JP2021105362A - Control device for vehicle mounted with co2 recovery device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a control device for a vehicle mounted with a CO2 recovery device, which can increase an amount of space capable of storing carbon dioxide in the CO2 recovery device while continuing travelling and does not increase the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.SOLUTION: A vehicle is mounted with a CO2 recovery device that is configured to store carbon dioxide recovered by capturing or adsorbing carbon dioxide in a gas and to allow the stored carbon dioxide to be recovered in a reclaimer provided on the outside. A control device for the vehicle includes a controller for controlling the CO2 recovery device. The controller is configured to determine a point or environment where carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is adsorbed or recovered (steps S2, S3), and when the vehicle travels in the point or environment, allow the carbon dioxide stored in the CO2 recovery device to be discharged to the outside of the vehicle (step S4).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

The present invention relates to a vehicle control device equipped with a device for recovering CO ₂ emitted from an internal combustion engine _{or CO 2 in the atmosphere.}

A vehicle equipped with a CO ₂ recovery device is described in Patent Document 1. The CO ₂ recovery device supplies the exhaust gas (exhaust gas) discharged from the engine to the CO ₂ capture agent, and the CO ₂ capture agent captures or adsorbs the carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas to reduce the carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas. It is configured to allow, that is, to collect. Residual exhaust gas after contact with the CO _{2 scavenger is released into the atmosphere.} Further, in the above-mentioned CO ₂ recovery device, carbon dioxide is desorbed from the scavenger by heating the scavenger by the exhaust heat from the engine, and the desorbed carbon dioxide is stored in the storage tank in the vehicle. It is configured in. The carbon dioxide stored in the storage tank is recovered at a predetermined recovery stand.

Special Table 2014-509360

Since the capacity of the above-mentioned storage tank is determined by design or structure, if the storage tank is full or stores carbon dioxide more than a predetermined amount, it becomes impossible to recover carbon dioxide any more. It ends up. Therefore, until the carbon dioxide stored in the storage tank is recovered at the recovery stand, even if carbon dioxide is generated due to the operation of the engine, the carbon dioxide must be released to the outside of the vehicle. As a result, the carbon dioxide concentration may increase by the amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere. On the other hand, if carbon dioxide is not emitted to the outside of the vehicle, the engine will have to be stopped.

The present invention has been made against the background of the above circumstances, and can increase the free capacity that can store carbon dioxide in the CO? Recovery device while continuing to drive, and also increase the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. It is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle control device equipped with a _{CO 2} recovery device that does not exist.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention stores the carbon dioxide recovered by capturing or adsorbing carbon dioxide in the gas, and the stored carbon dioxide is recovered by a recovery device provided outside. In a vehicle control device equipped with a CO _{2 recovery device configured as described above, a controller for controlling the CO 2} recovery device is provided, and the controller is a point or environment where the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is absorbed or recovered. _{Is configured to allow the carbon dioxide stored in the CO 2} recovery device to be released to the outside of the vehicle when the vehicle is traveling at the point or the environment. It is characterized by being present.

According to the present invention, the controller determines the point or environment where carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is absorbed or recovered, and when traveling in such a point or environment, the carbon dioxide stored in the CO? Recovery device is used as a vehicle. It is configured to allow it to be released to the outside of the. The above-mentioned point or environment where carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is absorbed or recovered is, for example, that the circulation and flow of air around the own vehicle is small to some extent, and a CO? Recovery device is installed in addition to the own vehicle. The environment in which other vehicles are traveling and points such as forest areas and mountainous areas can be mentioned. That is, the above-mentioned point or environment is a point or environment in which carbon dioxide can be absorbed by a CO? Recovery device other than the CO? Recovery device mounted on the own vehicle or by a plant. Therefore, when traveling in such a point or environment, even if carbon dioxide is released to the outside from the CO? Recovery device mounted on the own vehicle, the CO? Recovery device mounted on the other vehicle releases carbon dioxide. It can be absorbed or recovered, and the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere does not increase. Alternatively, since carbon dioxide can be absorbed to some extent by plants, it is unlikely to be a factor that increases the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. In addition, it is possible to increase the free capacity that can store carbon dioxide in the CO? Recovery device of the own vehicle while the vehicle continues to run. That is, since the carbon dioxide stored in the CO? Recovery device is not recovered by the recovery device after stopping once at a certain point of the recovery device, for example, the time required to arrive at the destination can be shortened.

It is a figure which shows typically the vehicle in embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows typically an example of the structure of a CO _{2 recovery apparatus.} It is a flowchart for demonstrating an example of control in Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating an example of a discharge point. It is a figure for demonstrating an example of the part having high carbon dioxide absorption capacity. It is a figure for demonstrating another example of the part with high carbon dioxide absorption capacity.

FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an example of a vehicle Ve equipped with the _{CO 2 recovery device 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention.} The vehicle Ve shown in FIG. 1 includes an internal combustion engine (hereinafter, referred to as an engine) 2 such as a gasoline engine or a diesel engine as a driving force source. The engine 2 is configured so that, for example, the output is adjusted and the operating states such as start and stop are electrically controlled. In the case of a gasoline engine, the opening degree of the throttle valve, the amount of fuel supplied or injected, the execution and stop of ignition, and the ignition timing are electrically controlled. In the case of a diesel engine, the fuel injection amount, the fuel injection timing, the opening degree of the throttle valve in the EGR [Exhaust Gas Recirculation] system, and the like are electrically controlled. The vehicle Ve in the embodiment of the present invention may be a so-called hybrid vehicle provided with a motor as a driving force source in addition to the engine 2.

In the _{example shown here, the CO 2} recovery device 1 is provided in the exhaust flow path 3 of the engine 2 described above, and the air containing carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas discharged from the engine 2 to the exhaust flow path 3 and the vehicle. By contacting air containing carbon dioxide inside or outside the vehicle interior with a trapping agent (not shown), the trapping agent captures or adsorbs carbon dioxide and recovers the carbon dioxide. Further, the CO ₂ recovery device 1 has a storage unit 4 for storing the carbon dioxide recovered from the air. The storage unit 4 may be configured to store carbon dioxide in a state in which carbon dioxide is captured or adsorbed by the above-mentioned scavenger. Alternatively, the carbon dioxide captured or adsorbed by the scavenger may be desorbed from the scavenger, and the desorbed carbon dioxide may be stored in a tank (not shown). Since the amount of the scavenger and the capacity of the tank in the storage unit 4 are determined by design or structure, the maximum amount of carbon dioxide that can be stored in the storage unit 4 can be determined in advance. Here, the above-mentioned air refers to the exhaust gas, gas in or around the vehicle interior of the vehicle Ve, gas in a tunnel, indoors, or the like, or gas in a predetermined space. Means.

Further, the exhaust flow path 3 is provided with a heat storage device 5 for storing the heat discharged from the engine 2 to the exhaust flow path 3. As an example, the scavenger is heated by the heat stored in the heat storage device 5 to desorb carbon dioxide trapped or adsorbed by the scavenger from the scavenger. That is, in a state where the storage unit 4 is connected to the carbon dioxide recovery stand 6 provided outside the vehicle Ve, the scavenger is heated by the above heat storage device 5 to desorb carbon dioxide from the scavenger. , The desorbed carbon dioxide is recovered at the recovery stand 6. Alternatively, when the above-mentioned tank is provided, the carbon dioxide desorbed as described above is temporarily stored in the tank, and the tank is connected to the recovery stand 6 to store the carbon dioxide in the tank. Is collected at the collection stand 6. _{The CO 2} recovery device 1 having the above configuration is stored, for example, in the luggage space of the vehicle Ve or in the vicinity of the luggage space.

Here, a method for capturing carbon dioxide and a method for recovering carbon dioxide by the _{CO 2} recovery device 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described. The capture or recovery of carbon dioxide by the CO ₂ recovery device 1 can be performed by, for example, a physical adsorption method, a physical absorption method, a chemical absorption method, a deep cold separation method, or the like. In the physical adsorption method, for example, carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas is adsorbed on the solid adsorbent by contacting the solid adsorbent such as activated carbon or zeolite with the exhaust gas, and the solid adsorbent is heated or depressurized to generate carbon dioxide from the solid adsorbent. Is a method of desorbing and collecting.

In the physical absorption method, an absorption liquid such as methanol or ethanol capable of dissolving carbon dioxide is brought into contact with the exhaust gas, and carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas is physically absorbed by the absorption liquid under high pressure and low temperature to absorb the absorption liquid. It is a method of recovering carbon dioxide from an absorption liquid by heating or reducing the pressure.

In the chemical absorption method, carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas is absorbed by the absorption liquid by a chemical reaction by contacting the exhaust gas with an alkaline absorption liquid such as amine that can dissolve carbon dioxide, and by heating, the absorption liquid is removed from the absorption liquid. This is a method of dissociating and recovering carbon dioxide.

The deep cold separation method is a method of recovering carbon dioxide by compressing and cooling exhaust gas to liquefy carbon dioxide and distilling the liquefied carbon dioxide.

In the embodiment of the present invention, a physical adsorption method is adopted as a method for capturing or recovering carbon dioxide, and carbon dioxide in exhaust gas, inside or outside the vehicle is captured or adsorbed by a capturing agent such as activated carbon or zeolite to be recovered. It is configured in. Further, the capture or adsorption of carbon dioxide by the scavenger is reversible, and as an example, by setting the temperature of the capture agent in the storage unit 4 to a temperature lower than that when carbon dioxide is desorbed from the capture agent. , Carbon dioxide is captured or adsorbed by a scavenger and recovered. In the following description, the temperature at which carbon dioxide is captured or adsorbed by this scavenger is referred to as the adsorption temperature. Then, carbon dioxide is desorbed from the scavenger by setting the temperature of the scavenger to a temperature higher than the adsorption temperature. Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, carbon dioxide is captured or adsorbed by the scavenger by increasing the pressure when the scavenger is brought into contact with carbon dioxide to some extent, and carbon dioxide is captured from the scavenger by decreasing the pressure. May be detached.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration _{of the CO 2} recovery device 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the heat exchanger 7 is provided on the upstream side of the storage unit 4 in the flow direction of the exhaust gas discharged from the engine 2. The heat exchanger 7 cools the gas containing carbon dioxide, that is, the exhaust gas and air of the engine 2 to a temperature equal to or lower than the carbon dioxide adsorption temperature in the storage unit 4, for example, the cooling water cooled by the radiator 8 and the exhaust gas and air. It is configured to exchange heat with and from. Between the heat exchanger 7 and the storage unit 4, a pump 9 for sending exhaust gas and the like to the storage unit 4 and a flow rate sensor 10 for detecting the flow rate of the exhaust gas and the like introduced into the storage unit 4 are provided. Therefore, the amount of dioxide captured or adsorbed by the storage unit 4 can be estimated based on the flow rate of the exhaust gas detected by the flow rate sensor 10. Further, the residual exhaust gas in which carbon dioxide is captured or adsorbed in the storage unit 4 is discharged to the outside of the vehicle Ve through the discharge port 11 or returned to the exhaust flow path 3 and is returned to the exhaust flow path 3 to the outside of the vehicle Ve together with other exhaust gas. Is released to. Further, the carbon dioxide desorbed from the scavenger by heating or depressurizing the scavenger in the storage unit 4 is discharged to the recovery stand 6 through the recovery port 12. Alternatively, as described above, the tank is temporarily stored in the tank and discharged from the tank to the collection stand 6. The collection stand 6 is provided, for example, in a gas station, a service area or parking area of an expressway, a parking lot of a commercial facility, or the like.

An electronic control unit (ECU) 13 for controlling the CO _{2 recovery device 1 is provided.} The ECU 13 corresponds to the "controller" in the embodiment of the present invention, is configured mainly by a microcomputer, and performs calculations using input data, data stored in advance, and the like. Then, by outputting the result of the calculation as a command signal, it is possible to control the supply and stop of the exhaust gas to the storage unit 4, the capture or adsorption of carbon dioxide in the storage unit 4, the desorption of carbon dioxide, and the like. It is configured in. Further, when the recovery stand 6 and the storage unit 4 are connected, the emission of carbon dioxide to the recovery stand 6 is controlled, and when the vehicle is traveling at a discharge point described later, the vehicle Ve is sent to the outside. It is configured to control the emission of carbon dioxide.

Further, the calculation and detection of the amount of carbon dioxide stored in the storage unit 4 will be described mainly by recovering the carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas of the engine 2 and storing it in the storage unit 4. The concentration of carbon dioxide contained in the exhaust gas of the engine 2 is within a substantially constant value or a constant concentration range when the engine 2 is constantly operating (combusting). Since _{the amount of exhaust gas supplied to the CO 2} recovery device 1 can be detected by the flow rate sensor 10, the amount of carbon dioxide supplied to the _{CO 2} recovery device 1 can be obtained based on the detected value of the flow rate sensor 10. When the throttle opening or fuel injection amount suddenly increases, such as during sudden acceleration, or when the low throttle opening continues due to congested driving, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas is in steady operation. Although it is different from the time, the amount of carbon dioxide supplied to the _{CO 2} recovery device 1 can be obtained by making such a correction according to the operating state of the engine 2. The proportion of carbon dioxide that can be captured or adsorbed by the storage unit 4 varies depending on the temperature and flow velocity of the exhaust gas, but this can be obtained in advance by an experiment or the like. That is, the ratio of carbon dioxide that can be captured or adsorbed by the storage unit 4 is mapped in advance according to the temperature and flow velocity of the exhaust gas, and the unit is based on the map and the temperature and flow velocity of the exhaust gas flowing into the storage unit 4. The amount of carbon dioxide recovered (adsorption amount) per hour can be obtained. Then, by integrating the amount of carbon dioxide recovered thus obtained, the amount of carbon dioxide stored in the storage unit 4, that is, the total amount of carbon dioxide recovered can be obtained.

Further, when the storage unit 4 is provided with a tank for storing carbon dioxide desorbed from the scavenger, it is also possible to obtain the amount of carbon dioxide in the tank by detecting the pressure in the tank. Is. Furthermore, since the exhaust gas is generated by the combustion of fuel, there is a correlation between the amount of carbon dioxide generated and the amount of fuel injected. Therefore, it is also possible to obtain the amount of carbon dioxide recovered by the _{CO 2 recovery device 1 based on the fuel injection amount.}

Since the maximum amount of carbon dioxide that can be stored in the storage unit 4 is determined by design or structure as described above, the amount of carbon dioxide stored or recovered in the storage unit 4 is the maximum amount or a predetermined amount. If it exceeds the value, carbon dioxide cannot be stored in the storage unit 4 even when the engine 2 is operated to generate carbon dioxide. Therefore, the control device according to the embodiment of the present invention is for avoiding or suppressing a state in which carbon dioxide cannot be stored in the storage unit 4, that is, for increasing the free capacity that can store carbon dioxide in the CO? Recovery device. It is configured to perform the controls described below.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining an example of the control, and first, the current position of the own vehicle Ve1 (hereinafter referred to as the current position) is acquired (step S1). This is based on, for example, measuring the position (latitude and longitude) of the own vehicle Ve1 by receiving radio waves from a plurality of GPS satellites, and based on the position information and map information and road information acquired from the navigation system. Can be done. Alternatively, if the position of the vehicle Ve can be measured by a sensor or signpost installed on the road or on the side of the road, the current position can be obtained by communicating with such a sensor or signpost.

Next, it is output whether or not the current position is a point where carbon dioxide stored in the storage unit 4 can be released or an environment (hereinafter referred to as a release point) (step S2). Specifically, when the current position is the emission point, the carbon dioxide emission flag is set to "1", that is, on. If the current position is not the emission point, the carbon dioxide emission flag is set to "0" or off.

The above-mentioned release point means that even if carbon dioxide is released to the outside of the own vehicle Ve1, the released carbon dioxide is absorbed or recovered by other than the own vehicle Ve1, and the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere does not increase. Or, it is a point or environment that is difficult to increase. As the release point, for example, the circulation or flow of air around the own vehicle Ve1 is small to some extent, and in addition to the own vehicle Ve1, in particular, a CO ₂ recovery device 1 is mounted rearward in the traveling direction of the own vehicle Ve1. The point or environment in which another vehicle (hereinafter referred to as a following vehicle) Ve2 is traveling can be mentioned. Further, as the above-mentioned location where the circulation or flow of air is small to some extent, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, the inside of a tunnel can be mentioned. Alternatively, a so-called half-way, such as a road, an underground parking lot, an indoor parking lot, etc. provided under the elevated road along the elevated road, at least a part around the own vehicle Ve1 is blocked by a wall, a roof, a road, or the like. An open space can be mentioned. That is, even if carbon dioxide is released from the storage unit 4, the carbon dioxide is likely to stay in place. Whether or not the current position is a point where carbon dioxide is likely to stay in the place can be determined based on the current position and map information or road information. Further, the presence or absence of the following vehicle Ve2 can be determined, for example, by performing vehicle-to-vehicle communication with other vehicles around the own vehicle Ve1 and acquiring information about the following vehicle Ve2. The release flag is a control flag for determining the release of carbon dioxide from the storage unit 4, and when it is set to "1", that is, on, carbon dioxide is released from the storage unit 4, and is set to "0", that is, off. As a result, the emission of carbon dioxide from the storage unit 4 is stopped. The above-mentioned release point corresponds to the "point or environment where carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is absorbed or recovered" in the embodiment of the present invention.

Following step S2, the process proceeds to step S3, and it is determined whether the release flag is "1" or "0". If it is determined that the release flag is "1", the process proceeds to step S4, the carbon dioxide is allowed to be released from the storage unit 4, and the release of carbon dioxide is started. Further, if the emission flag is set to "1" in the routine one time before the present time and carbon dioxide is released at the present time, the emission of carbon dioxide is continued. Specifically, the temperature of the scavenger in the storage unit 4 is raised to a temperature higher than the adsorption temperature, carbon dioxide is desorbed from the scavenger, and the carbon dioxide is released from the discharge port 11. Alternatively, the tank of the storage unit 4 is communicated with the discharge port 11, and the carbon dioxide in the tank is discharged from the discharge port 11. After that, this routine is terminated once.

On the other hand, if it is determined that the emission flag is "0", the process proceeds to step S5, and whether or not carbon dioxide emission control is currently being executed, that is, storage as described above. Whether or not carbon dioxide is released from the part 4 is determined. The determination in step S5 can be made based on, for example, the temperature of the scavenger, the pressure of the tank, and the like. That is, if the temperature of the scavenger is equal to or higher than the adsorption temperature and the storage unit 4 and the discharge port 11 are in a communicating state, it can be determined that carbon dioxide is released from the storage unit 4. Alternatively, if the tank and the discharge port 11 are in a communicating state and the pressure in the tank is gradually decreasing, it can be determined that carbon dioxide is released from the storage unit 4.

If a negative determination is made in step S5, this routine is temporarily terminated without any particular control. On the other hand, if a positive judgment is made in step S5, the carbon dioxide emission control is stopped (step S6). For example, the temperature of the scavenger is set to the adsorption temperature to stop the desorption of carbon dioxide from the scavenger. Alternatively, the communication state between the tank and the discharge port 11 is cut off. After that, this routine is terminated once.

As described above, in the embodiment of the present invention, when the own vehicle Ve1 is traveling at the release point, the carbon dioxide stored in the storage unit 4 is released to the outside, and the carbon dioxide is released by the following vehicle Ve2. It will be recovered. Therefore, it is possible to increase the free capacity that can store carbon dioxide in the CO? Recovery device of the own vehicle Ve1 while the vehicle Ve1 continues to run. That is, it is possible to reduce the frequency of temporarily stopping at the recovery stand 6 and recovering carbon dioxide stored in the CO? Recovery device at the recovery stand 6. As a result, the time required to reach the destination can be shortened. Further, since the released carbon dioxide is absorbed or recovered by the following vehicle Ve2, the carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere is not increased. The above-mentioned atmosphere means a gas covering the earth's surface.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and instead of releasing carbon dioxide from the storage unit 4 in the presence of the above-mentioned following vehicle Ve2, the own vehicle Ve1 places a portion having a high carbon dioxide absorption capacity. It may be configured to release carbon dioxide from the storage unit 4 when the vehicle is traveling or the own vehicle Ve1 is located at such a location. The places with high carbon dioxide absorption are, for example, places where the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by plants is large, such as forest areas and mountainous areas, as shown in FIG. 5, and indoor parking lots shown in FIG. Examples thereof include a parking lot 14 and an underground parking lot where a stationary CO ₂ recovery device 1f is installed. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, when the own vehicle Ve1 is running or located in the forest area, if carbon dioxide is released from the storage unit 4, CO _{2 is} recovered around the own vehicle Ve1. Even if there is no other vehicle Ve2 equipped with the device 1, the carbon dioxide emitted from the own vehicle Ve1 is absorbed to some extent by the surrounding plants. Further, when the own vehicle Ve1 is located in the indoor parking lot 14 as shown in FIG. 6, if carbon dioxide is released from the storage unit 4, it can be absorbed or recovered by the _{stationary CO 2 recovery device 1f.} Therefore, the same action / effect as that of the above-described embodiment can be obtained. It should be noted that the above-mentioned places where the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by the plants is said to be large, and the places where the stationary CO ₂ recovery device 1f is installed in the indoor parking lot 14 or the underground parking lot are also described above. It can be said that it is the release point. Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the gas (air) containing carbon dioxide to be recovered is not limited to the exhaust gas of the engine 2, and may include the air inside and outside the vehicle interior of the vehicle Ve.

1 CO ₂ recovery device 4 Storage section 6 Recovery stand (collector)
13 Electronic control unit (ECU)
Ve vehicle.

Claims (1)

It is equipped with a _{CO 2} recovery device configured to store the carbon dioxide recovered by capturing or adsorbing carbon dioxide in the gas and recovering the stored carbon dioxide with a recovery device provided outside. In the vehicle control device
A controller for controlling the CO _{2 recovery device is provided.}
The controller
Determine the point or environment where the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is absorbed or recovered,
When the vehicle is traveling at the point or in the environment
A vehicle control device equipped with a _{CO 2} recovery device, which is configured to allow the carbon dioxide stored in the CO _{2 recovery device to be released to the outside of the vehicle.}

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