JP2021144862A - Management device and power supply system - Google Patents

Abstract

To ensure reliability of values of SOH of a plurality of power storage modules which are held in a management device.SOLUTION: An acquisition unit of a management device (30) for managing a power storage system (20) including a plurality of power storage modules (M1-M16) acquires input values of SOH (State Of Health) of the power storage modules after exchange which are input from a terminal device (2) of an operator when at least one of the plurality of power storage modules (M1-M16) is exchanged. An estimation unit of the management device (30) applies a current to the power storage module after exchange, and estimates the SOH of the power storage module after exchange based on a voltage value and a current value measured while a current is caused to flow. A determination unit of the management device (30) compares the input value of the SOH of the power storage module after exchange with an estimated value, and makes the input value effective when the difference between both the values is within a predetermined value or makes the input value invalid when the difference between both the values exceeds the predetermined value.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present disclosure relates to a management device and a power supply system of a power storage system including a plurality of power storage modules.

In recent years, the capacities of batteries mounted on hybrid vehicles (HVs), plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHVs), and electric vehicles (EVs) have been increasing. Along with this, the number of battery modules constituting the battery system is also increasing. It is uneconomical to replace the entire battery system when a problem occurs in a specific battery module constituting the battery system or when only a specific battery module is deteriorated more than other battery modules. Therefore, a mechanism for replacing each battery module is required.

Here, the replacement of the battery module includes not only the replacement with a new battery module but also the replacement of the arrangement between the battery modules constituting the battery system. Due to environmental factors in the battery system (eg, temperature distribution), deterioration may vary among the plurality of battery modules in the battery system. In that case, the variation in deterioration can be leveled by exchanging the arrangement between the battery modules.

A capacity retention rate (SOH) index is usually used to control the deterioration of the battery module. SOH is defined by the ratio of the current FCC to the initial full charge capacity (FCC), and the lower the value (closer to 0%), the more the deterioration progresses. The SOH is managed by a BMU (Battery Management Unit) that manages a plurality of battery modules. In in-vehicle applications, the BMU is also referred to as a battery ECU (Electronic Control Unit). When the battery module is replaced, it is necessary to rewrite the SOH value of the corresponding battery module in the BMU.

Various methods can be considered as a method for confirming the certainty of the SOH value of the rewritten battery module. As a first method, after replacing the battery module, a method of running the vehicle, measuring the voltage change and the current change of the battery module after the replacement, and automatically learning can be considered. In this method, it takes several tens of trips for learning, and it takes time for the SOH value managed in the BMU to reach the actual value.

As a second method, a method is conceivable in which the replaced battery module is completely charged and discharged to obtain the FCC of the replaced battery module, and the SOH is estimated from the FCC. With this method, it takes time and electricity to completely charge and discharge the battery module.

As a third method, it is conceivable to directly rewrite the SOH value managed in the BMU by using a diagnostic tool. This method does not require charging and discharging of the battery module, and the working time is short.

Patent Document 1 discloses a method of determining whether or not a battery module has been taken out from an assembled battery and used by being incorporated in another assembled battery for unauthorized use. This method is for ensuring the reliability of the battery module as a genuine product, and does not guarantee the reliability of the SOH value managed in the BMU.

International Publication No. 2014/027509

In the third method, the operator may erroneously enter the SOH value after replacing the battery module. In addition, the operator may mistakenly rewrite the SOH value of the battery module that has not been replaced among the plurality of battery modules. In addition, after replacing the battery module, the operator may forget to enter the SOH value. It is also possible that the SOH value may be rewritten to an arbitrary value or left unattended due to unauthorized use.

The present disclosure has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a technique for ensuring the reliability of SOH values of a plurality of power storage modules held in a management device.

In order to solve the above problems, the management device of a certain aspect of the present disclosure is a management device that manages a power storage system including a plurality of power storage modules, and when at least one of the plurality of power storage modules is replaced, the operator A current is passed through the acquisition unit that acquires the SOH (State Of Health) input value of the replacement power storage module input from the terminal device and the replacement power storage module, and the voltage value measured with the current flowing. And the current value, the estimation unit that estimates the SOH of the power storage module after replacement is compared with the input value and the estimated value of the SOH of the power storage module after replacement, and the difference between the two is within a predetermined value. When the input value is valid, the determination unit is provided, and when the deviation between the two exceeds the predetermined value, the input value is invalidated.

According to the present disclosure, the reliability of the SOH value of a plurality of power storage modules held in the management device can be ensured.

It is a figure which shows the schematic structure of the electric vehicle which mounts the power supply system which concerns on embodiment. It is a figure which shows the configuration example of the battery module and the measurement part of a management device. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the processing part and the storage part of a management device, and the diagnostic device. It is a flowchart which shows the process flow of the management apparatus at the time of battery module replacement which concerns on Example 1. FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the process flow of the management apparatus at the time of battery module replacement which concerns on the modification of Example 1. FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the process flow of the management apparatus at the time of battery module replacement which concerns on Example 2. FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the process flow of the management apparatus at the time of battery module replacement which concerns on Example 3. FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the process flow of the management apparatus at the time of battery module exchange which concerns on Example 4. FIG.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an electric vehicle 1 on which the power supply system 10 according to the embodiment is mounted. The electric vehicle 1 may be any of a hybrid vehicle (HV), a plug-in hybrid vehicle (PHV), and an electric vehicle (EV). In the following description, a pure EV without an internal combustion engine is assumed.

The electric vehicle 1 includes a power supply system 10, a vehicle control unit 40, an inverter 50, and a motor 60. The power supply system 10 includes a battery system 20 and a management device 30. The battery system 20 is configured by connecting a plurality of battery modules. FIG. 1 shows a battery system 20 composed of 16 battery modules M1-M16 in which four parallel modules connected in parallel are connected in series. The number of battery modules constituting the battery system 20 and the connection form of the plurality of battery modules are not limited to the example shown in FIG. The connection form of the plurality of battery modules may be a series connection, a parallel connection, or a series-parallel connection.

The management device 30 is a BMU that manages a plurality of battery modules M1-M16. The management device 30 includes a measurement unit 31, a processing unit 32, and a storage unit 33 (see FIGS. 2 and 3). Details of the management device 30 will be described later.

The battery system 20 is connected to the motor 60 via the relay RY1 and the inverter 50. The inverter 50 converts the DC power supplied from the battery system 20 into AC power and supplies it to the motor 60 during power running. At the time of regeneration, the AC power supplied from the motor 60 is converted into DC power and supplied to the battery system 20. The motor 60 is a three-phase AC motor, and rotates according to the AC power supplied from the inverter 50 during power running. At the time of regeneration, the rotational energy due to deceleration is converted into AC power and supplied to the inverter 50.

The vehicle control unit 40 is a vehicle ECU (Electronic Control Unit) that controls the entire electric vehicle 1, and may be composed of, for example, an integrated VCM (Vehicle Control Module). The relay RY1 is a contactor inserted between the wirings connecting the battery system 20 and the inverter 50. The vehicle control unit 40 controls the relay RY1 in an on state (closed state) during traveling, and electrically connects the battery system 20 and the power system of the electric vehicle 1. In principle, the vehicle control unit 40 controls the relay RY1 to an off state (open state) when the vehicle is not traveling, and electrically shuts off the power system of the battery system 20 and the electric vehicle 1. Instead of the relay, another type of switch such as a semiconductor switch may be used.

The diagnostic device 2 is a dedicated scanning tool used for maintenance and maintenance of the electric vehicle 1. For example, a diagnostic tester can be used as the diagnostic device 2. The diagnostic tester is connected to the vehicle control unit 40 in the electric vehicle 1 by, for example, attaching an OBC2 (On Board Diagnosis second generation) cable to the DLC (Data link coupler) connector provided in the electric vehicle 1. .. As the diagnostic device 2, a general-purpose information terminal device such as a PC, tablet, or smartphone may be used instead of the diagnostic tester. Further, one diagnostic device 2 may be configured by linking a diagnostic tester and a general-purpose information terminal device.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the battery module M1 and the measurement unit 31 of the management device 30. The battery module M1 includes a plurality of cells E1-En connected in series. As the cell, a lithium ion battery cell, a nickel hydrogen battery cell, a lead battery cell or the like can be used. Hereinafter, in the present specification, an example in which a lithium ion battery cell (nominal voltage: 3.6-3.7 V) is used is assumed.

Shunt resistors Rs are connected in series with a plurality of cells E1-En. The shunt resistor Rs functions as a current detection element. A Hall element may be used instead of the shunt resistor Rs. Further, a plurality of temperature sensors T1 and T2 for detecting the temperatures of the plurality of cells E1-En are installed in the battery module M1. One temperature sensor may be installed in the battery module, or one temperature sensor may be installed in each of a plurality of cells. For example, a thermistor can be used for the temperature sensors T1 and T2.

The measuring unit 31 includes a voltage measuring unit 31a, a temperature measuring unit 31b, and a current measuring unit 31c. The voltage measuring unit 31a and each node of the plurality of cells E1-En connected in series are connected by a plurality of voltage measuring lines. The voltage measuring unit 31a measures the voltage of each cell E1-En by measuring the voltage between two adjacent voltage measuring lines. The voltage measuring unit 31a can be composed of an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) or a general-purpose analog front-end IC. The voltage measuring unit 31a includes a multiplexer and an A / D converter. The multiplexer outputs the voltage between two adjacent voltage measuring lines to the A / D converter in order from the top. The A / D converter converts the analog voltage input from the multiplexer into a digital value.

The temperature measuring unit 31b includes a voltage dividing resistor and an A / D converter. The A / D converter sequentially converts a plurality of analog voltages divided by a plurality of temperature sensors T1 and T2 and a plurality of voltage dividing resistors into digital values.

The current measuring unit 31c includes a differential amplifier and an A / D converter. The differential amplifier amplifies the voltage across the shunt resistor Rs and outputs it to the A / D converter. The A / D converter converts the voltage input from the differential amplifier into a digital value.

The measuring unit 31 shown in FIG. 2 is installed for each battery module M1-M16. It should be noted that one measuring unit 31 may be configured to measure the voltage, temperature, and current of a plurality of (for example, two) battery modules.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the processing unit 32 and the storage unit 33 of the management device 30 and the diagnostic device 2. The diagnostic device 2 includes a display unit 2a, a processing unit 2b, and an operation unit 2c. The function of the processing unit 2b can be realized only by the cooperation of the hardware resource and the software resource or only the hardware resource. The display unit 2a includes a display such as a liquid crystal display or an organic EL display, and displays an image generated by the processing unit 2b. The operation unit 2c is a user interface such as a button or a touch panel, and receives an operation of a worker who replaces the battery module of the power supply system 10.

The processing unit 32 of the management device 30 is composed of at least one CPU. It may be composed of one integrated CPU, or may be composed of a combination of one main CPU and a plurality of sub CPUs. When the plurality of battery modules M1-M16 are divided into a plurality of groups, the sub CPUs are installed in each group.

The processing unit 32 includes an acquisition unit 32a, an estimation unit 32b, a determination unit 32c, and a notification unit 32d. The acquisition unit 32a, the estimation unit 32b, the determination unit 32c, and the notification unit 32d are each realized by the cooperation of hardware resources and software resources (for example, firmware).

The storage unit 33 is composed of a non-volatile memory (for example, an EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), a flash memory). The storage unit 33 includes a SOH holding unit 33a, a SOH-IR (Internal Resistance) characteristic holding unit 33b, and an SOC (State Of Charge) -OCV (Open Circuit Voltage) characteristic holding unit 33c.

The SOH holding unit 33a holds the SOH value of each battery module M1-M16 constituting the battery system 20. The SOH-IR characteristic holding unit 33b holds the SOH-IR characteristic that defines the correlation between the SOH of the cell and the internal resistance as a table or a function. The SOH-IR characteristics may be mapped for each temperature category. The internal resistance of the cell increases as the SOH decreases, and decreases as the temperature increases. The SOC-OCV characteristic holding unit 33c holds the SOC-OCV characteristic (SOC-OCV curve) that defines the relationship between the SOC and OCV of the cell as a table or a function. The SOC-OCV characteristics may be mapped for each temperature category. The SOH-IR characteristics and SOC-OCV characteristics are created in advance by the battery manufacturer and registered in the non-volatile memory at the time of shipment.

The acquisition unit 32a of the processing unit 32 acquires the voltage, temperature, and current of the plurality of cells E1-En of each battery module M1-M16 from the plurality of measurement units 31. Further, the acquisition unit 32a acquires the value input from the diagnostic device 2 via the vehicle control unit 40. The vehicle control unit 40 and the processing unit 32 of the management device 30 are connected by an in-vehicle network. For example, CAN (Controller Area Network) or LIN (Local Interconnect Network) can be used as the in-vehicle network.

The estimation unit 32b estimates the SOC and SOH of each cell E1-En based on the voltage, temperature, and current of the plurality of cells E1-En of each battery module M1-M16. The estimation unit 32b can estimate the SOC by the OCV method or the current integration method. In the OCV method, the estimation unit 32b of each cell E1-En is based on the OCV of each cell E1-En measured by the voltage measurement unit 31a and the SOC-OCV characteristics held by the SOC-OCV characteristic holding unit 33c. Estimate SOC. In the current integration method, the estimation unit 32b estimates the SOC of each cell E1-En based on the OCV at the start of charging / discharging of each cell E1-En and the integrated value of the current measured by the current measurement unit 31c.

The estimation unit 32b measures the internal resistance of each cell E1-En, and determines the SOH of each cell E1-En based on the measured internal resistance and the SOC-IR characteristics held in the SOH-IR characteristic holding unit 33b. Can be estimated. The internal resistance of each cell E1-En can be estimated by dividing the voltage drop generated when a predetermined current is passed through each cell E1-En for a predetermined time by the current value. The estimation unit 32b determines the voltage of each cell E1-En measured before a predetermined current flows through each cell E1-En, and the voltage and current of each cell E1-En measured with the current flowing. Based on this, the internal resistance of each cell E1-En can be measured.

Further, the estimation unit 32b can also estimate the FCC of each cell E1-En and estimate the SOH of each cell E1-En from the estimated FCC (see the following (formula 1)). The FCC of each cell E1-En can be calculated by the following (Equation 2).
SOH = current FCC / initial FCC ... (Equation 1)
FCC = Q / ΔSOC ・ ・ ・ (Equation 2)

ΔSOC is the difference between the two SOCs corresponding to the two OCVs measured before the start of charging and discharging and after the end of charging and discharging. The two-point SOC can be estimated based on the two-point OCV and the SOC-OCV curve. Q is the integrated value (= charge / discharge capacity) of the current measured during the period between the two points where the OCVs of the two points were acquired.

Up to now, an example in which the estimation unit 32b estimates SOC and SOH on a cell-by-cell basis has been described. In this regard, the SOC-OCV characteristic holding unit 33c may hold the SOC-OCV characteristics in module units in advance, and the estimation unit 32b may estimate the SOC in module units. Similarly, the SOH-IR characteristic holding unit 33b may hold the SOH-IR characteristic for each module in advance, and the estimation unit 32b may estimate the SOH for each module. Further, the estimation unit 32b may estimate the SOC of the module unit based on the plurality of SOCs estimated in the cell unit, or estimate the SOH of the module unit based on the plurality of SOH estimated in the cell unit. May be good.

The estimation unit 32b writes the estimated SOH value of each battery module M1-M16 in the SOH holding unit 33a. The estimation unit 32b periodically estimates the SOH of all the battery modules M1-M16. Further, the estimation unit 32b estimates the SOH of the replaced battery module or the SOH of all the battery modules M1-M16 after the replacement of at least one battery module constituting the battery system 20.

The operator who replaces the battery module inputs the SOH value of the replaced battery module into the operation unit 2c of the diagnostic device 2. The input SOH value is transmitted to the processing unit 32 of the management device 30 via the vehicle control unit 40.

When the battery module is replaced, the determination unit 32c determines the SOH value (input value) of the replaced battery module input from the diagnostic device 2 and the SOH of the replaced battery module estimated by the estimation unit 32b. Compare values (estimated values). When the deviation between the input value and the estimated value is within a predetermined value (for example, 5%), the determination unit 32c makes it effective to rewrite the SOH value of the replaced battery module to the input value from the diagnostic device 2. do. The determination unit 32c rewrites the SOH value of the corresponding battery module of the SOH holding unit 33a to the SOH value input from the diagnostic device 2.

When the deviation between the input value and the estimated value exceeds a predetermined value, the determination unit 32c invalidates the rewriting of the SOH value of the replaced battery module to the input value from the diagnostic device 2. In this case, the determination unit 32c does not rewrite the SOH value of the corresponding battery module of the SOH holding unit 33a to the input value. The determination unit 32c may rewrite the SOH value of the corresponding battery module to the SOH value estimated by the estimation unit 32b, or obtains an input value in which the deviation between the input value and the estimated value is within a predetermined value. Rewriting may be suspended until

In the latter setting, the notification unit 32d sends a message indicating that the SOH value of the replaced battery module is incorrect and a message prompting the replacement of the SOH value of the battery module to be re-entered. Notify to. When the processing unit 2b of the diagnostic device 2 receives the message from the processing unit 32 of the management device 30, the processing unit 2b causes the display unit 2a to display the message. When the diagnostic device 2 is equipped with a speaker, the processing unit 2b may output the message by voice from the speaker.

Further, when at least one of the battery modules is replaced, the determination unit 32c determines the SOH value (holding value) held in the SOH holding unit 33a for each of the plurality of battery modules M1-M16 constituting the battery system 20. , The SOH value (estimated value) estimated by the estimation unit 32b is compared. The determination unit 32c determines that the battery module in which the deviation between the holding value and the estimated value exceeds a predetermined value (for example, 5%) is a battery module in which replacement has occurred.

The notification unit 32d notifies the diagnostic device 2 of a message prompting the input of the SOH value of the battery module, including the identification number of the battery module determined to have been replaced. When the processing unit 2b of the diagnostic device 2 receives the message from the processing unit 32 of the management device 30, the processing unit 2b causes the display unit 2a to display the message.

Further, when at least one of the battery modules is replaced, the determination unit 32c is based on the average value of the SOH values (holding values) held in the SOH holding units 33a of all the battery modules M1-M16 and the estimation unit 32b. The average value of the estimated SOH values (estimated values) is compared. When the average value of the holding values is larger than the average value of the estimated values, the determination unit 32c determines that the battery module has been illegally replaced. Instead of comparing the average value of the holding value and the estimated value, the total value of both may be compared. When the determination unit 32c determines that the battery module has been replaced improperly, the determination unit 32c invalidates the rewriting of the SOH value of the replaced battery module to the input value input from the diagnostic device 2.

Further, when one of the battery modules is replaced, the determination unit 32c sets the average value of the SOH of all the battery modules M1-M16 and the SOH value of each battery module M1-M16 estimated by the estimation unit 32b, respectively. compare. The determination unit 32c determines that the battery module having the SOH value having the largest deviation from the average value of SOH is the replaced battery module.

The notification unit 32d notifies the diagnostic device 2 of a message prompting the input of the SOH value of the battery module, including the identification number of the battery module determined to have been replaced. When the processing unit 2b of the diagnostic device 2 receives the message from the processing unit 32 of the management device 30, the processing unit 2b causes the display unit 2a to display the message.

(Example 1)
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a processing flow of the management device 30 at the time of battery module replacement according to the first embodiment. When the physical replacement work of the battery module by the operator is completed (Y in S10), the estimation unit 32b passes a current through at least the replaced battery module and measures the internal resistance of the replaced battery module (S11). ). The current may flow only through the replaced battery module, through all battery modules, or through some battery modules including the replaced battery module.

For example, when the electric vehicle 1 is connected to an external charger, a charging current can be passed from the external charger to at least the replaced battery module. When the electric vehicle 1 is not connected to the external charger, a discharge current can be passed from the replaced battery module to, for example, the discharge resistor used for the equalization process.

The estimation unit 32b estimates the SOH value of the replaced battery module from the measured internal resistance of the replaced battery module with reference to the SOH-IR characteristics held by the SOH-IR characteristic holding unit 33b ( S12). The acquisition unit 32a acquires the SOH value of the replaced battery module input by the operator from the diagnostic device 2 (S13).

The determination unit 32c determines whether or not the deviation between the SOH value estimated by the estimation unit 32b and the SOH value acquired from the diagnostic apparatus 2 is within a predetermined value (for example, 5%) (S14). ). If it is within the predetermined value (Y in S14), the determination unit 32c updates the SOH value of the corresponding battery module of the SOH holding unit 33a to the value input from the diagnostic device 2 (S15). When the value exceeds a predetermined value (N in S14), the notification unit 32d notifies the diagnostic device 2 of a message prompting the re-input of the SOH value of the replaced battery module (S16).

For example, when the SOH value estimated by the estimation unit 32b is 50% and the SOH value acquired from the diagnostic apparatus 2 is 100%, a message prompting re-input is notified. When the SOH value estimated by the estimation unit 32b is 95 to 100% and the SOH value obtained from the diagnostic device 2 is 100%, the SOH value of the corresponding battery module of the SOH holding unit 33a becomes 100%. Can be rewritten.

(Modified Example 1)
FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a processing flow of the management device 30 at the time of battery module replacement according to a modified example of the first embodiment. The flowchart according to the modified example of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 5 differs from the flowchart shown in FIG. 4 only in the process of step S16. When the deviation between the SOH value estimated by the estimation unit 32b and the SOH value acquired from the diagnostic device 2 exceeds a predetermined value (N in S14), the determination unit 32c is replaced with the SOH holding unit 33a. The SOH value of the battery module is updated to the SOH value estimated from the internal resistance by the estimation unit 32b (S16a).

For example, when the SOH value estimated by the estimation unit 32b is 50% and the SOH value acquired from the diagnostic device 2 is 100%, the SOH value of the corresponding battery module of the SOH holding unit 33a becomes 50%. Can be rewritten.

(Example 2)
FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a processing flow of the management device 30 at the time of battery module replacement according to the second embodiment. When the physical replacement work of the battery module by the operator is completed (Y in S20), the estimation unit 32b applies a current to all the battery modules and measures the internal resistance of each battery module (S21). The estimation unit 32b estimates the SOH value of each battery module from the measured internal resistance of each battery module with reference to the SOH-IR characteristic held by the SOH-IR characteristic holding unit 33b (S22).

The determination unit 32c sets the parameter i to 1 as an initial value (S23). The estimation unit 32b determines whether or not the parameter i exceeds the number of battery modules constituting the battery system 20 (16 in the example of FIG. 1) (S24). When the parameter i does not exceed the number of battery modules (N in S24), the determination unit 32c determines the value of the SOH held in the SOH holding unit 33a of the battery module i and the SOH estimated by the estimation unit 32b. It is determined whether or not the deviation from the value is equal to or greater than a predetermined value (for example, 1 to 5%) (S25).

When the deviation of the battery module i is equal to or greater than a predetermined value (Y in S25), the notification unit 32d notifies the diagnostic device 2 of a message prompting the input of the SOH value of the battery module i (S26). When the deviation of the battery module i is less than a predetermined value (N in S25), the process of step S26 is skipped. The determination unit 32c increments the parameter i. (S27). The transition to step S24. When the parameter i exceeds the number of battery modules (Y in S24), the process ends.

For example, when the SOH value held in the SOH holding unit 33a of the battery module i is 70% and the SOH value estimated by the estimating unit 32b is also 70%, the battery module i is not replaced. Is determined. Further, when the SOH value held in the SOH holding unit 33a of the battery module i is 70% and the SOH value estimated by the estimation unit 32b is 100%, the battery module i is replaced with the replaced battery module. It is judged.

(Example 3)
FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a processing flow of the management device 30 at the time of battery module replacement according to the third embodiment. When the physical replacement work of the battery modules by the operator is completed (Y in S30), the estimation unit 32b passes a current through all the battery modules and measures the internal resistance of each battery module (S31). The estimation unit 32b estimates the SOH value of each battery module from the measured internal resistance of each battery module with reference to the SOH-IR characteristic held in the SOH-IR characteristic holding unit 33b (S32).

The estimation unit 32b calculates the average value of the SOH values of all the estimated battery modules (S33). The determination unit 32c calculates the average value of the SOH values of all the battery modules held in the SOH holding unit 33a (S34).

The determination unit 32c compares the average value of the SOH holding values with the average value of the SOH estimated values (S35). When the average value of the SOH holding values is larger than the average value of the SOH estimated values (Y in S35), the determination unit 32c determines that the illegal battery module has been replaced and is held by the SOH holding unit 33a. Rewriting the SOH value of the battery module from the diagnostic device 2 is prohibited (S36). When the average value of the SOH holding values is equal to or less than the average value of the SOH estimated values (N in S35), the determination unit 32c determines that a legitimate battery module has been replaced and is held by the SOH holding unit 33a. Rewriting the SOH value of the battery module from the diagnostic device 2 is permitted (S37).

For example, when the average value of the SOH holding values is 58% and the average value of the SOH estimated values is 46%, rewriting of the SOH value is prohibited. When the average value of the SOH holding values is 58% and the average value of the SOH estimated values is 66%, the rewriting of the SOH value is permitted.

(Example 4)
FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a processing flow of the management device 30 at the time of battery module replacement according to the fourth embodiment. In the fourth embodiment, it is assumed that one battery module is replaced. When the physical replacement work of the battery module by the operator is completed (Y in S40), the estimation unit 32b passes a current through all the battery modules and measures the internal resistance of each battery module (S41). The estimation unit 32b estimates the SOH value of each battery module from the measured internal resistance of each battery module with reference to the SOH-IR characteristic held by the SOH-IR characteristic holding unit 33b (S42).

The estimation unit 32b calculates the average value of the SOH values of all the estimated battery modules (S43). The determination unit 32c compares the average value of the SOH values of all the battery modules estimated by the estimation unit 32b with the SOH value of each battery module, and the battery module having the SOH value most deviated from the average value. (S44). The notification unit 32d notifies the diagnostic device 2 of a message prompting the input of the SOH value of the specified battery module (S45).

For example, the average SOH value of all (for example, 3) battery modules is 76%, the SOH value of the battery module (1) is 70%, the SOH value of the battery module (2) is 60%, and the battery. When the SOH value of the module (3) is 100%, the battery module (3) is determined to be a replaced battery module, and a message prompting the input of the SOH value of the battery module (3) is notified.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the reliability of the SOH value of each battery module held in the management device 30 is ensured when at least one battery module constituting the battery system is replaced. can do.

In the first embodiment, even if an operator inputs an erroneous SOH value from the diagnostic device 2 after replacing the battery module, the SOH value of the corresponding battery module held in the SOH holding unit 33a is an erroneous value. It can be prevented from being rewritten to.

Further, in the first embodiment, even if the operator mistakenly tries to rewrite the SOH value of a different target battery module from the diagnostic device 2 after replacing the battery module, the different battery module held in the SOH holding unit 33a is held. It is possible to prevent the SOH value of the above from being rewritten. In particular, when a plurality of battery modules are replaced with new ones or when the arrangements of the plurality of battery modules are exchanged, the operator may mistakenly try to rewrite the SOH value of a different target battery module.

In the case of the power supply system 10 in which the SOC-OCV curve is updated according to the SOH value, if the SOH value is incorrect, the correct SOC cannot be calculated. For example, if the SOC is calculated to be lower than the actual value, even if the electric vehicle 1 is actually capable of traveling, it is determined that the voltage is insufficient, and the electric vehicle 1 may stop traveling. On the other hand, according to the first embodiment, it is possible to prevent a large deviation between the actual SOH value of the battery module and the SOH value of the battery module held in the SOH holding unit 33a.

In the second and fourth embodiments, it is possible to prevent the operator from forgetting to input the SOH value of the replaced battery module from the diagnostic device 2 after the battery module is replaced. Even if the battery module is replaced with a new one, if the SOH value is not updated, the cruising range will be the same as before the replacement in terms of management. Even if the management device 30 is equipped with a function for automatically learning the SOH value, the SOH value held in the SOH holding unit 33a does not converge to the actual value until several tens of trips have been traveled. .. During that time, the cruising range will continue to be underestimated.

In the third embodiment, it is possible to prevent the SOH value from being illegally rewritten when the operator illegally replaces the battery module with a battery module having a small capacity. If the SOH value is illegally rewritten, the driver cannot recognize that the battery module has been illegally replaced with a battery module having a smaller capacity from the life of the battery system displayed on the instrument panel. In the third embodiment, when the battery module is illegally replaced with a battery module having a small capacity, the life of the battery system displayed on the instrument panel is not extended, so that the driver has not completed the replacement of the battery module normally. Can be recognized.

The present disclosure has been described above based on the embodiment. Embodiments are examples, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications are possible for each of these components and combinations of processing processes, and that such modifications are also within the scope of the present disclosure. ..

In Examples 1-4 shown in FIGS. 4 to 8, an example in which the estimation unit 32b measures the internal resistance of the battery module to estimate the SOH of the battery module has been described. In this regard, the estimation unit 32b may estimate the FCC of the battery module to estimate the SOH of the battery module. In that case, the battery module is charged for a few percent of the SOC, and the FCC is estimated based on the rate of increase in the SOC and the integrated charge amount during that period. Further, the battery module is discharged for several% of SOC, and the FCC is estimated based on the rate of decrease in SOC and the integrated amount of discharge during that period.

Further, the SOH holding unit 33a may hold the value of the internal resistance of each battery module M1-M16 in addition to the value of the SOH of each battery module M1-M16 constituting the battery system 20. In that case, the following replacement is possible.

In Example 2, the determination unit 32c compared the value of SOH held in the SOH holding unit 33a of the battery module i with the value of SOH estimated by the estimation unit 32b. In this regard, the determination unit 32c may compare the value of the internal resistance held in the SOH holding unit 33a of the battery module i with the value of the internal resistance estimated by the estimation unit 32b. In the third embodiment, the determination unit 32c sets the average value of the SOH values of all the battery modules held in the SOH holding unit 33a and the average value of the SOH values of all the battery modules estimated by the estimation unit 32b. Compared. In this regard, the determination unit 32c sets the average value of the internal resistance values of all the battery modules held in the SOH holding unit 33a and the average value of the internal resistance values of all the battery modules estimated by the estimation unit 32b. You may compare. In Example 4, the determination unit 32c compared the average value of the SOH values of all the battery modules estimated by the estimation unit 32b with the SOH value of each battery module. In this regard, the determination unit 32c may compare the average value of the internal resistance values of all the battery modules estimated by the estimation unit 32b with the internal resistance value of each battery module.

Further, in the fourth embodiment, the determination unit 32c compares the average value of the SOH values of all the battery modules estimated by the estimation unit 32b with the SOH value of each battery module, and deviates most from the average value. A battery module with a SOH value was identified as a replaced battery module. In this regard, the determination unit 32c compares the average value of the voltage values of all the battery modules measured by the voltage measurement unit 31a with the voltage value of each battery module, and the battery having the voltage value most deviating from the average value. The module may be identified as a replaced battery module.

Further, an identification tag may be attached to each battery module M1-M16 constituting the battery system 20. As the identification tag, a barcode, QR code (registered trademark), RFID (Radio Frequency IDentification), or the like can be used. The storage unit 33 holds a table in which the connection positions of the battery modules M1-M16 and the tag information are associated with each other. The operator who replaces the battery module uses a dedicated tag reader or smartphone linked with the diagnostic device 2 to read the identification tag of the battery module before replacement. The diagnostic device 2 notifies the processing unit 32 of the management device 30 of the read tag information. The processing unit 32 can refer to the above table based on the tag information received from the diagnostic apparatus 2, and identify the battery module corresponding to the tag information as the battery module to be replaced.

Further, after the replacement of the battery module, all the battery modules M1-M16 can be discharged, and the replacement of the battery module can be detected based on the time when the voltage drops to a predetermined voltage value. For example, when one battery module is replaced, the determination unit 32c identifies the battery module in which the voltage drops to a predetermined voltage value for the longest time as the replaced battery module.

In Examples 2 and 4, after the battery module replaced by the determination unit 32c is specified, the notification unit 32d notifies the diagnostic device 2 of a message prompting the input of the SOH value of the specified battery module. At that time, the determination unit 32c may set an error flag in the management information of the specified battery module and control the electric vehicle 1 in a non-travelable state until the SOH value of the battery module is rewritten.

Further, after the replaced battery module is identified by the determination unit 32c, the notification unit 32d may notify the diagnostic device 2 of a message prompting the test run of the electric vehicle 1. When the operator makes a test run, the management device 30 can automatically learn the SOH value of the replaced battery module. Further, after the replaced battery module is identified by the determination unit 32c, the notification unit 32d may notify the diagnostic device 2 of a message prompting the execution of full charge / discharge. As a result, the FCC value of the battery module after replacement can be obtained, and the SOH value can be estimated from the FCC.

Further, a replacement detection lamp may be installed on the instrument panel, and the determination unit 32c may turn on the replacement detection lamp when the replacement of the battery module is detected. This makes it possible for the driver to recognize that the battery module has been replaced.

In the above-described embodiment, an example in which the diagnostic device 2 and the management device 30 are connected via the vehicle control unit 40 has been described. In this regard, when the diagnostic device 2 is a general-purpose information terminal device such as a PC, tablet, or smartphone, the diagnostic device 2 and the management device 30 may be directly connected by wireless communication. Bluetooth (registered trademark), Wi-Fi (registered trademark), infrared communication, etc. can be used as wireless communication.

In the above-described embodiment, an example of using a battery system 20 including a battery module including a lithium ion battery cell, a nickel hydrogen battery cell, a lead battery cell, and the like has been described. In this regard, a capacitor system including a capacitor module including an electric double layer capacitor cell, a lithium ion capacitor cell and the like may be used. In this specification, the battery system and the capacitor system are collectively referred to as a power storage system.

The embodiment may be specified by the following items.

[Item 1]
A management device (30) that manages a power storage system (20) including a plurality of power storage modules (M1-M16).
An acquisition unit that acquires the SOH (State Of Health) input value of the replaced power storage module, which is input from the operator's terminal device (2) when at least one of the plurality of power storage modules (M1-M16) is replaced. (32a) and
A current is passed through the power storage module after replacement, and an estimation unit (32b) that estimates the SOH of the power storage module after replacement based on the voltage value and the current value measured in the state where the current is flowing.
The SOH input value and the estimated value of the power storage module after the replacement are compared, and the input value is valid when the difference between the two is within a predetermined value, and the input value is invalid when the difference between the two exceeds the predetermined value. Judgment unit (32c)
A management device (30).
According to this, the certainty of the SOH value input from the terminal device (2) can be confirmed, and it is possible to prevent the SOH value from being rewritten to an erroneous SOH value.
[Item 2]
The management device (32c) according to item 1, wherein the determination unit (32c) uses the estimated value as an update value of the SOH of the power storage module after the replacement when the deviation between the two exceeds the predetermined value. 30).
According to this, it is possible to prevent the SOH value of the power storage module after replacement from being rewritten to an erroneous value.
[Item 3]
A management device (30) that manages a power storage system (20) including a plurality of power storage modules (M1-M16).
A holding unit (33a) that holds at least one value of SOH (State Of Health) and internal resistance of each of the plurality of power storage modules (M1-M16), and
When at least one of the plurality of power storage modules (M1-M16) is replaced, a current is passed through the plurality of power storage modules (M1-M16), and the voltage value and the current value measured in the state where the current is passed are used. In addition, an estimation unit (32b) for estimating the SOH or internal resistance of each of the plurality of power storage modules (M1-M16), and
For each of the plurality of power storage modules (M1-M16), the value of SOH or internal resistance held in the holding unit (33a) is compared with the estimated value of SOH or internal resistance, and the difference between the two is predetermined. A determination unit (32c) that determines that the power storage module exceeding the value is a replaced power storage module, and
A management device (30).
According to this, it is possible to accurately identify the replaced power storage module.
[Item 4]
A management device (30) that manages a power storage system (20) including a plurality of power storage modules (M1-M16).
A holding unit (33a) that holds at least one value of SOH (State Of Health) and internal resistance of each of the plurality of power storage modules (M1-M16), and
When one of the plurality of power storage modules (M1-M16) is replaced, a current is passed through the plurality of power storage modules (M1-M16), and based on the voltage value and the current value measured with the current flowing. , An estimation unit (32b) that estimates the SOH or internal resistance of each of the plurality of power storage modules (M1-M16), and
The average value of the estimated SOH or internal resistance of the plurality of power storage modules (M1-M16) is compared with the value of the estimated SOH or internal resistance of each of the plurality of power storage modules (M1-M16). A determination unit (32c) that determines that the power storage module having the largest deviation from the average value is a replaced power storage module, and
A management device (30).
According to this, it is possible to accurately identify the replaced power storage module.
[Item 5]
A notification unit (32d) that notifies the terminal device (2) of the operator of a message prompting the input of the SOH of the exchanged power storage module determined by the determination unit (32c).
The acquisition unit (32a) that acquires the SOH input value of the power storage module after replacement, which is input from the terminal device (2),
The management device (30) according to item 3 or 4, further comprising.
According to this, it is possible to prompt the operator to input the SOH value of the replaced power storage module, and it is possible to prevent the operator from forgetting to input the value.
[Item 6]
A management device (30) that manages a power storage system (20) including a plurality of power storage modules (M1-M16).
A holding unit (33a) that holds at least one value of SOH (State Of Health) and internal resistance of each of the plurality of power storage modules (M1-M16), and
When at least one of the plurality of power storage modules (M1-M16) is replaced, a current is passed through the plurality of power storage modules (M1-M16), and the voltage value and the current value measured in the state where the current is passed are used. In addition, an estimation unit (32b) for estimating the SOH or internal resistance of each of the plurality of power storage modules (M1-M16), and
The total or average of the SOH values of the plurality of power storage modules (M1-M16) held in the holding unit (33a) is the sum of the estimated SOH values of the plurality of power storage modules (M1-M16). Alternatively, if it is higher than the average, or if the sum or average of the internal resistance values of the plurality of power storage modules (M1-M16) held in the holding unit (33a) is estimated, the plurality of power storage modules (M1-M16) are estimated. If the value of the internal resistance of M16) is lower than the total or average, the determination unit (32c) that determines that the power storage module has been replaced improperly, and
A management device (30).
According to this, it is possible to detect an unauthorized replacement of the power storage module.
[Item 7]
Further provided with an acquisition unit (32a) for acquiring the SOH input value of the power storage module after replacement, which is input from the operator's terminal device (2).
The management device (30) according to item 6, wherein the determination unit (32c) invalidates the input value when it determines that the power storage module has been illegally replaced.
According to this, it is possible to prevent the SOH value from being illegally rewritten when the module is replaced with a power storage module having a small capacity.
[Item 8]
With multiple power storage modules (M1-M16),
The management device (30) according to any one of items 1 to 7 and
A power supply system (10).
According to this, it is possible to construct a power supply system (10) capable of enjoying the effect of the management device (30) according to any one of items 1 to 7.

1 Electric vehicle, 2 Diagnostic device, 2a display unit, 2b processing unit, 2c operation unit, 10 power supply system, 20 battery system, M1-M16 battery module, 30 management device, 40 vehicle control unit, 50 inverter, 60 motor, RY1 Relay, 20 battery system, E1-En cell, 30 management device, 31 measurement unit, 31a voltage measurement unit, 31b temperature measurement unit, 31c current measurement unit, 32 processing unit, 32a acquisition unit, 32b estimation unit, 32c judgment unit, 32d notification unit, 33 storage unit, 33a SOH holding unit, 33b SOH-IR characteristic holding unit, 33c SOC-OCV characteristic holding unit, T1, T2 temperature sensor.

Claims (8)

A management device that manages a power storage system that includes multiple power storage modules.
An acquisition unit that acquires an SOH (State Of Health) input value of the replaced power storage module, which is input from the terminal device of the operator when at least one of the plurality of power storage modules is replaced.
A current is passed through the power storage module after replacement, and an estimation unit that estimates the SOH of the power storage module after replacement based on the voltage value and the current value measured in the state where the current is flowing.
The SOH input value and the estimated value of the power storage module after the replacement are compared, and the input value is valid when the difference between the two is within a predetermined value, and the input value is invalid when the difference between the two exceeds the predetermined value. Judgment unit and
A management device characterized by being provided with. The management device according to claim 1, wherein the determination unit uses the estimated value as an update value of the SOH of the power storage module after the replacement when the deviation between the two exceeds the predetermined value. A management device that manages a power storage system that includes multiple power storage modules.
A holding unit that holds at least one value of SOH (State Of Health) and internal resistance of each of the plurality of power storage modules, and
When at least one of the plurality of power storage modules is replaced, a current is passed through the plurality of power storage modules, and each of the plurality of power storage modules is based on the voltage value and the current value measured in the state where the current is passed. An estimator that estimates SOH or internal resistance,
For each of the plurality of power storage modules, the value of SOH or internal resistance held in the holding unit is compared with the estimated value of SOH or internal resistance, and the power storage module whose deviation between the two exceeds a predetermined value is replaced. Judgment unit that determines that the power storage module has been used,
A management device characterized by being provided with. A management device that manages a power storage system that includes multiple power storage modules.
A holding unit that holds at least one value of SOH (State Of Health) and internal resistance of each of the plurality of power storage modules, and
When one of the plurality of power storage modules is replaced, a current is passed through the plurality of power storage modules, and the SOH of each of the plurality of power storage modules is based on the voltage value and the current value measured in the state where the current is passed. Or an estimation unit that estimates the internal resistance,
The estimated average value of SOH or internal resistance of the plurality of power storage modules is compared with the estimated average value of SOH or internal resistance of the plurality of power storage modules, and the power storage module having the largest deviation from the average value is compared. With a determination unit that determines that the power storage module has been replaced,
A management device characterized by being provided with. A notification unit that notifies the terminal device of the operator of a message prompting the input of the SOH of the exchanged power storage module determined by the determination unit.
An acquisition unit that acquires the SOH input value of the power storage module after replacement, which is input from the terminal device, and
The management device according to claim 3 or 4, further comprising. A management device that manages a power storage system that includes multiple power storage modules.
A holding unit that holds at least one value of SOH (State Of Health) and internal resistance of each of the plurality of power storage modules, and
When at least one of the plurality of power storage modules is replaced, a current is passed through the plurality of power storage modules, and each of the plurality of power storage modules is based on the voltage value and the current value measured in the state where the current is passed. An estimator that estimates SOH or internal resistance,
When the total or average of the SOH values of the plurality of power storage modules held in the holding unit is higher than the estimated total or average of the SOH values of the plurality of power storage modules, or is held in the holding unit. If the total or average of the internal resistance values of the plurality of power storage modules is lower than the estimated total or average of the internal resistance values of the plurality of power storage modules, it is determined that the power storage modules have been replaced improperly. Judgment unit and
A management device characterized by being provided with. It is further equipped with an acquisition unit that acquires the SOH input value of the power storage module after replacement, which is input from the terminal device of the worker.
The management device according to claim 6, wherein the determination unit invalidates the input value when it determines that the power storage module has been illegally replaced. With multiple power storage modules
The management device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
A power supply system characterized by being equipped with.

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