JP2021173507A - Heat treatment device for carbonaceous grain - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a heat treatment device for carbonaceous grains capable of uniformly cooling heat-treated carbonaceous grains without reducing exhaust quantity per unit time.SOLUTION: A heat treatment device for carbonaceous grains performs heat treatment to carbonaceous grains A charged to the inside of a furnace body 21, and comprises a cooling part 30 provided at the lower part of the furnace body 21 and cooling the carbonaceous grains A heat-treated at the inside of the furnace body 21. The cooling part 30 comprises a cylindrical cooling jacket 31 cooling the carbonaceous grains A lowering the inside and a bottom board 323 provided at the lower part of the cooling jacket 31 and supporting the carbonaceous grains A. The inside of the bottom board 323 is provided with a circulation path of cooling water.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

The present invention relates to a heat treatment apparatus for carbonaceous granules.

Since the physical characteristics of carbonaceous granules such as smokeless coal granules, coke granules, carbonaceous granules, and mixed granules of metal oxide and carbon change significantly depending on the heat treatment temperature, raw materials for electrodes and carbonic refractories. , When used as an electronic material or a battery material, uniform heat treatment is required. Further, even when a mixture of a metal oxide and carbon is reduced by heat treatment to obtain carbides of various metals, it is indispensable to heat-treat uniformly in order to ensure the desired reaction.

The heat treatment of such carbonaceous plastids is performed at a relatively high temperature. In particular, when carbonaceous granules such as anthracite granules are put into a vertical electroheat treatment furnace and the carbonaceous granules are directly energized, the heat treatment temperature is as high as 1500 ° C. to 2000 ° C. Further, Cited Document 1 discloses a method of uniformly graphitizing at about 3000 ° C.

The carbonaceous granules heat-treated at such a high temperature need to be uniformly cooled before being discharged to the outside of the furnace. That is, the carbonaceous granules need to be uniformly cooled as well as heat-treated. Therefore, Cited Document 2 discloses a method in which carbonaceous particles are intermittently discharged so as to flow down in a mass flow state, and the carbonic particles passing through the inside of the cylindrical cooling portion are uniformly cooled.

JP-A-2002-167208 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2001-26413

However, when the heat treatment apparatus becomes a scale for industrial production, the cooling unit also becomes large, and there is a possibility that the carbonaceous particles cannot be cooled uniformly. Specifically, when the inner diameter of the cylindrical cooling portion is increased, the one descending in the central portion is not sufficiently cooled as compared with the carbonaceous granules descending near the inner wall, and the degree of cooling is uneven. May occur. Further, if the carbonaceous granules are discharged from the heat treatment apparatus without being sufficiently cooled, they are oxidized when they come into contact with the outside air, which deteriorates the characteristics and yield of the heat-treated product obtained by heat-treating the carbonaceous granules. There is a risk.

In this way, when carbonaceous particles that have not been sufficiently cooled pass through the cylindrical cooling portion, the discharge portion and valve portion provided below the cooling portion are subjected to thermal deformation and heat due to the influence of the heat. The expansion causes distortion and competition between adjacent mechanisms, which not only prevents them from exerting their original abilities, but also causes cracks and destruction in the worst case. In addition, there are problems with mechanical parts such as discharge parts and valve parts and electronic parts that control them. This creates a vicious cycle of inadequate control of emissions, which in turn results in inadequate cooling, and in the worst case, these mechanical parts may fail, leading to the shutdown of heat treatment equipment. be.

On the other hand, even in the prior art, a solution of reducing the amount of emissions per unit time can be considered in order to sufficiently cool the carbonaceous granules. However, since a decrease in emissions is nothing but a decrease in production, it has been difficult to adopt such means in a large-scale heat treatment apparatus for industrial production as described above.

An object of the present invention is to provide a heat treatment apparatus for carbonaceous plastids capable of uniformly cooling the heat-treated carbonaceous particles without reducing the amount of emissions per unit time in order to solve the above problems. And.

The heat treatment apparatus for carbonaceous granules of the present invention has the following configuration.
(1) This is a heat treatment apparatus for carbonaceous particles that heat-treats the carbonaceous particles put into the furnace body.
(2) A cooling unit provided below the furnace body and for cooling the carbonaceous particles heat-treated inside the furnace body is provided.
(3) The cooling unit includes a cylindrical cooling jacket that cools the carbonaceous particles that descend inside, and a bottom plate that is provided below the cooling jacket and supports the carbonic particles.
(4) A cooling water circulation path is provided inside the bottom plate.

The heat treatment apparatus for carbonaceous granules of the present invention may further have the following configuration.
(1) The cooling unit further includes a discharge device including a plurality of blades radially extending from a rotation shaft provided on the bottom plate, and a discharge pipe provided on the bottom plate, and the plurality of blades rotate. As a result, the carbonaceous particles overflowing from the bottom plate are discharged to the discharge pipe, and a cooling water circulation path may be provided inside the rotation shafts of the plurality of blades.

(2) The cooling unit is provided at the discharge destination of the discharge pipe, further includes a valve portion for discharging the carbonaceous particles to the outside, and the valve portion includes a valve body inside the case and the inner surface of the case. And the valve body are close to each other, and a cooling water circulation path may be provided inside the valve body.

(3) The valve body is a rotor, and the rotor includes a plurality of plate-shaped portions radially extending from the rotation axis of the rotor, the inner surface of the case and the tip of the plate-shaped portion are close to each other, and the rotor rotates. A cooling water circulation path may be provided inside the shaft.

(4) The discharge device is connected to a weight scale provided at a discharge destination of the valve portion, and receives weight information of the carbonaceous particles discharged to the weight scale to rotate speeds of the plurality of blades. It may be provided with a control unit for adjusting.

According to the present invention, the heat-treated carbonaceous granules can be uniformly cooled without reducing the amount of emissions per unit time.

The side view which shows the heat treatment apparatus of the carbonaceous granules which concerns on 1st Embodiment. The plan view which shows the input part which concerns on 1st Embodiment. The side view which shows the input part which concerns on 1st Embodiment. The side view which shows the charging hopper and the skirt which concerns on 1st Embodiment. The side view which shows the discharge part which concerns on 1st Embodiment. The side view which shows a part of the discharge part which concerns on 1st Embodiment. The side view which shows the valve part which concerns on 1st Embodiment. The flowchart which shows the operation of the heat treatment apparatus for carbonaceous granules which concerns on 1st Embodiment.

[1. First Embodiment]
[1-1. composition]
[Carbonate plastids]
First, the carbonaceous granule A used in the heat treatment apparatus for the carbonaceous granules according to the first embodiment will be described. As the carbonaceous granule A, granules such as anthracite granules, coke granules, and granules composed of a mixture thereof, and granules of a mixture of a metal oxide and carbon can be used. Further, the anthracite and coke may include those that have not been calsigned (temporarily burned), and the coke includes petroleum coke, coal coke, fluid coke, needle coke and the like. The anthracite granules and coke granules are granules of, for example, about 10 mm to 20 mm, which are obtained by crushing massive anthracite or coke. The granulated material is formed by mixing a binder or water with raw materials such as anthracite or coke-derived carbon powder, artificial graphite powder, and metal oxide, and is formed by a granulator such as a disc peretta, and further undergoes a drying process. It is a hardened granule. As the binder, for example, starch powder, particularly α-cornstarch powder can be used. Pitch, phenol resin, other synthetic polymer compounds, water-soluble polysaccharides and the like can also be used as the binder as long as it can be cured or carbonized. The carbonaceous granule A of the present embodiment is a columnar body having a smooth surface, a diameter of about 10 mm, and a height of 10 mm to 15 mm. In the present embodiment, the carbonaceous plastid A is directly energized to generate Joule heat and heat-treated.

[Heat treatment equipment]
Next, the heat treatment apparatus for carbonaceous granules according to the first embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view showing the configuration of the heat treatment apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment. The heat treatment apparatus 1 includes a furnace body 21 that heat-treats the carbonaceous granules A. The furnace body 21 of the present embodiment includes a direct energization heating method in which heat treatment is performed by directly energizing, and an indirect heating method in which a heat source is provided on the outer periphery and the furnace core tube and the heating container are heated from the outside to heat the heat. Can be used. In the following, the furnace body 21 will be described as a vertical electroheat treatment furnace of a direct energization heating method. The heat treatment apparatus 1 continuously heat-treats the carbonaceous particles A by energizing the carbonaceous particles A charged from above the furnace body 21 while gradually descending inside the furnace body 21. In this heat treatment apparatus 1, a charging unit 10 for charging the carbonaceous particles A into the furnace body 21, a heat treatment unit 20 for heat-treating the charged carbonaceous particles A, and a cooling unit for cooling the heat-treated carbonaceous particles A are provided. 30 and. The charging section 10, the heat treatment section 20, and the cooling section 30 are sequentially provided from above to below the furnace body 21. Further, the furnace body 21 constitutes a part of the heat treatment section 20. It is assumed that the carbonaceous granule A fills at least a part of the inside of the furnace body 21 and the inside of the charging section 10 and the cooling section 30. In the present specification, the term "upper" refers to the direction against gravity, and the term "lower" refers to the direction following gravity.

[Input section]
The charging unit 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4. The charging section 10 charges the carbonaceous granules A into the furnace body 21 from above, and follows the charging path of the carbonaceous particles A, and follows the charging path of the carbonaceous particles A, the gantry 11, the distribution hopper 12, the feeder 13, the raw material bin 14, and the charging hopper. It is equipped with 15 and a skirt 16.

The gantry 11 is provided on the upper part of the loading portion 10 and is a pedestal on which the flexible container bag lifted by a crane or the like is placed. The flexible container bag contains carbonaceous particles A to be heat-treated, and the carbonic particles A are charged into the distribution hopper 12 from the flexible container bag. The distribution hopper 12 is a container that distributes the charged carbonaceous granules A through holes provided on the bottom surface. The distribution hopper 12 of the present embodiment is provided with, for example, one hole at each of the four corners of the bottom surface of a substantially rectangular shape. Each of these four holes is provided with a cone portion 121 extending downward from the edge of the hole in a funnel shape. The lower ends of each cone portion 121 are all open. The carbonaceous granules A charged into the distribution hopper 12 descend from these four holes inside the cone portion 121 and are discharged onto the feeders 13 provided immediately below the openings at the lower ends of the cone portion 121.

The feeder 13 is a mechanism and a route for feeding the carbonaceous granules A from the distribution hopper 12 to the raw material bottle 14. The feeder 13 has a function of removing fine powder contained in the carbonaceous particle A. In the present embodiment, for example, a sieve having an opening of 4 mm or more is provided on the path of the feeder 13. The sieve is, for example, a metal mesh or punching metal. That is, the feeder 13 can remove the fine powder contained in the carbonaceous particle A in the process of sending out the carbonic particle A. Further, the feeder 13 may be a vibration feeder having a vibration function by, for example, an electromagnetic vibration method. When the feeder 13 is a vibration feeder, the carbonaceous particles A can be sent out while vibrating on the feeder 13, so that fine powder can be more effectively removed from the sieve provided on the path. Further, the feeder 13 and the raw material bin 14 face each other via an insulator 13a made of, for example, a rubber tube, a rubber plate, or a porcelain plate. When the heat treatment apparatus 1 is in operation, it is preferable that the feeder 13 and the raw material bin 14 are connected via the insulator 13a to prevent dust and the like from entering from the outside.

The raw material bottle 14 is a container for containing the carbonaceous granules A. The material of the raw material bottle 14 is preferably a material having excellent durability and corrosion resistance. In particular, when the material of the raw material bottle 14 is a steel material, there is a risk that rust or the like of the steel material may be mixed into the furnace. Therefore, as the material of the raw material bottle 14, for example, heat-resistant stainless steel, particularly SUS310S, is suitable. The raw material bottle 14 includes a cylindrical cylindrical portion 141 that receives the carbonaceous granules A from the feeder 13, and a cone portion 142 that is provided below the cylindrical portion and narrows downward. Since the cylindrical portion 141 and the cone portion 142 are internally connected and the lower portion of the cone portion 142 is open, the carbonaceous granule A sent out from the feeder 13 can descend inside the raw material bottle 14. A full meter and a flow meter (not shown) or sensors having the same function are installed inside the raw material bin 14, and the amount and flow rate of carbonaceous particles A inside the raw material bin 14 and the operation of the feeder 13 By adjusting the amount to be sent out from the feeder 13 in conjunction with the stop, the carbonaceous particles A inside the raw material bin 14 can be maintained at an arbitrary amount or flow rate. An opening / closing damper (not shown) for opening / closing the opening is provided at the lower part of the cone portion 142, and the descent of the carbonaceous particle A is temporarily stopped here when switching the type of the carbonaceous particle A or in case of trouble. Can be done. The cone angle of the cone portion 142 is, for example, 30 ° or less, and particularly preferably 15 ° or less.

Four raw material bottles 14 of the present embodiment are provided corresponding to the number of distributions, that is, the four holes, in which the distribution hopper 12 distributes the carbonaceous granules A. The four raw material bins 14 are arranged at equal intervals on substantially concentric circles of the central axis of the furnace body 21 provided below the raw material bins 14. That is, the four raw material bins 14 are provided at each 90 ° inscribed angle on the circumference centered on the central axis. It should be noted that the approximate concentric circle means that the dimensional error of each configuration and the error related to the assembly are concentric circles.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the distribution hopper 12 of the present embodiment is not arranged directly above the four raw material bins 14. In other words, the distribution hopper 12 is provided at a position separated from the central axis of the furnace body 21 provided below the distribution hopper 12 in the outer peripheral direction of the furnace body 21. Along with this, the plurality of feeders 13 are provided so as to extend in the direction connecting the distribution hopper 12 and the raw material bin 14, or in the substantially horizontal direction in the present embodiment. That is, the more the distribution hopper 12 is separated from directly above the four raw material bins 14, the longer the path length of the feeder 13. As shown in FIG. 2, although the path lengths of the feeders 13 are different from each other, even the shortest one can sufficiently remove fine powder. The length of the shortest feeder 13 is, for example, 70 cm.

As shown in FIG. 4, the charging hopper 15 provided below the raw material bottle 14 is a truncated cone-shaped container having openings 151 and 152 at its upper and lower ends, respectively, and its inner diameter is narrowed downward. waiting. The skirt 16 provided at the lower part of the charging hopper 15 is a truncated cone-shaped or cylindrical guide member having an opening 161 and 162 at the upper and lower ends thereof and having an inner diameter narrowed downward. The opening 152 of the charging hopper 15 and the opening 161 of the skirt 16 are continuously provided. Further, the charging hopper 15 and the skirt 16 are both provided coaxially with the central axis of the furnace body 21.

The charging hopper 15 and the skirt 16 are preferably double-structured containers or guide members having heat insulating properties. By having a double structure having heat insulating properties, radiant heat and heat transfer from the heat treatment unit 20 can be alleviated. The materials of the charging hopper 15 and the skirt 16 are preferably materials having excellent durability and corrosion resistance. In particular, when the material of the charging hopper 15 and the skirt 16 is a steel material, rust on the steel material may be mixed into the furnace. Therefore, as the material of the charging hopper 15 and the skirt 16, for example, heat-resistant stainless steel, particularly SUS310S, is suitable. Further, the internal space of the double structure may be used as an air layer as it is as a cavity, but air or cooling gas may be blown into the internal space, or a heat insulating material may be embedded therein.

The charging hopper 15 and the skirt 16 temporarily store the carbonaceous particles A discharged from the raw material bottle 14 and put them into the heat treatment section 20, but as shown in FIG. 1, the charging hopper 15 and the skirt 16 The upper electrode 22, which will be described later, penetrates inside.

[Heat treatment section]
The heat treatment section 20 is provided in the furnace body 21, the upper electrode 22, the combustion chamber 23 for temporarily storing the carbonaceous particles A charged from the skirt 16, and the lower part of the combustion chamber 23, and is provided in the carbonaceous particles A. A tubular structure 24 that lowers the inside of the tubular structure 24, a lower electrode 25 that is provided under the tubular structure 24 and lowers the inside of the tubular structure A, and an inner peripheral surface of the furnace body 21 and the tubular structure 24 and the lower part. A heat insulating layer 26 existing between the electrode 25 and the outer peripheral surface thereof is provided. That is, the carbonaceous granules A in the heat treatment section 20 descend in the order of the combustion chamber 23, the tubular structure 24, and the lower electrode 25.

The furnace body 21 is a cylindrical furnace shell lined with a refractory (not shown). The refractory is, for example, a refractory brick. On the central axis of the furnace body 21, a columnar upper electrode 22 that directly energizes the carbonaceous granule A is provided. The upper electrode 22 penetrates the inside of the charging hopper 15 and the skirt 16 provided above the furnace body 21, the inside of the combustion chamber 23, and extends to the inside of the tubular structure 24.

Inside the furnace body 21, a combustion chamber 23 is provided so as to surround the upper electrode 22. The combustion chamber 23 is a cylindrical space for temporarily storing the carbonaceous particles A charged from the skirt 16 of the charging portion 10 described above. The inner space of the combustion chamber 23 has a tubular structure whose bottom surface is formed by an inner peripheral surface of the furnace body 21 on its side surface and by a furnace lid 211 whose upper surface is connected to the outer periphery of the skirt 16 and the upper inner peripheral portion of the furnace body 21. It is defined by the upper surface of the heat insulating layer 26 existing on the outer peripheral surface of the body 24. The furnace lid 211 is made of, for example, a heat-resistant board, but may be made of a steel material lined with casters or a refractory material. As the heat insulating board, for example, a molded body made of heat-resistant fibers may be used. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the skirt 16 penetrates the upper surface of the combustion chamber 23 and protrudes into the combustion chamber 23, and the opening 162 provided at the lower end of the skirt 16 is defined as the bottom surface of the combustion chamber 23. It is separated in the vertical direction by the distance of. This predetermined distance is, for example, 30 to 100 cm, preferably 50 to 80 cm. By adjusting the predetermined distance and the diameter of the opening 162 of the skirt 16, the carbonaceous granules A are deposited so as to exist continuously in a weight shape from the opening 162 to the bottom of the combustion chamber 23.

The chimney 231 is provided in the combustion chamber 23. In particular, it is preferable that a plurality of cylindrical combustion chambers 23 are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. To provide a plurality of combustion chambers at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, for example, if two are provided, every 180 °, if three are provided, every 120 °, if four are provided, every 90 °, the center of the combustion chamber 23. It means that a plurality of chimneys 231 are provided around the shaft. In this embodiment, two chimneys 231 are provided every 180 °.

A conductive tubular structure 24 is provided in the lower part of the combustion chamber 23 so as to surround at least a part of the upper electrode 22. The tubular structure 24 is made of, for example, artificial graphite. The tubular structure 24 is provided with openings 241 and 242 at the upper and lower ends thereof, and communicates with the combustion chamber 23 by the openings 241 and the inside of the lower electrode 25 provided at the lower part of the tubular structure 24 by the openings 242, respectively. ing. The lower electrode 25 is a cylindrical electrode provided below the tubular structure 24 so as to face the upper electrode 22 and to be separated downward by a predetermined distance. The lower electrode 25 is provided with openings 251 and 252 at its upper and lower ends, respectively. The opening 251 provided at the upper end of the lower electrode 25 is electrically connected to the opening 242 provided at the lower end of the tubular structure 24 via the brim block 253 provided so as to surround the upper end of the lower electrode 25. It is connected. Therefore, when the upper electrode 22 and the lower electrode 25 are energized, a heating zone is formed from the opening 241 of the tubular structure 24 to the opening 251 of the lower electrode 25. In other words, the carbonaceous granule A is heat-treated inside the tubular structure 24 by energizing the upper electrode 22 and the lower electrode 25. The upper electrode 22, the combustion chamber 23, the tubular structure 24, the openings 241, 242, the lower electrode 25, and the openings 251, 252 of the heat treatment unit 20 are all provided coaxially with the central axis of the furnace body 21. Is preferable.

A heat insulating layer 26 made of, for example, carbon black is provided between the outer peripheral surfaces of the tubular structure 24 and the lower electrode 25 and the inner peripheral surface of the furnace body 21. The heat insulating layer 26 blocks heat generated around the tubular structure 24 and the lower electrode 25 from the outside.

[Cooling unit]
The cooling unit 30 will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 to 7. The cooling unit 30 is provided with a cylindrical cooling jacket 31, a discharge unit 32, and a valve unit 33. The cooling jacket 31 has a double casing structure in which the periphery of the inner casing from which the carbonaceous particles A descend is covered with an outer casing, and a cooling water circulation path is provided inside the double casing structure. There is. The cooling water circulation path inside the double casing structure is connected to, for example, a pump and a cooler (not shown), and the cooling water circulates through this circulation path. The cooling water circulation path is, for example, a water distribution pipe provided inside the double casing structure, and by circulating the cooling water through the drain pipe, the carbonaceous particles A in the cooling jacket 31 are efficiently cooled. can do. As a result, the cooling jacket 31 absorbs the heat of the carbonaceous particles A descending inside the cooling jacket 31 through the inner casing and cools the carbonic particles A. If the heat treatment apparatus 1 is of a scale intended for industrial production, the inner diameter of the cooling jacket 31, that is, the inner diameter of the inner casing is preferably at least 50 cm or more, and is preferably 70 cm or more in order to further increase productivity. ..

Further, near the upper end of the cooling jacket 31, a gas blowing hole 311 for blowing an inert gas such as argon gas or nitrogen gas into the lower electrode 25 and the tubular structure 24 is provided. It is preferable that a plurality of gas blowing holes 311 are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the cooling jacket 31. The center of the cooling jacket 31 is provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, for example, every 180 ° if two are provided, every 120 ° if three are provided, and every 90 ° if four are provided. This means that a plurality of gas blowing holes 311 are provided around the shaft. For example, four gas blowing holes 311 of the present embodiment are provided every 90 °. By injecting an inert gas such as argon gas or nitrogen gas from the gas blowing hole 311 it is possible to prevent the carbonaceous granule A inside the furnace body 21 from being oxidized or burned from the inside.

As shown in FIG. 5, the discharge unit 32 includes a discharge chamber 321, a skirt 322, a bottom plate 323, a discharge device 324, and a discharge pipe 325. The discharge unit 32 descends from the cooling jacket 31 via the skirt 322, and sends the carbonaceous granules A supported by the bottom plate 323 from the discharge pipe 325 to the valve portion 33 by the discharge device 324.

The discharge chamber 321 is a space for cooling and discharging the carbonaceous particles A cooled in the cooling jacket 31. The internal space of the discharge chamber 321 communicates with the inside of the cooling jacket 31 on the upper surface thereof and the inside of the discharge pipe 325 opened near the peripheral edge of the bottom plate 323 constituting the bottom surface on the bottom surface thereof. That is, the discharge chamber 321 has a structure in which there is no opening other than the discharge pipe 325 for discharging the carbonaceous particles A to the cooling jacket 31 and the valve portion 33, and the pressure measurement sensor 321a is provided on the side wall thereof. It is provided. The pressure inside the discharge chamber 321 can be measured by the pressure measurement sensor 321a. When the pressure difference between the inside of the discharge chamber 321 and the outside of the furnace body 21 is 25 to 200 Pa, the possibility of sucking air into the furnace from the outside of the furnace body 21 is reduced.

The skirt 322 is a truncated cone-shaped or cylindrical guide member whose inner diameter is narrowed downward. The skirt 322 is provided inside the discharge chamber 321 so as to project downward from the vicinity of the outlet of the cooling jacket 31 and its tip to face the discharge device 324 provided on the upper surface of the bottom plate 323. The distance from the tip of the skirt 322 to the upper surface of the bottom plate 323 is such that the angle of repose of the carbonaceous granules A existing from the end of the skirt 322 to the upper surface of the bottom plate 323 differs depending on the material of the carbonaceous particles A, and carbon. It can be appropriately adjusted so as to cope with increasing or decreasing the discharge rate of the plastid A. Specifically, the skirt 322 is slid in the vertical direction to adjust the distance to the upper surface of the bottom board 323, and the distance can be adjusted in the range of, for example, 10 mm to 200 mm. Further, as the material of the skirt 322, for example, heat-resistant stainless steel, particularly SUS310S, is suitable.

The bottom plate 323 is a member that constitutes the bottom surface of the discharge chamber 321 that receives the carbonaceous particles A that have descended inside the cooling jacket 31 and the skirt 322. That is, the bottom plate 323 supports the carbonaceous plastid A that fills the inside of the furnace on the upper surface thereof. As shown in FIG. 6, a cooling water circulation path is provided inside the bottom plate 323. This cooling water circulation path is connected to, for example, a pump and a cooler (not shown), and the cooling water circulates in this circulation path. The arrows in the figure exemplify the flow of cooling water circulating inside the bottom plate 323. As a result, the bottom plate 323 cools the carbonaceous particles A by absorbing the heat of the received carbonaceous particles A through the upper surface, that is, through the bottom surface of the discharge chamber 321.

The discharge device 324 discharges the carbonaceous particles A to the discharge pipe 325 while keeping the flow rate and the discharge amount of the carbonic particles A per unit time in the heat treatment unit 20 and the cooling jacket 31 constant. The discharge device 324 of the present embodiment is a swivel blade type quantitative discharge device provided on a rotating shaft 3241 penetrating near the center of the bottom plate 323 and rotating a plurality of blades 3242 radially provided around the rotating shaft. .. A motor (not shown) is connected to the rotating shaft 3241, and the plurality of blades 3242 rotate when the motor is driven. A total of four blades 3242 of the present embodiment are provided at 90 ° intervals around the rotation shaft 3241 in a state where the plate-shaped blade surface is oriented in a direction parallel to the rotation shaft 3241. The blades 3242 are separated from each other. Since the discharge device 324 is provided directly above the bottom plate 323, the carbonaceous granules A descending from the skirt 322 are partially supported by the blades 3242, but most of them are sewn in the gap between the blades 3242 and the bottom plate 323. Supported by. With the carbonaceous granules A supported on the upper surface of the bottom plate 323, the plurality of blades 3242 rotate between the end of the skirt 322 and the upper surface of the bottom plate 323, so that the carbonaceous particles A move from the center to the periphery of the bottom plate 323. It is extruded, and a part of the carbonaceous granule A overflows from the bottom plate 323 and is discharged to the discharge pipe 325. The carbonaceous granules A are discharged from the valve portion 33 provided at the tip of the discharge pipe 325.

Further, the discharge device 324 includes a control unit (not shown). This control unit is connected to a weight scale (not shown) provided at the discharge destination of the valve portion 33, for example, a load cell, and provides weight information of the carbonaceous plastid A discharged from the valve portion 33 at the discharge destination of the valve portion 33. Receive from this load cell. The control unit of the discharge device 324 can adjust the rotation speed of the blade 3242 according to the change in the weight information, thereby adjusting the discharge amount of the carbonaceous granule A. This adjustment is performed, for example, every minute according to a preset weight measurement interval.

A cooling water circulation path is provided inside the rotating shaft 3241, and this cooling water circulation path is connected to, for example, a pump and a cooler (not shown). For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the rotating shaft 3241 has a hollow structure, and a water distribution pipe for circulating cooling water is inserted therein. The arrows in the figure exemplify the flow of cooling water circulating inside the rotating shaft 3241. That is, the cooling water rises in the water pipe by the pump and overflows from the opening at the upper end, and the overflowed water is drained to the cooler through the gap between the inside of the rotating shaft 3241 and the outside of the water pipe, and is drained to the cooler again by the pump. By raising the water pipe, it is possible to circulate inside the rotating shaft 3241. As a result, the rotating shaft 3241 absorbs the heat of the carbonaceous particle A and cools the carbonic particle A. The inside of the rotating shaft 3241 is preferably filled with cooling water.

The valve portion 33 is a valve that discharges the carbonaceous granules A discharged from the discharge portion 32 from the heat treatment apparatus 1 by driving the valve body inside the case. Further, since the valve body 33 is provided close to the inner surface of the case to provide an airtight space inside the valve portion 33, the valve portion 33 can play a role as a so-called airlock. The term "airtightness" as used herein refers to airtightness to the extent that pressure can be separated between the inside and the outside of the discharge portion 32 by the valve portion 33, and includes a case where the airtightness is not completely sealed.

As shown in FIG. 7, the valve portion 33 of the present embodiment is a rotary valve. That is, the valve portion 33 includes a rotor 331 which is a valve body, a cylindrical case 332 for accommodating the rotor 331, and a discharge pipe 333. The rotor 331 includes a rotating shaft 3311 and a plurality of plate-shaped portions 3312 radially provided around the rotating shaft 3311. A motor (not shown) is connected to the rotating shaft 3311, and the plurality of plate-shaped portions 3312 are rotated by driving the motor. The amount of carbonaceous plastid A discharged from the valve portion 33 per unit time is set to be equal to that from the discharge device 324, and the rotation speed of the rotor 331 is determined based on this setting. The plate-shaped portion 3312 of the present embodiment is provided with a total of six plate-shaped portions 3312, one at every 60 ° around the rotating shaft 3311, with its blade surface oriented in the rotation direction of the rotating shaft 3311. That is, the plurality of plate-shaped portions 3312 are arranged close to the inner surface of the case 332 so as to be barely rotatable inside the case 332, and divide the inside of the case 332 into six spaces. The six spaces become the above-mentioned airtight spaces in sequence by the rotation of the plurality of plate-shaped portions 3312. Further, the inside of the cylindrical case 332 communicates with the inside of the discharge pipe 325 at the upper part thereof and the inside of the discharge pipe 333 at the lower part thereof. More specifically, when the plurality of plate-shaped portions 3312 rotate around the rotation shaft 3311, one or two of these six spaces become the inside of the discharge pipe 325 and the other one or two spaces. It communicates with the inside of the discharge pipe 333.

A cooling water circulation path is provided inside the rotating shaft 3311, and the cooling water circulation path is connected to, for example, a pump and a cooler (not shown). For example, the rotary shaft 3311 has a hollow structure, and the cooling water inside the rotary shaft 3311 flows from one end to the other end of the rotary shaft 3311 by a pump, and again from one end of the rotary shaft 3311 via a cooler. It circulates so that it flows toward the other end. As a result, the rotating shaft 3311 absorbs the heat of the carbonaceous particle A and cools the carbonic particle A.

[1-2. Action]
The operation of the heat treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. First, the flexible container bag containing the carbonaceous particles A is lifted by a crane or the like and placed on a pedestal 11 provided above the loading portion 10 (step S01). The carbonaceous granules A contained in the flexible container bag are charged into the distribution hopper 12. The charged carbonaceous granule A descends downward from the four holes and the four cone portions 121 provided at the four corners of the distribution hopper 12, and the feeders provided directly below the outlets of the four cone portions 121, respectively. It is spit out to 13. The carbonaceous granules A on each feeder 13 are sent to the corresponding raw material bottle 14. At this time, in the process of the feeder 13 sending out the carbonaceous particles A, the fine powder contained in the carbonic particles A is classified through a sieve provided on the route of the feeder 13 and removed from a route (not shown). .. This fine powder is generated in the process of transporting the carbonaceous granule A, but it is desirable to remove it from the carbonaceous granule A to be heat-treated as much as possible. When this fine powder enters the heat treatment section 20 in a state where it has entered the gaps of the carbonaceous particles A, the filling degree and fluidity inside the furnace body 21 change locally, and the electrical resistivity becomes non-uniform. This is because there is a risk of causing blockage in the furnace and drifting during energization as described in the subject of the specification.

The carbonaceous granule A from which the fine powder has been removed descends inside the raw material bottle 14. In this way, the carbonaceous granules A are distributed into four parts in the distribution hopper 12, the feeder 13, and the raw material bottle 14 and descend (step S02).

The carbonaceous particles A discharged from the four raw material bottles 14 are introduced into the combustion chamber 23 of the heat treatment section 20 through the opening 162 of the skirt 16 by descending inside the charging hopper 15 and the skirt 16. More specifically, since the upper electrode 22 described later penetrates inside the charging hopper 15 and the skirt 16, the carbonaceous granule A is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the charging hopper 15 and the skirt 16 and the upper electrode 22. It is sewn down from the outer peripheral surface and is charged into the combustion chamber 23 (step S03).

Since the opening 162 of the skirt 16 and the bottom surface of the combustion chamber 23 are separated in the vertical direction by a predetermined distance, the carbonaceous granules A thrown in from the opening 162 of the skirt 16 are placed around the upper electrode 22. Inside the combustion chamber 23, for example, it forms a rest angle and is deposited in a weight shape, and a part of the deposit is descended into the tubular structure 24. More specifically, since the upper electrode 22 penetrates the inside of the tubular structure 24, the carbonaceous granule A sews down between the outer peripheral surface of the upper electrode 22 and the inner peripheral surface of the tubular structure 24. (Step S04).

By energizing the upper electrode 22 and the lower electrode 25, the carbonaceous granules A descending inside the tubular structure 24 are directly energized and heat-treated by the Joule heat generated in the carbonaceous granules A (step S05). By this heat treatment, the carbonaceous granule A is graphitized. The heat-treated carbonaceous granule A descends inside the lower electrode 25, is discharged from the opening 252 to the cooling unit 30, and is cooled by the cooling jacket 31 of the cooling unit 30 (step S06).

The carbonaceous granule A cooled by the cooling jacket 31 descends from the skirt 322 of the discharge portion 32 into the inside of the discharge chamber 321 and is supported on the upper surface of the bottom plate 323. At this time, the carbonaceous granule A that spreads like a weight between the end of the skirt 322 and the upper surface of the bottom plate 323 is cooled by the cooling water circulating inside the bottom plate 323 and the rotating shaft 3241 (step S07). The carbonaceous granules A cooled by the bottom plate 323 and the rotating shaft 3241 overflow from the bottom plate 323 as the blades 3242 rotate and are discharged to the discharge pipe 325 (step S08). The carbonaceous granules A inside the discharge pipe 325 are discharged to the discharge pipe 333 while being cooled by the cooling water circulating inside the rotating shaft 3311 by rotating the plurality of plate-shaped portions 3312 in the valve portion 33 (step). S09).

In the above steps S01 to S09, the carbonaceous granules A charged from the charging unit 10 are heat-treated in the heat treatment unit 20, then cooled in the cooling unit 30, and finally discharged from the heat treatment apparatus 1.

[1-3. effect]
(1) The heat treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment includes a cooling unit 30. The cooling unit 30 includes a cooling jacket 31 for cooling the carbonaceous particles A descending inside the cooling jacket 31, and a bottom plate 323 provided below the cooling jacket 31 for supporting the carbonic particles A descending inside the cooling jacket 31. , Cooling water circulates inside the bottom plate 323. As a result, even the carbonaceous granules A, which may not be sufficiently cooled because they have descended from the central portion of the cooling jacket 31, can be reliably cooled.

(2) The cooling unit 30 of the present embodiment includes a discharge device 324 including a plurality of blades 3242 that rotate around a rotation shaft 3241 provided on the bottom plate 323. The rotating shaft 3241 has a hollow structure, and cooling water circulates inside. As a result, the carbonaceous granules A, which may not be sufficiently cooled because they have descended from the central portion of the cooling jacket 31, can be cooled more reliably. Further, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of troubles such as the rotating shaft 3241 failing due to the influence of the heat of the carbonaceous granule A and the discharge device 324 not operating.

(3) The cooling unit 30 of the present embodiment includes a valve unit 33 which is a rotary valve, and the rotating shaft 3311 of the valve unit 33 has a hollow structure, and cooling water circulates inside. As a result, the carbonaceous granule A can be reliably cooled. Further, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of troubles such as the rotary shaft 3311 failing due to the influence of the heat of the carbonaceous granule A and the valve portion 33 not operating. Further, the plurality of plate-shaped portions 3312 rotating around the rotation shaft 3311 are arranged close to the inner surface of the case 332 so as to be barely rotatable inside the case 332. Even in such a case, since the heat of the carbonaceous granule A is absorbed by the rotating shaft 3311, for example, the plate-shaped portion 3312 thermally expands and competes with the inner surface of the case 332, so that the plate-shaped portion 3312 does not rotate. The risk is reduced.

(4) The discharge device 324 of the present embodiment includes a control unit, which is connected to a weight scale provided at the discharge destination of the valve unit 33 and receives weight information from the weight scale. The rotation speeds of the plurality of blades 3242 are adjusted. As a result, the carbonaceous particles A descend at a constant rate inside the cooling jacket 31, so that uniform cooling is possible.

[2. Other embodiments]
Although a plurality of embodiments according to the present invention have been described in the present specification, these embodiments are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The above-described embodiment can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, as well as in the scope of the invention described in the claims and the equivalent scope thereof.

(1) The cooling water circulation path is not limited to the mode of the above-described embodiment. In the above-described embodiment, the cooling water circulation path is provided inside the bottom plate 323. For example, a water distribution pipe may be exposed on the surface of the bottom plate 323, and the cooling water may be circulated through the water distribution pipe. Further, the cooling jacket 31 is provided with a water distribution pipe as a circulation path for cooling water inside the double casing structure, and further, a water distribution pipe is provided in a grid pattern inside the cooling jacket 31 from which the carbonaceous particles A fall. Cooling water may also flow through the water pipe. Since the carbonaceous plastid A descends while passing through the grid, the cooling efficiency is increased.

(2) In the above-described embodiment, the discharge device 324 is composed of a plurality of blades extending radially from the rotation axis, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, it may be a gate valve provided near the center of the bottom plate 323 and opened and closed at predetermined intervals. In this case, the discharge pipe 325 is provided directly below the gate valve. Further, a cooling water circulation path may be provided in or near the gate valve itself so that the gate valve is not affected by the heat of the carbonaceous granule A.

(3) In the above-described embodiment, the valve portion 33 is a rotary valve, but a double damper or a triple damper may be used. In addition, various valves can be adopted so as to form an airtight space inside the valve portion 33, such as a combination of a plurality of butterfly valves. Even when the valve body is other than the rotor, by providing the cooling water circulation path inside the valve body, it is possible to prevent the valve body from thermally expanding and competing with the inner surface of the case 332 of the valve portion 33. Further, the place where the cooling water circulation path is provided in the valve body is not limited to the rotation axis of the valve body.

(4) In the valve portion 33 of the above embodiment, the cooling water circulation path is provided inside the rotating shaft 3311, but the cooling water may be further circulated inside the case 332. In this case, the case 332 has a double casing structure in which the carbonaceous granule A descends inside the inner casing with an outer casing, and a cooling water circulation path is provided inside the double casing structure. There is. The cooling water circulation path inside the double casing structure is connected to, for example, a pump and a cooler (not shown), and the cooling water circulates in this circulation path.

(5) In the above-described embodiment, the rotation speed of the rotor 331 is determined based on the discharge amount per unit time of the discharge device 324, but the rotation speed of the rotor 331 may be constant regardless of the discharge amount of the discharge device 324. good. In this case, the rotation speed of the rotor 331 is set to a speed at which the maximum discharge amount per unit time of the discharge device 324 can be tolerated.

(6) In the above-described embodiment, the number of blades 3242 is 4, and the number of plate-shaped portions 3312 is 6, but the number is not limited to this. For example, the number of blades 3242 may be two, and the number of plate-shaped portions 3312 may be eight.

1 Heat treatment device 10 Input part 11 Stand 12 Distribution hopper 121 Cone part 13 Feeder 13a Insulator 14 Raw material bin 141 Cylindrical part 142 Cone part 15 Charging hopper 151, 152 Opening 16 Skirt 161, 162 Opening 20 Heat treatment part 21 Furnace 211 Furnace lid 22 Upper electrode 23 Combustion chamber 231 Chimney 24 Tubular structure 241, 242 Opening 25 Lower electrode 251, 252 Opening 253 Brim block 26 Insulation layer 30 Cooling part 31 Cooling jacket 311 Gas blowing hole 32 Discharge part 321 Discharge Room 321a Pressure measurement sensor 322 Skirt 323 Bottom plate 324 Discharge device 3241 Rotating shaft 3242 Blade 325 Discharge pipe 33 Valve part 331 Rotor 3311 Rotating shaft 3312 Plate-shaped part 332 Case 333 Discharge pipe A Carbonaceous granules

Claims (5)

It is a heat treatment device for carbonaceous granules that heat-treats carbonaceous granules put into the furnace body.
A cooling unit provided below the furnace body and for cooling the carbonaceous granules heat-treated inside the furnace body is provided.
The cooling unit
A cylindrical cooling jacket that cools the carbonaceous granules that descend inside,
A bottom plate provided below the cooling jacket and supporting the carbonaceous granules,
With
A cooling water circulation path is provided inside the bottom plate.
Heat treatment equipment for carbonaceous plastids. The cooling unit
A discharge device composed of a plurality of blades extending radially from a rotation shaft provided on the bottom plate, and a discharge device.
The discharge pipe provided on the bottom plate and
Further prepare
By rotating the plurality of blades, the carbonaceous granules overflowing from the bottom plate are discharged to the discharge pipe.
A cooling water circulation path is provided inside the rotating shafts of the plurality of blades.
The heat treatment apparatus for carbonaceous granules according to claim 1. The cooling unit
Further provided with a valve portion provided at the discharge destination of the discharge pipe and discharging the carbonaceous granules to the outside,
The valve portion is provided with a valve body inside the case.
The inner surface of the case and the valve body are in close proximity to each other.
A cooling water circulation path is provided inside the valve body.
The heat treatment apparatus for carbonaceous granules according to claim 2. The valve body is a rotor and
The rotor includes a plurality of plate-shaped portions extending radially from the rotation axis of the rotor.
The inner surface of the case and the tip of the plate-shaped portion are close to each other.
A cooling water circulation path is provided inside the rotating shaft of the rotor.
The heat treatment apparatus for carbonaceous granules according to claim 3. The discharge device is connected to a weight scale provided at the discharge destination of the valve portion, and adjusts the rotation speed of the plurality of blades by receiving weight information of the carbonaceous particles discharged to the weight scale. Equipped with a control unit
The heat treatment apparatus for carbonaceous granules according to claim 3 or 4.

Images