JP2021097607A - Bobbin for plant cultivation tube and tubular plant cultivation system kit - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a device and a method whereby, in addition to promoting plant growth, the development of an environment for plant growth can be efficiently promoted.SOLUTION: A bobbin for a plant cultivation system kit has a trunk part, and brim parts joined to both ends of the trunk part. (I) The trunk part has a maximum diameter (Y) of 40-400 cm, (II) the brim part has a maximum diameter (Z) of 50-500 cm, and (III) the weight (X, kg) of the bobbin and the width (W, cm) of the brim part satisfy 2.0<X/W<7.0.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 12

Description

The present invention relates to a bobbin for a plant cultivation tube and a tubular plant cultivation system kit.

Many systems for growing plants have been reported so far. For example, furrow irrigation and sprinklers that can automatically supply water and nutrient solution, drip irrigation system (Patent Document 1) that enables reduction of the supply amount of water and nutrient solution, and Eco-Ag manufactured by Developmental Technologies (Patent Document 2). ), Hydroponic cultivation system (Patent Document 3) and mist cultivation system (Patent Document 4) used in plant factories and the like.

However, furrow irrigation and sprinklers release an unnecessarily large amount of water and nutrient solution into the environment, which leads to waste of water resources and increases the environmental load due to soil pollution. In addition, since the drip irrigation system and Eco-Ag can control the supply amount of water and nutrient solution, the amount of water and nutrient solution used can be reduced as compared with the furrow irrigation and sprinkler, but it is still insufficient. Since water and nutrient solution are supplied through the soil, there is a risk that the environmental load such as soil contamination will increase.
A plant cultivation system using ceramics (Patent Documents 5 and 6) has also been reported.

On the other hand, the hydroponic cultivation system used in the above-mentioned plant factories and the like realizes efficient use of water and nutrient solution by circulating and reusing water and nutrient solution. However, regarding the supply of air necessary for plant growth and the mist cultivation system, it is considered that there is room for improvement in the supply of water and nutrient solution. In order to solve this problem, the present inventors have proposed a material for plant cultivation and a plant cultivation system characterized by using a specific material and preferably taking the shape of a layered structure. (Patent Documents 7 and 8)

Israeli Patent Publication No. 0053463 U.S. Pat. No. 7,198,431 Special Publication No. 49-035539 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 06-197647 Japanese Patent No. 3044006 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 09-308396 International Patent Publication No. 2013/154053 International Patent Publication No. 2014/163145

In addition to the growth rate of plants, the improvement of the growing environment of plants and the speed of harvesting may also be major factors in improving the efficiency of plant cultivation. However, few reports have been made on conventional methods that have not only the growth rate but also the rate of improvement of the growing environment and the rate of harvesting.
The present inventors utilize conventional plant cultivation materials and systems to plant a tube-shaped plant cultivation system kit (for example, a tube base material having a hole in which a nutrient solution is contained and a nutrient solution can be partially discharged). A tube reel-shaped bobbin (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "bobin") with a wheel-shaped collar is wound with a material for cultivation (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "system kit"). It was found that a method of transporting in a form, feeding a tube from the bobbin at a cultivation site, and deploying the tube is useful.
It is self-evident that the bobbin preferably has a small body diameter from the viewpoint of efficiently storing the tube. On the other hand, if the diameter of the body of the system kit is small, it is considered that the material for plant cultivation and the like may be deformed and the volumetric efficiency may not be as high as expected. It is considered that this is because the curvature of the bobbin differs depending on the shape of the bobbin, so that an unnecessary load such as bending is applied to the system kit. In order to solve this, it is considered useful to increase the diameter of the bobbin body as described later, but if the diameter of the body is increased, the size of the bobbin tends to increase and the weight tends to increase. The increase in the weight of the bobbin has an adverse effect on the soil when the system kit is deployed (due to its weight, it is difficult to rotate it, and when it becomes necessary to place the bobbin on the floor or the ground, the collar part is deformed or sunk into the soil. , Harmful handling).
All of these were recognized as new issues that hindered the efficiency of plant cultivation and reduced the production efficiency.
Therefore, an object to be solved by the present invention is to provide an apparatus and a method capable of efficiently improving the growing environment of a plant, in addition to promoting the growth of the plant.

The present inventors have investigated a method capable of suppressing leakage of the nutrient solution in the tube without impairing the mobility of the bobbin. As a result, it was found that the above problem can be remarkably improved by using a tube reel bobbin having a specific structure. It was also found that it is particularly suitable for a system kit for cultivating tubular plants having a specific shape.

The present invention that solves the above problems is described below.
[1] A bobbin for a plant cultivation system kit having a body portion and collar portions joined to both ends of the body portion.
(I) The maximum diameter (Y) of the body is 40 to 400 cm.
(II) The maximum diameter (Z) of the collar is 50 to 500 cm.
(III) The weight (X) kilogram of the bobbin and the width (W) centimeter of the collar portion are
2.0 <X / W <7.0
A bobbin for a plant cultivation system kit.
[2] The bobbin for a plant cultivation system kit according to [1], wherein the material constituting the body portion and / or the collar portion is a material containing a hollow structure.
[3] The material constituting the body portion and / or the collar portion is at least one selected from the group consisting of cardboard, a resin having a foamed structure, and a hybrid material of a resin having a foamed structure and a metal plate. The bobbin for the plant cultivation system kit according to [1] or [2].
[4] A tube having an inner diameter of 0.4 to 3.6 cm, having a through hole on the surface, and being flexible, and a medium portion containing a material for plant cultivation installed on the surface of the tube. The width (L) centimeters of the medium portion in the longitudinal direction of the tube and the distance (M) centimeters between the ends of the adjacent medium portions are
0.5 <M / L <100
A system kit for growing tubular plants.

Since the bobbin of the present invention is characterized in that the shape and weight of the body and the brim satisfy specific conditions, the bobbin is relatively lightweight despite its large size, and the bobbin can be rotated in a cultivated area or the like to rotate the bobbin. It is easy to deploy, and the bobbin itself has excellent handleability.
Since the maximum diameter of the bobbin body of the present invention is a certain size or more, the curvature of the peripheral portion around which the tube is wound is small. On the other hand, in the process of studying the present invention, if the curvature at the time of winding becomes large, there is a risk that the winding efficiency of the tube portion of the tubular cultivation system kit decreases, and there is a risk that the material for plant cultivation is deformed. It turns out that there is.
Since the curvature of the bobbin body of the present invention is relatively small, the tube can be efficiently wound around the bobbin of the present invention. In addition, deformation of the material for plant cultivation can be suppressed.
Since the effects such as the above contents are exhibited, the bobbin and the tubular system kit of the present invention can be used to safely and flexibly transport the plant cultivation environment, and the cultivation environment can be quickly prepared in the cultivation area. ..
Considering that the world population is increasing and the cultivated land is decreasing, the contribution of the present invention to the agricultural business is great.

It is a figure which shows the structure of one form of the system kit for tube-shaped plant cultivation which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the cross-sectional structure of one form of the material for plant cultivation. It is a schematic side view of one form of the system kit for tube-shaped plant cultivation which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic diagram of a plant cultivation system by a combination of a plant cultivation material processed into a cylinder and a tube. (A) is a front view showing a cross-sectional view of a plant cultivation material processed into a columnar shape with a tube inserted in a plane orthogonal to the major axis direction thereof. (B) is a side view of the plant cultivation system. (C) is a side view showing a supply port of a liquid for plant cultivation. (D) is a side view showing a structure in which the installation member is detachable. (E) is a side view showing a state in which the installation member is removed. It is a schematic diagram of the plant cultivation system by the combination of the plant cultivation material processed into a cylinder, a tube and a liquid supply tank. (A) is a front view showing a cross-sectional view of a plant cultivation material processed into a columnar shape with a tube inserted in a plane orthogonal to the major axis direction thereof. (B) is a side view of the plant cultivation system. It is a schematic diagram of a plant cultivation system by a combination of a sheet-shaped plant cultivation material, a tube and a liquid supply tank. (A) is a front view showing a state of being inserted between two sheet-shaped plant cultivation materials in which tubes are overlapped, as a cross-sectional view of a plane orthogonal to the sheet surface. (B) is a side view of the plant cultivation system. It is a schematic diagram of a plant cultivation system by a combination of a plant cultivation material processed into a triangular column, a tube and a liquid supply tank. (A) is a front view showing a material for plant cultivation processed into a triangular columnar shape into which a tube is inserted as a cross-sectional view in a plane orthogonal to the long axis direction. (B) is a side view of the plant cultivation system. It is a schematic diagram of a plant cultivation system by a combination of a plant cultivation material processed into a rectangular parallelepiped shape, a tube and a liquid supply tank. (A) is a front view showing a cross-sectional view of a material for plant cultivation processed into a rectangular parallelepiped shape into which a tube is inserted, in a plane orthogonal to the major axis direction thereof. (B) is a side view of the plant cultivation system. It is a schematic diagram of a plant cultivation system by a combination of a plant cultivation material and a tube which can be directly connected to a tap. It is a schematic diagram of a plant cultivation system by a combination of a plant cultivation material and a tube which can be directly connected to a well water and / or a groundwater outlet. It is a schematic diagram of a plant cultivation system by a combination of a plant cultivation material and a tube which use tap water together with a liquid such as water, a nutrient solution, and a pesticide charged in a liquid supply tank. It is a schematic diagram of the plant cultivation system by the combination of the plant cultivation material which uses the liquid such as water, nutrient solution, pesticide, well water and / or groundwater which was charged in the liquid supply tank together, and the tube. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the growth of a plant and a root in a material for plant cultivation. It is a figure which shows typically the structure of one form of the bobbin which concerns on this invention. (A) is a schematic cross section with a plane including the central axis of the bobbin as a cross section, and (B) is a schematic cross section of a plane orthogonal to the central axis of the bobbin body.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The present invention provides a bobbin capable of efficiently operating a plant cultivation system kit, and preferably a plant cultivation system kit suitable for the bobbin. First, the bobbin of the present invention will be described.

The bobbin of the present invention has a shape in which a body portion and two or more flange portions are connected to each other. The brim portion may act as a wheel in the medium when deploying a tubular plant cultivation system kit wrapped around the trunk, which will be described later.
The body portion and the flange portion are preferably circular, but may be elliptical or polygonal as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. Further, the shape may be such that a part of the above-mentioned circle, ellipse or polygonal shape is missing.

The bobbin of the present invention has (I) a body having a maximum diameter (Y) of 40 to 400 centimeters (cm). The preferred upper limit is 400 cm, more preferably 200 cm, and particularly preferably 150 cm. On the other hand, the preferable lower limit is 40 cm, more preferably 50 cm, and particularly preferably 60 cm. If the maximum diameter (Y) of the body is within the above range, the material part for plant cultivation is less likely to be deformed when the tube-shaped cultivation system kit described later is wound around the body, and the tube is efficient. It can be wound up well. It is considered that this is because if the maximum diameter (Y) of the body portion is increased, the curvature of the peripheral portion of the body portion tends to decrease.
In principle, the larger the maximum diameter of the body, the smaller the curvature, but if the body becomes too large, the bobbin itself tends to increase in weight and the amount of tubes that can be stored tends to decrease.

The maximum diameter (Y) of the bobbin body of the present invention is a value at which the distance between any two points on the circumference of the body is maximized. The bobbin body of the present invention is often used by rotating it, but the center of rotation d tends to be preferably at the midpoint of the maximum diameter (Y).
The difference between the maximum diameter (Y) and the minimum diameter (Y2) of the bobbin body of the present invention is preferably small. The smaller this difference is, the smaller the change in the curvature of the peripheral portion is. Here, the minimum diameter (Y2) is a distance at which a straight line connecting arbitrary two points on the circumference passes through the midpoint of the maximum diameter (Y) and the distance between the two points is the minimum.
The preferred (Y2) / (Y) range is, for example, 0.8 to 1.0, more preferably 0.9 to 1.0, still more preferably 0.95 to 1.0, and particularly preferably 0. It is 97 to 1.0.

The bobbin of the present invention has a (II) collar having a maximum diameter (Z) of 50 to 500 centimeters (cm). The preferred upper limit is 500 cm, more preferably 300 cm, and particularly preferably 200 cm. On the other hand, the preferable lower limit is 50 cm, more preferably 55 cm, and particularly preferably 60 cm. When the maximum diameter (Z) of the collar portion is within the above range, the substantially installation area of the collar portion set as the subject of the present invention tends to increase. Therefore, when the bobbin is placed directly on the floor or the ground of the farm, the deformation of the collar is suppressed, the bobbin does not sink into the ground, and it is considered that the handling is not hindered. This is because if the maximum diameter (Z) of the collar portion is increased, the curvature of the peripheral portion of the collar portion tends to decrease, and as a result, the substantial contact area between the collar portion and the ground increases, and the surface with respect to the ground increases. It is considered that this leads to a decrease in pressure and makes it easier to handle the bobbin of the present invention.

The maximum diameter (Z) of the collar portion of the bobbin of the present invention is a value at which the distance between any two points on the circumference of the collar portion is maximized. The collar of the bobbin of the present invention is often used by rotating it, but the center of rotation tends to be preferably at the midpoint of the maximum diameter (Z). Further, it is preferable that it also coincides with the rotation center d of the body portion.
The difference between the maximum diameter (Z) and the minimum diameter (Z2) of the bobbin body of the present invention is preferably small. This is because it is considered that the smaller this difference is, the smaller the change in the curvature of the peripheral portion is, and the smoother the movement is possible. Here, the minimum diameter (Z2) means a case where a straight line connecting arbitrary two points on the circumference is indispensable to pass through the center of rotation, and the distance between the two points is the minimum.
The preferred (Z2) / (Z) range is, for example, 0.8 to 1.0, more preferably 0.9 to 1.0, still more preferably 0.95 to 1.0, and particularly preferably 0. It is 97 to 1.0.

The weight (X) of the bobbin of the present invention is preferably light in consideration of the above-mentioned problems. However, if it is too light, the strength of the bobbin itself may decrease. In addition, since it may be difficult to stand on a slope or on a windy day, the preferable weight range is 3 to 100 kilograms (kg). A more preferable upper limit value is 80 kg, still more preferably 60 kg. On the other hand, a more preferable lower limit value is 5 kg, still more preferably 7 kg.

The width (W) of the collar portion of the present invention preferably has a certain width. This is from the viewpoint that it is preferable to widen the contact area between the collar and the ground, as shown in the explanation of the maximum diameter of the collar. The preferable range of the width (Y) of the collar portion is 1 to 20 cm. A more preferable upper limit value is 15 cm, and even more preferably 10 cm. On the other hand, a more preferable lower limit value is 1.5 cm, more preferably 2 cm. Even if the width (W) of the collar portion is narrow, the object of the present invention can be achieved if the total width of all the collar portions is within a specific range. The bobbin of the present invention often contains a plurality of collars, and the total width of the collar portions is preferably in a preferable range of 2 to 50 cm. A more preferable upper limit value is 40 cm, still more preferably 30 cm. On the other hand, a more preferable lower limit value is 2.5 cm, still more preferably 3 cm.
The weight (X) kg of the bobbin of the present invention and the width (W) cm of the collar portion satisfy the following relational expression.
2.0 ≤ X / W ≤ 7.0
The above X / W can be considered as an index of the surface pressure of the bobbin of the present invention on the ground contact surface. Therefore, if this index is smaller, that is, if it is a value equal to or less than the upper limit of the parameter value, when the medium kit for plant cultivation according to the present invention is deployed in the cultivation area, the bobbin may be deployed on the soil or variously. It is advantageous from the viewpoint of handling. On the other hand, increasing the value of the collar width (W) (in the direction of decreasing the surface pressure) tends to increase the value of the bobbin weight (X). There is a range.
The preferred lower limit of the X / W value is 2.3, more preferably 2.5.
On the other hand, the preferable upper limit value of the X / W value is 6.5, more preferably 6.0, and even more preferably 5.5.
The width (W) of the collar portion does not refer to the width of one collar, but is the width of all the collars that are installed on the bobbin of the present invention and are in contact with the ground when the bobbin is placed on the ground. It is a sum. For a bobbin composed of two collars, the sum of the widths of the two collars, and in the case of a bobbin having four collars, the sum of the widths of the four collars is the sum of the widths of the four collars of the present invention (W). It becomes.

As described above, the bobbin of the present invention is preferably lightweight. That is, it is preferable that the density of the members constituting the bobbin is small. The specific density range is 10 to 1000 kg / m ³ .
The preferred lower limit of the density is 10 kg / m ³ , more preferably 20 kg / m ³ , still more preferably 30 kg / m ³ , and particularly preferably 40 kg / m ³ .
On the other hand, the preferable upper limit of the density is 1000 kg / m ³ , more preferably 800 kg / m ³ , still more preferably 600 kg / m ³ , and particularly preferably 400 kg / m ³ .

As the member constituting the bobbin of the present invention, known materials can be used without limitation as long as they satisfy the above range. The true density of the resin itself may be outside the above range, or the apparent density of the material such as foamed, hollow, or cardboard may be within the above range.
Specifically, as a member constituting such a bobbin, a long fiber woven fabric such as paper, a foam of synthetic resin such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene and polyurethane, and a grid of lightweight metals such as aluminum (alloy) and magnesium alloy are formed. It is possible to raise known lightweight structural members such as structural members such as and honeycomb structures. Among these, structural members using long fiber woven fabrics such as paper, polystyrene, and polyurethane foams are preferable examples. In particular, paper is preferable, and more specifically, corrugated cardboard is preferable.

Let's talk a little more about cardboard. The corrugated cardboard material preferably used for the bobbin of the present invention may be specially prepared or may be used in combination with existing products and members. A combination of existing members is preferable from the viewpoints of price, many variations, ease of procurement, and the like. Paper is generally used as the material, but plastic cardboard can also be used.
There are various existing standards for cardboard materials. For example, the thickness is called a flute. There are standards such as A flute, B flute, C flute, E flute, F flute, G flute, and W flute, and there are shapes such as a two-layer AAA stage and a three-layer AAA stage in which these are laminated.
The front and back surfaces of the paper material used are called liners, and there are types of materials such as "D4", "C120", "C5", "C6", "K5", "K6", and "K7".
These may be subjected to water repellent treatment, waterproof treatment, water resistance treatment, sterilization treatment and the like.
By combining these materials to form a bobbin having the conditions specified above, it is possible to obtain a bobbin that is lightweight, tough, and advantageous for movement and deployment.

In the present invention, it is general and preferable that a plurality of collar portions are present. In general, the number of collars is preferably two, which are arranged at opposite positions and have a shape suitable for rotation. Of course, the number of collars may be three or more. The distance (N) between adjacent collars is preferably 10 to 500 cm, more preferably 20 to 400 cm, still more preferably 25 to 300 cm, and particularly preferably 30 to 200 cm.
In the present invention, the ratio of the collar diameter (Z) to the body diameter (Y) and the value of Z / Y are preferably 4 to 1.1. It is more preferably 3.5 to 1.2, and even more preferably 3 to 1.25. If the Z / Y value is too small, the storage capacity of the system kit described later will be small, while if it is too large, the weight and size of the bobbin and the entire system kit will be too large, which may not be suitable for practical use.

(Tube-shaped plant cultivation system kit)
The tubular plant cultivation system kit of the present invention requires a combination of a tube-shaped member (tube base material) for supplying water and nutrients and a plant cultivation material for plant cultivation arranged so as to surround the tube-shaped member (tube base material). To do. The medium material for plant cultivation may be arranged so as to surround the entire tube. On the other hand, for example, as shown in FIG. 1C, the medium units of the plurality of plant cultivation materials 2 may be discontinuously arranged on the tube base material 1.
Among these, a shape in which the medium units of a plurality of plant cultivation materials are discontinuously arranged on the tube base material is preferable.
With the shape of such a tube-shaped plant cultivation system kit, in addition to improving the efficiency of plant growth as previously reported, it can be transported in the form of being wrapped around the bobbin, and the plant cultivation environment. Can be expected to have effects such as being able to deploy the system flexibly and efficiently.

In the case of the discontinuous arrangement shape described above, the width (L) of the medium portion in the longitudinal direction of the tube is determined by the type of plant to be cultivated and is not uniquely determined, but the preferable range is 1 to 20 cm. A more preferable upper limit value is 16 cm, still more preferably 14 cm, and particularly preferably 12 cm. On the other hand, a more preferable lower limit value is 2 cm, more preferably 2.5 cm, and particularly preferably 3 cm. These plurality of cultivation units may cultivate the same kind of plants, or may cultivate different kinds of plants in combination. Preferably, it is suitable for cultivating a plurality of plants in combination.
Further, one kind of plant may be cultivated in one medium unit, or a plurality of kinds of plants may be cultivated. Preferably, it is preferable to cultivate one kind of plant per unit of the medium in consideration of harvesting and the like.
In the case of the above discontinuous arrangement shape, the distance between adjacent medium parts, that is, the distance (M) of the part where the medium does not exist is also determined by the type of plant to be cultivated, and is not uniquely determined, but is 1 to 600 cm. It is preferable to have. A more preferable upper limit value is 550 cm, still more preferably 500 cm, and particularly preferably 450 cm. On the other hand, a more preferable lower limit value is 2 cm, more preferably 3 cm, and particularly preferably 4 cm.
By adopting such a discontinuous arrangement shape, for example, there is a possibility that the thinning work appropriately performed in normal plant cultivation becomes unnecessary and the influence of weeds can be reduced. In addition, at the manufacturing stage of the system kit, the distance between the media can be adjusted according to the type of plant to be cultivated, and seeds suitable for the medium can be prepared in advance, so it is efficient even without experience in plant cultivation. Various effects can be expected, such as the possibility of cultivating plants.

It is preferable that the length (L) of the medium and the distance (M) between the media have the following relationship.
0.5 <M / L <100
If the above L and M have such a relationship, an appropriate cultivation space can be secured for the plant, and if the winding method is devised, when the tubular plant cultivation system kit is wound around the bobbin, the tube-shaped plant cultivation system kit can be wound. It can also be expected that the volume loss due to the space caused by the step of the medium can be reduced.

The tubular plant cultivation system kit of the present invention is transported to a cultivation area in a roll state of being wrapped around a bobbin and held, and is fed from the bobbin to a cultivation surface of the cultivation area and arranged to supply a liquid for plant cultivation. It is connected to the system and used for plant cultivation.
The tubular plant cultivation system kit of the present invention is a member for forming a plant cultivation system in combination with a supply system of a plant cultivation liquid.
The tubular plant cultivation system kit of the present invention comprises a long tube base material having a hollow portion as a passage for a plant cultivation liquid, a plant cultivation material provided on the outer peripheral surface of the tube base material, and the like. It has a supply hole for supplying a plant cultivation liquid from the hollow portion to the plant cultivation material.
FIG. 1A shows an embodiment of the tubular plant cultivation system kit of the present invention as a cross-sectional view of a long tube base material along the axial direction.
The tubular plant cultivation system kit shown in FIG. 1A supplies a plant cultivation liquid to the plant cultivation material 2 from a long tube base material 1, a plant cultivation material 2, and a hollow portion of the tube base material 1. It has a supply hole 3 for the purpose.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1A, two plant cultivation materials 2 having a length (L) in the longitudinal direction of the tube base material are arranged at predetermined intervals (M). The length (L) and the interval (M) are as described above.

FIG. 1C shows a schematic side view of the tubular plant cultivation system kit of the present invention. This kit has a tube base material 1 and a plant cultivation material 2 arranged on the outer peripheral surface thereof at predetermined intervals such as equal intervals. Members 1a and 1b such as a stopcock that enable opening and closing operations are provided at both ends of the tube base material 1, and can be connected to a supply system for introducing a liquid for plant cultivation as needed. , Used for connection with the discharge system for draining liquid in the pipe.
The plant cultivation material 2 is provided at a position that covers the opening of the supply hole 3. The number of supply holes 3 and the opening position are not limited to the illustrated embodiment, and can be selected according to the cultivation purpose.

The plant cultivation material 2 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the tube base material 1 as if wrapped, for example, and covers the entire circumferential direction. One or a plurality of plant cultivation materials 2 may be partially provided in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral surface of the tube base material 1.
The thickness and shape of the plant cultivation material 2 are not particularly limited and can be selected according to the cultivation purpose. Further, the number of plant cultivation materials 2 is not particularly limited and can be selected according to the cultivation purpose. The thickness, shape, and number of plant cultivation materials are appropriately adjusted according to the growth of the plant so that a good growth direction and rooting state of the plant can be ensured until the maturity stage of the plant to be cultivated. You can choose. For example, various plant cultivation materials such as sheet-like, mat-like, cubic and / or rectangular parallelepiped, polygonal columnar such as triangular columnar, and columnar so as to have at least a surface that can be sown and a portion where roots can grow. It can be used as a shape of.

When a plurality of plant cultivation materials are arranged on a tube base material, the shape and / or thickness may be different even if the plurality of plant cultivation materials include a combination of plant cultivation materials having different shapes and / or thicknesses. It may be made of the same plant cultivation material.

The tube base material 1 has a hollow portion through which a liquid for plant cultivation is passed, and this hollow portion is provided so as to communicate with the outside. The position of the hollow portion of the tube base material 1 and the communication portion with the outside is not particularly limited, and can be selected from at least one of the end portion of the tube base material 1 and the outer peripheral surface between the ends according to the cultivation purpose. .. The communication portion with the outside is used as a connection portion with the supply system of the liquid for plant cultivation, the liquid for plant cultivation is supplied to the hollow portion of the tube base material 1, and the material 2 for plant cultivation is provided through the supply hole 3. A liquid for plant cultivation can be supplied.
When winding up to the bobbin or laying from the bobbin to the cultivation site, the hollow part of the tube base material 1 is pre-filled with the liquid for plant cultivation, and the connection part with the supply system of the liquid for plant cultivation is closed openly. You may leave it.
The length, inner diameter, and outer diameter of the tube base material 1 can be selected within a range applicable to the above-described bobbin winding holding and feeding from the bobbin, and according to the cultivation purpose.
The tube base material 1 may be composed of one tube or may be a combination of a plurality of tubes. When a plurality of tubes are connected, each tube unit may be interchangeably connected. For example, a tube unit having a plant cultivation material to which a cultivated plant is attached may be exchanged with a tube unit having a new plant cultivation material.
Further, when a plurality of tubes are connected, they may be divided into a plurality of parts composed of one or a plurality of tube units at the time of laying at the cultivation place or after the laying so that they can be used for plant cultivation.
The tube base material is not particularly limited as long as it has flexibility and / or elasticity that allows it to be wound on and unwound from the bobbin, and it is possible to open a supply hole and install a material for plant cultivation. .. Examples of the constituent material of the tube base material include polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, and resin materials such as polyvinyl chloride. Further, the tube base material may be reinforced with a metal wire, a synthetic resin wire, or the like. A porous tube having a hole from the beginning can also be used.

The elasticity of the tube base material is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the tube base material has elasticity that can be wound around the bobbin of the present invention.
The diameter (outer diameter) of the tube base material is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.01 mmφ to 1,000 mmφ, and more preferably 0.1 mmφ to 100 mmφ. The length of the tube base material is not particularly limited, but can be selected according to the winding length of the bobbin.
The shape and diameter of the supply hole are not particularly limited, but the diameter is preferably 99% or less, more preferably 90% or less of the inner diameter of the tube base material.

The plant cultivation material may be a seed-seed-integrated plant cultivation material in which at least one seed and seedling of the plant to be cultivated is included or adhered and integrated.

The material for plant cultivation can be used without limitation as long as it is a material having liquid retention property and liquid transfer property that enables cultivation of the target plant. Examples of such a material include a porous material and the like.
Examples of the material constituting the porous material include a natural inorganic material, a synthetic inorganic material, a natural organic material and a synthetic organic material. Examples of the porous material include a porous material having a structure in which a large number of continuous pores are formed in the matrix, and a porous material having a porous structure formed by a large number of fibers.
Examples of the porous material having a structure in which a large number of continuous pores are formed in the matrix include a foamed resin material such as a foamed styrol material, and examples of the porous material composed of fibers include rock wool and polyester non-woven fabric. Examples thereof include various non-woven fabrics and materials composed of a large number of entangled fibers described in Patent Document 7 and Patent Document 8. Among these, a material composed of a large number of entangled fibers described in Patent Document 7 and Patent Document 8 is preferable.
Examples of the fibers forming the porous material include natural fibers such as natural pulp, semi-synthetic fibers produced from natural pulp, synthetic fibers such as synthetic pulp and synthetic resin fiber, and the like, and these are materials for plant cultivation. Can include at least one of. In the formation of the porous structure composed of fibers, the fibers may be partially fixed by fusion or bonding with a binder or an adhesive, if necessary. In addition, the fibers may be partially fixed by entanglement. One or more of these methods can be used as a method for partially fixing the fibers to each other.

The following method can be used for installing the plant cultivation material 2 on the tube base material 1.
-A method of fixing a plant cultivation material previously molded into a desired shape and size to the outer peripheral surface of a tube base material.
-A method in which a material for plant cultivation is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of a tube base material and molded into a desired shape and size on the outer peripheral surface.
-A method of molding a plant cultivation material having a desired shape and size on the outer peripheral surface of a tube base material.

As a method of fixing the material for plant cultivation to the outer peripheral surface of the tube base material, a fixing method by fusion, a fixing method by an adhesive, a fixing method using a fixing device such as a string or a band, and a portion between fibers described above. At least one of these methods can be used by listing a fixing method or the like using a specific fixing method.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a plant cultivation system having a tubular plant cultivation system kit and a plant cultivation liquid supply system will be described.
As the material for plant cultivation according to the present embodiment, synthetic pulp produced from polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, natural pulp, synthetic resin fibers such as polyester fiber are used alone, or a plurality of these fibers are used in an arbitrary ratio. The constituent material is preferable. Regarding synthetic pulp, those described in Japanese Patent No. 391321 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-077519, and those manufactured by the method described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 53-1260 and the like can be mentioned. It is not limited to this.

Hereinafter, terms used in the present embodiment will be described.
(plant)
Aoi family plants such as cotton, Akaza family plants such as Tensai, Abrana family plants such as rapeseed, cabbage, and cub, Rice family plants such as corn, wheat, rice, and sorghum, Uri family plants such as cucumber and pumpkin, lettuce and Benibana , Kiku family plants such as gobo, Seri family plants such as carrots, celery and coriander, Todaigusa family plants such as Togoma and Cassaba, Nasidae plants such as eggplant, tomato and potato, Rose family plants such as strawberries, apples and Yamazakura Beans such as soybeans, citrus plants such as oranges and lemons, hirugaos such as sweet potatoes, yamanoimos such as Nagaimo and Tsukunemo, violets such as pansies, ginger such as ginger, and purples such as wasurenagusa. Plants, Keshi family plants such as chicks, Kusunoki family plants such as Kusunoki, Nemunoki family plants such as Nemunoki, Shiso family plants such as Akasiso, Nadeshiko family plants such as Nadeshiko, Kinpouge family plants such as Nigera (Kurotanesou, Nioikurotanesou), Various plants such as, but are not limited to these.

(seed)
A diaspore produced by sexual reproduction of a seed plant, which contains an embryo, which is a young plant developed from a fertilized egg. It also refers to an artificial embryo obtained by embedding an adventitious embryo obtained from tissue culture or the like in gelatin or resin.

(Seedling)
It refers to a plant having roots, stems, and leaves, or a plant piece and seed that can be regenerated into a complete plant by curing in the absence of one or two of them.

(Cultivation)
It refers to the artificial growth of a plant at any stage from sowing to maturity. For example, the plant is artificially grown over a whole or part of the period from sowing to maturity, and cultivation by each of the following stages and a combination of two or more thereof can be mentioned.
(1) From sowing to maturity (2) From seedling to maturity (3) From seed to seedling (4) Cultivate in other places through the seedling stage until the desired maturity stage, and from that stage to the maturity stage (5) From seedlings to the stage before the target maturity stage (cultivated elsewhere until the maturity stage).
For cultivation until the maturity stage, at least one of the target plant or its fruits, flowers, leaves, buds, branches, trunks, roots, bulbs, etc. can be harvested. It includes growing seeds and seedlings from the stage or the plant until they are ready for harvest.

(Cultivation environment)
Refers to an environment suitable for growing or promoting plant growth.

(Germination)
It means that leaves, stems and / or roots grow out from the inside and surface of seeds, propagules, bulbs, etc.

(Promotion)
Compared to the prior art, it means that the plant grows predominantly, such as fast growth, high germination rate, high survival rate, high plant mass or yield, and high quality (sugar content, etc.).

(Plant growth factors that plants need for growth)
It refers to, but is not limited to, those essential for plant growth such as water, fertilizer and air, and those necessary for controlling pests and diseases that hinder plant growth such as pesticides.

(Absorb the required amount when needed)
As the material for plant cultivation, it is preferable that the plant being cultivated can absorb a required amount of plant growth elements when necessary. "Absorbing the required amount when needed" means absorbing the amount of plant growth element that the plant wants to absorb when it wants to absorb it, that is, making the absorption of this element dependent on the plant in the process of plant growth. , This means that this element is supplied to the plant in just proportion.

(Liquid retention)
It refers to the property of retaining a liquid containing plant growth elements in the material for plant cultivation, and the retention rate is that the liquid content (based on weight) in the material for plant cultivation including liquid is 30% or more. It is preferably 95% or less, and more preferably 40% or more and 80% or less.

(Liquid transferability)
It refers to the property of easily transferring a liquid containing a plant growth element into a plant cultivation material, and the transfer rate is ^{preferably 0.01 mL or more per 1 cm 3 of the} plant cultivation material, more preferably 0.01 mL / h. , Plant cultivation material Plant cultivation material 0.1 mL or more per ^{1 cm 3 per hour.}

(Liquid for plant cultivation)
The liquid for plant cultivation is not particularly limited as long as it is a liquid used for plant cultivation by being supplied to a material for plant cultivation. Examples of the liquid for plant cultivation include a liquid plant growth element and a liquid containing the plant growth element.
Examples of the liquid plant growth element include water, liquid fertilizer and liquid pesticide, and these can be used alone or in combination of two or more of them.
As the liquid containing the plant growth element, an aqueous liquid containing water as the main liquid medium is preferable. The aqueous liquid containing a plant growth element can be prepared by using at least one selected from nutrients such as fertilizers and pesticides and water as a liquid medium. Further, known additives used for plant cultivation other than nutrients and pesticides may be added to the aqueous liquid containing the plant growth element, if necessary.

(fertilizer)
An essential nutrient for plant growth. It contains at least one type of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium, etc., which are said to be the three elements of fertilizer, and is a liquid or solid substance dissolved in water to make it liquid (including emulsified and suspended forms) (hereinafter, referred to as). Also called "nutrient solution")
The components of the nutrient solution include, for example, nitrogen fertilizers such as sulfur cheap, salt cheap, glass cheap, urea and lime nitrogen, phosphoric acid fertilizers such as lime perphosphate, lime diperphosphate and fused phosphorus fertilizer, potassium chloride and sulfuric acid. Potash fertilizers such as potash, chemical fertilizers such as simple fertilizers, chemical fertilizers and compound fertilizers, calcareous fertilizers such as fresh lime, slaked lime and calcium carbonate fertilizers, siliceous fertilizers such as mineral silicate fertilizers, manganese sulfate fertilizers and mineral manganese fertilizers Examples thereof include manganese fertilizers, borate fertilizers such as borate fertilizers, and trace element compound fertilizers such as molten trace element compound fertilizers. At least one of the components of these nutrient solutions may be used as a mixed fertilizer with the following pesticides and the like. The components of the nutrient solution are not limited to this. As the components of these solutions, one selected as necessary, or a combination of two or more can be used.

(Agricultural chemicals)
A chemical necessary for controlling pests and diseases that hinder the growth of plants. It refers to a liquid or solid substance dissolved in water to make it liquid (including emulsified and suspended forms).
Pesticides include pesticides, acaricides, nematodes, fungicides, herbicides and plant growth regulators, respectively, single agents and mixed agents. A single agent is a pesticide containing a single active ingredient, and a mixed agent is two or more of the following active ingredients of insecticides, acaricides, insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides. The following are arbitrarily mixed with each other and the following insecticides and fungicides are arbitrarily mixed, but the present invention is not limited to this.
Organophosphorus compounds such as acephate and fenitrothion, carbamate compounds such as mesomil and benfracarb, pyrazoles such as fipronil, neonicotinoid compounds such as imidacloprid and dinotefuran, as active ingredients of insecticides, acaricides, and nematodes. Natural products such as milbemectin and spinosad, and other substances having permeation transferability or water solubility such as chloranthraniliprole and cyantraniliprole can be mentioned, but are not limited thereto.
Active ingredients of fungicides include carbamates such as thiuram and manzeb, strobilurins such as azoxystrobin and cresoxime methyl, azoles such as triflumizole, tebuconazole and simeconazole, and natural products such as kasugamycin and streptomycin. Other examples include, but are not limited to, substances having permeation transferability or water solubility.
Active ingredients of herbicides and plant growth regulators include phosphoric acids such as glyphosate and glufosinate, sulfonylureas such as thifensulfon-methyl, inorganics such as ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate, triketones such as sulcotrione and mesotrione, and pyrazolates. And pyrazolates such as pyrasulfotor, triazolones such as sulfentrazone and amiccarbazone, isoxazoles such as isoxachlortol, natural products such as cytokinin and gibberellin, and other substances with permeation transferability or water solubility. However, it is not limited to this. The osmotic transferability refers to the property of being absorbed from the roots, stems, and leaves of a plant and migrating into the plant body.

(Vacancy in the material for plant cultivation)
When the plant cultivation material is porous, the pores are spaces for liquids containing plant growth elements to move into the plant cultivation material, so that plant seeds do not enter and the inside of the pores. It refers to a plant having a liquid transferability due to the surface tension and capillarity of the plant. Specifically, it is preferable that the pores of 10 μmφ or less occupy 50% or more (volume basis) of the pores existing in the plant cultivation material for plant cultivation, and more preferably the pores of 10 μmφ or less are for plant cultivation. It occupies 90% or more (volume basis) of the pores existing in the material for plant cultivation.

(Control of root growth)
A method of extending the roots of a plant to a state suitable for plant growth inside and / or outside the plant cultivation material, and creating a root environment that allows the plant to absorb the required amount of plant growth elements when needed. Say. In order to control the desired root growth, it is preferable that the plant cultivation material has a porous layered structure of a single layer or a plurality of layers of the plant cultivation material.

(Layered structure of plant cultivation material)
The porous layered structure of the plant cultivation material is a structure obtained by forming a substance constituting the plant cultivation material into a porous layer, and may be a single layer structure or a laminated structure composed of a plurality of layers.
When the layered structure is composed of a fiber material, it is preferable that each layer in the single-layer structure or the laminated structure of a plurality of layers has a planar structure formed by two-dimensionally continuously and / or discontinuously entwining the fiber materials. Further, it is preferable that the planar structure forms a three-dimensional structure formed by overlapping in the layer thickness direction.
The thickness of the layered structure may be set according to the desired form of plant cultivation and is not limited. The thickness of the layered structure is preferably 0.5 mm or more. The upper limit of the thickness of the layered structure can be selected according to the type, morphology, and state of the plant to be cultivated, and is not particularly limited. The thickness of the layered structure can be selected from, for example, 1 m or less, preferably 50 cm or less, more preferably 30 cm or less, still more preferably 20 cm or less, particularly preferably 15 cm or less, and particularly preferably 10 cm or less.
On the other hand, a suitable value for the thickness of the above-mentioned layered structure can be selected depending on the size of the bobbin shape of the present invention. For example, the thickness of the layered structure is preferably 1/1 to 1/1000 with respect to the value of "diameter of collar-body diameter". A more preferable lower limit is 1/700, and even more preferably 1/500. On the other hand, the preferred upper limit is 1/1, more preferably 1/2, and even more preferably 1/4. Of course, the size of the bobbin can be selected according to the thickness of the layered structure of the plant cultivation material.
As shown in FIG. 1B, the layered structure may have a laminated structure composed of a plurality of layers 2-1 to 2-4.
When the layered structure is a laminated structure of a plurality of layers, the thickness of each layer is preferably 0.01 mm or more and 50 mm or less, and more preferably 0.1 mm or more and 10 mm or less.
The porous layered structure may be provided directly on the outer peripheral surface of the tube base material, or after being formed on a separately prepared base material, the outer peripheral surface of the tube base material may be formed together with or separated from the base material. It may be provided in. The base material to be prepared separately can be appropriately selected according to the target plant cultivation.

(Plant cultivation method)
According to the plant cultivation method using the plant cultivation system according to the present embodiment, the plant is sown at any time from sowing to maturity using a plant cultivation material that is in a state where the elements required by the plant can be supplied to the plant. Can be cultivated over the stages of. Any stage from sowing to maturity is as described above in the "Cultivation" section.
The plant cultivation method according to one embodiment is
Installation process to install a tubular plant cultivation system kit at the plant cultivation site,
A liquid supply process in which a liquid for plant cultivation is supplied from the tube base material side to the plant cultivation material of the tubular plant cultivation system kit.
The cultivation process of cultivating plants using materials for plant cultivation and
Have,
The installation process is characterized in that the tubular plant cultivation system kit is unwound from a roll wound around a bobbin and the tubular plant cultivation system kit is unwound and installed at a plant cultivation site.
Inside the plant cultivation tube installed at the plant cultivation site, the tube is opened and filled with air, the tube is closed and filled with gas such as air to maintain the internal pressure, or the tube is closed. It can be filled with a liquid for plant cultivation. When the tube is closed, it is preferable that at least one of the closed positions of the tube has a structure that can be opened and closed for connection with the supply system of the liquid for plant cultivation by using a stopcock or the like.

(Supply system of liquid for plant cultivation)
A liquid supply system (also called a liquid supply material) that efficiently supplies a plant cultivation liquid to a plant cultivation material is a growth stage until the maturity stage of the plant to be cultivated, depending on the growth condition of the plant. , Refers to a supply system that can supply the reduced plant growth elements in the plant cultivation material without delay by absorbing the plant cultivation liquid or the plant growth elements contained in the plant cultivation liquid from the plant cultivation material. .. The connection method between the liquid supply system and the tubular plant cultivation system kit is not particularly limited, and a known method can be used.
Examples of the members constituting the liquid supply system include each member constituting the liquid supply device for supplying the plant cultivation liquid to the tubular plant cultivation system kit. Examples of this member include a pipe such as a supply pipe, a member having a flow path, a liquid supply port of a liquid storage container for plant cultivation, and the like.
Other members can be used for the liquid supply system, if necessary. Other members include, for example, a passage for collecting the liquid that has passed through the plant cultivation material as an discharge, a passage for circulating and supplying the plant cultivation liquid to the plant cultivation material, and connecting or branching these passages. Joint part for, switching mechanism for opening and closing passages and switching liquid supply between branched passages, storage containers for storing plant cultivation liquids, storage tubs and storage tanks, inside liquids moving in passages A filter mechanism or the like that prevents solid substances such as dust mixed in the guide member from flowing into the induction member can be mentioned. These passages can be constructed using one or more members selected from groove members, pipes, etc. that are closed by a lid or opened without a lid. Joints of various structures can be used for connecting and branching pipes.
For the movement of the liquid in the hollow part of the tube base material of the liquid supply system and the tubular plant cultivation system kit, movement by gravity using the height difference or movement using pressure by a transport pressure generating means such as a pump is used. It can be used.

Hereinafter, a specific example of the plant cultivation system according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 2 [(a): front view, (b): side view, (c): side view showing a supply hole for plant cultivation liquid, (d): side view showing a structure in which an installation member is detachable. , (E): Side view showing a structure in which the installation member is detachable], a tubular plant cultivation system kit is installed. At least one surface of a side surface of a tube 5 having a hole 6 for discharging liquid for supplying a plant cultivation liquid to the plant cultivation material 7 is coated with one or more plant cultivation materials 7. There is. The tube 5 covered with the plant cultivation material 7 is used alone or in a state in which a plurality of tubes are connected for plant cultivation. After closing both ends of the tube of the tubular plant cultivation system kit with a stopcock 4, open the stopcock 4 at one end to introduce a plant cultivation liquid into the tube, and sow and / or seedling on the surface of the plant cultivation material 7. Plant 8 can be grown by transplanting. The portion of the tube 5 provided with the liquid discharge hole 6 constitutes the installation member 6a of the plant cultivation material 7.
The stopcock 4 is not particularly limited as long as it has an opening / closing function.

By adopting a configuration in which the plant cultivation material 7 for plant cultivation to which the plant 8 is attached can be removed from the installation member 6a when the cultivation of the target plant 8 is completed, FIG. 2 (c) shows. In this state, a new plant cultivation material 7 can be installed on the installation member 6a to start the next cultivation.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 2D, plant cultivation with the plant 8 is carried out by providing a detachable structure for the portion of the installation member 6a in which the plant 8 is attached to the plant cultivation material 7. It is also possible to remove the installation member 6a provided with the material 7 to bring it into the state shown in FIG. 2 (e) so that it can be replaced with the installation member 6a provided with the new plant cultivation material 7.

Further, in the tubular plant cultivation system kit, a plurality of installation members 6a can be arranged in series with respect to one tube 5. Further, the tubes 5 provided with one or more of the installation members 6a may be arranged in parallel. Further, when the plant 8 is harvested or removed from the cultivation place, as described above, the plant cultivation material 7 with the plant 8 is removed, and the plant cultivation material 7 with the plant 8 is used together with the installation member. Various removal methods can be adopted as desired, such as a method of removing the tube 5 and a method of removing the entire plant cultivation material 7.

A filter for filtration or the like can be installed in the tube 5 or the hole 6 for discharging the liquid in order to remove impurities insoluble in the liquid. The sowing surface of the plant cultivation material 7 may also be provided with a ridge-shaped uneven structure, dents and holes for sowing, and the like. In addition, after sowing, cover the dents and holes with a water-soluble or biodegradable film or paper-like sheet so that the seeds or seedlings that have been sown or transplanted into the dents or holes do not fall out of the dents or holes. You can also do it.

As shown in FIG. 2, when the plant cultivation material 7 is processed into a columnar shape and used, the plant 8 is grown in the layer thickness direction from the inside to the outside of the column, and in addition to the roots extending in the layer thickness direction. By effectively growing the roots that extend in the direction that intersects the layer thickness direction (direction along each layer), the plant 8 ensures a firm rooting state and is a necessary element for growth. Can be absorbed in the required amount when needed.
Further, since the present liquid absorbed by the plant 8 and reduced from the amount in the plant cultivation material 7 is supplied to the plant cultivation material 7 through the tube 5 without delay, a stable cultivation environment can be obtained.

As shown in FIGS. 3 to 6 [(a): front view, (b): side view of each figure], the liquid supply tank 9 and the tube 11 filled with the liquid for plant cultivation are attached to the stopcock 10. Connect through. The surface of the tube 11 having the hole 12 for effluent is covered with one or more plant cultivation materials 13, and the tube 11 covered with the plant cultivation material 13 is supplied for cultivation alone or in combination. Prepare the line. After opening the stopcock 10 and charging the supply line with the liquid for plant cultivation from the liquid supply tank 9, the plant 14 can be grown by sowing and / or transplanting seedlings on the surface of the plant cultivation material 13.
An induction member (not shown) is arranged in the liquid discharge hole 12.

The materials constituting the liquid supply tank 9 include, for example, polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, Teflon (registered trademark), resinous materials such as silicon, metal materials such as stainless steel, calcined materials such as glass and pottery, mortar and the like. Examples thereof include concrete and composite materials thereof, but the present invention is not particularly limited.
The stopcock 10 is not particularly limited as long as it has an opening / closing function. The method of sending the plant cultivation liquid from the liquid supply tank 9 to the plant cultivation material 13 via the tube 11 is a method of opening the upper part of the liquid supply tank 9 to use atmospheric pressure, a method of using a pressure pump, or a system. A method of using a negative pressure difference by making the inside a closed system can be mentioned, but the method is not particularly limited. The tube 11 includes, for example, polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, resin materials such as polyvinyl chloride, metals such as stainless steel, fired materials such as glass and pottery, mortar, concrete and rubber, and composite materials thereof. The material is not particularly limited as long as it is a material capable of forming a hole 12 for discharging liquid. Further, a porous tube having a hole from the beginning can also be used. The size of the diameter of the tube 11 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.01 mmφ to 1,000 mmφ, and more preferably 0.1 mmφ to 100 mmφ. The length of the tube 11 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5 cm to 5,000 m, more preferably 50 cm to 500 m. The shape and diameter of the hole 12 for discharging liquid are not particularly limited, but the diameter is preferably 99% or less, more preferably 90% or less of the inner diameter of the tube 11. .. Further, a filter for filtration or the like can be installed in the liquid supply tank 9, the tube 11, or the hole 12 for discharging the liquid in order to remove impurities insoluble in the liquid. The sowing surface of the plant cultivation material 13 may also be provided with a ridge-shaped uneven structure, dents and holes for sowing, and the like. In addition, after sowing, cover the dents and holes with a water-soluble or biodegradable film or paper-like sheet so that the seeds or seedlings that have been sown or transplanted into the dents or holes do not fall out of the dents or holes. You can also do it.

As shown in FIG. 3, when the plant cultivation material 13 is processed into a columnar shape and used, the plant 14 is grown in the layer thickness direction from the inside to the outside of the column, and in addition to the roots extending in the layer thickness direction. By effectively growing the roots that extend in the direction that intersects the layer thickness direction (direction along each layer), the plant 14 ensures a firm rooting state and is a necessary element for growth. Can be absorbed in the required amount when needed.
Further, since the present liquid absorbed by the plant 14 and reduced from the plant cultivation material 13 is supplied from the liquid supply tank 9 to the plant cultivation material 13 through the tube 11 without delay, a stable cultivation environment can be obtained.

As shown in FIG. 4, when the tube 11 is sandwiched between the sheet-shaped plant cultivation material 13 having a layered structure and used, the plant 14 is arranged in the layer thickness direction of the layered structure contained in the sheet-shaped plant cultivation material 13. While growing, in addition to the roots that grow in the layer thickness direction, the roots that grow in the direction that intersects the layer thickness direction (directions along each layer) are also effectively grown, so that the plant 14 has solid roots. It is possible to secure the tension and absorb the necessary amount of this element necessary for growth when necessary.
Further, this liquid absorbed by the plant 14 and reduced from the inside of the plant cultivation material 13 is used for plant cultivation from the liquid supply tank 9 through the tube 11 by bringing the liquid discharge hole 12 and the plant cultivation material 13 into close contact with each other. Since the material 13 is supplied without delay, a stable cultivation environment can be obtained.

As shown in FIG. 5, when the plant cultivation material 13 is processed into a triangular prism and used, the plant 14 is firmly formed by extending the roots in the direction along the layers of the plant cultivation material 13 constituting the triangular prism. It is possible to secure the rooted state and to absorb the necessary amount of this element necessary for growth when necessary.
Further, this liquid absorbed by the plant 14 and reduced from the inside of the plant cultivation material 13 is used for plant cultivation from the liquid supply tank 9 through the tube 11 by bringing the liquid discharge hole 12 and the plant cultivation material 13 into close contact with each other. Since the material 13 is supplied without delay, a stable cultivation environment can be obtained.

As shown in FIG. 6, when the plant cultivation material 13 is processed into a rectangular shape and used, the layer thickness direction or the direction intersecting the layer thickness direction of the plant cultivation material 13 constituting the rectangular body (along each layer). By growing the plant 14 in the direction) and extending the roots in the direction intersecting the layer thickness direction or in the layer thickness direction, the plant 14 secures a firm rooting state and is a necessary element for growth. This liquid can be absorbed in the required amount when necessary, and the amount of this liquid absorbed by the plant 14 and reduced from that in the plant cultivation material 13 can be obtained by bringing the discharge hole 12 and the plant cultivation material 13 into close contact with each other. Since the liquid supply tank 9 is supplied to the plant cultivation material 13 through the tube 11 without delay, a stable cultivation environment can be obtained.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, when the tube 18 is directly connected to the tap water faucet 15 and the well water and / or the groundwater pumping port 16, the tap water, the well water and / or the groundwater is delayed to the plant cultivation material 20 through the tube 18. Can be supplied without.
Of the main elements necessary for growth, the plant 21 can absorb the required amount of water when necessary, so tap water or well water / groundwater is used alone, or as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, this liquid is charged. By using the liquid supply tank 24 together, this element is supplied to the plant cultivation material 28 without delay through the tube 26, so that a stable cultivation environment can be obtained.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the existing water faucet 15, well water and / or groundwater pumping port 16 and the tube 18 are connected via a stopcock 17, and the surface of the tube 18 having a hole 19 for discharging liquid is connected. A supply line for cultivation is prepared by covering with one or a plurality of plant cultivation materials 20 and a tube 18 covered with the plant cultivation material 20 alone or by connecting a plurality of tubes 18, and a stopcock 17 is opened for cultivation. The plant 21 can be grown by charging the supply line with water from the tap 15 or the well water and / or the groundwater pumping port 16 and then sowing and / or transplanting seedlings on the surface of the plant cultivation material 20. The stopcock 17 is not particularly limited as long as it has an opening / closing function. The tube 18 includes, for example, polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, resin materials such as polyvinyl chloride, metals such as stainless steel, fired materials such as glass and pottery, mortar, concrete and rubber, and composite materials thereof. The material is not particularly limited as long as it is a material capable of forming a hole 19 for discharging liquid. Further, a porous tube having a hole from the beginning can also be used. The size of the diameter of the tube 18 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.01 mmφ to 1,000 mmφ, and more preferably 0.1 mmφ to 100 mmφ. The length of the tube 18 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5 cm to 5,000 m, more preferably 50 cm to 500 m. The shape and diameter of the hole 19 for discharging liquid are not particularly limited, but the diameter is preferably 99% or less, more preferably 90% or less of the inner diameter of the tube 18. .. Further, a filter for filtration or the like can be installed in the tube 18 or the hole 19 for discharging the liquid in order to remove impurities insoluble in the liquid. The sowing surface of the plant cultivation material 20 may also be provided with a ridge-shaped uneven structure, dents and holes for sowing, and the like. In addition, after sowing, cover the dents and holes with a water-soluble or biodegradable film or paper-like sheet so that the seeds or seedlings sown or transplanted into the dents or holes do not fall out of the dents or holes. You can also do it.

9 and 10 show a configuration in which the liquid supply tank 24 is used in combination with the system shown in FIGS. 7 and 8.
In the system shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, a plant cultivation material 28 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the tube 26 having a hole 27 for drainage, and the tube 26 forms a supply line for the cultivation liquid to the plant 29. .. The tube 26 has a branch in which a supply line connected to an existing water faucet 22 or well water and / or groundwater pumping port 23 via a stopcock 25 and a supply line connected to a liquid supply tank 24 via a stopcock 25 merge. Have.

The relationship between the layer thickness direction and the plant growth direction in the layered structure of the plant cultivation material is not limited to the relationship shown in FIGS. 2 to 10, and should be appropriately set so that the desired cultivation state can be obtained. Can be done. Also, if necessary, use a guide to indicate the support and growth direction of the plant, use a support structure for fixing the plant cultivation material in the container 1, use the plant cultivation material in a tube, or use the plant. The wearability for fixing the cultivation material to the tube may be improved, or an adhesive material may be used. Further, the positional relationship between the liquid discharge hole and the tube is not particularly limited, and the liquid can be supplied through the liquid guide member inserted into the liquid discharge hole so that the desired cultivation state can be obtained. It can be set as appropriate.

FIG. 11 shows an example of the growth direction of plants and roots in the case of a plant cultivation material having a layered structure having a laminated structure. As shown in FIG. 11, while the plant 8 grows in the layer thickness direction, in addition to the roots extending in the layer thickness direction of the layered structure, it extends in the direction intersecting the layer thickness direction (direction along the plane direction of each layer). By effectively growing the roots as well, the plant 8 can secure a firm rooting state and can absorb the necessary amount of this element necessary for growth when necessary.
Further, since the plant cultivation liquid absorbed by the plant 8 and reduced in the plant cultivation material 3 for plant cultivation is supplied from the container 30 to the plant cultivation material 3 for plant cultivation without delay, a stable cultivation environment can be obtained. ..

The place where the plant is cultivated using this plant cultivation system is, for example, in a natural environment such as open field cultivation, in a cultivation room where the cultivation conditions such as temperature and / or humidity can be controlled, a house, a cultivation device, etc. for cultivation purposes. It can be selected as appropriate.

(Example 1)
Cardboard bobbins having the structures shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B were produced as follows.
1-1: Preparation of collar outer layer material (2 sheets)
A corrugated cardboard plate having a diameter of 158 cm was prepared by laminating two water-resistant A flute cardboards with a water-resistant body adhesive so that the eyes crossed at an angle of 90 °. (Thickness 1 cm)
A circular hole having a diameter of 15.64 cm was formed in the central portion of the paper tube through which the rotation shaft described later was passed.
1-2: Preparation of collar inner layer material (2 sheets)
A corrugated cardboard plate having a diameter of 158 cm was prepared by laminating three water-resistant A flute cardboards with a water-resistant adhesive so that the eyes crossed at 90 ° angles. (Thickness 1.5 cm)
A circular hole with a diameter of 77 cm was formed in the central portion for storing and adhering the body reinforcing portion described later.
2-1: Preparation of body reinforcement (collar mounting part) c-1 (2 sheets)
A corrugated cardboard plate with a diameter of 77 cm was prepared by laminating four A-flute corrugated cardboards with a water-resistant adhesive so that the eyes crossed at 90 ° angles. (Thickness 2 cm)
A circular hole having a diameter of 15.64 cm was formed in the central portion of the paper tube through which the rotation shaft described later was passed.
2-2: Preparation of body reinforcement (middle part) c-2 (2 sheets)
A corrugated cardboard plate having a diameter of 77 cm was prepared by laminating two layers of A flute corrugated cardboard with a water resistant adhesive so that the eyes crossed at an angle of 90 °. (Thickness 1 cm)
A circular hole having a diameter of 15.64 cm was formed in the central portion of the paper tube through which the rotation shaft described later was passed.
2-3: Preparation of body forming material Two honey panels (thickness 1.5 cm) manufactured by Tono Core Co., Ltd. having an actual size of 120 cm in length and 98 cm in width were prepared.
3: Paper tube e
A water-resistant paper tube having an inner diameter of 15.24 cm, a length of 100 cm, and a wall thickness of 0.2 cm was prepared.
4: Assembling the cardboard bobbin 4-1: Formation of the collar part The outer layer material of the collar part forming the outer part of the collar and the inner layer material of the collar part forming the inner part of the collar are overlapped with a water resistant adhesive. The collar portion a was prepared by laminating them so that they crossed at 45 °. At this time, next, the body reinforcing material c-1 is attached so as to be fitted into the hole in the central portion where the body inner layer material is located. Two pieces of this laminated material were prepared.
4-2: Formation of the body portion A paper tube e was passed through the two body portion reinforcing members c-2. The body reinforcing material c-2 was arranged 33 to 34 cm from the end of the paper tube e. The body b was formed by adhering the body forming material around the body with a water resistant adhesive. At this time, both ends of the paper tube e were arranged so as to protrude by 1 cm.
4-3: Assembling the bobbin A water resistant adhesive is applied to the recesses of the two flanges a, and the bobbins are fitted and fixed to both ends of the body b as shown in FIGS. 12 (A) and 12 (B). A bobbin of shape was obtained.
The weight (X) of this bobbin was 20 kg.
The outer diameter (Z) of the collar is 158 cm, the width of the collar (W) is 5 cm in total, the outer diameter (Y) of the body is 80 cm, and the length of the body (N-2W) is 100 cm. Met.
Therefore, X / W = 4.0, which satisfies the scope of the present invention.

A 100 m long tube (inner diameter: 1.2 cm, outer diameter:) with a plant cultivation material (material length L: 5 cm) attached to this bobbin so that the distance (M) between adjacent materials is 10 cm. 1.8 cm) was wrapped and stored.
Therefore, M / L = 2, which satisfies the scope of the present invention.
Even when the bobbin was attached to the tractor so as to support the rotating shaft, problems such as deformation of the bobbin did not occur.
The tube was then unfolded from the bobbin mounted on the tractor in the field. I was able to deploy the tube smoothly. After that, no problems such as liquid leakage were observed even when the nutrient solution was supplied to the tube.

(Example 2)
A bobbin was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the diameters of the collar outer layer material and the collar inner layer material were 120 cm. Further, the same tube as in Example 1 was used for the tube with the material for plant cultivation.
The weight (X) of the obtained bobbin was 15 kg.
The outer diameter (Z) of the collar portion was 120 cm, the width (W) of the collar portion was 5 cm in total, the body diameter was (Y) 80 cm, and the body length (N-2W) was 100 cm.
Therefore, X / W = 3.0, which satisfies the scope of the present invention.

There were no problems such as deformation of the bobbin when wearing the tractor while supporting the rotating shaft.
The tube was then unfolded from the bobbin mounted on the tractor in the field. I was able to deploy the tube smoothly. After that, no problems such as liquid leakage were observed even when the nutrient solution was supplied to the tube.

(Example 3)
One reinforced corrugated cardboard (thickness 1 cm) with a water-resistant AA two-layer flute structure is used for the outer layer material of the collar, and one reinforced corrugated cardboard with a water-resistant AA three-layer flute structure is used for the outer layer material of the collar. Two sheets (1.5 cm thick) of reinforced corrugated cardboard (thickness 2 cm) with a water-resistant AA two-layer flute structure are attached to the body reinforcing material (flame mounting part) c-1. For (intermediate part) c-2, one reinforced corrugated cardboard (thickness 1 cm) having a water-resistant AA two-layer flute structure was used. A bobbin was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except for these. Further, the same tube as in Example 1 was used for the tube with the material for plant cultivation.
The weight (X) of the obtained bobbin was 30 kg.
The outer diameter (Z) of the collar is 158 cm, the width of the collar (W) is 5 cm in total, the body diameter is (Y) 80 cm, and the length of the body (N-2W) is 100 cm. It was.
Therefore, X / W = 6.0, which satisfies the scope of the present invention.

There were no problems such as deformation of the bobbin when wearing the tractor while supporting the rotating shaft.
The tube was then unfolded from the bobbin mounted on the tractor in the field. I was able to deploy the tube smoothly. After that, no problems such as liquid leakage were observed even when the nutrient solution was supplied to the tube.

(Comparative Example 1)
A bobbin was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the shape of each member was changed so that the body diameter (Y) was 20 cm.
The weight (X) of the obtained bobbin was 8 kg.
Therefore, X / W = 1.6, which was outside the scope of the present invention.
Using the above bobbin with the same plant cultivation material as in Example 1, the bobbin was wound around the bobbin, the bobbin was attached to the tractor, and the tube was deployed in the field. When the nutrient solution was supplied to the tube after deployment, liquid leakage was observed between the tube and the material for plant cultivation.

(Comparative Example 2)
By using C flute corrugated cardboard for the outer layer material of the collar and the inner layer of the collar, and using one each, the width (W) of the two collars is 1.6 cm in total, but the same as in Example 1. A bobbin was prepared.
The weight (X) of the obtained bobbin was 12 kg.
Therefore, X / W = 7.5, which was outside the scope of the present invention.
Using a tube with the same plant cultivation material as in Example 1 on the above bobbin, perform the winding operation around the bobbin, and move the bobbin while rolling it on the ground in order to attach it to the rotating shaft of the tractor. However, the bobbin was deformed and sunk into the soil, making handling difficult.

1 Tube base material 1a, 1b Stopcock 2 Plant cultivation material 2-1 to 2-4 Layered structure 3 Supply hole 4 Stopcock 5 Tube 6 Discharge hole 6a Installation member 7 Plant cultivation material 8 Plant 9 Liquid tank 10 Stopcock 11 Tube 12 Stopcock hole 13 Plant cultivation material 14 Plant 15 Water faucet 16 Well water and / or groundwater pumping port 17 Stopcock 18 Tube 19 Discharge hole 20 Plant cultivation material 21 Plant 22 Water faucet 23 Well water and / or groundwater pumping port 24 Stopcock 26 Stopcock 26 Tube 27 Hole for draining 28 Plant cultivation material 29 Plant 30 Container a Flaucet b Body c-1 Stopcock (Faucet mounting part)
c-2 Body reinforcement (middle part)
d Center of rotation of the body e Paper tube L Width in the longitudinal direction of the tube M Distance between the ends of adjacent culture media N Bobbin length W 鰐 Width Y Body outer diameter Z 鰐 outer diameter

Claims (4)

A bobbin for a plant cultivation system kit having a body portion and collar portions joined to both ends of the body portion.
(I) The maximum diameter (Y) of the body is 40 to 400 cm.
(II) The maximum diameter (Z) of the collar is 50 to 500 cm.
(III) The weight (X) kilogram of the bobbin and the width (W) centimeter of the collar portion are
2.0 <X / W <7.0
A bobbin for a plant cultivation system kit. The bobbin for a plant cultivation system kit according to claim 1, wherein the material constituting the body portion and / or the collar portion is a material containing a hollow structure. 1. The material constituting the body portion and / or the collar portion is at least one selected from the group consisting of cardboard, a resin having a foamed structure, and a hybrid material of a resin having a foamed structure and a metal plate. Or the bobbin for the plant cultivation system kit according to 2. It has an inner diameter of 0.4 to 3.6 cm, has a through hole on the surface, and has a flexible tube and a medium portion containing a material for plant cultivation installed on the surface of the tube. The width (L) centimeters of the medium portion in the longitudinal direction of the tube and the distance (M) centimeters between the ends of the adjacent medium portions are
0.5 <M / L <100
A system kit for growing tubular plants.

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