JP2021191297A - Behavior specification device, behavior specification method, and program - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a device capable of specifying the behavior of livestock.SOLUTION: A behavior specification device includes: a storage unit for storing acceleration data measured by an acceleration sensor mounted on livestock, and a radio wave intensity data measured by a radio wave sensor; a first specification unit for specifying which state the behavior of the livestock is out of standing that indicates a standing state, lying that indicates a lying state, ruminating that indicates a state of returning the swallowed food to the mouth and chewing the cud, and an activity that indicates any of feeding, walking, and drinking water on the basis of one or more pieces of acceleration data stored in the storage unit; a second specification unit for specifying which state the behavior of the livestock is out of feeding, walking, and drinking water on the basis of one or more pieces of radio wave intensity data stored in the storage unit when the behavior of the livestock is specified as the activity; and an output unit for outputting, to another device connected to the behavior specification device, which of standing, lying, ruminating, and an activity the behavior of the livestock is, and furthermore, which of feeding, walking, and drinking water the behavior of the livestock is when the behavior of the livestock is an activity.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a behavior identification device, a behavior identification method, and a program.

The milking period of dairy cows is after mating (artificial insemination) of dairy cows to give birth to calves (postpartum), and this period is called the lactation period. It is known that the lactation period is about 305 days. In addition, it is common to stop milking about 60 days before the next scheduled delivery date in preparation for the next delivery. This 60-day period is called the dry milk period. Dairy cows repeat calving, lactation, and dryness every year.

Dairy farmers who raise dairy cows need to mate (artificial insemination) dairy cows every year during the dry season because they continuously milk from dairy cows. When mating dairy cows (artificial insemination), it is necessary to discover the estrus of dairy cows. To detect the estrus of a dairy cow, it is necessary to check the external signs of the dairy cow and to confirm the behavior that is often seen during estrus. In addition, the breeding record using a ledger is used to manage the estrus period.

Abe Ryo, "Agricultural Science Basic Seminar, Basics of Livestock Breeding", New Edition, Agricultural Fisheries Village Cultural Association, April 2008, p.109, p.122-124.

Here, for example, in a large-scale dairy farm where the number of cows raised is several thousand or more, it is a heavy burden on the dairy farmer to confirm the external signs and behavior of each cow. .. On the other hand, for example, if it is possible to easily confirm the behavior that is often seen during estrus by identifying the behavior of the dairy cow that is being raised, the burden on the dairy farmer can be reduced.

In addition, identifying the behavior of dairy cows leads not only to the discovery of estrus but also to the detection of abnormal behavior due to illness, injury, etc., and can contribute to the health management of dairy cows.

One embodiment of the present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object thereof is to specify the behavior of livestock.

In order to solve the above problem, the behavior specifying device according to one embodiment is a behavior specifying device for specifying the behavior of livestock, and the acceleration data measured by the acceleration sensor attached to the livestock and the behavior specifying device attached to the livestock. Based on the storage unit that stores the radio field intensity data measured by the radio wave sensor and one or more acceleration data stored in the storage unit, the behavior of the livestock represents the standing state of the livestock. And, the lying down showing the livestock lying down, the rebellion showing the state in which the livestock is returning the food once swallowed to the mouth and chewing again, and the livestock eating, walking or drinking water. A first specific part that specifies which of the activities represents the state of performing any of them, and one or more stored in the storage part when the behavior of the livestock is specified as an activity. A second specific part that identifies whether the livestock is eating, walking, or drinking water based on the radio field intensity data of the livestock, and whether the livestock's behavior is standing, lying down, lying down, or an activity. It also has an output unit that outputs whether the livestock's behavior is activity, foraging, walking, or drinking water to another device connected to the behavior specifying device.

The behavior of livestock can be identified.

It is a figure which shows an example of the whole structure of the behavior specifying system which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure explaining an example of the behavior identification of a cow. It is a figure which shows an example of the measurement data stored in the measurement data storage part which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of a behavior specific model. It is a figure which shows an example of the functional structure of the action specifying processing unit which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the action specifying process which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of the whole structure of the behavior specifying system which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of the case of specifying standing or lying down by barometric pressure analysis. It is a figure which shows an example of the measurement data stored in the measurement data storage part which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of the functional structure of the action specific processing part which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the behavior (standing or lying down) specific processing which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure explaining an example of the acquisition range of the measurement data and the reference atmospheric pressure data which concerns on 3rd Embodiment.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following, a case where the behavior of a cattle is specified as an example of livestock will be described. However, livestock are not limited to cattle.

[First Embodiment]
<Overall configuration>
First, the overall configuration of the behavior specifying system 1 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the overall configuration of the behavior specifying system 1 according to the first embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 1, the behavior identification system 1 according to the present embodiment transmits a behavior identification device 10 for identifying a cow's behavior, one or more tags 20 attached to the cow, and a predetermined radio wave to the surroundings. One or more leaky coaxial antennas 30 are included. It is preferable that the tag 20 is fixedly attached to the neck portion of the cow.

The tag 20 is a device attached to a cow. One tag 20 is attached to one cow. The tag 20 includes an acceleration sensor that measures the acceleration of the cow wearing the tag 20 (acceleration of the three axes of X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis), and the reception intensity (RSSI) of the radio wave received from the leaky coaxial antenna 30. : Received Signal Strength Indicator) is included with a radio wave sensor to measure.

The tag 20 transmits measurement data including an acceleration sensor value measured by an acceleration sensor and an RSSI value measured by a radio wave sensor to the action specifying device 10 at predetermined time intervals (for example, every 2 seconds). The measurement data transmitted to the action specifying device 10 is stored (stored) in the measurement data storage unit 200 described later.

The leaky coaxial antenna 30 is an antenna installed at a predetermined place such as a feeding place or a water place in the barn. The leaky coaxial antenna 30 transmits a predetermined radio wave to the surroundings by the leaky coaxial cable. In the following, when distinguishing between the leaky coaxial antenna 30 installed in the feeding area and the leaky coaxial antenna 30 installed in the water area, the “leakage coaxial antenna 30 ₁ ” and the “leakage coaxial antenna 30” are used, respectively. representing a 30 ₂ ".

The behavior identification device 10 is one or more computers that identify the behavior of a cow. The behavior specifying device 10 has a behavior specifying processing unit 100, a measurement data storage unit 200, and a behavior specifying model 300.

The behavior specifying processing unit 100 identifies the behavior of the cow based on the measurement data stored in the measurement data storage unit 200 and the behavior specifying model 300. The action specifying processing unit 100 is realized by a process of causing a CPU (Central Processing Unit) or the like to execute one or more programs installed in the action specifying device 10.

The measurement data storage unit 200 stores the measurement data received from the tag 20. The measurement data storage unit 200 can be realized by using, for example, an auxiliary storage device such as an HDD (Hard Disk Drive) or an SSD (Solid State Drive).

The behavior identification model 300 is a model for identifying behavior from the acceleration sensor values included in the measurement data. The behavior specifying model 300 is created in advance by a machine learning method such as SVM (Support Vector Machine) according to, for example, the type of livestock and the type of behavior to be specified. The behavior specific model 300 is stored in, for example, an auxiliary storage device such as an HDD or SSD.

The configuration of the behavior specifying system 1 shown in FIG. 1 is an example, and may be another configuration. For example, the action specifying device 10 may be composed of a plurality of computers. Further, for example, a device (cloud server or the like) connected to the behavior specifying device 10 via a network may have a part of the functions of the behavior specifying processing unit 100. Further, for example, the cow may be equipped with an acceleration sensor and a radio wave sensor, respectively, instead of the tag 20.

<Identification of cow behavior>
Here, the behavior of the cow specified by the behavior specifying system 1 according to the present embodiment and the outline of the specifying method will be described with reference to FIG. 2. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of specifying the behavior of a cow.

First, it is assumed that there are four behaviors of a cow specified by the behavior specifying system 1 according to the present embodiment, in ascending order of movement, "standing", "lying", "ruminant", and "activity". Of these, "activity" shall be further refined into three categories: "feeding", "walking", and "drinking water". Therefore, in the present embodiment, it is specified which of the six behaviors of "standing", "lying", "ruminant", "feeding", "walking", and "drinking water" is performed by the cow. It shall be.

"Standing" is the state in which the cow is standing. "Lying" is the state in which the cow is lying down. "Ruminant" is a state in which a cow is ruminating (the action of returning food once swallowed to the mouth and chewing it again). "Activity" is a state in which a cow is engaged in either "feeding", "walking", or "drinking water". "Foraging" is the state in which a cow is eating food. "Walking" is the state in which a cow is walking. "Drinking water" is a state in which a cow is drinking water.

Which of the behaviors of "standing", "lying", "ruminant", and "activity" is performed by the cow is specified by the motion intensity analysis. In the motion intensity analysis, whether the behavior of the cow is "standing", "lying", "lying", or "activity" based on the acceleration sensor value included in the measurement data and the behavior identification model 300. To identify. More specifically, in the motion intensity analysis, the maximum value of the fluctuation width of the L2 norm of the accelerometer value during the predetermined time (for example, 10 minutes) to the predetermined index value (accelerometer value during the predetermined time) and The standard deviation of the L2 norm of the accelerometer value) is calculated. The maximum value of the fluctuation width of the L2 norm is the difference between the average value of the L2 norm of the acceleration sensor value during the predetermined time and the value of the L2 norm of each speed sensor value during the predetermined time. This is the value that maximizes the absolute value.

Then, in the behavior specific model 300 classified into the four areas of "standing", "lying", "ruminant", and "activity", which of these four areas includes the point indicating the calculated index value? Identify the behavior by.

In addition, when the behavior is identified as "activity" by the motion intensity analysis, which of the behaviors of "feeding", "walking", and "drinking water" is performed by the cow is specified by the position analysis. In the position analysis, based on the RSSI value included in the measurement data and a predetermined threshold value, it is specified whether the behavior of the cow is "feeding", "walking", or "drinking water". More specifically, the position analysis, if the RSSI value of the radio wave received from the leaky coaxial antenna 30 ₁ which is disposed to feed field, has exceeded a predetermined threshold value (i.e., if the cow is in the feeding area) Identify as "foraging". Similarly, RSSI value of the radio wave received from the installed leaky coaxial antenna 30 ₂ water field, if it exceeds a predetermined threshold value (i.e., if the cow is in the water field) identifies the "drinking". On the other hand, if none of these are present (ie, neither in the feeding area nor in the water area), it is specified as "walking".

For example, when a GPS (Global Positioning System) receiver or the like is included in the tag 20, the position analysis may be performed using the position information acquired from the GPS receiver. In this case, it is sufficient to specify whether the cow is in the feeding area, the water area, or neither the feeding area nor the water area from the position information acquired from the tag 20.

As described above, the behavior identification system 1 according to the present embodiment has four types of "standing", "lying", "ruminant", and "activity" from the acceleration sensor values received from the tag 20 attached to the cow. Identify the behavior. Further, in the behavior specifying system 1 according to the present embodiment, when the behavior of the cow is specified as "activity", the RSSI value received from the tag 20 attached to the cow further "forage", It will be detailed into three actions, "walking" and "drinking water". This makes it possible to identify whether the behavior of the cow is "standing", "lying", "ruminant", "feeding", "walking", or "drinking water".

Therefore, by displaying the behavior of these identified cows on, for example, a display device (display or the like) of the behavior identification device 10, it becomes possible to easily confirm the behavior that is often seen during estrus. In addition, it will lead to early detection of abnormal behavior due to illness or injury, and it will be possible to easily manage the health of cattle.

<Measurement data stored in the measurement data storage unit 200>
Here, the measurement data stored in the measurement data storage unit 200 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of measurement data stored in the measurement data storage unit 200 according to the first embodiment. When the action specifying device 10 receives the measurement data from the tag 20, the action specifying processing unit 100 may store (store) the received measurement data in the measurement data storage unit 200.

As shown in FIG. 3, the measurement data storage unit 200 stores one or more measurement data for each tag ID that identifies the tag. Since one tag 20 is attached to one cow, the tag ID may be information for identifying the cow (individual identification information for the cow).

The measurement data includes the date and time, the accelerometer value, and the RSSI value. The date and time is, for example, the date and time when the tag 20 transmits the measurement data. The date and time may be the date and time when the action specifying device 10 receives the measurement data.

The acceleration sensor value is a value of acceleration measured by the acceleration sensor included in the tag 20. The acceleration sensor value includes an X component indicating an acceleration component in the X-axis direction, a Y component indicating an acceleration component in the Y-axis direction, and a Z component indicating an acceleration component in the Z-axis direction. For example, the measurement data of the date and time "t1" includes an X component "X1", a Y component "Y1", and a Z component "Z1" of the acceleration sensor value.

The RSSI value is the value of RSSI measured by the radio wave sensor included in the tag 20. The RSSI value includes, for example, _{the RSSI value of the radio wave received from the leaky coaxial antenna 30 1} installed in the feeding ground and the RSSI value of the radio wave received from the leaky coaxial antenna 30 _{2 installed in the water field.} Is done. For example, the measurement data of the date and time "t1" includes the RSSI value "r11" received from the _{leaky coaxial antenna 30 1 installed in the feeding area and the RSSI received from the leaky coaxial antenna 30 2 installed in the water place.} The value "r12" is included.

As described above, the measurement data stored in the measurement data storage unit 200 according to the present embodiment stores (stores) measurement data including the date and time, the acceleration sensor value, and the RSSI value for each tag ID. Has been done.

<Behavior specific model 300>
Here, the behavior identification model 300 for identifying the behavior from the acceleration sensor values included in the measurement data will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the behavior specific model 300.

As shown in FIG. 4, in the behavior specific model 300, the maximum value of the fluctuation width of the L2 norm of the acceleration sensor value during a predetermined time (for example, 10 minutes) is the horizontal axis, and the standard deviation of the L2 norm is the vertical axis. When this is done, it is represented as a relationship graph showing the relationship between the maximum value and the standard deviation value of these fluctuation widths and the behavior.

For example, when the maximum value and standard deviation of the swing width of the L2 norm of the acceleration sensor value in a certain 10 minutes are included in the region D1, the behavior of the cow in the 10 minutes is specified as "standing up". Further, for example, when the maximum value and the standard deviation of the swing width of the L2 norm of the acceleration sensor value in a certain 10 minutes are included in the region D2, the behavior of the cow in the 10 minutes is specified as “lying”.

Similarly, for example, if the maximum value and standard deviation of the swing width of the L2 norm of the accelerometer value in a certain 10 minutes are included in the region D3, the behavior of the cow in the 10 minutes is specified as "ruminant". The region D3 specified as "ruminant" may be further divided into "ruminant (standing)" in which rumination is performed in an upright position and "ruminant (lying)" in which rumination is performed in a lying state. ..

Similarly, for example, when the maximum value and the standard deviation of the swing width of the L2 norm of the acceleration sensor value in a certain 10 minutes are included in the region D4, the behavior of the cow in the 10 minutes is specified as "activity". ..

In the example shown in FIG. 4, the cases where the regions D1 to D4 of the behavior specific model 300 do not overlap each other are shown, but the portion where two or more regions of the regions D1 to D4 overlap each other is shown. May exist.

In this way, the behavior specific model 300 is a model in which a region representing the relationship between the maximum value and standard deviation of the L2 norm of the acceleration sensor value during a predetermined time (for example, 10 minutes) and the behavior of the cow is defined. be. Such a behavior specific model 300 is created in advance by a machine learning method such as SVM. The SVM is an example, and may be created by various machine learning methods such as a neural network. Further, for example, even when the cow performs the same operation, the specific acceleration sensor value differs depending on the type of the acceleration sensor and the like. However, the positional relationship between the regions D1 to D4 indicating each action is substantially constant.

In the following, the maximum value of the swing width of the L2 norm is also simply referred to as “the maximum value of the L2 norm” or “the maximum value”.

<Functional configuration of behavior identification processing unit 100>
Next, the functional configuration of the behavior specifying processing unit 100 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the behavior specifying processing unit 100 according to the first embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 5, the action specifying processing unit 100 includes an acquisition unit 101, a preprocessing unit 102, an index value calculation unit 103, and an action specifying unit 104.

The acquisition unit 101 acquires measurement data from the measurement data storage unit 200. At this time, the acquisition unit 101 acquires measurement data for a predetermined time (for example, 10 minutes) from the measurement data storage unit 200 for each tag ID, for example.

The pre-processing unit 102 performs pre-processing on the measurement data acquired by the acquisition unit 101. The preprocessing is, for example, a defect complement (resampling) process of measurement data, a noise removal process, or the like. The preprocessing unit 102 calculates the L2 norm of the acceleration sensor value included in the measurement data after defect complementation, and performs noise removal processing using the calculated L2 norm.

The index value calculation unit 103 calculates the index value from the L2 norm after the preprocessing by the preprocessing unit 102. For example, the index value calculation unit 103 calculates the maximum value and the standard deviation from the L2 norm after the preprocessing as the index value.

The behavior identification unit 104 performs four actions (“standing”, “lying”, “ruminant”, and “activity”) from the maximum value and standard deviation calculated by the index value calculation unit 103 and the behavior identification model 300. Identify. Further, when the "activity" is specified above, the behavior specifying unit 104 further specifies a detailed behavior ("feeding", "walking", or "drinking water") from the RSSI value included in the measurement data. do. The action specifying unit 104 may specify the above four actions from the maximum value and the standard deviation and the processing result of a program or the like that generates data equivalent to the action specifying model 300.

The information indicating the action specified by the action specifying unit 104 may be stored in a DB (database), a file, or the like realized by an auxiliary storage device such as an HDD or SSD, or may be displayed on a display or the like. It may be displayed on the device. Further, it may be output to another device (for example, a PC, a smartphone, a tablet terminal, etc.) connected to the action specifying device 10.

<Behavior identification process>
Next, the behavior specifying process according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of the action specifying process according to the first embodiment. The action specifying process shown in FIG. 6 may be executed, for example, at a preset date and time, or may be repeatedly executed at predetermined time intervals (for example, 24 hours).

First, the acquisition unit 101 acquires measurement data for a predetermined time (for example, 10 minutes) from the measurement data storage unit 200 for each tag ID (step S11). In this way, the acquisition unit 101 acquires measurement data in a predetermined time unit (for example, in units of 10 minutes) from the measurement data storage unit 200 for each cow (tag ID). It should be noted that such a predetermined time is not limited to 10 minutes, and can be set to any time by, for example, the user of the action specifying device 10.

In the following, measurement data 1 for 10 minutes of the tag ID "Tag1", measured data 2, ..., when the measured data _{N 1} is obtained by the obtaining unit 101 continues the description.

Next, the preprocessing unit 102 performs preprocessing on the measurement data acquired by the acquisition unit 101 (step S12). That is, the preprocessing unit 102 performs defect complementation (resampling) processing, noise removal processing, and the like for measurement data. The defect completion process is a process for complementing a defect when the data cannot be acquired in order to improve the accuracy of the collected data. Further, the noise removal process is a process of removing data indicating a momentary motion of a cow (for example, a motion of momentarily shaking the body, a motion of momentarily causing the body to be greatly shaken, etc.).

Next, the index value calculation unit 103 calculates an index value (maximum value and standard deviation of the L2 norm) from the L2 norm after the preprocessing by the preprocessing unit 102 (step S13). That is, to calculate the pretreated L2 norm a1, a2, a standard deviation σ and the maximum value m of · · · aN _3. The maximum value m is the maximum value of the difference between the average value of the L2 norms a1, a2, ... aN ₃ and each L2 norm ai (i = 1, ..., N _3).

Next, the action specifying unit 104 has four actions (“standing”, “lying”, “ruminant”, and the behavior specifying model 300 from the standard deviation σ and the maximum value m calculated by the index value calculating unit 103, and the behavior specifying model 300. “Activity”) is specified (step S14). That is, the behavior specifying unit 104 identifies in which region D1 to D4 of the regions D1 to D4 on the behavior specifying model 300 the standard deviation σ and the maximum value m calculated by the index value calculation unit 103 are included. Identify the behavior.

Next, the action specifying unit 104 determines whether or not the action specified in step S14 is an "activity" (step S15).

When it is determined in step S15 that the specified action is not "activity" (that is, when the specified action is "standing", "lying", or "ruminant"), the action specifying processing unit 100 performs processing. To finish.

On the other hand, when it is determined in step S15 that the specified action is an "activity", the action specifying unit 104 determines the measurement data 1, the measurement data 2, ..., The measurement data after the defect complementation in the above step S12. Detailed behavior (“foraging”, “walking”, or “drinking water”) is specified from the RSSI value included in N _{2 (step S16).}

That is, for example, among the RSSI values included in the measurement data 1, the measurement data 2, ..., And the measurement data N ₂ , the RSSI value of the radio wave received from _{the leaky coaxial antenna 30 1} and the leaky coaxial antenna 30 _{2 is predetermined.} When the threshold value is exceeded, the behavior specifying unit 104 identifies the detailed behavior as "foraging" or "drinking water". On the other hand, _{when neither the RSSI value of the radio wave received from the leaky coaxial antenna 30 1} nor the RSSI value of the radio wave received from the leaky coaxial antenna 30 ₂ exceeds a predetermined threshold value, the action specifying unit 104 is detailed. Identify the behavior as "walking".

As described above, the behavior specifying system 1 according to the present embodiment can specify the behavior of the cow from the measurement data received from the tag 20 worn by the cow. At this time, in the behavior identification system 1 according to the present embodiment, by using the index value calculated from the acceleration sensor value included in the measurement data and the behavior identification model 300 created in advance by the machine learning method, the cow Identify the behavior of. In particular, by using the standard deviation and the maximum value of the L2 norm as index values, it is possible to identify "rumination", which is a behavior peculiar to cattle, with high accuracy. In other words, it becomes possible to distinguish "rumination", which is a behavior peculiar to cows, from behaviors such as "standing" and "lying" with high accuracy.

By displaying the behavior of the cow identified in this way on, for example, a display device (display or the like) of the behavior identification device 10 and providing it to a dairy farmer or the like, it is easy to confirm the behavior often seen during estrus of the cow. You will be able to do it. In addition, it will lead to early detection of abnormal behavior due to illness or injury, and it will be possible to easily manage the health of cattle.

[Second embodiment]
Next, the second embodiment will be described. In the first embodiment, the accelerometer values were used to identify four behaviors of the cow (“standing”, “lying”, “ruminant”, and “activity”), of which “standing” and “lying”. It may be difficult to distinguish from. That is, for example, the cow may be moving in small steps even when it is "standing", while the cow may be moving significantly even when it is "lying". In such a case, it may be difficult to distinguish between "standing" and "lying" in the above-mentioned motion intensity analysis (in other words, "standing" and "lying" may be erroneously specified. ).

Similarly, for example, even if a cow is "ruminant", it may be ruminating while standing up or lying down. In such a case, it may be difficult to distinguish between "standing" and "lying" in the above-mentioned motion intensity analysis.

Therefore, in the second embodiment, a case where "standing" and "lying" are specified with higher accuracy by using a barometric pressure sensor will be described.

In the second embodiment, the differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described, and the parts having the same functions as the first embodiment and the parts performing the same processing will be appropriately described. The explanation shall be omitted.

<Overall configuration>
First, the overall configuration of the behavior specifying system 1 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 7. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the overall configuration of the behavior specifying system 1 according to the second embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 7, the behavior specifying system 1 according to the present embodiment includes a reference atmospheric pressure sensor 40 for measuring a reference atmospheric pressure.

The reference atmospheric pressure sensor 40 is installed at a predetermined position in the barn (for example, on the ground in the barn) and measures the reference atmospheric pressure. The reference atmospheric pressure sensor 40 transmits reference atmospheric pressure data including a reference atmospheric pressure sensor value indicating the measured atmospheric pressure to the action specifying device 10 at predetermined time intervals (for example, every 2 seconds). The reference atmospheric pressure data transmitted to the action specifying device 10 is stored (stored) in the reference atmospheric pressure data storage unit 400, which will be described later.

Further, the tag 20 according to the present embodiment further includes a barometric pressure sensor for measuring barometric pressure. The tag 20 further transmits measurement data including a barometric pressure sensor value to the behavior identification device 10 at predetermined time intervals (for example, every 2 seconds). The tag 20 does not necessarily include the barometric pressure sensor, and for example, the barometric pressure sensor may be attached to the cow separately from the tag 20.

Further, the behavior specifying device 10 according to the present embodiment has a reference atmospheric pressure data storage unit 400. The reference pressure data storage unit 400 stores the reference pressure data received from the reference pressure sensor 40. The reference atmospheric pressure data storage unit 400 can be realized by using, for example, an auxiliary storage device such as an HDD or SSD.

The behavior specifying processing unit 100 according to the present embodiment is further included in the barometric pressure sensor value included in the measurement data stored in the measurement data storage unit 200 and the reference barometric pressure data stored in the reference barometric pressure data storage unit 400. The behavior of the cow (“standing” and “lying down”) is identified based on the reference barometric pressure sensor value.

<Identification of "standing" and "lying" by barometric pressure sensor>
Here, among the behaviors of cattle specified by the behavior identification system according to the present embodiment, the outline of the method of specifying "standing" and "lying" by the barometric pressure sensor will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of a case where standing or lying down is specified by barometric pressure analysis.

Which of the "standing" and "lying" behaviors the cow is performing is specified by barometric pressure analysis in addition to the motion intensity analysis described in the first embodiment. In barometric pressure analysis, it is specified whether the behavior of the cow is "standing" or "lying" based on the barometric pressure sensor value included in the measurement data and the reference barometric pressure sensor value included in the reference barometric pressure data. More specifically, in the barometric pressure analysis, the difference between each barometric pressure sensor value and each reference sensor value during a predetermined time (for example, 24 hours) is calculated. Then, when the calculated difference (this difference is referred to as a "difference barometric pressure sensor value") exceeds a predetermined threshold value, it is specified as "lying". On the other hand, when the differential barometric pressure sensor value does not exceed a predetermined threshold value, it is specified as "standing". By using the differential barometric pressure sensor value measured by the reference barometric pressure sensor 40, for example, the measured value of the barometric pressure sensor included in the tag 20 attached to the cow is relative regardless of the weather (approaching low pressure, etc.). It becomes possible to determine whether the pressure has risen or dropped.

Using the barometric pressure sensor value measured by the barometric pressure sensor in this way, the behavior of the cow is specified by specifying "lying" when the differential barometric pressure sensor value exceeds the threshold value and "standing" when the differential barometric pressure sensor value does not exceed the threshold value. Of these, "standing" and "lying" can be identified with high accuracy.

<Measurement data stored in the measurement data storage unit 200>
Here, the measurement data stored in the measurement data storage unit 200 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 9. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of measurement data stored in the measurement data storage unit 200 according to the second embodiment. When the action specifying device 10 receives the measurement data from the tag 20, the action specifying processing unit 100 may store (store) the received measurement data in the measurement data storage unit 200.

As shown in FIG. 9, the measurement data storage unit 200 stores one or more measurement data for each tag ID that identifies the tag. The measurement data according to the present embodiment further includes a barometric pressure sensor value. The barometric pressure sensor value is a barometric pressure value measured by the barometric pressure sensor included in the tag 20.

As described above, the measurement data stored in the measurement data storage unit 200 according to the present embodiment includes the date and time, the acceleration sensor value, the RSSI value, and the pressure sensor value for each tag ID. Is accumulated (remembered).

<Functional configuration of behavior identification processing unit 100>
Next, the functional configuration of the behavior specifying processing unit 100 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the behavior specifying processing unit 100 according to the second embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 10, the behavior specifying processing unit 100 according to the present embodiment further has a difference value calculation unit 105. Further, the acquisition unit 101 and the action identification unit 104 according to the present embodiment have different functions from those of the first embodiment.

When the action is specified by the position analysis, the acquisition unit 101 according to the present embodiment acquires the measurement data for a predetermined time (for example, 24 hours) from the measurement data storage unit 200 for each tag ID, and also determines the measurement data. The reference pressure data during the time of is acquired from the reference pressure data storage unit 400.

The difference value calculation unit 105 calculates the difference pressure sensor value indicating the difference between the barometric pressure sensor value included in the measurement data acquired by the acquisition unit 101 and the reference barometric pressure sensor value included in the reference barometric pressure data.

The preprocessing unit 102 may perform preprocessing on the measurement data acquired by the acquisition unit 101. In this case, the preprocessing unit 102 may perform a defect complement processing for measurement data, a noise removal process (that is, noise removal for the barometric pressure sensor value), and the like. Then, in this case, the difference value calculation unit 105 calculates the difference pressure sensor value from the barometric pressure sensor value included in the measurement data after the pretreatment by the pretreatment unit 102 and the reference barometric pressure sensor value included in the reference barometric pressure data. It's fine.

The behavior specifying unit 104 determines whether or not the differential barometric pressure sensor value calculated by the difference value calculation unit 105 exceeds a predetermined threshold value, so that the behavior of the cow is either "standing" or "lying". To identify. The predetermined threshold value may be, for example, an intermediate value between the maximum value and the minimum value of the differential atmospheric pressure sensor value calculated from the atmospheric pressure sensor value included in the measurement data acquired by the acquisition unit 101. This is because, for example, during 24 hours, the cow is considered to "stand up" and "lying" at least once.

For example, when the tag 20 is attached to a cow's collar or the like, the barometric pressure sensor value may increase due to the cow's "feeding" behavior or "drinking" behavior. This is because the cows hang their heads from the standing position to eat and drink water. When the tag 20 is attached to a cow's collar or the like, the height of the tag 20 from the ground when the "feeding" or "drinking" action is performed is the ground of the tag 20 when the cow is "lying". In many cases, it is almost the same as from. Therefore, the acquisition unit 101 acquires the measurement data including the time zone before and after the "foraging" or "drinking" behavior is specified by the motion intensity analysis and the position analysis, and the barometric pressure sensor value included in the acquired measurement data. It is also possible to set the intermediate value between the maximum value and the minimum value of the differential barometric pressure sensor value calculated from the above as the threshold value.

<Behavior (standing or lying down) specific processing>
Next, the behavior specifying process according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing an example of an action (standing or lying down) specifying process according to the second embodiment. The action specifying process shown in FIG. 11 may be executed, for example, at a preset date and time, or may be repeatedly executed at predetermined time intervals (for example, 24 hours).

First, the acquisition unit 101 acquires measurement data for a predetermined time (for example, 24 hours) from the measurement data storage unit 200 for each tag ID, and stores reference pressure data for a predetermined time as reference pressure data. Obtained from unit 400 (step S21).

In the following, measurement data 1 of a 24 hour period of the tag ID "Tag1", measured data 2, ..., and the measured data _{N 4,} reference atmospheric pressure data 1 for 24 hours, the reference atmospheric pressure data 2, ... , The case where the reference pressure data N ₄ is acquired by the acquisition unit 101 will be continued. For simplicity, the measurement data i and the reference pressure data i (i = 1,2, ···, N 4) will be described as a data in the same time.

Next, the difference value calculation unit 105 calculates the difference pressure sensor value indicating the difference between the pressure sensor value included in the measurement data acquired by the acquisition unit 101 and the reference pressure sensor value included in the reference pressure data (the difference pressure sensor value). Step S22).

That is, the difference value calculation unit 105 calculates the difference pressure sensor value 1 between the pressure sensor value included in the measurement data 1 and the reference pressure sensor value included in the reference pressure data 1. Further, the difference value calculation unit 105 calculates the difference pressure sensor value 2 between the pressure sensor value included in the measurement data 2 and the reference pressure sensor value included in the reference pressure data 2. Similarly, thereafter, the difference value calculation unit 105 calculates the difference pressure sensor value N _{4 between the pressure sensor value included in the measurement data N 4} and the reference pressure sensor value included in the reference pressure data N ₄ .

Next, the behavior specifying unit 104 determines whether or not the differential barometric pressure sensor value calculated by the difference value calculation unit 105 exceeds a predetermined threshold value, so that the behavior of the cow is "standing" or "lying". Which is specified (step S23). That is, the behavior specifying unit 104 determines whether or not the differential pressure sensor value 1, the differential pressure sensor value 2, ..., The differential pressure sensor value N ₄ exceeds a predetermined threshold value, so that the behavior of the cow is changed. Identify whether it is "standing" or "lying".

For example, when a certain differential barometric pressure sensor value exceeds a predetermined threshold value, the behavior specifying unit 104 identifies the behavior of the cow as "lying" at the date and time when the differential barometric pressure sensor value is calculated. On the other hand, when a certain differential barometric pressure sensor value does not exceed a predetermined threshold value, the behavior specifying unit 104 specifies the behavior of the cow at the date and time when the differential barometric pressure sensor value is calculated as "standing".

The behavior specifying unit 104 may consider whether the behavior of the cow is "standing" or "lying" in consideration of the result of the motion intensity analysis. More specifically, the barometric pressure analysis may not be performed at the date and time when the behavior is specified as "ruminant" or "activity" by the motion intensity analysis. On the other hand, when the behavior is specified as "standing" or "lying" by the motion intensity analysis, the measurement data and the reference barometric pressure data in a predetermined range including the specified date and time are acquired and the barometric pressure analysis is performed. Just do it.

That is, when "ruminant" or "activity" is specified by the motion intensity analysis, the barometric pressure analysis is not performed, while when "standing" or "lying" is identified by the motion intensity analysis, the barometric pressure analysis is performed. You may try to do. As a result, when "standing" or "lying" is specified by the motion intensity analysis, barometric pressure analysis for specifying "standing" or "lying" is performed with higher accuracy. In this way, the barometric pressure analysis may be performed according to the result of the operating intensity analysis.

As described above, the behavior specifying system 1 according to the present embodiment can identify the "standing" and "lying" behaviors of the cow by the barometric pressure analysis using the barometric pressure sensor. Moreover, the behavior specifying system 1 according to the present embodiment can perform "standing" and "lying" behaviors with higher accuracy than the case of using the barometric pressure analysis alone or in combination with the motion strength analysis. Can be identified.

[Third embodiment]
Next, the third embodiment will be described. In the third embodiment, a case where the barn is a free-burn type will be described.

The barn is generally known as a free stall barn and a freeburn barn. Unlike the free stall type barn, the freeburn type barn often has a hill inside the barn. For this reason, in the free-burn type barn, behavior identification by barometric pressure analysis may be incorrect.

For example, suppose that the barometric pressure sensor value when the cow is "standing" on the plane below the hill and the barometric pressure sensor value when "lying" on the hill are about the same. In this case, "lying" on the hill may be mistakenly identified as "standing".

Therefore, in the third embodiment, a case where "standing" and "lying" are specified with high accuracy even in the free-burn type barn will be described by devising the acquisition range of the measurement data and the reference atmospheric pressure data.

In the third embodiment, the differences from the second embodiment will be mainly described, and the parts having the same functions as the second embodiment and the parts performing the same processing will be appropriately described. The explanation shall be omitted.

<Acquisition of measurement data in Freeburn barn>
When the barn is a free-burn type, the range between the measurement data acquired by the acquisition unit 101 and the reference atmospheric pressure data is devised in step S21 of FIG. This will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of an acquisition range of measurement data and reference pressure data in a free-burn type barn.

As shown in FIG. 12, the cow is on a flat surface (under the hill) during the time T1 to T2, climbs the hill during the time T2 to T3, and the cow is on the hill during the time T3 to T4. It is assumed that there is. In this case, in order to specify the behavior of the cow on the plane, the barometric pressure analysis is performed using the measurement data and the reference pressure data during the time T1 to T2 when the cow is on the plane. On the other hand, in order to identify the behavior of the cow on the hill, the barometric pressure analysis is performed using the measurement data and the reference barometric pressure data during the time T3 to T4 when the cattle are on the hill.

Whether it is on a plane, climbing a hill, or on a hill can be specified by using an acceleration sensor value and a barometric pressure sensor value. That is, for example, if the barometric pressure sensor value hardly changes for a certain period of time, but the accelerometer value changes, the cow can be identified as being on a plane. Also, for example, if the barometric pressure sensor value and the acceleration sensor value change together for a certain period of time, the cow can be identified as being climbing a hill. Further, for example, if a cow is identified as being on a flat surface after being identified as being climbing a hill, the cow can be identified as being on a hill. It should be noted that while descending a hill, it can be specified in the same way as when climbing a hill.

It is possible that the cow may "lie down" while climbing the hill (or descending the hill). It is also possible that a cow "lyts" while climbing a hill (or descending a hill) and then "stands up". In this case, for example, it may be specified from the change pattern of the acceleration sensor value or the change pattern of the barometric pressure sensor value while climbing the hill (or descending the hill).

As described above, the behavior specifying system 1 according to the present embodiment can identify the "standing" and "lying" behaviors of the cow by the barometric pressure analysis using the barometric pressure sensor even in the free-burn type barn.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment disclosed specifically, and various modifications and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of claims.

1 Behavior identification system 10 Behavior identification device 20 Tags 30 Leakage coaxial antenna 100 Behavior identification processing unit 101 Acquisition unit 102 Preprocessing unit 103 Index value calculation unit 104 Behavior identification unit 200 Measurement data storage unit 300 Behavior identification model

Claims (6)

It is a behavior identification device that identifies the behavior of livestock.
A storage unit that stores acceleration data measured by the acceleration sensor mounted on the livestock and radio wave intensity data measured by the radio wave sensor mounted on the livestock.
Based on one or more acceleration data stored in the storage unit, the behavior of the livestock is that the livestock stands up, the livestock is lying down, and the livestock is lying down. Whether it is a rumination that indicates the state in which the food once swallowed is returned to the mouth and chewed again, or an activity that indicates the state in which the livestock is eating, walking, or drinking water. The first specific part to specify and
When the behavior of the livestock is identified as an activity, it is specified whether the livestock is eating, walking or drinking water based on one or more radio field intensity data stored in the storage unit. The second specific part and
Whether the behavior of the livestock is standing, lying down, ruminant or activity, and if the behavior of the livestock is activity, whether it is foraging, walking or drinking water is connected to the behavior identification device. An output unit that outputs to other devices,
Behavior identification device with. The storage unit is
Further, the barometric pressure data measured by the barometric pressure sensor attached to the livestock is stored, and the barometric pressure data is stored.
The first specific part is
When the behavior of the livestock is identified as standing or lying down based on the acceleration data of one or more, the livestock is further based on the pressure data of one or more stored in the storage unit. The behavior specifying device according to claim 1, which identifies whether the behavior of the person is standing or lying down. The first specific part is
Based on the change pattern of the acceleration data of one or more, it is specified that the behavior of the livestock is the standing or the lying down.
The behavior specifying device according to claim 2, wherein the behavior of the livestock is specified as either standing or lying down based on the change pattern of the one or more barometric pressure data. The behavior specifying device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the livestock is a cow. A behavioral identification device that identifies the behavior of livestock,
A storage procedure for storing the acceleration data measured by the acceleration sensor mounted on the livestock and the radio wave intensity data measured by the radio wave sensor mounted on the livestock in the storage unit.
Based on one or more acceleration data stored in the storage unit, the behavior of the livestock is that the livestock stands up, the livestock is lying down, and the livestock is lying down. Whether it is a rumination that indicates the state in which the food once swallowed is returned to the mouth and chewed again, or an activity that indicates the state in which the livestock is eating, walking, or drinking water. The first specific procedure to identify and
When the behavior of the livestock is identified as an activity, it is specified whether the livestock is eating, walking or drinking water based on one or more radio field intensity data stored in the storage unit. The second specific procedure and
Whether the behavior of the livestock is standing, lying down, ruminant or activity, and if the behavior of the livestock is activity, whether it is foraging, walking or drinking water is connected to the behavior identification device. Output procedure to output to other devices and
How to identify the behavior to perform. A program for causing a computer to function as the behavior specifying device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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