JP2021076116A - Catalytic converter, exhaust gas aftertreatment system and internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Catalytic converter, exhaust gas aftertreatment system and internal combustion engine Download PDF

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JP2021076116A
JP2021076116A JP2020185824A JP2020185824A JP2021076116A JP 2021076116 A JP2021076116 A JP 2021076116A JP 2020185824 A JP2020185824 A JP 2020185824A JP 2020185824 A JP2020185824 A JP 2020185824A JP 2021076116 A JP2021076116 A JP 2021076116A
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housing section
exhaust gas
catalytic converter
housing
inflow
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メフメト・コスクン・バイダク
Coskun Baydak Mehmet
ヨハネス・リーパート
Liepert Johannes
アルネ・ミュラー
Mueller Arne
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MAN Energy Solutions SE
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
    • B01D53/9431—Processes characterised by a specific device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
    • F01N3/2807—Metal other than sintered metal
    • F01N3/281—Metallic honeycomb monoliths made of stacked or rolled sheets, foils or plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2839—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration
    • F01N3/2842—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration specially adapted for monolithic supports, e.g. of honeycomb type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2892—Exhaust flow directors or the like, e.g. upstream of catalytic device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/01—Engine exhaust gases
    • B01D2258/012—Diesel engines and lean burn gasoline engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/02—Metallic plates or honeycombs, e.g. superposed or rolled-up corrugated or otherwise deformed sheet metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/02—Tubes being perforated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/18—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes the axis of inlet or outlet tubes being other than the longitudinal axis of apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2590/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines
    • F01N2590/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines for marine vessels or naval applications
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)

Abstract

To provide a new type catalytic converter, a new type exhaust gas aftertreatment system for an internal combustion engine and the internal combustion engine including the exhaust gas aftertreatment system.SOLUTION: An SCR catalytic converter for an exhaust gas aftertreatment system for an internal combustion engine includes: a catalytic converter housing (11); a honeycomb body that enables exhaust gas to flow through the honeycomb body (15) in a first direction (X1); a second housing section that enables exhaust gas to flow through an inflow housing section (13) in a second direction (X2) in order to supply the exhaust gas to the honeycomb body; and a third housing section that enables exhaust gas to flow through an outflow housing section (14) in a third direction (X3) in order to release exhaust gas from the honeycomb body. In the catalytic converter, the second direction extends vertically to the first direction, and the third direction extends vertically to or in parallel with the first direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、内燃機関の排ガス後処理システムのための触媒コンバータに関する。本発明は、触媒コンバータを有する排ガス後処理システムと、排ガス後処理システムを有する内燃機関と、にさらに関する。 The present invention relates to a catalytic converter for an exhaust gas aftertreatment system of an internal combustion engine. The present invention further relates to an exhaust gas aftertreatment system having a catalytic converter and an internal combustion engine having an exhaust gas aftertreatment system.

例えば発電プラントで使用される定置型内燃機関での燃焼プロセス中に、かつ例えば船舶で使用される非定置型内燃機関での燃焼プロセス中に、窒素酸化物が発生し、これらの窒素酸化物は、典型的には、石炭、坑口炭、褐炭、原油、重質燃料油、ディーゼル燃料又はガスなどの燃料の燃焼中に発生する。この理由のために、このような内燃機関には、排ガス後処理システムが割り当てられ、これら排ガス後処理システムは、内燃機関を出た排ガスを浄化させるため、特に脱窒させるために働く。 For example, during the combustion process in a stationary internal combustion engine used in a power plant, and during the combustion process in a non-stationary internal combustion engine used in a ship, for example, nitrogen oxides are generated, and these nitrogen oxides are generated. It typically occurs during the combustion of fuels such as coal, wellhead coal, brown coal, crude oil, heavy fuel oils, diesel fuels or gases. For this reason, such internal combustion engines are assigned exhaust gas aftertreatment systems, which work to purify the exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine, especially to denitrify it.

排ガス中の窒素酸化物を還元させるために、主としていわゆるＳＣＲ触媒コンバータが、実施から公知の排ガス後処理システム内で使用される。ＳＣＲ触媒コンバータでは、窒素酸化物の選択的触媒還元が行われ、窒素酸化物を還元させるために、還元剤としてアンモニア（ＮＨ３）が必要とされる。このために、アンモニア、又は例えば尿素などのアンモニア前駆物質が、ＳＣＲ触媒コンバータの上流で排ガス中に液体形態で導入され、アンモニア又はアンモニア前駆物質は、ＳＣＲ触媒コンバータの上流で排ガスと混合させられる。このために、アンモニア又はアンモニア前駆物質の導入部とＳＣＲ触媒コンバータとの間の混合セクションが、実施によれば設けられている。 In order to reduce nitrogen oxides in exhaust gas, so-called SCR catalytic converters are mainly used in exhaust gas aftertreatment systems known from practice. In the SCR catalytic converter, selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides is carried out, and ammonia (NH 3 ) is required as a reducing agent in order to reduce the nitrogen oxides. To this end, ammonia, or an ammonia precursor such as urea, is introduced into the exhaust gas upstream of the SCR catalytic converter in liquid form, and the ammonia or ammonia precursor is mixed with the exhaust gas upstream of the SCR catalytic converter. For this purpose, a mixing section between the introduction of ammonia or ammonia precursor and the SCR catalytic converter is provided according to the practice.

実施から公知の触媒コンバータと、触媒コンバータを備える排ガス後処理システムと、により、排ガス後処理、特に窒素酸化物還元は、すでに首尾よく行うことができるが、触媒コンバータ及び排ガス後処理システムをさらに改良することが必要とされている。特に、このような触媒コンバータ及び排ガス後処理システムのコンパクトな設計が必要とされている。 Exhaust gas post-treatment, especially nitrogen oxide reduction, can already be successfully carried out by a catalytic converter known from the implementation and an exhaust gas after-treatment system including the catalytic converter, but the catalytic converter and the exhaust gas after-treatment system are further improved. Is needed to do. In particular, a compact design of such a catalytic converter and an exhaust gas aftertreatment system is required.

ここから出発して、本発明は、新たなタイプの触媒コンバータと、内燃機関の新たなタイプの排ガス後処理システムと、当該排ガス後処理システムを有する内燃機関と、を創出するという課題に基づいている。 Starting from here, the present invention is based on the task of creating a new type of catalytic converter, a new type of exhaust gas aftertreatment system for an internal combustion engine, and an internal combustion engine having the exhaust gas aftertreatment system. There is.

この課題は、請求項１に記載の内燃機関の排ガス後処理システムのための触媒コンバータにより解決される。 This problem is solved by the catalytic converter for the exhaust gas aftertreatment system of the internal combustion engine according to claim 1.

本発明による触媒コンバータは、触媒コンバータハウジングを備えている。触媒コンバータハウジングの第１ハウジングセクション内には、複数のハニカム体が受容され、排ガスが、第１方向においてハニカム体を通って流れることができる。流入ハウジングセクションを形成する、触媒コンバータハウジングの第２ハウジングセクションであって、排ガスが、第２方向において流入ハウジングセクションを通って流れることができる、第２ハウジングセクションにより、排ガスがハニカム体に供給され得る。流出ハウジングセクションを形成する、触媒コンバータハウジングの第３ハウジングセクションであって、排ガスが、第３方向において流出ハウジングセクションを通って流れることができる、第３ハウジングセクションにより、排ガスがハニカム体から放出され得る。第２方向が、第１方向に対して垂直に延びる。第３方向も、第１方向に対して垂直に又は平行に延びる。 The catalytic converter according to the present invention includes a catalytic converter housing. A plurality of honeycomb bodies are received in the first housing section of the catalytic converter housing, and exhaust gas can flow through the honeycomb bodies in the first direction. The second housing section of the catalytic converter housing that forms the inflow housing section, through which the exhaust gas can flow through the inflow housing section in the second direction, supplies the exhaust gas to the honeycomb body. obtain. A third housing section of the catalytic converter housing that forms the outflow housing section, through which the exhaust gas can flow through the outflow housing section in the third direction, allows the exhaust gas to be released from the honeycomb body. obtain. The second direction extends perpendicular to the first direction. The third direction also extends perpendicularly or parallel to the first direction.

このように構築された触媒コンバータにより、効果的な排ガス後処理システムが、コンパクトな設計で確実にされ得る。 The catalytic converter constructed in this way can ensure an effective exhaust gas aftertreatment system in a compact design.

有利なさらなる発展によれば、排ガスが、完全に鉛直の第１方向においてハニカム体を通って流れることができ、排ガスが、水平の第２方向及び第３方向において流入ハウジングセクション及び流出ハウジングセクションの双方を通って流れることができ、排ガスが、第３方向において鉛直に流出ハウジングを通って流れることもできる。これは、例えば船舶上での狭い設置空間条件で触媒コンバータを統合するために好ましく、触媒コンバータがコンパクトな構成を有すると同時に、効果的な排ガス後処理を確実にする。 According to a favorable further development, the exhaust gas can flow through the honeycomb in the first direction, which is completely vertical, and the exhaust gas can flow in the inflow housing section and the outflow housing section in the horizontal second and third directions. It can flow through both, and the exhaust gas can also flow vertically through the outflow housing in the third direction. This is preferred, for example, for integrating catalytic converters in tight installation space conditions on ships, ensuring that the catalytic converter has a compact configuration while at the same time ensuring effective exhaust gas aftertreatment.

有利なさらなる発展によれば、有孔チューブが、流入ハウジングセクション内に配置され、排ガスが、第２方向において有孔チューブを通って流れることができる。これにより、排ガス後処理の有効性が、さらに増大させられる。有孔チューブであって、排ガスが、有孔チューブの穿孔部を通って内側から外側に流れることができる、有孔チューブにより、排ガスは、第２ハウジングセクション内、すなわち流入ハウジングセクション内において均一に分配され、これにより、排ガスがすべてのハニカム体と完全に均一に衝突し、従って可能な限り効率的な排ガス後処理を実行する。 According to a favorable further development, the perforated tube is located within the inflow housing section and the exhaust gas can flow through the perforated tube in the second direction. This further enhances the effectiveness of the exhaust gas aftertreatment. A perforated tube in which the exhaust gas can flow from the inside to the outside through the perforations of the perforated tube, the perforated tube allows the exhaust gas to be uniform within the second housing section, i.e. the inflow housing section. It is distributed so that the exhaust gas collides perfectly and evenly with all the honeycombs, thus performing the exhaust gas post-treatment as efficient as possible.

有利なさらなる発展によれば、流入ハウジングセクション及び／又は流出ハウジングセクションが、第１ハウジングセクションに対して回転可能であり、このため、特に第２方向及び第３方向が、第１方向に対して垂直に又は平行にそれぞれ延びる場合、第２方向及び第３方向が、互いに平行に又は垂直に延びる。この形態は、小さい設置空間要件及びコンパクトな寸法で、利用可能な設置空間において、内燃機関の設計から独立して触媒コンバータを設置するために好ましい。 According to a favorable further development, the inflow housing section and / or the outflow housing section is rotatable with respect to the first housing section, so that the second and third directions in particular are relative to the first direction. When extending vertically or parallel to each other, the second and third directions extend parallel to or vertically to each other. This form is preferred for installing the catalytic converter in the available installation space, independent of the design of the internal combustion engine, with small installation space requirements and compact dimensions.

本発明による排ガス後処理システムは、請求項１０で規定されている。 The exhaust gas aftertreatment system according to the present invention is defined in claim 10.

本発明による内燃機関は、請求項１１で規定されている。 The internal combustion engine according to the present invention is defined in claim 11.

本発明の好ましいさらなる発展が、従属請求項及び以下の説明から得られる。本発明の例示的な実施形態は、図面に限定されることなく図面を用いてより詳細に説明される。 Preferred further developments of the present invention can be obtained from the dependent claims and the following description. Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described in more detail with reference to the drawings without limitation.

本発明による触媒コンバータの概略斜視図である。It is a schematic perspective view of the catalytic converter according to this invention. 図１の触媒コンバータの断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the catalytic converter of FIG. 図１の触媒コンバータの一部の断面斜視図である。It is sectional drawing of a part of the catalytic converter of FIG.

本発明は、内燃機関の排ガス後処理システムのための触媒コンバータに関する。触媒コンバータは、優先的には、ＳＣＲ排ガス後処理システムのためのＳＣＲ触媒コンバータ又は酸化触媒コンバータである。 The present invention relates to a catalytic converter for an exhaust gas aftertreatment system of an internal combustion engine. The catalytic converter is preferably an SCR catalytic converter or an oxidation catalytic converter for the SCR exhaust gas aftertreatment system.

図１から図３は、触媒コンバータハウジング１１を備える、本発明による触媒コンバータ１０の詳細を概略的に示している。触媒コンバータハウジング１１は、基本的に、３つのハウジングセクション１２，１３及び１４に分割され、触媒コンバータハウジング１１の第１ハウジングセクション１２内には、複数の行と列とを有するハニカム体１５のアレイを形成する複数のハニカム体１５が配置される。ハウジングセクション１２は、同様に、ハニカム体のアレイの複数の層からなることができる。排ガスが、第１方向Ｘ１においてハニカム体１５を通って流れることができる。 1 to 3 schematically show the details of the catalytic converter 10 according to the present invention, which comprises the catalytic converter housing 11. The catalytic converter housing 11 is basically divided into three housing sections 12, 13 and 14, and within the first housing section 12 of the catalytic converter housing 11, an array of honeycomb bodies 15 having a plurality of rows and columns. A plurality of honeycomb bodies 15 forming the above are arranged. The housing section 12 can also consist of multiple layers of an array of honeycombs. Exhaust gas can flow through the honeycomb body 15 in the first direction X1.

ここで、ハニカム体１５は、それぞれのハニカム体１５の入口端部と出口端部との間で、断面が矩形である流れ断面を有し、各ハニカム体１５は、優先的には、金属製ハニカム体ハウジングによって部分的に外側で取り囲まれ、すなわち、それぞれのハニカム体１５の入口端部及び出口端部が露出されたままにしておく。 Here, the honeycomb body 15 has a flow cross section having a rectangular cross section between the inlet end portion and the outlet end portion of each honeycomb body 15, and each honeycomb body 15 is preferentially made of metal. It is partially surrounded by the honeycomb housing, i.e., leaving the inlet and outlet ends of each honeycomb 15 exposed.

金属製ハニカム体ハウジングは、キャニングとも称される。 The metal honeycomb housing is also referred to as canning.

さらに、触媒コンバータハウジング１１は、流入ハウジングセクションを形成する第２ハウジングセクション１３を備え、第１ハウジングセクション１２内に位置決めされたハニカム体１５に排ガスを供給するために、排ガスは、第２方向Ｘ２においてこの流入ハウジングセクション１３を通って流れることができる。流入ハウジングセクションを提供する第２ハウジングセクション１３は、第１ハウジングセクション１２の所定の側に位置決めされ、第１ハウジングセクション１２における反対側に配置された側には、触媒コンバータハウジング１１の第３ハウジングセクション１４が配置され、第３ハウジングセクション１４は、触媒コンバータハウジングの流出ハウジングセクションを提供する。ハニカム体１５から触媒コンバータハウジング１１の外に排ガスを放出するために、排ガスは、第３方向Ｘ３において流出ハウジングセクション１４を通って流れることができる。 Further, the catalytic converter housing 11 includes a second housing section 13 forming an inflow housing section, and the exhaust gas is supplied in the second direction X2 in order to supply the exhaust gas to the honeycomb body 15 positioned in the first housing section 12. Can flow through this inflow housing section 13. The second housing section 13, which provides the inflow housing section, is positioned on a predetermined side of the first housing section 12, and on the opposite side of the first housing section 12, the third housing of the catalytic converter housing 11 is located. Section 14 is arranged and the third housing section 14 provides an outflow housing section of the catalytic converter housing. In order to discharge the exhaust gas from the honeycomb body 15 to the outside of the catalytic converter housing 11, the exhaust gas can flow through the outflow housing section 14 in the third direction X3.

図１から図３によれば、排ガスは、完全に鉛直の第１方向Ｘ１において、触媒コンバータハウジング１１の第１ハウジングセクション１２内に位置決めされたハニカム体１５を通って流れることができる。第１ハウジングセクション１２の下方には、流入ハウジングセクションとして働く第２ハウジングセクション１３が位置決めされ、排ガスは、水平の第２方向Ｘ２において流入ハウジングセクションを通って流れることができる。第１ハウジングセクション１２の上方には、流出ハウジングセクションとして働く第３ハウジングセクション１４が配置され、排ガスは、水平又は鉛直の第３方向Ｘ３において流出ハウジングセクションを通って流れることができる。 According to FIGS. 1 to 3, the exhaust gas can flow through the honeycomb body 15 positioned in the first housing section 12 of the catalytic converter housing 11 in a completely vertical first direction X1. Below the first housing section 12, a second housing section 13 that acts as an inflow housing section is positioned so that the exhaust gas can flow through the inflow housing section in the horizontal second direction X2. Above the first housing section 12, there is a third housing section 14 that acts as an outflow housing section, allowing exhaust gas to flow through the outflow housing section in a horizontal or vertical third direction X3.

重ねて配置されたハウジングセクション１２，１３及び１４は、隣接する側で開いており、これにより、排ガスが、流入ハウジングセクション１３から第１ハウジングセクション１２内にかつ第１ハウジングセクション１２から流出ハウジングセクション１４内に通過することを可能にする。有孔チューブ１６が、触媒コンバータハウジング１１の第２ハウジングセクション又は流入ハウジングセクション１３内に突出する。有孔チューブ１６は、そのシリンダ状外側壁部に穿孔部１７を有し、この穿孔部１７は、複数の孔によって形成されている。触媒コンバータ１０を介して導かれる排ガスは、最初に、第２方向Ｘ２において有孔チューブ１６の内部を通って流れ、その後、流入ハウジングセクション１３におけるチューブ１６の外側に配置された一部内に、穿孔部１７の孔を介してチューブ１６のシリンダ状壁部を通過する。 The stacked housing sections 12, 13 and 14 are open on adjacent sides so that the exhaust gas can flow from the inflow housing section 13 into the first housing section 12 and from the first housing section 12 to the outflow housing section. Allows passage within 14. The perforated tube 16 projects into the second housing section or the inflow housing section 13 of the catalytic converter housing 11. The perforated tube 16 has a perforated portion 17 on its cylindrical outer wall portion, and the perforated portion 17 is formed by a plurality of holes. The exhaust gas guided through the catalytic converter 10 first flows through the interior of the perforated tube 16 in the second direction X2 and then perforates into a portion of the inflow housing section 13 located outside the tube 16. It passes through the cylindrical wall portion of the tube 16 through the hole of the portion 17.

チューブ１６のシリンダ状壁部上の穿孔部１７は、優先的には、チューブ１６の軸方向及び周方向において一様であり、すなわち穿孔部１７の孔の間隔及びサイズは、軸方向及び周方向において同じである。これにより、排ガスは、流入ハウジングセクション１３内に一様に分配され、従って、第１ハウジングセクション１２内に位置決めされたハニカム体１５に一様に供給され、これにより、排ガスがすべてのハニカム体１５に一様に衝突する。これは、触媒コンバータ１０内での特に効果的な排ガス後処理のために有利である。 The perforations 17 on the cylindrical wall of the tube 16 are preferentially uniform in the axial and circumferential directions of the tube 16, that is, the spacing and size of the holes in the perforations 17 are axial and circumferential. Is the same in. Thereby, the exhaust gas is uniformly distributed within the inflow housing section 13 and thus is uniformly supplied to the honeycomb bodies 15 positioned in the first housing section 12, whereby the exhaust gas is uniformly supplied to all the honeycomb bodies 15. Collide uniformly with. This is advantageous for particularly effective exhaust gas post-treatment within the catalytic converter 10.

図１に示されるように、第２ハウジングセクション又は流入ハウジングセクション１３は、第２方向Ｘ２に延びる長さｌ、第１方向Ｘ１に延びる高さｈ及び幅ｂを有する。長さｌ、高さｈ及び幅ｂは、流入ハウジングセクション１３の体積を規定する。 As shown in FIG. 1, the second housing section or the inflow housing section 13 has a length l extending in the second direction X2, a height h extending in the first direction X1, and a width b. The length l, height h and width b define the volume of the inflow housing section 13.

有孔チューブ１６は、直径ｄを有し、流入ハウジングセクション１３の全長ｌにわたって流入ハウジングセクション１３内で延在する。流入ハウジングセクション１３の長さｌ及びチューブ１６の直径ｄは、流入ハウジングセクション１３内での有孔チューブ１６の体積を規定する。 The perforated tube 16 has a diameter d and extends within the inflow housing section 13 over the entire length l of the inflow housing section 13. The length l of the inflow housing section 13 and the diameter d of the tube 16 define the volume of the perforated tube 16 within the inflow housing section 13.

流入ハウジングセクション１３内での排ガスの可能な限り一様な分配を確実にするために、従って、排ガスがすべてのハニカム体１５と完全に一様に衝突するために、以下の４つの値の範囲のうちの少なくとも１つ、優先的には複数の組み合わせ又は特に好ましくはすべての組み合わせが使用されるときに特に有利であることが分かっている。 To ensure the most uniform distribution of exhaust gas within the inflow housing section 13, and therefore to ensure that the exhaust gas collides perfectly uniformly with all honeycomb bodies 15, a range of four values: It has been found to be particularly advantageous when at least one of, preferably a plurality of combinations, or particularly preferably all combinations, are used.

第１に、有孔チューブ１６の穿孔部１７の自由流れ断面積と、有孔チューブ１６、すなわち有孔チューブ１６のシリンダ状有孔壁部の総表面積と、の間の比は、１：１０と１：５との間になる。請求項６も参照。 First, the ratio between the free-flow cross-sectional area of the perforated portion 17 of the perforated tube 16 and the total surface area of the perforated tube 16, that is, the cylindrical perforated wall portion of the perforated tube 16, is 1:10. And 1: 5. See also claim 6.

第２に、流入ハウジングセクション１３の体積と、流入ハウジングセクション１３内での有孔チューブ１６の体積と、の間の比は、６：１と４：１との間になる。請求項６も参照。 Second, the ratio between the volume of the inflow housing section 13 and the volume of the perforated tube 16 within the inflow housing section 13 is between 6: 1 and 4: 1. See also claim 6.

第３に、流入ハウジングセクション１３の高さｈと、有孔チューブ１６の直径ｄと、の間の比は、１：１と１：２との間になる。請求項６も参照。 Third, the ratio between the height h of the inflow housing section 13 and the diameter d of the perforated tube 16 is between 1: 1 and 1: 2. See also claim 6.

第４に、流入ハウジングセクション１３の幅ｂと、有孔チューブ１６の直径ｄと、の間の比は、２：１と３：１との間になる。請求項６も参照。 Fourth, the ratio between the width b of the inflow housing section 13 and the diameter d of the perforated tube 16 is between 2: 1 and 3: 1. See also claim 6.

有孔チューブ１６は、所定の端部でのみ開いており、有孔チューブ１６は、反対側の端部において流入ハウジングセクション１３の壁部によって密閉される。チューブ１６は、開いた端部に流入開口部１８を有する。従って、有孔チューブ１６の開いた端部を介して流れる排ガス又は流入開口部１８を介して有孔チューブ１６に流れる排ガスは、チューブ１６のシリンダ状壁部の穿孔部１７を介して押し込まれ、穿孔部１７を介して、流入ハウジングセクション１３における有孔チューブ１６の外側に配置された領域に入る。 The perforated tube 16 is open only at a predetermined end, and the perforated tube 16 is sealed at the opposite end by the wall of the inflow housing section 13. The tube 16 has an inflow opening 18 at the open end. Therefore, the exhaust gas flowing through the open end of the perforated tube 16 or the exhaust gas flowing through the perforated tube 16 through the inflow opening 18 is pushed through the perforated portion 17 of the cylindrical wall portion of the tube 16. Through the perforations 17, it enters the area located outside the perforated tube 16 in the inflow housing section 13.

流出ハウジングセクション１４は、流出ハウジングセクション１４から排ガスを放出するために、所定の側に流出開口部１９を備えている。 The outflow housing section 14 is provided with an outflow opening 19 on a predetermined side in order to discharge the exhaust gas from the outflow housing section 14.

上述したように、流入ハウジングセクション１３及び流出ハウジングセクション１４は、第１ハウジングセクション１２に面する側で開いており、これにより、一方では、排ガスが、流入ハウジングセクション１３から第１ハウジングセクション１２内に、従ってハニカム体１５内に通過することを可能にし、他方では、ハニカム体１５から流出ハウジングセクション１５内に通過することを可能にする。 As mentioned above, the inflow housing section 13 and the outflow housing section 14 are open on the side facing the first housing section 12, whereby the exhaust gas is, on the one hand, from the inflow housing section 13 to the inside of the first housing section 12. Therefore, it is possible to pass through the honeycomb body 15, and on the other hand, it is possible to pass through the outflow housing section 15 from the honeycomb body 15.

本発明の有利な形態によれば、流入ハウジングセクション１３及び／又は流出ハウジングセクション１４は、ハニカム体１５が配置される第１ハウジングセクション１２に対して回転可能であり、このため、特に第２方向Ｘ２及び第３方向Ｘ３が、第１方向Ｘ１に対して垂直にそれぞれ延びる場合、第２方向Ｘ２及び第３方向Ｘ３は、互いに平行に又は垂直に延びることが規定される。ここで、有孔チューブ１６、従って流入ハウジングセクション１３の流入開口部１８と、流出ハウジングセクション１４の流出開口部１９と、は、それに応じて、それぞれのハウジングセクション１３，１４を回転させることによって適切な位置に動かされ、これにより、設置空間に関して適切となるように、触媒コンバータ１０を排ガス後処理システム、すなわち排ガス後処理システムの排気誘導チューブに接続する。そして、すべてのハウジングセクション１２，１３及び１４は、四角形の底面範囲を有する。 According to an advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the inflow housing section 13 and / or the outflow housing section 14 is rotatable with respect to the first housing section 12 in which the honeycomb body 15 is arranged, and therefore in particular the second direction. When X2 and the third direction X3 extend perpendicular to the first direction X1, the second direction X2 and the third direction X3 are defined to extend parallel to or perpendicular to each other. Here, the perforated tube 16, and thus the inflow opening 18 of the inflow housing section 13, and the outflow opening 19 of the outflow housing section 14 are appropriate by rotating the respective housing sections 13, 14 accordingly. The catalytic converter 10 is connected to the exhaust gas aftertreatment system, that is, the exhaust guidance tube of the exhaust gas aftertreatment system, so as to be moved to a suitable position with respect to the installation space. And all housing sections 12, 13 and 14 have a rectangular bottom area.

本発明は、このような触媒コンバータ１０に関するだけでなく、これに加えて、当該触媒コンバータを有する排ガス後処理システムにも関し、当該排ガス後処理システムを有する内燃機関、特にディーゼル燃料、ガス又は重質燃料油で動作させられる内燃機関にも関する。 The present invention relates not only to such a catalytic converter 10, but also to an exhaust gas aftertreatment system having the catalytic converter, an internal combustion engine having the exhaust gas aftertreatment system, particularly diesel fuel, gas or heavy. It also concerns internal combustion engines that are powered by quality fuel oil.

好ましくは、本発明は、船舶のためのディーゼル内燃機関と関連して船舶及び定置型発電プラントで使用され、ディーゼル内燃機関では、燃料として、重質燃料油、ガス又は残油が燃焼させられる。 Preferably, the present invention is used in ships and stationary power plants in connection with diesel internal combustion engines for ships, in which heavy fuel oil, gas or residual oil is burned as fuel.

１０ 触媒コンバータ、１１ 触媒コンバータハウジング、１２ 第１ハウジングセクション、１３ 第２ハウジングセクション、１４ 第３ハウジングセクション、１５ ハニカム体、１６ チューブ、１７ 穿孔部、１８ 流入開口部、１９ 流出開口部 10 Catalytic converter, 11 Catalytic converter housing, 12 1st housing section, 13 2nd housing section, 14 3rd housing section, 15 honeycomb body, 16 tubes, 17 perforations, 18 inflow openings, 19 outflow openings

Claims (11)

内燃機関の排ガス後処理システムのための触媒コンバータ（１０）であって、
触媒コンバータハウジング（１１）と、
前記触媒コンバータハウジング（１１）の第１ハウジングセクション（１２）内に受容された複数のハニカム体（１５）であって、排ガスが、第１方向（Ｘ１）において前記ハニカム体（１５）を通って流れることができる、ハニカム体（１５）と、
流入ハウジングセクション（１３）を形成する、前記触媒コンバータハウジング（１１）の第２ハウジングセクションであって、前記ハニカム体（１５）に排ガスを供給するために、排ガスが、第２方向（Ｘ２）において前記流入ハウジングセクション（１３）を通って流れることができる、第２ハウジングセクションと、
流出ハウジングセクション（１４）を形成する、前記触媒コンバータハウジング（１１）の第３ハウジングセクションであって、前記ハニカム体（１５）から排ガスを放出するために、排ガスが、第３方向（Ｘ３）において前記流出ハウジングセクション（１４）を通って流れることができる、第３ハウジングセクションと、
を有し、
前記第２方向（Ｘ２）が、前記第１方向（Ｘ１）に対して垂直に延び、前記第３方向（Ｘ３）が、前記第１方向（Ｘ１）に対して垂直に又は平行に延びることを特徴とする触媒コンバータ。 A catalytic converter (10) for an exhaust gas aftertreatment system of an internal combustion engine.
Catalytic converter housing (11) and
A plurality of honeycomb bodies (15) received in the first housing section (12) of the catalytic converter housing (11), and exhaust gas passes through the honeycomb bodies (15) in the first direction (X1). Honeycomb body (15) that can flow,
In the second housing section of the catalytic converter housing (11) forming the inflow housing section (13), the exhaust gas is discharged in the second direction (X2) in order to supply the exhaust gas to the honeycomb body (15). A second housing section, which can flow through the inflow housing section (13),
A third housing section of the catalytic converter housing (11) that forms the outflow housing section (14), in which the exhaust gas is discharged in the third direction (X3) in order to release the exhaust gas from the honeycomb body (15). A third housing section, which can flow through the outflow housing section (14),
Have,
That the second direction (X2) extends perpendicular to the first direction (X1) and the third direction (X3) extends perpendicularly or parallel to the first direction (X1). Characterized catalytic converter. 排ガスが、完全に鉛直の第１方向（Ｘ１）において前記ハニカム体（１５）を通って流れることができることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の触媒コンバータ。 The catalytic converter according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust gas can flow through the honeycomb body (15) in a completely vertical first direction (X1). 排ガスが、水平の前記第２方向（Ｘ２）及び前記第３方向（Ｘ３）において、又は前記第３方向においては垂直に、前記流入ハウジングセクション（１３）及び前記流出ハウジングセクション（１４）の双方を通って流れることができることを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の触媒コンバータハウジング。 Exhaust gas flows through both the inflow housing section (13) and the outflow housing section (14) horizontally in the second direction (X2) and the third direction (X3), or vertically in the third direction. The catalytic converter housing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it can flow through. 有孔チューブ（１６）が、前記流入ハウジングセクション（１３）内に少なくとも部分的に配置され、排ガスが、前記第２方向（Ｘ２）において前記有孔チューブ（１６）を通って流れることができることを特徴とする請求項１から３のいずれか一項に記載の触媒コンバータハウジング。 The perforated tube (16) is at least partially disposed within the inflow housing section (13) so that the exhaust gas can flow through the perforated tube (16) in the second direction (X2). The catalytic converter housing according to any one of claims 1 to 3. 前記有孔チューブ（１６）の穿孔部（１７）が、前記有孔チューブ（１６）の軸方向及び周方向において一様であることを特徴とする請求項４に記載の触媒コンバータハウジング。 The catalytic converter housing according to claim 4, wherein the perforated portion (17) of the perforated tube (16) is uniform in the axial direction and the circumferential direction of the perforated tube (16). 前記有孔チューブ（１６）の前記穿孔部（１７）の自由流れ断面積と、前記有孔チューブ（１６）の総表面と、の間の比が、１：１０と１：５との間になり、かつ／又は、
前記流入ハウジングセクション（１３）の体積と、前記流入ハウジングセクション（１３）内での前記有孔チューブ（１６）の体積と、の間の比が、６：１と４：１との間になり、かつ／又は、
前記流入ハウジングセクション（１３）の高さ（ｈ）と、前記有孔チューブ（１６）の直径（ｄ）と、の間の比が、１：１と２：１との間になり、かつ／又は、
前記流入ハウジングセクション（１３）の幅（ｂ）と、前記有孔チューブ（１６）の直径（ｄ）と、の間の比が、２：１と３：１との間になることを特徴とする請求項４又は５に記載の触媒コンバータハウジング。 The ratio between the free-flow cross-sectional area of the perforated portion (17) of the perforated tube (16) and the total surface of the perforated tube (16) is between 1:10 and 1: 5. And / or
The ratio between the volume of the inflow housing section (13) and the volume of the perforated tube (16) within the inflow housing section (13) is between 6: 1 and 4: 1. And / or
The ratio between the height (h) of the inflow housing section (13) and the diameter (d) of the perforated tube (16) is between 1: 1 and 2: 1 and /. Or,
The feature is that the ratio between the width (b) of the inflow housing section (13) and the diameter (d) of the perforated tube (16) is between 2: 1 and 3: 1. The catalytic converter housing according to claim 4 or 5. 前記流入ハウジングセクション（１３）及び／又は前記流出ハウジングセクション（１４）が、前記第１ハウジングセクション（１２）に対して回転可能であることを特徴とする請求項１から６のいずれか一項に記載の触媒コンバータハウジング。 The invention according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the inflow housing section (13) and / or the outflow housing section (14) is rotatable with respect to the first housing section (12). The catalytic converter housing described. 前記流入ハウジングセクション（１３）、前記流出ハウジングセクション（１４）及び前記第１ハウジングセクション（１２）の底面範囲が、それぞれ四角形であることを特徴とする請求項７に記載の触媒コンバータハウジング。 The catalytic converter housing according to claim 7, wherein the bottom surface ranges of the inflow housing section (13), the outflow housing section (14), and the first housing section (12) are quadrangular, respectively. 前記ハニカム体（１５）が、入口端部と出口端部との間で、断面が矩形である流れ断面を有することを特徴とする請求項１から８のいずれか一項に記載の触媒コンバータハウジング。 The catalytic converter housing according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the honeycomb body (15) has a flow cross section having a rectangular cross section between an inlet end portion and an outlet end portion. .. 請求項１から９のいずれか一項に記載の触媒コンバータを有することを特徴とする、内燃機関の排ガス後処理システム。 An exhaust gas aftertreatment system for an internal combustion engine, comprising the catalytic converter according to any one of claims 1 to 9. 請求項１０に記載の排ガス後処理システムを有することを特徴とする内燃機関（１）。 An internal combustion engine (1) comprising the exhaust gas aftertreatment system according to claim 10.
JP2020185824A 2019-11-08 2020-11-06 Catalytic converter, exhaust gas aftertreatment system and internal combustion engine Pending JP2021076116A (en)

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