JP2021110674A - Inspection method and inspection device of inner surface of bore - Google Patents

Inspection method and inspection device of inner surface of bore Download PDF

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JP2021110674A
JP2021110674A JP2020003601A JP2020003601A JP2021110674A JP 2021110674 A JP2021110674 A JP 2021110674A JP 2020003601 A JP2020003601 A JP 2020003601A JP 2020003601 A JP2020003601 A JP 2020003601A JP 2021110674 A JP2021110674 A JP 2021110674A
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bore
mirror
camera
light source
image
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JP7093066B2 (en
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昂洋 上田
Takahiro Ueda
昂洋 上田
昌司 西川
Masashi Nishikawa
昌司 西川
大器 前迫
Daiki Maesako
大器 前迫
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Toyota Motor Corp
Ryoei Co Ltd
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Toyota Motor Corp
Ryoei Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
    • G01N21/954—Inspecting the inner surface of hollow bodies, e.g. bores
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/30—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/8806—Specially adapted optical and illumination features

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

To provide an inspection method and an inspection device of an inner surface of a bore, which can accurately inspect a flaw made on a cross hatch on the inner surface of the bore without relying on human eyes.SOLUTION: A light beam from a light source 24 which is positioned outside an opening surface of a bore B of an engine block E is applied toward an inner part of the bore and reflection light from an inner surface of the bore, which is reflected in a mirror 25 inserted into the bore, is photographed by a camera 23 outside the opening surface of the bore. The light source and the mirror are rotated in a peripheral direction of the bore and moved in an axial direction of the bore, so that a flaw made on a cross hatch on the inner surface of the bore is inspected.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、エンジンのボアの内面に形成されたクロスハッチ上にできた傷を自動検査するに適した、ボア内面の検査方法及び検査装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to an inspection method and an inspection device for an inner surface of a bore, which is suitable for automatically inspecting a scratch formed on a crosshatch formed on the inner surface of the bore of an engine.

エンジンのボアは燃焼によるエネルギでピストンが高速で上下動する部位である。このためボアの内面にはエンジンオイルが塗られていないと、滑らかなピストン運動が行えない。もしボアの内面が鏡面であると、ピストンリングによりエンジンオイルがボア内面から全て掻き落されてしまうため、ピストン運動が行えなくなる。そこでボア内面には、砥石により深さが0.1mm以下の微細なクロス状の凹凸模様を形成し、凹部にエンジンオイルを保持させているのが一般的である。このクロス状に形成された凹凸模様はクロスハッチと呼ばれている。 The bore of the engine is the part where the piston moves up and down at high speed due to the energy generated by combustion. Therefore, if the inner surface of the bore is not coated with engine oil, smooth piston movement cannot be performed. If the inner surface of the bore is a mirror surface, the piston ring will scrape off all the engine oil from the inner surface of the bore, making it impossible to move the piston. Therefore, it is common that the inner surface of the bore is formed with a fine cross-shaped uneven pattern having a depth of 0.1 mm or less by a grindstone, and the engine oil is held in the concave portion. This uneven pattern formed in a cross shape is called a cross hatch.

クロスハッチは砥石を用いたホーニング加工により形成されるが、加工中にたまたま砥粒の脱落が生ずると、細かい凹凸模様の中に深い傷が混じることがある。これは不良品として排出しなければならない。 The crosshatch is formed by honing processing using a grindstone, but if the abrasive grains happen to fall off during processing, deep scratches may be mixed in the fine uneven pattern. This must be discharged as a defective product.

従来、ボア内面のクロスハッチ上にできた傷の検査は、ボアの中に光を当てながら人の目で行われていた。しかし検査員の個人差があったり、目の疲労が生じたりするために完全な検査は容易ではなかった。また面粗度の計測器をボア内に入れて微細な凹凸を数値データとして測定する方法もあるが、小さなボア内径内に計測器を収め、全周を検査することは容易ではなかった。 Conventionally, the inspection of scratches on the crosshatch on the inner surface of the bore has been performed by the human eye while shining light on the inside of the bore. However, a complete examination was not easy due to individual differences among inspectors and eye fatigue. There is also a method of putting a surface roughness measuring instrument in the bore to measure fine irregularities as numerical data, but it was not easy to put the measuring instrument in the small bore inner diameter and inspect the entire circumference.

このほか特許文献１には、ボアの内部にレーザ光源と受光用の鏡を挿入し、ボア内面からの反射光を鏡で受光してカメラで撮影するボア検査装置が開示されている。しかしボア内面に光源と受光器（鏡）を挿入すると、ボア内面からの強い反射光がハレーションとなるため微細な凹凸を検出するに適した鮮明な画像を得にくいという問題があるうえ、小径のボアの内部にはレーザ光源と受光用の鏡を挿入し難いという問題があった。 In addition, Patent Document 1 discloses a bore inspection device in which a laser light source and a light receiving mirror are inserted inside the bore, and the reflected light from the inner surface of the bore is received by the mirror and photographed by the camera. However, when a light source and a receiver (mirror) are inserted into the inner surface of the bore, there is a problem that it is difficult to obtain a clear image suitable for detecting fine irregularities because the strong reflected light from the inner surface of the bore becomes halation, and the diameter is small. There is a problem that it is difficult to insert a laser light source and a mirror for receiving light inside the bore.

実開平７−２３２１０号公報Jikkenhei 7-23210

従って本発明の目的は、人の目に頼ることなく、ボア内面のクロスハッチ上にできた傷を正確に検査することができるボア内面の検査方法及び検査装置を提供することである。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an inspection method and an inspection device for the inner surface of the bore, which can accurately inspect the scratches formed on the crosshatch on the inner surface of the bore without relying on the human eye.

上記の課題を解決するためになされた本発明のボア内面の検査方法は、エンジンのボアの開口面の外側に位置させた光源から、ボアの内部に向けて光線を照射し、ボアの内部に挿入した鏡に映るボア内面からの反射光をボアの開口面の外側のカメラにより撮影し、これらの光源及び鏡をボアの周方向に回転させるとともに、ボアの軸線方向に移動させ、ボアの内面の傷を検査することを特徴とするものである。 In the method for inspecting the inner surface of the bore of the present invention, which has been made to solve the above problems, a light source located outside the opening surface of the bore of the engine irradiates a light beam toward the inside of the bore to the inside of the bore. The reflected light from the inner surface of the bore reflected in the inserted mirror is photographed by a camera outside the opening surface of the bore, and these light sources and mirrors are rotated in the circumferential direction of the bore and moved in the axial direction of the bore to move the inner surface of the bore. It is characterized by inspecting a wound.

なお、光源からボアの軸線に対して15°から45°の角度でボア内面に光線を照射することが好ましい。また、鏡をボアの軸線に対して50°から60°の角度に傾斜させることが好ましい。また、カメラが撮影したボア内面の局部的な画像を360°にわたり合成し、良否を判別することが好ましい。 It is preferable to irradiate the inner surface of the bore with a light beam at an angle of 15 ° to 45 ° with respect to the axis of the bore from the light source. It is also preferable to tilt the mirror at an angle of 50 ° to 60 ° with respect to the axis of the bore. In addition, it is preferable to combine the local images of the inner surface of the bore taken by the camera over 360 ° to determine the quality.

更に、上記の課題を解決するためになされた本発明のボア内面の検査装置は、昇降機構に連結された昇降架台と、この昇降架台に支持され回転される回転台と、この回転台の中心に下向きに支持されたカメラと、この回転台の下面に保持されボアの内部に向けて光線を照射する光源と、この回転台の下面に保持されてボアの内部に挿入され、ボア内面の画像を前記カメラに向けて反射させる鏡とを備えたことを特徴とするものである。 Further, the inspection device for the inner surface of the bore of the present invention made to solve the above problems includes an elevating table connected to an elevating mechanism, a rotary table supported by the elevating table and rotated, and a center of the rotary table. A camera supported downwards, a light source held on the lower surface of this rotary table and irradiating light rays toward the inside of the bore, and an image of the inner surface of the bore held on the lower surface of the rotary table and inserted into the bore. It is characterized by being provided with a mirror that reflects the image toward the camera.

なお、昇降機構の側方に、検査対象となるエンジンブロックの移動手段を配置することが好ましい。 It is preferable to arrange the moving means of the engine block to be inspected on the side of the elevating mechanism.

本発明によれば、ボアの内部に鏡を挿入して回転させるだけで、ハレーションを避けながら、人の目に頼ることなく、ボア内面のクロスハッチ上にできた傷を正確に検査することができる。 According to the present invention, simply by inserting a mirror inside the bore and rotating it, it is possible to accurately inspect the scratches on the crosshatch on the inner surface of the bore while avoiding halation and without relying on the human eye. can.

実施形態のボア内面の検査装置の全体図である。It is the whole view of the inspection apparatus of the bore inner surface of an embodiment. 図１の要部の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the main part of FIG. 図２に対して直角方向の断面図である。It is sectional drawing in the direction perpendicular to FIG. 光源とカメラの関係を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the relationship between a light source and a camera. 光源をボアの内部に入れた場合の拡大断面図である。It is an enlarged cross-sectional view when the light source is put in the bore. 光源をボアの上方に設置した場合の拡大断面図である。It is an enlarged sectional view when the light source is installed above the bore. クロスハッチに入った傷の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the scratch which entered the cross hatch. フラットバー光源を用いた場合の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing when the flat bar light source is used. コリメーション光源を用いた場合の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing when the collimation light source is used. カメラが撮影した画像の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of the image taken by a camera. 画像処理の手順を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the procedure of image processing.

以下に図面を参照しつつ、本発明の実施形態を説明する。
図１は実施形態のボア内面の検査装置の全体図である。１０は左右一対の支柱であり、１１はこれらの支柱１０に支持された上部架台、１２は下部架台である。これらの上部架台１１と下部架台１２の間には複数本のガイドポスト１３が設けられている。１４はこれらのガイドポスト１３にガイドされ水平姿勢を保ったままで昇降することができる平板状の昇降架台である。 An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an overall view of the inspection device for the inner surface of the bore of the embodiment. Reference numeral 10 denotes a pair of left and right struts, 11 is an upper pedestal supported by these struts 10, and 12 is a lower pedestal. A plurality of guide posts 13 are provided between the upper pedestal 11 and the lower pedestal 12. Reference numeral 14 denotes a flat plate-shaped lifting platform that is guided by these guide posts 13 and can be raised and lowered while maintaining a horizontal posture.

この昇降架台１４の上面にはナット１５が固定されており、このナット１５に上部架台１１と下部架台１２の間に鉛直に設けられた送りねじ１６が貫通している。この送りねじ１６は上部架台１１の上方に設けられた昇降用モータ１７により正逆方向に回転され、昇降架台１４を昇降させることができるようになっている。なお１８は昇降用モータ１７と送りねじ１６を繋ぐカップリングである。これらのナット１５と送りねじ１６とにより、昇降機構が構成されている。 A nut 15 is fixed to the upper surface of the elevating pedestal 14, and a feed screw 16 provided vertically between the upper pedestal 11 and the lower pedestal 12 penetrates the nut 15. The feed screw 16 is rotated in the forward and reverse directions by an elevating motor 17 provided above the upper gantry 11, so that the elevating pedestal 14 can be raised and lowered. Reference numeral 18 denotes a coupling that connects the elevating motor 17 and the feed screw 16. The elevating mechanism is composed of these nuts 15 and feed screws 16.

図２に示されるように、昇降架台１４の下面にはギヤ１９を備えた回転台２０が回動可能に支持されている。昇降架台１４の下面には回転用モータ２１が設けられており、その回転軸に取り付けられた駆動ギヤ２２がギヤ１９と常に噛み合っている。このため回転台２０は任意の角度にわたり回転することができるとともに、昇降架台１４とともに昇降することができる。 As shown in FIG. 2, a rotary table 20 provided with a gear 19 is rotatably supported on the lower surface of the lifting table 14. A rotary motor 21 is provided on the lower surface of the lifting platform 14, and a drive gear 22 attached to the rotary shaft is always in mesh with the gear 19. Therefore, the rotary table 20 can be rotated over an arbitrary angle, and can be moved up and down together with the lifting table 14.

図２、図３に示すように、回転台２０の下面中央にはレンズ２９を備えたカメラ２３が下向きに取り付けられている。このカメラ２３の画像はリアルタイムで、あるいは記録媒体に記憶させて外部に取り出される。また回転台２０の下面には、光源２４と鏡２５とが取り付けられている。光源２４と鏡２５については、後述する。 As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a camera 23 provided with a lens 29 is attached downward to the center of the lower surface of the rotary table 20. The image of the camera 23 is taken out in real time or stored in a recording medium and taken out. A light source 24 and a mirror 25 are attached to the lower surface of the rotary table 20. The light source 24 and the mirror 25 will be described later.

支柱１０の前方位置には、エンジンブロックの移動手段２６が設けられている。この移動手段２６はレール２７とその上を移動できる移動台車２８とからなり、移動台車２８の上にエンジンブロックＥが搭載される。この実施例では４つのボアＢを備えたエンジンブロックＥが図示されており、図示を略した制御機構により、エンジンブロックＥは各ボアＢの中心が回転台２０の回転軸の直下に位置するように順次移動され、各ボアＢの内面が順次検査される。 A moving means 26 for the engine block is provided at a position in front of the support column 10. The moving means 26 includes a rail 27 and a moving carriage 28 that can move on the rail 27, and the engine block E is mounted on the moving carriage 28. In this embodiment, an engine block E having four bores B is illustrated, and the engine block E is such that the center of each bore B is located directly below the rotation axis of the rotary table 20 by a control mechanism (not shown). The inner surface of each bore B is sequentially inspected.

鏡２５は、回転台２０から垂下するアーム２７の先端に斜めに取り付けられている。この鏡２５にはボアＢの内面の画像が写り、それをカメラ２３が撮影する。このため鏡２５は鏡面を上向きにして斜めに取り付けられる。光源２４は鏡２５がボアＢの最も深い位置まで降下した場合にもなおボアＢの開口面の外側に位置するように、鏡２５よりも高い位置に取り付けられている。 The mirror 25 is obliquely attached to the tip of an arm 27 that hangs from the rotary table 20. An image of the inner surface of the bore B is captured in the mirror 25, and the camera 23 captures the image. Therefore, the mirror 25 is mounted obliquely with the mirror surface facing upward. The light source 24 is attached at a position higher than the mirror 25 so that the light source 24 is still located outside the opening surface of the bore B even when the mirror 25 is lowered to the deepest position of the bore B.

この実施例では光源２４は横長のフラットバー照明であり、ボアＢの開口面の外側から図４に示すようにボアＢの内面のクロスハッチを斜めに照らす。図５に示すようにボアＢの内部に光源を挿入し、ボアＢの内面に対して垂直方向に照明を当てた場合、もしクロスハッチに深い傷があるとその部分から垂直に反射される光量は正常部分よりも減少するはずである。しかし深い傷からの反射光は平面部からの反射光にかき消されてしまい、深い傷を検出することは困難である。 In this embodiment, the light source 24 is a horizontally long flat bar illumination, and obliquely illuminates the cross hatch on the inner surface of the bore B from the outside of the opening surface of the bore B as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, when a light source is inserted inside the bore B and illuminated in the direction perpendicular to the inner surface of the bore B, if there is a deep scratch on the crosshatch, the amount of light reflected vertically from that portion. Should be less than the normal part. However, the reflected light from the deep scratch is drowned out by the reflected light from the flat surface portion, and it is difficult to detect the deep scratch.

これに対して図６に示すように、ボアＢの開口面の外側からボアＢの軸線（鉛直線）に対して斜めに光線を照射すると、大部分の光は反対方向に反射され、鏡２５の方向には帰らない。そして深い傷の部分で乱反射した光だけが鏡２５の方向に向かうので、カメラ２３による撮影が可能となる。このような理由により、本発明ではボアＢの開口面の外側に位置させた光源２４から、ボアＢの内部に向けて斜めに光線を照射し、ボアＢの内部に挿入した鏡２５に映るボア内面からの反射光を局部的な画像としてボアＢの上方のカメラ２３により撮影している。 On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6, when a light beam is applied obliquely to the axis (vertical line) of the bore B from the outside of the opening surface of the bore B, most of the light is reflected in the opposite direction and the mirror 25 Do not return in the direction of. Then, since only the light diffusely reflected in the deep scratched portion goes in the direction of the mirror 25, the camera 23 can take a picture. For this reason, in the present invention, the light source 24 located outside the opening surface of the bore B irradiates a light beam obliquely toward the inside of the bore B and is reflected in the mirror 25 inserted inside the bore B. The reflected light from the inner surface is taken as a local image by the camera 23 above the bore B.

発明者が試行錯誤を繰り返した結果、ボア内面への光線の照射角度はボアＢの軸線（鉛直線）に対して15°から45°が好ましい。また、図４に示す鏡２５の角度ＡはボアＢの軸線に対して50°から60°が最適であった。鏡２５の角度を45°とすると反射の画面全体が明るすぎてハレーションに近い状況になり見え難い。逆にこの角度Ａが60°を超えると、画面全体に来る反射光量が不足し、画面が暗くなってしまう。このため45°から少し振った50°から60°が最適となる。 As a result of repeated trial and error by the inventor, the irradiation angle of the light beam on the inner surface of the bore is preferably 15 ° to 45 ° with respect to the axis (vertical line) of the bore B. The optimum angle A of the mirror 25 shown in FIG. 4 was 50 ° to 60 ° with respect to the axis of the bore B. If the angle of the mirror 25 is 45 °, the entire reflection screen is too bright and the situation is close to halation, making it difficult to see. On the contrary, if this angle A exceeds 60 °, the amount of reflected light coming to the entire screen is insufficient, and the screen becomes dark. For this reason, 50 ° to 60 °, which is slightly shaken from 45 °, is optimal.

また、クロスハッチの正常な凹凸模様とその中にある深い傷とは同じ傾きを持っているため、図７に示すようにクロスハッチを形成している２方向の筋模様に対してそれぞれ垂直方向から光を当てると傷の反射が起こり易くなる。図８に示すようにボアＢの上方からボア内部に向けて幅のある広がりのある照明を当てることが好ましい。そこで本実施形態では光源２４として横長のフラットバー照明を用いている。 Further, since the normal uneven pattern of the crosshatch and the deep scratches in the crosshatch have the same inclination, as shown in FIG. 7, each direction is perpendicular to the two-direction streak pattern forming the crosshatch. When light is applied from the surface, scratches are likely to be reflected. As shown in FIG. 8, it is preferable to illuminate a wide area from above the bore B toward the inside of the bore. Therefore, in the present embodiment, a horizontally long flat bar illumination is used as the light source 24.

しかし、図９に示すようにコリメーション光源を用いることもできる。この場合には拡散光は得られないので、クロスハッチを形成している２方向の筋模様に対してそれぞれ垂直方向からコリメーション光を当てることが好ましい。 However, a collimation light source can also be used as shown in FIG. In this case, diffused light cannot be obtained, so it is preferable to irradiate collimation light from the vertical direction with respect to the streaks in the two directions forming the crosshatch.

上記のように光源２４と鏡２５の角度を設定し、回転台２０とともに360°回転することにより、全周を検査する。またボアＢの長さが長い場合には昇降機構により回転台２０を昇降させることにより、ボアＢの内面全体の検査を行うことができる。なお、エンジンブロックＥにボアＢが複数ある場合には、エンジンブロックの移動手段２６によりエンジンブロックを移動させ、次のボアＢの内面を検査する。 The entire circumference is inspected by setting the angle between the light source 24 and the mirror 25 as described above and rotating 360 ° together with the rotary table 20. When the length of the bore B is long, the entire inner surface of the bore B can be inspected by raising and lowering the rotary table 20 by the elevating mechanism. When there are a plurality of bores B in the engine block E, the engine block is moved by the moving means 26 of the engine block, and the inner surface of the next bore B is inspected.

上記のようにして撮影される画像は、円筒面の中心からボアの内表面を撮影した画像である。ボアの内表面は曲面であるため、図１０に示されるようにカメラのレンズ歪による中心とまわりで画像の伸縮による寸法違いも合わさった歪んだ画像である。なお黒丸はボアの内表面の円を撮影した場合の画像の歪を示すためのものである。 The image taken as described above is an image of the inner surface of the bore taken from the center of the cylindrical surface. Since the inner surface of the bore is a curved surface, as shown in FIG. 10, the distorted image is a combination of dimensional differences due to expansion and contraction of the image at the center and around the lens distortion of the camera. The black circles are for showing the distortion of the image when the circle on the inner surface of the bore is photographed.

この画像から図１１に示すように中心部の所定範囲を抽出し、画像処理してＸ、Ｙ方向に均一な尺度の平面に換算した画像に変換する。この画像はボア内面の一部であるため、撮影した画像を横に並べて合成し、全周の画像とする。また鏡２５をボアＢの軸線方向にスライドさせて撮影した画像は、この全周画像の上下に合成される。このようにして合成した画像を解析して良否の判定を行うことができる。しかし処理時間やデータボリュームが増大するため、360°の１周づつの画像を解析して良否の判定を行うようにしてもよい。上記の画像処理は、コリメーション光源を用いた場合にも同様である。 As shown in FIG. 11, a predetermined range of the central portion is extracted from this image, image processing is performed, and the image is converted into an image converted into a plane having a uniform scale in the X and Y directions. Since this image is a part of the inner surface of the bore, the captured images are arranged side by side and combined to obtain an image of the entire circumference. Further, an image taken by sliding the mirror 25 in the axial direction of the bore B is combined above and below this all-around image. The image synthesized in this way can be analyzed to determine the quality. However, since the processing time and the data volume increase, the quality may be judged by analyzing the image of each 360 ° round. The above image processing is the same when a collimation light source is used.

なお、均一な尺度の平面に換算した画像に変換するためには、ボア内面と同じ曲率を持ったキャリブレーションボードを作り、これをボア内面と同じ位置で撮影し、この画像をキャリブレーションボードと同じ寸法になるように補正するプログラムを作り、処理して行くようにすればよい。 In addition, in order to convert to an image converted to a plane of uniform scale, make a calibration board with the same curvature as the inner surface of the bore, shoot this at the same position as the inner surface of the bore, and use this image as the calibration board. You can create a program that corrects the dimensions so that they have the same dimensions, and process them.

以上に説明したように、本発明によればエンジンブロックＥのボア内面のクロスハッチ上にできた傷を正確に検査することができる。また本発明によれば、クロスハッチ上のカケや鋳巣も検出することができる。さらに、カメラ２３としてカラーカメラを使用すれば、ボア内面の汚れや錆びをも検出することができる。 As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to accurately inspect the scratches formed on the cross hatch on the inner surface of the bore of the engine block E. Further, according to the present invention, chips and cavities on the cross hatch can also be detected. Further, if a color camera is used as the camera 23, dirt and rust on the inner surface of the bore can be detected.

１０ 支柱
１１ 上部架台
１２ 下部架台
１３ ガイドポスト
１４ 昇降架台
１５ ナット
１６ 送りねじ
１７ 昇降用モータ
１８ カップリング
１９ ギヤ
２０ 回転台
２１ 回転用モータ
２２ 駆動ギヤ
２３ カメラ
２４ 光源
２５ 鏡
２６ 移動手段
２７ レール
２８ 移動台車
２９ レンズ 10 Strut 11 Upper pedestal 12 Lower pedestal 13 Guide post 14 Lifting stand 15 Nut 16 Feed screw 17 Lifting motor 18 Coupling 19 Gear 20 Rotating table 21 Rotating motor 22 Drive gear 23 Camera 24 Light source 25 Mirror 26 Moving means 27 Rail 28 Mobile trolley 29 lens

Claims (6)

エンジンのボアの開口面の外側に位置させた光源から、ボアの内部に向けて光線を照射し、ボアの内部に挿入した鏡に映るボア内面からの反射光をボアの開口面の外側のカメラにより撮影し、これらの光源及び鏡をボアの周方向に回転させるとともに、ボアの軸線方向に移動させ、ボアの内面の傷を検査することを特徴とするボア内面の検査方法。 A light source located outside the opening surface of the bore of the engine irradiates light rays toward the inside of the bore, and the reflected light from the inside surface of the bore reflected in the mirror inserted inside the bore is reflected by the camera outside the opening surface of the bore. A method for inspecting the inner surface of a bore, which comprises rotating these light sources and mirrors in the circumferential direction of the bore and moving them in the axial direction of the bore to inspect the scratches on the inner surface of the bore. 光源からボアの軸線に対して15°から45°の角度でボア内面に光線を照射することを特徴とする請求項１に記載のボア内面の検査方法。 The method for inspecting the inner surface of a bore according to claim 1, wherein the inner surface of the bore is irradiated with a light ray at an angle of 15 ° to 45 ° with respect to the axis of the bore from the light source. 鏡を、ボアの軸線に対して50°から60°の角度に傾斜させることを特徴とする請求項１に記載のボア内面の検査方法。 The method for inspecting the inner surface of a bore according to claim 1, wherein the mirror is tilted at an angle of 50 ° to 60 ° with respect to the axis of the bore. カメラが撮影したボア内面の局部的な画像を360°にわたり合成し、良否を判別することを特徴とする請求項１に記載のボア内面の検査方法。 The method for inspecting the inner surface of a bore according to claim 1, wherein a local image of the inner surface of the bore taken by a camera is combined over 360 ° to determine whether the image is good or bad. 昇降機構に連結された昇降架台と、この昇降架台に支持され回転される回転台と、この回転台の中心に下向きに支持されたカメラと、この回転台の下面に保持されボアの内部に向けて光線を照射する光源と、この回転台の下面に保持されてボアの内部に挿入され、ボア内面の画像を前記カメラに向けて反射させる鏡とを備えたことを特徴とするボア内面の検査装置。 An elevating table connected to the elevating mechanism, a rotary table supported by the elevating table and rotated, a camera supported downward in the center of the rotary table, and a camera held on the lower surface of the rotary table and directed toward the inside of the bore. An inspection of the inner surface of the bore, which comprises a light source that irradiates light rays and a mirror that is held on the lower surface of the rotary table and inserted into the bore to reflect an image of the inner surface of the bore toward the camera. Device. 昇降機構の側方に、検査対象となるエンジンブロックの移動手段を配置したことを特徴とする請求項５に記載のボア内面の検査装置。 The inspection device for the inner surface of the bore according to claim 5, wherein the moving means of the engine block to be inspected is arranged on the side of the elevating mechanism.
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