JP2021533846A - 呼吸ガスの加湿性が向上した呼吸装置 - Google Patents
呼吸ガスの加湿性が向上した呼吸装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
- 患者を人工呼吸させるための吸気性呼吸ガスを提供する呼吸ガス源アセンブリと、
- 吸気性呼吸ガス流を生成し、その流量を変化させるように構成された流量変更装置と、
- 吸気性呼吸ガス流の絶対湿度の値を増加させるように構成された加湿装置であって、このために貯水部と、電力可変性の気化装置とを有する加湿装置と、
- 加湿装置から患者へ吸気性呼吸ガスを送給するために、作動時に患者に近いところに位置する近位長手方向端部と、作動時に患者から離れたところに位置する遠位長手方向端部とを有する呼吸ガス導管アセンブリと、
- 呼吸ガス導管アセンブリの近位長手方向端部領域の呼吸ガス流温度を検出するように構成された近位温度センサと、
- 直接的または間接的に吸気性呼吸ガス流の絶対湿度を表す、少なくとも1つの、吸気性呼吸ガス流の湿度状態値を検出するように構成された湿度センサアセンブリと、
- 呼吸ガス流量を検出するように構成されたフローセンサと、
- 近位温度センサ、湿度センサアセンブリおよびフローセンサに信号伝送の点で接続され、呼吸ガスの所定の目標湿度に依存して、および近位温度センサ、湿度センサアセンブリおよびフローセンサからの信号に依存して、気化装置の作動電力を制御するように構成された制御装置と、
を含む、人工呼吸装置に関する。
特許文献1から公知の人工呼吸装置は、呼吸ガス導管アセンブリに熱供給することにより、呼吸ガス中の水分の望ましくない結露を防止するための、加熱可能な呼吸ガス導管アセンブリをさらに含む。
である。
5 送風機
10 呼吸装置
12 患者
14 ハウジング
15 吸入口
16 流量変更装置
17 周囲温度センサ
18 制御装置
19 データメモリ
20 吸気弁
22 呼気弁
24 入力装置
26 データ入力部
28 出力装置
31 患者インターフェース
31a 近位長手方向端部
31b 遠位長手方向端部
31c 位置
32 吸気チューブ
34 第1の吸気チューブ
36 第2の吸気チューブ
37 導管ヒータ
38 加湿装置
42 呼気チューブ
44 近位フローセンサ
44a 連結構成体
46 センサ線アセンブリ
47 Y導管部
48 近位温度センサ
50 台座
52 送風機
54 減圧弁
56、58 回線
60 弁
62 貯蔵タンク
64 回線
66 湿度センサアセンブリ
68 センサ
70 温度センサ
72 加湿チャンバ
74 貯水部
76 熱気化装置
78、80 回線
82 回線
86 エネルギー供給装置
U 環境
AF 呼吸ガス流AF
Claims (14)
- 患者(12)を人工呼吸させるための人工呼吸装置(10)であって、
- 前記患者(12)を人工呼吸させるための吸気性呼吸ガスを提供する呼吸ガス源アセンブリ(15、62)と、
- 吸気性呼吸ガス流(AF)を生成し、その流量を変化させるように構成された流量変更装置(16)と、
- 前記吸気性呼吸ガス流(AF)の絶対湿度の値を増加させるように構成された加湿装置(38)であって、このために貯水部(40)と、電力可変性の気化装置(76)とを有する加湿装置(38)と、
- 前記加湿装置(38)から前記患者(12)へ前記吸気性呼吸ガス(AF)を送給するために、作動時に前記患者(12)に近いところに位置する近位長手方向端部(30a)と、作動時に前記患者(12)から離れたところに位置する遠位長手方向端部(30b)とを有する呼吸ガス導管アセンブリ(30)と、
- 前記呼吸ガス導管アセンブリ(30)の近位長手方向端部領域(30a)の前記呼吸ガス流(AF)の温度を検出するように構成された近位温度センサ(48)と、
- 直接的または間接的に前記吸気性呼吸ガス流(AF)の絶対湿度を表す、少なくとも1つの、吸気性呼吸ガス流の湿度状態値を検出するように構成された湿度センサアセンブリ(66)と、
- 前記呼吸ガス流(AF)の流量を検出するように構成されたフローセンサ(44)と、
- 前記近位温度センサ(48)、前記湿度センサアセンブリ(66)および前記フローセンサ(44)に信号伝送の点で接続され、前記呼吸ガスの所定の目標湿度に依存して、および前記近位温度センサ(48)、前記湿度センサアセンブリ(66)および前記フローセンサ(44)からの信号に依存して、前記気化装置(76)の作動電力を制御するように構成された制御装置(18)と、
を含み、
前記湿度センサアセンブリ(66)は、前記呼吸ガス流(AF)の吸気方向において前記加湿装置(38)の上流に追加的に配置され、前記加湿装置(38)の上流の湿度状態値を検出するように構成され、前記呼吸装置(10)は、前記呼吸装置(10)周囲(U)の温度を検出するように構成された少なくとも1つの周囲温度センサ(17)を有し、前記制御装置(18)は、前記少なくとも1つの周囲温度センサ(17)と信号伝送の点で接続されており、既に述べた依存関係に加えて、前記少なくとも1つの周囲温度センサ(17)からの信号にも依存して、前記気化装置(76)の作動電力を制御するように構成されている呼吸装置。 - 前記呼吸装置(10)は、前記呼吸ガス導管アセンブリ(30)の近位長手方向端部領域(30a)における前記呼吸ガス流(AF)の目標温度を入力するための、および/または前記呼吸ガスの目標湿度を入力するための、および/または呼吸ガス流量を入力するための入力装置(24)を有することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の呼吸装置(10)。
- 前記呼吸装置(10)は、前記呼吸ガス導管アセンブリ(30)の前記近位長手方向端部領域(30a)における前記呼吸ガス流の目標温度を入力するための入力装置(24)を有し、前記制御装置(18)によって取得可能であるデータメモリ(19)であって、前記呼吸ガス導管アセンブリ(30)の前記近位長手方向端部領域(30a)における前記呼吸ガス流(AF)の温度値と、前記呼吸ガスの対応づけられた目標湿度値との間の相関関係が保存されたデータメモリ(19)を有することを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の呼吸装置(10)。
- 前記呼吸ガス導管アセンブリ(30)の少なくとも1つの吸気導管部(36)は、導管ヒータ(37)を有し、前記導管ヒータ(37)により、前記吸気導管部(36)を加熱することができ、前記制御装置(18)は、好ましくは、前記呼吸ガス導管アセンブリ(30)の前記近位長手方向端部領域(30a)における前記呼吸ガス流(AF)の所定の目標温度に依存して、前記導管ヒータ(37)の作動電力を制御するように構成されていることを特徴とする、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の呼吸装置(10)。
- 前記湿度センサアセンブリ(66)は、前記呼吸ガス流(AF)の吸気方向において前記呼吸ガス源アセンブリ(15、62)の上流に配置されていることを特徴とする、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の呼吸装置(10)。
- 前記制御装置(18)は、前記気化装置(76)に、および/または前記気化装置(76)のエネルギー源に、および/または前記気化装置(76)に供給されるエネルギーを検出するように構成された少なくとも1つのエネルギーセンサに、前記気化装置(76)に現在供給されるエネルギーおよび/または電力を前記制御装置(18)によって信号から算出可能なように、信号伝送の点で接続されていることを特徴とする、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の呼吸装置(10)。
- 前記呼吸ガス導管アセンブリ(30)は、前記呼吸ガス導管アセンブリ(30)と前記患者(12)との間で呼吸ガスを伝送する、内気管チューブ、喉頭マスクまたはコンビチューブなどの患者インターフェース(31)に前記呼吸ガス導管アセンブリ(30)を連結するための連結構成体(44a)を、その近位端部(30a)に有し、前記制御装置(18)は、前記呼吸装置(10)の、特に前記呼吸ガス流(AF)の動作パラメータに依存して、吸入方向における前記連結構成体(44a)下流側の呼吸状況の後続状態を算出し、その算出結果に依存して前記気化装置(76)の作動電力を変更するように構成されていることを特徴とする、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の呼吸装置(10)。
- 前記呼吸状況の前記後続状態は、前記患者インターフェース(31)の導管壁の後続温度および/または前記呼吸ガス流(AF)の後続温度を含むことを特徴とする、請求項7に記載の呼吸装置(10)。
- 前記呼吸装置(10)は、前記制御装置(18)によって取得可能なデータメモリ(19)を有し、前記データメモリ(19)では、前記呼吸ガス流(AF)の作動パラメータ値が、前記患者インターフェース(31)の前記導管壁の後続温度および/または前記呼吸ガス流(AF)の後続温度とリンクされていることを特徴とする、請求項8に記載の呼吸装置(10)。
- 前記制御装置(18)は、前記呼吸ガス導管アセンブリ(30)の前記近位長手方向端部領域(30a)の前記近位温度センサ(48)によって検出された前記呼吸ガス流(AF)の温度、前記フローセンサ(44)によって検出された前記呼吸ガス流(AF)の流量、および前記呼吸ガスの所定の目標湿度に依存して、前記後続状態を算出することを特徴とする、請求項7から9のいずれか一項に記載の呼吸装置(10)。
- 前記制御装置(18)は、前記周囲温度センサ(17)によって検出された周囲温度に依存して前記後続状態を算出することを特徴とする、請求項7から10のいずれか一項に記載の呼吸装置(10)。
- 前記制御装置(18)は、前記患者インターフェース(31)の遠位端(31b)よりもその近位端(31a)の近くに位置する算出位置の前記後続状態を算出し、前記制御装置(18)は、好ましくは、前記患者インターフェース(31)の前記近位端(31a)の前記後続状態を算出することを特徴とする、請求項7から11のいずれか一項に記載の呼吸装置(10)。
- 前記制御装置(18)は、前記連結構成体(44a)と前記患者インターフェース(31)の前記患者(12)体内への進入点(31c)との間に位置する前記患者インターフェース(31)の部分の前記後続状態を算出することを特徴とする、請求項7から11のいずれか一項に記載の呼吸装置(10)。
- 前記制御装置は、算出結果に依存して、前記近位温度センサ(48)における前記呼吸ガスの温度およびこのために前記導管ヒータ(37)の作動電力を変化させるように構成されていることを特徴とする、請求項4を引用する場合の、請求項7から13のいずれか一項に記載の呼吸装置(10)。
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