JP2021122262A - Light irradiation method for plant growth, lighting apparatus, and lighting system - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide light irradiation methods, lighting apparatus, and lighting systems for plant growth, which can grow plants, maintain grass vigor, and improve the appearance of plants.SOLUTION: The light irradiation method for plant growth comprises: irradiating a plant with white light and red light using a white light emitting diode 11 that emits white light and a red light emitting diode 12 or a red phosphor that emits red light; controlling the radiant energy of the red light emitted from the red light emitting diode 12 or the red phosphor to be 1/2 or less of the radiant energy of the white light emitted from the white light emitting diode 11; and controlling at least one of the white and red light irradiation ranges, irradiation directions, and illuminances, depending on at least one of the plant size, shape, and growth stage.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

The present disclosure relates to a light irradiation method, a lighting device and a lighting system for growing plants.

Conventional Patent Document 1 discloses a plant growing lighting device including an irradiation means for irradiating a plant with light and a control means for controlling the irradiation energy of the light emitted by the irradiation means.

Japanese Patent No. 5335721

However, in the light irradiation method for plant growth using the conventional lighting device for plant growth, the optimum light irradiation range and irradiation time cannot be adjusted according to the size and shape of the plant, and the light irradiation can be used. It is difficult to control the growth of plants. Therefore, it is difficult to obtain a desired form by growing the plant. In addition, since the appearance of the plant irradiated with light does not change, people may get tired of appreciating the plant.

Therefore, an object of the present disclosure is to provide a light irradiation method, a lighting device, and a lighting system for growing a plant, which can grow and maintain the grass vigor and improve the appearance of the plant.

The light irradiation method for growing a plant according to one aspect of the present disclosure uses a white light emitting diode that emits white light and a red light emitting diode or a red phosphor that emits red light, and emits the white light and the red light to a plant. The plant is irradiated with light, and the radiation energy of the red light emitted from the red light emitting diode or the red phosphor is controlled to be 1/2 or less of the radiation energy of the white light emitted from the white light emitting diode. It includes controlling at least one of the irradiation range, irradiation direction and illuminance of the white light and the red light according to at least one of the size, shape and growth stage of the white light.

Further, the lighting device according to one aspect of the present disclosure has a white light emitting diode that emits white light and a red light emitting diode or a red phosphor that emits red light, and the white light and the red light are directed to a plant. The radiation energy of the light source to be irradiated and the red light emitted from the red light emitting diode or the red phosphor is controlled to be 1/2 or less of the radiation energy of the white light emitted from the white light emitting diode. It includes a control unit that controls at least one of the irradiation range, irradiation direction, and illuminance of the white light and the red light according to at least one of the size, shape, and growth stage of the plant.

Further, the lighting system according to one aspect of the present disclosure has a white light emitting diode that emits white light and a red light emitting diode or a red phosphor that emits red light, and the white light and the red light are directed to a plant. The illuminating device to irradiate and the radiation energy of the red light emitted from the red light emitting diode or the red phosphor are controlled to be 1/2 or less of the radiation energy of the white light emitted from the white light emitting diode. A control unit that controls at least one of the irradiation range, irradiation direction, and illuminance of the white light and the red light according to at least one of the size, shape, and growth stage of the plant.

According to the light irradiation method for growing plants of the present disclosure, it is possible to grow plants, maintain grass vigor, and improve the appearance of plants.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing how the lighting device of the lighting system according to the first embodiment irradiates a plant with light. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the lighting system according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a spectrum of white light emitted by a white light emitting diode of the lighting system according to the first embodiment, red light emitted by a red light emitting diode, or red light emitted by a red phosphor. FIG. 4a is a schematic view showing how the lighting device controls the light distribution to change the irradiation range and changes the illuminance, and FIG. 4b shows how the lighting device controls the light distribution to change the irradiation direction. It is a schematic diagram. FIG. 5a is a schematic view showing a state in which the lighting device controls the light distribution to irradiate 1200 lpx light to the growth point and 600 lpx light to the lower leaves of the plant, and FIG. 5b is a schematic diagram showing the lighting device. It is a schematic diagram which shows how the light distribution is controlled to irradiate the growth point with light of 600 lpx to 1000 lp and the lower leaf of a plant with light of 600 lpx. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the elongation of a plant and the number of days when the lighting device of the lighting system according to the first embodiment irradiates the plant with light. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the number of leaves of a plant and the number of days when the lighting device of the lighting system according to the first embodiment irradiates the plant with light. FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the processing of the lighting system according to the first embodiment. FIG. 9A is a schematic view showing a state of irradiating light when the lighting devices of the lighting system according to the second embodiment are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the plant, respectively. FIG. 9B is a schematic view showing the appearance when the upper lighting device irradiates the plant with light and the appearance when the lower lighting device irradiates the plant with light. FIG. 10 shows the relationship between the elongation of the plant and the illuminance, the relationship between the number of fallen leaves and the illuminance, and the photosynthesis sensitivity when the lighting device of the lighting system according to the second embodiment irradiates the growth point of the plant with light. It is a figure which shows the relationship with the illuminance. FIG. 11 shows the relationship between the elongation of the plant and the illuminance, the relationship between the number of fallen leaves and the illuminance, and the photosynthesis sensitivity and the illuminance when the lighting device of the lighting system according to the second embodiment irradiates the lower leaves of the plant with light. It is a figure which shows the relationship of. FIG. 12 is a block diagram of the lighting system according to the third embodiment. FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing the processing of the lighting system according to the third embodiment. FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the relationship between the photosynthesis sensitivity and the irradiation angle and the relationship between the brightness and the irradiation angle when the first lighting device on the upper side irradiates the plant with light. FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the relationship between the photosynthesis sensitivity and the irradiation angle and the relationship between the brightness and the irradiation angle when the second lighting device on the lower side irradiates the plant with light.

It should be noted that all of the embodiments described below show comprehensive or specific examples. Numerical values, shapes, materials, components, arrangement positions and connection forms of components, steps, order of steps, etc. shown in the following embodiments are examples, and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. Further, among the components in the following embodiments, the components not described in the independent claims will be described as arbitrary components.

Hereinafter, embodiments will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1)
<Configuration: Lighting system 1>
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing how the lighting device 10 of the lighting system 1 according to the first embodiment irradiates a plant with light.

As shown in FIG. 1, in the lighting system 1, in order to grow and appreciate the target plant, the plant is grown and the appearance is improved by irradiating the light. For example, in this lighting system 1, the lighting device 10 irradiates a plant installed in a place with poor sunlight such as a room with light. The light that irradiates the plant is white light and red light. In the present embodiment, white light and red light may be collectively referred to as light. Further, white light is a color of light that can be recognized as white by a person. Further, the red light is a color of light that can be recognized as red by a person, and is, for example, light having a wavelength of 610 nm to 750 nm.

The plant is, for example, an ornamental plant. Ornamental plants are, for example, mainly flowering pots, non-flowering herbs or foliage plants, vegetables such as tomatoes and eggplants, and fruit-bearing plants such as fruits such as citrus fruits and grapes. Further, the plant is not limited to these examples, and may be another plant.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the lighting system 1 according to the first embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 2, the lighting system 1 includes one or more lighting devices 10, a control unit 20, a storage unit 30, an operation unit 40, and a power supply unit 50.

[Lighting device 10]
Each of the one or more lighting devices 10 irradiates the plant with white light and red light. In the present embodiment, since the plant is irradiated with light by using one lighting device 10 unless otherwise specified, one lighting device 10 will be mainly described.

The lighting device 10 can change the light distribution and the brightness of the emitted light. The light distribution is the irradiation direction and irradiation range of the light emitted by the lighting device 10. For example, when the light irradiation direction is changed, the lighting device 10 rotates or the light source 10a of the lighting device 10 rotates, so that the lighting device 10 changes the light irradiation direction and irradiates the plant. Change the part to do. For example, when the light irradiation range is changed, the lighting device 10 can be changed from a narrow-angle light distribution to a wide-angle light distribution by changing the position of the light distribution control lens with respect to the light source 10a.

The lighting device 10 includes a white light emitting diode 11 that emits white light, and a light source 10a having a red light emitting diode 12 that emits red light or a red phosphor.

The light source 10a irradiates the plant with white light and red light as light. The lighting device 10 is arranged on a ceiling, a wall, or the like in a posture of irradiating a plant with light. Further, the lighting device 10 is mainly arranged at a position higher than that of the plant.

The light source 10a emits light having an index of FCI (Feeling of Contrast Index) indicating the vividness of color, for example, about 120. The FCI is based on 100. Further, the light source 10a emits at least white light and red light as two or more colors of light.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing spectra of white light emitted by the white light emitting diode 11 of the lighting system 1 according to the first embodiment, red light emitted by the red light emitting diode 12, or red light emitted by the red phosphor. be.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the white light emitted by the white light emitting diode 11 has the maximum peak wavelength in the blue region (blue light). The blue region is, for example, a wavelength region of light that can be recognized as blue by a person, for example, light having a wavelength of 430 nm to 490 nm. Further, in the present embodiment, the color temperature of the white light is about 5000K.

Further, the red light emitting diode 12 or the red phosphor of the light source 10a emits red monochromatic light (red light). Further, the red light emitting diode 12 of the light source 10a may emit red light by converting the wavelength of the laser light into a red phosphor. Further, the red light emitted by the red light emitting diode 12 or the red phosphor has a peak wavelength in the blue region and the red region (red light), and particularly has the maximum peak wavelength in the red region. Further, as the red phosphor, a phosphor having a narrow band having a half width of 50 nm or less is used. Although the red light emitting diode 12 is used as an example in FIG. 2, it goes without saying that it may be a red phosphor.

The white light emitting diode 11 of the light source 10a is composed of a COB (Chip On Board) type LED element, and seals a plurality of blue LEDs which are bare chips (LED chips) mounted on a substrate and the blue LEDs, and is yellow. It has a sealing member containing a phosphor. The white light emitting diode 11 emits white light by combining blue light and light whose wavelength is converted by a yellow phosphor. Further, the white light emitting diode 11 of the light source 10a is an RGB three-color LED light source 10a, which emits three-color monochromatic light of red light, blue light, and green light, and dims these three-color monochromatic light. The white light obtained by doing so may be emitted.

The light source 10a may be a surface mount (SMD: Surface Mount Device) type LED element in which LEDs are packaged, and may include a container (package), a plurality of LED chips mounted in the container, and a plurality of LEDs. It may have a sealing member for sealing the LED chip of the above. The sealing member is a translucent insulating resin material such as a silicone resin. A light diffusing material such as silica and a filler may be dispersed in the sealing member.

[Control unit 20]
As shown in FIG. 2, the control unit 20 includes a white light emitting diode 11, and a dimming circuit and a toning circuit for controlling an increase / decrease in radiant energy emitted from the red light emitting diode 12 or the red phosphor. Specifically, the control unit 20 controls the current flowing through the white light emitting diode 11 and the red light emitting diode 12 and the number of light emitting diodes flowing the current in order to control the radiant energy of light for irradiating the plant. ..

Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the control unit 20 reduces the radiant energy of red light emitted from the red light emitting diode 12 or the red phosphor to 1/2 or less of the radiant energy of white light emitted from the white light emitting diode 11. It is controlled so as to be. This is to promote photosynthesis of plants, and if the intensity of red light is too high for the intensity of white light in the light spectrum, white plants will look like red, and green plants. This is to suppress the discoloration of the plant, which makes it look like black. The control unit 20 preferably controls the radiant energy of red light to about ½ of the radiant energy of white light.

The control unit 20 controls at least one of the irradiation range, irradiation direction, and illuminance of white light and red light according to at least one of the size, shape, and growth stage of the plant.

In addition, the control unit 20 acquires first information indicating at least one of the size, shape, and growth stage of the plant to be irradiated with the white light and the red light. That is, the control unit 20 acquires by inputting the first information indicating at least one of the size, shape and growth stage of the plant via the operation unit 40.

FIG. 4a is a schematic view showing how the lighting device 10 controls the light distribution to change the irradiation range and the illuminance, and FIG. 4b shows the lighting device 10 controlling the light distribution to change the irradiation direction. It is a schematic diagram which shows the state.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, for example, the control unit 20 irradiates the growth point of the plant with light by controlling the irradiation range and irradiation direction of white light and red light (that is, light). Growth points are in and near the canopy, apex, and vegetation of the plant. The vicinity may be a region of several% of the height H of the plant with respect to the growth point. Further, the control unit 20 may control to irradiate a portion (also referred to as a lower leaf) having a height H of the plant of 1 / 2H or less with light.

The control unit 20 irradiates the growth point of the plant with light by controlling the irradiation range and irradiation direction of the light emitted by the lighting device 10. That is, the control unit 20 controls the irradiation range of the light irradiating the plant by controlling the light distribution angle of the light emitted by the lighting device 10. Specifically, the control unit 20 controls the irradiation range of the emitted light by adjusting the distance between the light distribution control lens mounted on the lighting device 10 and the light source 10a.

Further, the control unit 20 controls the irradiation direction of the light by irradiating the growth point of the plant with the light emitted by the lighting device 10. The irradiation direction is, for example, the optical axis direction of the light emitted by the lighting device 10 or the luminous intensity direction of the maximum luminous intensity of the light emitted by the lighting device 10. Specifically, as shown in b of FIG. 4, the control unit 20 adjusts the posture and adjusts the irradiation direction like the two-dot chain line and solid line lighting device 10 by driving and controlling an actuator or the like (not shown). Control. Further, the irradiation direction may intersect the growth point of the plant or may substantially intersect the growth point of the plant.

The irradiation range and irradiation direction may be controlled by a person replacing the light distribution control lens or the like of the lighting device 10 or by adjusting the irradiation direction of the lighting device 10.

The control unit 20 has a first mode, a second mode, a third mode, a fourth mode, and a fifth mode.

The first mode is a mode in which the effect of promoting the growth of plants can be expected by irradiating the growth points of plants with light. As a first mode for promoting the growth of plants, the control unit 20 irradiates the growth points of plants with white light and red light of 1200 lpx or more by controlling the illuminance of the light emitted by the lighting device 10. The upper limit of the illuminance to irradiate the growth point of the plant is, for example, about 10000 lx.

The second mode is a mode in which the effect of maintaining the grass vigor can be expected by irradiating the growing point of the plant with light. As a second mode for maintaining the grass vigor, the control unit 20 irradiates the growth point of the plant with white light and red light of 600 lpx or more and 1000 lpx or less by controlling the illuminance of the light emitted by the lighting device 10.

In addition, the third mode is a mode in which the effect of maintaining the grass vigor of the plant and the effect of suppressing the occurrence of leaf fall can be expected by irradiating the portion of the height H of the plant to 1/2 or less with light. be. As a third mode for maintaining the grass vigor of the plant, the control unit 20 controls the irradiation range and irradiation direction of the white light and the red light emitted by the lighting device 10 to be 1/2 of the height H of the plant. Irradiate the following parts with white light and red light.

FIG. 5a is a schematic view showing how the lighting device 10 controls the light distribution to irradiate 1200 lpx light to the growth point and 600 lpx light to the lower leaves of the plant, and FIG. 5b is an illumination. It is a schematic diagram which shows how the apparatus 10 controls the light distribution and irradiates the growth point with light of 600 lpx to 1000 lp, and the lower leaf of a plant with light of 600 lpx.

Further, the fourth mode is a mode in which the effect of promoting the growth of plants as in the first mode and suppressing the occurrence of leaf fall of plants can be expected as in the third mode. As a fourth mode in which both the first mode and the third mode are executed at the same time, the control unit 20 controls the irradiation range, irradiation direction, and illuminance of the white light and red light emitted by the lighting device 10 to grow the plant. The points are irradiated with white light and red light of 1200 lpx or more, and the portion of 1/2 or less of the height H of the plant is irradiated with white light and red light of 600 lpx or more and less than the illuminance to irradiate the growth point of the plant. do.

Further, in the fifth mode, the growth point of the plant is irradiated with light, and the portion of the height H of the plant or less is irradiated with light to maintain the plant vigor and maintain the grass vigor of the plant. This mode is expected to have the effect of suppressing the occurrence of leaf fall in plants. As a fifth mode for maintaining the grass vigor of the plant and suppressing the occurrence of leaf fall, the control unit 20 controls the irradiation range, irradiation direction and illuminance of the white light and red light emitted by the lighting device 10 to grow the plant. The points are irradiated with white light and red light of 600 lp or more and 1000 lp or less, and the portion of 1/2 or less of the height of the plant is irradiated with white light and red light of 600 lp or more.

As described above, in the fourth mode and the fifth mode, the range from the upper leaf to the lower leaf of the plant is irradiated with light.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the control unit 20 has one or more time counting units 21. Each time measuring unit 21 has a one-to-one correspondence with one or more lighting devices 10, and is a timer for controlling the lighting time of each lighting device 10. For example, the timekeeping unit 21 turns on or off the lighting of the corresponding lighting device 10 or changes the illuminance to a preset illuminance after a lapse of a predetermined time.

Further, the control unit 20 controls each lighting device 10 according to the lighting schedule by reading the lighting schedule stored in the storage unit 30.

[Storage unit 30]
The storage unit 30 stores a lighting schedule for turning on or off each lighting device 10. The storage unit 30 also stores first information indicating at least one of the size, shape, and growth stage of the plant to be irradiated with light. The storage unit 30 is composed of an HDD (Hard Disk Drive), a semiconductor memory, or the like.

[Operation unit 40]
The operation unit 40 controls the operation of each lighting device 10 via the control unit 20. The operation unit 40 receives an input operated by the user or receives an input from an external device other than the lighting system 1, and outputs an instruction corresponding to the received input to the control unit 20. That is, the operation unit 40 controls the operation of each lighting device 10 according to the received input.

The operation unit 40 may be a sensor such as an imaging device that acquires information indicating at least one of the size, shape, and growth stage of the plant by imaging the plant, and is acquired by input by the user's operation. It may be an operation terminal.

[Power supply unit 50]
The power supply unit 50 is a power supply module having a lighting circuit for supplying electric power for lighting the lighting device 10. The power supply unit 50 converts an alternating current supplied from an external power source such as a commercial power source via a hook sealing and an adapter into a predetermined level of DC power by rectifying, smoothing, stepping down, or the like. The power supply unit 50 supplies the converted direct current to the lighting device 10 via a lead wire or the like. The power supply unit 50 may be combined with a dimming circuit, a booster circuit, or the like. The power supply unit 50 may be mounted on the lighting device 10, and in this case, the power supply unit 50 of the present embodiment does not have to supply electric power to the lighting device 10.

<Experimental results>
The following are the experimental results for evaluating the growth of plants, the effect of maintaining grass vigor, and the total number of fallen leaves when the plants are irradiated with the first, second, and third lights. In the results of this experiment, jasmine with a height of 1 m was used for the plant.

The first lighting is a case where the plant is irradiated with the light of the base lighting by the normal lighting device 10 installed indoors, regardless of the light irradiation method for growing plants, the lighting device 10 and the lighting system 1 of the present embodiment. Is. Further, the second illumination is a case where the fourth mode is further executed for the base illumination. That is, in the second illumination, in addition to the irradiation of the target plant with the light by the base illumination, the growth point of the plant is irradiated with 1200 lpx white light and red light, and the height of the plant is 1 This is a case where 600 lp of white light and red light are irradiated to a portion of / 2 or less. The third illumination is a case where a fifth mode is further executed for the base illumination. That is, in the third illumination, in addition to irradiating the target plant with light by the base illumination, the growth point of the plant is irradiated with white light and red light of 600 xl or more and 1000 lp or less, and the height of the plant is high. The portion of 1/2 or less of the sill is irradiated with 600 lcx white light and red light.

The experimental results under such conditions are shown in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the elongation of a plant and the number of days when the lighting device 10 of the lighting system 1 according to the first embodiment irradiates the plant with light. In FIG. 6, the horizontal axis represents the number of days (hours) when the plant was irradiated with light, and the vertical axis represents the elongation of the plant when the plant was irradiated with light. The case of the first illumination is indicated by a solid line, the case of the second illumination is indicated by a broken line, and the case of the third illumination is indicated by a chain line.

In FIG. 6, it was found that the second lighting had the highest plant growing effect than the first lighting and the third lighting, and the height of the plant increased with the passage of days. In addition, it was found that the growth of the plants did not change so much in the first and third illuminations, and the height of the plants increased with the passage of days, but it was not as remarkable as when the second illumination was applied to the plants. rice field.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the number of leaves of a plant and the number of days when the lighting device 10 of the lighting system 1 according to the first embodiment irradiates the plant with light. In FIG. 7, the horizontal axis is the number of days when the plant is irradiated with light, and the vertical axis is the total number of leaves fallen when the plant is irradiated with light.

In FIG. 7, it was found that the total number of fallen leaves increased in the first lighting than in the second lighting and the third lighting. Further, it was found that the number of fallen leaves did not increase so much even after the lapse of days in the second lighting and the third lighting.

<Processing>
Hereinafter, the light irradiation method for growing plants, the processing of the lighting device 10 and the lighting system 1 in the present embodiment will be described.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the processing of the lighting system 1 according to the first embodiment.

First, as shown in FIG. 8, the control unit 20 of the lighting system 1 acquires first information indicating at least one of the size, shape, and growth stage of the plant to be irradiated with light (S11). The first information is stored in, for example, the storage unit 30.

Next, the control unit 20 determines the irradiation range, irradiation direction, and illuminance of the light emitted by the lighting device 10 according to at least one of the size, shape, and growth stage of the plant shown in the first information (1). S12). For example, the control unit 20 determines the light irradiation range, irradiation direction, and illuminance by reading out the table stored in the storage unit 30, that is, the control unit 20 sets a mode for controlling the lighting device 10. , Determined from the first mode to the fifth mode. The table is preset with modes corresponding to the light irradiation range, irradiation direction and illuminance corresponding to at least one of the size, shape and growth stage of the plant.

Next, the control unit 20 controls the lighting device 10 according to the determined mode (S13). As a result, the lighting device 10 irradiates the target plant with light having a light irradiation range, irradiation direction, and illuminance according to the determined mode. Then, the control unit 20 ends the process.

<Effect>
Next, the light irradiation method for growing plants, the operation and effect of the lighting device 10 and the lighting system 1 in the present embodiment will be described.

As described above, in the light irradiation method for growing plants in the present embodiment, white light and red light are used by using a white light emitting diode 11 that emits white light and a red light emitting diode 12 or a red phosphor that emits red light. Is applied to the plant, and the radiation energy of the red light emitted from the red light emitting diode 12 or the red phosphor is controlled to be 1/2 or less of the radiation energy of the white light emitted from the white light emitting diode 11 of the plant. It involves controlling at least one of white and red light irradiation ranges, irradiation directions and illuminances, depending on at least one of size, shape and growth stage.

According to this, since it is possible to irradiate the plant with red light, which is effective for photosynthesis and flower bud formation of the plant, it is effective for growing the plant and maintaining the grass vigor as compared with the case of irradiating the plant with only white light. Light irradiation can be performed. That is, in the light irradiation method for growing a plant, the state of the plant can be changed to a desired state.

Further, by setting the radiant energy of red light to 1/2 or less of the radiant energy of white light, even if a person sees a plant irradiated with light, it does not look reddish. In other words, the light irradiation method for growing plants does not easily spoil the appearance of the plants.

Therefore, according to this light irradiation method for growing plants, it is possible to grow plants, maintain grass vigor, and improve the appearance of plants.

Further, the lighting device 10 in the present embodiment has a white light emitting diode 11 that emits white light, a red light emitting diode 12 that emits red light, or a red phosphor, and irradiates the plant with white light and red light. The radiation energy of the red light emitted from the light source 10a and the red light emitting diode 12 or the red phosphor is controlled to be 1/2 or less of the radiation energy of the white light emitted from the white light emitting diode 11, and the size of the plant. The control unit 20 controls at least one of the irradiation range, irradiation direction, and illuminance of white light and red light according to at least one of shape and growth stage.

The lighting device 10 also has the same effect as the above-mentioned light irradiation method for growing plants.

Further, the lighting system 1 in the present embodiment has a white light emitting diode 11 that emits white light, a red light emitting diode 12 that emits red light, or a red phosphor, and irradiates the plant with white light and red light. The radiation energy of the red light emitted from the lighting device 10 and the red light emitting diode 12 or the red phosphor is controlled to be 1/2 or less of the radiation energy of the white light emitted from the white light emitting diode 11, and the radiation energy of the plant is controlled. The control unit 20 controls at least one of the irradiation range, irradiation direction, and illuminance of white light and red light according to at least one of size, shape, and growth stage.

This lighting system 1 also has the same effect as the above-mentioned light irradiation method for growing plants.

Further, in the light irradiation method for growing a plant in the present embodiment, the irradiation range and irradiation direction of white light and red light are controlled, and the growth point of the plant is irradiated with white light and red light.

According to this, the growth of the plant can be promoted, so that the state of the plant can be made into a desired state.

Further, in the lighting device 10 of the present embodiment, the control unit 20 controls the irradiation range and irradiation direction of the white light and the red light to irradiate the growth point of the plant with the white light and the red light.

The lighting device 10 also has the same effect as the above-mentioned light irradiation method for growing plants.

Further, in the light irradiation method for growing plants in the present embodiment, the irradiation range and irradiation direction of white light and red light are controlled, and white light and red light are applied to a portion of 1/2 or less of the height of the plant. Irradiate.

According to this, it becomes easy to keep the state of the plant in a desired state by maintaining the grass vigor of the plant, so that the viewing period (the period of good appearance) of the plant can be extended. In addition, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of defoliation of plants.

Further, in the light irradiation method for growing a plant in the present embodiment, the growth point of the plant is irradiated with white light and red light of 1200 lpx or more, and the growth of the plant is applied to a portion of 1/2 or less of the height of the plant. It is smaller than the illuminance of the white light and the red light that irradiates the point, and irradiates the white light and the red light of 600 xl or more.

According to this, it is possible to promote the growth of the plant and suppress the occurrence of defoliation of the plant. For this reason, the appearance of the plant due to the fallen leaves is unlikely to deteriorate, and the frequency of cleaning the fallen leaves is unlikely to increase.

Further, in the light irradiation method for growing a plant in the present embodiment, the growth point of the plant is irradiated with white light and red light of 600 lx or more and 1000 lx or less, and the portion of 1/2 or less of the height of the plant is 600 x. Irradiate the above white light and red light.

According to this, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of defoliation of the plant while maintaining the grass vigor of the plant. Therefore, it becomes easy to keep the state of the plant in a desired state, and the viewing period (the period of good appearance) of the plant can be extended.

In addition, the light irradiation method for plant growth in the present embodiment is used when the growth point of the plant is irradiated with white light and red light of 1200 lpx or more to maintain the grass vigor of the plant when promoting the growth of the plant. The plant is irradiated with white light and red light, the growth point of the plant is irradiated with white light and red light of 600 xl or more and 1000 lx or less, and the portion of the height of the plant is 1/2 or less of the height of the plant is irradiated with white light and red light. Irradiate with light.

According to this, it is possible to promote the growth of plants and maintain the grass vigor at a desired timing. Therefore, it becomes easy to keep the state of the plant in a desired state, and the viewing period (the period of good appearance) of the plant can be extended.

(Embodiment 2)
<Structure>
The light irradiation method for growing plants, the configuration of the lighting device 10 and the lighting system 1 in the present embodiment will be described.

FIG. 9A is a schematic view showing a state of irradiating light when the lighting device 10 of the lighting system 1 according to the second embodiment is arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the plant, respectively. FIG. 9B is a schematic view showing the appearance when the lighting device 10 on the upper side irradiates the plant with light and the appearance when the lighting device 10 on the lower side irradiates the plant with light.

The present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a plurality of lighting devices 10 are used.

Unless otherwise specified, the other configurations in the present embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the same configurations are designated by the same reference numerals and detailed description of the configurations will be omitted.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2, 9A and 9B, the first lighting device 10b1 which is the lighting device 10 is arranged at a position higher than the plant, and is 1/2 of the height H of the plant. The second lighting device 10b2, which is the lighting device 10, is arranged at the following positions.

Further, the first lighting device 10b1 is arranged in a posture of irradiating the plant with white light and red light from the upper side to the lower side. Specifically, the first lighting device 10b1 is arranged in a posture in which the irradiation directions of the white light and the red light to be irradiated have an angle θ of 25 ° to 60 ° with respect to the horizontal direction. The first lighting device 10b1 is supported by, for example, a ceiling, a wall, a stand, or the like.

Further, the second lighting device 10b2 is arranged in a posture of irradiating the plant with white light and red light from the lower side to the upper side. Specifically, the second lighting device 10b2 is arranged in a posture in which the irradiation directions of the white light and the red light to be irradiated have an angle θ of 30 ° to 70 ° with respect to the horizontal direction. The second lighting device 10b2 is supported by, for example, a floor, a wall, or the like.

In this way, by irradiating the plant with light from the upper side and the lower side, the light is also irradiated to the leaves existing in the back of the plant. That is, the leaves in the back of the plant are also irradiated with light. Further, as shown in FIG. 9B, since each leaf of the plant is irradiated with light, the light is reflected by each leaf and the whole plant appears to shine.

By controlling the first lighting device 10b1 and the second lighting device 10b2, the control unit 20 changes the irradiation directions of the white light and the red light according to the size and shape of the plant.

Further, the control unit 20 uses the first lighting device 10b1 and the second lighting device 10b2 to control the illuminance and turning off of the white light and the red light irradiating the plant.

<Experimental results>
The following are the experimental results for evaluating the growth of plants, the effect of maintaining grass vigor, the total number of fallen leaves, and the photosynthetic sensitivity when the growth points and lower leaves of plants are irradiated with light. In the results of this experiment, the plants were grown for 30 days by using jasmine having a height of 1 m and changing the illuminance from 300 lpx to 1500 lpx. Further, as a means for measuring the photosynthetic sensitivity, a measuring device (LI-6400XT) of Meiwaforsis was used. For the photosynthetic sensitivity, the average of 20 leaves was calculated.

FIG. 10 shows the relationship between the elongation of the plant and the illuminance, the relationship between the number of fallen leaves and the illuminance, and the relationship between the number of fallen leaves and the illuminance when the first lighting device 10b1 of the lighting system 1 according to the second embodiment irradiates the growth point of the plant with light. , It is a figure which shows the relationship between the photosynthesis sensitivity and the illuminance. FIG. 10 shows a case where the growth point is irradiated with light. In FIG. 10, the horizontal axis is the illuminance of the light shining on the plant, the vertical axis (corresponding to the solid line) is the length of growth of the plant (elongation cm), and the vertical axis (corresponding to the broken line with a small interval) is the plant. The vertical axis (corresponding to the broken line with a large interval) is the photosynthetic sensitivity of the plant (μmol CO ₂ m ^-2 s ^-1 ).

It was found that the length of plant growth has the effect of growing the plant because the longer the illuminance irradiating the plant, the greater the elongation of the plant. Further, it was found that the total number of leaves of a plant decreased as the illuminance increased, and the total number of leaves of a plant having an illuminance of 600 lpx or more was drastically reduced as compared with the total number of leaves of a plant having an illuminance of less than 600 lpx. It was also found that the photosynthetic sensitivity of plants increases as the illuminance increases.

In particular, when the illuminance is 600 lpx to 1000 lpx (grass vigor maintenance illuminance), the growth of the plant is slowed down, the number of leaves falling is small, and the rate of increase in photosynthetic sensitivity is slower than when the illuminance is less than 600 lp. It turned out that there is.

Further, it was found that when the illuminance is 1200 lux or more (growth illuminance), the plant grows, the number of leaves falling is small, and the photosynthetic sensitivity is higher than the illuminance of less than 1200 lp, so that the plant has an effect of growing.

FIG. 11 shows the relationship between the elongation of the plant and the illuminance, the relationship between the number of fallen leaves and the illuminance, and photosynthesis when the second lighting device 10b2 of the lighting system 1 according to the second embodiment irradiates the lower leaves of the plant with light. It is a figure which shows the relationship between sensitivity and illuminance. FIG. 11 shows a case where the lower leaves are irradiated with light. The scale of the vertical axis of FIG. 11 is the same as the scale of the vertical axis of FIG. In FIG. 11, the horizontal axis is the illuminance of the light shining on the plant, the vertical axis (corresponding to the solid line) is the length of growth of the plant (elongation cm), and the vertical axis (corresponding to the broken line with a small interval) is the plant. The vertical axis (corresponding to the broken line with a large interval) is the photosynthetic sensitivity of the plant (μmol CO ₂ m ^-2 s ^-1 ).

It was found that the length of plant growth increased slightly as the illuminance irradiating the plant increased. It was found that when the lower leaves were irradiated with light, the plant growing effect was not as effective as when the plant growing points were irradiated with light, and the plant vigor was maintained. It was also found that the total number of leaves of the plant decreased as the illuminance increased, and the total number of leaves of the plant with an illuminance of 600 lpx or more was drastically reduced as compared with the total number of leaves with an illuminance of less than 600 lpx. It was also found that the photosynthetic sensitivity of plants generally increases as the illuminance increases. However, it was found that when the lower leaves were irradiated with light, the effect of increasing the photosynthetic sensitivity was slower than when the growth points of the plants were irradiated with light, and there was an effect of maintaining the grass vigor of the plants.

<Effect>
Next, the light irradiation method for growing plants, the operation and effect of the lighting device 10 and the lighting system 1 in the present embodiment will be described.

As described above, in the light irradiation method for growing plants in the present embodiment, the irradiation directions of white light and red light are changed according to the size and shape of the plant, and the white light emitting diode is placed at a position higher than the plant. When 11 and the lighting device 10 having the red light emitting diode 12 or the red phosphor are arranged, the irradiation directions of the white light and the red light emitted by the lighting device 10 are at an angle of 25 ° to 60 ° with respect to the horizontal direction. When the lighting device 10 is arranged at a position of 1/2 or less of the height of the plant, the irradiation direction of the white light and the red light emitted by the lighting device 10 has an angle of 30 ° to 70 with respect to the horizontal direction. °.

According to this, by irradiating the plant with light from the upper side of the plant and irradiating the plant from the lower side of the plant, it is possible to irradiate the leaves existing in the back of the plant with light. That is, since the leaves existing in the back of the plant facilitate photosynthesis, the occurrence of leaf fall can be suppressed. Further, as shown in FIG. 9B, since each leaf of the plant is irradiated with light, the light is reflected by each leaf, so that the whole plant looks shining, and the appearance is improved.

Further, in the light irradiation method for growing a plant in the present embodiment, a plurality of lighting devices 10 arranged at a position higher than the plant and a position equal to or less than 1/2 the height of the plant are used. Controls the illuminance and extinguishing of white light and red light that irradiate plants.

According to this, the plant can be efficiently photosynthesized by irradiating the plant with light from the upper side of the plant and irradiating the plant with light from the lower side of the plant.

Further, it is possible to control the lighting and extinguishing of the lighting device 10 and the illuminance of the light emitted by the lighting device 10. Therefore, the plant can be efficiently grown and the grass vigor can be maintained, and the appearance of the plant can be improved.

In this embodiment as well, the same effects as those in the first embodiment are obtained.

(Embodiment 3)
<Structure>
The configuration of the lighting system 1a in the present embodiment will be described.

FIG. 12 is a block diagram of the lighting system 1a according to the third embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 12, it differs from the first embodiment in that it has a first detection unit 61 and a second detection unit 62 that detect the state of the plant.

Unless otherwise specified, the other configurations in the present embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the same configurations are designated by the same reference numerals and detailed description of the configurations will be omitted.

The lighting system 1a includes one or more lighting devices 10, a control unit 20, a storage unit 30, an operation unit 40, and a power supply unit 50, as well as a first detection unit 61 and a second detection unit 62.

By detecting the state of the plant, the first detection unit 61 acquires the first information indicating at least one of the size, shape and growth stage of the plant. The first detection unit 61 is, for example, an image pickup device, a brightness sensor, or the like, and recognizes at least one of the size, shape, and growth stage of the plant by photographing the plant, and determines the size, shape, and growth stage of the plant. Acquire the first information indicating at least one. The first detection unit 61 outputs the detected first information to the control unit 20. The first detection unit 61 is an example of the detection unit.

The second detection unit 62 acquires the second information indicating the photosynthetic sensitivity of the plant by the light emitted by the lighting device 10. The second detection unit 62 is, for example, a photosynthetic sensor that measures the intensity of chlorophyll fluorescence in plants. The second detection unit 62 outputs the detected second information to the control unit 20.

The control unit 20 controls at least one of the white light and red light light distribution, the irradiation direction, and the illuminance to irradiate the plant based on the acquired first information and the second information.

For example, the control unit 20 can determine whether or not the plant is being grown based on the first information. If it can be determined that the growth of the plant is progressing, the control unit 20 executes the third mode, the third mode, or the fifth mode in order to maintain the grass vigor of the plant. Further, if it can be determined that the growth of the plant has not progressed based on the first information, the control unit 20 executes the first mode or the fourth mode in order to promote the growth of the plant.

In addition, the control unit 20 can determine whether or not the degree of photosynthesis of the plant is greater than a predetermined value based on the second information. When the degree of photosynthesis of the plant is larger than a predetermined value, the control unit 20 executes the third mode or the fifth mode if it wants to maintain the grass vigor of the plant, and executes the first mode or the fourth mode if it wants to promote the growth of the plant. Or execute the current control process. Further, when the degree of photosynthesis of the plant is less than a predetermined value, the control unit 20 executes the second mode, the third mode or the fifth mode if it wants to maintain the grass vigor of the plant, and wants to promote the growth of the plant. Execute the 1st mode or the 4th mode.

<Processing>
Hereinafter, the light irradiation method for growing plants, the processing of the lighting device 10 and the lighting system 1a in the present embodiment will be described.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing the processing of the lighting system 1a according to the third embodiment.

First, as shown in FIG. 13, the first detection unit 61 detects the state of the plant. That is, the first detection unit 61 acquires the first information indicating at least one of the size, shape and growth stage of the plant by detecting at least one of the size, shape and growth stage of the plant ( S21). The first detection unit 61 outputs the detected first information to the control unit 20. Then, after step S12, the same processing as in FIG. 8 is performed.

<Experimental results>
The following are the experimental results for evaluating the growth of plants, the maintenance of grass vigor, the total number of fallen leaves, and the photosynthetic sensitivity when the growth points and lower leaves of plants are irradiated with light. In the results of this experiment, plants were irradiated with light by using jasmine having a height of 1 m and changing the irradiation angle of the optical axis of the lighting device 10 with respect to the horizontal plane from 0 ° to 80 °. A Meiwaforsis measuring device (LI-6400XT) was used as a means for measuring the photosynthetic sensitivity, and a Konica Minolta measuring device (CA-2500) was used as a means for measuring the brightness. For the photosynthetic sensitivity, the average of 20 leaves was calculated.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the relationship between the photosynthetic sensitivity and the irradiation angle and the relationship between the brightness and the irradiation angle when the first lighting device 10b1 on the upper side irradiates the plant with light.

In FIG. 14, the plant was irradiated with light by using the first lighting device 10b1 arranged at a position higher than the plant. In FIG. 14, the horizontal axis is the irradiation angle of the optical axis of the first illumination device 10b1 with respect to the horizontal plane when the plant is irradiated with light from the upper side to the lower side, and the left vertical axis (corresponding to the solid line) is the plant. The photosynthetic sensitivity (μmol CO ₂ m ^-2 s ^-1 ), and the right vertical axis (corresponding to the broken line) is the brightness (cd / m ² ).

It was found that the photosynthetic sensitivity and the brightness increased when the irradiation angle was 20 ° to 70 ° in both the solid line and the broken line. In particular, it was found that the photosynthetic sensitivity and the brightness increased when the irradiation angle was 25 ° to 60 °.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the relationship between the photosynthetic sensitivity and the irradiation angle and the relationship between the brightness and the irradiation angle when the second lighting device 10b2 on the lower side irradiates the plant with light.

In FIG. 15, the plant was irradiated with light by using the second lighting device 10b2 arranged at a position of 1/2 or less of the height of the plant. In FIG. 15, the horizontal axis is the irradiation angle of the optical axis of the second lighting device 10b2 with respect to the horizontal plane when the plant is irradiated with light from the lower side to the upper side, and the vertical axis on the left side (corresponding to the solid line) is the plant. The photosynthetic sensitivity (μmol CO ₂ m ^-2 s ^-1 ), and the vertical axis on the right side (corresponding to the broken line) is the brightness (cd / m ² ).

It was found that the photosynthetic sensitivity and the brightness increased when the irradiation angle was 25 ° to 75 ° in both the solid line and the broken line. In particular, it was found that the photosynthetic sensitivity and the brightness increased when the irradiation angle was 30 ° to 70 °.

<Effect>
Next, the operation and effect of the lighting system 1a in the present embodiment will be described.

As described above, the lighting system 1a according to the present embodiment further includes a first detection unit 61 that detects at least one of the size, shape, and growth stage of the plant. Then, the control unit 20 acquires first information indicating at least one of the size, shape, and growth stage of the plant from the first detection unit 61, and based on the acquired first information, irradiates the plant with white light. And at least one of the irradiation range, irradiation direction and illuminance of red light is controlled.

According to this, at least one of the light distribution, irradiation direction and illuminance of white light and red light to irradiate the plant is controlled based on at least one of the size, shape and growth stage of the plant which is the state of the plant. be able to. Therefore, the appearance of the plant can be optimized, and the state of the plant can be optimized by suppressing the load applied to the plant.

In this embodiment as well, the same effects as those in the first embodiment are obtained.

(Other modifications, etc.)
Although the present disclosure has been described above based on the embodiments, the present disclosure is not limited to these embodiments and the like.

For example, in the light irradiation method, the lighting device, and the lighting system for growing plants according to the first to third embodiments, the control unit is provided as a device separate from the lighting device, but may be mounted on the lighting device.

Further, the light irradiation method for growing plants according to the first to third embodiments is realized by a program using a computer, and such a program may be stored in a storage device.

Further, the light irradiation method for growing plants, the lighting device, and each processing unit included in the lighting system according to the first to third embodiments are typically realized as an LSI which is an integrated circuit. These may be individually integrated into one chip, or may be integrated into one chip so as to include a part or all of them.

Further, the integrated circuit is not limited to the LSI, and may be realized by a dedicated circuit or a general-purpose processor. An FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) that can be programmed after the LSI is manufactured, or a reconfigurable processor that can reconfigure the connection and settings of circuit cells inside the LSI may be used.

In the first to third embodiments, each component may be configured by dedicated hardware or may be realized by executing a software program suitable for each component. Each component may be realized by a program execution unit such as a CPU or a processor reading and executing a software program recorded on a recording medium such as a hard disk or a semiconductor memory.

In addition, the numbers used above are all examples for the purpose of specifically explaining the present disclosure, and the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the illustrated numbers.

Further, the division of the functional block in the block diagram is an example, and a plurality of functional blocks can be realized as one functional block, one functional block can be divided into a plurality of functional blocks, and some functions can be transferred to other functional blocks. You may. Further, the functions of a plurality of functional blocks having similar functions may be processed by a single hardware or software in parallel or in a time division manner.

Further, the order in which each step in the flowchart is executed is for the purpose of exemplifying the present disclosure in detail, and may be an order other than the above. Further, a part of the above steps may be executed at the same time (parallel) as other steps.

In addition, by arbitrarily combining the components and functions in the first to third embodiments, the forms obtained by applying various modifications to the first to third embodiments that can be conceived by those skilled in the art, and the components and functions in the first to third embodiments are arbitrarily combined without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure. The realized forms are also included in the present disclosure.

1, 1a Lighting system 10 Lighting device 10a Light source 11 White light emitting diode 12 Red light emitting diode 20 Control unit 61 First detection unit (detection unit)

Claims (12)

A white light emitting diode that emits white light and a red light emitting diode or a red phosphor that emits red light are used to irradiate the plant with the white light and the red light.
The radiant energy of the red light emitted from the red light emitting diode or the red phosphor is controlled to be 1/2 or less of the radiant energy of the white light emitted from the white light emitting diode.
A light irradiation method for growing a plant, which comprises controlling at least one of the irradiation range, irradiation direction and illuminance of the white light and the red light according to at least one of the size, shape and growth stage of the plant. The light irradiation method for growing a plant according to claim 1, wherein the growth point of the plant is irradiated with the white light and the red light by controlling the irradiation range and the irradiation direction of the white light and the red light. The invention according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the white light and the red light are irradiated to a portion of 1/2 or less of the height of the plant by controlling the irradiation range and the irradiation direction of the white light and the red light. Light irradiation method for growing plants. The growth point of the plant is irradiated with 1200 lp or more of the white light and the red light, and the plant is irradiated with the white light and the red light.
A portion of 1/2 or less of the height of the plant is irradiated with 600 lp or more of the white light and the red light, which is smaller than the illuminance of the white light and the red light to irradiate the growth point of the plant. The light irradiation method for growing a plant according to claim 3. The growth point of the plant is irradiated with the white light and the red light of 600 lx or more and 1000 lp or less.
The light irradiation method for growing a plant according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a portion of 1/2 or less of the height of the plant is irradiated with 600 lx or more of the white light and the red light. When promoting the growth of the plant, the growth point of the plant is irradiated with 1200 lpx or more of the white light and the red light.
When maintaining the grass vigor of the plant,
The plant is irradiated with the white light and the red light, and the plant is irradiated with the white light and the red light.
A claim for irradiating the growth point of the plant with the white light and the red light of 600 lpx or more and 1000 lpx or less, and irradiating the portion of the plant height of 1/2 or less with the white light and the red light. Item 8. The light irradiation method for growing a plant according to any one of Items 1 to 3. The irradiation directions of the white light and the red light are changed according to the size and shape of the plant.
When a white light emitting diode and a lighting device having a red light emitting diode or a red phosphor are arranged at a position higher than the plant, the irradiation directions of the white light and the red light irradiated by the lighting device are horizontal. The angle to the direction is 25 ° -60 °
When the lighting device is arranged at a position equal to or less than 1/2 the height of the plant, the irradiation directions of the white light and the red light irradiated by the lighting device have an angle of 30 ° to the horizontal direction. The light irradiation method for growing a plant according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the temperature is 70 °. The white light and the red light that irradiate the plant with a plurality of the lighting devices arranged at a position higher than the plant and a position equal to or less than 1/2 the height of the plant. The light irradiation method for growing a plant according to claim 7, wherein the illuminance and the turning off of points are controlled. A light source having a white light emitting diode that emits white light, a red light emitting diode that emits red light, or a red phosphor, and irradiating the white light and the red light to a plant.
The radiant energy of the red light emitted from the red light emitting diode or the red phosphor is controlled to be 1/2 or less of the radiant energy of the white light emitted from the white light emitting diode, and the size of the plant. A lighting device including a control unit that controls at least one of the irradiation range, irradiation direction, and illuminance of the white light and the red light according to at least one of the shape and the growth stage. The lighting device according to claim 9, wherein the control unit controls the irradiation range and irradiation direction of the white light and the red light to irradiate the growth point of the plant with the white light and the red light. A lighting device having a white light emitting diode that emits white light, a red light emitting diode that emits red light, or a red phosphor, and irradiating the plant with the white light and the red light.
The radiant energy of the red light emitted from the red light emitting diode or the red phosphor is controlled to be 1/2 or less of the radiant energy of the white light emitted from the white light emitting diode, and the size of the plant. A lighting system comprising a control unit that controls at least one of the irradiation range, irradiation direction, and illuminance of the white light and the red light according to at least one of the shape and the growing stage. In addition, it is equipped with a detector that detects at least one of the size, shape and growth stage of the plant.
The control unit acquires information indicating at least one of the size, shape, and growth stage of the plant from the detection unit, and based on the acquired information, the white light and the red light to irradiate the plant. The lighting system according to claim 11, which controls at least one of an irradiation range, an irradiation direction, and an illuminance.

Images