JP2021110148A - Joint material and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 340
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 222
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 222
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 5
- -1 that is Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005445 natural material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本発明は目地材およびその製造方法に関し、たとえば補強土（テールアルメ）壁工法の壁面材に用いられるコンクリートスキン同士の隙間などに使用される目地材およびその製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a joint material and a method for manufacturing the same, and for example, a joint material used for a gap between concrete skins used for a wall material of a reinforced soil (tail arme) wall construction method and a method for manufacturing the joint material.
この種の目地材として、コルクが多用されている。しかし、コルクは透水性がないため、設置にあたり、透水部分としての空間を断続的に設けならなければならないという問題点がある。さらに上記の空間からの土砂の流出を抑制するため、コルク製の目地材の表面に、透水性は有するが土砂の流出を抑制することができる不織布を取り付けなければならないといった、構造上および作業上の問題点が存在する。またコルクは限られた天然資材であるといった問題点も有する。 Cork is often used as a joint material of this type. However, since cork is not water permeable, there is a problem that a space as a water permeable part must be provided intermittently when installing the cork. Furthermore, in order to suppress the outflow of earth and sand from the above space, a non-woven fabric that has water permeability but can suppress the outflow of earth and sand must be attached to the surface of the cork joint material, which is structurally and work-wise. There is a problem with. Cork also has the problem that it is a limited natural material.
その一方で、コルク以外の材料を用いた目地材が開発されている。たとえば特許文献１には、コンクリート擁壁を構築するための多数のパネル壁のうちの上下に隣接するパネル壁同士の間の目地空間部に介在される目地材であって、ゴムと補強用の繊維材料とを混練したものが記載されている。 On the other hand, joint materials using materials other than cork have been developed. For example, in Patent Document 1, a joint material interposed in a joint space between vertically adjacent panel walls among a large number of panel walls for constructing a concrete retaining wall, which is used for rubber and reinforcement. The one kneaded with the fiber material is described.
しかしながら、ゴム資材も透水性がないため、設置にあたりコルクの場合と同様に透水部分としての空間を断続的に設けならなければならず、さらにこの空間からの土砂の流出を抑制するために目地材の表面に不織布を取り付けなければならないといった構造上および作業上の問題点がある。 However, since the rubber material is also non-permeable, a space as a water-permeable part must be provided intermittently for installation as in the case of cork, and a joint material is used to suppress the outflow of earth and sand from this space. There are structural and work problems such as the need to attach a non-woven fabric to the surface of the.
そこで本発明は、このような問題点を解決して、所望の圧縮特性を有するとともに、透水性を有し、かつ設置時の作業性の向上も図ることができる目地材およびその製造方法を提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, the present invention provides a joint material and a method for producing the same, which solves such a problem, has desired compression characteristics, has water permeability, and can improve workability at the time of installation. The purpose is to do.
この目的を達成するため、本発明の第１の目地材は、
互いに融点差を有する複数種類の重合体により形成された複合短繊維を構成繊維とするか、または、高融点重合体により形成される高融点短繊維と、低融点重合体により形成される低融点短繊維とを含む混合体を構成繊維とする短繊維成形体にて形成され、
前記短繊維成形体は、低融点の重合体によって繊維同士が熱接着された状態で圧縮成形されたものであって、目付が５〜９ｋｇ／ｍ２、厚さが１０〜３０ｍｍであることを特徴とする。
In order to achieve this object, the first joint material of the present invention is
Composite short fibers formed by a plurality of types of polymers having different melting points from each other are used as constituent fibers, or high melting point short fibers formed by a high melting point polymer and a low melting point formed by a low melting point polymer. It is formed of a short fiber molded body whose constituent fibers are a mixture containing short fibers.
The short fiber molded product is compression-molded in a state where the fibers are heat-bonded to each other by a polymer having a low melting point, and has a grain size of 5 to 9 kg / m 2 and a thickness of 10 to 30 mm. It is a feature.
本発明の第２の目地材は、
互いに融点差を有する複数種類の重合体により構成され少なくとも低融点の重合体が繊維表面に露出した複合長繊維を構成繊維とするか、または、高融点重合体により形成される高融点長繊維と、低融点重合体により形成される低融点長繊維とを含む混合体を構成繊維とする長繊維成形体にて形成され、
前記長繊維成形体は、低融点の重合体によって繊維同士が熱接着された状態で圧縮成形されたものであって、目付が５〜９ｋｇ／ｍ２、厚さが１０〜３０ｍｍであることを特徴とする。
The second joint material of the present invention is
A composite long fiber composed of a plurality of types of polymers having different melting points from each other and having at least a low melting point polymer exposed on the fiber surface is used as a constituent fiber, or a high melting point long fiber formed by a high melting point polymer. , Formed in a long fiber molded body whose constituent fibers are a mixture containing low melting point long fibers formed of a low melting point polymer.
The long fiber molded product is compression-molded in a state where the fibers are heat-bonded to each other by a polymer having a low melting point, and has a grain size of 5 to 9 kg / m 2 and a thickness of 10 to 30 mm. It is a feature.
本発明の第３の目地材は、
互いに融点差を有する複数種類の重合体により形成された複合短繊維を構成繊維とするか、または、高融点重合体により形成される高融点短繊維と、低融点重合体により形成される低融点短繊維とを含む混合体を構成繊維とする短繊維成形体にて形成された第１の層と、
互いに融点差を有する複数種類の重合体により構成され少なくとも低融点の重合体が繊維表面に露出した複合長繊維を構成繊維とするか、または、高融点重合体により形成される高融点長繊維と、低融点重合体により形成される低融点長繊維とを含む混合体を構成繊維とする長繊維不織布にて形成された第２の層とが積層され、
前記短繊維を形成する低融点の重合体によって短繊維同士が熱接着されるとともに、前記長繊維を形成する低融点の重合体によって長繊維同士が熱接着された状態で、圧縮成形されたものであり、かつ
目付が５〜９ｋｇ／ｍ２、厚さが１０〜３０ｍｍであることを特徴とする。
The third joint material of the present invention is
Composite short fibers formed by a plurality of types of polymers having different melting points from each other are used as constituent fibers, or high melting point short fibers formed by a high melting point polymer and a low melting point formed by a low melting point polymer. A first layer formed of a short fiber molded body having a mixture containing short fibers as a constituent fiber, and
A composite long fiber composed of a plurality of types of polymers having different melting points from each other and having at least a low melting point polymer exposed on the fiber surface is used as a constituent fiber, or a high melting point long fiber formed by a high melting point polymer. , A second layer formed of a long fiber non-woven fabric having a mixture containing low melting point long fibers formed of a low melting point polymer as a constituent fiber is laminated.
Short fibers are heat-bonded to each other by the low melting point polymer forming the short fibers, and long fibers are heat-bonded to each other by the low melting point polymer forming the long fibers. It is characterized by having a grain size of 5 to 9 kg / m 2 and a thickness of 10 to 30 mm.
本発明によれば、上記した第１または第３の目地材において、複合短繊維は、芯成分がポリエステルであるとともに、鞘成分が、前記芯成分のポリエステルよりも低融点の共重合ポリエステルである芯鞘型複合短繊維であることが好適である。 According to the present invention, in the above-mentioned first or third joint material, the composite short fiber has a core component of polyester and a sheath component of a copolymerized polyester having a lower melting point than the polyester of the core component. It is preferably a core-sheath type composite short fiber.
本発明によれば、上記した第２または第３の目地材において、複合長繊維は、芯成分がポリエステルであるとともに、鞘成分が、前記芯成分のポリエステルよりも低融点の共重合ポリエステルである芯鞘型複合長繊維であることが好適である。 According to the present invention, in the above-mentioned second or third joint material, the composite long fiber has a core component of polyester and a sheath component of a copolymerized polyester having a lower melting point than the polyester of the core component. It is preferably a core-sheath type composite long fiber.
また本発明によれば、上記した第２または第３の目地材において、長繊維不織布は、構成繊維同士が互いに三次元的に交絡していることが好適である。 Further, according to the present invention, in the above-mentioned second or third joint material, it is preferable that the constituent fibers of the long-fiber non-woven fabric are three-dimensionally entangled with each other.
本発明の第１の目地材の製造方法は、
互いに融点差を有する複数種類の重合体により形成された複合短繊維を構成繊維とするか、または、高融点重合体により形成される高融点短繊維と、低融点重合体により形成される低融点短繊維とを含む混合体を構成繊維とする短繊維不織ウェブを用い、
前記短繊維不織ウェブに加熱圧縮処理を施すことによって、前記短繊維不織ウェブにおける低融点の重合体によって繊維同士を熱接着させた状態で圧縮成形させることで、目付が５〜９ｋｇ／ｍ２、厚さが１０〜３０ｍｍの目地材を得ることを特徴とする。
The method for producing the first joint material of the present invention is
Composite short fibers formed by a plurality of types of polymers having different melting points from each other are used as constituent fibers, or high melting point short fibers formed by a high melting point polymer and a low melting point formed by a low melting point polymer. Using a short fiber non-woven web whose constituent fibers are a mixture containing short fibers,
By subjecting the short fiber non-woven web to heat compression treatment, the fibers are compression-molded in a state of being heat-bonded to each other by a polymer having a low melting point in the short fiber non-woven web, so that the texture is 5 to 9 kg / m. 2. It is characterized in that a joint material having a thickness of 10 to 30 mm is obtained.
本発明の第２の目地材の製造方法は、
互いに融点差を有する複数種類の重合体により構成され少なくとも低融点の重合体が繊維表面に露出した複合長繊維を構成繊維とするか、または、高融点重合体により形成される高融点長繊維と、低融点重合体により形成される低融点長繊維とを含む混合体を構成繊維とする長繊維不織ウェブを用い、
前記長繊維不織ウェブに加熱圧縮処理を施すことによって、前記長繊維不織ウェブにおける低融点の重合体によって繊維同士を熱接着させた状態で圧縮成形させることで、目付が５〜９ｋｇ／ｍ２、厚さが１０〜３０ｍｍの目地材を得ることを特徴とする。
The method for producing the second joint material of the present invention is
A composite long fiber composed of a plurality of types of polymers having different melting points from each other and having at least a low melting point polymer exposed on the fiber surface is used as a constituent fiber, or a high melting point long fiber formed by a high melting point polymer. Using a long fiber non-woven web whose constituent fibers are a mixture containing low melting point long fibers formed of a low melting point polymer.
By subjecting the long fiber non-woven web to heat compression treatment, the fibers are compression-molded in a state of being heat-bonded to each other by a polymer having a low melting point in the long fiber non-woven web, so that the texture is 5 to 9 kg / m. 2. It is characterized in that a joint material having a thickness of 10 to 30 mm is obtained.
本発明の第３の目地材の製造方法は、
互いに融点差を有する複数種類の重合体により形成された複合短繊維を構成繊維とするか、または、高融点重合体により形成される高融点短繊維と、低融点重合体により形成される低融点短繊維とを含む混合体を構成繊維とする短繊維不織ウェブにて形成された第１の層と、
互いに融点差を有する複数種類の重合体により構成され少なくとも低融点の重合体が繊維表面に露出した複合長繊維を構成繊維とするか、または、高融点重合体により形成される高融点長繊維と、低融点重合体により形成される低融点長繊維とを含む混合体を構成繊維とする長繊維不織ウェブにて形成された第２の層とを積み重ね、
第１の層と第２の層とを積み重ねたものに加熱圧縮処理を施すことで、前記短繊維を形成する低融点の重合体によって不織ウェブの繊維同士を熱接着させるとともに、前記長繊維を形成する低融点の重合体によって不織ウェブの繊維同士を熱接着させた状態で、圧縮成形を施し、
それによって、目付が５〜９ｋｇ／ｍ２、厚さが１０〜３０ｍｍの目地材を得ることを特徴とする。
The method for producing the third joint material of the present invention is as follows.
Composite short fibers formed by a plurality of types of polymers having different melting points from each other are used as constituent fibers, or high melting point short fibers formed by a high melting point polymer and a low melting point formed by a low melting point polymer. A first layer formed of a short fiber non-woven web whose constituent fibers are a mixture containing short fibers, and a first layer.
A composite long fiber composed of a plurality of types of polymers having different melting points from each other and having at least a low melting point polymer exposed on the fiber surface is used as a constituent fiber, or a high melting point long fiber formed by a high melting point polymer. , A second layer formed of a long fiber non-woven web having a mixture containing low melting point long fibers formed of a low melting point polymer as a constituent fiber is stacked.
By heat-compressing the stacked first layer and the second layer, the fibers of the non-woven web are heat-bonded to each other by the low melting point polymer forming the short fibers, and the long fibers are formed. In a state where the fibers of the non-woven web are heat-bonded to each other by the low melting point polymer forming the above, compression molding is performed.
As a result, a joint material having a basis weight of 5 to 9 kg / m 2 and a thickness of 10 to 30 mm is obtained.
本発明によれば、上記した第１または第２の目地材の製造方法において、複合短繊維として、芯成分がポリエステルであるとともに、鞘成分が、前記芯成分のポリエステルよりも低融点の共重合ポリエステルである芯鞘型複合短繊維を用いることが好適である。 According to the present invention, in the method for producing the first or second joint material described above, the core component of the composite short fiber is polyester, and the sheath component is a copolymer having a lower melting point than the polyester of the core component. It is preferable to use a core-sheath type composite short fiber which is polyester.
本発明によれば、上記した第２または第３の目地材の製造方法において、複合長繊維として、芯成分がポリエステルであるとともに、鞘成分が、前記芯成分のポリエステルよりも低融点の共重合ポリエステルである芯鞘型複合長繊維を用いることが好適である。 According to the present invention, in the above-mentioned method for producing a second or third joint material, the core component of the composite long fiber is polyester, and the sheath component is a copolymer having a lower melting point than the polyester of the core component. It is preferable to use a core-sheath type composite long fiber which is polyester.
本発明によれば、上記した第２または第３の目地材の製造方法において、長繊維不織ウェブの構成繊維同士を互いに三次元的に交絡させることが好適である。 According to the present invention, in the method for producing the second or third joint material described above, it is preferable that the constituent fibers of the long fiber non-woven web are three-dimensionally entangled with each other.
本発明の目地材によれば、特定の繊維を構成繊維とする不織ウェブを加熱圧縮した特定の繊維成形体から構成されていることにより、補強土壁工法などにおける施工時の上下の壁面材同士の直接の接触による損傷を抑制し、鉛直方向に積み上げられる壁面材同士の間の緩衝材の役目を呈するとともに、壁面材の重量による圧縮力を吸収し、しかも、繊維にて形成されているために透水性を有しており、したがって目地部に配するだけでよく後処理などが不要であるために施工性に優れる。 According to the joint material of the present invention, since it is composed of a specific fiber molded body obtained by heating and compressing a non-woven web having a specific fiber as a constituent fiber, the upper and lower wall materials at the time of construction in a reinforced soil wall method or the like. It suppresses damage due to direct contact between the wall materials, acts as a cushioning material between the wall materials stacked in the vertical direction, absorbs the compressive force due to the weight of the wall materials, and is formed of fibers. Therefore, it has water permeability, and therefore it is excellent in workability because it only needs to be arranged at the joint and no post-treatment is required.
本発明の目地材の製造方法によれば、上記した特定の目地材を得ることができる。 According to the method for producing a joint material of the present invention, the above-mentioned specific joint material can be obtained.
［第１の目地材］
＜短繊維成形体にて形成されたもの＞
短繊維にて構成される成形体は、互いに融点差を有する複数種類の重合体により形成された複合短繊維を構成繊維とするか、または、高融点重合体により形成される高融点短繊維と、低融点重合体により形成される低融点短繊維とを含む混合体を構成繊維とする。
[First joint material]
<Molded with short fiber molded body>
The molded body composed of short fibers may be composed of composite short fibers formed of a plurality of types of polymers having different melting points from each other, or may be a high melting point short fiber formed of a high melting point polymer. , A mixture containing low melting point short fibers formed by a low melting point polymer is used as a constituent fiber.
まず、互いに融点差を有する複数種類の重合体により形成された複合短繊維を構成繊維とする場合について説明する。この複合短繊維は、少なくとも低融点の重合体が繊維の表面に存在することが必要である。複合形態としては、高融点の重合体が芯部に配されるとともに、それよりも低融点の重合体が鞘部に配された芯鞘型複合形態や、横断面半月状の高融点の重合体と、それよりも低融点の重合体とが横断面において半周ずつ存在するサイドバイサイド型複合形態や、その他の複合形態を挙げることができる。なお、本発明において、複合形態を採用する場合は、芯鞘型複合形態が好ましく用いられる。 First, a case where composite short fibers formed by a plurality of types of polymers having different melting points from each other are used as constituent fibers will be described. This composite short fiber requires at least a low melting point polymer to be present on the surface of the fiber. As the composite form, a core-sheath type composite form in which a polymer having a high melting point is arranged in a core portion and a polymer having a lower melting point is arranged in a sheath portion, or a heavy melting point having a crescent-shaped cross section and a high melting point. Examples thereof include a side-by-side type composite form in which a coalescence and a polymer having a melting point lower than that are present in half circumferences in a cross section, and other composite forms. When the composite form is adopted in the present invention, the core-sheath type composite form is preferably used.
芯鞘型複合繊維の場合の芯成分と鞘成分との質量割合は、芯成分：鞘成分＝０．３〜４：１程度が好適である。芯成分の質量割合が低すぎると、加熱圧縮のために熱を受けたときの形態保持性が低下する傾向となり、また、最終的に得られる目地材の強度や剛性が低下する傾向が生じる。反対に、芯成分の質量割合が高すぎると、加熱圧縮による成形時に一体化されにくく、また得られる成形体の密度が高くならずに変形しやすい傾向となり、さらには、表面に毛羽立ちが生じやすくなる。芯成分と鞘成分は、同心に配置されていてもよいし、偏心して配置されていてもよい。しかしながら、偏心に配置されていると、加熱圧縮による成形時に収縮が生じやすくなるため、同心に配置されている方が好ましい。 In the case of a core-sheath type composite fiber, the mass ratio of the core component to the sheath component is preferably about 0.3 to 4: 1 of core component: sheath component. If the mass ratio of the core component is too low, the shape retention when heat is received due to heat compression tends to decrease, and the strength and rigidity of the finally obtained joint material tend to decrease. On the other hand, if the mass ratio of the core component is too high, it is difficult to integrate the core component during molding by heat compression, and the obtained molded product tends to be deformed without increasing the density, and further, fluffing is likely to occur on the surface. Become. The core component and the sheath component may be arranged concentrically or eccentrically. However, if they are arranged eccentrically, shrinkage is likely to occur during molding by heat compression, so that they are preferably arranged concentrically.
この複合短繊維においては、高融点の重合体が高融点ポリエステルであり、それよりも低融点の重合体が低融点ポリエステルであることが好ましい。その場合において、高融点ポリエステルの融点は２５０〜２８０℃程度であり、低融点ポリエステルの融点は１１０℃〜２４０℃程度である。 In this composite short fiber, it is preferable that the polymer having a high melting point is a high melting point polyester and the polymer having a lower melting point is a low melting point polyester. In that case, the melting point of the high melting point polyester is about 250 to 280 ° C., and the melting point of the low melting point polyester is about 110 ° C. to 240 ° C.
このようなものの例として、高融点の重合体がエチレングリコールとテレフタル酸の共重合体すなわちポリエステルにて形成され、低融点の重合体がエチレングリコールとアジピン酸とテレフタル酸を含む共重合体すなわち共重合ポリエステルにて形成されたものであることが好適である。あるいは、これに代えて、低融点の重合体がエチレングリコールとイソフタル酸とテレフタル酸を含む共重合ポリエステルにて形成されたものであることも好適である。詳細には、高融点の重合体は、エチレングリコールをジオール成分とし、テレフタル酸をジカルボン酸成分として脱水縮合して得られるポリエステルである。なお、ジカルボン酸成分として、ごく少量のイソフタル酸等の他のジカルボン酸成分が混合されていてもよい。この場合の高融点の重合体の融点は約２６０℃であり、そのガラス転移点は約７０〜８０℃である。低融点の重合体は、上記の第１番目の例の場合は、エチレングリコールをジオール成分とし、アジピン酸とテレフタル酸をジカルボン酸成分として脱水縮合して得られる共重合ポリエステルである。ジカルボン酸成分であるアジピン酸とテレフタル酸との混合割合は任意であるが、アジピン酸：テレフタル酸＝１：１〜１０（モル比）程度が好適である。ジオール成分として、少量のジエチレングリコールが混合されてもよく、その場合のジエチレングリコールの混合量は、ジオール成分中に０．５〜５．０モル％程度である。またさらに、ジカルボン酸成分として、少量のイソフタル酸が混合されているのが好ましい。その場合のイソフタル酸の混合量は、ジカルボン酸成分中に２．０〜５．０モル％程度である。この共重合体の融点は約２００℃であり、そのガラス転移点は約４０〜５０℃である。また、別の低融点の重合体は、すなわち上記の第２番目の例の場合は、エチレングリコールをジオール成分とし、イソフタル酸とテレフタル酸をジカルボン酸成分として脱水縮合して得られる共重合ポリエステルである。ジカルボン酸成分であるイソフタル酸とテレフタル酸との混合割合は任意であるが、イソフタル酸：テレフタル酸＝１：１．５〜１２（モル比）程度が好適である。ジオール成分として、少量のジエチレングリコールが混合されてもよく、その場合のジエチレングリコールの混合量は、ジオール成分中に０．５〜５．０モル％程度である。この共重合体の融点（明確な融点を示さない場合は軟化点を融点とみなす）は１１０℃〜２３０℃である。 As an example of such, a high melting point polymer is formed of a copolymer of ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid, that is, polyester, and a low melting point polymer is a copolymer containing ethylene glycol, adipic acid, and terephthalic acid, that is, co-polyester. It is preferably made of a polymerized polyester. Alternatively, it is also preferable that the low melting point polymer is formed of a copolymerized polyester containing ethylene glycol, isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid. Specifically, the high melting point polymer is a polyester obtained by dehydration condensation using ethylene glycol as a diol component and terephthalic acid as a dicarboxylic acid component. As the dicarboxylic acid component, a very small amount of another dicarboxylic acid component such as isophthalic acid may be mixed. The melting point of the high melting point polymer in this case is about 260 ° C., and its glass transition point is about 70 to 80 ° C. In the case of the first example above, the low melting point polymer is a copolymerized polyester obtained by dehydration condensation of ethylene glycol as a diol component and adipic acid and terephthalic acid as a dicarboxylic acid component. The mixing ratio of adipic acid and terephthalic acid, which are dicarboxylic acid components, is arbitrary, but adipic acid: terephthalic acid = 1: 1 to 10 (molar ratio) is preferable. A small amount of diethylene glycol may be mixed as the diol component, and the mixed amount of diethylene glycol in that case is about 0.5 to 5.0 mol% in the diol component. Furthermore, it is preferable that a small amount of isophthalic acid is mixed as the dicarboxylic acid component. In that case, the mixed amount of isophthalic acid is about 2.0 to 5.0 mol% in the dicarboxylic acid component. The melting point of this copolymer is about 200 ° C., and its glass transition point is about 40 to 50 ° C. Another low melting point polymer is a copolymerized polyester obtained by dehydration condensation of ethylene glycol as a diol component and isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid as a dicarboxylic acid component in the case of the second example above. be. The mixing ratio of isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid, which are dicarboxylic acid components, is arbitrary, but isophthalic acid: terephthalic acid = 1: 1.5 to 12 (molar ratio) is preferable. A small amount of diethylene glycol may be mixed as the diol component, and the mixed amount of diethylene glycol in that case is about 0.5 to 5.0 mol% in the diol component. The melting point of this copolymer (if a clear melting point is not shown, the softening point is regarded as the melting point) is 110 ° C. to 230 ° C.
次に、短繊維成形体が、高融点重合体により形成される高融点短繊維と、低融点重合体により形成される低融点短繊維とを含む混合体を構成繊維とする場合について、説明する。この混合体は、一方が高融点重合体によって構成される繊維（高融点短繊維）であり、他方が低融点重合体によって構成される繊維（低融点短繊維）である。 Next, a case where the short fiber molded body comprises a mixture containing a high melting point short fiber formed of a high melting point polymer and a low melting point short fiber formed of a low melting point polymer as a constituent fiber will be described. .. One of the mixtures is a fiber composed of a high melting point polymer (low melting point short fiber), and the other is a fiber composed of a low melting point polymer (low melting point short fiber).
上記した複合短繊維のごとく、高融点短繊維を構成する高融点重合体は高融点ポリエステルであり、低融点短繊維を構成する低融点重合体は低融点ポリエステルであることが好ましく、その場合において、高融点ポリエステルの融点は２５０〜２８０℃程度であり、低融点ポリエステルの融点は１１０℃〜２４０℃程度である。また、高融点ポリエステルについて、具体的には、上記した複合短繊維に用いる高融点ポリエステルと同様で、エチレングリコールとテレフタル酸の共重合体すなわちポリエチレンテレフタレートが好ましい。また、低融点ポリエステルについて、具体的には、上記した複合短繊維に用いる低融点ポリエステルと同様で、エチレングリコールとアジピン酸とテレフタル酸を含む共重合体すなわち共重合ポリエステルにて形成されたもの、あるいは、エチレングリコールとイソフタル酸とテレフタル酸を含む共重合ポリエステルにて形成されたものが好ましい。 Like the composite short fibers described above, the high melting point polymer constituting the high melting point short fiber is preferably a high melting point polyester, and the low melting point polymer constituting the low melting point short fiber is preferably a low melting point polyester. The melting point of the high melting point polyester is about 250 to 280 ° C., and the melting point of the low melting point polyester is about 110 ° C. to 240 ° C. As for the high melting point polyester, specifically, the same as the high melting point polyester used for the composite short fibers described above, a copolymer of ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid, that is, polyethylene terephthalate is preferable. Further, the low melting point polyester is specifically the same as the low melting point polyester used for the composite short fibers described above, and is formed of a copolymer containing ethylene glycol, adipic acid and terephthalic acid, that is, a copolymerized polyester. Alternatively, those formed of a copolymerized polyester containing ethylene glycol, isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid are preferable.
短繊維成形体において高融点短繊維と低融点短繊維との混合比（質量比）は、高融点短繊維／低融点短繊維＝７０／３０〜４０／６０が好ましい。短繊維成形体中の高融点短繊維の質量割合が低すぎると、加熱圧縮のために熱を受けたときの形態保持性が低下する傾向となり、また、最終的に得られる目地材の強度や剛性が低下する傾向が生じる。また、高融点短繊維の質量割合が高すぎると、加熱圧縮による成形時に一体化されにくく、また得られる成形体の密度が高くならずに変形しやすい傾向となり、さらには、表面に毛羽立ちが生じやすくなる。 The mixing ratio (mass ratio) of the high melting point short fiber and the low melting point short fiber in the short fiber molded body is preferably high melting point short fiber / low melting point short fiber = 70/30 to 40/60. If the mass ratio of the high melting point short fibers in the short fiber molded body is too low, the shape retention when heated due to heat compression tends to decrease, and the strength of the finally obtained joint material and the strength of the joint material Rigidity tends to decrease. Further, if the mass ratio of the high melting point short fibers is too high, it is difficult to integrate them during molding by heat compression, and the obtained molded product tends to be deformed easily without increasing the density, and further, fluffing occurs on the surface. It will be easier.
なお、高融点短繊維と低融点短繊維とから構成される成形体において、上記した低融点重合体が鞘部を構成し、高融点重合体が芯部を構成してなる芯鞘型複合短繊維を低融点短繊維として用いてもよい。 In a molded body composed of high melting point short fibers and low melting point short fibers, the core-sheath type composite short in which the above-mentioned low melting point polymer constitutes a sheath portion and the high melting point polymer constitutes a core portion. The fiber may be used as a low melting point short fiber.
短繊維成形体の製造方法について説明する。すなわち、互いに融点差を有する複数種類の重合体により形成された複合短繊維が芯鞘型複合短繊維である場合において、この芯鞘型複合短繊維は、芯成分となるポリエステルと、鞘成分となる共重合ポリエステルとを、複合紡糸孔を持つ紡糸装置に供給して、溶融紡糸するという公知の方法で得ることができる。また、高融点短繊維と低融点短繊維とは、それぞれ準備する。 A method for producing a short fiber molded product will be described. That is, when the composite short fibers formed by a plurality of types of polymers having different melting points from each other are core-sheath type composite short fibers, the core-sheath type composite short fibers are composed of polyester as a core component and a sheath component. The copolymerized polyester can be obtained by a known method of supplying the copolymerized polyester to a spinning apparatus having a composite spinning hole and performing melt spinning. In addition, high melting point short fibers and low melting point short fibers are prepared respectively.
そして、得られた短繊維をいわゆるカード法によって開繊及び集積することにより、短繊維不織ウェブを形成することができる。また、高融点短繊維と低融点短繊維とは、それぞれ所望の混合比となるように計量して混合し、カード法により開繊・集積して短繊維不織ウェブを形成する。 Then, the short fiber non-woven web can be formed by opening and accumulating the obtained short fibers by the so-called curd method. Further, the high melting point short fibers and the low melting point short fibers are weighed and mixed so as to have a desired mixing ratio, and the fibers are opened and accumulated by the curd method to form a short fiber non-woven web.
このときの短繊維の繊度は、任意である。しかしながら、後述する圧縮をともなう熱成形により剛性に優れた成形体を得るには、芯鞘型複合短繊維を構成繊維とする成形体においては、その繊度が７デシテックス以上であるのが好ましい。なお、繊度の上限は３０デシテックス程度とする。高融点短繊維と低融点短繊維とを含む混合体の場合は、高融点短繊維は、その繊度が７デシテックス以上であることが好ましく、その上限は３０デシテックス程度とする。また、所望により繊度の異なる複数の高融点短繊維を用いてもよい。低融点短繊維は、高融点短繊維よりも繊度が小さいことが好ましく、２〜７デシテックスがよい。低融点短繊維の繊度を、高融点短繊維よりも小さくする理由は、繊度を小さくすることにより、相対的に低融点短繊維の本数が多くなり、成形体中に構成繊維同士の接着領域が多くなることから、強固で均一な接着領域を形成させることができるためである。 The fineness of the short fibers at this time is arbitrary. However, in order to obtain a molded product having excellent rigidity by thermoforming with compression, which will be described later, it is preferable that the fineness of the molded product having a core-sheath type composite short fiber as a constituent fiber is 7 decitex or more. The upper limit of fineness is about 30 decitex. In the case of a mixture containing high melting point short fibers and low melting point short fibers, the high melting point short fibers preferably have a fineness of 7 decitex or more, and the upper limit thereof is about 30 decitex. Further, if desired, a plurality of high melting point short fibers having different fineness may be used. The low melting point short fiber preferably has a lower fineness than the high melting point short fiber, and 2 to 7 decitex is preferable. The reason why the fineness of the low melting point short fibers is smaller than that of the high melting point short fibers is that by reducing the fineness, the number of low melting point short fibers is relatively large, and the adhesive region between the constituent fibers is formed in the molded body. This is because a strong and uniform adhesive region can be formed because the number is increased.
また、短繊維不織ウェブの目付は、剛性に優れた加熱圧縮成形体とするためには５ｋｇ／ｍ２以上であるのが好ましい。なお、短繊維不織ウェブは、複数枚のウェブを重ねて５ｋｇ／ｍ２以上としてもよい。 Further, the basis weight of the short fiber non-woven web is preferably 5 kg / m 2 or more in order to obtain a heat compression molded product having excellent rigidity. The short fiber non-woven web may be 5 kg / m 2 or more by stacking a plurality of webs.
短繊維不織ウェブに加熱圧縮が施されることで、所望の不織布が形成される。高融点の重合体が高融点ポリエステルであり、それよりも低融点の重合体が低融点ポリエステルである場合において、加熱圧縮時の加熱温度の範囲は１２０〜２２０℃程度である。圧縮時の加圧力は、圧縮の程度により任意に選択することが良い。また、加熱圧縮する時間は、５〜６０秒程度で十分である。以上の加熱圧縮を施した後、室温中に放置して冷却する。このようにすると、たとえば成形体の構成繊維が芯鞘型のポリエステル複合繊維である場合には、鞘成分が溶融固化することで、芯鞘型複合繊維相互間が緊密に接着され、空隙が極端に減少し、剛性のあるプラスチック様のポリエステル短繊維成形体が得られる。 The short fiber non-woven web is heat-compressed to form a desired non-woven fabric. When the polymer having a high melting point is a high melting point polyester and the polymer having a lower melting point is a low melting point polyester, the heating temperature range at the time of heat compression is about 120 to 220 ° C. The pressing force at the time of compression may be arbitrarily selected depending on the degree of compression. Further, the time for heating and compressing is about 5 to 60 seconds, which is sufficient. After applying the above heat compression, leave it at room temperature to cool it. In this way, for example, when the constituent fibers of the molded body are core-sheath type polyester composite fibers, the sheath components are melted and solidified, so that the core-sheath type composite fibers are closely adhered to each other and the voids are extremely large. A rigid plastic-like polyester short fiber molded body is obtained.
加熱圧縮処理された短繊維成形体は、目付が５〜９ｋｇ／ｍ２、厚さが１０〜３０ｍｍであることで、目地材に適したものとなる。目付が５ｋｇ／ｍ２未満、厚さが１０ｍｍ未満だと、例えば使用時のコンクリートパネルの重量負荷による変形が大きくなってしまう。目付が９ｋｇ／ｍ２を越えると、所望の透水性が得難くなる。たとえば目付が９ｋｇ／ｍ２の不織布は、目付が４．５ｋｇ／ｍ２の不織布を２枚重ねて上記の加熱圧縮処理を施したり、目付が３ｋｇ／ｍ２の不織布を３枚重ねて上記の加熱圧縮処理を施したりすることで、簡単に得ることができる。 The heat-compressed short fiber molded product has a basis weight of 5 to 9 kg / m 2 and a thickness of 10 to 30 mm, and is suitable for a joint material. If the basis weight is less than 5 kg / m 2 and the thickness is less than 10 mm, the deformation of the concrete panel during use due to the weight load becomes large. If the basis weight exceeds 9 kg / m 2 , it becomes difficult to obtain the desired water permeability. For example, for a non-woven fabric having a basis weight of 9 kg / m 2 , two non-woven fabrics having a basis weight of 4.5 kg / m 2 are laminated and subjected to the above heat compression treatment, or three non-woven fabrics having a basis weight of 3 kg / m 2 are laminated and described above. It can be easily obtained by subjecting it to heat compression treatment.
［第２の目地材］
＜長繊維成形体にて形成されたもの＞
長繊維成形体は、互いに融点差を有する複数種類の重合体により構成され少なくとも低融点の重合体が繊維表面に露出した複合長繊維を構成繊維とするか、または、高融点重合体により形成される高融点長繊維と、低融点重合体により形成される低融点長繊維とを含む混合体を構成繊維とする。
[Second joint material]
<Formed from long fiber molded body>
The long fiber molded body is composed of a plurality of types of polymers having different melting points from each other, and the composite long fibers in which at least the low melting point polymer is exposed on the fiber surface is used as the constituent fiber, or is formed by the high melting point polymer. A mixture containing high melting point long fibers and low melting point long fibers formed of a low melting point polymer is used as a constituent fiber.
複合長繊維の複合形態は、上記した複合短繊維の場合と同様である。複合形態が芯鞘型の複合形態である場合、すなわち成形体の構成繊維が芯鞘型複合長繊維である場合は、短繊維を用いた場合に比べて剛性の高い目地材を得ることができる。 The composite form of the composite long fiber is the same as that of the composite short fiber described above. When the composite form is a core-sheath type composite form, that is, when the constituent fibers of the molded product are core-sheath type composite long fibers, a joint material having higher rigidity can be obtained as compared with the case where short fibers are used. ..
長繊維成形体が、高融点長繊維と低融点長繊維とを含む混合体を構成繊維とする場合は、上記した短繊維成形体において、高融点短繊維と低融点短繊維とを含む混合体を構成繊維とする場合と同様の高融点重合体および低融点重合体から構成される繊維を用いるとよい。これらの短繊維と長繊維とは、繊維長が異なるものであり、短繊維の場合は、特定の繊維長を有するものであるが、長繊維は連続繊維である。この長繊維成形体が、高融点長繊維と低融点長繊維とを含む混合体を構成繊維とする場合も、短繊維を用いた場合に比べて、剛性の高い目地材を得ることができる。 When the long fiber molded body comprises a mixture containing high melting point long fibers and low melting point long fibers as constituent fibers, the above-mentioned short fiber molded body contains a mixture containing high melting point short fibers and low melting point short fibers. It is preferable to use a fiber composed of a high melting point polymer and a low melting point polymer similar to the case where the above is used as a constituent fiber. These short fibers and long fibers have different fiber lengths, and in the case of short fibers, they have a specific fiber length, but the long fibers are continuous fibers. Even when the long fiber molded body uses a mixture containing high melting point long fibers and low melting point long fibers as constituent fibers, a joint material having higher rigidity can be obtained as compared with the case where short fibers are used.
長繊維不織ウェブは、いわゆるスパンボンド法により得られる長繊維不織ウェブを用いるのが好ましい。すなわち、溶融紡糸して得られた長繊維を、直ちにシート状に集積して、長繊維不織ウェブを得ることができる。長繊維不織ウェブの目付は、５ｋｇ／ｍ２以上が好ましい。長繊維ウェブの目付が低すぎると、目地材に所望の圧縮特性を付与し難くなる。また、長繊維ウェブの目付が高すぎると、透水性を阻害しやすくなる。なお、長繊維不織ウェブは、複数枚のウェブを重ねて５ｋｇ／ｍ２以上としてもよい。 As the long fiber non-woven web, it is preferable to use a long fiber non-woven web obtained by a so-called spunbond method. That is, the long fibers obtained by melt spinning can be immediately accumulated in a sheet shape to obtain a long fiber non-woven web. The basis weight of the long fiber non-woven web is preferably 5 kg / m 2 or more. If the basis weight of the long fiber web is too low, it becomes difficult to impart the desired compressive properties to the joint material. Further, if the basis weight of the long fiber web is too high, the water permeability is likely to be hindered. The long fiber non-woven web may be 5 kg / m 2 or more by stacking a plurality of webs.
長繊維不織ウェブを用いたときの、その後の加熱圧縮処理や目付や厚さについては、上述の短繊維成形体の製造方法と同様である。 When the long-fiber non-woven web is used, the subsequent heat-compression treatment, basis weight, and thickness are the same as those for producing the short-fiber molded product described above.
長繊維不織ウェブは、長繊維が堆積してなるだけのものであってもよいが、長繊維相互間が交絡してなるものでもよい。交絡してなるものは、不織ウェブの段階でより繊維間が緻密であるため、剛性が向上する。交絡は、ニードルパンチ処理を施すことが好ましく、ニードルパンチ処理としては、長繊維相互間が接着されていない状態でニードルパンチを施してもよいし、芯鞘型複合長繊維相互間が接着された状態でニードルパンチを施してもよい。前者の方法であれば、繊維相互間が接着されていないため、ニードルパンチを施した際の繊維へのダメージが少なく、糸切れ等による強度低下が起こりにくいため好ましい。また、後者の方法であれば、繊維相互間が接着された状態の繊維ウェブであるため、取扱いやすく、搬送しやすい。ニードルパンチは周知の方法で行われ、これによって、長繊維相互間が三次元的に交絡され、緻密なものとなる。。なお、長繊維相互間が接着されていた場合であっても、ニードルパンチによってこの接着は破壊され、長繊維相互間が三次元的に交絡される。パンチ密度は、１０本以上／ｃｍ２であるのが好ましい。 The long fiber non-woven web may be formed only by depositing long fibers, but may be formed by entwining the long fibers with each other. In the entangled one, the rigidity is improved because the fibers are denser at the stage of the non-woven web. The entanglement is preferably performed by needle punching, and as the needle punching treatment, needle punching may be performed in a state where the long fibers are not bonded to each other, or core-sheath type composite long fibers are bonded to each other. Needle punching may be applied in this state. The former method is preferable because the fibers are not adhered to each other, so that the fibers are less damaged when needle punching is applied, and the strength is less likely to decrease due to thread breakage or the like. Further, in the latter method, since the fiber web is in a state where the fibers are adhered to each other, it is easy to handle and transport. Needle punching is performed by a well-known method, in which the long fibers are three-dimensionally entangled with each other to become dense. .. Even when the long fibers are adhered to each other, this adhesion is broken by the needle punch, and the long fibers are entangled three-dimensionally. The punch density is preferably 10 or more / cm 2.
［第３の目地材］
＜短繊維成形体と長繊維成形体との積層体にて形成されたもの＞
上述の短繊維成形体と長繊維成形体とが積層一体化されたものである。その製法としては、これらの短繊維成形体と長繊維成形体とを重ねたうえで、加熱圧縮により一体化する手法を例示することができる。あるいは、上述の短繊維不織ウェブと長繊維不織ウェブとを重ねたうえで加熱圧縮することで、成形体化と積層一体化とを一度に実施することができる。その際の加熱条件や、圧縮条件すなわち加圧条件は、上述した成形体化のときと同様とすることができる。なお、より良好に積層一体化するためには、不織ウェブの状態で重ねたうえ加熱圧縮する方法が好ましい。
[Third joint material]
<A product formed by a laminate of a short fiber molded body and a long fiber molded body>
The above-mentioned short fiber molded body and long fiber molded body are laminated and integrated. As the manufacturing method, a method of stacking these short fiber molded bodies and long fiber molded bodies and then integrating them by heat compression can be exemplified. Alternatively, by stacking the above-mentioned short fiber non-woven web and long fiber non-woven web and then heating and compressing them, molding and laminating integration can be carried out at the same time. The heating conditions and compression conditions, that is, pressurization conditions at that time can be the same as in the case of molding as described above. In addition, in order to better stack and integrate, a method of stacking and heat-compressing in a non-woven web state is preferable.
積層の形態としては、短繊維成形体層と長繊維成形体層とが２層構造となっている積層体を例示することができる。また、長繊維成形体層の上下両面にそれぞれ短繊維成形体層が積層された３層構造の積層体にて目地材を構成することもできるし、それ以上の任意の多層構造とすることもできる。 As a form of lamination, a laminate in which a short fiber molded body layer and a long fiber molded body layer have a two-layer structure can be exemplified. Further, the joint material can be composed of a three-layer structure in which short fiber molded body layers are laminated on both upper and lower surfaces of the long fiber molded body layer, or an arbitrary multi-layer structure beyond that can be used. can.
いずれにせよ、得られた積層構造の目地材は、上述の場合と同様に、目付が５〜９ｋｇ／ｍ２、厚さが１０〜３０ｍｍであることが必要である。 In any case, the obtained joint material having a laminated structure needs to have a basis weight of 5 to 9 kg / m 2 and a thickness of 10 to 30 mm, as in the case described above.
本発明の目地材は、上記のような各種の態様で構成することが可能であるが、いずれの場合も、目地材へ所定の圧縮荷重が加わったときの圧縮後の厚さは、一定限度以上を保持することができる。その圧縮強さも、目地材に求められる性能を十分に満足することができる。圧縮荷重が加わったときには、その圧縮荷重にもとづき前方などへのはみ出しが生じる可能性があるが、所定の荷重下におけるはみ出しを一定量以下に制限することもできる。 The joint material of the present invention can be configured in various modes as described above, but in any case, the thickness after compression when a predetermined compressive load is applied to the joint material is limited to a certain limit. The above can be retained. The compression strength can also sufficiently satisfy the performance required for the joint material. When a compressive load is applied, there is a possibility that the protrusion may occur forward based on the compressive load, but the protrusion under a predetermined load can be limited to a certain amount or less.
また本発明の目地材は、剛性を有するプラスチック様の成形体であるが、不織ウェブを構成材料としているために、成形体中には細かな空隙を有し、したがって所要の透水性能を発揮することができる。たとえば、上記した１０〜３０ｍｍの厚さに形成されたときに、その面方向の透水係数すなわちその厚さと垂直な方向の透水係数を０．０１ｃｍ／秒以上とすることができる。なお、テールアルメ水平目地材として機能するためには、面方向の透水係数は０．０１ｃｍ／秒以上といわれている。 Further, the joint material of the present invention is a rigid plastic-like molded body, but since it is made of a non-woven web as a constituent material, it has fine voids in the molded body, and therefore exhibits the required water permeability. can do. For example, when formed to a thickness of 10 to 30 mm as described above, the water permeability coefficient in the surface direction, that is, the water permeability coefficient in the direction perpendicular to the thickness can be 0.01 cm / sec or more. In order to function as a tail arme horizontal joint material, the hydraulic conductivity in the plane direction is said to be 0.01 cm / sec or more.
以下に実施例、比較例を挙げ、本発明について説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples.
試料を構成する短繊維不織ウェブおよび長繊維不織ウェブは、次のものを準備した。 The following short fiber non-woven webs and long fiber non-woven webs constituting the sample were prepared.
すなわち、短繊維不織ウェブとしては、詳細には、高融点短繊維として繊度の異なる２種の繊維、すなわち、ポリエチレンテレフタレートにて形成された高融点ポリエステル短繊維（繊維長：６４ｍｍ、単繊維繊度：１７デシテックス）と、ポリエチレンテレフタレートにて形成された高融点ポリエステル短繊維（繊維長：６４ｍｍ、単繊維繊度：２０デシテックス）を準備し、低融点短繊維としては、テレフタル酸とイソフタル酸とエチレングリコールとが共重合された共重合ポリエステルからなる全融着タイプの低融点ポリエステル短繊維（繊維長：５１ｍｍ、単繊維繊度４．４デシテックス、融点１１０℃）を準備した。そして、１７Ｔ６４ｍｍ高融点ポリエステル短繊維／２０Ｔ６４ｍｍ高融点ポリエステル短繊維／低融点ポリエステル短繊維＝３０／３０／４０（質量比）の混率で、カード機に通し、不織ウェブを得た後、ニードルパンチ処理を施して、目付１．２ｋｇ／ｍ２の短繊維不織ウェブを準備した。 That is, as the short fiber non-woven web, in detail, two kinds of fibers having different fineness as high melting point short fibers, that is, high melting point polyester short fibers formed of polyethylene terephthalate (fiber length: 64 mm, single fiber fineness). : 17 decitex) and high melting point polyester short fibers (fiber length: 64 mm, single fiber fineness: 20 decitex) formed of polyethylene terephthalate are prepared. As low melting point short fibers, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid and ethylene glycol are prepared. A fully fused type low melting point polyester short fiber (fiber length: 51 mm, single fiber fineness 4.4 decitex, melting point 110 ° C.) made of a copolymerized polyester copolymerized with and was prepared. Then, the mixture is passed through a card machine at a mixing ratio of 17T64mm high melting point polyester short fiber / 20T64mm high melting point polyester short fiber / low melting point polyester short fiber = 30/30/40 (mass ratio) to obtain a non-woven web, and then needle punched. After treatment, a short fiber non-woven web having a grain size of 1.2 kg / m 2 was prepared.
長繊維不織ウェブとしては、芯部がポリエチレンテレフタレート、鞘部がテレフタル酸、アジピン酸、イソフタル酸、エチレングリコールから構成される共重合ポリエステル（融点２００℃）が配された芯鞘型複合長繊維（単繊維繊度：３．３デシテックス）が堆積し、構成繊維同士がニードルパンチ処理によって交絡してなるスパンボンド不織ウェブ（目付１．２ｋｇ／ｍ２）を準備した。 As a long fiber non-woven web, a core-sheath type composite long fiber in which a core is made of polyethylene terephthalate and a sheath is made of a copolymerized polyester (melting point 200 ° C.) composed of terephthalic acid, adipic acid, isophthalic acid, and ethylene glycol. (Single fiber fineness: 3.3 decitex) was deposited, and spunbond non-woven webs (grain 1.2 kg / m 2 ) in which constituent fibers were entangled with each other by needle punching were prepared.
実施例１
上記した短繊維不織ウェブを５枚積層し、厚みを規制して、温度２１０℃の条件で高圧で加熱圧縮加工を行い、厚さ２０ｍｍ、目付６.０ｋｇ／ｍ２の実施例１の目地材を得た。得られた目地材は、剛性を有するプラスチック様の成形体であり、厚み方向に両手で強く押さえたところ、全く変形がみられず、非常に硬いものであった。
Example 1
The above-mentioned five short fiber non-woven webs are laminated, the thickness is regulated, heat compression processing is performed at a high pressure under the condition of a temperature of 210 ° C., and the joint of Example 1 having a thickness of 20 mm and a basis weight of 6.0 kg / m 2 is performed. I got the wood. The obtained joint material was a rigid plastic-like molded body, and when it was strongly pressed with both hands in the thickness direction, no deformation was observed and it was very hard.
実施例２
上記した長繊維不織ウェブを２枚積層し、その上に、上記した短繊維不織ウェブを５枚積層し、厚みを規制して、温度２１０℃の条件で高圧で加熱圧縮加工を行い、厚さ２１ｍｍ、目付８．４ｋｇ／ｍ２の実施例２の目地材を得た。得られた目地材は、剛性を有するプラスチック様の成形体であり、厚み方向に両手で強く押さえたところ、全く変形がみられず、非常に硬いものであった。
Example 2
Two of the above-mentioned long-fiber non-woven webs are laminated, and five of the above-mentioned short-fiber non-woven webs are laminated on the above-mentioned, the thickness is regulated, and heat compression processing is performed at a high pressure under the condition of a temperature of 210 ° C. A joint material of Example 2 having a thickness of 21 mm and a basis weight of 8.4 kg / m 2 was obtained. The obtained joint material was a rigid plastic-like molded body, and when it was strongly pressed with both hands in the thickness direction, no deformation was observed and it was very hard.
実施例３
上記した長繊維不織ウェブを６枚積層し、厚みを規制して、温度２１０℃の条件で高圧で加熱圧縮加工を行い、厚さ１９ｍｍ、目付７．２ｋｇ／ｍ２の実施例３の目地材を得た。得られた目地材は、剛性を有するプラスチック様の成形体であり、厚み方向に両手で強く押さえたところ、全く変形がみられず、非常に硬いものであった。
Example 3
Six long-fiber non-woven webs described above are laminated, the thickness is regulated, heat compression processing is performed at a high pressure under the condition of a temperature of 210 ° C., and the joint of Example 3 having a thickness of 19 mm and a basis weight of 7.2 kg / m 2 is performed. I got the wood. The obtained joint material was a rigid plastic-like molded body, and when it was strongly pressed with both hands in the thickness direction, no deformation was observed and it was very hard.
比較例１
上記した短繊維不織ウェブを３枚積層し、厚みを規制して、温度２１０℃の条件で高圧で加熱圧縮加工を行い、厚さ１８ｍｍ、目付３．６ｋｇ／ｍ２の短繊維成形体を得た。得られた短繊維成形体を厚み方向に両手で強く押さえたところ、わずかに変形がみられたことから、圧縮強さに劣るものであり、本発明が目的とするものではなく、目地材としての所望の圧縮特性を有するものではないと判断した。
Comparative Example 1
Three of the above-mentioned short fiber non-woven webs are laminated, the thickness is regulated, and heat compression processing is performed at high pressure under the condition of a temperature of 210 ° C. to obtain a short fiber molded body having a thickness of 18 mm and a basis weight of 3.6 kg / m 2. Obtained. When the obtained short fiber molded product was strongly pressed with both hands in the thickness direction, slight deformation was observed, so that it was inferior in compressive strength and was not intended as a joint material of the present invention. It was judged that the product did not have the desired compressive properties.
得られた実施例の目地材について、各種特性を測定した。なお、各種の特性値は、それぞれ下記のようにして求めた。なお、比較例の短繊維成形体は、所望の圧縮特性を有しないと判断したため、下の各種特性の測定は行っていない。 Various characteristics of the joint material of the obtained examples were measured. The various characteristic values were obtained as follows. Since it was determined that the short fiber molded product of the comparative example did not have the desired compression characteristics, the various characteristics below were not measured.
（１）圧縮強さ（ｋＰａ）
２２ｃｍ×２２ｃｍの試料を準備し、試料との接触部分が直径２０ｃｍの円盤状に形成された荷重測定器を用い、速度１０ｍｍ／ｍｉｎで試料を圧縮し、厚み方向に５％圧縮となったときの試験装置の読みを圧縮強さとした。
(1) Compressive strength (kPa)
When a 22 cm x 22 cm sample is prepared and the sample is compressed at a speed of 10 mm / min using a load measuring device in which the contact portion with the sample is formed in a disk shape with a diameter of 20 cm, and the compression is 5% in the thickness direction. The reading of the test device was defined as the compression strength.
（２）圧縮荷重を受ける前および受けたときの厚さ（ｍｍ）
ＪＩＳ Ｌ１９０８の２ｋＰａの試験に準じて、試料の初期厚さを求めるとともに、この初期厚さから、試験圧力時の試験装置の変位量を引き算することで、試験圧力時の試料の厚さを求めた。
(2) Thickness (mm) before and when a compressive load is received
The initial thickness of the sample is obtained according to the 2 kPa test of JIS L1908, and the thickness of the sample at the test pressure is obtained by subtracting the displacement amount of the test device at the test pressure from this initial thickness. rice field.
（３）はみ出し量（ｍｍ）
縦×横が５０×５０ｍｍの直方体形状の試料を準備し、この試料を厚さ方向に見たときの３辺の端面を固定的に保持した状態とするとともに、残りの１辺を開放状態とした。そして、試料の厚さ方向に所定の荷重（２００ｋＰａ、３００ｋＰａ）を加えたときの、開放部におけるはみ出し量を、ノギスを用いて測定した。
(3) Overhang amount (mm)
A rectangular parallelepiped sample with a length and width of 50 x 50 mm is prepared, and the end faces of the three sides when this sample is viewed in the thickness direction are fixedly held, and the remaining one side is open. did. Then, when a predetermined load (200 kPa, 300 kPa) was applied in the thickness direction of the sample, the amount of protrusion at the open portion was measured using a caliper.
（４）面方向の透水係数
ＩＳＯ １２９５８に準拠して測定した。詳細には、縦×横が１０ｃｍ×３０ｃｍの試料を準備して試験装置にセットし、拘束圧を２００ｋＰａとして、動水勾配１（試料長３０ｃｍ、水頭差３０ｃｍ）、集水時間６０秒の条件で試験を実施した。
面方向の透水係数は、流量、通水長、水頭差、試料の幅寸法、試験時間、試験時の水温に対する水の粘性による補正係数を用いて算出した。
(4) Water permeability coefficient in the plane direction Measured according to ISO 12985. Specifically, a sample of 10 cm x 30 cm in length x width is prepared and set in the test device, the restraining pressure is 200 kPa, the hydraulic gradient is 1 (sample length 30 cm, head difference 30 cm), and the water collection time is 60 seconds. The test was conducted at.
The hydraulic conductivity in the plane direction was calculated using a correction coefficient based on the flow rate, water flow length, head difference, sample width, test time, and water viscosity with respect to water temperature at the time of the test.
測定結果を表１に示す。 The measurement results are shown in Table 1.
実施例１〜３の目地材は圧縮強さがあり、はみ出し量も少なく、良好な透水性を有していたものであった。 The joint materials of Examples 1 to 3 had compressive strength, a small amount of protrusion, and good water permeability.
なお、実施例３は、圧縮強さは未測定であるが、圧縮荷重を受けたときの厚さの結果からみても、最も変形量が小さいため、圧縮強さについても非常に大きいものであると考える。 In Example 3, the compressive strength has not been measured, but the compressive strength is also very large because the amount of deformation is the smallest from the result of the thickness when a compressive load is applied. I think.
Claims (12)
前記短繊維成形体は、低融点の重合体によって繊維同士が熱接着された状態で圧縮成形されたものであって、目付が５〜９ｋｇ／ｍ２、厚みが１０〜３０ｍｍであることを特徴とする目地材。 Composite short fibers formed by a plurality of types of polymers having different melting points from each other are used as constituent fibers, or high melting point short fibers formed by a high melting point polymer and a low melting point formed by a low melting point polymer. It is formed of a short fiber molded body whose constituent fibers are a mixture containing short fibers.
The short fiber molded product is compression-molded in a state where the fibers are heat-bonded to each other by a polymer having a low melting point, and is characterized by having a joint size of 5 to 9 kg / m 2 and a thickness of 10 to 30 mm. Joint material to be.
前記長繊維成形体は、低融点の重合体によって繊維同士が熱接着された状態で圧縮成形されたものであって、目付が５〜９ｋｇ／ｍ２、厚みが１０〜３０ｍｍであることを特徴とする目地材。 A composite long fiber composed of a plurality of types of polymers having different melting points from each other and having at least a low melting point polymer exposed on the fiber surface is used as a constituent fiber, or a high melting point long fiber formed by a high melting point polymer. , Formed in a long fiber molded body whose constituent fibers are a mixture containing low melting point long fibers formed of a low melting point polymer.
The long fiber molded product is compression-molded in a state where the fibers are heat-bonded to each other by a polymer having a low melting point, and is characterized by having a joint size of 5 to 9 kg / m 2 and a thickness of 10 to 30 mm. Joint material to be.
互いに融点差を有する複数種類の重合体により構成され少なくとも低融点の重合体が繊維表面に露出した複合長繊維を構成繊維とするか、または、高融点重合体により形成される高融点長繊維と、低融点重合体により形成される低融点長繊維とを含む混合体を構成繊維とする長繊維成形体にて形成された第２の層とが積層された目地材であって、
前記短繊維を形成する低融点の重合体によって短繊維同士が熱接着されるとともに、前記長繊維を形成する低融点の重合体によって長繊維同士が熱接着された状態で、圧縮成形されたものであり、かつ
目付が５〜９ｋｇ／ｍ２、厚みが１０〜３０ｍｍであることを特徴とする目地材。 Composite short fibers formed by a plurality of types of polymers having different melting points from each other are used as constituent fibers, or high melting point short fibers formed by a high melting point polymer and a low melting point formed by a low melting point polymer. A first layer formed of a short fiber molded body having a mixture containing short fibers as a constituent fiber, and
A composite long fiber composed of a plurality of types of polymers having different melting points from each other and having at least a low melting point polymer exposed on the fiber surface is used as a constituent fiber, or a high melting point long fiber formed by a high melting point polymer. , A joint material in which a second layer formed of a long fiber molded body having a mixture containing low melting point long fibers formed of a low melting point polymer as a constituent fiber is laminated.
Short fibers are heat-bonded to each other by the low melting point polymer forming the short fibers, and long fibers are heat-bonded to each other by the low melting point polymer forming the long fibers. A joint material having a grain size of 5 to 9 kg / m 2 and a thickness of 10 to 30 mm.
前記短繊維不織ウェブに加熱圧縮処理を施すことによって、前記短繊維不織ウェブにおける低融点の重合体によって繊維同士を熱接着させた状態で圧縮成形させることで、目付が５〜９ｋｇ／ｍ２、厚みが１０〜３０ｍｍの目地材を得ることを特徴とする目地材の製造方法。 Composite short fibers formed by a plurality of types of polymers having different melting points from each other are used as constituent fibers, or high melting point short fibers formed by a high melting point polymer and a low melting point formed by a low melting point polymer. Using a short fiber non-woven web whose constituent fibers are a mixture containing short fibers,
By subjecting the short fiber non-woven web to heat compression treatment, the fibers are compression-molded in a state of being heat-bonded to each other by a polymer having a low melting point in the short fiber non-woven web, so that the joint size is 5 to 9 kg / m. 2. A method for producing a joint material, which comprises obtaining a joint material having a thickness of 10 to 30 mm.
前記長繊維不織ウェブに加熱圧縮処理を施すことによって、前記長繊維不織ウェブにおける低融点の重合体によって繊維同士を熱接着させた状態で圧縮成形させることで、目付が５〜９ｋｇ／ｍ２、厚みが１０〜３０ｍｍの目地材を得ることを特徴とする目地材の製造方法。 A composite long fiber composed of a plurality of types of polymers having different melting points from each other and having at least a low melting point polymer exposed on the fiber surface is used as a constituent fiber, or a high melting point long fiber formed by a high melting point polymer. Using a long fiber non-woven web whose constituent fibers are a mixture containing low melting point long fibers formed of a low melting point polymer.
By subjecting the long fiber non-woven web to heat compression treatment, the fibers are compression-molded in a state of being heat-bonded to each other by a polymer having a low melting point in the long fiber non-woven web, so that the joint size is 5 to 9 kg / m. 2. A method for producing a joint material, which comprises obtaining a joint material having a thickness of 10 to 30 mm.
互いに融点差を有する複数種類の重合体により構成され少なくとも低融点の重合体が繊維表面に露出した複合長繊維を構成繊維とするか、または、高融点重合体により形成される高融点長繊維と、低融点重合体により形成される低融点長繊維とを含む混合体を構成繊維とする長繊維不織ウェブにて形成された第２の層とを積み重ね、
第１の層と第２の層とを積み重ねたものに加熱圧縮処理を施すことで、前記短繊維を形成する低融点の重合体によって不織ウェブの繊維同士を熱接着させるとともに、前記長繊維を形成する低融点の重合体によって不織ウェブの繊維同士を熱接着させた状態で、圧縮成形を施し、
それによって、目付が５〜９ｋｇ／ｍ２、厚みが１０〜３０ｍｍの目地材を得ることを特徴とする目地材の製造方法。 Composite short fibers formed by a plurality of types of polymers having different melting points from each other are used as constituent fibers, or the first short fibers, the high melting point short fibers formed by the high melting point polymer, and the low melting point weight. A first layer formed of a short fiber non-woven web whose constituent fibers are a mixture containing low melting point short fibers formed by coalescence, and a first layer.
A composite long fiber composed of a plurality of types of polymers having different melting points from each other and having at least a low melting point polymer exposed on the fiber surface is used as a constituent fiber, or a high melting point long fiber formed by a high melting point polymer. , A second layer formed of a long fiber non-woven web having a mixture containing low melting point long fibers formed of a low melting point polymer as a constituent fiber is stacked.
By heat-compressing the stacked first layer and the second layer, the fibers of the non-woven web are heat-bonded to each other by the low melting point polymer forming the short fibers, and the long fibers are formed. In a state where the fibers of the non-woven web are heat-bonded to each other by the low melting point polymer forming the above, compression molding is performed.
A method for producing a joint material, which comprises obtaining a joint material having a basis weight of 5 to 9 kg / m 2 and a thickness of 10 to 30 mm.
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