JP2021515094A - Powder atomization device and powder atomization method - Google Patents

Abstract

The powder atomizer is designed to have an open melting furnace for melting molten steel and a tundish for receiving molten steel. The amount of molten steel in the open melting furnace is maintained sufficient to ensure that the tundish quickly receives the molten steel from the open melting furnace and pours the molten steel into the infusion ladle. In addition, multiple tundish, such as two tundish, are designed to take turns receiving molten steel from an open melting furnace and to pour molten steel into an injection ladle multiple times in a row. Also, or multiple infusion ladles may be designed to reduce the replacement time of the infusion ladles, which will extend the powder production time, increase the powder production rate and heat the inflow ladles. Material can be saved. [Selection diagram] Fig. 3

Description

[0002] The present invention relates to the technical field of metal powder production, and more particularly to a powder atomizing apparatus and a powder atomizing method.

Powder atomization refers to a powder production method in which a liquid of a metal or alloy is crushed into fine droplets by the impact of a fluid (atomization medium) flowing at high speed and then condensed into a solid powder, which is completely an alloy. It is the best method for producing powders, and the products produced by powder atomization are called pre-alloyed powders. Each particle of the pre-alloyed powder has a single chemical composition that is exactly the same as that of the molten alloy present, and the crystal structure is purified by rapid solidification, thus eliminating the macrosegregation of the second phase. To do.

Vacuum gas-based powder atomization is a new process developed in the metal powder manufacturing industry in recent years and has advantages such as hard-to-oxidize materials, rapid quenching of metal powders, and a high degree of automation. .. According to the specific process, the metal and alloy materials are melted and refined in an induction furnace, and the metal liquid obtained after melting is poured into a heat-retaining crucible and enters the guide tube, and at this moment, the melting flow is nozzleed. It is atomized by the high-pressure gas flow ejected from, and the droplets of the metal liquid obtained after atomization are solidified and settled in the atomization tower to obtain powder, and finally fall into the powder recovery tank. To do.

According to the existing powder atomizer shown in FIG. 1, the first prepared raw material is placed in the melting furnace 120 in the melting chamber 110; then the melting chamber 110 is vacuumed (purified). Raw materials (such as scrap iron and waste silicon) selected and distributed according to the type of powder are dissolved in molten steel and then poured into an infusion ladle 130 containing an insulating crucible, guide tube, and nozzle; the molten steel It flows from the adiabatic crucible to the guide tube, then atomizes into the atomization chamber 140 by a high-pressure gas stream ejected from the nozzle as it flows out of the guide tube, and finally coagulates and condenses in the atomization chamber. , The obtained powder falls into the powder recovery device. Only the portion of the atomization chamber 140 (or atomization tower) connected to the injection ladle 130 is shown in FIG. 1, which does not show the entire atomization chamber but is connected to the atomization chamber. Note that even the powder recovery device is not shown.

The powder atomization performed by the means of the powder atomization apparatus shown in FIG. 1 has the following drawbacks. 1) Low powder refining rate: For example, in a melting furnace capable of accommodating 200 to 500 kg of molten steel, the preparation time for melting the raw material and heating the molten steel to a desired temperature is 90 to 100 minutes, and the powder refining time is 90 to 100 minutes. It is 15-30 minutes and the continuous powder purification time per 24 hours is only 3-4 hours. 2) High-cost heat-resistant material: It is necessary to replace the heat-resistant material every time the molten steel is poured. For better understanding, the second drawback is briefly explained here: the inside of the heat-resistant chamber in the infusion ladle and the inside of the guide tube are covered with a heat-resistant material, usually a crucible, It has a limited useful life. For example, in the casting process, when less than 1800 kg of molten steel circulates in the injection ladle, the refractory material can withstand the high temperatures of the molten steel without softening or melting, and the melting furnace 120 accommodates 300 kg of molten steel. Assuming it is possible, the infusion ladle 130 can actually support 6 times more molten steel at a time. However, during the actual powder refining, every time the molten steel in the melting furnace is poured into the injection ladle 130, a new molten steel needs to be prepared in the melting furnace, and the injection ladle 130 needs to be prepared in the melting furnace. Every time 300 kg of molten steel is received from, the molten steel flowing through the guide tube is eventually cooled gradually due to the lack of a heating device around the guide tube, and as a result, it adheres to the inner wall of the guide tube or the guide tube. The atomizing effect is seriously affected when the molten steel in the melting furnace 120 is poured into the injection ladle 130 again, so that the refractory material can be used even if it is a refractory material. It needs to be replaced even if the years have not been used up.

It is necessary to provide a reasonable solution for extending the effective powder production time, which can increase the production of the powder.

Embodiments herein provide a powder atomizer designed to have an open melting furnace used to melt molten steel and a tundish used to receive molten steel. The amount of molten steel in the open melting furnace is sufficiently maintained so that the tundish can quickly receive the molten steel from the open melting furnace and then pour the molten steel into the pouring ladle. Further, on the other hand, even if multiple tundish, such as two tundish, are designed to alternately receive molten steel from an open melting furnace and continuously pour molten steel into one pouring ladle. Well, or the plurality of infusion ladles may be designed to reduce the replacement time of the infusion ladles.

[0010] In one feature, the present specification describes an open melting furnace used for melting a raw material into molten steel in a powder atomizing apparatus, and the molten steel that receives and receives molten steel from the open melting furnace. It comprises a tundish used to keep the temperature within a preset range and pour the molten steel into the pouring ladle, which in the first state atomizes the poured molten steel. Used to atomize into the chamber, the first state includes heating to a preset temperature and connecting to the atomizing chamber, wherein the atomizing chamber is in the atomizing chamber. Provided is a powder atomizing apparatus used for condensing droplets of molten steel atomized into a metal powder.

In one embodiment, the powder atomizer is connected to a vacuum melting chamber used to house the tundish and the injection ladle and a side wall of the vacuum melting chamber in the open melting furnace. It further comprises an airtight guide device used to guide the molten steel into the tundish.

Further, in one specific embodiment, the airtight guide device is composed of an inner material and an outer material, the inner material being a heat resistant material, and the outer material being a metal material.

In another specific embodiment, the powder atomizer is a compartment arranged toward the inside or outside of the vacuum melting chamber with respect to the side wall of the vacuum melting chamber. Includes a movable first baffle plate and a movable second baffle plate on the opposite side of the first baffle plate in the vertical direction, allowing the infusion ladle to be taken in and out of the vacuum melting chamber. Further includes a compartment used to keep the inside of the vacuum melting chamber in a low oxygen state together with the vacuuming equipment when the infusion ladle is taken in and out of the vacuum melting chamber.

In one embodiment, the tundish is an induction furnace having a heating function.
In one embodiment, the volume of the open melting furnace is larger than the volume of the tundish.

In the second feature, the present specification sets the quality of the molten steel melted in the open ladle to a preset standard in the powder atomization method based on the apparatus provided in the first feature. The step of determining that the ladle has been reached, the step of receiving the molten steel from the open melting furnace by the tundish, and the tongue that has determined that the injection ladle is in the first state and has received the molten steel inside. A step of controlling the injection ladle so that the molten steel is poured from the dish into the injection ladle and the poured steel is atomized into the atomization chamber, and the amount of the molten steel in the tundish are preset. The step of receiving the molten steel from the open ladle again by the tundish and replacing the refractory material of the injection ladle, and the refractory material being exchanged, as determined to be less than the corresponding threshold. It was determined that the injection ladle was in the first state, and the molten steel was poured into the injection ladle in which the refractory material was replaced from the tundish that received the molten steel inside again. Provided is a method comprising a step of controlling the injection ladle with which the refractory material has been replaced so that the molten steel is atomized into the atomizing chamber.

In one embodiment, when the amount of molten steel in the open melting furnace is less than the corresponding threshold set in advance, a raw material that is melted into molten steel is added to the open melting furnace. To do.

In one embodiment, the device further comprises a vacuum melting chamber used to house the tundish and the injection ladle, and an airtight guide device connected to the side wall of the vacuum melting chamber. The step of receiving the molten steel from the open melting chamber by the tundish guides the molten steel in the open melting chamber into the tundish by the airtight guide device.

Further, in one specific embodiment, the raw material to be melted into molten steel contains a material that can be easily oxidized, and the quality of the molten steel in the open melting furnace has reached a preset standard. The step of determining that the tundish includes determining that the quality of the molten steel melted from the raw material other than the easily oxidizable material in the open melting furnace has reached a preset standard. Prior to the step of receiving the molten steel from the open melting furnace, the method is such that the easily oxidizable material melts in the molten steel received in the tundish in the vacuum melting chamber. It further comprises a step of placing an oxidizable material in the tundish.

In another specific embodiment, the steps of exchanging the refractory material of the injection ladle are a step of controlling the injection ladle to exit the vacuum melting chamber and a step outside the vacuum melting chamber. It includes a step of exchanging the refractory material of the injection ladle.

Further, in one embodiment, the device is a section arranged toward the outside of the vacuum melting chamber with respect to the side wall of the vacuum melting chamber, and is a movable first side wall. It further comprises a compartment comprising a baffle plate and a movable second baffle plate on the opposite side of the first baffle plate in the vertical direction, and controls the injection ladle to exit the vacuum melting chamber. The steps include a step of controlling the first baffle plate to move and open, and a step of controlling the injection ladle to move into the compartment, and a step to move and close. A step of controlling the first baffle plate and a step of controlling the second baffle plate so as to move and open, and controlling the injection ladle so as to exit the vacuum melting chamber. It has.

Further, in one particular example, after the step of replacing the refractory material in the infusion ladle, it is determined that the second baffle plate is in an open state and moved into the compartment. The step of controlling the injection ladle and the step of controlling the second baffle plate so as to be in a closed state and evacuating the first compartment with a vacuuming device, and the inside of the compartment It includes a step of determining that it is in a hypoxic state and controlling the injection ladle to move into the vacuum melting chamber.

[0023] In the third feature, the present specification alternately receives the molten steel from the open melting furnace used for melting the raw material into the molten steel and the molten steel from the open melting furnace in the powder atomizing apparatus, and continuously receives the molten steel from the open melting furnace. And alternately equipped with a plurality of tundish used to pour the molten steel into the pouring ladle, the pouring ladle is in a first state, continuously atomizing the poured molten steel into an atomizing chamber. Used for atomization, the first state comprises heating to a preset temperature and connecting to the atomizing chamber, the atomizing chamber being atomized into the atomizing chamber. Provided is a powder atomizer used for condensing droplets of molten steel into a metal powder.

In one embodiment, the powder atomizer is connected to a vacuum melting chamber used to house the plurality of tundish and the injection ladle and a side wall of the vacuum melting chamber to provide the open melting. It further comprises an airtight guide device used to guide the molten steel in the furnace into the plurality of tundish.

In a fourth feature, in the apparatus-based powder atomization method provided in the third feature, the plurality of tundish of the device is a first tundish and a second tundish. Includes tundish. The powder atomization method receives the molten steel from the open ladle by the step of determining that the quality of the molten steel melted in the open ladle has reached a preset standard and the first tundish. The step and the determination that the injection ladle is in the first state, the molten steel is poured into the injection ladle from the first tundish that has received the molten steel inside, and the poured steel is poured. In the step of controlling the injection ladle so as to atomize it in the atomization chamber and pouring the molten steel into the injection ladle from the first tundish that received the molten steel inside, the second tundish Receiving the molten steel from the open ladle, determining that the amount of molten steel in the first tundish is less than the corresponding preset threshold, and receiving the molten steel internally. The step of pouring the molten steel from the second tundish into the injection ladle and pouring the received molten steel from the second tundish into the first tundish is a step of pouring the received molten steel into the first tundish. Receives the molten steel again from the open ladle.

In one embodiment, the method involves the step of replacing the refractory material of the injection ladle after the injection ladle atomizes the molten steel in a predetermined number of tundish, and the method of exchanging the refractory material. It is determined that the injection ladle is in the first state, and the heat-resistant material is replaced from the first tundish or the second tundish that has received the molten steel inside. It further comprises a step of controlling the injection ladle with which the refractory material has been replaced so that the molten steel is poured into the inside and the poured molten steel is atomized into the atomizing chamber.

[0027] In the fifth feature, the present specification describes an open ladle used for melting a raw material into molten steel in a powder atomizing apparatus, and the molten steel that receives and receives the molten steel from the open ladle. The temperature of the plurality of injection ladles is maintained in a preset range, and the molten steel is provided with a tundish used for pouring the molten steel into a plurality of injection ladles. The first injection ladle is used to atomize the poured molten steel into the atomization chamber in the first state, and the first state is preset. Receiving the molten steel from the pouring ladle after the first pouring ladle is filled with the molten steel poured from the tundish, including heating to the above temperature and connecting to the atomizing ladle. The second injection ladle was replaced with the first injection ladle to receive the molten steel from the tundish, and the atomization chamber provided droplets of atomized molten steel into the atomization chamber. Provided is a powder atomizer used for condensing into a metal powder.

In one embodiment, the powder atomizer is connected to a vacuum melting chamber used to house the tundish and the plurality of injection ladles and a side wall of the open melting furnace. It is further equipped with an airtight guide device used to guide the molten steel in the melting chamber into the tundish.

Further, in one specific embodiment, the powder atomizer further comprises a plurality of compartments, the number of the plurality of compartments being the same as the number of the plurality of pouring ladles, and the plurality of compartments. Sections are located relative to the side wall of the vacuum melting chamber, with a movable first baffle plate on the side wall and a movable second baffle plate on opposite sides of the first baffle plate, respectively. The baffle plate and the corresponding infusion ladle can be taken in and out of the vacuum melting chamber, and when the plurality of infusion ladles are taken in and out of the vacuum melting chamber, together with the vacuuming equipment, of the vacuum melting chamber. It is used to maintain the inside in a low oxygen state.

[0030] In another specific embodiment, the powder atomizer further comprises an annular track, wherein the plurality of injection ladles are fixedly arranged at equal intervals with respect to the annular track, and the annular track is used as a reference. Is used to move the plurality of pouring ladles one by one to the pouring place in order to receive the molten steel poured from the tundish.

In another specific embodiment, the powder atomizer further comprises an annular track and compartment, and the plurality of pouring ladles are detachably attached to the annular track relative to the annular track. Arranged, the annular track rotates the plurality of pouring ladles to a pouring site in order to receive the molten steel poured from the tundish and rotate the plurality of pouring ladles to the outlet. An infusion ladle is used to exit the vacuum melting chamber through a compartment, the compartment being located relative to the side wall of the vacuum melting chamber, the movable first baffle plate of the side wall and the said. Includes a movable second baffle plate on the opposite side of the first baffle plate in the vertical direction, allowing the plurality of infusion ladles to be taken in and out of the vacuum melting chamber, and the plurality of infusion ladles in the vacuum. It is used together with the vacuuming equipment to maintain the inside of the vacuum melting chamber in a low oxygen state when it is taken in and out of the melting chamber.

In a sixth feature, the present specification provides an apparatus-based powder atomization method provided by the fifth feature. This powder atomization method receives the molten steel from the open ladle by the tundish and the step of determining that the quality of the molten steel melted in the open ladle has reached a preset standard. The step and the determination that the first injection ladle is in the first state, the molten steel was poured into the first injection ladle from the tundish that received the molten steel inside, and the pouring was performed. The step of controlling the first pouring ladle to atomize the molten steel into the atomizing chamber and determining that the amount of molten steel in the tundish is less than the corresponding preset threshold. Then, the step of receiving the molten steel from the open melting furnace again by the tundish and replacing the first injection ladle with the second injection ladle and the step of replacing the first tundish with the second tongue. The step of replacing the dish and the determination that the second injection ladle is in the first state, the molten steel is poured into the second injection ladle from the tundish into which the molten steel is poured, and the ladle is poured. The second injection ladle is controlled so as to atomize the molten steel into the atomizing chamber.

In one embodiment, the device further comprises a vacuum melting chamber used to house the tundish and the plurality of injection ladles, and an airtight guide device connected to the side wall of the vacuum melting chamber. The step of receiving the molten steel from the open melting chamber by the tundish comprises guiding the molten steel in the open melting chamber by the airtight guide device.

[0034] Further, in one characteristic and specific embodiment, the vacuum melting is performed after the step of determining that the amount of molten steel in the tundish is less than the corresponding preset threshold value. It further comprises a step of controlling the first pouring ladle to exit the chamber and a step of replacing the refractory material of the first pouring ladle outside the vacuum melting chamber.

Further, in one embodiment, the apparatus further comprises a plurality of compartments, the number of the plurality of compartments is the same as the number of the plurality of injection ladle, and the plurality of compartments are vacuum melted. A movable first baffle plate of the side wall and a movable movable side opposite to the first baffle plate, which are arranged toward the outside of the vacuum melting chamber with respect to the side wall of the chamber, respectively. The step of controlling the first pouring ladle to exit the vacuum melting chamber further comprises a compartment comprising the second baffle plate of the first baffle plate so as to move and open. To control the injection ladle to move into the corresponding compartment, and to control the first baffle plate to move and close. It is provided with a step of controlling the second baffle plate so as to be such that the injection ladle is controlled so as to exit the vacuum melting chamber.

[0036] Another feature, in one specific embodiment, the apparatus further comprises an annular track located within the vacuum melting chamber, the plurality of injection ladles comprising the annular track. The step of replacing the first pouring ladle with the second pouring ladle, which is fixedly arranged at equal intervals to the reference, is such that the second pouring ladle is rotated to move it to the pouring place. It includes a step of controlling the annular track.

Further, in one example, after controlling the plurality of injection ladles so as to continuously receive the molten steel poured from the tundish, the vacuum melting chamber is opened and the plurality of injection ladles are opened. Replace the refractory material.

[0038] Another feature, in one specific embodiment, the device further comprises an annular track and compartment, the annular track being located within the vacuum melting chamber, said plurality. The injection ladle is detachably arranged at equal intervals with respect to the annular track, and the compartment is arranged toward the outside of the vacuum melting chamber with respect to the side wall of the vacuum melting chamber. A movable first baffle plate and a movable second baffle plate on the opposite side of the first baffle plate in the vertical direction are included, and the first pouring ladle is used as the second pouring ladle. The step of replacing the ladle comprises the step of controlling the annular track to move the second ladle to the pouring place and rotate to move the first ladle to the outlet. After the injection ladle 1 has moved to the outlet, the first baffle plate is controlled so as to move and open, and the first injection ladle is controlled so as to move into the compartment. The step of controlling the first baffle so as to move and close, and the step of controlling the second baffle plate so as to move and open, and the first injection. In order to replace the refractory material of the ladle, it includes a step of controlling the first injection ladle to exit the vacuum melting chamber.

[0039] Further, in one embodiment, after the heat-resistant material of the first injection ladle is replaced, it is determined that the second baffle plate is in the open state, and the second baffle plate is moved into the compartment. The step of controlling the first injection ladle as described above, the step of controlling the second baffle plate so as to be in a closed state, and the step of evacuating the first compartment with a vacuuming device, and the step of evacuating the compartment. It is provided with a step of determining that the inside is in a low oxygen state and controlling the first injection ladle so as to move onto the annular track.

In summary, the powder atomizing apparatus and powder atomizing method provided in the embodiments of the present specification have the following beneficial effects. 1. 1. An open melting furnace outside the chamber is used to melt the molten steel, making it possible to guarantee the purity of the molten steel in the melting process (such as by standing treatment), and the molten steel produces an overall powder. Dissolved without conflict with composition. 2. The induction furnace in the chamber is not used for melting and can receive pure molten steel at any time, which takes only about 10 minutes to prepare the molten steel in another melting furnace after the original molten steel has been poured out. This can save a great deal of preparation time for powder production. 3. 3. When the powder production of the current injection ladle is complete, the other injection ladle is preheated to a preset temperature so that powder production occurs immediately after the tundish in the chamber is filled with molten steel. Is well prepared. 4. Each infusion ladle is taken in and out of the chamber in a reliable and airtight manner so that the oxygen capacity of the chamber is unaffected when the infusion ladle is taken in and out of the chamber. 5. If two tundishes are placed in the chamber, each infusion ladle can be used for powder production five, six or more times, which improves the continuity of powder production. The cost of using heat resistant materials is significantly reduced. 6. The preparation time for powder production is shortened and even continuous powder production can be achieved, which can increase the powder production rate up to 15 hours per 24 hours, or even up to 24 hours per 24 hours.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an existing atomizing device. FIG. 2 shows a powder atomizer according to one embodiment. [0043] The powder atomizing apparatus according to another embodiment is shown. [0044] An apparatus for powder atomization according to still another embodiment is shown. [0045] A flowchart of a powder atomization method based on the apparatus of FIG. 2 according to one embodiment is shown. [0046] The powder atomizing apparatus according to one embodiment is shown. A flowchart of a powder atomization method based on the apparatus of FIG. 6 according to one embodiment is shown. [0048] The powder atomizing apparatus according to one embodiment is shown. [0049] Shown is a powder atomizer according to another embodiment. [0050] Shown is a powder atomizer according to another embodiment. [0051] An apparatus for powder atomization according to another embodiment is shown. [0052] A flowchart of a powder atomization method based on the apparatus of FIG. 8 according to one embodiment is shown. [0053] An apparatus for powder atomization according to an embodiment is shown. A powder atomizer according to another embodiment is shown.

In order to more clearly explain the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments according to the present invention, the technical solutions of the embodiments according to the present invention are described in reference to the accompanying drawings of the present embodiment. And it will be explained below.

The present specification provides a powder atomizer designed with an open melting furnace and a tundish. In one embodiment, the molten steel melted in the open melting furnace 210 is poured into the tundish 221 and then injected from the tundish 221. Molten steel is poured into the ladle 231. This ensures that the raw material is continuously added into the open melting furnace to ensure that the molten steel in the open melting furnace is sufficient, and the molten steel in the tundish 221 is completely poured into the pouring ladle 231. After that, the tundish 221 receives the molten steel directly from the open melting furnace 210 again within 10 minutes. Compared to the melting furnace 120 shown in FIG. 1, which takes 90 to 100 minutes to prepare the molten steel each time, the powder atomizing apparatus according to the present specification significantly shortens the preparation time of the molten steel. It should be noted that the powder atomizers provided herein can be used for water-based powder atomization as well as gas-based powder atomization, i.e., the atomization medium is not limited.

The powder atomizing apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present specification and the powder atomizing method based on the powder atomizing apparatus will be described in detail below.
As shown in FIG. 2, the powder atomization apparatus according to one embodiment includes an open melting furnace 210, a tundish 221 and an injection ladle 231 and an atomization chamber 240. FIG. 2 does not show the support for the open melting furnace 210 and the tundish 221 and only the relative positions of the open melting furnace 210, the tundish 221 and the injection ladle 231 and the atomization chamber 240 are understood. Shown to help.

[0059] Specifically, the open melting furnace 210 is used to melt the raw material into the molten steel, and the tundish 221 receives the molten steel from the open melting furnace 210, and the temperature of the received molten steel is set in a preset range. Keep inside and pour molten steel into the pouring ladle. Further, the injection ladle 231 is used to atomize the molten steel poured in the first state into the atomization chamber, in which the first state is heated to a preset temperature and the atomization chamber. Including connecting to. The atomizing chamber 240 is used to condense molten steel, that is, molten steel droplets, which are atomized inside, into a metal powder.

[0060] In one embodiment, the molten steel capacity V1 of the open melting furnace 210 is larger than the molten steel capacity V2 of the tundish. In one specific embodiment, the ratio of V1 to V2 is 2 or more. In one example, the open melting furnace 210 can melt 1000 kg of molten steel and the tundish 221 can receive 400 kg of molten steel.

[0061] In one embodiment, the tundish 221 may be an induction furnace having a heating function.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the powder atomizer may further include a vacuum melting chamber 250 for accommodating the tundish 221 and the injection ladle 231 and is an open melting furnace. The 210 is located outside the vacuum melting chamber 250. The vacuum melting chamber is arranged to create a low oxygen atmosphere to prevent oxidation during the process of pouring molten steel, especially molten steel of highly active metal such as Al, if the molten steel does not contain highly active metal. It should be noted that the vacuum melting chamber need not be provided or evacuated if it is not necessary to consider the oxidation of the molten steel. Further, the powder atomizer may further include an airtight guide device connected to the side wall of the vacuum melting chamber 250 and used to guide the molten steel in the open melting furnace 210 to the tundish 221. In one specific embodiment, the airtight guide device is composed of an inner material and an outer material, the inner material being a refractory material such as boron nitride or zirconium oxide, and the outer material being a metal such as steel. It is a material. In another specific embodiment, the airtight guide device may be an airtight guide groove or an airtight guide tube.

Further, in one specific embodiment, the powder atomizer is arranged facing the inside or outside of the vacuum melting chamber with respect to the side wall of the vacuum melting chamber, and the injection pan is located from the vacuum melting chamber. It is removable and has a compartment that keeps the inside of the vacuum melting chamber in a low oxygen state together with the vacuuming device when the injection pan is taken in and out of the vacuum melting chamber. In one example, as shown in FIG. 4, compartment 270 is located outward of the vacuum melting chamber and is perpendicular to the first baffle plate 271 belonging to the side wall of the vacuum melting chamber and the first baffle plate. Includes a movable second baffle plate 272 on the opposite side.

[0064] Based on the powder atomization apparatus provided in the above-described embodiment, the present specification further provides a powder atomization method. FIG. 5 shows a flowchart of a powder atomization method based on the apparatus shown in FIG. 2 according to one embodiment. As shown in FIG. 5, the powder atomization method specifically comprises the following steps: step S510 to determine if the quality of the molten steel melted in the open ladle has reached a preset standard; Step S520 to receive molten steel from an open ladle using a refractory; determine if the injection ladle is in the first state, pour molten steel from the refractory that received the molten steel into the injection ladle, and pour the molten steel. Step S530 of controlling the injection ladle to atomize into the atomization chamber; determine if the amount of molten steel in the tundish is less than the corresponding threshold set in advance and open-type melting by the tundish. Step S540; which receives the molten steel from the furnace again and replaces the heat-resistant material of the injection ladle; and determines whether the injection ladle whose heat-resistant material has been replaced is in the first state, and removes the heat-resistant material from the tundish that received the molten steel. Step S550 to control the injection ladle in which the refractory material has been exchanged so that the molten steel is poured again into the exchanged injection ladle and the molten steel to be poured is atomized into the atomization chamber.

First, in step S510, it is determined whether the quality of the molten steel melted in the open melting furnace has reached a preset standard.
Based on the manufacturing process, the raw material corresponding to the powder to be prepared is placed in the open melting furnace 210 shown in FIG. 2 and opened by a monitoring system for monitoring the composition and temperature of the molten steel. It is determined whether or not the quality of the molten steel melted in the melting furnace 210 has reached a preset standard.

If it is determined that the quality of the molten steel has reached a preset standard, step S520 is performed and the tundish receives the molten steel from the open melting furnace.
[0068] In one embodiment, the tundish 221 is open melted until it is detected that the molten steel in the tundish 221 has reached a preset height, i.e. the tundish 221 is filled with molten steel. It is controlled to receive molten steel from the furnace 210.

Next, in step S530, when it is determined that the injection ladle is in the first state, the molten steel is poured into the injection ladle using the tundish that received the molten steel inside, and the injection ladle is opened. , The poured molten steel is controlled to be atomized into the atomization chamber.

Here, in the first state, the injection ladle is connected to the atomization chamber, that is, the injection ladle is located at a position where molten steel can be poured into it (injection). The position where molten steel can be poured into the ladle is hereinafter abbreviated as the pouring position), and the injection ladle is preheated to a preset temperature. The tundish 221 filled with molten steel pours the molten steel into the injection ladle 231 and at the same time the injection ladle 231 is controlled to atomize the molten steel poured into the atomization chamber, thereby after atomization. The obtained molten steel droplets are condensed into a metal powder in the atomizing chamber 240.

Next, in step S540, if it is determined that the amount of molten steel in the tundish is less than the corresponding threshold value set in advance, the tundish receives the molten steel from the open melting furnace again and injects it. The refractory material of the ladle is replaced.

[0072] Here, the purpose of determining that the amount of molten steel in the tundish is less than the corresponding threshold set in advance is to confirm that the molten steel in the tundish has been completely poured out. Yes, the amount of molten steel is the mass or volume of the molten steel, and the corresponding preset thresholds are the preset mass thresholds or the preset volume thresholds. Further, whether or not the molten steel in the tundish has been completely poured out can be determined from a criterion for determining whether or not the inclination angle with respect to the horizontal plane has reached a preset angle such as 5 ° or 0 °.

[0073] Further, when it is determined that the molten steel in the tundish 221 is completely poured out, the tundish 221 receives the molten steel again from the open melting furnace 210, and the refractory material in the injection ladle 231 is replaced. To.

Next, in step S550, when it is determined that the injection ladle in which the refractory material has been replaced is in the first state, the molten steel is added to the injection ladle in which the refractory material has been replaced from the tundish that has received the molten steel again. The injection ladle, which has been poured and the refractory material has been replaced, is controlled to atomize the poured molten steel in the atomization chamber.

[0075] According to an example, in the case of a tundish capable of accommodating 300 kg of molten steel, it usually takes about 25 minutes to pour out the molten steel in the tundish, and it usually takes about 10 minutes to fill the tundish with molten steel. It usually takes about 35 minutes to replace the refractory material in the injection ladle to bring the refractory ladle melt to the first state, which results in 10 continuous powder production per 24 hours. Can be extended to time.

[0076] As described above, the open melting furnace 210 and the tundish 221 are designed so that the tundish 221 continuously melts the molten steel from the open melting furnace 210 after the molten steel in the tundish 221 is completely poured out. The molten steel in the open melting furnace 210 is maintained enough to be received, which significantly shortens the molten steel preparation method, thus increasing the powder production rate and powder production time of about 10 hours. Can be extended to.

Further, in one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the powder atomizer may further include a vacuum melting chamber 250 and an airtight guide device. Considering the case where molten steel containing a highly active metal component is melted, when a highly active metal component (raw material containing a metal element that is easily oxidized) is added into the open melting furnace 210, the highly active material such as Al or Ti becomes May be oxidized, the vacuum melting chamber 250 is configured to accommodate the tundish 221 to receive the highly active material, the other materials are melted in the open melting furnace 210, and the tundish 221 is By means of molten steel received from the open melting furnace 210, the highly active material can be melted to achieve further regulation of the molten steel components. In response to this, step S510 determines that the quality of the molten steel melted from the raw material other than the easily oxidized material in the open melting furnace 210 reaches the corresponding preset threshold value, and in step S520. When the tundish 221 receives the molten steel in step S520, the prone to oxidize material is dissolved in the molten steel received in the tundish 221, comprising placing a previously oxidizable material in the tundish. You may.

[0078] Further, in step S520, the molten steel in the open melting furnace 210 can be guided into the tundish 221 by an airtight guide device. In one specific embodiment, the airtight guide device may include an airtight connector 261 and an airtight guide tube 262 shown in FIG. Correspondingly, in step S520, the steel container 211 of the open melting furnace 210 is inserted into the airtight connector 261 and then the molten steel is guided into the tundish 221 by the guide pipe 262.

[0079] Further, the powder atomizer may further include a compartment, which is arranged facing the inside or outside of the vacuum melting chamber with respect to the side wall of the vacuum melting chamber, and the injection pan is vacuum melted. It is used to allow the infusion pan to be taken in and out of the vacuum melting chamber when it is taken in and out of the chamber, and works with the vacuuming equipment to keep the inside of the vacuum melting chamber in a low oxygen state. The process by which the injection ladle 231 emerges from the vacuum melting chamber to replace the refractory material and then enters the vacuum melting chamber to receive the molten steel after the refractory material has been replaced is described below in relation to compartment 270 shown in FIG. Explain to.

[0080] First, the injection ladle 231 is controlled to exit the vacuum melting furnace 250 through the following steps. The first baffle plate 271 is controlled to move in an open state, and the injection ladle 231 is controlled to move into the compartment 270. Next, the first baffle plate 271 is controlled and moved so as to be in a closed state. After that, the second baffle plate 272 is controlled and moved to be in an open state, and the injection ladle 231 is controlled to be moved out of the vacuum melting chamber 250.

Next, after the refractory material of the injection ladle 231 is exchanged outside the vacuum melting chamber 250, the injection ladle 231 is controlled and put into the vacuum melting chamber 250 through the following steps. It is determined that the second baffle plate 272 is in the open state, the injection ladle 231 is controlled to move it into the compartment 270, and then the second baffle plate 272 is controlled to be in the closed state. And vacuum compartment 270 using a vacuuming device. Next, it is determined that the inside of the compartment 270 is in a hypoxic state, and the injection ladle 231 is controlled to move into the vacuum melting chamber 250.

As described above, the partitioning means allows the injection pan to be taken in and out of the vacuum melting chamber without affecting the amount of oxygen in the vacuum melting chamber, i.e. the vacuum melting chamber is in a low oxygen state. It is maintained, which prevents oxidation of the molten steel in the vacuum melting chamber.

[0083] According to another embodiment provided herein, more tundish may be arranged based on the powder atomizer shown in FIG. FIG. 6 shows a powder atomizer according to one embodiment. As shown in FIG. 6, the powder atomizer includes an open melting furnace 210, a plurality of tundish such as tundish 221 and tundish 222, and an injection ladle 231. Specifically, the open melting furnace 210 is used to melt the raw material into molten steel. The plurality of tundish alternately receive molten steel from an open melting furnace and continuously and alternately pour molten steel into an injection ladle. The injection ladle 231 continuously atomizes the molten steel poured into the atomization chamber in the first state, in which the first state is heated to a preset temperature and connected to the atomization chamber. .. The atomizing chamber 240 condenses the atomized molten steel droplets inside into a metal powder.

[0084] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the powder atomizer may further include a vacuum melting chamber 250 and an airtight guide device, wherein the vacuum melting chamber 250 includes a tundish 221 and a tundish 222. And used to house the injection ladle 231 and the airtight guide device is connected to the side wall of the vacuum melting chamber 250 and is used to guide the molten steel in the open melting furnace 210 to multiple tundish. In one example, the airtight guide device includes an airtight connector 261 and an airtight guide tube 262.

[0085] Based on the powder atomization apparatus provided in the above-described embodiment, the present specification further provides a powder atomization method. FIG. 7 shows a flowchart of a powder atomization method based on the apparatus shown in FIG. 6 according to one embodiment. As shown in FIG. 7, the powder atomization method specifically comprises the following steps: Step S710 to determine if the quality of molten steel melted in an open melting furnace has reached a preset standard. Step S720 to receive molten steel from the open melting furnace by the first tundish; determine that the injection ladle is in the first state, and inject molten steel from the first tundish that received the molten steel inside. The injection ladle is controlled to atomize the molten steel poured into the atomization chamber, and the second tundish receives the molten steel from the open melting furnace in step S730; and in the first tundish. Determine if the amount of molten steel in is less than the corresponding preset threshold, pour the molten steel from the second tundish that received the molten steel inside into the injection ladle, and receive the molten steel in the second tundish. In the step of pouring the molten steel into the pouring ladle, the first tundish is step S740 in which the molten steel is received again from the open melting furnace. The details of the powder atomization method are as follows.

In step S710, it is determined whether the quality of the molten steel melted in the open melting furnace has reached a preset standard.
[0087] Step S710 can be described by referring to the description of step S510 described above, and will not be described in more detail here.

[0088] In step S720, the first tundish receives the molten steel from the open melting furnace.
[089] Step S720 can be described with reference to the description of step S520 described above, and will not be described further here.

In step S730, when it is determined that the injection ladle is in the first state, the first tundish that has received the molten steel inside pours the molten steel into the injection ladle, and the injection ladle is in the atomization chamber. In the process of pouring molten steel into the injection ladle from the first tundish that is controlled to atomize the molten steel poured inside and receives the molten steel inside, the second tundish is from the open melting chamber. Receive molten steel.

[0091] In one embodiment, in the step of pouring molten steel from the tundish 221 into the pouring ladle 231 the tundish 222 receives the molten steel from the open melting furnace 210. Since the time to completely pour the molten steel from each of the tundish 221 is shorter than the time to fill the tundish with the molten steel, fill the tundish 222 with the molten steel before the molten steel in the tundish 221 is completely poured out. Can be.

[0092] Further, in step S730, the description can be made with reference to the above description of step S530, which will not be described further here.
[093] In step S740, when it is determined that the amount of molten steel in the first tundish is less than the corresponding threshold value set in advance, the second tundish receiving the molten steel internally removes the molten steel. Continuing to pour into the pouring ladle, the first tundish receives the molten steel again from the open melting furnace.

[0094] In one embodiment, after the molten steel in the tundish 221 is completely poured out, the tundish 222 filled with molten steel is replaced with the tundish 221 in order to continue pouring the molten steel into the infusion ladle 231. At the same time, the tundish 221 receives the molten steel again from the open ladle furnace 210. As a result, the tundish 221 and the tundish 222 alternately receive the molten steel from the open melting furnace 250 and continue to alternately pour the molten steel into the injection ladle 231 to end the useful life of the refractory material in the injection ladle 231. To ensure that the molten steel in the infusion ladle 231 is always sufficient, that is, the infusion ladle 231 can be replaced until the infusion ladle 231 receives the molten steel in a preset number of tundish. This can extend the powder production time, increase the powder production rate, and save the refractory material of the infusion ladle.

[0905] According to one example, in the case of two tundish capable of accommodating a molten steel having a mass of 300 kg, it usually takes about 25 minutes to completely pour out the molten steel in either tundish, and it takes about 25 minutes for either tundish. It usually takes about 10 minutes to fill the molten steel, and one injection ladle can usually receive the molten steel in 5-6 tundish continuously, and the refractory material in the injection ladle can be replaced to make the refractory material. It usually takes about 35 minutes to put the replaced ladle in the first state, which extends the continuous powder production time per 24 hours to 18-20 hours.

[096] As described above, the open melting furnace 210 and the tundish 221 are designed to ensure that the tundish 221 and the tundish 222 alternately receive molten steel from the open melting furnace 210, and the injection ladle. In order to continuously pour the molten steel into the 231, the molten steel in the open melting furnace 210 is sufficiently maintained, the preparation time of the molten steel is greatly shortened, and the molten steel in a predetermined number of tundish is injected into the ladle 231. After continuous receipt, the refractory material in the injection ladle 231 is replaced, the powder production time is extended, the powder production rate is improved, and the refractory material in the injection ladle is saved.

[097] According to another embodiment provided herein, more injection ladles can be arranged based on the powder atomizer shown in FIG. FIG. 8 shows a powder atomizer according to one embodiment. As shown in FIG. 8, the powder atomizer includes a plurality of injection ladle such as an open melting furnace 210, a tundish 221 and an injection ladle 231 and an injection ladle 232, and an atomization chamber (not shown). ing. Specifically, the open melting furnace 210 is used to melt the raw material into the molten steel, and the tundish 221 receives the molten steel from the open melting furnace 210 and keeps the temperature of the received molten steel within a preset range. Maintaining and pouring molten steel into the injection ladle, the injection ladle 231 atomizes the molten steel injected into the atomization chamber in the first state, where the first state is to a preset temperature. After the infusion ladle 231 was filled with molten steel from the tundish 221 including the connection with the heating and atomization chamber, the infusion ladle 232 was from the tundish 221 which received the molten steel again from the open melting furnace. The injection ladle 231 is replaced to receive the molten steel in the atomization chamber, in which the atomized molten steel droplets are condensed into metal powder.

[0998] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, the powder atomizer further comprises a vacuum melting chamber 250 and an airtight guide device, wherein the vacuum melting chamber 250 is a tundish 221 and an injection ladle. A pan 231 and an injection ladle 232, and an airtight guide device are connected to the side walls of the vacuum melting chamber 250 and are used to guide the molten steel in the open melting 210 to the tundish 221.

[00099] Further, in one specific embodiment, the powder atomizer has a plurality of compartments, each compartment being located relative to the side wall of the vacuum melting chamber and a movable first belonging to the side wall. The baffle plate is provided with a movable second baffle plate that is perpendicular to the first baffle plate and the compartments are filled with the corresponding ladle in and out of the vacuum melting chamber. It is used to maintain the inside of the vacuum melting chamber in a hypoxic state together with the vacuuming equipment when the ladle is moved in and out of the vacuum melting chamber. In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, compartments 270 and 275 are arranged to allow the infusion ladle 231 and infusion ladle 232 to enter the vacuum melting chamber 250. In this way, each of the plurality of injection ladles has an independent moving track and an independent compartment, which increases the speed of exchanging the refractory material in the injection ladles and the pouring position. The injection ladle in is filled with molten steel and can be immediately replaced with another injection ladle.

[0100] In another specific embodiment, the powder atomizer further comprises an annular track, with a plurality of pouring ladles fixedly arranged at equal intervals relative to the annular track, and the annular track is a plurality. It is used to move the pouring ladle one by one to the pouring position so that it can receive the molten steel. In one example, as shown in FIG. 10, the powder atomizer further comprises an annular track 290, with the injection ladle 231, the injection ladle 232, the injection ladle 233, and the injection ladle 234 evenly spaced on the annular track 290. It is fixed with.

[0101] In another specific embodiment, the powder atomizer further comprises an annular track and compartment, and the plurality of pouring ladles are detachably arranged at equal intervals relative to the annular track and are annular. The truck rotates multiple injection ladles individually to the pouring position to receive molten steel from the tundish, and then exits the injection ladles so that the injection ladles exit the vacuum melting chamber through the compartment. Rotate towards. The compartment is located relative to the side wall of the vacuum melting chamber, with a movable first baffle plate belonging to the side wall and a movable second baffle plate on the opposite side of the first baffle plate in the vertical direction. It contains, which is used to move the infusion ladle in and out of the vacuum melting chamber and to keep the vacuum melting chamber in a hypoxic state with the vacuuming device as the infusion ladle goes in and out of the vacuum melting chamber. In one example, as shown in FIG. 11, the powder atomizer is detachably arranged on the annular track 290 at equal intervals, compartment 278, annular track 295, injection ladle 231 and injection ladle 232, injection ladle. It is equipped with a pan 233 and an injection ladle 234.

[0102] Based on the powder atomization apparatus provided in the above-described embodiment, the present specification further provides a powder atomization method. FIG. 12 shows a flowchart of a powder atomization method based on the apparatus of FIG. 8 according to one embodiment. As shown in FIG. 7, the powder atomization method specifically comprises the following steps: step S1210; determining whether the quality of the molten steel melted in the open ladle furnace has reached a preset standard; Using a dish, step S1220 to receive molten steel from an open melting furnace; determine if the first pouring ladle is in the first state and pour molten steel from the tundish that received the molten steel into the first pouring ladle. Step S1230 of controlling the injection ladle to atomize the poured molten steel into the atomization chamber; determine if the amount of molten steel in the tundish is less than the corresponding preset threshold and tan Step S1240; re-receive the molten steel from the open melting furnace using a dish and replace the first pouring ladle with the second pouring ladle; and determine if the second pouring ladle is in the first state. Then, the molten steel is poured from the tundish that has received the molten steel into the second injection ladle, and the second injection ladle is controlled so as to atomize the molten steel poured into the atomization chamber. Step S1250.

[0103] First, in step S1210, it is determined whether or not the quality of the molten steel melted in the open melting furnace has reached a preset standard. In step S1220, the tundish receives the molten steel from the open melting furnace. Next, in step S1230, it is determined whether the first injection ladle is in the first state, the tundish receiving the molten steel pours the molten steel into the first injection ladle, and the first injection ladle has fine particles. It is controlled to atomize the molten steel poured into the chemical chamber.

[0104] The description of step S1210, step S1220, and step S1230 can be described with reference to the description of step S510, step S520, and step S530 described above, and will not be described in more detail here. Please note.

[0105] Next, in step S1240, if it is determined that the amount of molten steel in the tundish is less than the corresponding threshold value set in advance, the tundish receives the molten steel from the open ladle again. The first injection ladle is replaced with the second injection ladle. Next, in step S1250, it is determined that the second injection ladle is in the first state, and the tundish that has received the molten steel in it pours the molten steel into the second injection ladle, and the second injection ladle is taken. The ladle is controlled to atomize the molten steel poured into the atomization chamber.

[0106] According to the above description, unlike the case where there is only one injection ladle and the injection ladle is reheated to a preset temperature after waiting for the heat-resistant material of the injection ladle to be replaced, in this step, the first step is performed. After one injection ladle is filled with molten steel, the first injection ladle can be immediately replaced with a second injection ladle filled with molten steel, which reduces the preparation time of the injection ladle. Can be shortened. Further, after the first injection ladle is replaced, the refractory material of the first injection ladle is replaced and the first injection ladle is heated, whereby the second injection ladle is made of molten steel. It can be replaced in a timely manner with a first pouring ladle in which the refractory material has been replaced after filling.

[0107] According to one example, in the case of a tundish capable of accommodating 300 kg of molten steel, it usually takes about 25 minutes to pour out the molten steel in the tundish, and it usually takes about 10 minutes to fill the tundish with molten steel. It usually takes about 15 minutes to pull the first infusion ladle out of the pouring position to replace the second infusion ladle, which allows continuous powder production per 24 hours if there are two infusion ladles. The time can be extended to about 15 hours. Further, in order to sufficiently ensure the replacement continuity of the injection ladle, three or more injection ladle may be arranged.

[0108] Further, in one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 12, the powder atomizer further includes a vacuum melting chamber 250 and an airtight guide device, and the vacuum melting chamber 250 includes a tundish 221 and an injection ladle. Used to house the pot 231 and the injection ladle 232, the vacuum guide device is connected to the side wall of the vacuum melting chamber 250 and is used to guide the molten steel in the open melting furnace 210 into the tundish 221. ..

[0109] Further, in one specific embodiment, the powder atomizer further comprises a plurality of compartments. As shown in FIG. 9, compartments 270 and 275 are arranged such that the infusion ladle 231 and the infusion ladle 232 can enter the vacuum melting chamber 250, respectively. In this embodiment, each ladle has a separate moving track and a separate track that goes in and out of the vacuum melting chamber, so that the movement of the ladle and the exchange of refractory materials do not interfere with each other. This can be done, resulting in an increase in the preparation speed of the infusion ladle and ensuring continuity of infusion ladle replacement. In addition, the injection ladle can enter and exit the compartment as shown in the above description, and no further details will be given here.

[0110] In another specific embodiment, the powder atomizer further comprises an annular track. Multiple injection ladles are fixedly arranged at equal intervals relative to the annular track, which is used to move multiple injection ladles one by one to the pouring position to receive molten steel from the tundish. Be done.

[0111] Correspondingly, in step S1240, replacing the first injection ladle with a second injection ladle causes the annular track to rotate in order for the second injection ladle to move to the injection position. Includes control over. In one example, as shown in FIG. 10, after the injection ladle 231 is filled with molten steel from the tundish, the annular track 290 is controlled to rotate clockwise to move the injection ladle 232 to the pouring position. To do. First, since the injection ladle does not need to be disassembled because it is fixed to the truck, the service life of the injection ladle can be extended. Second, the plurality of injection ladles are rotated so as to occupy only a small space, have good flexibility, and operate conveniently. Third, the injection ladle that does not meet the powder atomization condition is immediately replaced with the next injection ladle, and the shortest replacement time can be controlled within 1 minute. Fourth, the multiple infusion ladles are all fixed in the chamber, which keeps the chamber airtight in the process of producing powder through the multiple infusion ladles, thus reducing the oxygen capacity in the chamber. Let me. Fifth, multiple pouring ladles can be continuously rotated to the pouring position along the annular track to receive molten steel from the tundish until all pouring ladles have completed atomization. The vacuum melting chamber was then opened to replace the refractory material and to clean the tundish lining, which greatly reduced the preparation time of the injection ladle and powdered if there were four injection ladles. The production rate can exceed 16 hours per 24 hours.

[0112] In another specific embodiment, the powder atomizer further comprises an annular track and compartment, and the plurality of pouring ladles are detachably arranged at equal intervals relative to the annular track and are annular. The truck is used to rotate multiple infusion ladles to the pouring position and then to the outlet to receive the molten steel from the tundish, which causes the infusion ladles to evacuate through the compartment. You can get out of the chamber.

[0113] Correspondingly, in step S1240, replacing the first injection ladle with the second injection ladle causes the second injection ladle to move to the pouring position and the first injection ladle. It involves controlling the circular track to rotate so that it moves to the exit. Furthermore, after the first infusion ladle has moved to the outlet, this method controls the first infusion ladle to exit the vacuum melting chamber to replace the refractory material, the first infusion ladle. Is further provided with control to enter the vacuum melting chamber. In one example, as shown in FIG. 11, after the injection ladle 231 is filled with molten steel, the annular track 290 rotates clockwise to move the injection ladle 233 to the pouring position and exit the injection ladle 231. The position of the injection ladle 233 and the position of the injection ladle 231 are exchanged, that is, while the injection ladle 233 is receiving the molten steel, the injection ladle 231 is controlled to move to. It is controlled to exit the chamber via compartment 278 to replace the refractory material in the injection ladle 231 and return into the chamber after replacing the refractory material. In this embodiment, the compartments are arranged so that the infusion ladle can be easily removed from the chamber for the exchange of refractory material, thus ensuring continuous replacement of the infusion ladle. Due to the arrangement of the compartments, the replacement of the integrated heat resistant material and the cleaning of the tundish lining can be performed without opening the vacuum melting chamber, and the powder production rate is further increased to more than 17 hours. Will be increased.

[0114] As described above, a plurality of injection ladle are arranged so that the preparation time of the injection ladle is shortened. In addition, annular trucks are arranged to increase the speed at which the injection ladle is replaced, ensuring the continuity of the injection ladle replacement, which increases the powder production rate.

[0115] As described above, FIGS. 2-4 show a powder atomizer equipped with an open melting furnace, a tundish, and an infusion ladle. FIG. 6 shows a powder atomizer equipped with an open melting furnace, a plurality of tundish, and an injection ladle. 8 to 11 show a powder atomizer equipped with an open melting furnace, a tundish, and a plurality of injection ladles. It should be noted that the specification also provides a powder atomizer with an open melting furnace, multiple tundish, and multiple infusion ladles. The powder atomizing apparatus will be specifically described below in combination with FIGS. 13 and 14.

[0116] As shown in FIG. 13, the powder atomizing apparatus includes an open melting furnace 210, a tundish 221 and a tundish 222, an injection ladle 231 and an injection ladle 232, an injection ladle 233, and an injection ladle 234. It is equipped with a vacuum melting chamber 250 and an annular track 290. Based on the apparatus shown in FIG. 13, in one example, the powder atomization method comprises the following steps: First, the tundish 221 receives the molten steel from the open melting furnace 210; then from the tundish 221. The molten steel is poured into the injection ladle 231 and received from the open melting furnace 210 by the tundish 222; then the tundish when the amount of molten steel in the tundish 221 is less than a preset threshold. From 222, molten steel is poured into the injection ladle 231. In this method, the tundish 221 and the tundish 222 alternately pour molten steel into the infusion ladle 231, which extends the continuous powder production time and saves the refractory material in the infusion ladle. Furthermore, after the injection ladle 231 has received the molten steel from a preset number of tundish, the annular truck 290 allows the injection ladle 232 to receive the molten steel again from the tundish 221 or tundish 222. Controlled to rotate clockwise, the injection ladle 231 and the injection ladle 232, the injection ladle 233, and the injection ladle 234 all atomize the molten steel in the tundish in a preset number and then vacuum. The melting chamber is opened to allow the exchange of refractory materials and the cleaning of the tundish lining at once, which significantly reduces the preparation time for molten steel and infusion ladles, resulting in a powder production rate of 20 hours per 24 hours. Increase to exceed.

As shown in FIG. 14, the powder atomizing apparatus includes an open melting furnace 210, a tundish 221 and a tundish 222, an injection ladle 231 and an injection ladle 232, an injection ladle 233, and an injection ladle 234. It comprises a vacuum melting chamber 250, an annular track 290, and a compartment 278. Based on the apparatus shown in FIG. 13, in one example, the powder atomization method comprises the following steps: first, the tundish 221 receives the molten steel from the open melting furnace 210; then the tundish 221 injects the molten steel. Pour into the ladle 231 and receive the molten steel from the open melting furnace 210 by the tundish 222; and then the tundish 222 if the amount of molten steel in the tundish 221 is less than a preset threshold. The molten steel is poured into the injection ladle 231. In this method, the tundish 221 and the tundish 222 alternately pour molten steel into the infusion ladle 231, which extends the continuous powder production time and saves the refractory material of the infusion ladle. Furthermore, after the injection ladle 231 has received the molten steel from a preset number of tundish, the annular truck 290 allows the injection ladle 233 to receive the molten steel from the tundish 221 or tundish 222. Controlled to rotate 180 ° counterclockwise, at this moment the injection ladle 231 exits the vacuum melting chamber 250 through compartment 278 to replace the refractory material, after replacing the refractory material. , Controlled to return to the vacuum melting chamber 250. In this method, the injection ladle 231 and the injection ladle 232, the injection ladle 233, and the injection ladle 234 can receive a preset number of molten steels in the tundish and put the molten steel in one injection ladle. Within the step of pouring into, the refractory material of the infusion ladle can be replaced, which allows continuous powder production to be achieved, with powder production rates reaching approximately 14 hours per 24 hours.

[0118] In summary, the powder atomizing apparatus and powder atomizing method provided in the embodiments of the present specification have the following beneficial effects: 1. An open melting furnace outside the chamber is used to melt the molten steel, making it possible to guarantee the purity of the molten steel in the melting process (by standing treatment, etc.), which conflicts with the overall powder production composition. Dissolved without. 2. The induction furnace in the chamber is not used for melting and can receive pure molten steel at any time, which takes only about 10 minutes to prepare the molten steel in another melting furnace after the original molten steel has been poured out. This can save a great deal of preparation time for powder production. 3. 3. When the powder production of the current injection ladle is complete, the other injection ladle is preheated to a preset temperature so that powder production occurs immediately after the tundish in the chamber is filled with molten steel. Is well prepared. 4. Each infusion ladle is taken in and out of the chamber in a reliable and airtight manner so that the oxygen capacity of the chamber is unaffected when the infusion ladle is taken in and out of the chamber. 5. If two tundishes are placed in the chamber, each infusion ladle can be used for powder production five, six or more times, which improves the continuity of powder production. The cost of using heat resistant materials is significantly reduced. 6. The preparation time for powder production is shortened and even continuous powder production can be achieved, which can increase the powder production rate up to 15 hours per 24 hours, or even up to 24 hours per 24 hours.

[0119] Objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of the present invention are described in more detail in the specific embodiments described above. It should be understood that the above embodiments are merely specific of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of rights of the present invention. Modifications, substitutions, and improvements made under the technical solutions of the invention should also be included in the scope of the invention.

Claims (32)

In the powder atomizer
An open melting furnace used to melt raw materials into molten steel,
It is equipped with a tundish used to receive molten steel from the open melting furnace, maintain the temperature of the received molten steel within a preset range, and pour the molten steel into an injection ladle.
The injection ladle is used in the first state to atomize the poured molten steel into the atomization chamber, the first state of heating to a preset temperature and the atomization. Including connecting to the chamber
The atomizing chamber is a powder atomizing apparatus used for condensing droplets of molten steel atomized in the atomizing chamber into a metal powder. In the apparatus according to claim 1,
A vacuum melting chamber used to house the tundish and the injection ladle,
An apparatus further comprising an airtight guide device connected to the side wall of the vacuum melting chamber and used to guide the molten steel in the open melting furnace into the tundish. The device according to claim 2, wherein the airtight guide device includes at least an inner material and an outer material, the inner material being a heat resistant material, and the outer material being a metal material. In the apparatus according to claim 2,
A section arranged toward the inside or the outside of the vacuum melting chamber with reference to the side wall of the vacuum melting chamber, the movable first baffle plate of the side wall and the first baffle plate. Includes a movable second baffle plate on the opposite side in the vertical direction to allow the infusion pan to be taken in and out of the vacuum melting chamber and vacuum as the infusion pan is taken in and out of the vacuum melting chamber. A device further comprising a compartment used to keep the inside of the vacuum melting chamber in a low oxygen state together with the chemical equipment. In the apparatus according to claim 1, the tundish is an induction furnace having a heating function. The device according to claim 1, wherein the volume of the open melting furnace is larger than the volume of the tundish. In the powder atomization method based on the apparatus according to claim 1,
A step of determining that the quality of the molten steel melted in the open melting furnace has reached a preset standard, and
The step of receiving molten steel from the open melting furnace by the tundish, and
It is determined that the injection ladle is in the first state, molten steel is poured into the injection ladle from the tundish that has received the molten steel inside, and the poured molten steel is atomized into the atomization chamber. A method comprising a step of controlling the infusion ladle so as to be. In the method of claim 7, after the step of controlling the injection ladle to atomize the molten steel poured into the atomization chamber.
Determining that the amount of molten steel in the tundish is less than the corresponding preset threshold, the tundish again receives the molten steel from the open ladle and uses the refractory material of the injection ladle. Steps to replace and
It is determined that the injection ladle in which the heat-resistant material has been replaced is in the first state, and the molten steel is placed in the injection ladle in which the heat-resistant material has been replaced from the tundish that has received the molten steel inside again. The method further comprises a step of controlling the injection ladle to which the refractory material has been replaced so that the poured molten steel is atomized into the atomization chamber. In the method according to claim 7, when the amount of molten steel in the open melting furnace is less than the corresponding threshold value set in advance, the raw material to be melted into molten steel is placed in the open melting furnace. How to add. In the method of claim 7, the apparatus further comprises a vacuum melting chamber used to house the tundish and the infusion ladle, and an airtight guide device connected to the side wall of the vacuum melting chamber. ,
The step of receiving molten steel from the open melting furnace by the tundish is
A method of guiding the molten steel in the open melting furnace into the tundish by the airtight guide device. In the method according to claim 10, the raw material to be melted into molten steel contains a material that can be easily oxidized, and a step of determining that the quality of the molten steel in the open melting furnace has reached a preset standard. Is
Including determining that the quality of molten steel melted from the raw material other than the easily oxidizable material in the open melting furnace has reached a preset standard.
Prior to the step of receiving molten steel from the open melting furnace by the tundish, the method
Further comprising a step of placing the readily oxidizable material in the tundish such that the readily oxidizable material melts in the molten steel received in the tundish in the vacuum melting chamber. Method. In the method of claim 10, the step of replacing the refractory material of the injection ladle is
A step of controlling the injection ladle to exit the vacuum melting chamber,
A method comprising the steps of replacing the refractory material in the infusion ladle outside the vacuum melting chamber. In the method according to claim 12, the apparatus is a section arranged toward the outside of the vacuum melting chamber with respect to the side wall of the vacuum melting chamber, and is a movable first baffle of the side wall. Further comprising a compartment comprising a plate and a movable second baffle plate on the opposite side of the first baffle plate in the vertical direction.
The step of controlling the injection ladle to exit the vacuum melting chamber is
A step of controlling the first baffle plate to move and open, and controlling the injection ladle to move into the compartment.
The step of controlling the first baffle plate so that it moves and becomes closed, and
A method comprising controlling the second baffle plate to move and open, and controlling the infusion ladle to exit the vacuum melting chamber. In the method of claim 13, after the step of replacing the refractory material in the infusion ladle,
A step of determining that the second baffle plate is in the open state and controlling the injection ladle to move into the compartment.
A step of controlling the second baffle plate so as to be in a closed state and evacuating the first section with a vacuuming device.
A method comprising a step of determining that the interior of the compartment is hypoxic and controlling the infusion ladle to move into the vacuum melting chamber. In the powder atomizer
An open melting furnace used to melt raw materials into molten steel,
It comprises a plurality of tundish used to alternately receive molten steel from the open melting furnace and continuously and alternately pour the molten steel into an infusion ladle.
The injection ladle is used in the first state to continuously atomize the poured molten steel into the atomization chamber, the first state of heating to a preset temperature. Including connecting to the atomization chamber
The atomizing chamber is a powder atomizing apparatus used for condensing droplets of molten steel atomized in the atomizing chamber into a metal powder. In the apparatus according to claim 15,
A vacuum melting chamber used to house the plurality of tundish and the injection ladle,
An apparatus further comprising an airtight guide device connected to the side wall of the vacuum melting chamber and used to guide the molten steel in the open melting furnace into the plurality of tundish. In the powder atomization method based on the apparatus according to claim 15, the plurality of tundish of the apparatus includes a first tundish and a second tundish.
A step of determining that the quality of the molten steel melted in the open melting furnace has reached a preset standard, and
The step of receiving molten steel from the open melting furnace by the first tundish, and
It is determined that the injection ladle is in the first state, the molten steel is poured into the injection ladle from the first tundish that has received the molten steel inside, and the poured molten steel is atomized. In the step of controlling the injection ladle so as to atomize the inside of the chamber and pouring the molten steel into the injection ladle from the first tundish that received the molten steel inside, the second tundish is opened. Receive the molten steel from the Shiki ladle, step and
It is determined that the amount of molten steel in the first tundish is less than the corresponding threshold value set in advance, and the molten steel is poured into the injection ladle from the second tundish that has received the molten steel inside. A method comprising pouring and controlling the pouring ladle to atomize the poured molten steel into the atomizing chamber. In the method of claim 17,
A step of replacing the refractory material of the injection ladle after the injection ladle atomizes the molten steel in a predetermined number of tundish.
It is determined that the injection ladle to which the heat-resistant material has been replaced is in the first state, and the heat-resistant material is replaced from the first tundish or the second tundish that has received the molten steel inside. Further provided is a step of pouring molten steel into the injected ladle and controlling the injected ladle with which the refractory material has been replaced so that the poured molten steel is atomized into the atomizing chamber. ,Method. In the powder atomizer
An open melting furnace used to melt raw materials into molten steel,
It is equipped with a tundish used to receive molten steel from the open melting furnace, maintain the temperature of the received molten steel within a preset range, and pour the molten steel into a plurality of injection ladles.
The plurality of injection ladles include a first injection ladles and a second injection ladles, and the first injection ladles, in a first state, bring the poured molten steel into an atomizing chamber. Used for atomizing, the first state includes heating to a preset temperature and connecting to the atomizing chamber, the first pouring ladle is poured from the tundish. After being filled with molten steel, the second pouring ladle was replaced with the first pouring ladle to receive the molten steel from the tundish.
The atomizing chamber is a powder atomizing apparatus used for condensing droplets of molten steel atomized in the atomizing chamber into a metal powder. In the apparatus according to claim 19,
A vacuum melting chamber used to house the tundish and the plurality of injection ladles.
An apparatus further comprising an airtight guide device connected to a side wall of the open melting furnace and used to guide the molten steel in the open melting furnace into the tundish. In the apparatus according to claim 20,
A plurality of compartments are further provided, the number of the plurality of compartments is the same as the number of the plurality of injection ladles, and the plurality of compartments are arranged with reference to the side wall of the vacuum melting chamber, and each of the plurality of compartments has a plurality of compartments. A movable first baffle plate and a movable second baffle plate on the opposite side of the first baffle plate in the vertical direction are included, and the corresponding injection ladle can be taken in and out of the vacuum melting chamber. A device used to maintain the inside of the vacuum melting chamber in a hypoxic state together with a vacuuming device when the plurality of injection ladles are taken in and out of the vacuum melting chamber. In the apparatus according to claim 20,
An annular track is further provided, and the plurality of injection ladles are fixedly arranged at equal intervals with respect to the annular track, and the annular track is arranged to receive the molten steel poured from the tundish. A device used to move the pouring ladles one by one to the pouring place. In the apparatus according to claim 20,
An annular track, wherein the plurality of pouring ladles are removably arranged at equal intervals with respect to the annular track, and the annular track receives the molten steel poured from the tundish and the plurality of injections. An annular track, which is used to rotate the plurality of injection ladles to a pouring site to rotate the ladles to the outlet, and the plurality of injection ladles exiting the vacuum melting chamber through a compartment.
A movable second compartment that is located relative to the side wall of the vacuum melting chamber and is vertically opposite to the movable first baffle plate of the side wall and the first baffle plate. The baffle plate and the plurality of injection ladles can be taken in and out of the vacuum melting chamber, and when the plurality of injection ladles are taken in and out of the vacuum melting chamber, the vacuum melting equipment and the vacuum melting chamber A device with additional compartments used to keep the interior hypoxic. In the powder atomization method based on the apparatus according to claim 19,
A step of determining that the quality of the molten steel melted in the open melting furnace has reached a preset standard, and
The step of receiving molten steel from the open melting furnace by the tundish, and
It is determined that the first injection ladle is in the first state, molten steel is poured into the first injection ladle from the tundish that has received the molten steel inside, and the poured steel is poured into the molten steel. The step of controlling the first injection ladle so as to atomize into the atomization chamber,
The step of replacing the first tundish with the second tundish,
It is determined that the second injection ladle is in the first state, molten steel is poured from the tundish into the second injection ladle, and the poured molten steel is atomized into the atomizing chamber. A powder atomization method comprising a step of controlling the second injection ladle so as to be made. In the method of claim 24, the step of replacing the first injection ladle with the second injection ladle is
Determining that the amount of molten steel in the tundish is less than the corresponding preset threshold, the tundish re-receives the molten steel from the open melting furnace and the first pouring ladle. A method of replacing the second injection ladle. In the method of claim 24, the device comprises a vacuum melting chamber used to house the tundish and the plurality of injection ladles and an airtight guide device connected to a side wall of the vacuum melting chamber. Further prepare
The step of receiving molten steel from the open melting furnace by the tundish is
A method comprising guiding the molten steel in the open melting furnace into the tundish by the airtight guide device. In the method of claim 26, after the step of determining that the amount of molten steel in the tundish is less than the corresponding preset threshold.
A step of controlling the first injection ladle to exit the vacuum melting chamber,
A method further comprising a step of replacing the refractory material of the first injection ladle outside the vacuum melting chamber. In the method of claim 27,
The device further comprises a plurality of compartments, the number of the plurality of compartments being the same as the number of the plurality of injection ladle, and the plurality of compartments are vacuum melted with reference to the side wall of the vacuum melting chamber. A compartment that is disposed outward of the chamber and includes a movable first baffle plate on the side wall and a movable second baffle plate on the opposite side of the first baffle plate in the vertical direction. With more
The step of controlling the first injection ladle to exit the vacuum melting chamber is
A step of controlling the first baffle plate to move and open, and controlling the injection ladle to move into the corresponding compartment.
The step of controlling the first baffle plate so that it moves and becomes closed, and
A method comprising controlling the second baffle plate to be in an open state and controlling the injection ladle to exit the vacuum melting chamber. In the method of claim 26, the apparatus further comprises an annular track located within the vacuum melting chamber, and the plurality of injection ladles are arranged fixed at equal intervals with respect to the annular track. ,
The step of replacing the first injection ladle with the second injection ladle is
A method comprising the step of controlling the annular track to rotate to move the second pouring ladle to a pouring place. In the method of claim 29,
A method of controlling the plurality of injection ladles to continuously receive molten steel poured from the tundish, and then opening the vacuum melting chamber to replace the refractory material of the plurality of injection ladles. In the method of claim 26,
The device further includes an annular track and compartment, the annular track is located within the vacuum melting chamber, and the plurality of pouring ladles are detachably arranged at equal intervals relative to the annular track. , The compartment is arranged toward the outside of the vacuum melting chamber with respect to the side wall of the vacuum melting chamber, and the movable first baffle plate of the side wall and the vertical direction of the first baffle plate. Includes a movable second baffle plate on the opposite side of the
The step of replacing the first injection ladle with the second injection ladle is
It comprises a step of controlling the annular track to rotate to move the second pouring ladle to the pouring place and to move the first pouring ladle to the outlet.
After the first injection ladle has moved to the outlet
A step of controlling the first baffle plate so as to move and open, and a step of controlling the first injection ladle so as to move into the compartment.
The step of controlling the first baffle so that it moves and becomes closed, and
The first injection ladle exits the vacuum melting chamber to control the second baffle plate to move and open and to replace the refractory material in the first injection ladle. A method, with steps to control the pan. In the method of claim 31, after the refractory material of the first injection ladle has been replaced.
A step of determining that the second baffle plate is in the open state and controlling the first injection ladle to move into the compartment.
A step of controlling the second baffle plate so that it is in a closed state and evacuating the first section with a vacuuming device.
A method comprising a step of determining that the inside of the first compartment is in a hypoxic state and controlling the first injection ladle to move onto the annular track.

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