 10a, 10b, 11 function as a power transmission mechanism that accelerates the rotation of the drive shafts 9a, 9b and transmits the rotation to the rotation shaft 2, and also causes the rotational movement of the drive shafts 9a, 9b to be transmitted to the rotation shaft 2. It also functions as a bevel gear mechanism that changes direction to rotary motion. In the following description, the differences between the first and second embodiments will be mainly described, and the detailed description of the points of agreement between the two will be omitted.

When an external force that tilts the rotation axis 2 acts around the Z axis due to vibration generated in the natural environment, a gyro moment that causes rotation around the Y axis orthogonal to the X direction and the Z direction acts on the inertial body 1 due to the gyro effect. do. Due to this gyro moment, the inertial body 1 precesses. The drive shafts 9a and 9b rotate around the Y axis due to the precession of the inertial body 1. The drive shafts 9a and 9b of FIG. 2 have the same functions as those of the swing shafts 4a and 4b of FIG. 1, and the drive shafts 9a and 9b of FIG. 2 can also be referred to as swing shafts.

The rotation direction of the inertial body 1 is limited to one direction by the functions of the one-way clutches 6a and 6b. The direction in which the bevel gears 10a and 10b rotate when the inertial body 1 does not precess and only rotates around the rotation axis 2 is called a positive rotation direction. Let ωa and ωb be the rotational speeds of the bevel gears 10a and 10b with respect to the respective housings 5, and let ωs be the rotation speed of the inertial body 1. Is ωp, and the reduction ratio between the bevel gears 10a and 10b and the bevel gear 11 is Z, the following equation is established.

ωa = ωs / Z + ωp ... (1)
ωb = ωs / Z-ωp ... (2)

When the precession rotation accelerates and ωp and ωs / Z become equal, the rotation of the bevel gear 10b stops. When the precession is further accelerated, the drive shaft 9b meshes with the one-way clutch 6b. Since the one-way clutch 6b is fixed to the housing 5, the rotation of the drive shaft 9b is transmitted to the bevel gear 11 through the bevel gear 10b. As a result, the rotational movement of the inertial body 1 is accelerated. At this time, the drive shaft 9a idles.

When the precession rotation motion is reversed and accelerated, and ωp and ωs / Z become equal, the rotation of the bevel gear 10a is stopped. When the precession is further accelerated, the drive shaft 9a meshes with the one-way clutch 6a. Since the one-way clutch 6a is fixed to the housing 5, the rotation of the drive shaft 9a is transmitted to the bevel gear 11 through the bevel gear 10a. As a result, the rotational movement of the inertial body 1 is accelerated. At this time, the drive shaft 9b idles.

As described above, when the precession rotation motion becomes large, the rotation of the inertial body 1 is accelerated regardless of the direction of the precession rotation motion. The maximum rotation speed of the inertial body 1 is determined by Zωp.

The bevel gears 10a, 10b, 11 function as a power transmission mechanism that accelerates the rotation of the drive shafts 9a, 9b and transmits the rotation to the rotation shaft 2.

According to the above-mentioned rotational motion mechanisms 100 and 200, vibration generated in a natural environment can be input as an external force, and this can be converted into rotational motion of the inertial body 1 and accelerated. In particular, from the rotation of the swing shafts 4a and 4b (or the rotation of the drive shafts 9a and 9b) caused by the aging motion of the inertial body 1, the inertial body 1 is moved in a specific one direction through the one-way clutches 6a and 6b. Since the power to rotate can be obtained, the vibration energy generated in the natural environment can be efficiently converted into rotary motion. When the rotation speed of the inertial body 1 is increased, the amplitude of the aging vibration is increased, and the rotation speed of the inertial body 1 is exponentially increased by the mechanism of the positive feedback system in which the rotation of the inertial body 1 is further accelerated. As a result, it is possible to input a very slight vibration or vibration generated in the natural environment as an external force, and convert and accelerate this into the rotational motion of the inertial body 1.

For example, by attaching a magnet to the inertial body 1 and attaching a coil to the swing frame 3, the rotational motion mechanisms 100 and 200 function as a generator that converts the rotational motion of the inertial body 1 into electrical energy. The rotary motion mechanism 100, 200 may be attached to various vibration sources (for example, human body, livestock animal, wild animal, bamboo grove, agricultural area, ship, mobile vehicle, etc.). Further, the rotary motion mechanisms 100 and 200 can also be used as a power source for various IoT (Internet of Things) devices that do not require batteries. As an example of the IoT device, for example, various sensors such as a speedometer, a thermo-hygrometer, an illuminance meter, a water flow meter, and a salinity meter can be considered.

Further, for example, the rotary motion mechanisms 100 and 200 can also be used for converting natural energy such as a water stream or a sea stream that swings with a large kinetic energy such as on the water or underwater into electric energy. It can be effectively and widely used in places where maintenance and replacement of the battery is difficult. This is significant in combination with the progress of wide area wireless communication such as LPWA (Low Power Wide Area). For example, by incorporating the rotational motion mechanisms 100 and 200 into a fixed net observation buoy (for example, a buoy of about 0.2 m ³ ) in coastal fisheries, the wave power of the ocean generates about 20 W of electric power for fishery detection and radio. It can function as a power source for communication equipment.

Further, according to the rotary motion mechanisms 100 and 200, since a large rail for guiding the rotation axis 2 is not required, the size can be reduced.

It should be noted that the embodiments described above are for facilitating the understanding of the present invention, and are not for limiting the interpretation of the present invention. The present invention can be modified or improved without departing from the spirit thereof, and the present invention also includes an equivalent thereof. That is, a embodiment to which a person skilled in the art has appropriately modified the design is also included in the scope of the present invention as long as it has the features of the present invention. Further, the elements included in the embodiment can be combined as much as technically possible, and the combination thereof is also included in the scope of the present invention as long as the features of the present invention are included.

1 ... Inertial body 2 ... Rotating shaft 3 ... Swing frame 4a, 4b ... Swing shaft 5 ... Housing 6a, 6b ... One-way clutch 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b ... Spur gear 9a, 9b ... Drive shaft 10a, 10b, 11 ... Bevel gear 100, 200 ... Rotational motion mechanism

Claims (2)

Rotation axis and
An inertial body that rotates in conjunction with the rotation of the rotation axis,
A swing axis, wherein the axis direction of the swing axis is orthogonal to the axis direction of the rotation axis.
A swing frame that rotatably holds the rotation shaft, and a swing frame that rotates the swing shaft by a precession generated in the inertial body in response to an external force that tilts the rotation shaft.
A power transmission mechanism that accelerates the rotation of the swing shaft and transmits it to the rotation shaft, and includes a bevel gear mechanism that converts the rotational movement of the swing shaft into the rotational movement of the rotation shaft. Mechanism and
A one-way clutch that transmits the rotation of the swing shaft to the power transmission mechanism only when the rotation direction of the swing shaft coincides with a specific one direction.
A rotary motion mechanism. The rotary motion mechanism according to claim 1.
The one-way clutch is a rotary motion mechanism directly attached to the swing shaft.

Images