JP2021157928A - Daylighting device presenting heat absorption action of sunlight in winter - Google Patents

Abstract

To attain improvement/enhancement of a life environment in winter, namely, to attain new effective utilization of sunlight in winter at a low elevation angle by supporting processing such as heating, snow melting and dew condensation prevention through an action of transferring heat which is generated on a heat absorption surface of a tabular member for daylighting to a peripheral area, etc.SOLUTION: In a daylighting device, a plurality of tabular members 2 is disposed in a parallel state, the tabular member including a sunlight reflection portion on a mirror surface 2a and a sunlight heat absorption portion on a heat absorption surface 2b on a rear side. For each of the tabular members 2, a side of the heat absorption surface 2b presenting a heat absorption action is set downward and southward, and a side of the mirror surface 2a presenting a reflection action is set upward and northward. The entire tabular member 2 is disposed in a southward and upward tilted mode that sunlight in winter at a low elevation angle reaches the heat absorption portion. Sunlight 5 in southing about at the winter solstice is absorbed by the heat absorption surface 2b, sunlight 6 in southing about at the spring equinox and the autumn equinox and sunlight 7 in southing about at the summer solstice are incident indoors.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

In the present invention, a daylighting device in which a plurality of plate-shaped members having a heat absorbing surface of sunlight and a reflecting surface on the back side thereof are arranged in parallel, particularly, the plate-shaped member is provided with a heat absorbing surface such as a black coated surface. The present invention relates to a daylighting device in which the entire plurality of plate-shaped members are set in a parallel manner in a substantially north-south direction in a plan view.

Here, the upward and north facing surfaces of the plate-shaped members after the parallel setting act as light reflecting surfaces such as a mirror surface, and the downward and south facing surfaces on the back side act as heat absorbing surfaces such as a black painted surface (Fig.). 1).

The plurality of plate-shaped members provide a daylighting device that is long in the east-west direction and juxtaposed in an inclined manner of "south facing heat absorbing surface (north facing reflecting surface) / light incident side rising south". ..

The light collector of the present invention converts winter sunlight with a low elevation angle into the south-facing heat absorbing surface, converts the incident light into heat, and transfers heat to an indoor space or the like (heat conduction, convection or heat radiation). Etc.), and support treatments such as heating, snow melting, and dew condensation prevention peculiar to winter.

Sunlight with a high elevation angle other than in winter is incident on the indoor side through the vertical space area between adjacent plate-shaped members and the north-facing reflective surface.

In the following specifications and drawings, incident sunlight in Japan (Fukui Prefecture) in the Northern Hemisphere is assumed as necessary for convenience of explanation. In the Southern Hemisphere, the north-south positional relationship is reversed.

The applicant has arranged a rectangular plate-shaped member having a light-reflecting surface such as a mirror surface tilted in a predetermined state in the north-south direction, and incident light is reflected in the space area of the adjacent plate-shaped members. We have proposed a daylighting device that allows light to pass through while traveling straight through without reflection (see Patent Document 1 below).

Japanese Patent No. 5499382

This proposed daylighting device has the convenience of being able to widely diffuse the incident sunlight into the indoor space area based on the arrangement of multiple plate-shaped members, and to brighten a wide area indoors while removing glare. It is a thing.

The present invention replaces the idea of the action of a plurality of plate-shaped members of a daylighting device so that the plate-shaped member also produces a heat absorbing action in addition to a normal sunlight reflecting action.

That is, instead of using each of the front and back surfaces of the plate-shaped member only as a light reflecting action surface, a part or all of one surface thereof is set as a heat absorbing surface, and each plate-shaped member is exposed to winter sunlight having a low elevation angle. It is a daylighting device that is inclined and arranged so as to be incident on the heat absorbing surface.

Due to the setting of the heat absorbing surface and the mode of the inclined arrangement, at least the heat in the form of converting the winter sun incident light having a low elevation angle is generated from the plate-shaped member.

The present invention supports treatments such as heating, snow melting, and prevention of dew condensation by transferring the heat generated on the heat absorbing surface of the daylighting plate-shaped member to the surrounding area and the like, and improves the living environment in winter. The purpose is to improve, that is, to make new effective use of low-elevation winter sunlight.

The present invention solves the above problems as follows.
(1) A plurality of plate-shaped members having a sunlight reflecting portion on one surface (for example, a mirror surface 2a described later) and a sunlight heat absorbing portion on the other surface (for example, a heat absorbing surface 2b described later) on the back side thereof (for example, a heat absorbing portion described later). For example, in a lighting device in which plate-shaped members 2) described later are arranged in parallel.
Each of the plate-shaped members
The side of the other surface exhibiting the heat absorbing action is set downward and facing south, and the side of the one surface exhibiting the reflecting action is set facing upward and facing north.
The entire plate-shaped member
The low-elevation winter sunlight is arranged in an upwardly inclined manner to reach the heat absorbing portion.
The one in the configuration mode is used.
(2) In (1) above
The heat absorbing portion of sunlight is
It is a black painted surface specification,
The sunlight reflecting part is
Mirror surface specification,
The one in the configuration mode is used.
(3) In the above (1) and (2),
A cover body (for example, a cover body 4 described later) is provided in the heat absorbing portion so that the heat converted from the sunlight does not escape to the external space area.
The one in the configuration mode is used.
(4) In the above (1), (2), (3),
The plate-shaped member is
A high elevation angle summer sunlight is reflected upward on the upper part of the one surface on the sunlight incident side, and the summer sunlight incident reflection surface for escaping to the upper space area without reaching the heat absorbing portion adjacent to the north side. (For example, the summer sunlight incident reflecting surface 9c described later) is provided.
The one in the configuration mode is used.
(5) In (4) above
The summer sunlight incident reflection surface on the upper part of the one surface is
It is provided in an inclined manner downward from the lower part of the one surface.
The one in the configuration mode is used.

The present invention is intended for a daylighting apparatus having the above configuration.

According to the above-mentioned problem-solving means, the heat generated in the heat absorbing surface of the light collecting plate-shaped member is transferred to the peripheral region (heat conduction, convection, heat radiation, etc.), and the heating in this moving region is performed. It is possible to improve and improve the winter living environment by supporting treatments such as snow melting and dew condensation prevention.

In addition, with the new idea of receiving low elevation angle winter sunlight on the heat absorbing surface of a plate-shaped member in a predetermined inclined state and using the heat transfer from there for heating, snow melting, dew condensation prevention, etc., winter sunlight Effective utilization can be achieved.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the outline | .. It is explanatory drawing which shows the daylighting apparatus arranged near the incident part of the skylight. The simulation results of the incident luminous flux, radiated luminous flux (luminous flux used for light collection) and heat absorption luminous flux (luminous flux used for heat absorption) for each month in the indoor space area of the light collector shown in Fig. 2 are shown. It is explanatory drawing which shows. It is explanatory drawing which shows the daylighting apparatus which used the rectangular member provided with the summer sunlight incident reflection surface.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.

1 and 2 show a daylighting device in which a plurality of rectangular flat plate-shaped members are arranged.

In FIGS. 1 and 2,
1 is a daylighting unit that is set on the roof of a building and exhibits a sunlight incident effect.
Reference numeral 2 denotes a rectangular flat plate-shaped member exhibiting a sunlight reflecting action and a heat absorbing action, and a plurality of plate-shaped members arranged in a parallel manner with the same pitch in the east-west direction, the south rising, and the north-south direction, respectively, in the lighting unit 1. ，
2a is a mirror surface facing upward and north on the front side of the plate-shaped member 2.
2b is a heat absorbing surface made of a selective absorption film obtained by vacuum-depositing black chrome on an aluminum substrate, for example, facing downward and south on the back side of the plate-shaped member 2.
Reference numeral 3 denotes a daylighting unit in which a plurality of, for example, 13 plate-shaped members 2 are arranged as unit elements for "south rising" construction (see FIG. 2).
3a is a rectangular frame body that fixes and holds each of the plate-shaped members 2 inside the lighting unit 3.
Reference numeral 4 denotes a light transmissive cover body set on the self-upper side portion of the daylighting unit 1 in order to prevent the heat converted from sunlight on the heat absorbing surface 2b from escaping to the external space area.
5 is the mid-south sunlight in Fukui prefecture around the winter solstice (elevation angle 30 degrees),
6 is the south-central time sunlight (elevation angle 54 degrees) in Fukui prefecture around the spring equinox and autumn equinox.
7 is the mid-south sunlight in Fukui prefecture around the summer solstice (elevation angle 77 degrees),
Are shown respectively.

again,
W is the so-called surface width of the plate-shaped member 2 in the north-south direction.
L is the length of the plate-shaped member 2 in the east-west direction,
P is the arrangement pitch of the plate-shaped member 2 in the north-south direction,
θ is the arrangement inclination angle of the plate-shaped member 2.
Are shown respectively.

Numerical examples of the surface width W and the like of these plate-shaped members 2 are as follows.
W: 65mm
L: 1200mm
P: 50mm
θ: 60 degrees

This numerical value is only an example, and the arrangement inclination angle θ of the plate-shaped member 2 is appropriately set in the range of “45 degrees or more and less than 90 degrees”.

Here, as the mirror surface 2a of the plate-shaped member 2, for example, an aluminum mirror surface, a stainless steel mirror surface, a resin mirror surface treated with a silver / aluminum vacuum metal vapor-deposited film, a glass mirror surface, or the like is used.

As the heat absorbing surface 2b of the plate-shaped member 2, a selective absorbing film in which black chrome is vacuum-deposited on the above-mentioned aluminum substrate, a black coated plate, or the like is used.

The frame body 3a is made of a metal such as aluminum or stainless steel, or a plastic made of acrylic or polycarbonate. In order to fix the plate-shaped member 2 to the frame body 3a, various fixing means such as screwing, riveting, and gluing are appropriately used.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the upward and north facing surfaces of the plate-shaped members 2 after the parallel setting act as light reflecting surfaces such as the mirror surface 2a, and the downward and south facing surfaces on the back side thereof are black-painted surfaces. Acts as a heat absorbing surface 2b such as.

The low elevation angle of the south-central sunlight 5 around the winter solstice hits the heat absorbing surface 2b of the plate-shaped member 2 and is converted into heat and moves indoors. Since the cover body 4 is provided, the degree to which heat is transferred to the external space area during this heat transfer is small.

Sunlights 6 and 7 with high elevation angles other than in winter are incident on the indoor side through the vertical space area between the adjacent plate-shaped members 2 and 2 and the mirror surface 2a of the north-facing reflecting surface.

FIG. 3 shows a simulation of the amount of luminous flux used for indoor lighting and the amount of luminous flux used for endothermic (heat generation) in the sunlight incident light on a monthly basis (22nd of each month) by the action of the daylighting apparatus of the present invention. It is the result of

In the simulation of FIG.
L1 is the amount of incident luminous flux for one year "22nd of each month" in the indoor space area, and L2 is the amount of luminous flux emitted for "22nd of each month" in the indoor space area for one year (for daylighting).
L3 is the amount of luminous flux absorbed (for heat conversion used) for one year "22nd of each month" in the indoor space area.
Are shown respectively.

What should be watched here is the magnitude relationship between the peak values of the incident luminous flux amount L1, the radiated luminous flux amount L2, and the absorbed luminous flux amount L3 on the simulation target day (22nd of each month). The difference between the incident luminous flux amount L1 and the radiated luminous flux amount L2 corresponds to the absorbed luminous flux amount L3 of the heat absorption action.

According to this simulation, the peak value of the absorbed luminous flux L3, that is, the absorbed luminous flux at [12:00] on the 22nd of each month is approximately "40000" lumens per month in the approximately winter season from October to February. Before and after. During the winter, this amount of luminous flux is converted into heat.

In exchange for the heat conversion of this large amount of incident sunlight, the amount of luminous flux L2 emitted from October to February is at most less than "7000", which is much smaller than in summer (April to August). There is.

In this way, the summer incident light with a high elevation angle does not hit the plate-shaped member 2, or hits the upper surface (surface) thereof and is lit indoors. On the other hand, since the winter incident light having a low elevation angle hits the heat absorbing surface 2b on the lower surface of the plate-shaped member 2, it absorbs and generates heat instead of reflecting the incident light.

The main point of the present invention is that the winter incident light having a low elevation angle hits the heat absorbing surface 2b of the plate-shaped member 2 and is converted into heat.

The simulation results in FIG. 3 outline the magnitude relationship between the radiated luminous flux amount L2 corresponding to the daylighting component and the absorbed luminous flux amount L3 corresponding to the heat conversion component.
(11) From October to February, the heat conversion component (L3) is much larger than the daylighting component (L2). For example, the heat conversion component in December is about 10.5 times the daylighting component.
(12) From April to August, the heat conversion component (L3) is much smaller than the daylighting component (L2). For example, the heat conversion component in June is about 0.3 times the daylighting component.
(13) In both March and September, the difference between the daylighting component (L2) and the heat conversion component (L3) is smaller than in the other months, and the heat conversion component is about "9000" lumens larger than the daylighting component (about 1.3). Double),
It shows that.

FIG. 4 shows a daylighting device in which a plurality of rectangular members provided with a summer sunlight incident reflecting surface are arranged.

In FIG. 4,
8 is a daylighting unit that is set on the roof of a building and exhibits a sunlight incident effect.
Reference numeral 9 denotes a sunlight reflecting action and a heat absorbing action, and is composed of a rectangular member having a vertical "F" -shaped cross section having a crease in the longitudinal direction. Plate-shaped members arranged in parallel with the same pitch in the direction,
9a is a mirror surface facing upward and north on the front side of the plate-shaped member 9.
Reference numeral 9b is a heat absorbing surface made of a selective absorption film obtained by vacuum-depositing black chrome on an aluminum substrate, for example, facing downward and south on the back side of the plate-shaped member 9.
Reference numeral 9c is a portion of the mirror surface 9a above the crease of the plate-shaped member 9, which is a summer sunlight incident reflection surface that reflects incident light having a high elevation angle.
No. 10 is a daylighting unit (see FIG. 4) in which a plurality of plate-shaped members 9 are arranged as unit elements for "south rising" construction, and are set as a whole on the roof of a building or the like in a north rising state.
10a is a rectangular frame body in which each of the plate-shaped members 9 is fixedly held inside the lighting unit 10.
11 is the mid-south sunlight in Fukui prefecture around the winter solstice (elevation angle 30 degrees),
12 is the south-central time sunlight (elevation angle 54 degrees) in Fukui prefecture around the spring equinox and autumn equinox.
13 is the mid-south sunlight in Fukui prefecture around the summer solstice (elevation angle 77 degrees),
Are shown respectively.

again,
W1 is the so-called surface width in the north-south direction of the portion below the crease of the plate-shaped member 9.
W2 is the so-called surface width of the summer sunlight incident reflection surface 9c in the north-south direction.
P1 is the arrangement pitch of the plate-shaped member 9 in the north-south direction.
θ1 is the arrangement inclination angle of the portion below the crease of the plate-shaped member 9.
θ2 is the arrangement inclination angle of the summer sunlight incident reflection surface 9c,
θ3 is the set tilt angle of the entire lighting unit,
Are shown respectively.

Numerical examples of the surface width W1 and the like of these plate-shaped members 9 are as follows.
W1: 72mm
W2: 48mm
P1: 64mm
θ1: 30 degrees θ2: 60 degrees θ3: 9 degrees

Here, as the properties of the plate-shaped member 9 and the frame body 10a, the same properties as those of the plate-shaped member 2 and the frame body 3a described above can be adopted, respectively.

The difference from FIG. 1 is that the plate-shaped member 9 is provided with the summer sunlight incident reflecting surface 9c, and the lighting unit 10 is set so that the arrangement of the plate-shaped member 9 is inclined upward as a whole. be.

Around the winter solstice, the low elevation angle of the south-central sunlight 11 hits the heat absorbing surface 9b of the plate-shaped member 9 and is converted into heat and moved indoors. By providing the cover body 4 described above, it is possible to reduce the degree to which heat is transferred to the external space area during this heat transfer.

The sunlight 12 at an elevation angle other than the summer and winter is incident on the indoor side through the vertical space area between the adjacent plate-shaped members 9 and 9 and the mirror surface 9a of the north-facing reflecting surface.

A part of the high elevation angle south-central sunlight 13 around the summer solstice is reflected upward and northward by the summer sunlight incident reflection surface 9c as shown in the figure, and is not converted into heat or incident on the indoor side. As a result, it is possible to prevent the indoor temperature from rising in summer and reduce the air conditioning cost.

Further, the arrangement of the plate-shaped members 9 is arranged so as to have an upward inclination to the north so that a large amount of sunlight can enter the daylighting unit 10.

It goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, for example.
(21) Attach various types of light ducts to the daylighting units 1 and 8.
(22) The heat absorbing portion of the plate-shaped members 2 and 9 is set as a part of the heat absorbing surfaces 2b and 9b.
(23) Fins of various shapes, electric louvers, etc. are used as the plate-shaped members 2 and 9.
You may do so.

(Figs. 1 and 2)
1: Daylighting unit 2: Plate-shaped member 2a: Mirror surface facing upward / north on the front side 2b: Heat absorbing surface facing downward / south on the back side 3: Daylighting unit (see FIG. 2)
3a: Frame body 4: Cover body 5: Sunlight at mid-south in Fukui prefecture around winter solstice (elevation angle 30 degrees)
6: Sunlight at mid-south in Fukui prefecture around spring and autumn equinox (elevation angle 54 degrees)
7: Sunlight in the south of Fukui prefecture around the summer solstice (elevation angle 77 degrees)
W: North-south surface width of the plate-shaped member L: East-west length of the plate-shaped member P: North-south arrangement pitch of the plate-shaped member θ: Disposition inclination angle of the plate-shaped member

(Fig. 3)
L1: Luminous flux incident on "22nd of each month" for one year in the indoor space L2: Luminous flux emitted on "22nd of each month" for one year in the indoor space (for daylighting)
L3: Absorbed luminous flux amount (for heat conversion used) for one year "22nd of each month" in the indoor space area

(Fig. 4)
8: Daylighting unit 9: Plate-shaped member 9a: Mirror surface facing upward / north on the front side 9b: Heat absorbing surface facing downward / south on the back side 9c: Summer sunlight incident reflecting surface 10: Daylighting unit (see FIG. 4)
10a: Frame 11: Sunlight at mid-south in Fukui prefecture around winter solstice (elevation angle 30 degrees)
12: Sunlight at mid-south in Fukui prefecture around spring and autumn equinox (elevation angle 54 degrees)
13: Sunlight in the south of Fukui prefecture around the summer solstice (elevation angle 77 degrees)
W1: Lower side width in the north-south direction of the portion below the crease of the plate-shaped member W2: Surface width in the north-south direction of the summer sunlight incident reflection surface P1: Arrangement pitch of the plate-shaped member in the north-south direction θ1: Of the plate-shaped member Arrangement inclination angle θ2 of the part below the crease: Arrangement inclination angle θ3 of the summer sunlight incident reflection surface: Set inclination angle of the entire lighting unit

Claims (5)

In a daylighting device in which a plurality of plate-shaped members having a sunlight reflecting portion on one surface and a sunlight heat absorbing portion on the other surface are arranged in parallel.
Each of the plate-shaped members
The side of the other surface exhibiting the heat absorbing action is set downward and facing south, and the side of the one surface exhibiting the reflecting action is set facing upward and facing north.
The entire plate-shaped member
The low elevation angle winter sunlight is arranged in an upwardly inclined manner to reach the heat absorbing portion.
A daylighting device characterized by that. The heat absorbing portion of sunlight is
It is a black painted surface specification,
The sunlight reflecting part is
Mirror surface specification,
The daylighting apparatus according to claim 1. A cover body is provided to prevent the heat converted from the sunlight from escaping to the external space area at the heat absorbing portion.
The daylighting apparatus according to claim 1 or 2. The plate-shaped member is
A high elevation angle summer sunlight is reflected upward on the upper part of the one surface on the sunlight incident side, and the summer sunlight incident reflecting surface for escaping to the upper space area without reaching the heat absorbing portion adjacent to the north side. have,
The daylighting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The summer sunlight incident reflection surface on the upper part of the one surface is
It is provided in an inclined manner downward from the lower part of the one surface.
The daylighting apparatus according to claim 4.

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