JP2021083365A - Livestock breeding system, livestock breeding device, and livestock breeding method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a livestock breeding device and a livestock breeding method that warm bodies of livestock by using a superheated steam heater in a livestock barn, and sterilize the livestock barn.SOLUTION: A livestock breeding device includes: a superheated steam heater terminal 10, which is heating means for warming livestock by using superheated steam; and a thermography imaging device terminal 20, which is body temperature information acquisition means for acquiring body temperature information on the warmed livestock. The livestock breeding device also includes superheated steam generation amount changing means for setting a regulation body temperature beforehand as a desirable body temperature to maintain the health of the livestock, and changing a superheated steam generation amount so that the acquired body temperature of the livestock gets closer to the regulation temperature.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a system for raising livestock using a superheated steam heater, a livestock breeding device using a superheated steam heater, and a livestock breeding method using a superheated steam heater. Further, the present invention relates to a system for breeding pigs using a superheated steam heater, a pig breeding device using a superheated steam heater, and a pig breeding method using a superheated steam heater in a piggery.

Patent Document 1 describes a superheated steam heater that emits far infrared rays, but does not describe the use of a superheated steam heater for livestock in a livestock barn. When using a superheated steam heater for breeding animals, care must be taken not to raise the body temperature too much, and there was no idea of using it for animals.

Patent Document 2 describes a method of breeding an animal by irradiating it with far infrared rays. However, far-infrared rays are emitted from a far-infrared heater, and do not use a superheated steam heater. When far-infrared rays are emitted from a far-infrared heater, the far-infrared rays extend only around the heater. On the other hand, when a superheated steam heater is used, the superheated steam fills the entire livestock barn in every corner, and therefore far infrared rays also fall on the entire livestock barn. Therefore, when a superheated steam heater is used, the effect of warming livestock is much higher than when a far-infrared heater is used.

Japanese Patent No. 4671076 JP-A-2005-287428

The task is to warm the body of livestock using a superheated steam heater.

As a result of warming the body of livestock using a superheated steam heater, it is an issue that the livestock can move actively.

When a plurality of livestock are bred in the same livestock barn, the results of warming the body of the livestock using a superheated steam heater vary depending on the individual difference of the livestock. Based on such individual differences, it is an issue to prevent health damage to more livestock in captivity.

Among domestic animals, pigs have an immediate effect of warming their bodies to avoid sweating. When warming the pig's body using a superheated steam heater, the challenge is to prevent health hazards.

(1) A heating means for warming livestock using superheated steam, a body temperature information acquisition means for acquiring body temperature information of livestock warmed by the heating means, and an acquired body temperature of the livestock acquired by the body temperature information acquisition means in advance. The problem is solved by a livestock breeding system provided with a means for changing the amount of superheated steam generated so as to approach the set specified body temperature of the livestock.
When the livestock is warmed by using superheated steam, the superheated steam fills every corner of the livestock barn, and the livestock can be warmed efficiently. In addition, superheated steam is thought to generate far infrared rays, which has the effect of destroying bacteria in the air and improving the odor at the same time as overheating of livestock. In order to manage the body temperature of livestock so that it does not rise too much, a means to obtain the body temperature of livestock is needed. The prescribed body temperature is a body temperature that is preferable for maintaining the health of livestock. By setting the "regulated body temperature" in advance so that the body temperature of the livestock approaches the prescribed body temperature, the livestock can be maintained in a healthy state.
(2) The problem is solved by the livestock breeding system according to claim 1, wherein the body temperature information acquisition means acquires the body temperature information of the livestock from a thermographic image of the livestock.
Body temperature information can be easily obtained by using a thermography image. In addition to using a thermographic image, a general thermometer can also be used to acquire the body temperature information of livestock. It is also possible to pinpoint a predetermined livestock and use a radiation thermometer.
(3) The problem is solved by the livestock breeding system according to claim 1, wherein the body temperature information acquisition means acquires the body temperature information of the livestock at the room temperature of the livestock house in which the livestock is raised.
Since the room temperature of the livestock house closely affects the body temperature of the livestock itself, the body temperature information of the livestock can be obtained from the room temperature.
(4) The means for changing the amount of superheated steam generated changes the amount of superheated steam generated according to the difference in body temperature between the specified body temperature of the livestock and the acquired body temperature of the livestock acquired by the body temperature information acquisition means. The problem is solved by the livestock breeding system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized.
If the difference between the specified body temperature, which is the preferable body temperature of livestock, and the acquired body temperature, which is the actual body temperature of livestock, is large, it is necessary to change the amount of superheated steam generated significantly, and if the difference between the specified body temperature and the acquired body temperature is small, overheating is required. The change in the amount of water vapor generated may be small.
(5) The problem is solved by the livestock breeding system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the superheated steam generation amount changing means changes the steam generation amount by changing the heat amount for heating the steam. Solve.
(6) A claim characterized in that the heating means includes a plurality of coils for heating the air in the livestock barn, and the amount of heat for heating the steam can be changed by changing the number of coils to be overheated. The problem is solved by the livestock breeding system described in Item 5.
(7) The amount of heat for heating the water vapor is changed by heating only a heating coil preset according to the body temperature difference between the specified body temperature of the livestock and the acquired body temperature of the livestock. The problem is solved by the livestock breeding system according to claim 6.
(8) A heating mechanism in which the heating means heats water to generate steam, a water circulation mechanism for circulating water that is the source of steam, and air in a livestock barn for raising livestock are sent to the heating mechanism. The problem is solved by the livestock breeding system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a ventilation mechanism.
(9) The problem is solved by the livestock breeding system according to claim 8, wherein the amount of air sent from the blowing mechanism to the heating mechanism is a predetermined amount and is not changed.
By keeping the amount of air sent to the heating mechanism unchanged, the temperature, quantity, and quality of superheated steam can be kept constant.
(10) The problem is solved by the livestock breeding system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the superheated steam is constantly generated and the generated amount does not become zero.
If there is an opportunity for the amount of superheated steam to be generated to be zero, the body temperature of the livestock will change, resulting in stress on the livestock. Therefore, it is desirable to always generate superheated steam.
(11) The problem is solved by the livestock breeding system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the livestock is warmed by far infrared rays generated from the superheated steam.
When superheated steam is cooled, heat of condensation is released and far infrared rays are generated. Due to the heat of condensation, heat is transferred to the deep part of the livestock, and the livestock can be warmed.
(12) The problem is solved by the livestock breeding system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the livestock is a pig.
Pigs do not sweat, so they cannot regulate their body temperature sufficiently. Therefore, the effect of warming with superheated steam is greater than that of other livestock.
(13) A heating mechanism that warms livestock using superheated steam, a body temperature information acquisition mechanism that acquires body temperature information of livestock warmed by the heating mechanism, and the acquired body temperature of the livestock acquired by the body temperature information acquisition mechanism are obtained in advance. The problem is solved by a livestock breeding device equipped with a mechanism for changing the amount of superheated steam generated so as to approach the set specified body temperature of the livestock.
(14) The heating step of warming the livestock using superheated steam, the body temperature information acquisition step of acquiring the body temperature information of the livestock warmed by the heating step, and the acquired body temperature of the livestock acquired by the body temperature information acquisition step are obtained in advance. The problem is solved by a livestock breeding method including a step of changing the amount of superheated steam generated so as to approach the set specified body temperature of the livestock.

A superheated steam heater can be used to warm the body of livestock.

As a result of warming the livestock's body using a superheated steam heater, the livestock become active.

When a plurality of livestock are bred by the same livestock, the results of warming the body of the livestock using a superheated steam heater vary depending on the individual difference of the livestock. Based on such individual differences, there is no health hazard to more livestock in captivity.

Among domestic animals, pigs have an immediate effect of warming their bodies to avoid sweating. When warming a pig's body using a superheated steam heater, the health hazard is extremely low.

It is a figure explaining the outline of the whole Example 1 of this application. It is a flowchart explaining the proper body temperature maintenance program. It is a flowchart explaining the proper room temperature maintenance program. It is a figure explaining Example 1. FIG. It is a figure explaining the effect of the breeding method which concerns on Example 1 of this application. It is a flowchart explaining the superheated steam generation amount adjustment program. It is a figure which shows the appropriate heating coil information (for body temperature). It is a figure which shows the appropriate heating coil information (for room temperature). The results of a comparative experiment between a piggery using a superheated steam heater and a piggery using a normal heater are shown numerically. The results of a comparative experiment between a piggery using a superheated steam heater and a piggery using a normal heater are shown in the photograph. The results of a comparative experiment between a piggery using a superheated steam heater and a piggery using a normal heater are shown on the thermography screen.

1 Pighouse 10 Superheated steam heater terminal 20 Thermography image capturing machine terminal 30 Pighouse terminal 40 Internet 50 Server 51 Processing program information storage area 52 Storage information storage area 60 Superheated steam generator 61 Fan 62 Superheated steam generator Single unit 63 Water 64 Upper 65 Heating chamber 66 Coil chamber

[Whole Invention]
The overall outline of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

Pigs are bred in Pig House 1. The piggery is equipped with a superheated steam heater 10 and a thermography image capturing machine terminal 20. Although not shown, the barn is equipped with measuring instruments such as a thermometer, a hygrometer, and an air meter, and equipment such as a movie camera. These devices measure the situation inside the barn and shoot videos. The superheated steam heater terminal 10, the thermography image capturing machine terminal 20, other devices, and the piggery terminal 30 are connected to the server 50 by an information communication network such as the Internet 40 so that information can be exchanged.

Superheated steam is emitted from the superheated steam heater. Superheated steam spreads all over the piggery in the vertical and horizontal directions in a short time. Since superheated steam emits far infrared rays when it cools, the superheated steam that has spread throughout the piggery brings far infrared rays to every corner of the piggery.

The thermography image taking machine takes a thermography image of a piggery. Equipment for shooting may be installed in the piggery, or it may be a separately movable camera.

The processing program information storage area 51 and the storage information storage area 52 are stored in the server 50. The processing program information storage area 51 stores an appropriate body temperature maintenance program, an appropriate room temperature maintenance program, and a superheated steam generation amount adjustment program. In the storage information area 52, a specified range (body temperature / room temperature) information, appropriate heating coil information (for body temperature / room temperature), thermography image information, moving image information, measurement information, and judgment information are recorded. The proper body temperature maintenance program will be described with reference to FIG. The proper room temperature maintenance program will be described with reference to FIG. The superheated steam generation amount adjustment program will be described with reference to FIG. Appropriate heating coil information (for body temperature and room temperature) will be described with reference to FIGS. 7, 8 and the like. The thermographic image information is illustrated in FIG. The video information is the video information of the livestock barn. The measurement information is information such as date and time, air temperature, humidity, outdoor temperature, indoor temperature, odor intensity, average body temperature of pigs, weight gain of pigs, accident rate, and the like. Judgment information is information on judgments made according to each of the above programs.

The memory information of the thermography image, the memory information of the measurement result, the memory information of the judgment result, and the memory information of the instruction given as the result of the judgment are recorded and accumulated together with other information, and then for making a better judgment. Used as material.

The proper body temperature maintenance program will be described with reference to FIG. The CPU of the server 50 acquires the information of the thermography image of the piggery from the piggery terminal 30 (S1).

The CPU of the server 50 acquires the body temperature information of the pig from the thermography image (S2). As shown in FIG. 11, in the thermography image, the body temperature of each pig is shown by the color on the screen in addition to the information of the average temperature and the maximum temperature of the imaged object. Which pig's body temperature is to be acquired by the CPU of the server 50 is appropriately determined according to the situation. For example, the average body temperature (37.6 ° C. in the case of using the superheated steam heater shown in FIG. 11) may be used. Further, for example, since there are many cases where the body temperature rises too much, the maximum temperature (41.0 ° C. in the case of using the superheated steam heater in FIG. 11) may be set. Further, for example, the body temperature of the weakest pig may be grasped and obtained as the body temperature of the pig. By setting the body temperature of the weakest pig to the body temperature of the pig acquired by the CPU, it is possible that many pigs in the piggery, including the weak pig, can be maintained at an appropriate body temperature.

The CPU of the server 50 determines whether or not the body temperature of the pig is within the specified range (S3). The specified range is a temperature range that is considered to be an appropriate temperature if it is within that range. For example, the specified range of pig body temperature is set to 39 ° C to 40 ° C. When the body temperature of the pig is not within the specified range, the amount of superheated steam generated is adjusted (S4). The program for adjusting the amount of superheated steam generated is as shown in FIG. If the pig's body temperature is within the specified range, the program ends.

The proper room temperature maintenance program will be described with reference to FIG. The CPU of the server 50 acquires information on the indoor temperature of the piggery from the piggery terminal (S5).

The CPU of the server 50 determines whether or not the indoor temperature of the piggery is within the specified range (S6). The specified range is a temperature range that is considered to be an appropriate temperature if it is within that range. For example, the specified range of the indoor temperature of the piggery is set to 25 ° C to 28 ° C. When the indoor temperature of the piggery is not within the specified range, the amount of superheated steam generated is adjusted (S7). The program for adjusting the amount of superheated steam generated is as shown in FIG. If the room temperature of the piggery is within the specified range, the program ends.

The mechanism for adjusting the amount of superheated steam generated according to the present application will be described with reference to FIGS. 4, 5 and 6. FIG. 4 shows a superheated steam generator 60. FIG. 4A shows the entire superheated steam generator, and FIG. 4B shows the superheated steam generator unit 62 shown by assigning the reference numerals a, b, c, d, e, and f to (a). Shows one of. Each of the superheated steam generators indicated by the symbols a, b, c, d, e, and f has the same mechanism as that shown in FIG. 4 (b).

The superheated steam generator 60 is installed in the piggery. The superheated steam generator 60 includes a superheated steam heater terminal 10 (FIG. 1). As shown in FIG. 4A, the superheated steam generator 60 takes in the air in the piggery and sends it into the device by the force of the fan 61. The superheated steam generator 60 includes a plurality of superheated steam generators 62. The superheated steam generator shown in the figure includes six superheated steam generators 62 labeled with reference numerals a to f. The superheated steam generated from the superheated steam generator unit 62 is collected and released to the outside through the fan 68. As shown in FIG. 4B, the superheated steam generator unit 62 includes a coil chamber 66 and a heating chamber 65 inside. The coil chamber 66 is provided with a coil, and the coil is heated by electric power. The superheated steam generator is equipped with a mechanism for supplying water from the outside (not shown), and the heating chamber 65 contains the taken-in water (63). The heating chamber 65 is adjacent to the coil chamber 66, and the water 63 in the heating chamber 65 is heated by the coil in the coil chamber to generate steam. The heating chamber 65 extends in the vertical direction, and the water 63 does not extend to the entire heating chamber. The steam generated by heating is contained in the upper 64 of the heating chamber 65. The generated steam is further heated in the upper 64 of the heating chamber 65 by mixing with the air heated by the coil, and becomes superheated steam.

The air inside the piggery is sterilized in the process of being heated in the coil chamber, and the odor and pathogens are killed. In this way, the indoor air passes through the superheated steam heating device, so that the indoor air circulates while being sterilized. As a result, the air is cleaned and the odor disappears.

The coil of the coil chamber 66 of each superheated steam generator unit 62 can be turned on and off independently for each unit.

The amount of superheated steam generated and the change in pig body temperature are shown in FIG.

FIG. 5A shows the body temperature of a pig that changes accordingly when the power of all the heating coils is turned on or off. Pigs are not good at controlling body temperature, and changes in outside air temperature have an immediate effect on body temperature. Therefore, when the power of all the coil chambers is turned off and the amount of superheated steam generated is reduced to zero, the body temperature drops from 39 ° C. to 37 ° C. Further, when the power of all the coil chambers is turned on and the amount of superheated steam generated is increased, the body temperature rises from 37 ° C. to 39 ° C. Such a rise and fall of body temperature puts stress on pigs and is not good for health.

In FIG. 5 (b), instead of turning the power of all the coil chambers on and off, for the six individual heating coils, the five coils are turned on and the six coils are turned on in the order shown in the graph. The number of coils to be turned on is changed, such as on, 5 coils on, 4 coils on, 4 coils on, and so on, but the power of one of the coils is always on. The coil is designed so that superheated steam continues to be generated. In this case, as is clear from the graph showing the body temperature of the pig following it, the body temperature of the pig is maintained at 39 ° C. and does not change. For this reason, pigs do not feel stress due to changes in body temperature.

In other words, as a countermeasure when the body temperature of the pig rises too much due to excessive use of the superheated steam heater, there is a means to temporarily stop the heating by the superheated steam heating, but the generation of superheated steam is completely stopped. That is not desirable.

In the present application, when adjusting the body temperature of a pig, only some of the heating coils are turned on to reduce the number of operating heating coils. For example, the power is turned on only for the heating coils (coils a and b) shaded in FIG. 4. In this way, even if the amount of superheated steam generated increases or decreases, it is possible to avoid the situation where superheated steam is not generated.

In order to adjust the amount of superheated steam generated, there is a means of reducing the rotation speed of the fan 61 to reduce the amount of air sent into the superheated steam generator, but this is also not preferable as described below. When the rotation speed of the fan 61 is reduced to reduce the air volume of the air sent into the superheated steam generator, the amount of air sent into the individual coil chambers 66 is reduced. The superheated steam generated from the individual superheated steam generators 62 passes through the coil chamber and is superheated by the warmed air. Therefore, if the amount of air that has passed through the coil chamber and is warmed is reduced, the steam will not be sufficiently heated accordingly, and the temperature of the superheated steam will be lowered, resulting in lower quality. It also reduces the amount of superheated steam.

In the present application, when adjusting the body temperature of a pig, the air volume of the air in the piggery sent into the superheated steam heating device is kept constant. As a result, the temperature of the superheated steam generated from each superheated steam generator alone can be maintained at a predetermined high temperature without changing, and the quality is good, and a predetermined amount of superheated steam can be obtained. When the air volume in the piggery sent into the superheated steam heating device is kept constant, even if the superheated steam generator unit 62 is a unit in which the heating coil is turned off, for example, air is used. Passes with the same momentum as when the power is on.

The superheated steam generation amount adjustment program will be described with reference to FIG. The superheated steam generation amount adjustment program shown in FIG. 6 starts when it is determined in S3 of the appropriate body temperature maintenance program that the body temperature of the pig is not within the specified range (S4). The CPU of the server 50 acquires the temperature difference between the current body temperature and the upper or lower limit of the specified range (S8). The temperature difference can be acquired on a computer using existing calculation software. The CPU of the server 50 determines the heating coil based on the appropriate heating coil information (for body temperature) (FIG. 7) (S9). That is, for example, when the body temperature of the pig is 41 ° C., the specified range of the body temperature of the pig is set to 39 ° C. to 40 ° C., so that the difference from the upper limit of the specified range is + 1 ° C. According to the appropriate heating coil information (for body temperature), when the temperature difference is + 1 ° C., the coils to be heated are determined to be a, b, and c.

The CPU of the server 50 turns off the power of the coils other than the coil to be heated (S10). That is, in the example of the body temperature of 41 ° C., the power of the coils of d, e, and f is turned off. The work of turning off the power of the coils d, e and f can be performed on a computer by an existing method without human intervention.

If the CPU of the server 50 determines in S6 of the proper room temperature maintenance program that the room temperature is not within the specified range (S7), it is shown in FIG. 6 using the proper heating coil information (for room temperature) (FIG. 8). Power off the required coil with a program similar to. The details of the program are omitted.

[Experimental result]
FIG. 9 shows numerically the results of a comparative experiment between a piggery using a superheated steam heater and a piggery using a normal heater.

When a superheated steam heater was used, 40-day-old weaned pigs were bred for about 60 days from February 8, 2019. The average room temperature is 27.1 ° C, the average humidity is 70.0%, the odor intensity is 700 to 800 when the outside air is zero, the average body temperature of pigs is 38.0 ° C, the amount of weight gain is 441 g per day, and the accident rate. Two of the 379 animals died (0.005%). On the first day of the experiment, the piglets were sticking to each other in the corner of the piggery before using the superheated steam heater, but they were widely scattered in the piggery about 5 minutes after starting the superheated steam heater. , Actively moving and eating food was observed. After that, he continued to move actively and ate a lot of food.

When the superheated steam heater was not used, 46-day-old weaned pigs were bred for about 60 days from February 14, 2019. The average temperature is 26.8 ° C, the average indoor humidity is 76.0%, the odor intensity is 1,150 when the outside air is zero, the average body temperature of pigs is 36.0 ° C, the weight gain is 403 g per day, and the accident. The rate was that 5 out of 385 died (0.013%). The piglets were sick, gathered in the corner of the room on the underfloor heating, sticking to each other, and remained stationary.

FIG. 10 is a photograph showing the results of a comparative experiment between a piggery using a superheated steam heater and a piggery using a normal heater. In the piggery using the superheated steam heater, pigs can be seen scattered in the piggery and actively working. In piggery that does not use a superheated steam heater, the activity of pigs is slow and there is less scattering in the piggery.

FIG. 11 shows on a thermography screen the results of a comparative experiment between a piggery using a superheated steam heater and a piggery using a normal heater. In the piggery using the superheated steam heater, the average body temperature of the pig was 37.6 ° C, and the maximum body temperature was 41.6 ° C. In a piggery using a normal heater, the average body temperature of pigs was 35.3 ° C, and the maximum body temperature was 36.7 ° C.

Claims (14)

A heating means that uses superheated steam to heat livestock,
A body temperature information acquisition means for acquiring body temperature information of livestock warmed by the heating means, and
A livestock breeding system including a means for changing the amount of superheated steam generated so that the acquired body temperature of the livestock acquired by the body temperature information acquisition means approaches a preset specified body temperature of the livestock. The livestock breeding system according to claim 1, wherein the body temperature information acquisition means acquires the body temperature information of the livestock from a thermographic image of the livestock. The livestock breeding system according to claim 1, wherein the body temperature information acquisition means acquires the body temperature information of the livestock at the room temperature of the livestock house in which the livestock is raised. The means for changing the amount of superheated steam generated is
Any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the amount of superheated steam generated is changed according to the difference in body temperature between the specified body temperature of the livestock and the acquired body temperature of the livestock acquired by the body temperature information acquisition means. Livestock breeding system described in Crab. The means for changing the amount of superheated steam generated is
The livestock breeding system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the amount of steam generated is changed by changing the amount of heat for heating steam. The fifth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the heating means includes a plurality of coils for heating the air in the livestock barn, and the amount of heat for heating the steam can be changed by changing the number of overheating coils. The livestock breeding system described. The change in the amount of heat that heats the steam
The livestock breeding system according to claim 6, wherein the livestock breeding system is performed by heating only a heating coil preset according to a body temperature difference between the specified body temperature of the livestock and the acquired body temperature of the livestock. The heating means
A heating mechanism that heats water to generate steam,
A water circulation mechanism that circulates water, which is the source of water vapor,
The livestock breeding system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a blowing mechanism for sending air in a livestock house for raising livestock to the heating mechanism. The livestock breeding system according to claim 8, wherein the amount of air sent from the blowing mechanism to the heating mechanism is a predetermined amount and is not changed. The livestock breeding system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein superheated steam is constantly generated and the generated amount does not become zero. The livestock breeding system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the livestock is warmed by far infrared rays generated from the superheated steam. The livestock breeding system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the livestock is a pig. A heating mechanism that uses superheated steam to heat livestock,
A body temperature information acquisition mechanism that acquires body temperature information of livestock warmed by the heating mechanism, and
A livestock breeding apparatus provided with a superheated steam generation amount changing mechanism that changes the generated amount of superheated steam so that the acquired body temperature of the livestock acquired by the body temperature information acquisition mechanism approaches a preset specified body temperature of the livestock. A heating process that uses superheated steam to heat livestock,
A body temperature information acquisition process for acquiring body temperature information of livestock warmed by the heating process, and a body temperature information acquisition process.
A livestock breeding method including a superheated steam generation amount changing step of changing the generated amount of superheated steam so that the acquired body temperature of the livestock acquired by the body temperature information acquisition step approaches a preset specified body temperature of the livestock.

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