JP2021173844A - Lighting device and illumination method - Google Patents

Abstract

To enable display of high eye-catching effects.SOLUTION: A lighting device 10 comprises: a light source 15; an optical path adjustment device 30 for adjusting the optical path of light from the light source; a first diffraction optical element 40A for diffracting light from the optical path adjustment device and causing a first projection pattern DP1 to be projected to a projection plane PP; and a second diffraction optical element 40B for diffracting light from the optical adjustment device and causing a second projection pattern DP2 different from the first projection pattern to be projected to the projection plane. The optical adjustment device adjusts the optical path so that light is repeatedly directed to each of the first and second diffraction optical elements at time intervals shorter than the time resolution of human visual perception.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present disclosure relates to lighting devices and lighting methods.

For example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, various display devices have been studied. Paragraph 0015 of Patent Document 1 proposes to perform animation display using a display device having a shade having an opening having a shape corresponding to a pattern to be displayed and a light source for irradiating the shade with light. Has been done. More specifically, it has been proposed to blink the pattern, adjust the irradiation timing of a plurality of shades, and change the illumination pattern.

Japanese Patent No. 6466040

However, the blinking of the pattern and the selection display of the pattern cannot exert a sufficient eye-catching effect. The present disclosure has been made in consideration of such a point, and an object of the present disclosure is to provide a lighting device and a lighting method capable of performing a display having a high eye-catching effect.

The first lighting device according to the present disclosure is
Light source and
An optical path adjusting device that adjusts the optical path of light from the light source,
A first diffracting optical element that diffracts the light from the optical path adjusting device so that the first projection pattern is projected on the projection surface.
A second diffracting optical element that diffracts the light from the optical path adjusting device so that a second projection pattern different from the first projection pattern is projected onto the projection surface is provided.
The optical path adjuster directs the optical path to each of the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element at a time interval shorter than the time resolution of human vision or less than 0.033 seconds. Adjust.

In the first illumination device according to the present disclosure, the ratio of the time (seconds) in which light is directed to the first diffraction optical element within a fixed time (seconds) shorter than the time resolution or less than 0.033 seconds (seconds). %) Changes, and the optical path adjusting device adjusts the optical path so that the ratio (%) of the time (seconds) in which the light is directed to the second diffraction optical element within the fixed time (seconds) changes. You may.

In the first illumination device according to the present disclosure, the time during which the light is continuously directed to the first diffractive optical element changes, and the time during which the light is continuously directed to the second diffractive optical element changes. As such, the optical path adjusting device may adjust the optical path.

In the first illumination device according to the present disclosure, the ratio of the time (seconds) in which light is directed to the first diffraction optical element within a fixed time (seconds) shorter than the time resolution or less than 0.033 seconds (seconds). %) Is gradually shortened, and the ratio (%) of the time (seconds) in which the light is directed to the second diffraction optical element within the fixed time (seconds) is gradually increased. May be adjusted.

In the first illumination device according to the present disclosure, the time during which the light is continuously directed to the first diffractive optical element is gradually shortened, and the time during which the light is continuously directed to the second diffractive optical element is gradually shortened. The optical path adjuster may adjust the optical path so that it becomes gradually longer.

In the first lighting device according to the present disclosure,
A stage in which light is directed only to the first diffractive optical element of the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element, and
A stage in which light is repeatedly directed to each of the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element at the time interval, and
A stage in which light is directed only to the second diffractive optical element of the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element, and
The optical path adjusting device may adjust the optical path so that the above is performed in this order.

In the first lighting device according to the present disclosure,
The first projection pattern and the second projection pattern display information about directions that are identical to each other.
The direction may be along the direction from the position where the first projection pattern is projected on the projection surface to the position where the second projection pattern is projected on the projection surface.

In the first lighting device according to the present disclosure,
A third diffraction that diffracts the light whose optical path is adjusted by the optical path adjusting device so that a third projection pattern different from both the first projection pattern and the second projection pattern is projected on the projection surface. Further equipped with optical elements
The optical path adjusting device is
A stage in which light is directed only to the first diffractive optical element of the first diffractive optical element, the second diffractive optical element, and the third diffractive optical element.
A step in which light is repeatedly directed only to the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element of the first diffractive optical element, the second diffractive optical element, and the third diffractive optical element at the time interval. When,
A stage in which light is directed only to the second diffractive optical element of the first diffractive optical element, the second diffractive optical element, and the third diffractive optical element.
The second diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element of the first diffractive optical element, the second diffractive optical element, and the third diffractive optical element at a time interval shorter than the time resolution or less than 0.033 seconds. At the stage where light is repeatedly directed only to the three-diffraction optical element,
A stage in which light is directed only to the third diffractive optical element of the first diffractive optical element, the second diffractive optical element, and the third diffractive optical element.
The optical path may be adjusted so that

In the first lighting device according to the present disclosure, the first projection pattern, the second projection pattern, and the third projection pattern have the same contour shape, and the size increases or decreases in this order. You may try to become.

In the first lighting device according to the present disclosure,
The region on which the second projection pattern is projected on the projection plane includes the region on which the first projection pattern is projected on the projection plane, and the third projection pattern on the projection plane is projected. The region includes a region on the projection plane on which the second projection pattern is projected, or
The region on which the second projection pattern is projected on the projection plane includes the region on which the third projection pattern is projected on the projection plane, and the first projection pattern on the projection plane is projected. The region may include a region on the projection plane on which the second projection pattern is projected.

In the first illumination device according to the present disclosure, the ratio of the time (seconds) in which light is directed to the first diffraction optical element within a fixed time (seconds) shorter than the time resolution or less than 0.033 seconds (seconds). %), The optical path adjusting device adjusts the optical path so that the ratio (%) of the time (seconds) in which the light is directed to the second diffraction optical element within the fixed time (seconds) is larger. You may.

In the first illumination device according to the present disclosure, the time during which the light is continuously directed at the second diffractive optical element is longer than the time during which the light is continuously directed at the first diffractive optical element. As such, the optical path adjusting device may adjust the optical path.

In the first lighting device according to the present disclosure, the area of the second projection pattern may be larger than the area of the first projection pattern.

In the first lighting device according to the present disclosure, the area of the second diffractive optical element may be larger than the area of the first diffractive optical element.

In the first illuminating device according to the present disclosure, the first projection pattern and the second projection pattern are different and the same in at least one of the positions and orientations on which the first projection pattern is projected on the projection surface. It may have a contour shape and size.

In the first lighting device according to the present disclosure, the first projection pattern and the second projection pattern are different in any one or more of the projected positions, contour shapes, sizes, and orientations on the projection surface. You may.

In the first lighting device according to the present disclosure, the first projection pattern and the second projection pattern may be aggregated to display one piece of information.

The second lighting device according to the present disclosure is
Light source and
A diffractive optical element that diffracts the light from the light source so that the projection pattern is projected onto the projection surface.
An illuminator in which light from the light source is repeatedly directed at the diffractive optics at intervals shorter than the time resolution of human vision or less than 0.033 seconds.

In the second lighting apparatus according to the present disclosure, the ratio (%) of the time (seconds) in which light is directed to the diffractive optical element within a fixed time (seconds) shorter than the time resolution or less than 0.033 seconds. May change.

In the second illuminating device according to the present disclosure, the time during which the light from the light source is continuously directed to the diffractive optical element may be changed.

In the second lighting apparatus according to the present disclosure, the ratio (%) of the time (seconds) in which light is directed to the diffractive optical element within a fixed time (seconds) shorter than the time resolution or less than 0.033 seconds. May be gradually lengthened or gradually shortened.

In the second illuminating device according to the present disclosure, the time during which the light from the light source is continuously directed to the diffractive optical element may be gradually increased or decreased.

The third lighting device according to the present disclosure is
Light source and
An optical path adjusting device that adjusts the optical path of light from the light source,
A first diffracting optical element that diffracts the light from the optical path adjusting device so that the first projection pattern is projected on the projection surface.
A second diffracting optical element that diffracts the light from the optical path adjusting device so that a second projection pattern different from the first projection pattern is projected onto the projection surface is provided.
The optical path adjusting device is
A stage in which light is directed only to the first diffractive optical element of the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element, and
A stage in which light is repeatedly directed to each of the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element, and
A stage in which light is directed only to the second diffractive optical element of the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element, and
The optical path is adjusted so that

In the first and third lighting devices according to the present disclosure, the light is directed at at least one of a stage where the light is directed only to the first diffractive optical element and a stage where the light is directed only to the second diffractive optical element. The position of light incident on the diffractive optical element may be stopped at least temporarily in the diffractive optical element.

In the first and third illuminating devices according to the present disclosure, the first diffractive optics at at least one of a stage in which light is directed only to the first diffractive optical element and a stage in which light is directed only to the second diffractive optical element. The position of light incident on the element may be moved at least temporarily periodically within the diffractive optical element to which the light is directed.

In the fourth illumination device according to the present disclosure, when the projection pattern projected on the projection surface is changed from the first projection pattern to the second projection pattern, both the first projection pattern and the second projection pattern are described. The first projection pattern and the second projection pattern are projected onto the projection surface so that they can be continuously observed on the projection surface.

The first lighting method according to the present disclosure is
The first diffraction optical element that diffracts the incident light so that the first projection pattern is projected on the projection surface, and the second projection pattern that diffracts the incident light and is different from the first projection pattern are the projection surface. A lighting method for illuminating the projection surface using a second diffractive optical element that is projected onto the projection surface.
An illumination method comprising a step of repeatedly directing light to each of the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element at a time interval shorter than the time resolution of human vision or less than 0.033 seconds.

In the first illumination method according to the present disclosure, the ratio of the time (seconds) in which light is directed to the first diffraction optical element within a fixed time (seconds) shorter than the time resolution or less than 0.033 seconds (seconds). %) Changes, and the ratio (%) of the time (seconds) in which the light is directed to the second diffraction optical element within the fixed time (seconds) may change.

In the first illumination method according to the present disclosure, the time during which the light is continuously directed to the first diffractive optical element changes, and the time during which the light is continuously directed to the second diffractive optical element changes. You may try to do it.

In the first illumination method according to the present disclosure, the ratio of the time (seconds) in which light is directed to the first diffraction optical element within a fixed time (seconds) shorter than the time resolution or less than 0.033 seconds (seconds). %) Is gradually shortened, and the ratio (%) of the time (seconds) in which the light is directed to the second diffraction optical element within the fixed time (seconds) may be gradually increased.

In the first illumination method according to the present disclosure, the time during which the light is continuously directed to the first diffractive optical element is gradually shortened, and the time during which the light is continuously directed to the second diffractive optical element is gradually shortened. It may be gradually lengthened.

The first lighting method according to the present disclosure is
A step of directing light only to the first diffractive optical element of the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element and illuminating the projection surface with the first projection pattern.
The step of repeatedly directing light to each of the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element at the time interval, and
A step of directing light only to the second diffractive optical element of the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element and illuminating the projection surface with the second projection pattern.
May be prepared in this order.

The first lighting method according to the present disclosure is
An illumination method that further uses a third diffractive optical element that diffracts incident light so that a third projection pattern different from both the first projection pattern and the second projection pattern is projected onto the projection surface. hand,
A step of directing light only to the first diffractive optical element of the first diffractive optical element, the second diffractive optical element, and the third diffractive optical element.
At the time interval, the light is repeatedly directed only to the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element of the first diffractive optical element, the second diffractive optical element, and the third diffractive optical element. Process and
A step in which light is directed only to the second diffractive optical element of the first diffractive optical element, the second diffractive optical element, and the third diffractive optical element.
The second diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element of the first diffractive optical element, the second diffractive optical element, and the third diffractive optical element at a time interval shorter than the time resolution or less than 0.033 seconds. A process in which light is repeatedly directed only to the three-diffraction optical element,
A step in which light is directed only to the third diffractive optical element of the first diffractive optical element, the second diffractive optical element, and the third diffractive optical element.
May be prepared in this order.

In the first illumination method according to the present disclosure, the first projection pattern, the second projection pattern, and the third projection pattern have the same contour shape, and the size increases or decreases in this order. You may try to become.

In the first lighting method according to the present disclosure,
The region on which the second projection pattern is projected on the projection plane includes the region on which the first projection pattern is projected on the projection plane, and the third projection pattern on the projection plane is projected. The region includes a region on the projection plane on which the second projection pattern is projected, or
The region on which the second projection pattern is projected on the projection plane includes the region on which the third projection pattern is projected on the projection plane, and the first projection pattern on the projection plane is projected. The region may include a region on the projection plane on which the second projection pattern is projected.

In the first illumination method according to the present disclosure, the ratio of the time (seconds) in which light is directed to the first diffraction optical element within a fixed time (seconds) shorter than the time resolution or less than 0.033 seconds (seconds). %), The ratio (%) of the time (seconds) in which the light is directed to the second diffraction optical element within the fixed time (seconds) may be larger.

In the first illumination method according to the present disclosure, the time during which the light is continuously directed at the second diffractive optical element is longer than the time during which the light is continuously directed at the first diffractive optical element. It may be.

The second lighting method according to the present disclosure is
An illumination method for illuminating the projection surface using a diffractive optical element that diffracts incident light so that a projection pattern is projected onto the projection surface.
Light is repeatedly directed at the diffractive optics at time intervals shorter than the time resolution of human vision or less than 0.033 seconds.

In the second illumination method according to the present disclosure, the ratio (%) of the time (seconds) in which light is directed to the diffractive optical element within a fixed time (seconds) shorter than the time resolution or less than 0.033 seconds. May change.

In the second illumination method according to the present disclosure, the time during which the light is continuously directed to the diffractive optical element may be changed.

In the second illumination method according to the present disclosure, the ratio (%) of the time (seconds) in which light is directed to the diffractive optical element within a fixed time (seconds) shorter than the time resolution or less than 0.033 seconds. May be gradually lengthened or gradually shortened.

In the second illumination method according to the present disclosure, the time during which the light is continuously directed to the diffractive optical element may be gradually increased or decreased.

The third lighting method according to the present disclosure is
The first diffraction optical element that diffracts the incident light so that the first projection pattern is projected on the projection surface, and the second projection pattern that diffracts the incident light and is different from the first projection pattern are the projection surface. A lighting method for illuminating the projection surface using a second diffractive optical element that is projected onto the projection surface.
A step of directing light only to the first diffractive optical element of the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element and illuminating the projection surface with the first projection pattern.
A step of repeatedly directing light to each of the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element, and
A step of directing light only to the second diffractive optical element of the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element and illuminating the projection surface with the second projection pattern is provided in this order.

In the first and third illumination methods according to the present disclosure, the light is directed in at least one of a step in which the light is directed only to the first diffractive optical element and a step in which the light is directed only to the second diffractive optical element. The position of light incident on the diffractive optical element may be stopped at least temporarily in the diffractive optical element.

In the first and third illumination methods according to the present disclosure, in the step of directing light only to the first diffractive optical element and the step of directing light only to the second diffractive optical element, the diffractive optical element to which the light is directed. The position of light incident on the diffractive optical element may be moved at least temporarily and periodically in the diffractive optical element.

The third lighting method according to the present disclosure is
A process of projecting only the first projection pattern of the first projection pattern and the second projection pattern on the projection surface, and
A step of projecting the first projection pattern and the second projection pattern onto the projection surface so that both the first projection pattern and the second projection pattern are continuously observed on the projection surface.
A step of projecting only the second projection pattern of the first projection pattern and the second projection pattern on the projection surface is provided in this order.

According to the present disclosure, it is possible to perform a display having a high eye-catching effect.

FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining one embodiment, and is a plan view showing a lighting device together with a projection pattern projected on a projection surface. FIG. 2 is a side view showing the lighting device of FIG. 1 together with a projection plane. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a diffractive optical element of the lighting device of FIG. FIG. 4A is a graph showing the time course of the incident position of light on the diffractive optical element of FIG. FIG. 4B is a graph corresponding to FIG. 4A, showing another example of the time course of the incident position. FIG. 4C is a graph corresponding to FIG. 4A, showing still another example of the time course of the incident position. FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the incident position of light on the diffractive optical element of FIG. 3 and the pattern projected on the projection surface. FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the incident position of light on the diffractive optical element of FIG. 3 and the pattern projected on the projection surface. FIG. 7A shows a timing chart in which light is distributed to each diffractive optical element. FIG. 7B is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 7A and shows another example of the timing chart. FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the incident position of light on the diffractive optical element of FIG. 3 and the pattern projected on the projection surface. FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the incident position of light on the diffractive optical element of FIG. 3 and the pattern projected on the projection surface. FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the incident position of light on the diffractive optical element of FIG. 3 and the pattern projected on the projection surface. FIG. 11 is a graph showing another example of the time course of the incident position of light on the diffractive optical element of FIG. FIG. 12 is a graph showing the time course of the diffractive optical element to which the light is directed in the illumination method of FIG. FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining a change in the projection pattern projected on the projection surface in the illumination method of FIG. FIG. 14 is a graph showing still another example of the time course of the incident position of light on the diffractive optical element. FIG. 15 is a graph showing the time course of the diffractive optical element to which the light is directed in the illumination method of FIG. FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a projection pattern projected on a projection surface in the illumination method of FIG. FIG. 17 is a diagram showing another example of the projection pattern projected on the projection surface in the illumination method of FIG. FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a diffractive optical element that can be used in the illumination method of FIG. FIG. 19 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 and is a plan view showing a modified example of the diffractive optical element of the lighting device. FIG. 20 is a graph showing the time course of the diffractive optical element to which the light is directed in the lighting device of FIG. FIG. 21 is a plan view showing an example of a projection pattern projected on the projection surface. FIG. 22 is a plan view showing another example of the projection pattern projected on the projection surface. FIG. 23 is a plan view showing still another example of the projection pattern projected on the projection plane. FIG. 24 is a plan view showing still another example of the projection pattern projected on the projection plane. FIG. 25 is a plan view showing still another example of the projection pattern projected on the projection plane. FIG. 26 is a plan view showing still another example of the projection pattern projected on the projection plane. FIG. 27 is a plan view for explaining an example of a method of scanning an incident position on a diffractive optical element. FIG. 28 is a plan view for explaining another example of the scanning method of the incident position on the diffractive optical element. FIG. 29 is a plan view for explaining still another example of the method of scanning the incident position on the diffractive optical element. FIG. 30 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 1 and is a diagram showing a modified example of the lighting device. FIG. 31 is a diagram showing the lighting device of FIG. 30 in a state different from that of FIG. 30. FIG. 32 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 1 and is a diagram showing another modification of the lighting device. FIG. 33 is a graph showing the time course of the diffractive optical element to which the light is directed in the lighting device of FIG. 32.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings attached to the present specification, the scale, aspect ratio, etc. are appropriately changed from those of the actual product and exaggerated for the convenience of illustration and comprehension.

In addition, as used in the present specification, the terms such as "parallel", "orthogonal", and "same", and the values of length and angle, which specify the shape and geometric conditions and their degrees, are strictly used. It is interpreted to include the range in which similar functions can be expected, without being bound by any meaning.

1 to 33 are diagrams for explaining one embodiment. Of these, FIGS. 1 and 2 are plan views or side views showing the lighting device together with the projection plane, respectively. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the lighting device 10 includes a light source 15 that emits light and an optical element OD that diffracts light from the light source 15. The optical element OD includes one or more diffracting optical elements 40 that diffract the light from the light source 15 so that the projection pattern DP is projected onto the projection surface PP. That is, the illuminating device 10 illuminates the projection surface PP with the projection pattern DP, and also displays the projection pattern DP on the projection surface PP. The lighting device 10 according to the present embodiment is devised to enable a display having a high eye-catching effect.

As the projection surface PP on which the projection pattern DP is projected, the road surface shown in FIG. 1, the playground, the ground such as a park, the water surface such as the sea surface and the water surface, the school, the company, the factory, the meeting place, the auditorium, the gymnasium, the stadium, Examples can be given to the outer wall surface, inner wall surface, passageway, floor, ceiling, etc. of a building such as a venue.

The illustrated lighting device 10 includes a shaping optical system 20, an optical path adjusting device 30, and a control device 12 in addition to the above-mentioned light source 15 and diffractive optical element 40. The shaping optical system 20 shapes the light from the light source 15. The optical path adjusting device 30 controls the supply of light to the diffractive optical element 40 by adjusting the optical path of the light from the light source 15. In particular, in the examples shown in FIGS. 1 to 10, the diffractive optical element 40 includes a first diffractive optical element 40A, a second diffractive optical element 40B, and a third diffractive optical element 40C. The optical path adjusting device 30 controls the distribution of light to the first diffraction optical element 40A, the second diffraction optical element 40B, and the third diffraction optical element 40C. The control device 12 controls the operation of the light source 15 and the optical path adjusting device 30. First, each element constituting the lighting device 10 will be described in order.

First, the control device 12 will be described. The control device 12 adjusts the operations of the light source 15 and the optical path adjusting device 30. For example, the control device 12 transmits an instruction signal to the light source 15 to control the emission of light from the light source 15 and the stop of emission of light from the light source 15. Further, the control device 12 may control the magnitude of the output from the light source 15. For example, the control device 12 controls the output of the light source 15 by adjusting the magnitude of the current value for driving the light source 15, the frequency (Hz) of the pulse current, and the like. Further, the control device 12 supplies light to the diffractive optical element 40 and distributes the light to the plurality of diffractive optical elements 40A to 40C by, for example, adjusting the direction of the reflection member 32 described later in the optical path adjusting device 30. Can be controlled.

The control device 12 is composed of hardware such as a CPU, for example. A portion of the control device 12 may be physically separated from the other components of the lighting device 10. Further, the control device 12 may be capable of coordinating a part of the constituent parts with the other constituent parts by communication through a network. Further, the control device 12 may be located on a device in which a part of the components can communicate with other components via an external network, for example, a server or a database on the cloud.

The control device 12 may control the light source 15 and the optical path adjusting device 30 based on the information recorded in advance. In this example, the control device 12 may have a recording unit for recording information. Further, the control device 12 includes the light source 15 and the optical path adjusting device 30 based on the detection results of the detection unit installed at the place where the lighting device 10 is installed, for example, the detection unit that detects the presence / absence of a human being and the moving direction of the human being. May be controlled. In this example, the lighting device 10 may have a detection unit capable of transmitting the detection result to the control device 12. Further, the control device 12 sets the light source 15 and the optical path adjusting device 30 based on an alarm or the like at the place where the lighting device 10 is installed, for example, based on an alarm or the like received from a management room of a building or the like where the lighting device 10 is installed. May be controlled. Examples of the warnings include warnings related to weather and climate, warnings related to disasters, warnings notifying abnormalities that have occurred in building equipment, and the like. Further, the control device 12 may control the light source 15 and the optical path adjusting device 30 based on a signal from a human being in the area where the lighting device 10 is installed. In this example, the lighting device 10 may have a receiving unit that receives information and instructions from a human smartphone, tablet, or the like. By controlling the light source 15 and the optical path adjusting device 30 based on the information recorded in advance or based on an external instruction or information number, the control device 12 can perform appropriate lighting and appropriate display.

Next, the light source 15 will be described. As the light source 15 that emits light, various types of light sources can be used. Typically, as the light source 15, a coherent light source capable of emitting coherent light having the same wavelength and phase can be used. As the coherent light source, a laser light source that oscillates laser light can be used. As a specific example, the illustrated light source 15 is configured as a semiconductor laser light source and is supported, for example, by a circuit board. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the light source 15 includes a single light source. Therefore, in the illustrated example, the projection pattern DP is projected on the projection surface PP with a color corresponding to the wavelength range of the light oscillated from the light source 15. However, the lighting device 10 may include a plurality of light sources 15 and, after the light emitted from each light source 15 is superposed, head toward the optical path adjusting device 30 and the diffractive optical element 40. When the illuminating device 10 includes a plurality of light sources 15 that emit light in the same wavelength range, the projection surface PP can be brightly illuminated.

The shaping optical system 20 shapes the light emitted from the light source 15. In other words, the shaping optical system 20 shapes the three-dimensional shape of the light flux and the shape of the cross section orthogonal to the optical axis of the light. For example, the shaping optical system 20 shapes the light from the light source 15 into a parallel light flux including the collimating lens 21 and the like, and further adjusts the shaped parallel light beam so as to have a predetermined light flux cross-sectional area.

Next, the optical path adjusting device 30 will be described. The optical path adjusting device 30 adjusts the optical path of the light emitted by the light source 15 to control the supply of light to the diffractive optical elements 40 and the distribution of light to the plurality of diffractive optical elements 40A to 40C. The optical path adjusting device 30 can be configured by using various parts, members, devices and the like that can change the optical path by utilizing refraction, reflection, diffraction and the like. As various parts, members, and devices capable of changing the optical path, a lens, a prism, a mirror, a diffractive optical element, and the like can be exemplified.

In the illustrated example, the optical path adjusting device 30 includes a scanning device 31. The scanning device 31 is controlled by the control device 12 and operates based on an electric signal from the control device 12. The scanning device 31 changes the optical path of the light from the light source 15 over time, and changes the incident position of the light from the light source 15 on the diffractive optical element 40. As a result, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, the incident position IP of the light on the diffractive optical element 40 scans on the diffractive optical element 40. In the illustrated example, the scanning apparatus 31 includes a reflective member 32 having a reflective surface that is rotatable about one axis 33. More specifically, the reflective member 32 is configured as a mirror device having a mirror as a reflective surface that can rotate around one axis 33. Such a scanning device 31 is available as a galvano mirror.

In the example shown in FIG. 1, the reflective member 32 of the scanning device 31 has a configuration that can rotate around one axis. According to the scanning device 31, the incident position IP can be one-dimensionally scanned, that is, linearly scanned on the diffraction optical element 40. However, the present invention is not limited to this example, and a scanning device 31 including a reflecting member 32 that can rotate about two or more axes can be adopted as the optical path adjusting device 30. Further, a scanning device 31 including a plurality of reflecting members 32 that can rotate around only one axis can be adopted as the optical path adjusting device 30.

As the scanning method of the scanning device 31, various scanning methods can be adopted. For example, a scanning device 31 such as a raster scan method or a Lissajous scan method can be applied to the optical path adjusting device 30. As will be described later, the vector scanning type scanning device 31 can be used as the optical path adjusting device 30 from the viewpoint of enabling the distribution of light to the plurality of diffractive optical elements 40 with a high degree of freedom. According to the vector scanning scanning device 31, when a plurality of diffractive optical elements 40 are arranged in a certain degree of proximity, scanning with a high degree of freedom is performed without being limited by the arrangement of the plurality of diffractive optical elements 40. Can be made possible. It should be noted that a commercially available galvanometer mirror can also enable scanning by the vector scanning method.

Next, the diffractive optical element 40 will be described. The diffractive optical element 40 is an element that exerts a diffracting action on the light emitted from the light source 15. The diffractive optical element 40 diffracts the light from the light source 15 and directs it toward the projection surface PP. As a result, as shown in FIG. 1, the diffracted light of the diffractive optical element 40 is projected onto the projection surface PP, and the projection surface PP is illuminated with the projection pattern DP corresponding to the diffraction pattern of the diffractive optical element 40. NS. The projection pattern DP is not particularly limited, and may be a pattern representing any one or more of characters, patterns, color patterns, symbols, marks, illustrations, characters, and pictograms.

The diffractive optical element 40 is typically a hologram element. By using the hologram element as the diffraction optical element 40, it becomes easy to design the diffraction characteristics of the diffraction optical element 40. It is relatively easy to design a hologram element capable of projecting light only over a predetermined position, contour shape, size, and orientation of a desired region on the projection surface PP. The region irradiated with light on the projection surface PP is the projection pattern DP projected on the projection surface PP.

When designing the diffractive optical element 40, the region on which the projection pattern DP should be projected is set in a real space at a predetermined position with respect to the diffractive optical element 40 with a predetermined contour shape, size and orientation. NS. The position, contour shape, size, and orientation of the region on which the projection pattern DP is projected depend on the diffraction characteristics of the diffraction optical element 40. By adjusting the diffraction characteristics of the diffraction optical element 40, the position, contour shape, size, and orientation of the region on which the projection pattern DP is projected on the projection surface PP can be arbitrarily adjusted. Therefore, when designing the diffractive optical element 40, first, the position, contour shape, size, and orientation of the projected region are determined according to the desired illumination pattern, and the projection pattern DP is applied to the entire area of the determined region. The diffraction characteristics of the diffractive optical element 40 may be adjusted so that light can be projected.

The diffractive optical element 40 can be produced as a computer-generated hologram (CGH). Computer-synthesized holograms are produced by calculating a structure having arbitrary diffraction characteristics on a computer. Therefore, by adopting the computer-synthesized hologram as the diffractive optical element 40, it is possible to eliminate the generation of object light and reference light using a light source or an optical system and the recording of interference fringes on the hologram recording material by exposure. .. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the illuminating device 10 is supposed to illuminate a region having a predetermined contour shape, size, and orientation at a predetermined position with respect to the diffractive optical element 40. By inputting information about an area to be illuminated into a computer as a parameter, a structure having a diffraction characteristic capable of projecting diffracted light on this area, for example, an uneven surface can be specified by a computer calculation. By forming the specified structure by, for example, resin shaping, the diffractive optical element 40 as a computer composite hologram can be manufactured at low cost by a simple procedure.

For the design of the diffractive optical element 40, for example, an iterative Fourier transform method can be used. When the iterative Fourier transform method is used, processing is performed on the premise that the irradiated region IA is far from the diffraction optical element 40, and the projection pattern DP projected on the projection surface PP can be used as a Fraunhofer diffraction image. Therefore, even if the normal direction of the projection surface PP is not parallel to the normal direction of the diffraction surface of the diffractive optical element 40, on the contrary, the normal direction of the projection surface PP is 45 with respect to the normal direction of the diffractive optical element 40. Even if the angle exceeds °, the light intensity can be made uniform over the entire region where the projection pattern DP is projected on the projection surface PP.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the diffractive optical element 40 may include a plurality of element diffractive optical elements 41. The individual element diffractive optical element 41 is, for example, a hologram element, and may be configured in the same manner as the diffractive optical element described above. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the light diffracted by the plurality of element diffracting optical elements 41 is projected onto the same region. That is, the light diffracted by each element diffracting optical element 41 is projected over the entire area where the projection pattern DP on the projection surface PP should be projected. According to such a diffractive optical element 40, light directed to each position in the irradiated region IA can be dispersed and emitted from a plurality of element diffractive optical elements 41 included in the diffractive optical element 40. This effectively prevents each position on the diffractive optical element 40 from becoming too bright, and can improve laser safety.

The element diffraction optical elements 41 may be configured to have the same diffraction characteristics as each other. However, in order to realize more accurate projection, each element diffractive optical element 41 is provided with diffractive characteristics designed separately according to the arrangement position of the element diffractive optical element 41 in the diffractive optical element 40. You may be. According to this example, each element diffractive optical element 41 is projected with a projection pattern DP on the projection surface PP by adjusting the diffraction characteristics according to the difference in arrangement with the other element diffractive optical elements 41. It is possible to direct the diffracted light of light with high accuracy only to the entire area of the power.

By the way, the lighting device 10 may have a plurality of diffractive optical elements 40 in response to the provision of the optical path adjusting device 30. The light from the light source 15 can be distributed to any of the diffractive optical elements 40 by the optical path adjusting device 30. The projection pattern DP in which the diffracted light from the plurality of diffractive optical elements 40 included in the plurality of lighting devices 10 is projected onto the projection surface PP is at least the projected position, contour shape, size and orientation on the projection surface PP. There is a difference in one.

The diffractive optical element 40 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 includes a first diffractive optical element 40A, a second diffractive optical element 40B, and a third diffractive optical element 40C. The first diffractive optical element 40A, the second diffractive optical element 40B, and the third diffractive optical element 40C are arranged in the first direction D1 in this order. In particular, the first diffraction optical element 40A, the second diffraction optical element 40B, and the third diffraction optical element 40C are arranged without a gap.

As shown in FIG. 1, the first diffraction optical element 40A projects the first projection pattern DP1 on the projection surface PP by diffracting the light whose optical path is adjusted by the optical path adjusting device 30. That is, the diffracted light in the first diffracting optical element 40A illuminates the projection surface PP with the first projection pattern DP1 and displays the first projection pattern DP1 on the projection surface PP. Similarly, the second diffracting optical element 40B projects the second projection pattern DP2 on the projection surface PP and illuminates it by diffracting the light whose optical path is adjusted by the optical path adjusting device 30, and illuminates the second projection pattern DP2 on the projection surface PP. 2 Display the projection pattern DP2. Further, the third diffracting optical element 40C projects the third projection pattern DP3 on the projection surface PP and illuminates it by diffracting the light whose optical path is adjusted by the optical path adjusting device 30, and illuminates the third projection pattern DP3 on the projection surface PP. The projection pattern DP3 is displayed.

In the examples shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the first projection pattern DP1, the second projection pattern DP2, and the third projection pattern DP3 are the same in contour shape, size, and orientation. The first projection pattern DP1, the second projection pattern DP2, and the third projection pattern DP3 are different from each other at the projected positions on the projection surface PP. The first projection pattern DP1, the second projection pattern DP2, and the third projection pattern DP3 display fish facing to the right. Since the fish as the first to third projection patterns DP1 to DP3 are the same in contour shape, size, and orientation, and only the position changes continuously, the observer can tell that the position of the pattern has changed. It can be easily perceived. In addition, the direction in which the head is turned allows the observer to perceive the traveling direction of the pattern. The fish as the first to third projection patterns DP1 to DP3 are projected at positions shifted in the first direction D1 on the projection surface PP. All the fish as the first to third projection patterns DP1 to DP3 are facing the first direction D1.

Further, the first diffractive optical element 40A includes a plurality of element diffractive optical elements 41, and the element diffractive optical elements 41 of the first diffractive optical element 40A are arranged in the first direction D1. Similarly, the second diffractive optical element 40B includes a plurality of element diffractive optical elements 41, and the element diffractive optical elements 41 of the second diffractive optical element 40B are arranged in the first direction D1. Further, the third diffractive optical element 40C includes a plurality of element diffractive optical elements 41, and the element diffractive optical elements 41 of the third diffractive optical element 40C are arranged in the first direction D1.

In the example shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the first to third diffraction optical elements 40A to 40C configured in a sheet shape extend in the first direction D1 and the second direction D2. On the other hand, the projection surface PP extends in the first direction D1 and the third direction D3. The first direction D1, the second direction D2, and the third direction D3 are perpendicular to each other. Therefore, the normal direction of the first to third diffraction optical elements 40A to 40C is along the third direction D3. The normal direction of the projection plane PP is along the second direction D2. The projection surface PP is, for example, a road surface, in which the first direction D1 and the third direction D3 extend in the horizontal direction, and the second direction D2 extends in the vertical direction. In this example, the first to third diffraction optical elements 40A to 40C are arranged along the vertical direction.

However, the configurations of the plurality of diffractive optical elements 40A, 40B, and 40C shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 are merely examples. In the lighting device 10, various changes can be made to the arrangement of the plurality of diffractive optical elements 40 and the arrangement of the element diffractive optical elements 41 in each diffractive optical element 40.

In addition, in order to clarify the directional relationship regarding the diffractive optical element 40 and the projection pattern DP between the drawings, the first direction D1, the second direction D2, and the third direction D3 are common between the drawings in some drawings. The direction is indicated by an arrow. The tip side of the arrow is one side of each direction D1, D2, D3. In addition, arrows pointing from the paper surface to the front along the direction perpendicular to the paper surface of the drawing are indicated by symbols having dots in the circle, for example, as shown in FIG. An arrow pointing toward the back of the paper along the direction perpendicular to the paper of the drawing is indicated by a symbol with an X in the circle, for example, as shown in FIG.

Next, the operation when using the lighting device 10 described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 will be described.

First, light is emitted from the light source 15 based on the control signal from the control device 12. The light emitted from the light source 15 then goes to the shaping optical system 20. The shaping optical system 20 shapes the light from the light source 15. More specifically, the shaping optical system 20 shapes the shape of the light so that the light is diffracted by the diffractive optical element 40 with high diffraction efficiency. In the illustrated example, the shaping optical system 20 shapes the light from the light source 15 into a parallel luminous flux. The light shaped by the shaping optical system 20 then goes to the optical path adjusting device 30.

At this time, the scanning device 31 of the optical path adjusting device 30 operates based on the control signal from the control device 12. Specifically, the reflective member 32 of the scanning device 31 repeatedly rotates at a high speed within a certain angle range around the rotation axis 33, or pauses at a specific angle. The direction of the light incident on the optical path adjusting device 30 changes according to the direction of the reflecting member 32. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the rotation axis 33 extends parallel to the second direction D2. Therefore, as the reflecting member 32 rotates, the optical path adjusting device 30 can direct light to any of the first diffractive optical element 40A, the second diffractive optical element 40B, and the third diffractive optical element 40C. It has become. As shown in FIG. 3, the incident position IP of the light on the diffractive optical element 40 moves in the first direction D1 with the operation of the scanning device 31. That is, in the illustrated example, the scanning device 31 of the optical path adjusting device 30 scans the light in the first direction D1 on the diffractive optical element 40. Further, when the rotation of the reflection member 32 is stopped, the incident position IP also stops moving on the optical element OD.

The incident position IP shown in the drawing is different from the spot region where the light is incident at a certain moment or the region where the light is incident when the optical path adjusting device 30 is stopped. The illustrated incident position IP indicates the central part of the spot area.

In the examples shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the first projection pattern DP1, the second projection pattern DP2, and the third projection pattern DP3 are the same in contour shape, size, and orientation. The first projection pattern DP1, the second projection pattern DP2, and the third projection pattern DP3 display fish facing to the right. However, the position where the first projection pattern DP1 is projected, the position where the second projection pattern DP2 is projected, and the position where the third projection pattern DP3 is projected are different on the projection surface PP. Specifically, the position where the first projection pattern DP1 is projected, the position where the second projection pattern DP2 is projected, and the position where the third projection pattern DP3 is projected are arranged in the first direction D1 in this order. ..

Therefore, it is assumed that the incident position IP of the light is simply moved on the diffractive optical element 40 by the scanning device 31 along the first direction D1 from the first diffractive optical element 40A to the third diffractive optical element 40C via the second diffractive optical element 40B. When scanning to, the first projection pattern DP1, the second projection pattern DP2, and the third projection pattern DP3 are displayed in order. Since projection patterns with the same contour shape, size, and orientation but different positions are projected sequentially, the position of the fish observed by the observer is shifted to one side of the first direction D1 in which the fish faces. Become.

Then, in the use examples of the lighting device 10 shown in FIGS. 4A to 10, a device is provided to enable a display in which the eye-catching effect is remarkably improved. FIG. 4A is a graph showing the time course of the incident position IP of the light from the light source 15. In the graph of FIG. 4A, the vertical axis indicates the position of the incident position IP in the first direction D1. More specifically, the vertical axis is in the first direction D1 from the other end of the first diffractive optical element 40A, that is, the end of the first diffractive optical element 40A away from the second diffractive optical element 40B. It shows the distance along. In the graph of FIG. 4A, the horizontal axis shows the passage of time.

When the scanning method of the incident position IP shown in FIG. 3 is used, the reflection member 32 of the optical path adjusting device 30 continues to rotate in one direction from the first timing TG1 to the second timing TG2. As shown in FIG. 5, the incident position IP moves from the other side end of the first diffraction optical element 40A along the first direction D1 and reaches one side end of the first diffraction optical element 40A. That is, the optical path adjusting device 30 directs the light only into the first diffractive optical element 40A in the optical element OD, and does not direct the light to the second diffractive optical element 40B and the third diffractive optical element 40C. Then, from the first timing TG1 to the second timing TG2, as shown in FIG. 5, only the first projection pattern DP1 is projected on the projection surface PP, and only the first projection pattern DP1 is projected on the projection surface PP. Observed.

Next, during the period from the second timing TG2 to the third timing TG3, the optical path adjusting device 30 alternately directs the light to each of the first diffractive optical element 40A and the second diffractive optical element 40B, so that the optical path adjusting device 30 emits light from the light source 15. Adjust the optical path of. That is, during the period from the second timing TG2 to the third timing TG3, the light whose optical path is adjusted by the optical path adjusting device 30 is intermittently incident on the first diffractive optical element 40A, and the second diffractive optics The element 40B is also intermittently incident. However, the first diffractive optical element 40A and the second diffractive optical element 40B are directed to light at intervals shorter than the time resolution of human vision, respectively. Here, the time interval is a time from the start of directing light to the next start of directing light, and is a concept including, for example, a period (seconds) when light is directed regularly.

Here, the time resolution of human vision is an index showing how much human vision can be decomposed and perceived in the time direction. When the light source is turned on intermittently at a time interval shorter than the time resolution of human vision, the human cannot perceive it as intermittent lighting. In other words, human beings can only grasp it as if it is continuously lit, not so-called blinking. That is, blinking at a time interval shorter than the time resolution of human vision is perceived by humans as lighting. Even if the light is actually directed to one diffractive optical element 40 by the optical path adjusting device 30, if the power to the laser light source that emits the light is supplied in a pulse shape, the laser light is emitted. Will be emitted at a high frequency, but human vision can only perceive it as a continuous emission of light. Generally, the time resolution of human vision is about 30 Hz or less in frequency and 0.033 seconds or more in time intervals. The temporal resolution of human vision can be measured, for example, by measuring the central flicker value.

Therefore, during the period from the second timing TG2 to the third timing TG3, the first projection pattern DP1 displayed by the diffracted light in the first diffraction optical element 40A is actually blinking on the projection surface PP. It is perceived by humans as being lit. Similarly, during the period from the second timing TG2 to the third timing TG3, the second projection pattern DP2 displayed by the diffracted light in the second diffraction optical element 40B is actually blinking on the projection surface PP. , It is perceived by humans as being lit. As a result, as shown in FIG. 6, both the first projection pattern DP1 and the second projection pattern DP2 are projected on the projection surface PP from the second timing TG2 to the third timing TG3, and the first projection pattern is projected. Both DP1 and the second projection pattern DP2 are observed on the projection plane PP.

A time interval of less than 0.033 seconds, more preferably a time of less than 0.025 seconds, from the viewpoint of allowing both the first projection pattern DP1 and the second projection pattern DP2 to be stably observed on the projection surface PP. The optical path adjusting device 30 adjusts the optical path so that the light is repeatedly directed to each of the first diffractive optical element 40A and the second diffractive optical element 40B at an interval, more preferably a time interval of less than 0.020 seconds.

As a specific control, in the example shown in FIG. 4A, the incident position IP alternately enters the first diffraction optical element 40A and the second diffraction optical element 40B by repeatedly folding back the traveling direction in the first direction D1. doing. In particular, in the example shown in FIG. 4A, the reflective member 32 of the scanning device 31 rotates at a constant angular velocity and alternately changes the direction of rotation at a constant cycle. The length along the first direction D1 entering the first diffractive optical element 40A and the length along the first direction D1 entering the second diffractive optical element 40B are the same. As a result, as shown in FIG. 7A, the time ST1 in which the light is directed to the first diffraction optical element 40A within a fixed time CT (seconds) corresponding to a time interval (seconds) shorter than the time resolution of human vision. (Seconds) and the time ST2 (seconds) in which the light is directed to the second diffraction optical element 40B within a fixed time CT (seconds) are the same. In other words, the first residence time ST1 (seconds) as the length of time that the incident position IP stays in the first diffraction optical element 40A within the fixed time CT (seconds), and within the fixed time CT (seconds). The second residence time ST2 (seconds) as the length of time that the incident position IP stays in the second diffraction optical element 40B is the same. The fixed-time CT (seconds) referred to here can be a time interval shorter than the time resolution at which the first diffraction optical element 40A is repeatedly supplied with light, and therefore a time interval shorter than 0.033 seconds.

Here, FIG. 7A shows a timing chart in which light is distributed to the first diffraction optical element 40A and the second diffraction optical element 40B. In the graph of FIG. 7A, the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents the current value applied to the light source 15. The current value applied to the light source 15 represents the magnitude of the output from the light source 15, specifically the magnitude of the radiant flux (W) supplied from the light source 15. Then, the value obtained by integrating the magnitude of this output with time becomes proportional to the energy supplied to the projection pattern DP. Therefore, assuming that the areas of the projection pattern DP are the same, the brightness of the first projection pattern DP1 observed by humans between the second timing TG2 and the third timing TG3 is shown in the graph of FIG. 7A. It is proportional to the integrated value of the output of the light source 15 within the range of one first residence time ST1 (seconds). Similarly, the brightness of the second projection pattern DP2 observed by humans between the second timing TG2 and the third timing TG3 is within the range of one second residence time ST2 (seconds) in the graph of FIG. 7A. It is proportional to the integrated value of the output of the light source 15 in. In the illustrated example, since the output of the light source 15 is proportional to the current value supplied to the light source 15, the magnitude of the integrated value of the current supplied to the light source within the range of one residence time (seconds) is large. , The brightness of the projection pattern DP will be represented.

The graph of FIG. 7A shows which diffractive optical element 40 the light is directed to. The size of the area of the coded region of each diffractive optical element in the figure represents the brightness of the projection pattern DP projected on the projection surface PP by each diffractive optical element.

As in the illustrated example, when the current applied to the light source 15 is constant and the output from the light source 15 is constant, it is observed by a human between the second timing TG2 and the third timing TG3. The brightness of the first projection pattern DP1 is the ratio (%) of the first residence time ST1 (seconds) in which the light is directed to the first diffraction optical element within a certain period of time CT (seconds), that is, the first residence. It depends on the duty ratio of time ST1. Similarly, the brightness of the second projection pattern DP2 observed by humans between the second timing TG2 and the third timing TG3 is directed to the first diffraction optical element within a certain period of time CT (seconds). It depends on the ratio (%) of the second residence time ST2 (seconds), that is, the duty ratio of the second residence time ST2.

In the illustrated example, the first residence time ST1 and the second residence time ST2 are the same as each other without changing between the second timing TG2 and the third timing TG3. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, during the period from the second timing TG2 to the third timing TG3, the first projection pattern DP1 and the second projection pattern DP2 are perceived as having the same brightness by human vision. Further, the brightness of the first projection pattern DP1 and the second projection pattern DP2 is grasped by human vision between the first timing TG1 and the second timing TG2 shown in FIG. It becomes half the brightness of. Of course, if it is not necessary to make the first projection pattern DP1 and the second projection pattern DP2 have the same brightness, the duty ratio of the first residence time ST1 and the duty ratio of the second residence time ST2 are not set to 1: 1. The brightness of the first projection pattern DP1 and the brightness of the second projection pattern DP2 may be changed.

Returning to FIG. 3, the reflecting member 32 of the optical path adjusting device 30 continues to rotate in one direction from the third timing TG3 to the fourth timing TG4. As shown in FIG. 8, the incident position IP moves from the other side end of the second diffraction optical element 40B along the first direction D1 and reaches one side end of the second diffraction optical element 40B. That is, the optical path adjusting device 30 directs the light only into the second diffractive optical element 40B in the optical element OD, and does not direct the light to the first diffractive optical element 40A and the third diffractive optical element 40C. From the third timing TG3 to the fourth timing TG4, as shown in FIG. 8, only the second projection pattern DP2 is projected on the projection surface PP, and only the second projection pattern DP2 is observed on the projection surface PP. NS.

That is, the projection pattern DP projected on the projection surface PP changes from the first projection pattern DP1 to the second projection pattern DP2 between the first timing TG1 and the fourth timing TG4 described above. Then, in the example shown in FIG. 4A, a time interval shorter than the time resolution of human vision is shortened during one period during the change of the object to which the light is directed from the first diffractive optical element 40A to the second diffractive optical element 40B. Specifically, light is repeatedly directed to each of the first diffractive optical element 40A and the second diffractive optical element 40B at a time interval of less than 0.033 seconds.

Therefore, one period during which the observed projection pattern DP changes from the first projection pattern DP1 to the second projection pattern DP2, specifically, during the period from the second timing TG2 to the third timing TG3, the first projection pattern DP1 And the second projection pattern DP2 can both be observed at the same time. Moreover, the brightness of the first projection pattern DP1 and the second projection pattern DP2 displayed at the same time is half the brightness of the first projection pattern DP1 observed independently, and the second projection similarly observed independently. It is half the brightness of pattern DP2. According to the illumination and display that can be said to utilize such an afterimage, the transition from the first projection pattern DP1 to the second projection pattern DP2 becomes natural, and only one of the first projection pattern DP1 and the second projection pattern DP2 becomes. Compared to the transition of the display from the first projection pattern DP1 to the second projection pattern DP2 as observed, it becomes easier to perceive that the change in the projection pattern is dynamic, and the eye-catching effect is dramatically improved. Can be improved.

Moreover, the control of light distribution by the optical path adjusting device 30 between the second timing TG2 and the third timing TG3 does not require control for adjusting the emission of light from the light source 15, the stop of emission, the magnitude of output, and the like. .. The control of light distribution by the optical path adjusting device 30 is extremely simple as compared with the control of adjusting the emission of light from the light source 15, the stop of emission, the magnitude of output, and the like. Further, the control of light distribution by the optical path adjusting device 30 can be combined with the control of the light source 15, for example, the first projection pattern DP1 and the first projection pattern DP1 observed simultaneously between the second timing TG2 and the third timing TG3. The brightness of the second projection pattern DP2 can be adjusted. Thereby, the eye-catching effect in the display of the first projection pattern DP1 and the second projection pattern DP2 can be further effectively improved.

For example, in the example shown in FIG. 7B, during the first period between the second timing TG2 and the third timing TG3, while the light path adjusting device 30 directs the light to the second diffraction optical element 40B, the second The output of the light source 15 is lower than that while the light is directed to the 1-diffraction optical element 40A. Further, during the final period between the second timing TG2 and the third timing TG3, the light is directed to the second diffraction optical element 40B while the light is directed to the first diffraction optical element 40A by the optical path adjusting device 30. The output of the light source 15 is lower than that during the diffraction period. The output of the light source 15 can be adjusted by the applied current as in the illustrated example. According to such an example, the second projection pattern DP2 is displayed darker than the first projection pattern DP1 during the first period between the second timing TG2 and the third timing TG3. Further, during the final period between the second timing TG2 and the third timing TG3, the first projection pattern DP1 is displayed darker than the second projection pattern DP2. According to this example, the transition of the display from the first projection pattern DP1 to the second projection pattern DP2 can be observed more naturally, and the eye-catching effect can be further improved.

Returning to FIG. 3, the optical path adjusting device 30 starts from the light source 15 so as to alternately and repeatedly direct the light to each of the second diffractive optical element 40B and the third diffractive optical element 40C between the fourth timing TG4 and the fifth timing TG5. Adjust the optical path of the light. That is, during the period from the 4th timing TG4 to the 5th timing TG5, the light whose optical path is adjusted by the optical path adjusting device 30 is intermittently incident on the 2nd diffractive optical element 40B, and the 3rd diffractive optics The element 40C is also intermittently incident. The second diffractive optical element 40B and the third diffractive optical element 40C each have a time interval shorter than the time resolution of human vision, for example, a time interval of less than 0.033 seconds, more preferably less than 0.025 seconds. The light is directed at a time interval of, more preferably less than 0.020 seconds.

Similar to the above-described second timing TG2 to third timing TG3, as shown in FIG. 9, from the fourth timing TG4 to the fifth timing TG5, the second projection pattern DP2 and the second projection pattern DP2 and Both the third projection pattern DP3 are projected, and both the second projection pattern DP2 and the third projection pattern DP3 are observed on the projection surface PP. The brightness of the second projection pattern DP2 and the third projection pattern DP3 observed simultaneously on the projection surface PP is darker than the brightness of the second projection pattern DP2 observed alone in the immediately preceding step, strictly speaking, independently. It is half the brightness of the observed second projection pattern DP2.

After that, as shown in FIG. 4A, during the period from the fifth timing TG5 to the sixth timing TG6, as shown in FIG. 10, the incident position IP is the first direction D1 from the other side end of the third diffraction optical element 40C. It moves along and reaches one side end of the third diffractive optical element 40C. That is, the optical path adjusting device 30 directs the light only into the third diffractive optical element 40C in the optical element OD, and does not direct the light to the first diffractive optical element 40A and the second diffractive optical element 40B. From the 5th timing TG5 to the 6th timing TG6, as shown in FIG. 10, only the third projection pattern DP3 is projected on the projection surface PP, and only the third projection pattern DP3 is observed on the projection surface PP. NS. The brightness of the third projection pattern DP3 observed independently is brighter than the brightness of the second projection pattern DP2 and the third projection pattern DP3 observed at the same time in the immediately preceding step, and strictly speaking, the brightness of the second projection observed at the same time. The brightness is twice that of the pattern DP2 and the third projection pattern DP3.

During the period from the third timing TG3 to the sixth timing TG6 described above, the projection pattern DP projected on the projection surface PP changes from the second projection pattern DP2 to the third projection pattern DP3. Then, in the example shown in FIG. 4A, the time interval shorter than the time resolution of human vision is shortened during one period during the change of the object to which the light is directed from the second diffractive optical element 40B to the third diffractive optical element 40C. Specifically, light is repeatedly directed to each of the second diffractive optical element 40B and the third diffractive optical element 40C at a time interval of less than 0.033 seconds.

Therefore, one period during which the observed projection pattern DP changes from the second projection pattern DP2 to the third projection pattern DP3, specifically, during the period from the fourth timing TG4 to the fifth timing TG5, the second projection pattern DP2 And the third projection pattern DP3 can both be observed at the same time. Moreover, the brightness of the second projection pattern DP2 and the third projection pattern DP3 displayed at the same time is half the brightness of the second projection pattern DP2 observed independently, and the third projection similarly observed independently. It is half the brightness of pattern DP3. According to the illumination and display that can be said to utilize such an afterimage, the transition from the second projection pattern DP2 to the third projection pattern DP3 becomes natural, and only one of the second projection pattern DP2 and the third projection pattern DP3 is observed. Compared with the transition of the display from the second projection pattern DP2 to the third projection pattern DP3, it becomes easier to perceive that the change in the projection pattern is dynamic, and the eye-catching effect is dramatically improved. Can be made to.

Further, in the examples shown in FIGS. 4A to 10, the plurality of projection patterns DP1 to DP3 can display information regarding directions that are the same as each other depending on the direction in which the head of the fish faces. The direction displayed by the plurality of projection patterns DP1 to DP3 is from the position where the first projection pattern DP1 is projected on the projection surface PP to the position where the second projection pattern DP2 is projected on the projection surface. It is along the direction from the position where the second projection pattern DP2 is projected on the projection surface PP to the position where the third projection pattern DP3 is projected on the projection surface. According to this example, by preferably using the display excellent in the eye-catching effect by the lighting device 10, the display function of the information regarding the direction can be made excellent.

According to the above-mentioned example of FIG. 4A, the incident position IP continuously moves in the first diffraction optical element 40A from the first timing TG1 to the second timing TG2 displaying only the first projection pattern DP1. Continue to do. Similarly, the incident position IP continuously moves in the second diffraction optical element 40B from the third timing TG3 to the fourth timing TG4 displaying only the second projection pattern DP2. Further, the incident position IP continuously moves in the third diffraction optical element 40C from the fifth timing TG5 to the sixth timing TG6 displaying only the third projection pattern DP3. However, not limited to this example, when displaying only one of the first projection pattern DP1, the second projection pattern DP2, and the third projection pattern DP3, the incident position IP of light in the corresponding diffractive optical element 40 It may be stopped temporarily. According to such an example, it is possible to adjust the residence time ST and the duty ratio of one diffractive optical element 40 with a high degree of freedom.

In the example shown in FIG. 4B, the incident position IP is stopped at least temporarily in the first diffraction optical element 40A for a period from the first timing TG1 to the second timing TG2. When the incident position IP stops in any of the diffractive optical elements 40, the entire spot region as a region where light is incident at a certain moment is located only in the diffractive optical element 40. That is, not only the incident position IP as the center of the spot region but also the entire area of the spot region is located only in one diffractive optical element 40, and only the projection pattern DP corresponding to the diffractive optical element 40 is displayed. Thereby, the residence time at which the incident position IP is located only in one diffractive optical element 40 can be adjusted to a desired time.

As yet another example, as shown in FIG. 4C, when displaying only one projection pattern DP, the incident position IP may continue to move in the diffractive optical element 40 corresponding to the projection pattern DP. Since it is easy to control, the incident position IP may be moved at least temporarily in the diffractive optical element 40 periodically. In the example shown in FIG. 4C, the incident position IP reciprocates in the diffractive optical element 40 in the first direction at a constant speed. According to the example shown in FIG. 4C, the region irradiated with light in one diffractive optical element 40, that is, the spot region moves. As in the example shown in FIG. 3, when a plurality of element diffractive optical elements 41 are arranged in the first direction D1 which is the scanning direction, the element diffractive optical element 41 to be irradiated with light changes. Also in this example, it is possible to easily adjust the residence time ST and the duty ratio of one diffractive optical element 40 with a high degree of freedom. In the example shown in FIG. 4C, although not particularly limited, the moving speed of the incident position IP is constant, which makes it easier to control the incident position IP. Further, according to this example, the light intensity in the projection pattern DP is weakened in a time-integral manner, and the laser safety can be improved. Further, since the direction of light incident on the projection pattern DP changes with time at high speed, the projection pattern DP can be superposed uncorrelatedly on the projection surface PP, and the speckle can be reduced.

The time during which only one of the first projection pattern DP1, the second projection pattern DP2, and the third projection pattern DP3 is displayed, in other words, the first diffraction optical element 40A and the second diffraction optical element 40B. The time during which the light is directed only to the diffractive optical element 40 of the third diffractive optical element 40C is important for improving the visibility of the observer. Then, by using the method shown in FIGS. 4B and 4C, the length of this time can be easily adjusted. From the viewpoint of improving the eye-catching effect at the time of transition described above, it is preferable that this time is longer than the time resolution of vision, and specifically, it is preferably 0.033 seconds or more. Further, if this time is too long, the observer tends to perceive the transition of the projection pattern as static. Therefore, this time is preferably 10 seconds or less, and more preferably 3 seconds or less. On the other hand, by directing light to the diffractive optical element 40 to be repeatedly targeted at a time interval less than the visual time resolution or a time interval less than 0.033 seconds, the projection pattern by the diffracted light by the diffractive optical element 40 can also be directed. It is also possible to observe the DP as if it were continuously projected.

In the above, the first application example of the lighting method using the lighting device 10 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 has been described mainly with reference to FIGS. 4A to 10. In the first application example, the stages from the first timing TG1 to the second timing TG2, the stages from the second timing TG2 to the third timing TG3, the stages from the third timing TG3 to the fourth timing TG4, and the second It includes a stage from the 4th timing TG4 to the 5th timing TG5 and a stage from the 5th timing TG5 to the 6th timing TG6. In the stages from the first timing TG1 to the second timing TG2, the light is directed only to the first diffraction optical element 40A for a time of more than the time resolution of human vision or 0.033 seconds or more. In the stages from the second timing TG2 to the third timing TG3, the light is repeatedly applied only to the first diffraction optical element 40A and the second diffraction optical element 40B at a time interval shorter than the time resolution of human vision or less than 0.033 seconds. Is directed. In the stages from the third timing TG3 to the fourth timing TG4, the light is directed only to the second diffraction optical element 40B for a time equal to or longer than the time resolution of human vision or 0.033 seconds or longer. In the stages from the 4th timing TG4 to the 5th timing TG5, the light is repeatedly applied only to the second diffraction optical element 40B and the third diffraction optical element 40C at a time interval shorter than the time resolution of human vision or less than 0.033 seconds. Is directed. In the stages from the fifth timing TG5 to the sixth timing TG6, the light is directed only to the third diffractive optical element 40C for a time equal to or longer than the time resolution of human vision or 0.033 seconds or longer.

According to such a first application example, the display excellent in the eye-catching effect by the lighting device 10 can be preferably used. Specifically, both the first projection pattern DP1 and the second projection pattern DP2 are observed by humans while the projection pattern DP illuminated on the projection surface PP is changing from the first projection pattern DP1 to the second projection pattern DP2. There will be a time when it will be done. Similarly, both the second projection pattern DP2 and the third projection pattern DP3 are observed by humans while the projection pattern DP illuminated on the projection surface PP changes from the second projection pattern DP2 to the third projection pattern DP3. There will be a time. Therefore, according to this first application example, the transition of illumination from the first projection pattern DP1 through the second projection pattern DP2 to the third projection pattern DP3 is performed by utilizing the rich expressive power utilizing the afterimage effect. It is also possible to display, for example, to display the projection pattern DP as if it were moving. As a result, the display by the lighting device 10 can have a better eye-catching effect.

Next, a second application example of the lighting method using the lighting device 10 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 will be described with reference mainly to FIGS. 11 to 13.

The second application example of the illumination method using the illumination device 10 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is the above-mentioned first application example and the optical path adjusting device between the second timing TG2 and the third timing TG3. The operation of 30 is different. In the second application example, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the optical path adjusting device 30 changes the first residence time ST1 (seconds) in which the light is continuously directed to the first diffraction optical element 40A. Adjusts the optical path of the light from the light source 15. Similarly, the optical path adjusting device 30 adjusts the optical path of the light from the light source 15 so that the time during which the light is continuously directed to the second diffraction optical element 40B changes. In addition, the ratio (%) of the first residence time ST1 (seconds) in which the light is directed to the first diffraction optical element 40A within a fixed time CT (seconds) shorter than the time resolution or less than 0.033 seconds changes. The optical path adjusting device 30 adjusts the optical path of the light from the light source 15. Further, the optical path adjusting device 30 sets the optical path of the light from the light source 15 so that the ratio (%) of the time (seconds) in which the light is directed to the second diffraction optical element 40B within the fixed time CT (seconds) also changes. I'm adjusting.

Here, FIG. 11 is a graph corresponding to FIG. 4A, which is expanded for a period between the second timing TG2 and the third timing TG3. Further, FIG. 12 is a graph corresponding to FIG. 7A.

Also in the second application example, the first to third projection patterns DP1 to DP3 have the same area on the projection surface PP. Further, the magnitude of the output from the light source 15 is proportional to the magnitude of the current value supplied to the light source 15. Therefore, as described above in the description of the steps between the second timing TG2 and the third timing TG3 in the first application example, in the illustrated example, between the second timing TG2 and the third timing TG3. The brightness of the first projection pattern DP1 observed by humans in FIG. 12 is proportional to the integrated value of the current within the range of one first residence time ST1 (seconds) in the graph of FIG. Similarly, the brightness of the second projection pattern DP2 observed by humans between the second timing TG2 and the third timing TG3 is within the range of one second residence time ST2 (seconds) in the graph of FIG. Is proportional to the integral value of the current in. Therefore, by changing the length of the first residence time ST1 between the second timing TG2 and the third timing TG3, the brightness of the first projection pattern DP1 grasped by human vision changes. Become. Similarly, by changing the length of the second residence time ST2 between the second timing TG2 and the third timing TG3, the brightness of the second projection pattern DP2 grasped by human vision changes. Become. In particular, when the magnitude of the output from the light source 15 is kept constant while the current value is constant, the brightness of the projection pattern DP can be effectively adjusted by the residence time.

As in the illustrated example, when the current applied to the light source 15 is constant and the output from the light source 15 is constant, it is observed by a human during the period from the second timing TG2 to the third timing TG3. The brightness of the first projection pattern DP1 to be formed depends on the ratio (%) of the first residence time ST1 (seconds) in which the light is directed to the first diffraction optical element within a fixed time CT (seconds). Similarly, the brightness of the second projection pattern DP2 observed by humans between the second timing TG2 and the third timing TG3 is directed to the first diffraction optical element within a certain period of time CT (seconds). It depends on the ratio (%) of the second residence time ST2 (seconds). Therefore, it is grasped by human vision by changing the ratio (%) of the first residence time ST1 (seconds) within the fixed time CT (seconds) between the second timing TG2 and the third timing TG3. The brightness of the first projection pattern DP1 changes. Similarly, by changing the ratio (%) of the first residence time ST1 (seconds) within the fixed time CT (seconds) between the second timing TG2 and the third timing TG3, it is grasped by human vision. The brightness of the second projection pattern DP2 changes.

Therefore, according to the second application example, the brightness of the first projection pattern DP1 and the second projection pattern DP2, which are visually recognized by the observer as being continuously lit, is increased by using simple control. It can be changed with a degree of freedom. As a result, it is possible to display a better eye-catching effect.

In the examples shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the incident position IP repeatedly enters the second diffraction optical element 40B from the second timing TG2 to the third timing TG3. Then, as shown in FIG. 11, the length along the first direction D1 entering the second diffraction optical element 40B gradually increases. Similarly, during the period from the second timing TG2 to the third timing TG3, the incident position IP repeatedly enters the first diffraction optical element 40A. Then, as shown in FIG. 11, the length along the first direction D1 entering the first diffraction optical element 40A gradually becomes shorter. On the other hand, the angular velocity of the reflection member 32 of the scanning device 31 is constant, and the moving velocity of the incident position IP in the first direction D1 is also kept constant.

According to such an example, the first residence time ST1 in which the light is continuously directed to the first diffractive optical element 40A is gradually shortened, and the light is continuously directed to the second diffractive optical element 40B. The second residence time ST2 gradually becomes longer. Further, the ratio (%) of the first residence time ST1 (seconds) within the fixed time CT (seconds) gradually becomes shorter, and the ratio (%) of the second residence time ST2 (seconds) within the fixed time CT (seconds) becomes. It gets longer and longer. According to this application example, the brightness of the first projection pattern DP1 visually recognized by the observer as being continuously lit during the period from the second timing TG2 to the third timing TG3 is gradually dimmed. At the same time, the brightness of the second projection pattern DP2, which is visually recognized by the observer as being continuously lit, can be gradually increased. Therefore, the illumination by the illumination device 10 can be visually recognized as if it naturally shifts from the first projection pattern DP1 to the second projection pattern DP2. In addition, the changing speed can be adjusted with a high degree of freedom while using simple control. As a result, it is possible to display a better eye-catching effect.

Note that FIG. 13 shows the projection pattern DP observed on the projection surface PP. FIG. 13A is the same as FIG. 5, showing the states from the first timing TG1 to the second timing TG2, and only the first projection pattern DP1 is observed. FIG. 13 (e) is the same as FIG. 8, showing the state between the third timing TG3 and the fourth timing TG4, and only the second projection pattern DP2 is observed. 13 (b), 13 (c) and 13 (d) show the transition from the second timing TG2 to the third timing TG3. In the first half of the period from the second timing TG2 to the third timing TG3, the first projection pattern DP1 is observed brighter than the second projection pattern DP2. At the middle of the period from the second timing TG2 to the third timing TG3, the first projection pattern DP1 and the second projection pattern DP2 are observed with the same brightness. In the latter half of the period from the second timing TG2 to the third timing TG3, the first projection pattern DP1 is observed to be darker than the second projection pattern DP2. That is, the first projection pattern DP1 gradually becomes darker from the second timing TG2 to the third timing TG3, and becomes unobservable after the third timing TG3. The second projection pattern DP2 is not observed before the second timing TG2, is gradually observed brighter from the second timing TG2 to the third timing TG3, and is brightest after the third timing TG3. It will be observed continuously.

That is, according to the second application example described with reference to FIGS. 11 to 13, it is observed that the illumination by the illumination device 10 naturally changes from the first projection pattern DP1 to the second projection pattern DP2. Can be done. In addition, the changing speed can be adjusted with a high degree of freedom while using simple control. As a result, it is possible to display a better eye-catching effect.

In the above description of the second application example, the illumination between the second timing TG2 and the third timing TG3 has been described. Similarly, the illumination described in the second application example can be applied to the illumination between the fourth timing TG4 and the fifth timing TG5, which is a transition from the second projection pattern DP2 to the third projection pattern DP3. ..

Further, in the first application example and the second application example described above, when the projection pattern DP displayed next starts to be observed, one projection pattern DP is not observed while leaving an afterimage. Then, the transition of the plurality of projection patterns DP to be displayed is observed as having a high eye-catching effect. However, this embodiment is also useful for illumination in which a plurality of projection pattern DPs are continuously projected at the same time without switching the projection pattern DPs. That is, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to improve the eye-catching effect when displaying a plurality of projection pattern DPs at the same time. Hereinafter, such an application example will be described as a third application example with reference mainly to FIGS. 14 to 18.

In the third application example shown in FIGS. 14 to 16, the first to third projection patterns DP1 to DP3 shown in FIG. 1 are displayed at the same time. Specifically, the first diffractive optical element 40A, the second diffractive optical element 40B, and the third diffractive optical element 40C are alternately alternated at time intervals shorter than the time resolution of human vision or less than 0.033 seconds. The optical path adjusting device 30 adjusts the optical path of the light from the light source 15 so as to repeatedly direct the light. Therefore, strictly speaking, the lighting device 10 intermittently projects the first projection pattern DP1, the second projection pattern DP2, and the third projection pattern DP3 on the projection surface PP. However, in human vision, the first projection pattern DP1, the second projection pattern DP2, and the third projection pattern DP3 are continuously observed on the projection surface PP.

In particular, in the third application example, the residence time in which the light is continuously directed to the other diffraction optical element 40 is longer than the residence time in which the light is continuously directed to the other diffraction optical element 40. It has become. In other words, a certain amount of time (%) of the time (seconds) in which light is directed to one diffractive optical element 40 within a certain time CT (seconds) shorter than the time resolution or less than 0.033 seconds. The percentage of time in (seconds) that light is directed at other diffractive optics is increasing. That is, the light from the light source 15 is not uniformly supplied to the plurality of diffractive optical elements 40. According to such a third application example, the brightness of a plurality of projection patterns visually recognized by the observer as being continuously lit can be independently controlled with a high degree of freedom. Can be adjusted. As a result, it is possible to display a better eye-catching effect.

FIG. 14 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 4A, and shows the time course of the incident position IP on the optical element OD including the three first to third diffraction optical elements 40A to 40C shown in FIG. .. Further, FIG. 15 is a graph corresponding to FIG. 7A, which shows a change with time of the current value proportional to the output from the light source 15 together with which diffraction optical element 40 the incident position IP is located on. Is.

In the example shown in FIG. 14, the incident position IP instantly changes the position along the first direction D1. Such scanning of the incident position IP can be realized by adopting the vector scanning method in the optical path adjusting device 30. In the example shown in FIG. 14, the second residence time ST2 in the constant time CT (seconds) is longer than the first residence time ST1 and the third residence time ST3. More specifically, the time length of the second residence time ST2 in the fixed time CT (seconds) is twice the time length of the first residence time ST1 and two of the time length of the third residence time ST3. It has doubled. That is, the optical path adjusting device 30 causes the light to enter the second diffraction optical element 40B for 50% of the time in the CT for a certain period of time. Similarly, the optical path adjusting device 30 causes light to enter the first diffraction optical element 40A for 25% of the time in the CT for a certain period of time. Further, the optical path adjusting device 30 causes light to be incident on the third diffraction optical element 40C for 25% of the time in the CT for a certain period of time.

As described above, when the areas of the plurality of projection patterns DP on the projection surface PP are the same and the output from the light source 15 is kept constant, the diffraction optical elements 40 in each diffraction optical element 40 in the CT for a certain period of time. The brightness of the observed projection pattern DP changes according to the residence time of the incident position IP. Therefore, according to the examples shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, as shown in FIG. 16, the second projection pattern DP2 projected by the second diffraction optical element 40B having a long second residence time ST2 of the incident position IP is , It is observed brighter than the first projection pattern DP1 and the third projection pattern DP3. More specifically, the brightness of the second projection pattern DP2 is observed by human vision to be twice the brightness of the first projection pattern DP1 and twice the brightness of the third projection pattern DP3. NS. That is, a plurality of simple optical path adjusting devices 30 can be operated without adjusting the emission of light from the light source 15, the stop of emission of light from the light source 15, and the magnitude of the output from the light source 15. It is possible to adjust the brightness of the projection pattern DP.

On the other hand, in the example shown in FIG. 17, the area of the second projection pattern DP2 on the projection surface PP is twice the area of the first projection pattern DP1 on the projection surface PP, and the third projection pattern DP3 It is twice the area on the projection surface PP. By distributing light to the plurality of diffractive optical elements 40 as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, when the plurality of projection pattern DPs shown in FIG. 17 are projected onto the projection surface PP, the first projection pattern DP1 The second projection pattern DP2 and the third projection pattern DP3 are observed to have the same brightness.

In other words, in this example, the light is directed over a long period of time by the second diffraction optical element 40B that illuminates the projection surface PP with the second projection pattern DP2 having a larger area. That is, the incident position IP of the light stays in the second diffraction optical element 40B for a longer period of time. As a result, the brightness of the projection patterns DP1 and DP3 having different areas and the brightness of the second projection pattern DP2 can be effectively made uniform by using simple control.

Further, when the residence time (seconds) in which the incident position IP is located in the diffractive optical element 40 is changed among the plurality of diffractive optical elements 40, it is effective to change the area of the plurality of diffractive optical elements 40. As an example, when light is distributed to a plurality of diffractive optical elements 40 as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the area of the second diffractive optical element 40B having a longer residence time ST2 is retained as shown in FIG. It is effective to make the time ST1 larger than the area of the first diffractive optical element 40A having a shorter time ST1 and larger than the area of the third diffractive optical element 40C having a shorter residence time ST3.

The optical element OD shown in FIG. 18 has a square shape, particularly a square shape, in a plan view. The second diffraction optical element 40B occupies the lower half of the quadrangular shape of the optical element OD in a plan view divided into upper and lower halves. On the other hand, the first diffractive optical element 40A occupies the upper half of the optical element OD bisected vertically, the right half further bisected left and right, and the third diffractive optical element 40C occupies the left half. is occupying. Then, in the illustrated example, the incident position IP moves on the circumference by using the optical path adjusting device 30 capable of two-dimensional scanning. In this way, when the incident position IP scans on the circumferential orbit, the ratio of the center angle of each diffractive optical element 40 centered on the center of the circumferential orbit is determined by the diffractive optical element 40 in the CT for a certain period of time. It is preferable to determine according to the ratio of the residence time, and it is more preferable to match the ratio of the residence time at the diffractive optical element 40 in the CT for a certain period of time. According to such a setting, a desired residence time in each diffractive optical element 40 is realized by extremely simple control such that the incident position IP of light scans on the optical element OD at a constant angular velocity (θ / sec). can do.

That is, by directing the light to the second diffractive optical element 40B having a larger area for a longer period of time and causing the incident position IP of the light to stay in the second diffractive optical element 40B, the incident position IP of the incident position IP The control of the scanning speed can be simplified, and typically, the control can be greatly simplified by keeping the scanning speed constant. Further, since the area of the second diffraction optical element 40B to which the light is directed for a longer time is larger, the light intensity can be dispersed in the second diffraction optical element 40B, and the second diffraction can be performed. It is possible to improve the laser safety when looking at the optical element 40B.

However, the scanning method shown in FIG. 18 is only an example. As already described with reference to FIG. 4B, the incident position IP may be stopped in any of the diffractive optical elements 40. At this time, the duty ratio of the diffractive optical element 40 is controlled by stopping the entire area of the spot region, which means the region where light is incident at a certain moment, in one diffractive optical element 40 and controlling the stop time thereof. As a result, the brightness of the projection pattern DP corresponding to the diffractive optical element 40 can be adjusted.

Further, as already described with reference to FIG. 4C, the spot region of light may make a periodic motion such as rotation or vibration in any one of the diffractive optical elements 40. According to this example, the intensity of light in the projection pattern DP is weakened in a time-integral manner, and laser safety can be improved. Further, as the incident position IP moves, the incident angle of light on the projection pattern DP changes with time, and the projection pattern DP is uncorrelatedly superimposed on the projection surface PP, which reduces speckle. can.

In the above, one embodiment has been described with reference to the first to third specific application examples. In this embodiment, the lighting device 10 diffracts the light source 15, the optical path adjusting device 30 for adjusting the optical path of the light from the light source 15, and the light from the optical path adjusting device 30, and the first projection pattern DP1 projects. The first diffraction optical element 40A to be projected on the surface PP and the second projection pattern DP2 different from the first projection pattern DP1 by diffracting the light from the optical path adjusting device 30 are projected on the projection surface. It has a second diffraction optical element 40B and the like. Then, the light is repeatedly directed to each of the first diffractive optical element 40A and the second diffractive optical element 40B at a time interval (seconds) shorter than the time resolution of human vision or a time interval (seconds) less than 0.033 seconds. As such, the optical path adjusting device 30 adjusts the optical path. In this embodiment, the illumination method includes a first diffracting optical element 40A that diffracts the incident light so that the first diffracting optical element 40A is projected onto the projection surface PP, and a first diffracting optical element 40A that diffracts the incident light. The projection surface PP is illuminated by using the second diffraction optical element 40B, which is different from the first diffraction optical element 40A, so that the second diffraction optical element 40B is projected onto the projection surface PP. This illumination method is repeated for each of the first diffractive optical element 40A and the second diffractive optical element 40B at a time interval (seconds) shorter than the time resolution of human vision or a time interval (seconds) less than 0.033 seconds. Direct the light.

According to this one embodiment, the light can be distributed to the first diffraction optical element 40A and the second diffraction optical element 40B, and the projection surface PP can be illuminated by both the first projection pattern DP1 and the second projection pattern DP2. can. The first diffractive optical element 40A and the second diffractive optical element 40B are repeatedly directed to light at time intervals (seconds) shorter than the time resolution of human vision, respectively. Therefore, strictly speaking, the first projection pattern DP1 and the second projection pattern DP2 that are repeatedly projected on the projection surface PP are assumed to be continuously projected on the projection surface PP, that is, the first projection pattern DP1 and the second projection pattern DP1 and the second projection pattern DP2. The projection pattern DP2 is visually recognized by the observer as being lit rather than blinking. Brightness of the first projection pattern DP1 and the second projection pattern DP2 observed as continuously lit by devising the distribution of light to the first diffraction optical element 40A and the second diffraction optical element 40B. Can be adjusted with a high degree of freedom. As a result, it is possible to perform a display having a high eye-catching effect.

Further, the control of the distribution of light in the present embodiment is extremely simple as compared with the control of the light source for adjusting the emission of light from the light source 15, the stop of emission, the magnitude of output, and the like. On the other hand, the control of light distribution in the present embodiment can be combined with the control of the light source. If the distribution of light is controlled only by controlling the output of the light source 15, the change in the projection pattern actually projected on the projection surface PP becomes rapid, which is significantly different from the expression that gradually changes using the afterimage. By combining with the control of the light source, dynamic expression with change in acceleration becomes possible. The eye-catching effect in the display of the first projection pattern DP1 and the second projection pattern DP2 can be further effectively enhanced.

The control of light distribution in the present embodiment is realized by a scanning device 31 such as a galvano mirror that enables vector scanning, and while using very simple control to distribute light to each diffractive optical element 40. It can be adjusted with a high degree of freedom.

Although one embodiment has been described with reference to a plurality of specific examples, these specific examples are not intended to limit one embodiment. The above-described embodiment can be implemented in various other specific examples, and various omissions, replacements, changes, additions, and the like can be made without departing from the gist thereof.

Hereinafter, an example of modification will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description and the drawings used in the following description, the same reference numerals as those used for the corresponding parts in the above-mentioned specific examples are used for the parts that can be configured in the same manner as the above-mentioned specific examples, and the same reference numerals are used, and duplicate explanations are given. Is omitted.

In the specific example described above, the lighting device 10 has a plurality of diffractive optical elements 40 and projects a plurality of projection pattern DPs on the projection surface PP. However, the present embodiment has one. It can also be effectively used to enhance the eye-catching effect on the display of the projection pattern DP projected from the diffractive optical element 40.

Specifically, in one embodiment, the lighting device 10 includes a light source 15, a diffractive optical element 40 that diffracts the light from the light source 15 so that the projection pattern DP is projected on the projection surface PP. Has. By directing the light to the diffractive optical element 40 at a time interval (seconds) longer than the time resolution of human vision, it is possible to express the projection pattern DP as if it were blinking. Further, even if the light from the light source 15 is repeatedly and intermittently directed to the diffractive optical element 40 at a time interval (seconds) shorter than the time resolution of human vision or a time interval (seconds) less than 0.033 seconds. good. Further, in one embodiment, the illumination method is an illumination method in which the projection surface PP is illuminated by using a diffraction optical element 40 that diffracts the incident light so that the projection pattern DP is projected on the projection surface PP. Therefore, the light may be repeatedly and intermittently directed to the diffractive optical element 40 at a time interval (seconds) shorter than the time resolution of human vision or a time interval (seconds) less than 0.033 seconds. The effectiveness of such a lighting device 10 and a lighting method simplifies the brightness adjustment of the projection pattern DP to be displayed by the diffracted light in any of the diffractive optical elements 40 in the specific application example described above. It can be understood in that it can be realized with a high degree of freedom while using various controls.

That is, even with such an illuminating device 10 and an illuminating method, the projection surface PP can be illuminated with the projection pattern DP by using the diffracted light of the diffractive optical element 40. At this time, the diffractive optical element 40 is repeatedly directed to light at a time interval (seconds) shorter than the time resolution of human vision or a time interval (seconds) less than 0.033 seconds. Therefore, strictly speaking, the projection pattern repeatedly projected on the projection surface PP is assumed to be continuously projected on the projection surface PP, that is, the projection pattern DP is lit instead of blinking, by the observer. It is visually recognized. Then, by adjusting the supply of light to the diffractive optical element 40, specifically, by adjusting the length of the residence time ST1, the brightness of the projection pattern DP observed as being continuously lit. It can be adjusted with a high degree of freedom while using simple control. As a result, it is possible to display with high eye-catching property.

Further, such control of the light supply period is extremely simple as compared with the control of the light source for adjusting the emission of light from the light source 15, the stop of emission, the magnitude of output, and the like. On the other hand, the control of the light supply period can be combined with the control of the light source 15, and by combining with the control of the light source 15, the eye-catching effect in the display of the projection pattern DP can be effectively enhanced. Can be done.

In such a lighting device 10 and a lighting method, the optical element OD shown in FIG. 19 can be used. The optical element OD includes a first diffraction optical element 40A and a dummy portion 40X. The first diffraction optical element 40A and the dummy portion 40X are arranged in the first direction D1. The light from the light source 15 can be distributed to the first diffraction optical element 40A and the dummy portion 40X by the scanning device 31 including the reflecting member 32 that can be rotated by the rotation axis 33 parallel to the second direction D2. The first diffraction optical element 40A diffracts the incident light and projects the first projection pattern DP1 on the projection surface PP. The dummy portion 40X has a function of shielding incident light, for example, a function of absorbing the incident light.

Using the lighting device 10 shown in FIG. 19, as an example, light can be distributed between the first diffraction optical element 40A and the dummy portion 40X as shown in FIG. Here, FIG. 20 is a graph corresponding to FIGS. 7A and 15, in which light is transmitted to either the first diffraction optical element 40A or the dummy portion 40X by changing the current value proportional to the output from the light source 15 with time. It is a graph showing whether it is incident or not.

In the example shown in FIG. 20, the time during which the light from the light source 15 is continuously directed to the first diffraction optical element 40A is changed. Then, the ratio (%) of the residence time ST (seconds) in which the light is directed to the first diffraction optical element 40A within a fixed time CT (seconds) shorter than the time resolution or less than 0.033 seconds changes. There is. According to this example, the brightness of the first projection pattern DP1 visually recognized by the observer as being continuously lit can be changed with a high degree of freedom while using simple control. As a result, it is possible to display a better eye-catching effect.

Further, in the example shown in FIG. 20, the time during which the light from the light source 15 is continuously directed to the first diffraction optical element 40A becomes longer and longer. Further, the ratio (%) of the residence time ST (seconds) in which the light is directed to the first diffraction optical element 40A within a fixed time CT (seconds) shorter than the time resolution or less than 0.033 seconds gradually increases. ing. According to this specific example, the brightness of the first projection pattern DP1 visually recognized by the observer as being continuously lit can be gradually increased. Therefore, the illumination by the lighting device 10 can be visually recognized as if the brightness of the first projection pattern DP1 changes naturally, and the changing speed can be controlled with a high degree of freedom using simple control. Can be adjusted. As a result, it is possible to display a better eye-catching effect.

In the example shown in FIG. 20, the first projection pattern DP1 in the hidden state gradually becomes brighter, but on the contrary, the first projection pattern DP1 in the displayed state gradually becomes brighter. It may be darkened and hidden.

Further, the dummy portion 40X for shielding the light directed by the optical path adjusting device 30 is not limited to the lighting device 10 shown in FIG. 19, but is included in the optical element OD of the other lighting device 10. You may. By including the dummy portion 40X, the degree of freedom of light distribution is further increased by the optical path adjusting device 30.

In the above-mentioned example, the projection pattern DP is used as a fish, but the present invention is not limited to this example. Further, when a plurality of projection pattern DPs are projected onto the projection surface PP by the diffracted light of the plurality of diffracting optical elements 40, the plurality of projection pattern DPs have a projected position, contour shape, and size on the projection surface PP. , And any one or more of the orientations may be different, and it is more preferable if any one or more of the other orientations are the same. Thereby, the display excellent in the eye-catching effect by the lighting device 10 can be suitably used, and the information display function can be made excellent.

For example, the lighting device 10 may project the first to fourth projection patterns DP1 to DP4 shown in FIG. 21 onto the projection surface PP. The first to fourth projection patterns DP1 to DP4 are different from each other in all of the positions, contour shapes, and sizes on the projection surface PP. In the example shown in FIG. 21, the first projection pattern DP1 is a square. The second projection pattern DP2 to the fourth projection pattern DP4 each have an L-shape, a polygonal line shape, or an angle shape extending along the two sides of the square formed by the first projection pattern DP1, and the first in this order. It moves away from the projection pattern DP1. By displaying the first projection pattern DP1 to the fourth projection pattern DP4 shown in FIG. 21 in order while leaving an afterimage, the direction ARX indicated by the arrow in FIG. 21 can be displayed.

As another example, the lighting device 10 may project the first to fourth projection patterns DP1 to DP4 shown in FIGS. 22 and 23 onto the projection surface PP. In the examples shown in FIGS. 22 and 23, the first to fourth projection patterns DP1 to DP4 have a shape corresponding to the head of an arrow, and the directions ARY and are shown by the arrows in the drawings, respectively. ARZ can be displayed. The first to fourth projection patterns DP1 to DP4 have the same contour shape and different sizes from each other. By projecting the first to fourth projection patterns DP1 to DP4 on the projection surface PP in this order, the observer can observe that the display object gradually becomes larger. On the contrary, by projecting the fourth to first projection patterns DP4 to DP1 on the projection surface PP in this order, the observer can observe that the display object gradually becomes smaller. By observing such a transition of the projection pattern DP while leaving an afterimage as described above, it is possible to make the change of the projection pattern DP more noticeably sensed.

In particular, in the examples shown in FIGS. 22 and 23, the region on which the second projection pattern DP2 is projected on the projection surface PP includes the region on which the first projection pattern DP1 is projected on the projection surface PP. There is. Further, the region on which the third projection pattern DP3 is projected on the projection surface PP includes the region on which the second projection pattern DP2 is projected on the projection surface PP. Further, the region on which the fourth projection pattern DP4 is projected on the projection surface PP includes the region on which the third projection pattern DP3 is projected on the projection surface PP. According to this specific example, by preferably using the display excellent in the eye-catching effect by the lighting device 10, it is possible to display information such as direction and size while demonstrating excellent transmission ability.

As another example, the lighting device 10 may project the first to fourth projection patterns DP1 to DP4 shown in FIGS. 24 (a) to 24 (d) on the projection surface PP, respectively. In the examples shown in FIGS. 24 (a) to 24 (d), the first to fourth projection patterns DP1 to DP4 are fish as in the examples shown in FIGS. 4A to 10. The first to fourth projection patterns DP1 to DP4 are the same as each other in the projected position, contour shape and size, and are different from each other in the orientation. According to this example, since it is possible to recognize that the illumination pattern is rotating without moving the line of sight of the observer, it is possible to operate by preferably using the display excellent in the eye-catching effect by the illumination device 10. The function of displaying information about is excellent.

As yet another example, the lighting device 10 may project the first to fifth projection patterns DP1 to DP5 shown in FIG. 25 onto the projection surface PP. In the example shown in FIG. 25, the first to fifth projection patterns DP1 to DP5 aggregate to have the contour shape of one arrow. That is, information regarding one direction can be shown by displaying the entire first to fifth projection patterns DP1 to DP5 at the same time. Further, by displaying the first to fifth projection patterns DP1 to DP5 in this order, the direction can be displayed while exhibiting an excellent eye-catching effect. According to an example in which a plurality of projection pattern DPs are aggregated to display one piece of information, it can be expected that the observer spends more time watching the dynamic expression of the projection pattern, and the lighting device 10 has an excellent eye-catching effect. By preferably using the display, the information display function can be improved.

As yet another example, the lighting device 10 may project the first to sixth projection patterns DP1 to DP6 shown in FIG. 26 onto the projection surface PP. Further, in the example shown in FIG. 26, the 0th-order light from any of the diffractive optical elements 40 is projected onto the projection surface PP, and the image 90X of the 0th-order light projected on the projection surface PP is displayed. You may. In the example shown in FIG. 26, one piece of information is displayed by the set of the first to sixth projection patterns DP1 to DP6 and the image 90X of the 0th order light. In the example shown in FIG. 26, the stars forming the Big Dipper and the North Star will be displayed on the projection plane PP. In this example, the first to sixth projection patterns DP1 to DP6 do not necessarily have the same brightness, and even if the radiance of the third projection pattern DP3, which is a third magnitude star, is designed to be lower than the other projection patterns. good.

In the example shown in FIGS. 21 to 24, the lighting device 10 has first to fourth diffraction optical elements 40A to 40D corresponding to each of the first to fourth projection patterns DP1 to DP4. .. As an example, the lighting device 10 can use an optical element OD including the first to fourth diffraction optical elements 40A to 40D shown in FIGS. 27 to 29. The optical element ODs shown in FIGS. 27 to 29 have first to fourth diffractive optical elements 40A to 40D in an arrangement in which a quadrangle is bisected vertically and bisected horizontally. The first to fourth diffraction optical elements 40A to 40D are arranged in order clockwise.

In the example shown in FIG. 27, the optical path adjusting device 30 capable of two-dimensional scanning allows the incident position IP to move on the circumference, for example, at a constant angular velocity. Alternatively, it may be stopped at a specific position, or may be moved or vibrated around a certain stop position within a range in which the incident spot does not cover other diffractive optical elements, for example, on a circumferential orbit. On the other hand, in the example shown in FIG. 28, the optical path adjusting device 30 instantaneously sets the incident position IP between two arbitrarily selected from the first to fourth diffraction optical elements 40A to 40D by the vector scan method. Can be moved to. As an example, FIG. 14 described above shows the position change of the incident position IP by the vector scan method. Further, in the example shown in FIG. 29, the incident position IP rotates on the circumference inside one diffractive optical element 40 so that it can stay in each diffractive optical element 40 for a long time. The movement of the incident position IP between two different diffractive optical elements 40 may follow a linear scanning path as shown in the figure, or a vector scanning method may be adopted.

When the vector scan method is adopted, a plurality of diffractive optical elements 40 can be arranged in one direction in the same manner as the optical element OD shown in FIG. According to the vector scan method, the incident position IP can be moved in a short time between two non-adjacent diffractive optical elements 40, and two projection pattern DPs projected by these two diffractive optical elements 40 can be simultaneously moved. It is also possible to make it observable by human vision.

In the example shown in FIG. 25, the optical element OD of the lighting device 10 has first to fifth diffraction optical elements corresponding to each of the first to fifth projection patterns DP1 to DP5. Similarly, the optical element OD of the lighting device 10 shown in FIG. 26 will have first to sixth diffractive optical elements corresponding to each of the first to sixth projection patterns DP1 to DP6. Also in these examples, the optical element OD can be configured by arranging a plurality of diffractive optical elements 40 on the circumference. Further, when the vector scan method is adopted, a plurality of diffractive optical elements 40 may be arranged close to each other. In particular, if the diffractive optical elements corresponding to the adjacent projection patterns are arranged so as to be adjacent to each other, scan control becomes easy.

Further, in the above-described example, an example in which the illuminating device 10 has only a light source 15 that emits light in a single wavelength range has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this example. The illuminating device 10 may have two or more light sources 15 that emit light in different wavelength ranges from each other. In this example, the illuminating device 10 may have an optical element OD including one or more diffractive optical elements 40 corresponding to each of the two or more light sources 15. Light emitted from different light sources 15 may be diffracted by the diffractive optical element 40 of the corresponding optical element OD, and the respective projection pattern DPs may be superimposed and projected on at least a partially overlapping region on the projection surface PP. .. Preferably, the light emitted from the different light sources 15 is diffracted by the diffractive optical element 40 of the corresponding optical element OD, and each projection pattern DP is projected only over the entire area of the same region on the projection surface PP. At this time, the tint of the projection pattern DP observed on the projection surface PP is determined by the additive color mixing of the light from the plurality of light sources 15.

As an example, the light source 15 of the lighting device 10 shown in FIGS. 30 and 31 has a first light source 15A, a second light source 15B, and a third light source 15C. The first light source 15A, the second light source 15B, and the third light source 15C emit light in wavelength ranges different from each other. In the illustrated example, the first light source 15A, the second light source 15B, and the third light source 15C emit red light, green light, and blue light, respectively. The optical element OD includes a first diffraction optical element 40AR and a second diffraction optical element 40BR that diffract the light from the first light source 15A, and a third diffraction optical element 40AG and a fourth diffraction that diffract the light from the second light source 15B. It has an optical element 40BG, a fifth diffraction optical element 40AB and a sixth diffraction optical element 40BB that diffract the light from the third light source 15C. The optical path adjusting device 30 has a scanning device 31 in which the orientation of the reflecting member 32 can be changed. One scanning device 31 adjusts the optical path of the light from the first light source 15A, the second light source 15B, and the third light source 15C.

The light from the first light source 15A is directed to the first diffractive optical element 40AR and the light from the second light source 15A is directed to the third diffractive optical element 40AG by the first-oriented reflecting member 32 shown in FIG. Then, the light from the third light source 15A is directed to the fifth diffraction optical element 40AB. The light from the first light source 15A diffracted by the first diffraction optical element 40AR is projected on the projection surface PP by the first projection pattern DP1. The light from the second light source 15B diffracted by the third diffracting optical element 40AG is projected on the projection surface PP by the first projection pattern DP1. The light from the third light source 15C diffracted by the fifth diffraction optical element 40AB is projected on the projection surface PP by the first projection pattern DP1. That is, the first projection pattern DP1 is displayed as a superposition of light from the first light source 15A, light from the second light source 15B, and light from the third light source 15C. In the illustrated example, the first projection pattern DP1 can be displayed in white as a superposition of red light, green light and blue light.

The light from the first light source 15A is directed to the second diffractive optical element 40BR and the light from the second light source 15A is directed to the fourth diffractive optical element 40BG by the reflecting member 32 in the second direction shown in FIG. Then, the light from the third light source 15A is directed to the sixth diffraction optical element 40BB. The light from the first light source 15A diffracted by the second diffraction optical element 40AR is projected on the projection surface PP by the second projection pattern DP2. The light from the second light source 15B diffracted by the fourth diffraction optical element 40AG is projected on the projection surface PP by the second projection pattern DP2. The light from the third light source 15C diffracted by the sixth diffracting optical element 40AB is projected on the projection surface PP by the second projection pattern DP2. That is, the second projection pattern DP2 is displayed as a superposition of the light from the first light source 15A, the light from the second light source 15B, and the light from the third light source 15C. In the illustrated example, the second projection pattern DP2 can be displayed in white as a superposition of red light, green light and blue light.

When the orientation of the reflecting member 32 is periodically swung at high speed between the first orientation shown in FIG. 30 and the second orientation shown in FIG. 31, the light from the first light source 15A is emitted. The light from the second light source 15B is repeatedly directed to the third diffractive optical element 40AG and the fourth diffractive optical element 40BG, and is repeatedly directed to the first diffractive optical element 40AR and the second diffractive optical element 40BR. The light is repeatedly directed to the fifth diffractive optical element 40AB and the sixth diffractive optical element 40BB. The first projection pattern is set so that the time interval in which the light from each of the light sources 15A, 15B, and 15C is repeatedly directed to the two diffractive optical elements is shorter than the time resolution of human vision or less than 0.033 seconds. Both DP1 and the second projection pattern DP2 can be continuously observed on the projection plane PP.

Further, FIG. 32 shows another illuminating device 10. In the lighting device 10 shown in FIG. 32, as in the example shown in FIGS. 30 and 31, the light source 15 emits light in different wavelength ranges from the first light source 15A, the second light source 15B, and the second light source. Includes 3 light sources 15C. However, in the example shown in FIG. 32, the light emitted from the first light source 15A, the second light source 15B, and the third light source 15C is combined by the mirror M1 and the half mirrors M2 and M3, and the optical path is along one optical path. It is incident on the adjusting device 30. The optical path adjusting device 30 includes, for example, a scanning device 31 including a reflecting member 32 that can swing in two axes. The optical element OD is configured in the same manner as the examples shown in FIGS. 30 and 31. In the example shown in FIG. 32, the optical path adjusting device 30 uses a vector scan method to display the first diffraction optical element 40AR, the third diffraction optical element 40AG, the fifth diffraction optical element 40AB, the second diffraction optical element 40BR, and the fourth diffraction optical element. The light is repeatedly directed in the order of the diffractive optical element 40BG and the sixth diffractive optical element 40BB.

Here, FIG. 33 shows the magnitude of the output from each of the light sources 15A, 15B, and 15C, for example, the time change of the magnitude of the current, and which diffracting optical element 40 receives the light from each light source. It is a graph which shows whether it is incident on. The first light source 15A is used only during a period of time in which light is incident on the first diffractive optical element 40AR and the second diffractive optical element 40BR during a fixed time CT shorter than the time resolution of human vision or less than 0.033 seconds. It emits light. In particular, the optical path adjusting device 30 is such that the light path adjusting device 30 repeatedly directs light to each of the first diffractive optical element 40AR and the second diffractive optical element 40BR at a time interval shorter than the time resolution of human vision or less than 0.033 seconds. 1 The optical path of light from the light source 15A is adjusted. Thereby, it can be observed that both the first projection pattern DP1 and the second projection pattern DP2 are continuously displayed on the projection surface PP by the light emitted from the first light source 15A, for example, red light.

The second light source 15B is used only during a period of time in which light is incident on the third diffractive optical element 40AG and the fourth diffractive optical element 40BG during a fixed time CT shorter than the time resolution of human vision or less than 0.033 seconds. It emits light. In particular, the optical path adjusting device 30 is such that the light path adjusting device 30 repeatedly directs light to each of the third diffractive optical element 40AG and the fourth diffractive optical element 40BG at a time interval shorter than the time resolution of human vision or less than 0.033 seconds. 1 The optical path of light from the light source 15A is adjusted. Thereby, it can be observed that both the first projection pattern DP1 and the second projection pattern DP2 are continuously displayed on the projection surface PP by the light emitted from the second light source 15B, for example, green light.

The third light source 15C is used only during a period of time in which light is incident on the fifth diffractive optical element 40AB and the sixth diffractive optical element 40BB during a fixed time CT shorter than the time resolution of human vision or less than 0.033 seconds. It emits light. In particular, the optical path adjusting device 30 is such that the light path adjusting device 30 repeatedly directs light to each of the fifth diffractive optical element 40AB and the sixth diffractive optical element 40BB at a time interval shorter than the time resolution of human vision or less than 0.033 seconds. The optical path of the light from the three light sources 15C is adjusted. Thereby, it can be observed that both the first projection pattern DP1 and the second projection pattern DP2 are continuously displayed on the projection surface PP by the light emitted from the third light source 15C, for example, blue light.

By controlling the light sources 15A, 15B, and 15C as shown in FIG. 33, the first projection pattern DP1 can be obtained from the light from the first light source 15A, the light from the second light source 15B, and the light from the third light source 15C. It can be observed continuously as a superposition. In the illustrated example, the first projection pattern DP1 can be observed in white as a superposition of red, green and blue light. Similarly, the second projection pattern DP2 can be continuously observed as a superposition of light from the first light source 15A, light from the second light source 15B, and light from the third light source 15C. In the illustrated example, the second projection pattern DP2 can be observed in white as a superposition of red, green and blue light.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the brightness of the projection pattern DP observed by humans can be adjusted by controlling the distribution of light to the diffractive optical element 40 separately from the control of the light source. can. Then, by separately adjusting the brightness of each of the two or more projection pattern DPs displayed by the light of different wavelength ranges emitted from the two or more light sources 15, the projection pattern observed on the projection surface PP. The tint of DP can be controlled.

For example, in the examples shown in FIGS. 30 and 31, the colors of the first projection pattern DP1 and the second projection pattern DP2 displayed on the projection surface PP by adjusting the outputs from the respective light sources 15A, 15B, and 15C. The taste can be adjusted. Light sources 15A, 15B only at the timing when light is incident on the first diffractive optical element 40AR, the third diffractive optical element 40AG, and the fifth diffractive optical element 40AB by the optical path adjusting device 30, that is, only in the state shown in FIG. By adjusting the output from, 15C, the tint of the first projection pattern DP1 can be adjusted. On the contrary, each light source is only at the timing when the light is incident on the second diffraction optical element 40BR, the fourth diffraction optical element 40BG and the sixth diffraction optical element 40BB by the optical path adjusting device 30, that is, only in the state shown in FIG. By adjusting the outputs from 15A, 15B, and 15C, the tint of the second projection pattern DP2 can be adjusted. Further, also in the examples shown in FIGS. 32 and 33, the colors of the first projection pattern DP1 and the second projection pattern DP2 are made independent by adjusting the output of light from each of the light sources 15A, 15B, and 15C. Can be adjusted.

Although some modifications to the above-described embodiments have been described above, it is naturally possible to apply a plurality of modifications in combination as appropriate.

D1 1st direction D2 2nd direction D3 3rd direction IP Incident position OD Optical element PP Projection surface DP Projection pattern CT Constant time ST Stay time 10 Lighting device 12 Control device 15 Light source 20 Orthopedic optical system 21 Lens 30 Optical path adjustment device 31 Scanning Device 32 Reflective member 33 Rotating axis 40 Diffractive optical element 40X Dummy part

Claims (42)

Light source and
An optical path adjusting device that adjusts the optical path of light from the light source,
A first diffracting optical element that diffracts the light from the optical path adjusting device so that the first projection pattern is projected on the projection surface.
A second diffracting optical element that diffracts the light from the optical path adjusting device so that a second projection pattern different from the first projection pattern is projected onto the projection surface is provided.
The optical path adjuster directs the optical path to each of the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element at a time interval shorter than the time resolution of human vision or less than 0.033 seconds. A lighting device to adjust. The ratio (%) of the time (seconds) at which the light is directed to the first diffraction optical element changes within a fixed time (seconds) shorter than the time resolution or less than 0.033 seconds, and the fixed time (s). The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the optical path adjusting device adjusts the optical path so that the ratio (%) of the time (seconds) at which the light is directed to the second diffraction optical element changes within seconds). .. The optical path adjusting device has the optical path so that the time during which the light is continuously directed to the first diffractive optical element changes and the time during which the light is continuously directed to the second diffractive optical element changes. The lighting device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lighting device is adjusted. The ratio (%) of the time (seconds) at which the light is directed to the first diffraction optical element within a fixed time (seconds) shorter than the time resolution or less than 0.033 seconds gradually becomes shorter, and the fixed time 15. The lighting device according to any one item. The optical path adjusting device is used so that the time during which the light is continuously directed to the first diffractive optical element is gradually shortened and the time during which the light is continuously directed to the second diffractive optical element is gradually lengthened. The lighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which adjusts the optical path. A stage in which light is directed only to the first diffractive optical element of the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element, and
A stage in which light is repeatedly directed to each of the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element at the time interval, and
A stage in which light is directed only to the second diffractive optical element of the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element, and
The lighting device according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the optical path adjusting device adjusts the optical path so that the above-mentioned is performed in this order. A third diffraction that diffracts the light whose optical path is adjusted by the optical path adjusting device so that a third projection pattern different from both the first projection pattern and the second projection pattern is projected on the projection surface. Further equipped with optical elements
The optical path adjusting device is
A stage in which light is directed only to the first diffractive optical element of the first diffractive optical element, the second diffractive optical element, and the third diffractive optical element.
A step in which light is repeatedly directed only to the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element of the first diffractive optical element, the second diffractive optical element, and the third diffractive optical element at the time interval. When,
A stage in which light is directed only to the second diffractive optical element of the first diffractive optical element, the second diffractive optical element, and the third diffractive optical element.
The second diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element of the first diffractive optical element, the second diffractive optical element, and the third diffractive optical element at a time interval shorter than the time resolution or less than 0.033 seconds. At the stage where light is repeatedly directed only to the three-diffraction optical element,
A stage in which light is directed only to the third diffractive optical element of the first diffractive optical element, the second diffractive optical element, and the third diffractive optical element.
The lighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the optical path is adjusted so that the above-mentioned optical paths are performed in this order. The seventh aspect of claim 7, wherein the first projection pattern, the second projection pattern, and the third projection pattern have the same contour shape, and the size increases or decreases in this order. Lighting device. The region on which the second projection pattern is projected on the projection plane includes the region on which the first projection pattern is projected on the projection plane, and the third projection pattern on the projection plane is projected. The region includes a region on the projection plane on which the second projection pattern is projected, or
The region on which the second projection pattern is projected on the projection plane includes the region on which the third projection pattern is projected on the projection plane, and the first projection pattern on the projection plane is projected. The illumination device according to claim 8, wherein the region includes a region on the projection surface on which the second projection pattern is projected. The constant time (seconds) is greater than the percentage (%) of the time (seconds) at which the light is directed at the first diffraction optical element within a fixed time (seconds) shorter than the time resolution or less than 0.033 seconds. ), The optical path adjusting device adjusts the optical path so that the ratio (%) of the time (seconds) at which the light is directed to the second diffraction optical element is increased, according to any one of claims 1 to 9. The lighting device according to paragraph 1. The optical path adjusting device is used so that the time during which the light is continuously directed at the second diffractive optical element is longer than the time during which the light is continuously directed at the first diffractive optical element. The lighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 10. The lighting device according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the area of the second projection pattern is larger than the area of the first projection pattern. The lighting device according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the area of the second diffractive optical element is larger than the area of the first diffractive optical element. Light source and
A diffractive optical element that diffracts the light from the light source so that the projection pattern is projected onto the projection surface.
An illuminator in which light from the light source is repeatedly directed at the diffractive optics at intervals shorter than the time resolution of human vision or less than 0.033 seconds. The 14th aspect of claim 14, wherein the ratio (%) of the time (seconds) at which the light is directed to the diffractive optical element changes within a fixed time (seconds) shorter than the time resolution or less than 0.033 seconds. Lighting device. The illuminating device according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the time during which the light from the light source is continuously directed to the diffractive optical element changes. A claim that the percentage (%) of the time (seconds) at which light is directed at the diffractive optical element within a fixed time (seconds) shorter than the time resolution or less than 0.033 seconds gradually increases or decreases. Item 2. The lighting device according to any one of Items 14 to 16. The lighting apparatus according to any one of claims 14 to 17, wherein the time during which the light from the light source is continuously directed to the diffractive optical element becomes gradually longer or shorter. Light source and
An optical path adjusting device that adjusts the optical path of light from the light source,
A first diffracting optical element that diffracts the light from the optical path adjusting device so that the first projection pattern is projected on the projection surface.
A second diffracting optical element that diffracts the light from the optical path adjusting device so that a second projection pattern different from the first projection pattern is projected onto the projection surface is provided.
The optical path adjusting device is
A stage in which light is directed only to the first diffractive optical element of the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element, and
A stage in which light is repeatedly directed to each of the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element, and
A stage in which light is directed only to the second diffractive optical element of the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element, and
A lighting device that adjusts the optical path so that At least one of the stage where the light is directed only to the first diffractive optical element and the stage where the light is directed only to the second diffractive optical element, the incident position of the light on the diffractive optical element to which the light is directed is the diffraction. The lighting device according to claim 6 or 19, which is at least temporarily stopped in the optical element. At least one of the stage where the light is directed only to the first diffractive optical element and the stage where the light is directed only to the second diffractive optical element, the incident position of the light on the first diffractive optical element is directed by the light. The lighting apparatus according to claim 6 or 19, wherein the diffractive optical element moves periodically at least temporarily. When changing the projection pattern projected on the projection surface from the first projection pattern to the second projection pattern, both the first projection pattern and the second projection pattern are continuously observed on the projection surface. A projection device that projects the first projection pattern and the second projection pattern onto the projection surface. The first diffraction optical element that diffracts the incident light so that the first projection pattern is projected on the projection surface, and the second projection pattern that diffracts the incident light and is different from the first projection pattern are the projection surface. A lighting method for illuminating the projection surface using a second diffractive optical element that is projected onto the projection surface.
An illumination method comprising a step of repeatedly directing light to each of the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element at a time interval shorter than the time resolution of human vision or less than 0.033 seconds. The ratio (%) of the time (seconds) at which the light is directed to the first diffraction optical element changes within a fixed time (seconds) shorter than the time resolution or less than 0.033 seconds, and the fixed time (s). 23. The illumination method according to claim 23, wherein the ratio (%) of the time (seconds) at which the light is directed to the second diffractive optical element changes within seconds). 23. Lighting method. The ratio (%) of the time (seconds) at which the light is directed to the first diffraction optical element within a fixed time (seconds) shorter than the time resolution or less than 0.033 seconds gradually becomes shorter, and the fixed time The illumination method according to any one of claims 23 to 25, wherein the ratio (%) of the time (seconds) at which the light is directed to the second diffractive optical element within (seconds) gradually increases. 23 to 26. The lighting method according to any one item. A step of directing light only to the first diffractive optical element of the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element and illuminating the projection surface with the first projection pattern.
The step of repeatedly directing light to each of the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element at the time interval, and
A step of directing light only to the second diffractive optical element of the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element and illuminating the projection surface with the second projection pattern.
26 or 27. The lighting method according to claim 26 or 27. An illumination method that further uses a third diffractive optical element that diffracts incident light so that a third projection pattern different from both the first projection pattern and the second projection pattern is projected onto the projection surface. hand,
A step in which light is directed only to the first diffractive optical element of the first diffractive optical element, the second diffractive optical element, and the third diffractive optical element.
At the time interval, the light is repeatedly directed only to the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element of the first diffractive optical element, the second diffractive optical element, and the third diffractive optical element. Process and
A step in which light is directed only to the second diffractive optical element of the first diffractive optical element, the second diffractive optical element, and the third diffractive optical element.
The second diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element of the first diffractive optical element, the second diffractive optical element, and the third diffractive optical element at a time interval shorter than the time resolution or less than 0.033 seconds. A process in which light is repeatedly directed only to the three-diffraction optical element,
A step in which light is directed only to the third diffractive optical element of the first diffractive optical element, the second diffractive optical element, and the third diffractive optical element.
The lighting method according to any one of claims 23 to 28, wherein the lighting method is provided in this order. 29. The first projection pattern, the second projection pattern, and the third projection pattern have the same contour shape, and the size increases or decreases in this order, according to claim 29. Lighting method. The region on which the second projection pattern is projected on the projection plane includes the region on which the first projection pattern is projected on the projection plane, and the third projection pattern on the projection plane is projected. The region includes a region on the projection plane on which the second projection pattern is projected, or
The region on which the second projection pattern is projected on the projection plane includes the region on which the third projection pattern is projected on the projection plane, and the first projection pattern on the projection plane is projected. 30. The illumination method according to claim 30, wherein the region includes a region on the projection surface on which the second projection pattern is projected. The constant time (seconds) is greater than the percentage (%) of the time (seconds) at which the light is directed at the first diffraction optical element within a fixed time (seconds) shorter than the time resolution or less than 0.033 seconds. ), The illumination method according to any one of claims 23 to 31, wherein the ratio (%) of the time (seconds) at which the light is directed to the second diffraction optical element is large. Any of claims 23 to 32, wherein the time during which the light is continuously directed at the second diffractive optical element is longer than the time during which the light is continuously directed at the first diffractive optical element. The lighting method described in item 1. An illumination method for illuminating the projection surface using a diffractive optical element that diffracts incident light so that a projection pattern is projected onto the projection surface.
An illumination method in which light is repeatedly directed at the diffractive optics at time intervals shorter than the time resolution of human vision or less than 0.033 seconds. 34. The 34. Lighting method. The illumination method according to claim 33 or 34, wherein the time during which the light is continuously directed to the diffractive optical element changes. A claim that the percentage (%) of the time (seconds) at which light is directed at the diffractive optical element within a fixed time (seconds) shorter than the time resolution or less than 0.033 seconds gradually increases or decreases. Item 3. The illumination method according to any one of Items 34 to 36. The illumination method according to any one of claims 34 to 37, wherein the time during which the light is continuously directed to the diffractive optical element becomes gradually longer or shorter. The first diffraction optical element that diffracts the incident light so that the first projection pattern is projected on the projection surface, and the second projection pattern that diffracts the incident light and is different from the first projection pattern are the projection surface. A lighting method for illuminating the projection surface using a second diffractive optical element that is projected onto the projection surface.
A step of directing light only to the first diffractive optical element of the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element and illuminating the projection surface with the first projection pattern.
A step of repeatedly directing light to each of the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element, and
Illumination comprising, in this order, a step of directing light only to the second diffractive optical element of the first diffractive optical element and the second diffractive optical element and illuminating the projection surface with the second projection pattern. Method. In at least one of the steps in which the light is directed only to the first diffractive optical element and the step in which the light is directed only to the second diffractive optical element, the incident position of the light on the diffractive optical element to which the light is directed is the diffraction. 28 or 39. The illumination method according to claim 28 or 39, which is at least temporarily stopped in the optical element. In the step in which the light is directed only to the first diffractive optical element and the step in which the light is directed only to the second diffractive optical element, the incident position of the light on the diffractive optical element to which the light is directed is determined in the diffractive optical element. 28 or 39. The illumination method according to claim 28 or 39, wherein the illumination method periodically moves at least temporarily. A process of projecting only the first projection pattern of the first projection pattern and the second projection pattern on the projection surface, and
A step of projecting the first projection pattern and the second projection pattern onto the projection surface so that both the first projection pattern and the second projection pattern are continuously observed on the projection surface.
An illumination method comprising, in this order, a step of projecting only the second projection pattern of the first projection pattern and the second projection pattern on the projection surface.

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