JP2021140918A - Liquid type lead storage battery - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a liquid type lead storage battery capable of preventing a slit from being closed by an electrolyte of low specific gravity and water which enter a liquid port plug, bridging two opposed faces of the slit with a tensile force.SOLUTION: An injection port of an electrolyte that a lid sealing a top face of a battery box includes comprises a through hole of an upper plate 24 and a sleeve 25 extending closer to a cell chamber continuously to the through hole, and the sleeve includes a female screw 25b. A plug 5 covering the injection port comprises: a cylinder part 51 including a male screw 53 to be threaded to the female screw 25b; a tabular head part 52 closing one end of the cylinder part in an axial direction; and an exhaust hole 52a penetrating a plate surface of the head part. The plug is mounted to the injection port by threading the male screw and the female screw. The sleeve of the lid includes a first slit 25a extending from an end face at the side of the cell chamber to the side of the upper plate, and the cylinder part of the plug includes a second slit 51a extending from an end face of the head part at an opposite side to the side of the head part. The first slit and the second slit include portions which are overlapped in a side view in radial directions of the sleeve and the cylinder part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

The present invention relates to a liquid lead-acid battery.

There are two types of lead-acid batteries, one is a liquid type and the other is a control valve type. The electrode plate group has a laminate composed of positive electrode plates and negative electrode plates arranged alternately, and separators arranged between the positive electrode plates and the negative electrode plates.
The upper surface of the battery case of the liquid lead-acid battery is sealed with a lid. This lid has an electrolytic solution injection port (liquid port) formed at a position above the cell chamber of the upper plate, and the injection port is continuous with a through hole penetrating the upper plate and this through hole. It has a sleeve extending toward the cell chamber side, and a female screw is formed on the sleeve. This injection port is closed with a plug (liquid mouth plug). The plug has a tubular portion with a male screw screwed into a female screw, a plate-shaped head that closes one axial end of the tubular portion, and an exhaust hole that penetrates the plate surface of the head. , Male and female threads are screwed together and attached to the lid.

Further, the sleeve of the lid is formed with a slit extending from the end surface on the cell chamber side to the upper plate side. Further, the tubular portion of the stopper is also formed with a slit extending from the end face on the opposite side of the head to the head side. The liquid level of the electrolytic solution in the electric tank is set below the lower end of the sleeve of the liquid port and the tubular portion of the liquid port plug.
As described above, in the liquid lead-acid battery, the pressure inside and outside the battery case is made equal by providing an exhaust hole in the liquid port plug. In addition, by providing slits in both the sleeve of the liquid port and the tubular part of the liquid port plug, the electrolytic solution that has moved above the set liquid level can be returned to a position below the set liquid level. ing.

The density of dilute sulfuric acid used in the electrolytic solution is generally ^{about 1.280 (g / cm 3} ) when fully charged, and the freezing point is as low as −70 ° C. On the other hand, batteries for idling stop (ISS) vehicles are less likely to be gassed, and the electrolytic solution is likely to be stratified. When stratification occurs, the electrolytic solution existing in the upper layer has a specific density close to that of water, and the freezing point also increases accordingly. The electrolytic solution existing in the upper layer portion penetrates into the liquid port plug through the slit of the liquid port plug due to shaking during running or the like. In addition, on days when the temperature is low, condensed water may enter the liquid spout through the exhaust hole.

The low-density electrolytic solution and water that have entered the liquid spout plug flow down through the slit due to gravity, but may be crossed over the two opposite surfaces of the slit by tension to block the slit. If frozen in that state, the exhaust hole of the liquid spout is blocked, the air path is blocked, and a pressure difference is generated inside and outside the battery case. When the frozen ice melts in this state, the electrolyte may spurt out from the exhaust holes, contaminate the surrounding system with sulfuric acid, or adhere to the hands when replacing the battery, causing chemical damage. There is also the possibility of doing so.

In Patent Document 1, a tubular portion supported by the top plate portion of the liquid plug main body penetrates the explosion-proof filter and is opened on the lower surface of the explosion-proof filter, and a hole formed in the tubular portion increases the pressure in the liquid plug main body. A liquid lead-acid battery that is blocked by a partition that breaks in is described. According to this, it is possible to prevent an increase in internal pressure due to clogging of the explosion-proof filter, but the electrolytic solution and water having a low specific density that have entered the liquid port plug are spread over the two opposite surfaces of the slit by tension to close the slit. It cannot be prevented.

According to Patent Document 2, the overflow performance during vibration (the performance at which the electrolytic solution is less likely to overflow from the liquid port) largely depends on the width of the slit in the cylinder portion of the liquid port plug, and a viewpoint of ensuring high overflow performance. Therefore, it is described that the width of the slit is preferably less than 5 mm, more preferably 3 mm or less. Further, it is described that the width of the slit of the tubular well (liquid port sleeve) is preferably 8 mm or less from the viewpoint of obtaining a higher level of overflow performance. Further, in FIG. 4 of Patent Document 2, in a state where the liquid port plug is attached to the lid of the battery case, the slit of the tubular portion of the liquid port plug and the slit of the tubular well (sleeve of the liquid port) are displaced. It has become.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-217545 JP-A-2018-195508

An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid lead-acid battery capable of preventing the low-density electrolytic solution and water that have entered the liquid port plug from being spread over two opposite surfaces of the slit by tension and closing the slit. Is.

In order to solve the above problems, one aspect of the present invention provides a liquid lead-acid battery having the following configurations (a) to (e).
(a) An electric tank equipped with a cell chamber, a group of plates stored in the cell chamber together with an electrolytic solution, and a lid that seals the upper surface of the electric tank, and above the cell chamber of the upper plate. The injection port has a through hole penetrating the upper plate and a sleeve extending continuously to the cell chamber side through the through hole, and a female screw is formed in this sleeve. It is equipped with a lid.
(b) A plug that closes the injection port and has a tubular body with a male screw that is screwed into the female screw of the sleeve of the lid, a plate-shaped head that closes one end of the tubular body in the axial direction, and a plate surface of the head. It has an exhaust hole that penetrates the body, and is provided with a stopper that is attached to the lid by screwing the male screw of the tubular body portion and the female screw of the sleeve.
(c) The sleeve of the lid has a first slit extending from the end face on the cell chamber side to the upper plate side.
(d) The tubular portion of the plug has a second slit extending from the opposite end face of the head to the head side.
(e) The first slit and the second slit have a portion where the sleeve and the tubular portion overlap in a lateral view along the radial direction.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a liquid lead-acid battery capable of preventing an electrolytic solution having a low specific gravity and water that have penetrated into a liquid port plug from being spread over two opposite surfaces of a slit by tension to close the slit.

It is a figure explaining the liquid-type lead-acid battery of an embodiment, and shows the state which the cover was removed from the electric tank. It is a figure which shows the surface of the lid which comprises the liquid-type lead-acid battery of an embodiment toward an electric tank. It is a front view which shows the plug which closes the inlet of the liquid-type lead-acid battery of an embodiment. It is the figure which looked at the state which the stopper (the splash-proof stopper is omitted) is attached to one liquid injection port which a lid has, from the side of the inner surface of a lid. In the cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 4, the left half shows a state before the stopper is attached.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown below. In the embodiments shown below, technically preferable limitations are made for carrying out the present invention, but these limitations are not essential requirements of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the liquid lead-acid battery 10 of this embodiment includes an electric tank 1, a lid 2, and six electrode plate groups 3. The shape of the electric tank 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped, and the electric tank 1 has a pair of first walls 11 formed on a pair of long sides of a rectangle forming a bottom surface and a pair of first walls formed on a pair of short sides. It has two walls 12. The inside of the battery case 1 is divided into six cell chambers 4 by five partition walls 13 parallel to the second wall 12. As shown in FIG. 1, the arrangement direction of the cell chambers 4 is the X direction, and the direction perpendicular to this is the Y direction. One electrode plate group 3 is arranged in each of the six cell chambers 4. Further, the liquid lead-acid battery 10 is provided with one liquid spout 5 for each cell chamber 4.

Each electrode plate group 3 has a laminate 31 composed of a plurality of alternately arranged positive electrode plates and negative electrode plates, and separators arranged between the positive electrode plates and the negative electrode plates.
The positive electrode plate is a positive electrode mixture (a mixture containing a positive electrode active material) held on a lattice-shaped substrate of a current collector having a lattice-shaped substrate and an ear portion protruding upward from the lattice-shaped substrate. The negative electrode plate is a negative electrode mixture (a mixture containing a negative electrode active material) held on a lattice-like substrate of a current collector having a lattice-like substrate and an ear portion protruding upward from the lattice-like substrate. A plurality of positive electrode plates and negative electrode plates are alternately arranged via a separator. The number of negative electrode plates constituting the laminate may be one more than the number of positive electrode plates, or may be the same.

The negative electrode plate is housed in a bag-shaped separator. Then, by alternately stacking the bag-shaped separator containing the negative electrode plate and the positive electrode plate, the separator is arranged between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate. The positive electrode plate may be stored in the bag-shaped separator and alternately stacked with the negative electrode plate.
Further, each electrode group 3 includes a positive electrode strap 32 and a negative electrode strap 33 that connect the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate of the laminated body at different positions in the width direction, and a positive electrode intermediate electrode that rises from the positive electrode strap 32 and the negative electrode strap 33, respectively. It has a column 321 and a negative electrode intermediate electrode column 331. The positive electrode strap and the negative electrode strap connect the ears of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate, respectively.

The positive electrode strap and the negative electrode strap arranged in the cell chambers 4 at both ends in the cell arrangement direction are formed with a positive electrode pole column 35 and a negative electrode pole column 36 which are external terminals via small pieces, respectively. Further, the positive electrode intermediate pole pillar 321 of one cell chamber 4 and the negative electrode intermediate pole pillar 331 in the other cell chamber 4 are connected by a metal portion that fills the through hole formed in the partition wall 13.
As shown in FIG. 2, the lid 2 has five partition plates 23 corresponding to the partition wall 13 of the electric tank 1 and a rectangular upper plate 24. The upper plate 24 has six through holes 241. The six through holes 24a are formed at each position separated by the five partition plates 23 of the upper plate 24.

A sleeve 25 continuous with the through hole 241 is formed on the inner surface of the upper plate 24 (the surface facing the electric tank 1). The through hole 241 and the sleeve 25 form a liquid injection port (electrolytic solution injection port) 26. The liquid injection port 26 is closed with the liquid port plug 5. The sleeve 25 has two slits (first slit) 25a and a female threaded portion 25b. The two slits 25a are formed at positions at 180 ° to each other and face each other along the X direction. A flange 27 is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the sleeve 25. Further, the lid 2 has a guide rib 6 for positioning with respect to the electric tank 1, and a sleeve 7 through which the positive electrode pole and the negative electrode pole are passed.

As shown in FIG. 3, the liquid spout 5 has a tubular body portion 51 and a head portion 52 formed at one end in the axial direction thereof. A male screw portion 53 is formed on the outer circumference of the tubular body portion 51 on the head 52 side. A slit (second slit) 51a is formed at an end portion of the tubular body portion 51 opposite to the head portion 52. The head 52 is composed of a large diameter portion 521 and a small diameter portion 522, and has an exhaust hole 52a penetrating the plate surface. A splash-proof plug, which is a separate part, is arranged in the tubular body portion 51.
The slit 51a of the tubular body portion 51 of the liquid port plug 5 has a rectangular shape (front shape) in the front view (FIG. 3) of the liquid port plug 5. The two slits 25a of the sleeve 25 of the lid 2 also have a rectangular shape (front shape) in the front view of the sleeve 25.

As shown in FIG. 5, the through hole 241 of the upper plate 24 and the upper end surface 251 of the sleeve 25 form a recess in which the outer edge portion of the head 52 of the liquid spout plug 5 is accommodated. The slit 25a of the sleeve 25 extends from the lower end surface (end surface on the cell chamber 4 side) 252 toward the upper plate 24 side, and is formed deeply to a position close to the flange 27. The female thread portion 25b is formed only at the base end portion of the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve 25.
The right half of FIG. 5 and FIG. 4 show a state in which the liquid injection port 26 is closed with the liquid port plug 5, but the splash-proof plug is omitted. As shown in these figures, in this state, the slit 25a of the liquid injection port 26 and the slit 51a of the liquid port plug 5 overlap each other in the side view along the radial direction of the sleeve 25 and the tubular body portion 51.

As shown in FIG. 5, the length L1 of the slit (first slit) 25a of the sleeve 25 of the lid 2 is 5/6 or less of the length L11 of the sleeve 25 (L1 / L11 ≦ 5/6). The length L2 of the slit (second slit) 51a of the tubular body portion 51 of the liquid port plug 5 is ½ or less of the length L21 of the tubular body portion 51 (L2 / L21 ≦ 1/2). Further, the length L1 of the slit (first slit) 25a of the sleeve 25 is longer than the length L2 of the slit (second slit) 51a of the tubular body portion 51 (L1> L2).

The liquid lead-acid battery 10 can be manufactured, for example, by the following method.
First, the pre-chemical electrode plate group 3 produced by a known method is placed in each cell chamber 4 of the electric tank 1, and then resistance welding is performed to form a metal portion. Next, the upper surface of the electric tank 1 and the lower surface of the lid 2 are melted by heat, and the lid 2 is fixed to the electric tank 1 by heat welding. When the lid 2 is placed on the electric tank 1, the partition wall 13, the first wall 11, and the upper end surface of the second wall 12 of the electric tank 1 are guided by the guide rib 6 of the lid 2 to smoothly cover the lid 2. It comes into contact with the lower end surfaces of the partition plate 23, the first wall 21, and the second wall 22 of 2. As a result, an upper space by the lid 2 is formed on the upper side of the cell chamber 4.

Next, the electrolytic solution is injected into each cell chamber 4 from each injection port 26. Next, the tubular body portion 51 of the liquid port plug 5 is inserted into the liquid injection port 26, and the male threaded portion 53 of the liquid port plug 5 is screwed into the female threaded portion 25b of the sleeve 25 to make each liquid injection port 26 liquid. Close with spout 5.
The positions of the slit 25a of the liquid injection port 26 and the slit 51a of the liquid port plug 5 in the radial direction are the positions of the liquid injection port 26 when the liquid port plug 5 is attached to the liquid injection port 26 with the set tightening torque. The slit 25a of the above and the slit 51a of the liquid spout 5 have a portion that overlaps the sleeve 25 and the tubular portion 51 in a side view along the radial direction (ideally, the state shown in FIG. 4). Design to.

The smaller the width S1 of the slit 25a of the liquid injection port 26, the width S2 of the slit 51a of the liquid port plug 5, and the distance K between the sleeve 25 of the liquid injection port 26 and the tubular portion 51 of the liquid port plug 5 (for example, the smaller the distance K When both the liquid injection port 26 and the liquid port plug 5 are made of polypropylene, both are 3 mm or less), "The electrolytic solution that has moved above the set liquid level is the liquid port plug from the slit 25a of the liquid injection port 26. The "action of suppressing the electrolyte from overflowing from the exhaust hole 52a by penetrating into the slit 51a of 5" becomes greater, but the "electrolyte and water having a low specific gravity that have penetrated into the liquid spout plug face each other due to tension. The phenomenon of being crossed over two sides and closing the slit is likely to occur.

Then, even when the width S1, the width S2, and the distance K are reduced in order to maximize the above-mentioned effects, the liquid lead-acid battery 10 of the embodiment has the slit 25a of the liquid injection port 26 and the liquid port plug 5. Since the slit 51a has a portion that overlaps the sleeve 25 and the tubular body portion 51 in a side view along the radial direction, the above phenomenon can be prevented.
Further, "L1 / L11 ≦ 5/6", "L2 / L21 ≦ 1/2", and L1> L2 are all "electrolysis moved above the set liquid level". It is preferable to have at least one of the configurations because the configuration can increase the "action of refluxing the liquid to a position below the set liquid level". The liquid lead-acid battery 10 of the embodiment having all of these configurations also has a large "action of refluxing the electrolytic solution moved above the set liquid level to a position below the set liquid level". ..

When the width S2 of the second slit 51a is narrower than the width S1 of the first slit 25a, "the electrolytic solution that has moved above the set liquid level moves from the slit 25a of the liquid injection port 26 to the liquid spout plug. It is preferable because the "action of suppressing the electrolytic solution from overflowing from the exhaust hole 52a by penetrating into the slit 51a of 5" can be increased.
Further, the frontal shapes of the first slit 25a and the second slit 51a may be shapes other than a rectangle (for example, a semi-oval shape, a divergent shape, a convex shape).

10 Liquid lead-acid battery 1 Electric tank 11 First wall of electric tank 12 Second wall of electric tank 13 Partition 2 Lid 21 First wall of lid 22 Second wall of lid 23 Partition plate 24 Top plate of lid 241 Top plate through hole 25 Sleeve 25a Slit of injection port (first slit)
251 Upper end surface of sleeve (end surface on the upper plate side)
252 Lower end surface of sleeve (end surface on cell chamber side)
26 Injection port (electrolyte injection port)
27 Flange 3 Plate group 4 Cell chamber 41 Cell chamber 42 Cell chamber 5 Liquid spout plug (plug that closes the injection port)
51 Cylinder part 51a Slit of liquid spout (second slit)
52 Head 52a Exhaust hole 53 Male thread 6 Guide rib L1 First slit length L2 Second slit length L11 Sleeve length L21 Cylindrical length

Claims (5)

An electric tank equipped with a cell chamber, a group of plates stored in the cell chamber together with an electrolytic solution, and a group of plates.
A lid that seals the upper surface of the battery case, and has an injection port for the electrolytic solution formed at a position above the cell chamber of the upper plate, and the injection port has the upper plate. A lid having a through hole to penetrate and a sleeve extending to the cell chamber side continuously from the through hole, and a female screw formed on the sleeve.
A plug that closes the injection port and penetrates a tubular portion having a male screw that is screwed into the female screw, a plate-shaped head that closes one axial end of the tubular portion, and a plate surface of the head. A stopper having an exhaust hole and being attached to the lid by screwing the male screw and the female screw.
With
The sleeve of the lid has a first slit extending from the end face on the cell chamber side to the upper plate side.
The tubular portion of the stopper has a second slit extending from the opposite end surface of the head toward the head.
A liquid lead-acid battery having a portion in which the first slit and the second slit overlap in a side view along the radial direction of the sleeve and the tubular body portion. The liquid lead-acid battery according to claim 1, wherein the length of the first slit is longer than the length of the second slit. The liquid lead-acid battery according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the width of the second slit is narrower than the width of the first slit. The liquid lead-acid battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the length of the first slit is 5/6 or less of the length of the sleeve. The liquid lead-acid battery according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the length of the second slit is ½ or less of the length of the tubular body portion.

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