JP2021107736A - Multidirectional damper - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a multidirectional attenuation force generation mechanism (multidirectional damper) that applies attenuation force and attenuation moment in all directions with a single mechanism when a supported machine vibrates in three directions of translational motion and three directions of rotary motion.SOLUTION: An attenuation mechanism, which is composed of four flat plates having a central shaft, and a large number of holes fixed along a longitudinal direction of the central shaft, and a bottom flat plate having a large number of holes fixed to the lower end of the central shaft, is adhered to an upper part inside a rubber-like elastic container; and viscous fluid is sealed in the elastic container through a check valve from an injection port of a base plate adhered to the lower part of the container. When the upper part of the elastic container relatively vibrates in three translational directions and three rotational directions, the attenuation mechanism applies attenuation force and attenuation moment in the three translational directions and the three rotational directions.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to a damping device (damper) for suppressing vibration of a machine or structure, and not only reduces translational vibration (linear motion) in three linear directions (x, y, z directions) of the machine or structure, but also reduces the translational vibration (linear motion) of the machine or structure. The present invention relates to a multi-directional damping device that also reduces rotational vibration around the x, y, and z axes.

While traveling, a traffic machine such as an automobile has translational vibrations in the traveling direction (x direction), left-right direction (y direction), and vertical direction (z direction), as well as rotational vibration (rolling) around the x-axis and around the y-axis. It receives rotational vibration (pitching) and rotational vibration around the z-axis (yowing).
Also, in a power machine installed on the floor of a building, the x, y, z-axis directions and the x, y, z-axis directions are caused by the engine or motor of the machine itself or by vibration transmitted from the outside of the building on the floor. Vibration occurs.

It has long been well known that it is effective to support a machine with springs and dampers in order to suppress the vibration of the machine, and various types of springs and dampers have been developed.
"Damper (damping device)": A device that converts the energy of relative motion generated between both ends of the device into heat to reduce vibration. The effect is called the damping effect.

It would be ideal if one vibration isolator with a spring function and a damper function could suppress vibration in six degrees of freedom directions (translational motion three directions and rotational motion three directions), but obtaining such a vibration isolator is not possible. Have difficulty.
Therefore, in reality, paying particular attention to the direction of large vibration, the large vibration is suppressed by the one-way spring and the one-way damper. If it vibrates significantly in two directions, a vibration isolator for one direction is installed in each direction.
Alternatively, recently, a two-way (or three-way) spring and a two-way (or three-way) damper are used to simultaneously suppress two-way (or three-way) vibration of a machine or structure. It is also done.

The following patent documents are known as a vibration isolator (or damper) that exerts a damping effect against vibrations in multiple directions.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-201212 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2019-019913

The multi-directional vibration isolator of Patent Document 1 is an anti-vibration device used for an automobile engine mount or the like, and incompressible fluid sealed in a sealed container made of a rubber elastic body is x, y, The resistance when passing through the orifice formed in the z direction attempts to attenuate the vibration of the engine or the like.
However, this anti-vibration device does not consider the anti-vibration effect on the rotational movement (rolling, pitching, yawing) around the x, y, z axes of the engine or the like.

On the other hand, the vibration isolator of Patent Document 2 is a multi-directional damper for preventing the vibration generated by the electronic device from being transmitted to the outside or the vibration from the outside from being transmitted to the electronic device, and is made of rubber. A damper in which a viscous fluid is sealed in a sealed container made of a state elastic body. In this damper, joint details are provided above and below a hollow rubber-like elastic container such as a spherical shape or a barrel shape, a hard flat surface portion is fixed to the joint details, an electronic device is attached to one flat surface portion, and the other flat surface portion is attached. It is attached to a base plate, and the viscous fluid in the hollow rubber-like elastic container is agitated by relative motion between the upper and lower flat surfaces to obtain a damping effect.
However, since this damper is not provided with an orifice, it is impossible to obtain a large damping force against vibration in any direction.

In order to suppress the vibration of traffic machines such as automobiles and heavy power machines, ideally, the vehicle body and machines are prevented from having strong spring action and strong damping action in three translational motion directions and three rotational motion directions. It is desirable to support it with a shaking device. However, it is difficult to realize an anti-vibration device that integrates the spring action and the damping action, and it is easier to design the anti-vibration device if the multi-directional spring element and the multi-directional damping element are separately configured. Of these, it is said that it is particularly difficult to obtain a multi-directional damping element (multi-directional damper).

The vibration isolator of Patent Document 1 can be designed to give a strong damping force in the three translational directions, but cannot give a strong damping force in the three directions of rotation.

The damper of Patent Document 2 can apply a damping force in three directions of translational motion and three directions of rotational motion, but since the damping force is small, it can be applied only to a lightweight device such as an electronic device. ..
(Purpose of Invention)

An object of the present invention is to provide a multi-directional damper that gives a strong damping force in three directions of translational motion and three directions of rotational motion.

In the damper of the present invention, a viscous fluid is sealed in a hollow rubber-like elastic container, and a damping force is applied to the upper part of the hollow rubber-like elastic body in three directions of translational motion and three directions of rotational motion. A plurality of damping plates provided with orifice holes are attached, and a damping force is to be generated by a resistance force when a viscous fluid passes through any of the orifice holes.

The damping plate is a combination of a horizontal x-direction damping plate, a horizontal y-direction damping plate perpendicular to the x-direction, and a vertical (z-direction) damping plate, and each damping plate has a plurality of holes. Are open, and these holes act as orifices.

An upper mounting member for mounting the power machine is fixed to the upper part of the hollow rubber-like elastic body, and a lower mounting member for mounting the damper to the base plate is fixed to the lower part of the hollow rubber-like elastic body. A pipe with a valve for injecting a viscous fluid is attached to the lower mounting member.

When the upper mounting member and the lower mounting member move relative to each other in the x direction, the viscous fluid passes through the orifice hole of the damping plate in the x direction, so that a damping force is generated in the x direction. The same applies to the y-direction and the z-direction.
Further, when the upper mounting member and the lower mounting member perform a relative rotational movement around the x-axis, the viscous fluid mainly passes through the orifice hole of the damping plate in the y-axis direction, so that a damping moment around the x-axis is generated. When the upper mounting member and the lower mounting member perform relative rotational movements around the y-axis, the x-axis direction damping plate gives a damping moment around the y-axis, and the upper mounting member and the lower mounting member are relative to each other around the z-axis. When performing rotational motion, the x-axis direction damping plate and the y-axis direction damping plate give a damping moment around the z-axis.

According to the present invention, a damping force can be generated in three directions of translational motion and three directions of rotary motion with a simple structure, and a considerably large damping force can be generated. Therefore, the damping force of a traffic machine, a power machine, or the like can be generated. It is effective as a device.

The coordinate system during motion of a machine supported by a vibration isolator consisting of a spring and a damper is shown. The front sectional view of this invention is shown. A cross-sectional view of the lower surface of the present invention (cross-sectional view in the AA direction of FIG. 2) is shown. The damping force generation mechanism used in the present invention is shown.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.

FIG. 1 shows a coordinate system when a machine supported by a vibration isolator consisting of a spring and a damper vibrates freely in any direction. The machine can vibrate in three straight line directions (x, y, z directions) and in three rotation directions (θ, φ, τ directions) around the x, y, z axes.

FIG. 2 shows a front sectional view of the present invention, and FIG. 3 shows a bottom sectional view of the present invention (cross-sectional view in the AA direction of FIG. 2). In the present invention, the viscous fluid 2 is sealed in the hollow rubber-like elastic container 1, and the upper mounting mechanism 3 to which the damping force generating mechanism 4 is fixed is adhered to the upper inner surface of the elastic container 1. .. Further, a lower mounting mechanism 5 having a check valve-equipped pipe 53 for injecting a viscous fluid is adhered to the lower outer surface of the elastic container 1.

The upper mounting mechanism 3 is composed of a columnar portion 31 having a bolt hole 32 and a disk portion 34 for fixing the damping force generating mechanism 4, and a bolt for mounting the damping force generating mechanism 4 is attached to the disk portion 34. There is a hole 33.
The upper mounting mechanism 3 and the damping force generating mechanism 4 may be fixed by adhesive or welding without using the bolt 42.

The damping force generating mechanism 4 is provided around the disk portion 41 for mounting on the upper mounting mechanism 3, the mounting bolt 42, the central shaft 43 fixed to the center of the disc portion 41 (shown in FIG. 3), and the central shaft 43. It is composed of four flat plates 44 and 46 fixed along the central axis at 90 ° intervals and a bottom flat plate 48 fixed to the lower end of the central axis. Of the four flat plates fixed to the central axis 43, two are x-direction damping plates 44, and the other two plates perpendicular to the x-direction damping plate 44 are y-direction damping plates 46. The bottom flat plate 48 fixed to the lower end of the central shaft 44 is a z-direction damping plate.
A plurality of holes 45 are formed in the x-direction damping plate 44, and these holes 45 serve as orifices that give a damping force in the x-direction when the disk portion 41 performs relative linear motion in the x-direction. .. Further, when the disk portion 41 rotates about the y-axis, the plurality of holes 45 formed in the x-direction damping plate 44 serve as orifices that give a damping force (more accurately, a damping moment). ..
Similarly, the plurality of holes 47 formed in the y-direction damping plate 46 serve as an orifice when the disk portion 41 makes a relative movement in the y-direction or around the x-axis, and are formed in the z-direction damping plate 48. The plurality of holes 49 serve as orifices when the disk portion 41 makes a relative movement in the z direction. When the disk portion 41 rotates around the z-axis, the plurality of holes 45 and 47 formed in the x-direction damping plate 44 and the y-direction damping plate 46 serve as orifices that give a damping moment.
The disk portion 41, the central shaft 43, the x-direction damping plate 44, the y-direction damping plate 46, and the z-direction damping plate 48 may be processed separately and fixed by adhesive or welding, but they may be integrally processed. You may make it. Further, the plurality of holes 45, 47, 49 formed in each damping plate may have any shape such as a circle, an ellipse, and a quadrangle.

The lower mounting mechanism 5 includes a hollow flat plate (annular flat plate) 51 for adhering the hollow rubber-like elastic container 1, a flat plate (base plate) 52 for fixing the hollow flat plate 51 and mounting the hollow flat plate 51 to the floor, and a base plate. It is composed of a cylindrical portion 53 provided in the central portion of the 52, and a check valve (check valve) 6 is attached to the inside of the cylindrical portion 53. Further, in the central portion of the base plate 52, a hole 54 for injecting the viscous fluid 2 is formed, and a plurality of bolt holes 55 for attaching the base plate 52 to the floor are formed. The base plate 52 does not have to be a disk and may have any shape.
The rubber-like elastic container 1 is adhered to the upper surface of the hollow flat plate 51. Further, the hollow flat plate 51 and the base plate 52 may be fixed by adhesive or welding, or may be bolted (not shown) with the packing sandwiched between them.

In the upper diagram of FIG. 4, when the disk portion 41 of the damping force generating mechanism 4 performs a relative linear motion in the x direction, the viscous fluid 2 passes through a plurality of holes 45 formed in the damping plate 44 in the x direction. Indicates the state. Due to the flow of the viscous fluid 2, the disk portion 41 receives a damping force (resistance force) in the x direction.
Further, in the lower figure of FIG. 4, when the disk portion 41 of the damping force generating mechanism 4 performs a relative rotational movement around the y-axis, the viscous fluid 2 is formed in the damping plate 44 in the x-direction. It shows the state of passing through. Due to the flow of the viscous fluid 2, the disk portion 41 receives a damping moment (resistance moment) around the y-axis.

Similar to the above case, when the disk portion 41 of the damping force generating mechanism 4 performs a relative linear motion in the y direction or the z direction, the disk portion 41 receives the damping force in the y direction or the z direction and is circular. When the plate portion 41 performs a relative rotational motion around the x-axis or the z-axis, the disk portion 41 receives a damping moment around the x-axis or the z-axis.

The viscous fluid 2 may be sealed in the hollow rubber-like elastic container 1 through the fluid filling hole 54 of the lower mounting mechanism 5 and the check valve 6.

In the above, the case where there are two x-direction damping plates, two y-direction damping plates, and one z-direction damping plate has been described, but the number of damping plates may be further increased (not shown). ).

If a traffic machine or a power machine is supported by a vibration isolator including a spring device and a damping device of the present invention, it is possible to simultaneously suppress vibrations in three directions of translational motion and three directions of rotational motion. It has sufficient potential for practical use.

1 ... Rubber-like elastic container 2 ... Viscous fluid 3 (31, 32, 33, 34) ... Upper mounting mechanism 4 (41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49) ... Damping force generation mechanism 5 (51, 52, 53, 54, 55) ... Lower mounting mechanism 6 ... Backflow prevention valve

Claims (3)

It is composed of four flat plates fixed along the central axis at 90 ° intervals around the central axis and a bottom flat plate fixed to the lower end of the central axis.
Each of the four flat plates and the bottom flat plate has a plurality of holes that act as orifices.
These multiple holes
When the central axis vibrates in a viscous fluid in a relative linear motion in three directions of translational motion, a damping force in the three linear directions is applied to the central axis.
Alternatively, when the central axis vibrates relative to the three directions of rotational movement in the viscous fluid, a damping moment in the three directions of rotation is given to the central axis.
A damping force generator characterized by. In the damping force generator according to claim 1,
A damping force generator characterized in that the number of flat plates fixed along the central axis and the number of bottom flat plates are further increased. The upper surface of the upper mounting disc, which has a cylindrical portion with mounting bolt holes, is adhered to the upper inner surface of the rubber-like elastic container with holes in the upper and lower parts.
The damping force generating mechanism according to claim 1 is fixed to the lower surface of the mounting disk.
Further, a flat plate for lower mounting having a viscous fluid inlet and a check valve is fixed to the lower outer surface of the rubber-like elastic container.
Attenuating device that encloses viscous fluid from the viscous fluid inlet.

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