JP2022011513A - Joint tool of wood, joint structure of wood, and face material bearing wall - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a joint tool capable of exhibiting high deformation followability against displacement in a direction parallel to a joint face of wood with each other even under atmospheric temperature to prevent breakage of a joint position and capable of properly keeping strength of a joint position by excellent shape recovery property after deformation, and to provide a joint structure of wood using the joint tool.SOLUTION: A joint tool 1 of wood has an outer shape with a straight bar-shaped trunk portion 11 and a head portion 12 formed at one end thereof, and at least a part of the trunk portion 11 is made of a superelastic alloy. When disposing the part made of the superelastic alloy so as to cross a joint face 4 of wood with each other, since the trunk portion 11 is flexibly deformed to absorb load even when the joint face is displaced, breakage of a joint position is hard to generate due to sinking into wood, punching out, breakage of the joint tool 1 etc., and strength of the joint position is properly kept.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present application relates to a wood joining tool for joining wood to each other, a wood joining structure using the joining tool, and a face material bearing wall.

In a wooden building, a structure (bearing wall) reinforced by joining structural plywood and braces to a frame made of columns, beams and other structural shaft materials is installed. Joining tools such as nails and wood screws are used at the joining points between the members in such a structure.

In FIG. 1 (a), structural shaft materials (hereinafter, simply referred to as “shaft materials”) 2 for columns, beams, etc., and structural plywood (hereinafter, simply referred to as “plywood”) 3 are attached to steel nails 9. The cross section of the joint portion between the shaft member 2 and the plywood 3 in the fixed face material bearing wall is enlarged and shown. As shown in FIG. 3B, when the shaft member 2 and the plywood 3 are displaced parallel to the joint surface 4 due to an external load acting in parallel with the joint surface 4, the nail 9 is tilted diagonally and the tilted nail 9 is tilted. The body portion 91 of the above is recessed into the shaft member 2 and the plywood 3. When the deviation becomes larger, the nail 9 is deformed and comes out of the shaft member 2, or the head 92 of the nail 9 is sunk into the plywood 3 to punch out (punching shear). When the load exceeds the shear strength of the nail 9, the nail 9 itself breaks in the vicinity of the neck near the head 92.

Even if the load is removed until the joint is damaged or the nail 9 is broken and the displacement is restored, as shown in FIG. 3C, when the nail 9 is tilted on the shaft member 2 and the plywood 3. The gap 5 remains. Further, although not shown, plastic deformation remains on the nail 9 itself. In this state, the frictional force between the shaft member 2 and the plywood 3 and the nail 9 decreases, the initial joint strength cannot be maintained, and the yield strength of the structure decreases.

In this way, in order to prevent the joint from being damaged by an external load, a joint that absorbs energy while flexibly deforming with respect to the load and recovers to its original shape when the load is removed. Is required. Metallic materials with such properties include shape memory alloys that recover their predetermined shape due to temperature changes, and superelastic alloys that return to their predetermined shape by unloading even if they are deformed to a region far beyond the yield point of ordinary metals. Can be mentioned. However, at present, only the following methods can be found as a method of using such a metal material for a joint between woods.

Patent Document 1: A hidden member coupling tool consisting of a hook attached to one of the members to be coupled and a receiver attached to the other, and the hook engaging posture at least a part of the hook at room temperature. A member coupling tool that uses a shape memory-like member that has been processed so as to take a posture of disengaging the hook engagement under high temperature conditions.

Patent Document 2: A hollow tube material for receiving a reaction force is inserted into a pilot hole formed in a direction perpendicular to the joint surface between wood (wooden members) and fixed, while the outer diameter expands when heated. Connect the shape memory alloy rods to both ends of the connecting rod, insert the connecting rod into the pilot hole so that the shape memory alloy rod fits in the back of the hollow tube material for receiving the reaction force of both members, and in that state, insert the connecting rod. A joining method and structure for wood members that inflates a shape memory alloy rod by heating and hooks it to the inner end of a hollow tube material for receiving reaction force.

Patent Document 3: When reinforcing cracks and cracks that occur in the direction perpendicular to the material axis direction of wood (woody building structural material), female screw bolts are installed on both sides of the part requiring reinforcement in a direction substantially perpendicular to the material surface. A method of reinforcing wooden building structural materials that generates tension by attaching a joint made of shape memory alloy that has been embedded and processed to shrink when heated to the left and right female screw bolts, and heating and shrinking the joint.

Utility Model Registration No. 2501139 Gazette Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2006-16769 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2008-95366

In all of the wood joining methods and structures disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 3, the direction in which the shape recovery force of the joining tool made of a shape memory alloy presses against the joining surfaces of the woods (direction orthogonal to the joining surfaces). However, it is configured so that it does not effectively act on the deviation in the direction parallel to the joint surface.

In addition, since all of them use shape memory alloys that recover their shape by heating to a predetermined temperature (transformation temperature) or higher, in order to recover the desired shape after deformation of the joint, the joint should be locally restored. Needs to be reheated. However, it is not realistic to use such metal as a fitting for building structures because it is difficult to reheat.

The invention disclosed in the present application has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and exhibits high deformation followability even at room temperature with respect to a deviation in the direction parallel to the joint surface to prevent damage to the joint portion. It is an object of the present invention to provide a wood joining tool capable of suitably maintaining the strength of a joint portion by an excellent shape recovery force after deformation, and a wood joining structure using such a joining tool.

At the same time, a face material bearing wall as a specific embodiment of the joint structure is also disclosed.

The "wood" to which the invention disclosed in the present application is applied includes solid wood made of natural wood, plywood, laminated wood, resin-impregnated wood, and various resin-based members having material characteristics similar to wood. Further, those composite members and the like are also included.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the wood joining tool according to the invention disclosed in the present application has an outer shape having a straight rod-shaped body portion and a head formed at one end thereof, and at least a part of the body portion. Is formed of a superelastic alloy, and adopts the basic configuration. The body formed of the superelastic alloy exhibits high deformation followability to external loads, and even if large deformation occurs, it recovers to its original shape after unloading, so that the joints are in good condition. Hold.

Further, the wood joining tool of the invention disclosed in the present application adopts an additional configuration in which a easily deformable portion is provided in a portion formed of the superelastic alloy. By inducing local deformation to the easily deformable portion provided at an appropriate position on the body portion, it is possible to optimize the deformation form when a large load is applied.

The easily deformable portion can be formed, for example, by reducing the cross-sectional area of the body portion. Further, the easily deformable portion can be formed by inserting a reinforcing cylinder into both side portions sandwiching the easily deformable portion or one side portion of the easily deformable portion. Alternatively, it can be formed by applying a reinforcing coating to the outer peripheral surfaces of both side portions sandwiching the easily deformable portion or one side portion of the easily deformable portion.

Furthermore, the easily deformable portion modifies the material of the body portion so that both side portions sandwiching the easily deformable portion or one side portion of the easily deformable portion has relatively higher strength than the easily deformable portion. Can also be formed.

On the other hand, in the wood joining structure according to the invention disclosed in the present application, the body of the joining tool configured as described above is arranged so as to intersect the joining surface of two or more woods, and the woods are arranged with each other. Is characterized as being joined. According to this configuration, even if the wood is displaced in the direction parallel to the joint surface, only the body of the part straddling the joint surface is flexibly deformed to absorb energy, so that the wood is sunk into the wood, punched out, and joined. The joint is less likely to be damaged due to breakage of the tool, and the strength of the joint is suitably maintained.

In this wood joining structure, it is particularly preferable that the easily deformable portion is provided at the intersection with the joining surface.

Further, it is also preferable that the thickness of the wood located on the head side of the joining tool is smaller than the thickness of the wood located on the other side.

Therefore, the timber to be joined is a structural shaft material and a structural plywood constituting the face material bearing wall of the wooden building, and the joint has a nail-like outer shape, and the structural shaft material and the said The structure in which a part of the body portion intersecting the joint surface with the structural plywood is formed of a superelastic alloy makes it possible to particularly utilize the excellent action and effect of this joint structure.

Since at least a part of the body of the wood jointer constructed as described above is made of a superelastic alloy, the part exhibits high deformation followability even at room temperature and removes even if a large deformation occurs. After loading, it recovers to its original shape.

According to the wood joining structure in which the body of the joiner is arranged so as to intersect the joint surface of the wood, the body of the portion straddling the joint surface even if the wood is displaced in the direction parallel to the joint surface. Since only the joint flexibly deforms and absorbs energy, the joint is less likely to be damaged due to sinking into the wood, punching out, breakage of the joint, etc., and the strength of the joint is suitably maintained.

Further, according to the wood joining structure in which the easily deformable portion is provided on the body of the joiner and the easily deformable portion is arranged so as to straddle the joint surface between the woods, the above-mentioned effect can be further enhanced.

It is sectional drawing of the joint part explaining the problem in the joint structure of the conventional general wood, (a) shows the normal time, (b) shows the state at the time of deformation, and (c) shows the state after deformation. It is sectional drawing of the joint part explaining the basic structure and the action | action | effect of the wood joint structure which concerns on the invention disclosed in this application, (a) is a normal time, (b) is a deformation time, (c) is a deformation. Each state is shown. It is a partial side view which shows the embodiment of the easily deformable part adopted for the wood joining tool which concerns on the invention disclosed in this application. It is a partial side view which shows the other embodiment of the easily deformed part, and is the sectional view of the joint part. It is sectional drawing of the joint part which shows still another embodiment of the easily deformable part. It is sectional drawing of the joint part which shows still another embodiment of the easily deformable part.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention disclosed in the present application will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, in the embodiment described below, the same reference numerals are given to the components common to the conventional wood joining structure shown in FIG. Further, when a plurality of embodiments are described, the same numerical reference numerals are given to the components having a common function or action to simplify the duplicate description in the embodiments described later.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the basic configuration and action / effect of the wood joint structure according to the invention disclosed in the present application. The illustrated joint structure is the joint portion between the shaft member 2 and the plywood 3 in the face material bearing wall of the wooden building, as in FIG. 1. The shaft member 2 and the plywood 3 are not particularly different from the conventional general ones shown in FIG. The joining tool 1 for joining them is also a nail having a straight rod-shaped body portion 11, a head portion 12 formed at one end of the body portion 11, and a tip portion 13 formed at the other end of the body portion 11. It has an outer shape, which is not much different from the conventional round nails for wood. However, the invention disclosed in the present application is characterized in that a superelastic alloy is used at least for the body portion 11.

Superelastic alloys have the property that even if they generate plastic strain (non-linear strain) that is about 10 times the elastic range of general steel materials, the plastic strain disappears after unloading and returns to the original shape at room temperature. It is a metal having a plasticity, and is also called a rubber alloy. The recovery strain (shape recovery rate) is generally 5% or more, and some range to 7 to 8%. At present, nickel-titanium-based alloys, copper-aluminum-manganese-based alloys, iron-nickel-cobalt-aluminum-based alloys, and other alloys in which titanium, chromium, vanadium, etc. are appropriately combined have been put into practical use. However, the invention disclosed in the present application does not limit the detailed composition and strength characteristics of the superelastic alloy.

The joining tool 1 according to the invention disclosed in the present application includes at least a part of the body portion 11, more specifically, an appropriate range including a portion intersecting the joint surface 4 between the shaft member 2 and the plywood 3, or the entire body portion 11. , Characterized as being formed by this superelastic alloy.

According to this configuration, when the shaft member 2 and the plywood 3 are displaced in parallel with the joint surface 4 due to an external load, as shown in the figure (b), from the normal state shown in the figure (a). , The body portion 11 of the portion intersecting the joint surface 4 is greatly bent and deformed to absorb energy. Since this bending deformation occurs prior to the sinking into the shaft member 2 and the plywood 3, the inclination of the entire body portion 11 is reduced, and the gap 5 formed in the shaft member 2 and the plywood 3 is reduced. Further, the stress limit at which the joining tool 1 is deformed and comes off from the shaft member 2, a part of the joining tool 1 is broken, or the head portion 12 of the joining tool 1 is sunk into the plywood 3 and punched out is also increased. Therefore, the joint is less likely to be damaged.

Then, as shown in FIG. 3C, when the displacement is restored by the unloading, the joining tool 1 itself is not deformed and the original shape is restored. This deformation-recovery action is repeatedly obtained even with repeated loads. Thus, the strength of the joint is suitably maintained.

In this joint structure, it is more preferable that the intersecting portion of the body portion 11 with the joint surface 4 is particularly easily deformed as compared with other portions. Therefore, the present invention also adopts a configuration in which an easily deformable portion for inducing deformation is provided in the portion. The embodiment is shown in FIGS. 3 to 6.

In the form shown in FIG. 3A, a side view arc-shaped constriction 14 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the body portion 11 to reduce the cross-sectional area of the portion to make it an easily deformable portion. Further, in the form shown in FIG. 3B, a V-shaped constriction 14 in a side view is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the body portion 11 to reduce the cross-sectional area of the portion to make it an easily deformable portion. These constrictions 14 are continuous in a band shape along the outer peripheral surface of the body portion 11, but are easily deformed by locally reducing the cross-sectional area of the portion by appropriate notches or cutting processes that are not continuous in the outer peripheral direction. It is also possible to make a department. When designing the joint, it is desirable that the material and cross-sectional dimensions of the body portion 11 are designed so that the easily deformable portion can bear the required shear strength and tensile strength.

In the form shown in FIG. 4, a reinforcing cylinder 15 is inserted on the outside of the body portion 11 and a predetermined position thereof is divided to make the divided position 16 an easily deformable portion. The cylinder body 15 may be inserted into the body portion 11 and then divided, or separate cylinder bodies 15 may be inserted into the body portion 11 to provide a minute gap between them. .. A thin metal pipe, a hard resin pipe, or the like can be used for the cylinder 15. Further, it is also preferable to appropriately process the outer peripheral surface of the body portion 11 and the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder body 15 or to remodel the adhesive to integrate the body portion 11 and the cylinder body 15.

In the form shown in FIG. 5, a reinforcing coating 17 is applied to the outer peripheral surfaces of both side portions sandwiching the portion to be easily deformed. If the portion to be easily deformed is masked in a band shape (not shown) in advance, a coating 17 made of metal plating, a curable resin paint, or the like is formed on both sides thereof, and then the masking is removed, the coating 17 can be formed. The part that does not exist is the easily deformed part.

When the easily deformable portion is formed by inserting a reinforcing cylinder 15 on the outside of the body portion 11 or applying a reinforcing coating 17 on the outer peripheral surface of the body portion 11, FIG. 6A is shown. Alternatively, as shown in (b), the tubular body 15 or the coating 17 may be provided only on one side (head 12 side or tip 13 side) of the portion to be easily deformed.

Further, although not shown, the body portion 11 has a relatively high strength (high hardness) on both side portions or one side portion thereof than on the easily deformed portion due to local heat treatment processing, forging processing, or the like. It is also possible to modify the material.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 2 to 6, the axis of the body 11 intersects the joint surface 4 of the lumber 2 and the plywood 3 perpendicularly, but the axis of the body 11 is the joint surface. It may intersect diagonally with respect to 4. )
If these means are used to provide an easily deformable portion in an appropriate range at an appropriate position of the body portion 11, the bending deformation of the body portion 11 when the joint surface 4 is displaced can be guided to an appropriate form. Can be done. Further, by providing the easily deformable portion, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the restoring force caused by the body portion 11 sinking into the shaft member 2 and the plywood 3. Basically, it is preferable that the easily deformable portion is provided on the head 12 side rather than the intermediate portion in the total length of the body portion 11 in terms of the balance of the bonding force with respect to the two timbers. In other words, of the two pieces of wood joined using this joiner 1, the thickness of the wood located on the head 12 side of the joiner 1 is smaller than the thickness of the wood located on the other side. The effect of the joining tool 1 can be obtained better. Further, it is preferable to make the range of the easily deformable portion (the length of the body portion in the axial direction) smaller than the thickness of the wood having the smaller thickness, because the deformable portion can be limited.

In view of these effects, this joint is used for the bearing wall of the face material of a wooden building formed by joining structural plywood to a frame made of columns, beams and other structural shafts. However, a configuration in which a easily deformable portion made of a superelastic alloy is provided at a portion of the body of the joiner that intersects the joint surface between the structural shaft material and the structural plywood is extremely useful and excellent in practicality.

It should be noted that the technical scope of the invention disclosed in the present application should not be construed in a limited manner by the illustrated embodiment, but should be conceptually construed based on the description of the scope of claims. In carrying out the invention disclosed in the present application, the shape, structure, material, quantity, joining form, relative positional relationship, etc. of the components which are not specifically specified in the claims are substantially described as the exemplary form. It can be appropriately modified within the range in which the same or higher effects can be obtained.

In particular, regarding the form of the joining tool, not only the above-mentioned nail-shaped form, but also a long wood screw such as a course thread or a long bolt to be fastened with a nut, depending on the shape of the wood to be joined and the joining site. It can also be applied to forms such as shafts. Furthermore, it can be applied to various forms of joining tools such as tacker needles (staples) and "shavings" that are arranged so as to intersect the joining surfaces of two members.

The invention disclosed in the present application can be used for various joints of wood or similar wood materials.

1 Joiner 11 Body 12 Head 13 Tip 14 Constriction (easily deformed part)
15 Cylinder 16 Divided position (easy deformation part)
17 Cover 2 Shaft 3 Plywood 4 Joint surface 5 Gap 9 Nail 91 Body 92 Head

Claims (11)

It has an outer shape with a straight rod-shaped body and a head formed at one end thereof.
A wood joiner characterized in that at least a portion of the body is made of a superelastic alloy. In the wood joining tool according to claim 1,
A wood joining tool characterized in that a easily deformable portion is provided in a portion formed of the superelastic alloy. In the wood joining tool according to claim 2,
The easily deformable portion is a wood joining tool characterized in that it is formed by reducing the cross-sectional area of the body portion. In the wood joining tool according to claim 2,
The easily deformable portion is a wood joining tool formed by inserting a reinforcing cylinder into both side portions sandwiching the easily deformable portion or one side portion of the easily deformable portion. In the wood joining tool according to claim 2,
The easily deformable portion is a wood joining tool characterized in that the outer peripheral surface of both side portions sandwiching the easily deformable portion or one side portion of the easily deformable portion is coated with a reinforcing coating. In the wood joining tool according to claim 2,
The easily deformable portion is formed by modifying the material of the body portion so that both side portions sandwiching the easily deformable portion or one side portion of the easily deformable portion have relatively higher strength than the easily deformable portion. A wood joint that is characterized by being The body of the wood joining tool according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is arranged so as to intersect the joining surface of two or more woods, and the woods are joined to each other. A wood joint structure characterized by. In the wood joining structure according to claim 7, which cites any one of claims 2 to 6.
A wood joint structure characterized in that the easily deformable portion is provided at an intersection with the joint surface. In the wood joint structure according to claim 7 or 8.
A wood joining structure characterized in that the thickness of the wood located on the head side of the joining tool is smaller than the thickness of the wood located on the other side. In the wood joint structure according to claim 7 or 8.
The timber to be joined is the structural shaft material and structural plywood that make up the face material bearing wall of the wooden building.
A wood joining structure characterized in that the joining tool has a nail-shaped outer shape. In a face material bearing wall where a frame made of columns, beams and other structural shafts and structural plywood are joined via nail-shaped joints.
The joint is a face material bearing wall characterized in that at least a part of a body portion intersecting a joint surface between the structural shaft material and the structural plywood is formed of a superelastic alloy.

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