JP2021160397A - Failure cause estimation method and device for power supply system in vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide power supply system failure cause estimation method and device which can estimate power supply system failure cause and enables quick inspection and repair.SOLUTION: A vehicle power supply system failure cause estimation device (300), which has a plurality of ECU (200) and power supply units (101, 102) for supplying electric power source to the plurality of ECU, has: ECU matrix creating means (303) which inputs each back-up data from a plurality of prescribed ECU of the plurality of ECU (200), and creates a matrix which indicates correspondence between the plurality of prescribed ECU and each back-up data; and failure cause estimation means (304) which estimates power supply system failure cause on the basis of whether each back-up data of the plurality of prescribed ECU indicates normal shutdown or not. Shutdown generating voltages when power supply voltage drops in the plurality of prescribed ECU are different from one another within a prescribed voltage range.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to a technique for detecting a failure of a power supply system in a vehicle operated by electronic control.

In recent years, various controls such as engine and transmission controls and vehicle controls such as brakes have been digitized, and the number of electronic control units (hereinafter referred to as ECUs) per automobile has increased. It tends to increase more and more.

Since many ECUs are driven by using the battery of the vehicle as a power source, a defect around the power source has a great influence on the behavior of the transmission or the like to be controlled. For example, in the case of a transmission, when the engine is restarted from idle stop, the voltage returns to the normal value due to the operation of the alternator, but if the ECU of the transmission (hereinafter referred to as TCU) momentarily interrupts at that time, The shift position becomes N or P, and the vehicle cannot be started unless the user selects the drive range again. Especially in the case of N, if it overlaps with the system down of the electric servo brake (ESB), there is a possibility that the sliding down on a slope may occur. Therefore, it is necessary to detect a defect in the power supply system at an early stage and inspect and repair it.

As an example of a method for detecting a defect in the power supply system, Patent Document 1 discloses a rotation angle detecting device in an electric power steering (EPS) device. According to Patent Document 1, when a power failure occurs in which power is not supplied from the battery, the EPS-ECU outputs information indicating that the power failure has occurred until a return signal from the control unit is received. Hold as information. As a result, when the power is restored, the control unit can be notified that a power failure has occurred, and appropriate fail-safe measures can be taken.

JP 2015-161584

However, the method of Patent Document 1 described above can only detect a power failure in the EPS-ECU, and estimates how much the power failure is and where the power failure occurs. Can not do it. Therefore, it was not possible to carry out quick inspection and repair.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a power supply system failure cause estimation method and an apparatus capable of estimating the cause of a failure of the power supply system and enabling prompt inspection and repair.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a vehicle having a plurality of electronic control units (hereinafter referred to as ECUs) (200) and power supply units (101, 102) for supplying power to the plurality of ECUs (200). The power supply system failure cause estimation device (300) inputs each backup data from a plurality of predetermined ECUs in the plurality of ECUs (200), and creates a matrix showing the correspondence between the plurality of predetermined ECUs and the respective backup data. The ECU matrix creating means (303) and the failure cause estimating means (304) for estimating the cause of the failure of the power supply system based on whether or not the backup data of each of the plurality of predetermined ECUs indicates a normal shutdown. The shutoff generation voltages when the power supply voltage drops in the plurality of predetermined ECUs are different from each other within a predetermined voltage range.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, a vehicle having a plurality of electronic control units (hereinafter referred to as ECUs) (200) and power supply units (101, 102) for supplying power to the plurality of ECUs (200). In the power supply system failure cause estimation method, the ECU matrix creating means (303) inputs backup data from each of the plurality of predetermined ECUs in the plurality of ECUs (200), and the plurality of predetermined ECUs and their respective backup data are combined. A matrix showing the correspondence is created, and the failure cause estimation means (304) estimates the failure cause of the power supply system based on whether or not the backup data of each of the plurality of predetermined ECUs indicates a normal shutdown, and the plurality of failure causes are estimated. The shutdown generation voltage when the power supply voltage drops in the predetermined ECU is different from each other within the predetermined voltage range.
According to the third aspect of the present invention, a vehicle having a plurality of electronic control units (hereinafter referred to as ECUs) (200) and power supply units (101, 102) for supplying power to the plurality of ECUs (200). In the program for operating the computer as the power supply system failure cause estimation device (300), the shutdown generation voltage when the power supply voltage drops in a plurality of predetermined ECUs among the plurality of ECUs (200) is different from each other within a predetermined voltage range. , An ECU matrix creation function that inputs each backup data from the plurality of predetermined ECUs and creates a matrix showing the correspondence between the plurality of predetermined ECUs and the respective backup data, and backup data of each of the plurality of predetermined ECUs. The computer realizes a failure cause estimation function that estimates the failure cause of the power supply system based on whether or not indicates a normal shutdown.
From this, it is possible to determine the voltage drop of the battery by referring to whether or not an abnormal shutdown has occurred in a plurality of predetermined ECUs having different shutdown generation voltages, and the backup data and the magnitude of the shutdown generation voltage of the ECU can be determined. The cause of the power supply system failure can be estimated based on this.
For example, the failure cause estimation means (304) determines that the power supply system is normal if all the backup data of the plurality of predetermined ECUs indicates a normal shutdown, and all the backup data of the plurality of predetermined ECUs are used. If an abnormal shutdown is indicated, it can be determined that the terminal mounting of the power supply system is defective.
Further, the failure cause estimation means (304) determines that the deterioration of the battery is moderate if the shutdown generation voltage of the first ECU among the plurality of predetermined ECUs is a voltage substantially in the center of the predetermined voltage range. If the shutdown voltage of the second ECU among the plurality of predetermined ECUs is the lowest voltage in the predetermined voltage range, it can be determined that the deterioration of the battery is large.
The degree of battery deterioration may be written in advance in the matrix according to the shutdown voltage. As a result, the failure cause estimation means (304) can notify the user of the degree of battery deterioration simply by reading the matrix.

As described above, according to the present invention, the cause of failure of the power supply system can be estimated, and prompt inspection and repair can be performed.

It is a block diagram which shows typically a part of the power supply system and the control system of the vehicle provided with the power supply system failure cause estimation system by one Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the schematic structure of the power supply system failure cause estimation apparatus by this Embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of the momentary interruption ECU matrix created in the power supply system failure cause estimation apparatus by this embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the creation operation of the momentary interruption ECU matrix in the power-source system failure cause estimation method by this embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the failure part estimation in the power supply system failure cause estimation method by this embodiment.

1. 1. Outline of Embodiment According to the embodiment of the present invention, it is utilized that the shutdown generation voltage is different among a plurality of electronic control units (ECUs) used in a vehicle. For example, if a plurality of predetermined ECUs having different shutdown generation voltages are registered within a predetermined voltage range at appropriate intervals, this registration order represents the order of the magnitude of resistance (toughness) to fluctuations in the power supply voltage. It can be used as a reference for determining the voltage drop of the battery by referring to whether or not an abnormal shutdown has occurred in the predetermined ECU registered in. For example, if backup data (power supply momentary interruption history) indicating whether or not the ECU shuts down normally at the time of idle stop is recorded, the power supply momentary interruption history read from these registered predetermined ECUs and the ECU's instantaneous power supply interruption history The cause of power supply system failure can be estimated based on the magnitude of toughness.

For example, if all the predetermined ECUs have a history of momentary power interruption, there is a high possibility that the wiring is disconnected or the terminal is not attached properly, not the deterioration of the battery. Further, if a predetermined ECU having a moderately high shutdown voltage or higher has a power supply interruption history, it is determined that the battery deterioration is moderate, and if a predetermined ECU other than the ECU having the lowest shutdown generation voltage has a power supply interruption history. , It can be judged that the battery deterioration is large. By referring to the power supply interruption history of a plurality of predetermined ECUs having different shutdown generating voltages in this way, the cause of failure can be estimated to some extent, and prompt inspection and repair becomes possible. Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

2. One Embodiment The failure cause estimation system according to one embodiment of the present invention is applied to a vehicle in which a large number of ECUs are connected to a network. The vehicle is one that uses an internal combustion engine (engine) as a drive source, one that uses an electric motor (motor), or one that has both an engine and a motor and uses at least one of them.

2.1) Overall configuration As illustrated in FIG. 1, the vehicle includes a battery 101, a converter 102 that supplies power to the ECU, electric devices, and accessories in the vehicle, and management that manages the entire vehicle. It includes a control unit 103, an alternator 104 that generates power for battery charging and necessary power supply under the control of the management control unit 103, various ECUs 200, and a power supply system failure cause estimation device 300. The management control unit 103 can manage the battery, request power generation to the AC generator 104 based on the detection signal from the current sensor of the battery 101, request power generation for idle stop, and the like. Here, as various ECUs 200, a transmission control unit (TCU), an engine control unit (ENG-ECU), a brake control unit (BRK-ECU), an electric power steering control unit (EPS-ECU), and an electronic stability control unit (VSA) -ECU) and other control system ECUs are shown in the figure, but other than that, body system ECUs and the like that control electrical components such as power windows and door locks may be included.

Various ECUs 200, a power supply system failure cause estimation device 300, and other ECUs are connected by an in-vehicle network NW. The in-vehicle network NW may include a network of a system different for each type of ECU. For example, control ECUs such as TCU, ENG-ECU, and EPS-ECU are connected by a highly reliable and high-speed in-vehicle network.

The basic hardware configuration of each ECU is the same and is as follows:
・ Power supply unit connected to converter 102 by harness,
-A microprocessor that programmatically realizes predetermined functions,
-Backup memory (backup RAM (Random Access Memory)) that stores backup data (BU value) that can determine whether or not it is a normal shutdown, which will be described later, as a history of momentary power interruptions, and-Data or commands via the in-vehicle network NW. A communication module that sends and receives.
The backup data (BU value) is data recorded when the shutdown process is normally executed and shuts down, and may be a flag indicating whether the shutdown is normal or abnormal.

As will be described later, the power supply system failure cause estimation device 300 according to the present embodiment receives backup data (BU value) from a predetermined ECU registered in advance through the vehicle-mounted network NW when the device is restarted from shutdown. The cause of failure of the power supply system is estimated based on the BU value and the toughness order of the corresponding ECU, and the possibility of failure is notified to the user.

2.2) Power supply system failure cause estimation device <Configuration>
As illustrated in FIG. 2, the power supply system failure cause estimation device 300 includes a transmission / reception unit 301 connected to the in-vehicle network NW, a control unit 302 that controls the entire device, and a momentary interruption that creates an instantaneous interruption ECU matrix described later. The ECU matrix creation unit 303, the instantaneous interruption cause estimation unit 304 that estimates the instantaneous interruption cause from the instantaneous interruption ECU matrix, the memory 305 that stores programs, work data, and the like, and the power supply unit 306 for supplying power are provided. Have. The functions of the control unit 302, the instantaneous interruption ECU matrix creation unit 303, and the instantaneous interruption cause estimation unit 304 can also be realized by executing the program stored in the memory 305 on the processor. The power supply system failure cause estimation device 300 may be configured as one ECU, or the same function may be realized by software in the management ECU that manages each ECU of the vehicle.

<Instantaneous ECU matrix>
As illustrated in FIG. 3, a plurality of predetermined ECUs having different shutdown generating voltages are registered in advance in the instantaneous interruption ECU matrix. Specifically, a plurality of predetermined ECUs having different shutdown generating voltages may be registered at appropriate intervals in the voltage range required for estimating the cause of failure. For example, the shutdown voltage of the TCU is 6.0V, that of the EPS-ECU is 4.0V, that of the ENG-ECU and VSA-ECU is 3.5V, and that of the BRK-ECU is 3.0V. Are arranged in descending order of the shutdown voltage, that is, in ascending order of toughness with respect to the power supply voltage drop, and this can be used as a criterion for determining the power supply voltage drop. As illustrated in FIG. 3, if the ENG-ECU has a history of momentary interruptions, the degree of battery deterioration is determined to be "medium", and if the BRK-ECU has a history of momentary interruptions, the degree of battery deterioration is determined. It is also possible to determine in advance a guideline for determining "large".

However, the shutdown voltage is the voltage at each ECU. Since the terminals of the battery 100 and the terminals of each ECU are connected by wiring (harness), not only the voltage drop occurs due to the length of the wiring (harness resistance), but also the length of the wiring differs between the ECUs. Therefore, the magnitude of the voltage drop is also different. Therefore, the shutdown voltage of each ECU needs to be determined in consideration of the voltage drop due to the harness resistance and the difference between the ECUs.

In FIG. 4, when the control unit 302 of the power supply system failure cause estimation device 300 is restarted after an idle stop, for example, it receives BU values from a plurality of predetermined ECUs through the transmission / reception unit 301, and causes them to be momentarily interrupted ECU matrix creation unit. Passed to 303 (operation 401). The momentary ECU matrix creation unit 303 determines whether or not the received BU value for the registered predetermined ECU is a normal value that has undergone a normal shutdown process (operation 402), and if it is a normal value (operation 402). YES), write "None" in the "Instantaneous interruption occurrence history" section (operation 403), and if it is not a normal value (NO in operation 402), write "Yes" in the "Instantaneous interruption occurrence history" section (operation) 404). In this way, the instantaneous interruption ECU matrix creation unit 303 creates an instantaneous interruption ECU matrix as illustrated in FIG. 3 (operation 405) and passes it to the control unit 302. The control unit 302 passes the created instantaneous interruption ECU matrix to the instantaneous interruption cause estimation unit 304.

<Estimation of failure location>
In FIG. 5, the instantaneous interruption cause estimation unit 304 determines whether or not there is “presence” in the “instantaneous interruption occurrence history” section of the instantaneous interruption ECU matrix (operation 501), and if all are “none” (operation). 501), the power supply system is determined to be "normal" (operation 502).

If there is at least one "presence" (YES in operation 501), the momentary interruption cause estimation unit 304 determines whether or not the "instantaneous interruption occurrence history" of all the predetermined ECUs is "presence" (operation 503). ), If the "instantaneous interruption occurrence history" is "yes" in all the predetermined ECUs (YES in operation 503), there is a possibility that the cause is not battery deterioration but, for example, improper installation of battery terminals or wiring, terminal burning, etc. Judged as high (operation 504).

If the "instantaneous interruption occurrence history" is "none" in at least one predetermined ECU (NO in operation 503), the instantaneous interruption cause estimation unit 304 has the "instantaneous interruption occurrence history" of the predetermined ECU with "large" battery deterioration. It is determined whether or not it is "yes" (operation 505). The battery deterioration is determined to be "large" when a momentary interruption occurs in the predetermined ECU having the smallest shutdown voltage, that is, the largest toughness. In the example of FIG. 3, the BRK-ECU is associated with the battery deterioration "large" guideline. If the "instantaneous interruption occurrence history" of the predetermined ECU with "large" battery deterioration is "yes" (YES in operation 505), it is determined that the deterioration of the battery itself is large (operation 506).

If the "instantaneous interruption occurrence history" of the predetermined ECU with "large" battery deterioration is "none" (NO in operation 505), the instantaneous interruption cause estimation unit 304 will perform the "instantaneous interruption occurrence" of the predetermined ECU with "medium" battery deterioration. It is determined whether or not the "history" is "yes" (operation 507). The battery deterioration is determined to be "medium" when a momentary interruption occurs in a predetermined ECU having a medium toughness, which is between the minimum and maximum shutdown generated voltage. In the example of FIG. 3, the ENG-ECU is associated with the "medium" battery deterioration guideline. If the "instantaneous interruption occurrence history" of the predetermined ECU of the battery deterioration "medium" is "yes" (YES in operation 507), it is determined that the battery itself is moderately deteriorated (operation 508).

If the "instantaneous interruption occurrence history" of the predetermined ECU of the battery deterioration "medium" is "none" (NO in operation 507), the instantaneous interruption cause estimation unit 304 does not determine the battery deterioration, for example, "instantaneous interruption occurs". It can be determined that the harness of the individual ECU whose "history" is "Yes" is abnormal (operation 509).

The momentary interruption cause estimation unit 304 determines "normal" (operation 502), battery terminal mounting failure (operation 504), battery deterioration "large" (operation 506), and battery deterioration "medium" (operation 506). According to the operation 508) or the abnormality determination other than the battery deterioration (operation 509), the estimated content is displayed on the multi-information display MID (operation 510), and if there is an abnormality around the power supply, the user is alerted. In addition, by transmitting information on abnormal parts to an inspection service provider such as a car dealer, prompt inspection and repair becomes possible.

2.3) Effect As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, utilizing the fact that the shutdown voltage is different among a plurality of predetermined ECUs used in the vehicle, the shutdown voltage is used at appropriate intervals in a required voltage range. Register a plurality of predetermined ECUs having different shutdown generation voltages. This registration order represents the order of increasing toughness or the order of decreasing toughness with respect to fluctuations in power supply voltage. Therefore, if backup data (power supply momentary interruption history) indicating whether or not the normal shutdown process has been performed is recorded in these predetermined ECUs, it is based on these power supply momentary interruption histories and the magnitude of toughness of each ECU. The cause of power supply system failure (improper installation, burnt terminals, deterioration of the battery itself, harness abnormality, etc.) can be estimated, and prompt inspection and repair are possible.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications are made within the scope of claims and the technical ideas described in the specification and drawings. Is possible.

101 Battery 200 Various ECUs
300 Power supply system failure cause estimation device 301 Transmission / reception unit 302 Control unit 303 Instantaneous interruption ECU matrix creation unit (ECU matrix creation means)
304 Momentary interruption cause estimation unit (failure cause estimation means)
305 Memory 306 Power supply

Claims (9)

A vehicle power supply system failure cause estimation device having a plurality of electronic control units (hereinafter referred to as ECUs) and a power supply unit that supplies power to the plurality of ECUs.
An ECU matrix creating means for inputting backup data from a plurality of predetermined ECUs in the plurality of ECUs and creating a matrix showing the correspondence between the plurality of predetermined ECUs and the respective backup data.
A failure cause estimation means for estimating the failure cause of the power supply system based on whether or not the backup data of each of the plurality of predetermined ECUs indicates a normal shutdown.
A vehicle power supply system failure cause estimation device, characterized in that the shutdown generation voltages when the power supply voltage drops in the plurality of predetermined ECUs are different from each other within a predetermined voltage range. The failure cause estimation means determines that the power supply system is normal if all the backup data of the plurality of predetermined ECUs indicates a normal shutdown, and all the backup data of the plurality of predetermined ECUs indicate an abnormal shutdown. The vehicle power supply system failure cause estimation device according to claim 1, wherein if this is the case, it is determined that the terminal attachment of the power supply system is defective. The failure cause estimation means determines that the deterioration of the battery is moderate if the shutdown voltage of the first ECU among the plurality of predetermined ECUs is a voltage substantially in the center of the predetermined voltage range.
The vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein if the shutdown generation voltage of the second ECU among the plurality of predetermined ECUs is the lowest voltage in the predetermined voltage range, it is determined that the deterioration of the battery is large. Power system failure cause estimation device. The vehicle power supply system failure cause estimation device according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the degree of battery deterioration is pre-written in the matrix according to the shutdown voltage. A method for estimating the cause of a power system failure in a vehicle having a plurality of electronic control units (hereinafter referred to as ECUs) and a power supply unit that supplies power to the plurality of ECUs.
The ECU matrix creating means inputs each backup data from a plurality of predetermined ECUs in the plurality of ECUs, and creates a matrix showing the correspondence between the plurality of predetermined ECUs and the respective backup data.
The failure cause estimation means estimates the failure cause of the power supply system based on whether or not the backup data of each of the plurality of predetermined ECUs indicates a normal shutdown.
A method for estimating the cause of a power system failure of a vehicle, characterized in that the shutdown generation voltages when the power supply voltage drops in the plurality of predetermined ECUs are different from each other within a predetermined voltage range. The failure cause estimation means
If all the backup data of the plurality of predetermined ECUs indicate a normal shutdown, it is determined that the power supply system is normal.
If all the backup data of the plurality of predetermined ECUs indicate an abnormal shutdown, it is determined that the terminal mounting of the power supply system is defective.
The method for estimating the cause of a power system failure of a vehicle according to claim 5. The failure cause estimation means
If the shutdown voltage of the first ECU among the plurality of predetermined ECUs is a voltage substantially in the center of the predetermined voltage range, it is determined that the deterioration of the battery is moderate.
If the shutdown voltage of the second ECU among the plurality of predetermined ECUs is the lowest voltage in the predetermined voltage range, it is determined that the deterioration of the battery is large.
The method for estimating the cause of a power system failure of a vehicle according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the method is characterized by the above. The method for estimating the cause of a power system failure of a vehicle according to any one of claims 5-7, wherein the degree of battery deterioration is written in advance in the matrix according to the shutdown voltage. A program that causes a computer to function as a power supply system failure cause estimation device for a vehicle having a plurality of electronic control units (hereinafter referred to as ECUs) and a power supply unit that supplies power to the plurality of ECUs.
The shutdown generation voltage when the power supply voltage drops in the plurality of predetermined ECUs among the plurality of ECUs is different from each other within the predetermined voltage range, and the backup data of each is input from the plurality of predetermined ECUs, and the plurality of predetermined ECUs are input. And the ECU matrix creation function that creates a matrix showing the correspondence between each backup data and
A failure cause estimation function that estimates the cause of a failure of the power supply system based on whether or not the backup data of each of the plurality of predetermined ECUs indicates a normal shutdown.
A program characterized by realizing the above with the computer.

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