JP2021079593A - Apparatus for manufacturing three-dimensional molded article, method for manufacturing three-dimensional molded article, and program for manufacturing three-dimensional molded article - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an apparatus for manufacturing a three-dimensional molded article, which gives a three-dimensional molded article excellent in surface properties and texture on a surface perpendicular to a main scanning direction in a molding method by a material jetting system.SOLUTION: The apparatus for manufacturing a three-dimensional molded article includes: discharge means having a plurality of nozzle rows where a plurality of nozzles is arranged and discharging a molding material; curing means for curing the molding material; and control means for performing at least either (1) a control to discharge the molding material in the (N+1)-th discharge and scanning by a nozzle in a nozzle row different from a nozzle used to discharge the molding material in the N-th discharge and scanning, or (2) a control to discharge the molding material in such a manner that, within one molding period from when the discharge means repeats a linefeed operation from a discharge position at the start of molding to perform molding in the entire molding range until the discharge means returns to the discharge position at the original start of molding, no region is present where molding is preformed by only a nozzle region having a discharge speed Vj that is equal to or less than a specified value of the discharge speed Vj of all nozzles in the same nozzle row.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3A

Description

The present invention relates to a three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus, a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional model, and a program for manufacturing a three-dimensional model.

As a manufacturing device for a three-dimensional model that forms a three-dimensional model (three-dimensional model), the modeling material that forms the three-dimensional model is discharged into the modeling area and then cured to form a layered model. A material injection modeling method (material jet method) is known in which a three-dimensional model is formed by sequentially laminating the three-dimensional objects. In the material injection modeling method, two types of modeling materials, a model material and a support material for supporting the model material during modeling, are usually used.

Liquid molding materials that cure by applying energy such as active energy rays or heat often have a relatively higher viscosity than water-based inks used for printing, and it is difficult to eject them with an inkjet head. It is generally known.
In order to solve the problem that grooves in the main scanning direction are formed in the modeled object because the nozzle missing portions are lined up continuously in the main scanning direction when inkjet ejection failure or nozzle omission occurs, for example, the main A method of ejecting during scanning in the scanning direction from a plurality of nozzles is disclosed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

The present invention is excellent in surface properties and texture of a surface perpendicular to the main scanning direction in a method of applying a modeling material in layers and laminating the modeling materials to form a three-dimensional model, preferably a material jetting method. It is an object of the present invention to provide a three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus capable of obtaining a three-dimensional model. Here, the texture means the visual and tactile feeling of the material, the texture of the surface, and the like.

The three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus of the present invention as a means for achieving the above object has a plurality of nozzle rows in which a plurality of nozzles are arranged, and is discharged by a discharge means for discharging a molding material and a discharge means. The modeling material is ejected in the N + 1th ejection scanning by a curing means for curing the modeling material and (1) a nozzle in a nozzle row different from the nozzle that ejected the modeling material in the Nth ejection scanning. Control and (2) The same in one modeling cycle until the discharge means repeats line breaks from the discharge position at the start of modeling, performs modeling in the entire modeling range, and returns to the discharge position at the start of modeling. A control means for performing at least one of control of ejecting the modeling material so that there is no region to be modeled only in the nozzle region having a discharge speed Vj equal to or less than the specified value of the ejection speed Vj of all the nozzles in the nozzle row. Has.

According to the present invention, in a method of applying a modeling material in layers and laminating the modeling material to form a three-dimensional model, preferably a material jetting method, the surface and texture of a surface perpendicular to the main scanning direction are obtained. It is possible to provide a three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus capable of obtaining an excellent three-dimensional model.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of a control means of a three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus. FIG. 3A is a graph showing the discharge velocity distribution (column A) of the nozzles of the discharge means. FIG. 3B is a graph showing the discharge velocity distribution (column B) of the nozzles of the discharge means. FIG. 4 is a photograph showing a state in which a surface perpendicular to the main scanning direction of a conventional three-dimensional model is roughened. FIG. 5A is a graph showing the discharge velocity distribution of the nozzles of the discharge means having a small variation in the nozzle row. FIG. 5B is a graph showing the discharge velocity distribution of the nozzles of the discharge means having a large variation in the nozzle row. FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the nozzle positions of the discharge means at the Nth discharge scan and the N + 1th discharge scan. FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a scanning position of a discharge means in the method for manufacturing a three-dimensional model of the present invention. FIG. 8A is a schematic view showing the formation of a model layer on the outward path in the three-dimensional modeling method of Comparative Example 1. FIG. 8B is a schematic view showing model layer formation on the return path in the three-dimensional modeling method of Comparative Example 1. FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the scanning position of the discharge means in Comparative Example 1. FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing an example of a processing procedure of a program for manufacturing a three-dimensional model in the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus of Comparative Example 1. FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing a scanning position of the discharge means in the first embodiment. FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing an example of a processing procedure of a program for manufacturing a three-dimensional model in the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus of the first embodiment. FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing a scanning position of the discharge means in the second embodiment. FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing an example of a processing procedure of a program for manufacturing a three-dimensional model in the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus of the second embodiment. FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing a scanning position of the discharge means in the third embodiment. FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing an example of a processing procedure of a program for manufacturing a three-dimensional model in the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus of the third embodiment.

In the present invention, the discharge means reciprocates horizontally with respect to the modeled object (modeling table) in a predetermined direction (hereinafter, referred to as "main scanning direction" or "X direction") (hereinafter, discharge means and modeling). The movement relative to the table is called "scanning"), and the modeling material is discharged on the outward and / or return routes. In order to improve productivity, the discharge means may have a plurality of discharge holes, and typically, the plurality of discharge holes are orthogonal to the main scanning direction (hereinafter, "secondary scanning direction" or "Y direction"). ”) Are lined up at regular intervals to form a row. In the present invention, "modeling" means discharging a modeling material by a discharging means and curing it by a curing means at the time of reciprocating scanning in the main scanning direction. The range that can be formed by scanning in the main scanning direction once is called a "row", and scanning the ejection means in the sub-scanning direction and moving the ejection means to a different row is called a "line feed".
The discharge means repeats line breaks from the discharge position at the start of modeling, and when modeling is performed in the entire modeling range, the discharge position returns to the original discharge position at the start of modeling. This series of operations is called "one modeling cycle". By repeating this one modeling cycle, the modeling layers are laminated and a three-dimensional modeled object is modeled.
The region of the nozzles having a discharge speed Vj equal to or less than the specified value of the discharge speed Vj of all the nozzles in the same nozzle row is referred to as a “low speed region”.
The specified value of the ejection speed Vj of the nozzle may be a preset value, or may be set for each production of the three-dimensional model. For the specified value, for example, a droplet observation device (device name: extended coating device EV2500, manufactured by Ricoh Co., Ltd.) is used to measure the ejection velocity Vj of droplets during ejection of all nozzles in the same nozzle row. It may be an average value, a median value, a mode value, or the like, or it may be a value just in the middle of the minimum value and the maximum value of the obtained discharge rate Vj.

(Three-dimensional model manufacturing equipment and three-dimensional model manufacturing method)
The three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus of the present invention has a plurality of nozzle rows in which a plurality of nozzles are arranged, and discharge means for discharging the modeling material and curing means for curing the modeling material discharged by the discharge means. And (1) control to eject the modeling material in the N + 1th ejection scanning by a nozzle of a nozzle row different from the nozzle that ejected the modeling material in the Nth ejection scanning, and (2) the ejection means. Repeats line breaks from the discharge position at the start of modeling, performs modeling in the entire modeling range, and within one modeling cycle until returning to the discharge position at the start of modeling, the discharge speed Vj of all nozzles in the same nozzle row It has a control means for performing at least one of the control of discharging the modeling material so that there is no region to be modeled only in the nozzle region having a discharge rate Vj equal to or less than the specified value of the above, and if necessary, other Has the means of.

The method for manufacturing a three-dimensional model of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional model in which a modeling material is discharged and cured by using a discharge means having a plurality of nozzle rows in which a plurality of nozzles are arranged. , (1) The first ejection step of ejecting the modeling material in the N + 1th ejection scanning by a nozzle of a nozzle row different from the nozzle ejecting the modeling material in the Nth ejection scanning, and (2). The discharge means repeats line breaks from the discharge position at the start of modeling, performs modeling in the entire modeling range, and discharges all nozzles in the same nozzle row within one modeling cycle until it returns to the discharge position at the start of modeling. Including at least one of the second discharge steps of discharging the modeling material so that there is no region to be modeled only in the nozzle region having a discharge rate Vj equal to or less than the specified value of the velocity Vj, and further, if necessary, other Includes steps.

The method for producing a three-dimensional model of the present invention can be suitably carried out by the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus of the present invention. The first discharge step and the second discharge step can be performed by controlling the discharge means, the curing means, and optionally other means by the control means.

Liquid molding materials that are cured by applying energy such as active energy rays or heat often have a relatively higher viscosity than water-based inks used for printing, and it is difficult to eject them with an inkjet head. In order to realize such ejection by the inkjet head, a means of lowering the viscosity by heating the ink is used, but it is difficult to manage an appropriate temperature distribution according to the individual inkjet head, and the nozzle of the inkjet head is actually used. The discharge speed Vj may vary between rows and even between nozzles in the nozzle row.
In the prior art, variations in ejection velocity Vj between a plurality of nozzle rows or among nozzles in a nozzle row in which a plurality of nozzles are arranged lead to a phenomenon in which the ink deviates from the target landing position, and when the ink is cured in due course. There is a problem of causing abnormal adhesion of hardened material to the surface of the modeled object and its surroundings.

In the present invention, (1) control of ejecting the modeling material in the N + 1th ejection scanning by a nozzle of a nozzle row different from the nozzle ejecting the modeling material in the Nth ejection scanning, and (2). The discharge means repeats line breaks from the discharge position at the start of modeling, performs modeling in the entire modeling range, and discharges all nozzles in the same nozzle row within one modeling cycle until it returns to the discharge position at the start of modeling. At least one of the controls for discharging the molding material so that there is no region to be molded only in the nozzle region (hereinafter, also referred to as “low speed region”) in which the discharge speed Vj is equal to or lower than the specified value of the speed Vj. By performing this, it is possible to disperse the ejection habits of the nozzles between a plurality of nozzle rows or in a nozzle row in which a plurality of nozzles are arranged, and a three-dimensional structure having excellent surface and texture on a surface perpendicular to the main scanning direction. A model is obtained.
In the ejection means having a plurality of nozzle rows in which a plurality of nozzles are arranged, the number of nozzles in one nozzle row is preferably 10 or more, more preferably 100 or more, still more preferably 200 or more.
The number of arrangements of the plurality of nozzle rows is preferably 2 rows or more, and more preferably 2 rows or more and 10 rows or less.

By carrying out the control of (1) above, the growth of the abnormally cured product caused by the displacement of the landing position of the discharged droplets caused by the variation of the discharge speed Vj between the nozzle rows of the plurality of nozzle rows is suppressed, and the excellent surface property is obtained. And texture can be realized.
By carrying out the control of (2), the scanning range of the ejection means is covered in the sub-scanning direction within one modeling cycle, and the modeling material is ejected without covering the low-speed region, and the low-speed region is formed. Since there is no region to be modeled only by itself, it is possible to prevent variations in the discharge velocity Vj in a nozzle row having a plurality of nozzles, and to minimize the repeated occurrence of landing position deviation only in a specific modeling range. Excellent surface properties and texture can be achieved.
The control for discharging the modeling material without covering the low speed region includes a case where the modeling material is not discharged in the low speed region.

In the present invention, the "modeling material" means a material discharged from a discharge means in the production of a modeled object, and typically models a model material, an overhang portion, a detail portion, etc. for forming the three-dimensional modeled object itself. Examples include support materials used for this purpose. In the present invention, the modeling layer formed of the model material may be particularly referred to as a “model layer”, and the modeling layer formed of the support material may be particularly referred to as a “support layer”.

In one aspect of the present invention, (1) control of ejecting the modeling material in the N + 1th ejection scanning by a nozzle of a nozzle row different from the nozzle ejecting the modeling material in the Nth ejection scanning, and (2) The discharge means repeats line breaks from the discharge position at the start of modeling, performs modeling in the entire modeling range, and within one modeling cycle until returning to the discharge position at the start of modeling, all in the same nozzle row. It has a control means for controlling the ejection of the modeling material so that there is no region to be modeled only in the nozzle region where the ejection speed Vj is equal to or less than the specified value of the nozzle ejection speed Vj. By performing the control of (1) and the control of (2) in combination, it is possible to reduce the number of repetitions of the landing deviation of the ejected droplets and suppress the growth of the abnormally cured product, which is a more excellent surface. Sex and texture can be realized.

In one aspect of the present invention, the modeling material is not discharged in the low speed region. As a result, it is possible to prevent variations in the discharge speed Vj within the nozzle row having a plurality of nozzles. However, depending on the number of nozzles of the ejection means, by providing a region where the modeling material is not ejected, the number of line breaks in the sub-scanning direction of the ejection means may increase when the nozzles are allocated to the entire modeling range, and the productivity may decrease. There is.

In one aspect of the present invention, the discharge means reciprocates in the main scanning direction, and the control means discharges the modeling material at the time of the forward movement and the time of the return movement of the discharge means. By discharging the modeling material when the control means moves forward and backward of the discharging means, it becomes possible to discharge the modeling material in a more precisely controlled manner.

In one aspect of the present invention, the discharge means discharges the modeling material more when it is driven back than when it is moved forward. The end portion of the modeled object can be formed sharply by discharging a larger amount of discharge during the return movement than the discharge amount during the forward movement.

In one aspect of the present invention, there is a flattening means for flattening the surface of the modeling material discharged by the discharging means. By flattening the modeling material by the flattening means, the accuracy and flatness of the average thickness of the modeling layer can be ensured.

<Discharge process and discharge means>
The discharge step is a step of discharging the modeling material, and is carried out by the discharge means.
The discharge means is not particularly limited as long as it can discharge the modeling material, and can be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include a discharge head.
The discharge head is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include a piezoelectric element (piezo element) type head and a thermal expansion (thermal) type head. Among these, a piezoelectric element (piezo element) type head is preferable.

<< Modeling material >>
The modeling material is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected based on the performance required for constructing the main body for modeling the three-dimensional model (model part). For example, the first modeling material (model material). ) And so on. When a support portion is used for shape support when modeling a three-dimensional modeled object, a second modeling material (support material) for modeling the support portion is also included in the modeling material. Is done.
The model material is a material for modeling a part constituting the model part.
In the present invention, the model portion means a portion constituting a main body for modeling a three-dimensional model, and is modeled by laminating model layers.

In the present invention, the support portion means a portion that holds a three-dimensional model in a predetermined position until the model portion solidifies, and is modeled by laminating support layers. The support portion means, for example, a portion that is arranged in a portion that supports the model portion in the direction of gravity, is in contact with the model portion, and supports the model portion from below. In the production of a three-dimensional model, the support portion is usually finally peeled off from the model portion, and only the model portion becomes a three-dimensional model.
In a preferred embodiment, the support material is a material (composition, concentration, etc.) different from that of the model material, and the cured product of the support material is more preferably easily peeled off from the model portion due to water solubility, deliquescent property, disintegration property, etc. It has properties.

The molding material is not particularly limited as long as it is a liquid material that is cured by applying energy such as light or heat, and can be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose, but includes a polymerizable monomer and a polymerizable oligomer. , And other ingredients as needed. Among these, a material having liquid physical properties such as viscosity and surface tension that can be discharged by a modeling material discharge head used for a modeling material jet printer or the like is preferable.

-Polymerizable monomer-
Examples of the polymerizable monomer include a monofunctional monomer and a polyfunctional monomer. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

--Monofunctional monomer ---
Examples of the monofunctional monomer include acrylamide, N-substituted acrylamide derivative, N, N-di-substituted acrylamide derivative, N-substituted methacrylamide derivative, N, N-di-substituted methacrylamide derivative, acrylic acid and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, acrylamide, N, N-dimethylacrylamide, N-isopropylacrylamide, acryloylmorpholine, hydroxyethylacrylamide, and isobornyl (meth) acrylate are preferable.

The content of the monofunctional monomer is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose, but is preferably 0.5% by mass or more and 90% by mass or less with respect to the total amount of the modeling material.

The monofunctional monomer other than the above is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. For example, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth). ) Acrylate, caprolactone-modified tetrahydrofurfuryl (meth) acrylate, 3-methoxybutyl (meth) acrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl (meth) acrylate, lauryl (meth) acrylate, 2-phenoxyethyl (meth) acrylate, isodecyl (meth) acrylate , Isooctyl (meth) acrylate, tridecyl (meth) acrylate, caprolactone (meth) acrylate, ethoxylated nonylphenol (meth) acrylate and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

--Polyfunctional monomer ---
The polyfunctional monomer is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include bifunctional monomers and trifunctional or higher functional monomers. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

Examples of the bifunctional monomer include tripropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, triethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, tetraethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, polypropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, and neopentyl glycol hydroxypivalic acid ester di. (Meta) acrylate, neopentyl glycol ester di (meth) acrylate of hydroxypivalate, 1,3-butanediol di (meth) acrylate, 1,4-butanediol di (meth) acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol di ( Meta) acrylate, 1,9-nonanediol di (meth) acrylate, diethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, neopentyl glycol di (meth) acrylate, tripropylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, caprolactone-modified hydroxypivalate neopentyl glycol ester Examples thereof include di (meth) acrylate, propoxylated opentyl glycol di (meth) acrylate, ethoxy-modified bisphenol A di (meth) acrylate, polyethylene glycol 200 di (meth) acrylate, and polyethylene glycol 400 di (meth) acrylate. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

Examples of the trifunctional or higher monomer include trimethylolpropantri (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa (meth) acrylate, triallyl isocyanurate, and ε-caprolactone-modified dipentaerythritol tri (meth). Meta) acrylate, ε-caprolactone-modified dipentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, ε-caprolactone-modified dipentaerythritol penta (meth) acrylate, ε-caprolactone-modified dipentaerythritol hexa (meth) acrylate, tris (2-hydroxyethyl) Isocyanurate tri (meth) acrylate, ethoxylated trimethylol propantri (meth) acrylate, propoxylated trimethylol propanthroli (meth) acrylate, propoxylated glyceryl tri (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, ditrimethylol propane. Examples thereof include tetra (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol hydroxypenta (meth) acrylate, ethoxylated pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, and penta (meth) acrylate ester. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

-Polymerizable oligomer-
As the polymerizable oligomer, a low polymer of the monofunctional monomer or one having a reactive unsaturated bond group at the terminal may be used alone, or two or more thereof may be used in combination.

-Other ingredients-
The other components are not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. For example, a surfactant, a polymerization inhibitor, a polymerization initiator, a colorant, a viscosity modifier, an adhesive imparting agent, and an antioxidant. Examples include agents, antioxidants, cross-linking accelerators, UV absorbers, plasticizers, preservatives, dispersants and the like.

--Surfactant ---
Examples of the surfactant include a molecular weight of 200 or more and 5,000 or less, specifically, a PEG-type nonionic surfactant [an addition of 1 to 40 mol of ethylene oxide of nonylphenol (hereinafter abbreviated as “EO”). Stearate EO 1-40 mol additions, etc.], polyhydric alcohol-type nonionic surfactants (eg, sorbitan palmitate monoester, sorbitan stearate monoester, sorbitan stearate triester, etc.), fluorine-containing surfactant (eg For example, perfluoroalkyl EO 1 to 50 mol additions, perfluoroalkyl carboxylates, perfluoroalkyl betaines, etc.), modified silicone oils [eg, polyether-modified silicone oils, (meth) acrylate-modified silicone oils, etc.], etc. Can be mentioned. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
The content of the surfactant is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose, but is preferably 3% by mass or less, preferably 0.1% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the modeling material. Is more preferable.

--Polymerization inhibitor ---
Examples of the polymerization inhibitor include phenol compounds [hydroquinone, hydroquinone monomethyl ether, 2,6-di-t-butyl-p-cresol, 2,2-methylene-bis- (4-methyl-6-t-butylphenol)). , 1,1,3-Tris- (2-methyl-4-hydroxy-5-t-butylphenyl) butane, etc.], sulfur compounds [dilaurylthiodipropionate, etc.], phosphorus compounds [triphenylphosphite, etc.] , Amine compounds [phenothiazine, etc.] and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
The content of the polymerization inhibitor is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose, but is preferably 5% by mass or less, preferably 0.1% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the modeling material. Is more preferable.

--Polymerization initiator ---
Examples of the polymerization initiator include a thermal polymerization initiator and a photopolymerization initiator. Among these, a photopolymerization initiator is preferable from the viewpoint of storage stability.
As the photopolymerization initiator, any substance that generates radicals by irradiation with light (particularly ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 220 nm to 400 nm) can be used.
Examples of the photopolymerization initiator include acetophenone, 2,2-diethoxyacetophenone, p-dimethylaminoacetophenone, benzophenone, 2-chlorobenzophenone, p, p'-dichlorobenzophenone, p, p-bisdiethylaminobenzophenone, and Michler ketone. Benzyl, benzoin, benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether, benzoin isopropyl ether, benzoin-n-propyl ether, benzoin isobutyl ether, benzoin-n-butyl ether, benzyl methyl ketal, thioxanthone, 2-chlorothioxanthone, 2-hydroxy-2- Methyl-1-phenyl-1-one, 1- (4-isopropylphenyl) 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-1-one, methylbenzoylformate, 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenylketone, azobisisobutyronitrile, Examples thereof include benzoyl peroxide and di-tert-butyl peroxide. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The thermal polymerization initiator is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. For example, an azo-based initiator, a peroxide initiator, a persulfate initiator, a redox (oxidation-reduction) initiator, etc. Can be mentioned.

Examples of the azo-based initiator include VA-044, VA-46B, V-50, VA-057, VA-061, VA-067, VA-086, 2,2'-azobis (4-methoxy-2, 4-Dimethylvaleronitrile) (VAZO 33), 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (VAZO 50), 2,2'-azobis (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) (VAZO 52) , 2,2'-azobis (isobutyronitrile) (VAZO 64), 2,2'-azobis-2-methylbutyronitrile (VAZO 67), 1,1-azobis (1-cyclohexanecarbonitrile) (VAZO) 88) (above, manufactured by DuPont Chemical), 2,2'-azobis (2-cyclopropylpropionitrile), 2,2'-azobis (methylisobutyrate) (V-601) (above, Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) (Made by Co., Ltd.), etc.

Examples of the peroxide initiator include benzoyl peroxide, acetyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide, decanoyl peroxide, disetylperoxydicarbonate, and di (4-t-butylcyclohexyl) peroxydicarbonate (trade name:). Perkadox 16S, manufactured by Akzo Nobel), di (2-ethylhexyl) peroxydicarbonate, t-butylperoxypivalate (trade name: Lupersol 11, manufactured by Elf Atochem), t-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexa Examples thereof include Noate (trade name: Trigonox 21-C50, manufactured by Akzo Nobel), dicumyl peroxide and the like.

Examples of the persulfate initiator include potassium persulfate, sodium persulfate, ammonium persulfate and the like.

Redox (oxidation-reduction) initiators include, for example, a combination of a persulfate initiator and a reducing agent such as sodium metabisulfite and sodium bisulfite, or a system based on an organic peroxide and a tertiary amine (eg,). , A system based on benzoyl peroxide and dimethylaniline), a system based on an organic hydroperoxide and a transition metal (for example, a system based on cumenehydroperoxide and cobalt naphthate), and the like.

The content of the polymerization initiator is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose, but is preferably 10% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the modeling material.

--Colorant ---
As the colorant, dyes and pigments that are soluble or stably dispersed in the molding material and have excellent thermal stability are suitable. Among these, a soluble dye is preferable. Further, it is possible to mix two or more kinds of colorants in a timely manner by adjusting the color or the like.

<Curing process and curing means>
The curing step is a step of irradiating the active energy rays for curing the modeling material discharged in the discharging step, and is carried out by the curing means.
Examples of the active energy ray include ultraviolet rays, electron beams, α rays, β rays, γ rays, and X-rays. Among these, ultraviolet rays are preferable.
The curing means is not particularly limited as long as the discharged modeling material can be cured, and can be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include an ultraviolet irradiation device.

Examples of the ultraviolet irradiation device include a light emitting diode (LED), a high-pressure mercury lamp, an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp, and a metal halide lamp. Among these, the LED is particularly preferable in that the irradiation intensity can be changed.
The high-pressure mercury lamp is a point light source, but the DeepUV type, which has high light utilization efficiency in combination with an optical system, can irradiate in a short wavelength region.
Metal halide is effective for colored substances because it has a wide wavelength range, and halides of metals such as Pb, Sn, and Fe are used and can be selected according to the absorption spectrum of the polymerization initiator. The lamp used for curing is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. For example, commercially available lamps such as H lamp, D lamp, V lamp manufactured by Fusion Systems, etc. are also available. Can be used.

<First discharge process, second discharge process, and control means>
In the present invention, "control means" means means for controlling the operation of discharge means, curing means, and other means (for example, flattening means). A functional block diagram of the control means is shown in FIG. 2, and details of the control means will be described later based on an example of a specific embodiment. The control means may include storage means such as ROM and RAM and calculation means such as CPU and FPGA. The storage means may store a program for causing each means such as the discharge means and the curing means to perform a specific operation, and control the operation of each means based on the program.
In the present invention, when each means such as a discharge means and a hardening means is operated by a control means, when each means moves in a predetermined direction, the movement is relative to a modeling table (or a three-dimensional model). It means movement. Therefore, for example, in the case of "the ejection means moves in the main scanning direction", the ejection means itself may move in the main scanning direction, or the modeling table (or the three-dimensional model) moves in the main scanning direction. The ejection means may be controlled to move relatively in the main scanning direction.
The first ejection step is (1) a step of ejecting the modeling material in the N + 1th ejection scanning by a nozzle of a nozzle row different from the nozzle that ejected the modeling material in the Nth ejection scanning. In the discharge process of 2, (2) the discharge means repeats a line break from the discharge position at the start of modeling, performs modeling in the entire modeling range, and within one modeling cycle until the discharge position returns to the discharge position at the start of modeling. This is a step of discharging the molding material so that there is no region to be shaped only in the nozzle region where the discharge speed Vj is equal to or less than the specified value of the discharge speed Vj of all the nozzles in the same nozzle row. It is carried out by controlling the operation of each means.
By performing at least one of the first ejection process and the second ejection process by the action of the control means, the ejection habits of the nozzles between the plurality of nozzle rows and in the nozzle row in which the plurality of nozzles are arranged are dispersed. It is possible to obtain a three-dimensional model having excellent surface properties and texture of a surface perpendicular to the main scanning direction.

The storage means that can be included in the control means is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. For example, in addition to a main storage device such as a RAM (Random Access Memory) and a ROM (Read Only Memory), Auxiliary storage devices such as HDD (Hard Disk Drive) and SDD (Solid State Drive) can also be mentioned.
The calculation means that can be included in the control means is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array).

<Other processes and other means>
The other steps are not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. Examples thereof include a flattening step and a drying step.
The other means are not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose, and examples thereof include a flattening means, a drying means, and a stage.

-Flatration process and flattening means-
The flattening step is a step of flattening the modeling layer formed by the discharge step, and is carried out by the flattening means.
Examples of the flattening means include rollers, brushes, blades and the like.
When the flattening means flattens the modeling material, the accuracy and flatness of the average thickness of the modeling layer can be ensured.

-Stage-
The stage means a base on which modeling layers are laminated to form a three-dimensional model.
The stage may be movable by a motor or the like, or may be movable up and down. The "stage" may be referred to as a "modeling stage" or a "modeling table".
The shape of the stage is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose, but it is preferably flat.

Here, the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
In each drawing, the same components may be designated by the same reference numerals, and duplicate description may be omitted. Further, the number, position, shape, etc. of the following constituent members are not limited to the present embodiment, and can be a preferable number, position, shape, etc. for carrying out the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus of the present invention. In the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 of FIG. 1, the modeling layer 30 which is a layered model is laminated to form a three-dimensional model, and the stage 14 and the modeling layer 30 are sequentially laminated on the stage 14. It is equipped with a modeling unit 20 for modeling while.

The modeling unit 20 includes a first head 11 which is a discharge means for discharging a modeling material to a unit holder 21, a UV irradiation unit 13 for irradiating ultraviolet rays as active energy rays, and a flattening means for flattening the modeling layer 30. The flattening roller 16 is provided. It should be noted that not only the modeling material as a model material for modeling the three-dimensional modeled object but also the second head 12 for discharging the support material supporting the modeling of the three-dimensional modeled object can be provided.

Here, in the X direction, two second heads 12 are arranged with the first head 11 interposed therebetween, UV irradiation units 13 are arranged outside the two second heads 12, and further, outside the UV irradiation unit 13. A flattening roller 16 is arranged as a flattening member in each of the above.

The modeling material is supplied to the first head 11 via a supply tube or the like by a cartridge that is replaceably mounted on the cartridge mounting portion. When a modeling material having a color such as black, cyan, magenta, or yellow is used, a plurality of nozzle rows for ejecting droplets of each color can be arranged on the first head 11.

The UV irradiation unit 13 cures the modeling material discharged from the first head 11. When the UV irradiation unit 13 includes a support material, the UV irradiation unit 13 cures the modeling layer 30 made of the support material discharged from the second head 12.
Examples of the UV irradiation unit 13 include a light emitting diode (LED) and an ultraviolet irradiation lamp. When an ultraviolet irradiation lamp is used, it is preferable to provide a mechanism for removing ozone generated by ultraviolet irradiation.
Examples of the type of ultraviolet irradiation lamp include a high-pressure mercury lamp, an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp, and a metal halide lamp. Ultra-high pressure mercury lamps are point light sources, but ultraviolet irradiation lamps with high light utilization efficiency in combination with an optical system can irradiate in the short wavelength region. Since metal halide has a wide wavelength range, it is effective in curing colored substances. A halide of a metal such as Pb, Sn, or Fe is used and can be selected according to the absorption spectrum of the photopolymerization initiator.

The flattening roller 16 flattens the surface of the molding layer 30 cured on the stage 14 by relative movement with the stage 14 while being rotated.
The term "on the stage 14" means that the stage 14 and the modeling layer 30 to be laminated on the stage 14 are included unless otherwise specified.

The unit holder 21 of the modeling unit 20 is movably held by a guide member arranged in the X direction.
Further, on one side of the modeling unit 20 in the X direction, a maintenance mechanism for maintaining and recovering the first head 11 is arranged.

Further, the guide member holding the unit holder 21 of the modeling unit 20 is held by the side plates on both sides. The side plate has a slider portion movably held by a guide member arranged on the base member, and the modeling unit 20 can reciprocate in the Y direction orthogonal to the X direction.
The stage 14 is moved up and down in the Z direction by the raising and lowering means 15. The elevating means 15 is movably arranged on a guide member arranged in the X direction on the base member.

Next, an outline of the modeling operation by the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 will be described with reference to FIG.
First, the modeling unit 20 is moved in the Y direction and positioned on the stage 14. Next, while moving the stage 14 with respect to the stopped modeling unit 20, the model material 301 is discharged from the first head 11 to the modeling region (region constituting the three-dimensional model). When a support material is used, the support material 302 is discharged from the second head 12 to a support area (area to be removed after modeling) other than the modeling area.

Next, the UV irradiation unit 13 irradiates the model material 301 and the support material 302 with ultraviolet rays to cure them, and forms a modeling layer 30 for one layer including the modeling object 17 made of the modeling material and the modeling object 18 made of the support material. To do.

The modeling layer 30 is repeatedly modeled and sequentially laminated to form a target three-dimensional model composed of the model material 301 while supporting the model material 301 with the support material 302. For example, in the example of FIG. 1, five layers of modeling layers 30A to 30E are laminated.

Here, every time a plurality of modeling layers 30 are laminated (it does not have to be a fixed value), for example, every 10 layers are laminated, the flattening roller 16 is pressed against the outermost modeling layer 30 to flatten it. This ensures the thickness accuracy and flatness of the modeling layer 30.
When a roller-shaped member such as the flattening roller 16 is used as the flattening means, the flattening effect is improved by rotating the flattening roller 16 in the direction opposite to the moving direction in the X direction. be able to.

Further, in order to keep the gap between the modeling unit 20 and the outermost modeling layer 30 constant, here, the stage 14 is lowered by the elevating means 15 every time one layer of the modeling layer 30 is formed. The modeling unit 20 may be raised and lowered.

The three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus may include a collection member for the model material 301 and the support material 302, a recycling mechanism, and the like. Further, a discharge state detecting means for detecting the non-discharge nozzles of the first head 11 and the second head 12 may be provided. Further, the environmental temperature in the apparatus at the time of modeling may be controlled.

(Program for manufacturing 3D objects)
The three-dimensional model manufacturing program of the present invention comprises (1) a process of ejecting the modeling material in the N + 1th ejection scanning by a nozzle of a nozzle row different from the nozzle ejecting the modeling material in the Nth ejection scanning. And (2) within the same nozzle row within one modeling cycle until the discharge means repeats line breaks from the discharge position at the start of modeling, performs modeling in the entire modeling range, and returns to the discharge position at the start of modeling. The computer is made to perform at least one of the processes of ejecting the modeling material so that there is no region to be modeled only in the nozzle region having the ejection speed Vj equal to or less than the specified value of the ejection speed Vj of all the nozzles.

The program for manufacturing a three-dimensional model can cause a computer to perform other processes in addition to the above processes.
Other treatments include, for example, flattening the layer of the discharged modeling material, irradiating the discharged modeling material with active energy rays to cure it, cleaning the modeled object, and modeling. Examples include the process of drying the shaped object.

Since the program for manufacturing a three-dimensional model of the present invention is realized as the device for manufacturing a three-dimensional model of the present invention by using a computer or the like as a hardware resource, a preferred embodiment in the program for manufacturing a three-dimensional model of the present invention. Can be, for example, the same as the preferred embodiment in the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus of the present invention.

The program for manufacturing a three-dimensional object of the present invention can be created by using various known program languages according to the configuration of the computer system to be used, the type and version of the operating system, and the like.

The program for manufacturing a three-dimensional model of the present invention may be recorded on a recording medium such as an internal hard disk or an external hard disk, or may be recorded on a recording medium such as a CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, MO disk, or USB memory. You may leave it. These recording media may be storage means included in the control means.
Further, when the program for manufacturing a three-dimensional model of the present invention is recorded on the above-mentioned recording medium, it is used by installing it directly or on a hard disk through a recording medium reader of a computer system, if necessary. be able to. Further, the program for manufacturing a three-dimensional object of the present invention may be recorded in an external storage area (such as another computer) accessible from the computer system through the information communication network. In this case, the program for manufacturing a three-dimensional object of the present invention recorded in the external storage area can be used by installing it directly from the external storage area through the information communication network or by installing it on the hard disk, if necessary.
The program for manufacturing a three-dimensional model of the present invention may be divided and recorded on a plurality of recording media for each arbitrary process.

Next, the processing procedure of the program for manufacturing a three-dimensional model of the present invention is shown. FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of a discharge program for manufacturing a three-dimensional model in a control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus. A detailed description of the flowchart of FIG. 10 will be described in detail in the first embodiment below.

<Three-dimensional model manufacturing equipment>
The three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus of the present invention is equipped with the program for manufacturing a three-dimensional model of the present invention.
The three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus of the present invention is not particularly limited except that the program for manufacturing the three-dimensional model of the present invention is mounted, and other programs and the like can be mounted.

<Computer readable recording medium>
The computer-readable recording medium of the present invention comprises recording the program for manufacturing a three-dimensional object of the present invention.
The computer-readable recording medium in the present invention is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the intended purpose. For example, an internal hard disk, an external hard disk, a CD-ROM, a DVD-ROM, a MO disk, or a USB. Memory etc. can be mentioned.
Further, the computer-readable recording medium in the present invention may be a plurality of recording media in which the active energy ray irradiation program for manufacturing a three-dimensional model of the present invention is divided and recorded for each arbitrary process.

The processing by the three-dimensional model manufacturing program of the present invention can be executed by using a computer having a control means constituting the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus of the present invention.
The computer is not particularly limited as long as it is a device equipped with devices such as storage, calculation, and control, and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose. Examples thereof include a personal computer.

Here, an outline of the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a control means of a three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus.

The control means 500 includes a CPU 501 that controls the entire three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus, a ROM 502 that stores the program for manufacturing the three-dimensional model of the present invention and other fixed data in the CPU 501, and a RAM 503 that temporarily stores the modeling data and the like. The main control unit 500A including the main control unit 500A is provided.
Further, the control means 500 includes a non-volatile memory (NVRAM) 504 for holding data even while the power supply of the device is cut off. Further, the control means 500 includes an ASIC 505 that processes an input / output signal for controlling the entire device and image processing that performs various signal processing on the image data.
Further, the control means 500 includes an I / F 506 for transmitting and receiving data and signals used when receiving modeling data from the external modeling data creating device 600.
The modeling data creation device 600 is an device that creates modeling data (section data) that is slice data obtained by slicing a modeled object (three-dimensional modeled object) in the final form for each modeling layer, and is an information processing device such as a personal computer. It is composed of.

The control means 500 includes an I / O 507 for capturing detection signals of various sensors.
Further, the control means 500 includes a head drive control unit 508 that drives and controls the first head 11 of the modeling unit 20, and a head drive control unit 509 that drives and controls the second head 12.
Further, the control means 500 includes a motor drive unit 510 that drives a motor constituting the unit X direction moving mechanism 550 that moves the modeling unit 20 in the X direction, and Y that moves the modeling unit 20 in the Y direction (sub-scanning direction). A motor drive unit 511 for driving a motor constituting the directional scanning mechanism 552 is provided.

The control means 500 constitutes a motor drive unit 513 that drives a motor constituting the stage X-direction scanning mechanism 553 that moves the stage 14 in the X direction together with the elevating means 15, and an elevating means 15 that moves the stage 14 up and down in the Z direction. It includes a motor drive unit 514 that drives the motor. As described above, the modeling unit 20 can be moved up and down in the Z direction.

The control means 500 includes a motor drive unit 516 that drives the motor 26 that rotationally drives the flattening roller 16, and a maintenance drive unit 518 that drives the maintenance mechanism 61 of the first head 11 and the second head 12.

The control means 500 includes a curing control unit 519 that controls ultraviolet irradiation by the UV irradiation unit 13.
A detection signal such as a temperature / humidity sensor 560 that detects temperature and humidity as an environmental condition of the device and a detection signal of other sensors are input to the I / O 507 of the control means 500.
An operation panel 522 for inputting and displaying information necessary for this device is connected to the control means 500.
As described above, the control means 500 receives the modeling data from the modeling data creating device 600. The modeling data is data (data in the modeling area) that forms the model 17 in each model layer 30 as slice data obtained by slicing the shape of the target three-dimensional model.

The main control unit 500A creates data in which the data of the support area for adding the support material is added to the modeling data (modeling area data), and gives the data to the head drive control units 508 and 509. The head drive control units 508 and 509, respectively, discharge the droplets of the model material 301 from the first head 11 into the modeling region, and discharge the droplets of the liquid support material 302 from the second head 12 into the support region.
The manufacturing device is composed of the modeling data creating device 600 and the three-dimensional modeling object manufacturing device 10.

FIG. 3A is a diagram showing the results of the discharge rate distribution of the nozzles of the A nozzle row and FIG. 3B is a diagram of the nozzles of the B nozzle row. In the ejection of a liquid molding material that is cured by applying energy such as active energy rays or heat with an inkjet head, the present inventor has a nozzle row of ejection means as shown in part A of FIGS. 3A and 3B. It was found that the discharge speed Vj of the nozzles located at both ends of the was low. Such a phenomenon becomes more remarkable as the viscosity of the modeling material is lower. In FIGS. 3A and 3B, the viscosity of the modeling material 1 at 75 ° C. is 10 mPa · s, and the viscosity of the modeling material 2 at 50 ° C. is 15 mPa / s.
As shown in FIG. 4, a plane (YZ plane) perpendicular to the main scanning direction at the end portion in the nozzle row in which a plurality of nozzles are arranged is due to such a variation in the discharge speed Vj at the nozzle position in the nozzle row. There is a problem that thorns and rough surfaces occur.

Further, FIGS. 5A and 5B show the discharge rate distribution of the nozzles for each of the two nozzle rows of rows A and B, FIG. 5A shows the discharge means having a small variation for each nozzle row, and FIG. 5B shows the nozzles. This is the result of the discharge means with large variations in each row. It can be seen that there is a deviation (difference) in the discharge speed Vj also in the two nozzle rows of the A row and the B row. Due to such variations in the discharge speed Vj between the plurality of nozzle rows, there is a problem that thorns and surface roughness occur on the surface (YZ surface) perpendicular to the main scanning direction as the stacking is repeated.

Regarding the variation among a plurality of nozzle rows, the overlap of nozzles in the same row can be reduced by changing the nozzle ejection method. For example, by periodically replacing the nozzle rows as shown in FIG. , The overlap of nozzles in the same row can be reduced.

Regarding the variation in the nozzle row in which a plurality of nozzles are arranged, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, the low speed regions (black) are dispersed in the plane (in the plane in the main scanning direction of the ejection means) so as not to overlap. Let me. That is, by finely breaking the discharge means in the sub-scanning direction, the overlap of the nozzles in the low discharge region is reduced or not used.
Such a line feed method in the sub-scanning direction can be identified by measuring the amount of movement of the ejection means in the sub-scanning direction when ejecting an image over the entire sub-scanning direction using a displacement meter. ..

Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

(Comparative Example 1)
The three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 of Comparative Example 1 shown in FIG. 8A has a modeling unit 20 that can reciprocate on the stage 14.
The modeling unit 20 includes a first head 11 and a second head 12 as discharge means, a UV irradiation unit 13 as an irradiation means, and a flattening roller 16 as a flattening means.
In Comparative Example 1, a three-dimensional model is manufactured by raising the modeling unit 20 each time one model layer is formed as follows.
First, as shown in FIG. 8A, on the outbound route, the model material is discharged from the first head 11 of the modeling unit 20 onto the stage 14, and the UV irradiation unit 13 is irradiated with ultraviolet rays to cure the model layer 1. ..
Next, as shown in FIG. 8B, on the return path, the model material is discharged from the first head 11 onto the model layer 1, flattened by the flattening roller 16, and irradiated with ultraviolet rays from the UV irradiation unit 13 to be cured. The model layer 2 is formed.

In Comparative Example 1, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 9, a discharge means having two rows of nozzles, A row and B row, arranged so as to fill the gap between the nozzles is used. The discharge means performs a discharge operation in each of the outward path and the return path while moving in the main scanning direction with respect to the modeling range from the discharge position at the start of modeling. After performing the discharge by the reciprocating operation, the discharging means moves in the sub-scanning direction by the length of the entire nozzle range, and the discharging by the reciprocating operation is performed again.
After repeating the reciprocating discharge four times, the discharge means shall return to the original discharge position at the start of modeling, and this is defined as one modeling cycle.
By repeating this one modeling cycle, the layers were stacked to obtain a three-dimensional model of Comparative Example 1.

Here, FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing flow of the discharge program for manufacturing the three-dimensional model in the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus of Comparative Example 1. Hereinafter, the processing flow of the method for manufacturing the three-dimensional model of Comparative Example 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3A to 3B and FIG.

In step S1, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 ejects the model material from the first head 11 onto the stage 14 by the scan 1 on the outbound route, irradiates the UV irradiation unit 13 with ultraviolet rays, and cures the model layer 1. To form. Subsequently, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 ejects the model material from the first head 11 onto the model layer 1 by the scan 2 on the return route, flattens the model material by the flattening roller 16, and ultraviolet rays from the UV irradiation unit 13. When the model layer 2 is formed by irradiating and curing the model layer 2, the process shifts to S2.

In step S2, when the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 moves the modeling unit 20 in the sub-scanning direction at the same vertical height, the process shifts to S3.

In step S3, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 discharges the model material from the first head 11 by the scan 3 on the outward route, irradiates the UV irradiation unit 13 with ultraviolet rays, and cures the model layer 3. Subsequently, on the return path, the model material is ejected from the first head 11 by the scan 4, the surface of the model material is flattened by the flattening roller 16 as a flattening means, and the model layer is cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays from the UV irradiation unit 13. When 4 is formed, the process shifts to S4.

In step S4, when the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 moves the modeling unit 20 in the sub-scanning direction at the same vertical height, the process shifts to S5.

In step S5, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 discharges the model material from the first head 11 by the scan 5 on the outward route, irradiates the UV irradiation unit 13 with ultraviolet rays, and cures the model layer 5. Subsequently, on the return path, the model material is ejected from the first head 11 by the scan 6, the surface of the model material is flattened by the flattening roller 16 as a flattening means, and the model layer is cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays from the UV irradiation unit 13. When 6 is formed, the process shifts to S6.

In step S6, when the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 moves the modeling unit 20 in the sub-scanning direction at the same vertical height, the process shifts to S7.

In step S7, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 discharges the model material from the first head 11 by the scan 7 on the outward route, irradiates the UV irradiation unit 13 with ultraviolet rays, and cures the model layer 7. Subsequently, on the return path, the model material is ejected from the first head 11 by the scan 8, the surface of the model material is flattened by the flattening roller 16 as a flattening means, and the model layer is cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays from the UV irradiation unit 13. When 8 is formed, the process shifts to S8.

In step S8, when the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 returns the position of the modeling unit 20 in the sub-scanning direction to the discharge position at the start of modeling, the process shifts to S9.

In step S9, when the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 raises the modeling unit 20 by a predetermined amount in the Z direction, this process ends. After that, by repeating the series of processes from step S1 to step S9 a predetermined number of times, the three-dimensional model of Comparative Example 1 can be obtained.

(Example 1)
In the first embodiment, the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 3A is used as in the comparative example 1, and as shown in FIG. 11, two rows A and B are arranged so as to fill the gap between the nozzles. Use a discharge means having a nozzle array of. The discharge means performs a discharge operation in each of the outward path and the return path while moving in the main scanning direction with respect to the modeling range from the discharge position at the start of modeling.
After performing the discharge by the reciprocating operation, the discharging means moves in the sub-scanning direction by the length of the entire nozzle range, and the discharging by the reciprocating operation is performed again.
After repeating the above reciprocating discharge a total of four times, the scanning ranges of the nozzles in rows A and B of the discharging means were shifted in the sub-scanning direction by one nozzle from the discharge position at the start of modeling so as not to overlap in the main scanning direction. It moves to the position and repeats the same reciprocating discharge four times. After that, the discharge means shall return to the discharge position at the start of the original modeling, and the process up to this point shall be one modeling cycle.
By repeating this one modeling cycle, ejection was performed at the same position using different nozzle rows periodically, and the layers were stacked to obtain the three-dimensional model of Example 1.

Here, FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing flow of the discharge program for manufacturing the three-dimensional model in the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus of the first embodiment. Hereinafter, the processing flow of the method for manufacturing the three-dimensional model of Example 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3A to 3B and 11.

In step S11, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 ejects the model material from the first head 11 onto the stage 14 by scanning 1 on the outward path from the ejection position at the start of modeling, and emits ultraviolet rays from the UV irradiation unit 13. It is irradiated and cured to form the model layer 1. Subsequently, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 ejects the model material from the first head 11 onto the model layer 1 by the scan 2 on the return route, flattens the model material by the flattening roller 16, and ultraviolet rays from the UV irradiation unit 13. When the model layer 2 is formed by irradiating and curing the model layer 2, the process shifts to S12.

In step S12, when the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 moves the modeling unit 20 in the sub-scanning direction at the same vertical height, the process shifts to S13.

In step S13, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 discharges the model material from the first head 11 by the scan 3 on the outward route, irradiates the UV irradiation unit 13 with ultraviolet rays, and cures the model layer 3. Subsequently, on the return path, the model material is ejected from the first head 11 by the scan 4, the surface of the model material is flattened by the flattening roller 16 as a flattening means, and the model layer is cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays from the UV irradiation unit 13. When 4 is formed, the process shifts to S14.

In step S14, when the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 moves the modeling unit 20 in the sub-scanning direction at the same vertical height, the process shifts to S15.

In step S15, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 discharges the model material from the first head 11 by the scan 5 on the outbound route, irradiates the UV irradiation unit 13 with ultraviolet rays, and cures the model layer 5. Subsequently, on the return path, the model material is ejected from the first head 11 by the scan 6, the surface of the model material is flattened by the flattening roller 16 as a flattening means, and the model layer is cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays from the UV irradiation unit 13. When 6 is formed, the process shifts to S16.

In step S16, when the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 moves the modeling unit 20 in the sub-scanning direction at the same vertical height, the process shifts to S17.

In step S17, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 discharges the model material from the first head 11 by the scan 7 on the outbound route, irradiates the UV irradiation unit 13 with ultraviolet rays, and cures the model layer 7. Subsequently, on the return path, the model material is ejected from the first head 11 by the scan 8, the surface of the model material is flattened by the flattening roller 16 as a flattening means, and the model layer is cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays from the UV irradiation unit 13. When 8 is formed, the process shifts to S18.

In step S18, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 subordinates one nozzle from the ejection position at the start of modeling so that the scanning ranges of the nozzles in rows A and B of the modeling unit 20 do not overlap in the main scanning direction. When the position is returned to the position deviated in the scanning direction, the process shifts to S19.

In step S19, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 ejects the model material from the first head 11 onto the stage 14 by the scan 1 on the outbound route, irradiates the UV irradiation unit 13 with ultraviolet rays, and cures the model layer 1. To form. Subsequently, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 ejects the model material from the first head 11 onto the model layer 1 by the scan 2 on the return route, flattens the model material by the flattening roller 16, and ultraviolet rays from the UV irradiation unit 13. When the model layer 2 is formed by irradiating and curing the model layer 2, the process shifts to S20.

In step S20, when the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 moves the modeling unit 20 in the sub-scanning direction at the same vertical height, the process shifts to S21.

In step S21, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 discharges the model material from the first head 11 by the scan 3 on the outbound route, irradiates the UV irradiation unit 13 with ultraviolet rays, and cures the model layer 3. Subsequently, on the return path, the model material is ejected from the first head 11 by the scan 4, the surface of the model material is flattened by the flattening roller 16 as a flattening means, and the model layer is cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays from the UV irradiation unit 13. When 4 is formed, the process shifts to S22.

In step S22, when the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 moves the modeling unit 20 in the sub-scanning direction at the same vertical height, the process shifts to S23.

In step S23, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 discharges the model material from the first head 11 by the scan 5 on the outbound route, irradiates the UV irradiation unit 13 with ultraviolet rays, and cures the model layer 5. Subsequently, on the return path, the model material is ejected from the first head 11 by the scan 6, the surface of the model material is flattened by the flattening roller 16 as a flattening means, and the model layer is cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays from the UV irradiation unit 13. When 6 is formed, the process shifts to S24.

In step S24, when the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 moves the modeling unit 20 in the sub-scanning direction at the same vertical height, the process shifts to S25.

In step S25, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 discharges the model material from the first head 11 by the scan 7 on the outbound route, irradiates the UV irradiation unit 13 with ultraviolet rays, and cures the model layer 7. Subsequently, on the return path, the model material is ejected from the first head 11 by the scan 8, the surface of the model material is flattened by the flattening roller 16 as a flattening means, and the model layer is cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays from the UV irradiation unit 13. When 8 is formed, the process shifts to S26.

In step S26, when the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 returns the position of the modeling unit 20 in the sub-scanning direction to the discharge position at the start of modeling, the process shifts to S27.

In step S27, when the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 raises the modeling unit 20 by a predetermined amount in the Z direction, this process ends. After that, by repeating the series of processes from step S11 to step S27 a predetermined number of times, the three-dimensional model of Example 1 can be obtained.

(Example 2)
In the second embodiment, the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 3A is used as in the comparative example 1, and as shown in FIG. 13, two rows A and B are arranged so as to fill the gap between the nozzles. Use a discharge means having a nozzle array of. The discharge means performs a discharge operation in each of the outward path and the return path while moving in the main scanning direction with respect to the modeling range from the discharge position at the start of modeling.
After performing the discharge by the reciprocating operation, the discharging means moves in the sub-scanning direction by covering only two nozzles on the back side so that the low speed region does not overlap in the main scanning direction, and then discharges by the reciprocating operation again. ..
After repeating the reciprocating discharge a total of four times, the discharge means moves to a position deviated from the discharge position at the start of modeling by two nozzles in the sub-scanning direction so that the low-speed region does not overlap in the main scanning direction. The reciprocating discharge is repeated 4 times. After that, the discharge means shall return to the discharge position at the start of modeling, and the period up to this point shall be one modeling cycle.
By repeating this one modeling cycle, the overlapping of the scanning ranges in the low speed region was eliminated within one cycle, and the layers were stacked to obtain the three-dimensional model of Example 2.
Here, the low speed region refers to a region of nozzles having a discharge speed Vj equal to or less than a specified value of the discharge speed Vj of all nozzles in the same nozzle row.
The specified value is specified between the minimum value and the maximum value by measuring the ejection speed Vj of the droplet being ejected using, for example, a droplet observation device (device name: extended coating device EV2500, manufactured by Ricoh Co., Ltd.). Will be done. Further, it is possible to identify the nozzle used for ejection by ejecting droplets of the modeling material onto a film having high liquid repellency such as an OHP sheet and curing the droplets.

Here, FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing flow of the discharge program for manufacturing the three-dimensional model in the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus of the second embodiment. Hereinafter, the processing flow of the method for manufacturing the three-dimensional model of the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 3A to 3B and 13.

In step S31, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 ejects the model material from the first head 11 onto the stage 14 by scanning 1 on the outward path from the ejection position at the start of modeling, and emits ultraviolet rays from the UV irradiation unit 13. It is irradiated and cured to form the model layer 1. Subsequently, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 ejects the model material from the first head 11 onto the model layer 1 by the scan 2 on the return route, flattens the model material by the flattening roller 16, and ultraviolet rays from the UV irradiation unit 13. When the model layer 2 is formed by irradiating and curing the model layer 2, the process shifts to S32.

In step S32, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 covers only two nozzles on the back side so that the low-speed regions of the modeling unit 20 do not overlap in the main scanning direction, and covers the same vertical height in the sub-scanning direction. When the modeling unit 20 is moved to, the process shifts to S33.

In step S33, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 discharges the model material from the first head 11 by the scan 3 on the outward route, irradiates the UV irradiation unit 13 with ultraviolet rays, and cures the model layer 3. Subsequently, on the return path, the model material is ejected from the first head 11 by the scan 4, the surface of the model material is flattened by the flattening roller 16 as a flattening means, and the model layer is cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays from the UV irradiation unit 13. When 4 is formed, the process shifts to S34.

In step S34, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 covers only two nozzles on the back side so that the low-speed regions of the modeling unit 20 do not overlap in the main scanning direction, and covers the same vertical height in the sub-scanning direction. When the modeling unit 20 is moved to, the process shifts to S35.

In step S35, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 discharges the model material from the first head 11 by the scan 5 on the outbound route, irradiates the UV irradiation unit 13 with ultraviolet rays, and cures the model layer 5. Subsequently, on the return path, the model material is ejected from the first head 11 by the scan 6, the surface of the model material is flattened by the flattening roller 16 as a flattening means, and the model layer is cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays from the UV irradiation unit 13. When 6 is formed, the process shifts to S36.

In step S36, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 covers only two nozzles on the back side so that the low-speed regions of the modeling unit 20 do not overlap in the main scanning direction, and covers the same vertical height in the sub-scanning direction. When the modeling unit 20 is moved to, the process shifts to S37.

In step S37, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 discharges the model material from the first head 11 by the scan 7 on the outbound route, irradiates the UV irradiation unit 13 with ultraviolet rays, and cures the model layer 7. Subsequently, on the return path, the model material is ejected from the first head 11 by the scan 8, the surface of the model material is flattened by the flattening roller 16 as a flattening means, and the model layer is cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays from the UV irradiation unit 13. When 8 is formed, the process shifts to S38.

In step S38, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 moves from the ejection position at the start of modeling to a position shifted in the sub-scanning direction by two nozzles so that the low-speed regions of the modeling unit 20 do not overlap in the main scanning direction. When returned, the process shifts to S39.

In step S39, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 ejects the model material from the first head 11 onto the stage 14 by the scan 1 on the outbound route, irradiates the UV irradiation unit 13 with ultraviolet rays, and cures the model layer 1. To form. Subsequently, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 ejects the model material from the first head 11 onto the model layer 1 by the scan 2 on the return route, flattens the model material by the flattening roller 16, and ultraviolet rays from the UV irradiation unit 13. When the model layer 2 is formed by irradiating and curing the model layer 2, the process shifts to S40.

In step S40, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 covers only two nozzles on the back side so that the low-speed regions of the modeling unit 20 do not overlap in the main scanning direction, and covers the same vertical height in the sub-scanning direction. When the modeling unit 20 is moved to, the process shifts to S41.

In step S41, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 discharges the model material from the first head 11 by the scan 3 on the outbound route, irradiates the UV irradiation unit 13 with ultraviolet rays, and cures the model layer 3. Subsequently, on the return path, the model material is ejected from the first head 11 by the scan 4, the surface of the model material is flattened by the flattening roller 16 as a flattening means, and the model layer is cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays from the UV irradiation unit 13. When 4 is formed, the process shifts to S42.

In step S42, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 covers only two nozzles on the back side so that the low-speed regions of the modeling unit 20 do not overlap in the main scanning direction, and sub-scans at the same vertical height. When the modeling unit 20 is moved in the direction, the process shifts to S43.

In step S43, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 discharges the model material from the first head 11 by the scan 5 on the outbound route, irradiates the UV irradiation unit 13 with ultraviolet rays, and cures the model layer 5. Subsequently, on the return path, the model material is ejected from the first head 11 by the scan 6, the surface of the model material is flattened by the flattening roller 16 as a flattening means, and the model layer is cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays from the UV irradiation unit 13. When 6 is formed, the process shifts to S44.

In step S44, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 covers only two nozzles on the back side so that the low-speed regions of the modeling unit 20 do not overlap in the main scanning direction, and covers the same vertical height in the sub-scanning direction. When the modeling unit 20 is moved to, the process shifts to S45.

In step S45, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 discharges the model material from the first head 11 by the scan 7 on the outbound route, irradiates the UV irradiation unit 13 with ultraviolet rays, and cures the model layer 7. Subsequently, on the return path, the model material is ejected from the first head 11 by the scan 8, the surface of the model material is flattened by the flattening roller 16 as a flattening means, and the model layer is cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays from the UV irradiation unit 13. When 8 is formed, the process shifts to S46.

In step S46, when the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 returns the position of the modeling unit 20 in the sub-scanning direction to the discharge position at the start of the original modeling, the process shifts to S47.

In step S47, when the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 raises the modeling unit 20 by a predetermined amount in the Z direction, this process ends. After that, by repeating the series of processes from step S31 to step S47 a predetermined number of times, the three-dimensional model of Example 2 can be obtained.

(Example 3)
In Example 3, the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 3A is used as in Comparative Example 1, and as shown in FIG. 15, two rows A and B are arranged so as to fill the gap between the nozzles. Use a discharge means having a nozzle array of.
The discharging means performs the discharging operation in each of the outward path and the returning path while moving in the main scanning direction with respect to the modeling range. After performing the discharge by the reciprocating operation, the discharging means moves in the sub-scanning direction by covering only two nozzles on the back side so that the low speed region does not overlap in the main scanning direction, and then discharges by the reciprocating operation again. ..
After repeating the above reciprocating discharge a total of 4 times, the ejection means is provided with 3 nozzles so that the scanning ranges of the nozzles in rows A and B do not overlap in the main scanning direction and the low speed region does not overlap in the main scanning direction. It moves to a position deviated in the scanning direction, and the same reciprocating discharge is repeated four times. After that, the discharge means shall return to the discharge position at the start of the original modeling, and the process up to this point shall be one modeling cycle.
By repeating this one modeling cycle, the nozzles are periodically discharged to the same position using different nozzle rows, the scanning range of the low speed region is not overlapped within one cycle, and the layers are stacked to form the solid of Example 3. I got a model.

Here, FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing flow of the discharge program for manufacturing the three-dimensional model in the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus of the third embodiment. Hereinafter, the processing flow of the method for manufacturing the three-dimensional model of Example 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3A to 3B and FIG.

In step S51, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 ejects the model material from the first head 11 onto the stage 14 by scanning 1 on the outward path from the ejection position at the start of modeling, and emits ultraviolet rays from the UV irradiation unit 13. It is irradiated and cured to form the model layer 1. Subsequently, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 ejects the model material from the first head 11 onto the model layer 1 by the scan 2 on the return route, flattens the model material by the flattening roller 16, and ultraviolet rays from the UV irradiation unit 13. When the model layer 2 is formed by irradiating and curing the model layer 2, the process shifts to S52.

In step S52, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 covers only two nozzles on the back side so that the low-speed regions of the modeling unit 20 do not overlap in the main scanning direction, and covers the sub-scanning direction with the same vertical height. When the modeling unit 20 is moved to, the process shifts to S53.

In step S53, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 discharges the model material from the first head 11 by the scan 3 on the outward route, irradiates the UV irradiation unit 13 with ultraviolet rays, and cures the model layer 3. Subsequently, on the return path, the model material is ejected from the first head 11 by the scan 4, the surface of the model material is flattened by the flattening roller 16 as a flattening means, and the model layer is cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays from the UV irradiation unit 13. When 4 is formed, the process shifts to S54.

In step S54, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 covers only two nozzles on the back side so that the low-speed regions of the modeling unit 20 do not overlap in the main scanning direction, and covers the same vertical height in the sub-scanning direction. When the modeling unit 20 is moved to, the process shifts to S55.

In step S55, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 discharges the model material from the first head 11 by the scan 5 on the outbound route, irradiates the UV irradiation unit 13 with ultraviolet rays, and cures the model layer 5. Subsequently, on the return path, the model material is ejected from the first head 11 by the scan 6, the surface of the model material is flattened by the flattening roller 16 as a flattening means, and the model layer is cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays from the UV irradiation unit 13. When 6 is formed, the process shifts to S56.

In step S56, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 covers only two nozzles on the back side so that the low-speed regions of the modeling unit 20 do not overlap in the main scanning direction, and covers the sub-scanning directions having the same vertical height. When the modeling unit 20 is moved to, the process shifts to S57.

In step S57, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 discharges the model material from the first head 11 by the scan 7 on the outbound route, irradiates the UV irradiation unit 13 with ultraviolet rays, and cures the model layer 7. Subsequently, on the return path, the model material is ejected from the first head 11 by the scan 8, the surface of the model material is flattened by the flattening roller 16 as a flattening means, and the model layer is cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays from the UV irradiation unit 13. When 8 is formed, the process shifts to S58.

In step S58, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 ensures that the scanning ranges of the nozzles in rows A and B of the modeling unit 20 do not overlap in the main scanning direction, and the low-speed region does not overlap in the main scanning direction. When the position is returned to a position shifted in the sub-scanning direction by 3 nozzles, the process shifts to S59.

In step S59, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 ejects the model material from the first head 11 onto the stage 14 by the scan 1 on the outbound route, irradiates the UV irradiation unit 13 with ultraviolet rays, and cures the model layer 1. To form. Subsequently, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 ejects the model material from the first head 11 onto the model layer 1 by the scan 2 on the return route, flattens the model material by the flattening roller 16, and ultraviolet rays from the UV irradiation unit 13. When the model layer 2 is formed by irradiating and curing the model layer 2, the process shifts to S60.

In step S60, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 covers only two nozzles on the back side so that the low-speed regions of the modeling unit 20 do not overlap in the main scanning direction, and covers the same vertical height in the sub-scanning direction. When the modeling unit 20 is moved to, the process shifts to S61.

In step S61, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 discharges the model material from the first head 11 by the scan 3 on the outward route, irradiates the UV irradiation unit 13 with ultraviolet rays, and cures the model layer 3. Subsequently, on the return path, the model material is ejected from the first head 11 by the scan 4, the surface of the model material is flattened by the flattening roller 16 as a flattening means, and the model layer is cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays from the UV irradiation unit 13. When 4 is formed, the process shifts to S62.

In step S62, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 covers only two nozzles on the back side so that the low-speed regions of the modeling unit 20 do not overlap in the main scanning direction, and sub-scans at the same vertical height. When the modeling unit 20 is moved in the direction, the process shifts to S63.

In step S63, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 discharges the model material from the first head 11 by the scan 5 on the outbound route, irradiates the UV irradiation unit 13 with ultraviolet rays, and cures the model layer 5. Subsequently, on the return path, the model material is ejected from the first head 11 by the scan 6, the surface of the model material is flattened by the flattening roller 16 as a flattening means, and the model layer is cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays from the UV irradiation unit 13. When 6 is formed, the process shifts to S64.

In step S64, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 covers only two nozzles on the back side so that the low-speed regions of the modeling unit 20 do not overlap in the main scanning direction, and covers the sub-scanning directions having the same vertical height. When the modeling unit 20 is moved to, the process shifts to S65.

In step S65, the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 discharges the model material from the first head 11 by the scan 7 on the outbound route, irradiates the UV irradiation unit 13 with ultraviolet rays, and cures the model layer 7. Subsequently, on the return path, the model material is ejected from the first head 11 by the scan 8, the surface of the model material is flattened by the flattening roller 16 as a flattening means, and the model layer is cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays from the UV irradiation unit 13. When 8 is formed, the process shifts to S66.

In step S66, when the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 returns the position of the modeling unit 20 in the sub-scanning direction to the discharge position at the start of the original modeling, the process shifts to S67.

In step S67, when the control means of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus 10 raises the modeling unit 20 by a predetermined amount in the Z direction, this process ends. After that, by repeating the series of processes from step S51 to step S67 a predetermined number of times, the three-dimensional model of Example 3 can be obtained.

Next, for each of the obtained three-dimensional shaped objects of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1, photographs showing the surface shapes of the shaped objects parallel to the sub-scanning direction are shown in Table 1, and the surface roughness is as follows. Sa was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.

<Measurement method of surface roughness Sa>
Equipment: KEYENCE VK-1000 Co., Ltd.
Measurement conditions: The height was measured with a resolution of 0.5 μm at a magnification of 100 times.
Measuring method: A vertical wall-shaped model having a total width in the sub-scanning direction was prepared. Five points were randomly selected from the planes (YZ planes) perpendicular to the main scanning direction of the modeled object, and the surface roughness was measured, and the average value of these points was used as the measured value.

表１の結果から、実施例１は、Ａ列とＢ列の２つのノズル列の走査範囲が主走査方向に重ならないよう、造形開始時の吐出位置から１ノズル分だけ副走査方向にずれた位置に移動させており、周期的に異なる複数のノズル列を用いて同一位置に吐出を行い、層を積み重ねているので、主走査方向に垂直な面の表面性および質感に優れた立体造形物が得られた。
実施例２は、複数のノズルを配設したノズル列内の低速度領域が主走査方向に重ならないよう、造形開始時の吐出位置から２ノズル分だけ副走査方向にずれた位置に移動させており、１周期内では低速度領域の走査範囲の重なりを無くしているので、主走査方向に垂直な面の表面性および質感に優れた立体造形物が得られた。
実施例３は、Ａ列とＢ列の２つのノズル列の走査範囲が主走査方向に重ならず、かつ複数のノズルを配設したノズル列内の低速度領域も主走査方向に重ならないよう３ノズル分だけ副走査方向にずれた位置に移動させており、周期的に異なる複数のノズル列を用いて同一位置に吐出を行い、かつ１周期内では低速度領域の走査範囲の重なりを無くしているので、主走査方向に垂直な面の表面性および質感が極めて優れた立体造形物が得られた。
これに対して、比較例１は、造形物表面や周辺への異常な硬化物の塊状の付着が生じ、主走査方向に垂直な面の表面性および質感が劣ることがわかった。

From the results in Table 1, in Example 1, the scanning ranges of the two nozzle rows in rows A and B were shifted in the sub-scanning direction by one nozzle from the ejection position at the start of modeling so that the scanning ranges did not overlap in the main scanning direction. Since it is moved to a position, ejects to the same position using multiple nozzle rows that are periodically different, and layers are stacked, a three-dimensional model with excellent surface and texture on the surface perpendicular to the main scanning direction. was gotten.
In the second embodiment, the low-speed regions in the nozzle row in which the plurality of nozzles are arranged are moved to a position shifted in the sub-scanning direction by two nozzles from the ejection position at the start of modeling so that the low-speed regions do not overlap in the main scanning direction. Therefore, since the overlap of the scanning ranges in the low speed region is eliminated within one cycle, a three-dimensional model having excellent surface and texture on the surface perpendicular to the main scanning direction was obtained.
In the third embodiment, the scanning ranges of the two nozzle rows of rows A and B do not overlap in the main scanning direction, and the low speed region in the nozzle rows in which the plurality of nozzles are arranged does not overlap in the main scanning direction. It is moved to a position shifted in the sub-scanning direction by 3 nozzles, ejects to the same position using multiple nozzle rows that are different periodically, and the overlap of the scanning range in the low speed region is eliminated within one cycle. Therefore, a three-dimensional model having extremely excellent surface properties and texture on the surface perpendicular to the main scanning direction was obtained.
On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1, it was found that abnormal lumpy adhesion of the cured product to the surface of the modeled object and its surroundings occurred, and the surface property and texture of the surface perpendicular to the main scanning direction were inferior.

Examples of aspects of the present invention are as follows.
<1> A discharge means that has a plurality of nozzle rows in which a plurality of nozzles are arranged and discharges a modeling material,
A curing means for curing the modeling material discharged by the discharging means, and
(1) Control to eject the modeling material in the N + 1th ejection scan by a nozzle of a nozzle row different from the nozzle ejecting the modeling material in the Nth ejection scan, and
(2) Within the same nozzle row within one modeling cycle until the discharge means repeats line breaks from the discharge position at the start of modeling, performs modeling in the entire modeling range, and returns to the discharge position at the start of modeling. A control means for performing at least one of control of ejecting the modeling material so that there is no region to be modeled only in the nozzle region having a discharge speed Vj equal to or less than the specified value of the ejection speed Vj of all the nozzles of the above.
It is a three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus characterized by having.
<2> (1) Control to eject the modeling material in the N + 1th ejection scan by a nozzle in a nozzle row different from the nozzle that ejected the modeling material in the Nth ejection scan, and
(2) Within the same nozzle row within one modeling cycle until the discharge means repeats line breaks from the discharge position at the start of modeling, performs modeling in the entire modeling range, and returns to the discharge position at the start of modeling. Control to eject the modeling material so that there is no region to be modeled only in the nozzle area where the ejection speed Vj is equal to or less than the specified value of the ejection speed Vj of all the nozzles.
The three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus according to <1>, which has a control means for performing the above.
<3> Described in any one of <1> to <2> above, in which the molding material is not discharged in the nozzle region where the discharge speed Vj is equal to or less than the specified value of the discharge speed Vj of all the nozzles in the same nozzle row. It is a three-dimensional model manufacturing equipment.
<4> The discharge means reciprocates in the main scanning direction, and the discharge means reciprocates.
The three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus according to any one of <1> to <3>, wherein the control means discharges the modeling material when the discharging means moves forward and backward.
<5> The three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus according to <4>, wherein the discharging means discharges the modeling material more often when the vehicle is driven back than when the vehicle is moving forward.
<6> The three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus according to any one of <1> to <5>, which has a flattening means for flattening the surface of the modeling material discharged by the discharging means.
<7> (1) A process of ejecting the modeling material in the N + 1th ejection scan by a nozzle of a nozzle row different from the nozzle ejecting the modeling material in the Nth ejection scan, and
(2) Within one modeling cycle from the discharge position at the start of modeling until the discharge means repeats line breaks, performs modeling in the entire modeling range, and returns to the discharge position at the start of modeling, within the same nozzle row. It is characterized in that at least one of the processes of discharging the modeling material so that there is no region to be modeled only in the nozzle area where the ejection speed Vj is equal to or less than the specified value of the ejection speed Vj of all the nozzles is performed by the computer. This is a program for manufacturing three-dimensional objects.
<8> (1) A process of ejecting the modeling material in the N + 1th ejection scanning by a nozzle having a nozzle row different from the nozzle ejecting the modeling material in the Nth ejection scanning, and
(2) Within one modeling cycle until the discharge means starts discharge scanning from the discharge position at the start of modeling and returns to the discharge position at the start of modeling, the scanning range of the discharge means is covered in the sub-scanning direction. The process of ejecting the modeling material without covering the nozzle region where the ejection speed Vj is equal to or less than the specified value of the ejection speed Vj of all the nozzles in the same nozzle row.
This is the program for manufacturing a three-dimensional model according to <7>.
<9> The three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus, which is equipped with the program for manufacturing the three-dimensional model according to any one of <7> to <8>.
<10> In a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional model, in which a modeling material is discharged and cured by using a discharge means having a plurality of nozzle rows in which a plurality of nozzles are arranged.
(1) The first ejection step of ejecting the modeling material in the N + 1th ejection scanning by a nozzle of a nozzle row different from the nozzle ejecting the modeling material in the Nth ejection scanning, and
(2) Within the same nozzle row within one modeling cycle until the discharge means repeats line breaks from the discharge position at the start of modeling, performs modeling in the entire modeling range, and returns to the discharge position at the start of modeling. The second ejection step of ejecting the modeling material so that there is no region to be modeled only in the nozzle region where the ejection speed Vj is equal to or less than the specified value of the ejection speed Vj of all the nozzles of the above.
It is a method of manufacturing a three-dimensional model characterized by containing at least one of.
<11> (1) The first ejection step of ejecting the modeling material in the N + 1th ejection scanning by a nozzle of a nozzle row different from the nozzle ejecting the modeling material in the Nth ejection scanning, and
(2) Within the same nozzle row within one modeling cycle until the discharge means repeats line breaks from the discharge position at the start of modeling, performs modeling in the entire modeling range, and returns to the discharge position at the start of modeling. The second ejection step of ejecting the modeling material so that there is no region to be modeled only in the nozzle region where the ejection speed Vj is equal to or less than the specified value of the ejection speed Vj of all the nozzles of the above.
This is the method for producing a three-dimensional model according to <10>.

The three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus according to any one of <1> to <6> and <9>, the three-dimensional model manufacturing program according to any one of <7> to <8>, and the above <10>. According to the method for manufacturing a three-dimensional model according to any one of <11>, it is possible to solve various conventional problems and achieve the object of the present invention.

10 Three-dimensional model manufacturing equipment 11 1st head 12 2nd head 13 UV irradiation unit 14 Stage 16 Flattening roller 20 Modeling unit

JP-A-2017-105141

Claims (9)

A discharge means that has a plurality of nozzle rows in which a plurality of nozzles are arranged and discharges a modeling material,
A curing means for curing the modeling material discharged by the discharging means, and
(1) Control to eject the modeling material in the N + 1th ejection scan by a nozzle of a nozzle row different from the nozzle ejecting the modeling material in the Nth ejection scan, and
(2) Within the same nozzle row within one modeling cycle until the discharge means repeats line breaks from the discharge position at the start of modeling, performs modeling in the entire modeling range, and returns to the discharge position at the start of modeling. A control means for performing at least one of control of discharging the modeling material so that there is no region to be modeled only in the nozzle area having a discharge speed Vj equal to or less than the specified value of the discharge speed Vj of all nozzles.
A three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus characterized by having. (1) Control to eject the modeling material in the N + 1th ejection scan by a nozzle of a nozzle row different from the nozzle ejecting the modeling material in the Nth ejection scan, and
(2) Within the same nozzle row within one modeling cycle until the discharge means repeats line breaks from the discharge position at the start of modeling, performs modeling in the entire modeling range, and returns to the discharge position at the start of modeling. Control to eject the modeling material so that there is no region to be modeled only in the nozzle area where the ejection speed Vj is equal to or less than the specified value of the ejection speed Vj of all nozzles.
The three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a control means for performing the above. The three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the molding material is not discharged in the nozzle region where the discharge speed Vj is equal to or less than the specified value of the discharge speed Vj of all the nozzles in the same nozzle row. .. The discharge means reciprocates in the main scanning direction,
The three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the control means discharges the modeling material when the discharging means moves forward and backward. The three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the discharging means discharges the modeling material more when the device is driven back than when it is moved forward. The three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a flattening means for flattening the surface of the modeling material discharged by the discharging means. (1) A process of ejecting the modeling material in the N + 1th ejection scanning by a nozzle of a nozzle row different from the nozzle ejecting the modeling material in the Nth ejection scanning, and
(2) The discharge means repeats line breaks from the discharge position at the start of modeling, performs modeling in the entire modeling range, and within one modeling cycle until returning to the discharge position at the start of modeling, all in the same nozzle row. A three-dimensional object characterized in that at least one of the processes of ejecting the modeling material so that there is no region to be modeled only in the nozzle area having a ejection speed Vj equal to or less than the specified value of the nozzle ejection speed Vj is performed by a computer. A program for manufacturing shaped objects. A three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus comprising the program for manufacturing a three-dimensional model according to claim 7. In a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional model, which uses a discharge means having a plurality of nozzle rows in which a plurality of nozzles are arranged to discharge a modeling material and cure it to produce a three-dimensional model.
(1) The first ejection step of ejecting the modeling material in the N + 1th ejection scanning by a nozzle of a nozzle row different from the nozzle ejecting the modeling material in the Nth ejection scanning, and
(2) Within the same nozzle row within one modeling cycle until the discharge means repeats line breaks from the discharge position at the start of modeling, performs modeling in the entire modeling range, and returns to the discharge position at the start of modeling. A second ejection step of ejecting the modeling material so that there is no region to be modeled only in the nozzle region where the ejection speed Vj is equal to or less than the specified value of the ejection speed Vj of all nozzles.
A method for manufacturing a three-dimensional model, which comprises at least one of.

Images