JP2021081396A - Abnormality detection system, distribution board, abnormality detection method, and program - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an abnormality detection system, a distribution board, an abnormality detection method, and a program capable of easily detecting wiring abnormality.SOLUTION: An abnormality detection system 100 includes an acquisition unit 711 and a detection unit 712. The acquisition unit 711 acquires voltage information concerning a voltage applied tp a circuit C1 connected to the distribution board 1 and current information concerning a current flowing on the circuit C1. The detection unit 712 detects a wiring abnormality of a wiring C11 in the circuit C1 based on at least one of the voltage information and the current information acquired by the acquisition unit 711.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present disclosure generally relates to anomaly detection systems, distribution boards, anomaly detection methods, and programs. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to an abnormality detection system, a distribution board, an abnormality detection method, and a program for detecting an abnormality in wiring included in a circuit connected to a distribution board.

Patent Document 1 discloses a distribution board in which a main switch and a plurality of branch switches are housed as internal units inside the cabinet. The main switch and the branch switch each have an earth leakage protection function. When the earth leakage protection function of the main switch and the branch switch detects the earth leakage, the contact part is forcibly opened to protect the circuit.

JP-A-2017-107833

An object of the present disclosure is to provide an abnormality detection system, a distribution board, an abnormality detection method, and a program that facilitates detection of wiring abnormalities.

The abnormality detection system according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes an acquisition unit and a detection unit. The acquisition unit acquires voltage information regarding a voltage applied to a circuit connected to a distribution board and current information regarding a current flowing through the circuit. The detection unit detects a wiring abnormality of the wiring in the circuit based on at least one of the voltage information and the current information acquired by the acquisition unit.

The distribution board according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes the above-mentioned abnormality detection system and a distribution board cabinet accommodating the abnormality detection system.

The abnormality detection method according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes an acquisition step and a detection step. The acquisition step is a step of acquiring voltage information regarding a voltage applied to a circuit connected to a distribution board and current information regarding a current flowing through the circuit. The detection step is a step of detecting a wiring abnormality of wiring in the circuit based on at least one of the voltage information and the current information acquired in the acquisition step.

The program according to one aspect of the present disclosure causes one or more processors to execute the above-mentioned abnormality detection method.

The present disclosure has an advantage that it is easy to detect a wiring abnormality of the wiring.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of an abnormality detection system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure and a distribution board in which the abnormality detection system is used. FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of the same distribution board as seen from the front with the lid and the cover removed. FIG. 3A is an explanatory diagram of the generation principle of the parallel arc. FIG. 3B is an explanatory diagram of the generation principle of the series arc. FIG. 4A is a waveform diagram showing an example of a waveform of a current flowing through the wiring when a parallel arc is generated. FIG. 4B is a waveform diagram showing an example of the waveform of the current flowing through the wiring when the series arc is generated. FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the above-mentioned abnormality detection system.

(1) Outline As shown in FIG. 1, the abnormality detection system 100 of the present embodiment is used to detect a wiring abnormality of the wiring C11 included in the circuit C1 connected to the distribution board 1. The abnormality detection system 100 includes an acquisition unit 711 and a detection unit 712. In the present embodiment, the component of the abnormality detection system 100 is included in the monitoring unit 7 (described later) arranged inside the distribution board 1.

The acquisition unit 711 acquires voltage information regarding the voltage applied to the circuit C1 connected to the distribution board 1 and current information regarding the current flowing through the circuit C1. The "circuit connected to the distribution board" referred to in the present disclosure may include a main breaker 3, a branch breaker 4, a seismic breaker 5, and an interconnection breaker 6 installed inside the distribution board 1. Further, the "circuit connected to the distribution board" referred to in the present disclosure is directly connected to the outlet 22 or the electric device 24 electrically connected to the secondary side of the branch breaker 4 or the secondary side of the branch breaker 4. It may include an electrical device 23 that is electrically connected. Further, the "circuit connected to the distribution board" referred to in the present disclosure may include a distributed power source 21 electrically connected to the secondary side of the interconnection breaker 6. In the following, when the main breaker 3, the branch breaker 4, the seismic breaker 5, and the interconnection breaker 6 are not particularly distinguished, they are referred to as “switch 2”.

In the present embodiment, the voltage information is information on the secondary side voltage of the main breaker 3 obtained by measuring using a voltage measuring device in the circuit on the secondary side of the main breaker 3. Further, in the present embodiment, the current information is information regarding the current flowing through the branch breaker 4 or the interconnection breaker 6 obtained by measuring using the current measuring device 8.

The detection unit 712 detects a wiring abnormality of the wiring C11 in the circuit C1 based on at least one of the voltage information and the current information acquired by the acquisition unit 711. The "wiring abnormality" referred to in the present disclosure may include an abnormality such as insulation deterioration or half-breakage in the wiring C11 included in the circuit C1. The "half-break" in the present disclosure means a state in which the wire is about to be broken. Specifically, if the wiring C11 is a stranded wire, a part of the wires constituting the stranded wire is a part of the wire. The wire is broken. As an example, the wiring abnormality may include that when the wiring C11 is composed of a pair of electric wires, an arc (so-called parallel arc) is generated due to a short circuit between the pair of electric wires. Further, as an example, the wiring abnormality may include that when the wiring C11 is composed of a pair of electric wires, an arc (so-called series arc) is generated when one of the pair of electric wires is half-broken.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the wiring abnormality of the wiring C11 in the circuit C1 is detected based on at least one of the voltage information and the current information. That is, in the present embodiment, when it is difficult to detect the wiring abnormality of the wiring C11 only by the voltage information, it is possible to detect the wiring abnormality of the wiring C11 based on the current information. On the contrary, when it is difficult to detect the wiring abnormality of the wiring C11 only by the current information, it is possible to detect the wiring abnormality of the wiring C11 based on the voltage information. Therefore, the present embodiment has an advantage that it becomes easy to detect a wiring abnormality of the wiring C11.

(2) Details Hereinafter, the abnormality detection system 100 of the present embodiment and the distribution board 1 including the abnormality detection system 100 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

The distribution board cabinet 10 (see FIG. 2) of the distribution board 1 is installed and used in a facility 500 such as a dwelling unit of a detached house or an apartment house, for example. The facility 500 in which the distribution board 1 is installed is not limited to each dwelling unit of a detached house or an apartment house, but is installed in a non-residential building (for example, a factory, a commercial building, an office building, a hospital, a school, etc.). May be done.

In the following description, unless otherwise specified, the X-axis direction is defined as the left-right direction and the Z-axis direction is defined as the vertical direction in FIG. Further, the directions orthogonal to the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction are defined as the front-rear direction. Further, the positive direction in the X-axis direction is defined as the right side, and the positive direction in the Z-axis direction is defined as the upper side. However, these directions are examples, and are not intended to limit the directions when the distribution board cabinet 10 and the distribution board 1 are used. In addition, the arrows indicating each direction in the drawing are shown only for the sake of explanation, and are not accompanied by an entity.

(2.1) Distribution board First, the distribution board 1 will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the distribution board 1 includes an abnormality detection system 100 and a distribution board cabinet 10 for accommodating the abnormality detection system 100. As shown in FIG. 2, the distribution board cabinet 10 accommodates a main breaker 3, a plurality of switches 2, a monitoring unit 7, a current measuring device 8, and a backup power supply 9 (see FIG. 1). To do. Here, the switch 2 includes a plurality of branch breakers 4, a seismic breaker 5, and an interconnection breaker 6. It is not essential that the distribution board cabinet 10 accommodates the monitoring unit 7, the current measuring device 8, and the backup power supply 9, and at least a part of the monitoring unit 7, the current measuring device 8, and the backup power supply 9 is divided. It may be outside the electric board cabinet 10.

The distribution board cabinet 10 includes a box-shaped body 11 (see FIG. 2) having an open front surface and a cover that closes the opening of the body 11. In FIG. 2, the cover is not shown. The distribution board cabinet 10 is attached to a member constituting the building, for example, a wall 110 of the building (see FIG. 2). The distribution board cabinet 10 may be mounted in a state where a part or the whole is embedded in a mounting hole provided in the wall 110. The distribution board cabinet 10 is provided, for example, at a height position that is out of reach of children of average height and can be operated by adults of average height. Be done.

Further, the distribution board cabinet 10 further includes a lid that covers the front surface of the cover with the distribution board cabinet 10 attached to the wall 110. The lid is attached to the cover so that it can be moved between the closed and open positions. The closed position is a position that covers the front surface of the cover. The open position is a position that does not cover at least a part of the front surface of the cover. The lid may cover a part of the front surface of the cover when the cover is viewed from a certain direction. In the present embodiment, the lid in the closed position covers the cover when the cover is viewed from the front. It covers almost the entire front of the.

As shown in FIG. 2, the distribution board cabinet 10 houses a main breaker 3, a plurality of branch breakers 4, a seismic breaker 5, an interconnection breaker 6, a monitoring unit 7, and a current measuring device 8. ing. The main circuit breaker 3, the plurality of branch breakers 4, the seismic circuit breaker 5, the interconnection breaker 6, the monitoring unit 7, and the current measuring device 8 are attached to the body 11 directly or via mounting parts or the like. FIG. 2 shows the arrangement of the main breaker 3, the plurality of branch breakers 4, the seismic breaker 5, the interconnection breaker 6, the monitoring unit 7, and the current measuring device 8 inside the distribution board cabinet 10. These arrangements are examples and can be changed as appropriate. Further, although the backup power supply 9 is not shown in FIG. 2, the backup power supply 9 may be arranged at an appropriate position inside the distribution board cabinet 10.

The main breaker 3 is arranged inside the distribution board cabinet 10 at a position slightly to the left of the center in the left-right direction. The position of the main breaker 3 inside the distribution board cabinet 10 may be another position, for example, on the right side of the center. The main breaker 3 includes a contact 31 (see FIG. 1) electrically connected between the primary side terminal and the secondary side terminal. The main breaker 3 is provided with an operating lever on the front surface for turning the contact 31 on or off. Further, the main breaker 3 includes, for example, a detection unit 32 (see FIG. 1) that detects an abnormal state in which an electric leakage current flows through the contact 31. The main circuit breaker 3 opens the contact 31 when the detection unit 32 detects an abnormal state in which an electric leakage current flows through the contact 31. As a result, the main breaker 3 cuts off the power supply to the circuit on the secondary side of the main breaker 3 and protects the circuit. Further, the main circuit breaker 3 opens the contact 31 when the detection unit 32 detects an overcurrent such as a short-circuit current or an overload current. Further, the detection unit 32 of the main circuit breaker 3 has a function of detecting the open phase state of the neutral wire in the single-phase three-wire wiring. Then, when the detection unit 32 detects the open phase state of the neutral line, the main circuit breaker 3 opens the contact 31. The main breaker 3 may have a limiter function that opens the contact 31 when a current exceeding a predetermined limit value flows.

The secondary terminals of the main breaker 3 are the conductive bar of the first voltage pole (L1 phase), the conductive bar of the second voltage pole (L2 phase), and the neutral pole (N phase) in the single-phase three-wire wiring. Conductive bars are connected. Each conductive bar is formed by a conductive member in the shape of a long plate long in the left-right direction, and is arranged in the center of the distribution board cabinet 10 in the vertical direction and at a position on the right side of the main breaker 3. There is.

The plurality of branch breakers 4 are divided into upper and lower sides of each conductive bar, and a plurality of each of the branch breakers 4 are arranged so as to be arranged in the left-right direction. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, 12 branch breakers 4 are arranged so as to be arranged in the left-right direction on the upper side of each conductive bar. Further, on the lower side of each conductive bar, 11 branch breakers 4 are arranged so as to be arranged in the left-right direction.

Each branch breaker 4 includes a pair of primary side terminals and a pair of secondary side terminals. Each branch breaker 4 has a contact that is electrically connected between the primary side terminal and the secondary side terminal. On the front surface of each branch breaker 4, an operation lever for turning on or off the contact built in each branch breaker 4 is provided.

The branch breaker 4 is available for 100V and 200V. The pair of primary side terminals included in the branch breaker 4 for 100V are electrically connected to one of the conductive bar of the first voltage pole and the conductive bar of the second voltage pole and the conductive bar of the neutral pole, respectively. To. The pair of primary side terminals included in the branch breaker 4 for 200V are electrically connected to the conductive bar of the first voltage pole and the conductive bar of the second voltage pole, respectively. Further, the corresponding wiring C11 is electrically connected to the secondary side terminal of the branch breaker 4. The wiring C11 connected to the secondary terminal of each branch breaker 4 includes, for example, an electric device 23 such as a lighting fixture and a hot water supply facility, an outlet 22 (see FIG. 1), or a wiring fixture such as a wall switch as a load. The above is connected. Therefore, the distribution board 1 is an electric device 23 connected to the secondary terminal of the branch breaker 4 via the wiring C11, an electric device 24 connected to the outlet 22 (for example, an air conditioner, a television receiver, etc.), or the like. Can be powered.

Further, the branch breaker 4 is provided with a detection unit 41 (see FIG. 1) for detecting an abnormal state in which an overcurrent such as a short-circuit current or an overload current flows through a contact built in the branch breaker 4. When the detection unit 41 detects an abnormal state in which an overcurrent flows through the contact, the branch breaker 4 opens the contact. As a result, the branch breaker 4 cuts off the power supply to the circuit on the secondary side of the branch breaker 4 to protect the circuit. Further, the detection unit 41 has a function of detecting an electric leakage state of the wiring C11 connected to the branch breaker 4. Then, when the detection unit 41 detects the occurrence of electric leakage, the branch breaker 4 opens the contacts.

The seismic circuit breaker 5 is arranged below the conductive bar so as to be aligned with the branch breaker 4 in the left-right direction. The seismic circuit breaker 5 has a seismic sensor 51 that detects vibration applied to the distribution board cabinet 10. When the seismic sensor 51 detects a vibration having a magnitude exceeding a predetermined reference value (for example, a seismic motion having a seismic intensity of 5), the seismic breaker 5 performs a breaking operation of breaking the circuit. The seismic circuit breaker 5 generates a pseudo electric leakage state by electrically connecting, for example, between the first voltage pole or the second voltage pole and the neutral pole via an impedance element having a relatively low resistance. When the seismic circuit breaker 5 generates a pseudo electric leakage state, the detection unit 32 of the main breaker 3 detects the pseudo electric leakage state generated by the seismic breaker 5, and the main breaker 3 opens the contact 31. Let me. As a result, when vibration of a magnitude exceeding the reference value is applied to the distribution board cabinet 10 due to an earthquake or the like, the power supply to the circuit connected to the secondary side of the main breaker 3 can be cut off.

A distributed power source 21 provided in the facility 500 is connected to the interconnection breaker 6. The interconnection breaker 6 is electrically connected between the conductive bar electrically connected to the secondary terminal of the main breaker 3 and the distributed power source 21. When the contact of the interconnection breaker 6 is turned on, the distributed power supply 21 can be interconnected with the grid power supply 20 to supply power to the load. On the other hand, when the contact of the interconnection breaker 6 is turned off, the distributed power source 21 is disconnected from the system power supply 20. The interconnection breaker 6 has, for example, a detection function for detecting the occurrence of an electric leakage. When the detection function of the interconnection breaker 6 detects the occurrence of an electric leakage, the interconnection breaker 6 shuts off and disconnects the distributed power supply 21 from the grid power supply 20. The interconnection breaker 6 may have a detection function for detecting an overcurrent such as a short-circuit current, and when the detection function of the interconnection breaker 6 detects an overcurrent, the interconnection breaker 6 performs a cutoff operation. It may be configured in.

The current measuring device 8 is configured to measure the current flowing through the loads (electrical devices 23, 24, etc.) connected to each of the plurality of branch breakers 4. The current measuring device 8 includes, for example, a substrate and a plurality of coils. The substrate has a long plate shape in the left-right direction. A plurality of holes are formed in the substrate. Terminals extending from the conductive bar and connected to the primary terminal of the branch breaker 4 are inserted into the plurality of holes. The coil is, for example, a logoski coil, which is formed around a hole in the substrate. In the present embodiment, the current measuring device 8 measures the current flowing through each of the plurality of branch breakers 4 and the interconnection breaker 6. Here, the current measuring device 8 (current sensor) is shared with the sensor used in the energy management system that manages the energy used in the facility 500 in which the distribution board 1 is installed. The current measuring device 8 is not limited to a mode having a logo ski coil, and is, for example, a mode having a current transformer (current transformer), a Hall element, a magnetic resistance element such as a GMR (Giant Magnetic Resistances) element, and a sensor such as a shunt resistance. It may be.

The backup power supply 9 includes a battery 91 which is a secondary battery such as a nickel hydrogen battery or a lithium ion battery, and a charging circuit for charging the battery 91. The charging circuit of the backup power supply 9 receives power from the primary side of the main breaker 3 to charge the battery 91. The backup power supply 9 supplies power to the monitoring unit 7 and the like using the battery 91 as a power source when the system power supply 20 has a power failure. Therefore, even if the system power supply 20 has a power failure, the monitoring unit 7 can operate by receiving power supplied from the backup power supply 9. When the system power supply 20 is normal, the monitoring unit 7 operates by receiving power supply from the primary side (system power supply 20) of the main breaker 3.

Here, the switch 2 further includes a communication unit 201. The communication unit 201 is configured to be able to communicate with the first communication unit 72 (described later) of the monitoring unit 7. The communication unit 201 sends and receives signals to and from the monitoring unit 7 directly or indirectly via a network or a repeater or the like by an appropriate communication method of wired communication or wireless communication. Here, a unique address is set for each of the plurality of switches 2. That is, the communication unit 201 communicates with the monitoring unit 7 using the address set in the switch 2 (the address stored in the memory or the like).

In the present embodiment, the communication unit 201 and the monitoring unit 7 can communicate with each other in both directions, transmit a signal from the communication unit 201 to the monitoring unit 7, and transmit a signal from the monitoring unit 7 to the communication unit 201. Both transmissions are possible.

Further, in the present embodiment, the communication unit 201 uses the substrate of the current measuring device 8 as at least a part of the communication path between the current measuring device 8 and the monitoring unit 7. In other words, the conductive layer of the substrate constitutes a part of the communication path between the communication unit 201 and the monitoring unit 7. As the communication method between the communication unit 201 and the board, for example, wired communication conforming to a communication standard such as RS-485 or a wired LAN can be appropriately adopted.

(2.2) Anomaly Detection System Next, the anomaly detection system 100 will be described with reference to FIG. In the present embodiment, as already described, the components of the abnormality detection system 100 are included in the monitoring unit 7. Therefore, the abnormality detection system 100 will be described below together with the description of the monitoring unit 7.

The monitoring unit 7 is arranged on the left side of the main breaker 3 inside the distribution board cabinet 10. Since the monitoring unit 7 operates by receiving power supplied from the primary side of the main breaker 3, it can operate even when the main breaker 3 shuts off. When the system power supply 20 has a power failure, the monitoring unit 7 receives power from the backup power supply 9, so that the monitoring unit 7 can operate even when the system power supply 20 has a power failure.

More specifically, the monitoring unit 7 of the present embodiment includes a control unit 71, a first communication unit 72, a second communication unit 73, and a storage unit 74.

The first communication unit 72 communicates with the controller 25 or the like installed in the facility 500. The controller 25 controls or monitors a device compatible with the HEMS (Home Energy Management System) (hereinafter referred to as a HEMS compatible device). That is, the controller 25 can acquire the instantaneous power and the electric energy of each of the plurality of loads (electrical devices 23, 24, etc.) connected to the plurality of branch breakers 4 by communicating with the monitoring unit 7. It can control or monitor HEMS-compatible devices. The controller 25 is arranged outside the distribution board cabinet 10. Here, the HEMS-compatible device includes, for example, a smart meter, a photovoltaic power generation device, a power storage device, a fuel cell, an electric vehicle, an air conditioner, a lighting device, a hot water supply device, a refrigerator, a TV receiver, and the like. The HEMS compatible device is not limited to these devices.

The communication method between the first communication unit 72 and the controller 25 is, for example, a 920 MHz band specific low power radio station (a radio station that does not require a license), Wi-Fi (registered trademark), Bluetooth (registered trademark), or the like. It is a wireless communication using radio waves as a medium, which conforms to the communication standard of. The communication method between the first communication unit 72 and the controller 25 may be wired communication conforming to a communication standard such as a wired LAN (Local Area Network). The communication protocol for communication between the first communication unit 72 and the controller 25 is, for example, Ethernet (registered trademark), ECHONET Lite (registered trademark), or the like.

Further, as described above, the first communication unit 72 communicates with the communication unit 201 of each switch 2 by using a part of the conductive layer of the substrate of the current measuring device 8.

The second communication unit 73 has a communication function of communicating with the management server 300 and the information terminal 400 via a wide area network 200 such as the Internet. Here, the information terminal 400 is, for example, a terminal carried by the user of the distribution board 1, for example, a smartphone or a tablet-type computer. Further, the information terminal 400 may be, for example, a desktop type personal computer or a laptop type personal computer.

The storage unit 74 includes, for example, an electrically rewritable non-volatile memory such as EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), a volatile memory such as RAM (Random Access Memory), and the like. The storage unit 74 stores the detection result of the detection unit 712 when a wiring abnormality occurs in the wiring C11.

The control unit 71 includes, for example, a computer system. The main configuration of a computer system is a processor and memory as hardware. When the processor executes the program recorded in the memory of the computer system, the function as the control unit 71 is realized. The program may be pre-recorded in the memory of the computer system, may be provided through a telecommunications line, and may be recorded on a non-temporary recording medium such as a memory card, optical disk, or hard disk drive that can be read by the computer system. May be provided.

The control unit 71 has the functions of the acquisition unit 711, the detection unit 712, and the output unit 713.

The acquisition unit 711 measures the power passing through at least one of the main breaker 3 and the branch breaker 4 in the distribution board 1. The monitoring unit 7 of the present embodiment is electrically connected to a main current measuring device for measuring the current flowing through the main breaker 3 and a current measuring device 8. Here, the main current measuring device includes, for example, a current sensor including a current transformer (CT). The acquisition unit 711 receives from the current measuring device 8 the current value flowing through each of the plurality of branch breakers 4 and the interconnection breaker 6 measured by the current measuring device 8. That is, the acquisition unit 711 acquires current information regarding the current flowing through each of the plurality of circuits C1 connected to the distribution board 1. Further, the acquisition unit 711 receives the current value measured by the main current measuring device from the main current measuring device. The acquisition unit 711 converts each of the current values measured by the current measuring device 8 and the main current measuring device into a power value (instantaneous power value). Further, the acquisition unit 711 has a function of calculating the data of the electric energy obtained by integrating the collected instantaneous power data over a predetermined time.

Further, in the present embodiment, the acquisition unit 711 is the line voltage between the first voltage pole and the neutral pole, and the second voltage pole and the middle, which are measured by the voltage measuring device in the circuit on the secondary side of the main breaker 3. The line voltage between the sex pole and the line voltage between the first voltage pole and the second voltage pole are received from the voltage measuring device. That is, the acquisition unit 711 acquires voltage information regarding the voltage applied to the circuit C1 connected to the distribution board 1.

The detection unit 712 detects a wiring abnormality in the wiring C11 included in the circuit C1 connected to the distribution board 1. The detection unit 712 has a function of detecting a wiring abnormality of the wiring C11 included in each circuit C1 based on the current information regarding the current flowing through each of the plurality of circuits C1 acquired by the acquisition unit 711. Further, the detection unit 712 has a function of detecting a wiring abnormality of the wiring C11 included in any of the circuits C1 based on the voltage information regarding the voltage applied to the circuit C1 acquired by the acquisition unit 711. The detection result regarding the wiring abnormality of the wiring C11 detected by the detection unit 712 is stored in the storage unit 74.

In the present embodiment, the detection unit 712 can detect the occurrence of an arc as a wiring abnormality of the wiring C11. Specifically, the detection unit 712 can determine whether or not an arc is generated in the wiring C11 by the same technique as the arc fault circuit breaker (AFCI). That is, the arc short-circuit protection circuit breaker can recognize the current characteristic and the voltage characteristic peculiar to the arc generated in the wiring C11 by using an electronic circuit, and can detect the arc generated in the wiring C11. By the same principle as this, the detection unit 712 can determine whether or not an arc is generated in the wiring C11.

Here, as described above, there are two types of arcs that can be generated in the wiring C11: parallel arcs and series arcs.

As shown in FIG. 3A, the parallel arc can be generated by short-circuiting the conductors of the pair of electric wires C10 constituting the wiring C11 by contacting each other. The dotted arrow I1 in FIG. 3A represents the path of the current flowing through the wiring C11 when the parallel arc is generated. The magnitude of the current flowing through the wiring C11 when the parallel arc is generated is, for example, about several tens [A] to several hundreds [A]. The parallel arc is generated by, for example, the coating C12 being damaged by the wiring C11 being caught on the edge of an object (for example, furniture) in the facility 500, or the wiring C11 being sandwiched between metal members such as staples. obtain. Further, the parallel arc may occur, for example, when an overcurrent flows through the wiring C11 and the coating C12 melts, or when an animal bites the wiring C11. In addition, the parallel arc may occur when the wiring C11 is deteriorated by being continuously exposed to ultraviolet rays for a long period of time.

FIG. 4A shows an example of the waveform of the current flowing through the wiring C11 when the parallel arc is generated. As shown in FIG. 4A, when a parallel arc is generated, a pulse current intermittently flows through the wiring C11. That is, when the parallel arc is generated, the waveform of the current flowing through the wiring C11 includes a unique pattern accompanying the generation of the parallel arc. Therefore, the detection unit 712 determines whether or not a parallel arc is generated in the wiring C11 by comparing the waveform of the current flowing through the wiring C11 measured by the current measuring device 8 with the above pattern, for example. Is possible.

As shown in FIG. 3B, the series arc can be generated when one of the pair of electric wires C10 constituting the wiring C11 is half-broken. The dotted arrow I2 in FIG. 3B represents the path of the current flowing through the wiring C11 when the series arc is generated. The magnitude of the current flowing through the wiring C11 when the series arc is generated is about several [A] to 30 [A]. Therefore, the magnitude of the current flowing through the wiring C11 when the series arc is generated is larger than the magnitude of the current flowing through the load (for example, the electric devices 23 and 24) connected to the wiring C11 in the normal state when no wiring abnormality occurs. May also be smaller. The series arc can occur, for example, by repeatedly bending the wiring C11 or pulling the wiring C11 with an excessive force.

FIG. 4B shows an example of the waveform of the current flowing through the wiring C11 when the series arc is generated. As shown in FIG. 4B, when the series arc is generated, the wiring C11 is superposed with the high frequency component peculiar to the series arc with respect to the current supplied to the load (for example, the electric devices 23 and 24). Current flows. That is, the current flowing through the wiring C11 when the series arc is generated may include a high frequency component peculiar to the series arc as illustrated in FIG. 4B. Therefore, the detection unit 712 can determine whether or not a series arc is generated in the wiring C11 based on, for example, the high frequency component of the current flowing through the wiring C11 measured by the current measuring device 8. As described above, the detection unit 712 has a function of determining the type of wiring abnormality (here, parallel arc or series arc) based on the current flowing through the wiring C11 (that is, current information). doing.

Here, the current information acquired by the acquisition unit 711 includes a current value obtained by measuring the current flowing through each of the plurality of circuits C1. That is, the current information includes the measurement result of the current for each circuit C1. Then, the detection unit 712 identifies the circuit C1 in which the wiring abnormality is detected based on the current information. That is, the detection unit 712 identifies which circuit C1 of the plurality of circuits C1 has a wiring abnormality of the wiring C11 by referring to the current information regarding the current flowing through each of the plurality of circuits C1. It is possible. For example, when the waveform of the current flowing through the wiring C11 of any one of the plurality of circuits C1 includes a unique pattern accompanying the generation of the parallel arc, the detection unit 712 uses this circuit C1. It is possible to identify that a wiring abnormality of the wiring C11 has occurred.

Further, in the present embodiment, the detection unit 712 can determine that an arc is generated in the wiring C11 when the voltage applied to the circuit C1 exceeds the threshold value. For example, a capacitor and a resistor are provided in the electric circuit connecting the first voltage pole and the second voltage pole, the electric circuit connecting the first voltage pole and the neutral pole, and the electric circuit connecting the second voltage pole and the neutral pole, respectively. CR circuits connected in series are connected in parallel. Then, when the voltage value of the voltage applied to both ends of the resistor exceeds the threshold value for each of these CR circuits, the detection unit 712 generates an arc in the wiring C11 connected to the corresponding CR circuit, that is, the wiring C11. It is determined that a wiring abnormality has occurred in. That is, the detection unit 712 determines that a wiring abnormality has occurred in the wiring C11 when high-frequency noise caused by the generation of an arc is generated in these electric circuits.

Here, in the present embodiment, the detection unit 712 operates in either the first mode or the second mode. The first mode is a mode for detecting the occurrence of a wiring abnormality of the wiring C11 based on the voltage information and detecting the occurrence of the wiring abnormality of the wiring C11 based on the current information. The second mode is a mode for detecting that a wiring abnormality has occurred when it is determined that a wiring abnormality has occurred based on either voltage information or current information. Which mode the detection unit 712 operates can be switched, for example, by the user operating the operation unit provided in the monitoring unit 7.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the detection unit 712 detects the wiring abnormality based on both the voltage information and the current information in the first mode. That is, even if the detection unit 712 determines that a wiring abnormality has occurred in only one of the voltage information and the current information in the first mode, it does not consider that the wiring abnormality has occurred in the wiring C11.

Further, in the present embodiment, in the first mode, the timing at which the detection unit 712 determines the occurrence of the wiring abnormality based on the voltage information and the timing at which the occurrence of the wiring abnormality is determined based on the current information coincide with each other. Then, a wiring abnormality is detected. That is, even if the detection unit 712 determines the occurrence of the wiring abnormality of the wiring C11 in both the case where the voltage information is referred to and the case where the current information is referred to in the first mode, these determination timings must match. For example, it is not considered that a wiring abnormality has occurred in the wiring C11.

The output unit 713 outputs according to the detection result of the detection unit 712. In the present embodiment, the output unit 713 executes a process of presenting a detection result regarding the wiring abnormality at least when a wiring abnormality of the wiring C11 occurs. For example, the output unit 713 displays a character string and / or an image on a display device (for example, a liquid crystal display or the like) provided in the monitoring unit 7 or a display device connected to the monitoring unit 7 to the user. The detection result is visually presented. Further, for example, the output unit 713 visually presents the detection result to the user by lighting a light source including a solid-state light emitting element such as an LED (Light Emitting Diode) provided in the monitoring unit 7. Further, for example, the output unit 713 audibly presents the detection result to the user by outputting a voice message from the speaker provided in the monitoring unit 7 or the speaker connected to the monitoring unit 7.

Further, the output unit 713 transmits the detection result of the detection unit 712 to the information terminal 400 owned by the user via the second communication unit 73. As an example, when the detection unit 712 detects a wiring abnormality of the wiring C11, the output unit 713 transmits a signal including the detection result to the information terminal 400 via the second communication unit 73. The user can know the detection result of the detection unit 712 by operating the information terminal 400, for example, by browsing an e-mail or starting an application for the monitoring system 100 installed in the information terminal 400. it can.

The information that can be included in the detection results is listed below. In the present embodiment, the detection result may or may not include all the information listed below. That is, the detection result may include at least information indicating that the wiring abnormality of the wiring C11 is detected by the detection unit 712.

The detection result may include type information indicating the type of wiring abnormality. In the present embodiment, the types of wiring abnormalities include at least two types, parallel arc and series arc. That is, in the present embodiment, the detection unit 712 can determine whether or not a parallel arc is generated and whether or not a series arc is generated as described above. Therefore, the output unit 713 can indicate whether the wiring abnormality is the generation of the parallel arc or the wiring abnormality is the generation of the series arc by referring to the determination result in the detection unit 712. ..

In addition, the detection result may include location information regarding the location where the wiring abnormality occurs. In the present embodiment, the location information includes information indicating one or more circuits C1 among the plurality of circuits C1. That is, in the present embodiment, the detection unit 712 detects the wiring abnormality of the wiring C11 for each circuit C1 as described above. Therefore, the output unit 713 can indicate in which circuit C1 (in other words, in which place) the wiring abnormality has occurred by referring to the determination result in the detection unit 712.

Further, the detection result includes information on whether the detection unit 712 has detected the wiring abnormality of the wiring C11 by the determination based on the voltage information, or whether the detection unit 712 has detected the wiring abnormality of the wiring C11 by the determination based on the current information. obtain. That is, in the present embodiment, the detection unit 712 determines whether or not a wiring abnormality has occurred in the wiring C11 based on at least one of the voltage information and the current information acquired by the acquisition unit 711 as described above. There is. Therefore, the output unit 713 can indicate which of the measurement results of the voltage information and the current information the wiring abnormality is detected by referring to the determination result of the detection unit 712.

Further, the output unit 713 outputs a control signal for controlling the circuit C1 to the circuit C1. That is, the output unit 713 can control each of the plurality of circuits C1. The "control of the circuit C1" as used in the present disclosure may include disconnecting the power supply to the circuit C1, restoring the circuit C1, limiting the current flowing through the circuit C1, and the like. As an example, the output unit 713 may output a control signal to the branch breaker 4 to open a contact built in the branch breaker 4 to cut off the power supply to the circuit C1 including the branch breaker 4. It is possible.

In the present embodiment, when the detection unit 712 detects a wiring abnormality of the wiring C11, the output unit 713 causes the circuit C1 including the wiring C11 in which the wiring abnormality is detected to cut off the power supply to the circuit C1. Outputs the control signal of. Here, if an arc is generated in the wiring C11, there is a possibility that an electric fire or the like may occur due to the generation of the arc. Therefore, in the present embodiment, when a wiring abnormality of the wiring C11 is detected, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of an electric fire by cutting off the power supply to the circuit C1.

In the present embodiment, power is supplied to the monitoring unit 7 from the primary side of the main breaker 3 even when the main breaker 3 shuts off. Therefore, when the system power supply 20 is not out of power, the detection unit 712 and the output unit 713 can operate. Further, power is supplied to the monitoring unit 7 from the backup power supply 9 in the event of a power failure of the system power supply 20. Therefore, even when the system power supply 20 has a power failure, the detection unit 712 and the output unit 713 can operate. In the present embodiment, the backup power supply 9 is provided outside the monitoring unit 7, but the backup power supply 9 may be built in the monitoring unit 7.

(3) Operation Hereinafter, the operation of the abnormality detection system 100 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. First, the acquisition unit 711 periodically acquires the voltage information and the current information by periodically receiving the measured values from the voltage measuring device and the current measuring device 8 (S1). The period for acquiring voltage information and current information is, for example, several ms. The process S1 corresponds to the acquisition step ST1 described later.

Next, the detection unit 712 monitors whether or not a wiring abnormality of the wiring C11 has occurred in any of the circuits C1 based on the voltage information and the current information acquired by the acquisition unit 711. Here, when the detection unit 712 is operating in the first mode (S2: Yes), the detection unit 712 detects that a wiring abnormality has occurred in the wiring C11 when the following three conditions are satisfied. (S6). The first condition is that the detection unit 712 determines that a wiring abnormality has occurred in the wiring C11 based on the current information (S3: Yes). The second condition is that the detection unit 712 determines that a wiring abnormality has occurred in the wiring C11 based on the voltage information (S4: Yes). The third condition is that the determination timing based on the current information and the determination timing based on the voltage information match (S5: Yes). The order of the processes S3 and S4 may be reversed.

On the other hand, when the detection unit 712 is operating in the second mode (S2: No), the detection unit 712 determines that a wiring abnormality has occurred in the wiring C11 based on the current information (S9: Yes). It is detected that a wiring abnormality has occurred in the wiring C11 (S6). Further, even when the detection unit 712 determines that no wiring abnormality has occurred in the wiring C11 based on the current information (S9: No), the detection unit 712 determines that the wiring abnormality has occurred in the wiring C11 based on the voltage information. Then (S10: Yes), it is detected that a wiring abnormality has occurred in the wiring C11 (S6). The order of processes S9 and S10 may be reversed. The processes S3 to S6, S9, and S10 correspond to the detection step ST2 described later.

Then, when the detection unit 712 detects a wiring abnormality in the wiring C11 of any of the circuits C1 (S6), the output unit 713 outputs a control signal to the circuit C1 in which the wiring abnormality is detected (S6). S7). Here, the output unit 713 outputs a control signal including a command to open the contacts to the switch 2 included in the circuit C1. If the circuit C1 in which the wiring abnormality is detected cannot be identified, the output unit 713 may output a control signal including a command to open the contact to the main circuit breaker 3.

Further, the output unit 713 presents the detection result of the detection unit 712 (S8). Here, the output unit 713 displays a character string and / or an image representing the detection result on the display device provided in the monitoring unit 7 or the display device connected to the monitoring unit 7. Further, the output unit 713 transmits a signal including the detection result to the information terminal 400 owned by the user via the second communication unit 73.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the wiring abnormality of the wiring C11 in the circuit C1 is detected based on at least one of the voltage information and the current information. That is, in the present embodiment, when it is difficult to detect the wiring abnormality of the wiring C11 only by the voltage information, it is possible to detect the wiring abnormality of the wiring C11 based on the current information. The detection of a wiring abnormality of the wiring C11 based on the current information is useful as an example when it is desired to identify the circuit C1 including the wiring C11 in which the wiring abnormality has occurred.

On the contrary, when it is difficult to detect the wiring abnormality of the wiring C11 only by the current information, it is possible to detect the wiring abnormality of the wiring C11 based on the voltage information. As an example of detecting a wiring abnormality of the wiring C11 based on voltage information, it is difficult to determine the occurrence of a wiring abnormality of the wiring C11 based on the current information because the current flowing through the circuit C1 when an arc is generated is relatively small. It is useful in such cases.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, since both the voltage information and the current information can be referred to, there is an advantage that it becomes easier to detect a wiring abnormality of the wiring C11 as compared with the case where only one of the information is referred to. There is.

(4) Modified Example The above-described embodiment is only one of the various embodiments of the present disclosure. The above-described embodiment can be changed in various ways depending on the design and the like as long as the object of the present disclosure can be achieved. Further, the same function as the abnormality detection system 100 may be realized by an abnormality detection method, a (computer) program, a non-temporary recording medium on which the program is recorded, or the like.

The abnormality detection method according to one aspect includes acquisition step ST1 and detection step ST2. The acquisition step ST1 is a step of acquiring voltage information regarding the voltage applied to the circuit C1 connected to the distribution board 1 and current information regarding the current flowing through the circuit C1. The detection step ST2 is a step of detecting a wiring abnormality of the wiring C11 in the circuit C1 based on at least one of the voltage information and the current information acquired in the acquisition step ST1. Further, the program according to one aspect causes one or more processors to execute the above-mentioned abnormality detection method.

Hereinafter, modifications of the above-described embodiment will be listed. The modifications described below can be applied in combination as appropriate.

The abnormality detection system 100 in the present disclosure includes a computer system in, for example, a detection unit 712. The main configuration of a computer system is a processor and memory as hardware. When the processor executes the program recorded in the memory of the computer system, the function as the abnormality detection system 100 in the present disclosure is realized. The program may be pre-recorded in the memory of the computer system, may be provided through a telecommunications line, and may be recorded on a non-temporary recording medium such as a memory card, optical disk, or hard disk drive that can be read by the computer system. May be provided. A processor in a computer system is composed of one or more electronic circuits including a semiconductor integrated circuit (IC) or a large scale integrated circuit (LSI). The integrated circuit such as IC or LSI referred to here has a different name depending on the degree of integration, and includes an integrated circuit called a system LSI, VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration), or ULSI (Ultra Large Scale Integration). Further, an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) programmed after the LSI is manufactured, or a logical device capable of reconfiguring the junction relationship inside the LSI or reconfiguring the circuit partition inside the LSI should also be adopted as a processor. Can be done. A plurality of electronic circuits may be integrated on one chip, or may be distributed on a plurality of chips. The plurality of chips may be integrated in one device, or may be distributed in a plurality of devices. The computer system referred to here includes a microprocessor having one or more processors and one or more memories. Therefore, the microprocessor is also composed of one or a plurality of electronic circuits including a semiconductor integrated circuit or a large-scale integrated circuit.

Further, it is not an essential configuration for the abnormality detection system 100 that a plurality of functions in the abnormality detection system 100 are integrated in one housing (monitoring unit 7), and a plurality of components of the abnormality detection system 100 are present. It may be distributed in the housing. Further, at least a part of the functions of the abnormality detection system 100 such as the detection unit 712 may be realized by, for example, the cloud (cloud computing). On the contrary, as in the above-described embodiment, all the functions of the abnormality detection system 100 may be integrated in one housing (monitoring unit 7).

In the above-described embodiment, the monitoring unit 7 does not have to include the second communication unit 73. That is, the abnormality detection system 100 does not have to have a communication function for communicating with the management server 300 and the information terminal 400 via a wide area network 200 such as the Internet. In this aspect, the detection result of the detection unit 712 is presented to the user only by the distribution board 1.

In the above-described embodiment, when the voltage applied to both ends of the resistor included in the CR circuit exceeds the threshold value (that is, the number of times high-frequency noise is generated per fixed time) exceeds the set value. In addition, it may be determined that an arc has been generated in the wiring C11.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, two CR circuits may be connected in parallel to one electric circuit. In this aspect, one CR circuit comprises a capacitor having a frequency characteristic different from the frequency characteristic of the impedance of the capacitor provided in the other CR circuit. Then, the detection unit 712 may determine that an arc has been generated in the wiring C11 when the voltage applied to both ends of the resistor in both of the two CR circuits exceeds the threshold value. In this embodiment, the frequency characteristics of the impedance of the capacitors included in each of the two CR circuits may be the same.

In the above-described embodiment, even if the timing for determining the occurrence of the wiring abnormality based on the voltage information and the timing for determining the occurrence of the wiring abnormality based on the current information are different from each other, even if it is detected that the wiring abnormality has occurred. Good. That is, the detection unit 712 detects that a wiring abnormality has occurred when it determines the occurrence of a wiring abnormality based on the voltage information and determines the occurrence of the wiring abnormality based on the current information, regardless of the determination timing. You may.

In the above-described embodiment, the detection unit 712 may be in a mode of detecting a wiring abnormality of the wiring C11 by using, for example, a machine-learned classifier. As an example, in the first mode, the classifier outputs the presence or absence of a wiring abnormality of the wiring C11 by using the current information and the voltage information for each circuit C1 as input data. The classifier may be capable of performing re-learning while the abnormality detection system 100 is in use.

The classifier may include, for example, a linear classifier such as SVM (Support Vector Machine), a classifier using a neural network, or a classifier generated by deep learning using a multi-layer neural network. When the classifier is a classifier using a trained neural network, the trained neural network includes, for example, CNN (Convolutional Neural Network), BNN (Bayesian Neural Network), and the like. obtain. In this case, the detection unit 712 is realized by mounting a trained neural network on an integrated circuit such as an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) or an FPGA (Field-ProgrammableGate Array).

In the above-described embodiment, the detection unit 712 can switch between the operation in the first mode and the operation in the second mode, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the detection unit 712 may be configured to operate only in the first mode. Further, for example, the detection unit 712 may be configured to operate only in the second mode.

(Summary)
As described above, the abnormality detection system (100) according to the first aspect includes an acquisition unit (711) and a detection unit (712). The acquisition unit (711) acquires voltage information regarding the voltage applied to the circuit (C1) connected to the distribution board (1) and current information regarding the current flowing through the circuit (C1). The detection unit (712) detects a wiring abnormality of the wiring (C11) in the circuit (C1) based on at least one of the voltage information and the current information acquired by the acquisition unit (711).

According to this aspect, there is an advantage that it is easy to detect a wiring abnormality of the wiring (C11).

In the abnormality detection system (100) according to the second aspect, in the first aspect, the detection unit (712) detects a wiring abnormality based on both voltage information and current information.

According to this aspect, there is an advantage that the detection accuracy of the wiring abnormality can be easily improved as compared with the case where the wiring abnormality is detected based on only one of the voltage information and the current information.

In the abnormality detection system (100) according to the third aspect, in the second aspect, the detection unit (712) determines the occurrence of the wiring abnormality based on the voltage information and the wiring abnormality based on the current information. When the timing for determining the occurrence matches, a wiring abnormality is detected.

According to this aspect, there is an advantage that the detection accuracy of wiring abnormality can be further improved.

In the abnormality detection system (100) according to the fourth aspect, in the second or third aspect, the detection unit (712) determines the type of wiring abnormality based on the current information.

According to this aspect, there is an advantage that the user of the distribution board (1) can easily grasp what kind of wiring abnormality has occurred.

In the abnormality detection system (100) according to the fifth aspect, in any of the second to fourth aspects, the current information includes the current measurement result for each circuit (C1). The detection unit (712) identifies the circuit (C1) in which the wiring abnormality is detected based on the current information.

According to this aspect, there is an advantage that the user of the distribution board (1) can easily grasp which circuit (C1) the wiring abnormality has occurred in.

The abnormality detection system (100) according to the sixth aspect further includes an output unit (713) in any one of the first to fifth aspects. The output unit (713) presents which of the measurement results of the voltage information and the current information is used to detect the wiring abnormality.

According to this aspect, there is an advantage that the user of the distribution board (1) can easily grasp how the wiring abnormality is detected when the wiring abnormality occurs.

The distribution board (1) according to the seventh aspect is a distribution board cabinet (10) accommodating the abnormality detection system (100) of any one of the first to sixth aspects and the abnormality detection system (100). And.

According to this aspect, there is an advantage that it is easy to detect a wiring abnormality of the wiring (C11).

The abnormality detection method according to the eighth aspect includes an acquisition step (ST1) and a detection step (ST2). The acquisition step (ST1) is a step of acquiring voltage information regarding the voltage applied to the circuit (C1) connected to the distribution board (1) and current information regarding the current flowing through the circuit (C1). The detection step (ST2) is a step of detecting a wiring abnormality of the wiring (C11) in the circuit (C1) based on at least one of the voltage information and the current information acquired in the acquisition step (ST1).

According to this aspect, there is an advantage that it is easy to detect a wiring abnormality of the wiring (C11).

The program according to the ninth aspect causes one or more processors to execute the abnormality detection method of the eighth aspect.

According to this aspect, there is an advantage that it is easy to detect a wiring abnormality of the wiring (C11).

The configuration according to the second to sixth aspects is not an essential configuration for the abnormality detection system (100) and can be omitted as appropriate.

100 Abnormality detection system 1 Distribution board 10 Distribution board cabinet 711 Acquisition unit 712 Detection unit 713 Output unit C1 circuit C11 Wiring ST1 Acquisition step ST2 Detection step

Claims (9)

An acquisition unit that acquires voltage information related to the voltage applied to the circuit connected to the distribution board and current information related to the current flowing through the circuit.
A detection unit for detecting a wiring abnormality of wiring in the circuit based on at least one of the voltage information and the current information acquired by the acquisition unit is provided.
Anomaly detection system. The detection unit detects the wiring abnormality based on both the voltage information and the current information.
The abnormality detection system according to claim 1. When the timing of determining the occurrence of the wiring abnormality based on the voltage information and the timing of determining the occurrence of the wiring abnormality based on the current information match, the detection unit detects the wiring abnormality.
The abnormality detection system according to claim 2. The detection unit determines the type of the wiring abnormality based on the current information.
The abnormality detection system according to claim 2 or 3. The current information includes the measurement result of the current for each circuit.
The detection unit identifies the circuit in which the wiring abnormality is detected based on the current information.
The abnormality detection system according to any one of claims 2 to 4. It further includes an output unit that indicates which of the measurement results of the voltage information and the current information is used to detect the wiring abnormality.
The abnormality detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 5. The abnormality detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 6 and the anomaly detection system.
A cabinet for a distribution board that houses the abnormality detection system is provided.
Distribution board. An acquisition step for acquiring voltage information regarding a voltage applied to a circuit connected to a distribution board and current information regarding a current flowing through the circuit, and
It has a detection step for detecting a wiring abnormality of wiring in the circuit based on at least one of the voltage information and the current information acquired in the acquisition step.
Anomaly detection method. For one or more processors
The abnormality detection method according to claim 8 is executed.
program.

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