JP2022015760A - Simple water level meter - Google Patents
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- JP2022015760A JP2022015760A JP2020118815A JP2020118815A JP2022015760A JP 2022015760 A JP2022015760 A JP 2022015760A JP 2020118815 A JP2020118815 A JP 2020118815A JP 2020118815 A JP2020118815 A JP 2020118815A JP 2022015760 A JP2022015760 A JP 2022015760A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、簡易水位計に関する。 The present invention relates to a simple water level gauge.
異常気象に起因して一時的に大量の雨が降る集中豪雨が世界的に発生している。大量の雨は、集中して河川に流れ込み、河川における氾濫を招き、人、住宅、農作物その他に大きな被害をもたらす。
かかる被害をできるだけ低減するために河川における水位を測定する必要がある。
水位の測定方法としては、センサを水中に絶えず水没させておき水位を測定する接触タイプと、センサを水とは接触させずに水位を測定する非接触タイプがある。
接触タイプとしては、例えば、センサからの情報を伝えるケーブルが接続されたセンサ（例えば圧力センサ）を水中に投げ込み、圧力の変化により水位を測定し、水位情報を外部に送るものが知られている（例えば特許文献１）。
Due to abnormal weather, torrential rains, which temporarily cause a large amount of rain, are occurring worldwide. A large amount of rain concentrates and flows into rivers, causing flooding in rivers and causing great damage to people, houses, crops and others.
It is necessary to measure the water level in rivers in order to reduce such damage as much as possible.
As a method for measuring the water level, there are a contact type in which the sensor is constantly submerged in water to measure the water level, and a non-contact type in which the sensor is not in contact with water and the water level is measured.
As a contact type, for example, a sensor (for example, a pressure sensor) to which a cable for transmitting information from a sensor is connected is thrown into water, the water level is measured by a change in pressure, and the water level information is sent to the outside. (For example, Patent Document 1).
非接触タイプとしては、水面に超音波、レーザ等を照射し、水面からの反射を受信することにより水位を測定するものが知られている。
上記した接触タイプは、長いケーブルを必要とし、また、センサは絶えず水と接触しているため耐食性を考慮する必要がある。耐食性をもたせるための装置あるいは材料にコストがかかり製品価格が高くなる。
非接触タイプもレーザなどの使用装置が高価である。
As a non-contact type, a type that measures the water level by irradiating the water surface with ultrasonic waves, a laser, or the like and receiving reflection from the water surface is known.
The contact type described above requires a long cable, and the sensor is in constant contact with water, so corrosion resistance must be considered. Equipment or materials for providing corrosion resistance are costly and the product price is high.
The non-contact type also has expensive equipment such as a laser.
そこで、安価な水位計として、増水時における水位を測定し得る水位計として、保護管内にセンサを収納し、該保護管を河川護岸に、通常は水没しない状態で設置する簡易水位計が提案されている。
一方、無線通信デバイスにおいて、水の気化熱による吸熱作用で付与部材近傍の温度上昇を抑制する技術が特許文献２に記載されている。
Therefore, as an inexpensive water level gauge, as a water level gauge that can measure the water level at the time of flooding, a simple water level gauge that houses a sensor in a protective pipe and installs the protective pipe on the river revetment in a state where it is not normally submerged has been proposed. ing.
On the other hand, in a wireless communication device,
前述した簡易水位計を河川護岸に実際に設置し使用してみたところ、時として水位計が原因不明の不作動を起こすことがある。
本発明は、不作動を起こすことが無い簡易水位計を提供することを目的とする、
When I actually installed the above-mentioned simple water level gauge on a river bank and used it, sometimes the water level gauge malfunctioned for unknown reasons.
An object of the present invention is to provide a simple water level gauge that does not cause inoperability.
水位を検出するためのセンサと、
該センサを内部に収納し、一端は開口する金属製の保護管と、
該センサに接続され、該センサを制御するための制御回路及び該センサからの信号を外部に伝送するための伝送回路が形成された回路基板と、
該回路基板を収納する収納盤と、
該保護管の表面に設けられた不織布で成形した吸水性ポリマーと、を有し、
該保護管は、水没させることなく、河川護岸と接触させて河川護岸上に設置されている
簡易水位計。
A sensor for detecting the water level and
A metal protective tube that houses the sensor and opens at one end,
A circuit board connected to the sensor and formed with a control circuit for controlling the sensor and a transmission circuit for transmitting a signal from the sensor to the outside.
A storage board for storing the circuit board and
It has a water-absorbent polymer molded from a non-woven fabric provided on the surface of the protective tube, and has.
The protective pipe is a simple water level gauge installed on the river revetment in contact with the river revetment without being submerged.
本発明のセンサは水位を検出するためのセンサである。水位を検出するためのセンサとしては、例えば、水の圧力をセンシングする水圧式圧力センサ、より具体的には半導体型水圧式水位センサがあげられる。
センサは、強い衝撃に弱いため鉄パイプ等を加工した保護管の内部に固定して収納し、衝撃による破損から保護する。収納場所は、保護管の開口端に近い部分である。保護管のサイズは小さいほど好ましい。保護管は河川の水の流れに対して垂直に設置されるため、水の水圧を保護管の長手方向全体で受け、保護管の直径が大きいほど大きな水圧を受けて流失するおそれが大きくなる。のみならず、保護管が大きいと、河川に流れてくる草木、石などが衝突しやすくなる。従って、保護管の流失を防ぐという点から保護管の外径は小さいほど好ましい。なお、外径が４０ｍｍ以下の場合には流失の可能性が大きく低減するため４０ｍｍ以下が好ましい。ただ、センサも所定の寸法を有しているため、保護管を小さくするにも限度があり、施行上は、センサの寸法に近づけて小さくする。
The sensor of the present invention is a sensor for detecting the water level. Examples of the sensor for detecting the water level include a water pressure type pressure sensor that senses the pressure of water, and more specifically, a semiconductor type water pressure type water level sensor.
Since the sensor is vulnerable to strong impact, it is fixed and stored inside a protective tube made of iron pipe or the like to protect it from damage caused by impact. The storage location is near the open end of the protective tube. The smaller the size of the protective tube, the more preferable. Since the protective pipe is installed perpendicular to the flow of water in the river, the water pressure is received in the entire longitudinal direction of the protective pipe, and the larger the diameter of the protective pipe, the greater the risk of water pressure being received and washed away. Not only that, if the protective pipe is large, vegetation and stones flowing into the river are likely to collide. Therefore, it is preferable that the outer diameter of the protective tube is small from the viewpoint of preventing the protective tube from being washed away. When the outer diameter is 40 mm or less, the possibility of runoff is greatly reduced, so 40 mm or less is preferable. However, since the sensor also has a predetermined size, there is a limit to the size of the protective tube, and in practice, the size is made closer to the size of the sensor.
該センサに接続され、該センサを制御するための制御回路及び該センサからの信号を外部に伝送するための伝送回路が形成された回路基板を有する。この回路基板は収納盤の内部に収納される。
保護管の外表面には、不織布で成形した吸水性ポリマーを設ける。不織布と吸水性ポリマーを層状に積層して保護管の外部表面に貼り付ければよい。吸水性ポリマーは、水の気化熱による吸熱作用により保護管ひいてはその内部空間及びセンサの温度上昇を抑制する。
該保護管を、河川護岸の陸上部に、陸上部と接触させて設置する。保護管は、センサが収納された側を下にして設置する。
It has a circuit board connected to the sensor and formed with a control circuit for controlling the sensor and a transmission circuit for transmitting a signal from the sensor to the outside. This circuit board is housed inside the storage board.
A water-absorbent polymer molded from a non-woven fabric is provided on the outer surface of the protective tube. The non-woven fabric and the water-absorbent polymer may be laminated in layers and attached to the outer surface of the protective tube. The water-absorbent polymer suppresses the temperature rise of the protective tube and the internal space of the protective tube and the sensor by the endothermic action of the heat of vaporization of water.
The protective pipe is installed in the land portion of the river revetment in contact with the land portion. The protective tube is installed with the side where the sensor is stored facing down.
本発明の効果を、本発明をなすに際して得た知見とともに説明する。
本発明者は以下の知見を得た。
The effects of the present invention will be described together with the findings obtained in making the present invention.
The present inventor obtained the following findings.
本発明者は、不作動が生じる原因を鋭意探求したところ熱が原因であることを見出した。
保護管と水位センサが直接接触するため、直射日光により高温となる保護管の熱がセンサに伝わり、温度が上昇しやすい。通常使用する水位センサは常時水没（河川水の中に浸かっている）させて使用するため、夏場の温度上昇といった問題が発生ない。それに対して簡易型水位計は設置コストを下げる為、増水時のみ計測する事とし、陸上に設置する必要がある。この特異な使用方法のため、従来問題とならなかった「水位センサの温度上昇」が新たな問題として発生し、また、直射日光だけでなく簡易水位計の保護管の内部構造と相まってセンサの温度上昇を招いているのでないかと推測した。
The present inventor diligently investigated the cause of the inactivity and found that the cause was heat.
Since the protective tube and the water level sensor come into direct contact with each other, the heat of the protective tube, which becomes hot due to direct sunlight, is transferred to the sensor, and the temperature tends to rise. Since the water level sensor that is normally used is always submerged (submerged in river water), there is no problem of temperature rise in the summer. On the other hand, in order to reduce the installation cost of the simple water level gauge, it is necessary to measure only when the water level rises and install it on land. Due to this peculiar usage, the "temperature rise of the water level sensor", which has not been a problem in the past, has arisen as a new problem, and the temperature of the sensor is combined with the internal structure of the protective tube of the simple water level gauge as well as the direct sunlight. I speculated that it might have caused the rise.
簡易水位計は、従来の水位センサとは異なり、直射日光にさらされる陸上部に取り付けられた保護管の内部に収納される為、風通しが悪く、直射日光により熱せられた保護管の熱が伝わり、高温となる。センサは保護管の開口部近傍に設けられており、しかも、保護管の径はできるだけ小さくすることが要請され、そのためセンサと保護管との間の隙間は小さくなり、センサから上部においては風通しが無く熱の溜まり場となる。そのために水位計の温度が過度に上昇し、その結果、水位計の不作動が生じることがあるのではないかと推測した。
そこで、水位計の冷却を試み、冷却法として、吸水ポリマーを用いることを試みたところ、センサの温度上昇を低減させることができ、また、水位計の不作動を招くことを防止できることを確認した。
Unlike the conventional water level sensor, the simple water level gauge is housed inside a protective tube attached to the land area exposed to direct sunlight, so it is not well ventilated and the heat of the protective tube heated by direct sunlight is transmitted. , High temperature. The sensor is provided near the opening of the protective tube, and the diameter of the protective tube is required to be as small as possible, so that the gap between the sensor and the protective tube is small, and ventilation is provided above the sensor. It becomes a place for heat to accumulate. As a result, the temperature of the water level gauge rises excessively, and as a result, it is speculated that the water level gauge may not operate.
Therefore, when we tried to cool the water level gauge and tried to use a water-absorbing polymer as a cooling method, we confirmed that it was possible to reduce the temperature rise of the sensor and prevent the water level gauge from malfunctioning. ..
こういった新しい設置（使用）方法により、新しく発生した「水位センーの温度上昇」があり、
これが水位計の不作動をもたらす原因であることを突き止めたのであり。本発明は、かかる新たな知見に基づいてなされたものであり、吸熱性ポリマーを使用することにより水位計の不作動が生じない簡易水位計を提供することができるという顕著な効果を達成するものである。
Due to this new installation (use) method, there is a new "temperature rise in the water level".
We found that this was the cause of the malfunction of the water level gauge. The present invention has been made based on such new findings, and achieves a remarkable effect that a simple water level gauge can be provided in which a water level gauge does not malfunction by using an endothermic polymer. Is.
図1～図３に水位計の設置を示す。
本例では、水位を検出するためのセンサとして１５ｍｍ径の半導体型水圧式水位センサを用いた。また、保護管は外径が３３ｍｍの鉄製パイプを用いた。図3に示す通り、このセンサを、一端が開口している保護管の開口側に保護管と接触させて設けた。保護管の底にストッパを設けることによりセンサを保護管内に固定した。センサストッパは、保護管を貫通させたボルトであり、河川護岸に斜めに設置した保護管とセンサ自体との接触による摩擦とセンサストッパによりセンサは固定される。
Figures 1 to 3 show the installation of the water level gauge.
In this example, a semiconductor type hydraulic water level sensor having a diameter of 15 mm was used as a sensor for detecting the water level. As the protective tube, an iron pipe having an outer diameter of 33 mm was used. As shown in FIG. 3, this sensor is provided in contact with the protective tube on the opening side of the protective tube having one end open. The sensor was fixed inside the protective tube by providing a stopper at the bottom of the protective tube. The sensor stopper is a bolt that penetrates the protective pipe, and the sensor is fixed by the friction caused by the contact between the protective pipe installed diagonally on the river bank and the sensor itself and the sensor stopper.
図1-3に示すように、センサを内蔵した保護管を傾斜が約45度の河川護岸に設を介して置した。センサが配置している部分を下側（河川側）となるようにし、河川護岸と接触させて保護管を配置した。
なお、保護管の上方（河川と反対側）には、メインテナンスボックスを設けてある。センサに不具合が生じた場合にはこのメインテナンスボックスを介してセンサを引き抜く。
As shown in Fig. 1-3, a protective pipe with a built-in sensor was placed on the river revetment with an inclination of about 45 degrees. The part where the sensor is placed is on the lower side (river side), and the protective pipe is placed in contact with the river revetment.
A maintenance box is provided above the protective pipe (on the opposite side of the river). If the sensor malfunctions, pull it out through this maintenance box.
河川護岸の上方の陸地部には、収納盤と太陽電池パネルを設置するためのポールが立てられている。収納盤内には、回路が形成された回路基板が収納されており、回路はセンサと接続されている。また、収納盤の内部にはアンテナが収納されている。 In the land area above the river revetment, a pole for installing a storage panel and a solar cell panel is erected. A circuit board on which a circuit is formed is housed in the storage board, and the circuit is connected to a sensor. In addition, the antenna is stored inside the storage board.
本実施例では、不織布と吸水ポリマーを層状に重ねた付与材を保護管の外表面に設置した。
その状態で、センサの温度変化を調べた。また、同様の構成の他の水位計において、付与材を設置しない水位計におけるセンサの温度変化を調べた。測定は、正午から翌日の午後３時までの15時間にわたり行った。
その結果を図4に示す。
In this embodiment, an imparting material in which a non-woven fabric and a water-absorbing polymer are layered is installed on the outer surface of the protective tube.
In that state, the temperature change of the sensor was investigated. In addition, in other water level gauges with the same configuration, the temperature change of the sensor in the water level gauge without the addition material was investigated. The measurement was performed for 15 hours from noon to 3:00 pm the next day.
The results are shown in Fig. 4.
本実施例においては冷却効果が大きく示された。また、水位計のセンサに圧力を付与したところ、本実施例においては、正常作動が認められた。付与材を用いない場合には、圧力を付与した場合、４５℃の場合には不作動は生じなかったが、反応に若干の遅れが認められた。
また、強制的にセンサを加熱し、センサの温度を６０℃以上にして調べたところ、吸水ポリマーを用いたものには動作不動はしょうじなかったが、用いないものにあ動作不動が生じることがあった。
In this example, the cooling effect was greatly shown. Moreover, when pressure was applied to the sensor of the water level gauge, normal operation was confirmed in this example. When the imparting material was not used, no inactivity occurred at 45 ° C. when pressure was applied, but a slight delay was observed in the reaction.
In addition, when the sensor was forcibly heated and the temperature of the sensor was set to 60 ° C or higher, the sensor did not show any immobility in the one using the water-absorbing polymer, but the one without it may cause the immobility. there were.
Claims (3)
該センサを内部に収納し、一端は開口する金属製の保護管と、
該センサに接続され、該センサを制御するための制御回路及び該センサからの信号を外部に伝送するための伝送回路が形成された回路基板と、
該回路基板を収納する収納盤と、
該保護管の表面に設けられた不織布で成形した吸水性ポリマーと、を有し、
該保護管は、水没させることなく、河川護岸と接触させて河川護岸上に設置されている
簡易水位計。 A sensor for detecting the water level and
A metal protective tube that houses the sensor and opens at one end,
A circuit board connected to the sensor and formed with a control circuit for controlling the sensor and a transmission circuit for transmitting a signal from the sensor to the outside.
A storage board for storing the circuit board and
It has a water-absorbent polymer molded from a non-woven fabric provided on the surface of the protective tube, and has.
The protective pipe is a simple water level gauge installed on the river revetment in contact with the river revetment without being submerged.
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| JP2020118815A JP2022015760A (en) | 2020-07-09 | 2020-07-09 | Simple water level meter |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2020118815A JP2022015760A (en) | 2020-07-09 | 2020-07-09 | Simple water level meter |
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| JP2022015760A true JP2022015760A (en) | 2022-01-21 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2024063166A1 (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2024-03-28 | 潤児 横田 | Crisis management type simple water level gauge |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2024063166A1 (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2024-03-28 | 潤児 横田 | Crisis management type simple water level gauge |
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