JP2021075439A - Method for producing tobermorite-containing housing material, tobermorite, and tobermorite-containing housing material - Google Patents
Method for producing tobermorite-containing housing material, tobermorite, and tobermorite-containing housing material Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 18
- MKTRXTLKNXLULX-UHFFFAOYSA-P pentacalcium;dioxido(oxo)silane;hydron;tetrahydrate Chemical compound [H+].[H+].O.O.O.O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O MKTRXTLKNXLULX-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 title abstract description 8
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229940043430 calcium compound Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 150000001674 calcium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium sulfate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- RBTVSNLYYIMMKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 3-aminoazetidine-1-carboxylate;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N1CC(N)C1 RBTVSNLYYIMMKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000007832 Na2SO4 Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011686 zinc sulphate Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000009529 zinc sulphate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 51
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 51
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 44
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 19
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000010335 hydrothermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
- -1 sulfate compound Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 9
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Inorganic materials [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 7
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000344 rubidium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- GANPIEKBSASAOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L rubidium(1+);sulfate Chemical compound [Rb+].[Rb+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O GANPIEKBSASAOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- XJKVPKYVPCWHFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Si] XJKVPKYVPCWHFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- UBXAKNTVXQMEAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium sulfate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O UBXAKNTVXQMEAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910014472 Ca—O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910018557 Si O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000843 anti-fungal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940121375 antifungal agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011400 blast furnace cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JLDKGEDPBONMDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O JLDKGEDPBONMDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004455 differential thermal analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011381 foam concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011085 pressure filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003828 vacuum filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
発明は、トバモライト含有建材の製造方法、トバモライト及びトバモライト含有建材に関する。 The invention relates to a method for producing a tobamolite-containing building material, tovamorite and a tobamolite-containing building material.
トバモライト(Ca5Si6O16(OH)2・4H2O)は、ケイ酸カルシウム水和物の一種であり、軽量気泡コンクリート(ALC)やケイ酸カルシウム板(ケイカル板)などの建築材料の原料として広く利用されている。ALCは軽量で断熱性が高いことから、建築物の外壁材として利用され、ケイカル板は、耐火性が高いことから、建築物の内壁材や外壁材として利用されている。 Tobermorite (Ca 5 Si 6 O 16 ( OH) 2 · 4H 2 O) is a kind of calcium silicate hydrate, building materials such as lightweight concrete (ALC), calcium silicate board (calcium silicate board) Widely used as a raw material. ALC is used as an outer wall material of a building because it is lightweight and has high heat insulating properties, and siding board is used as an inner wall material or an outer wall material of a building because of its high fire resistance.
トバモライトは、一般に、カルシウム化合物と二酸化ケイ素と水とを含む含水組成物を水熱合成反応させることによって製造されている。含水組成物には、水熱合成反応を促進させるために硫酸カルシウムなどの硫酸塩を添加することが行なわれている。例えば、特許文献1には、硫酸化合物原料をSO3量換算で固体原料の総重量に対して0.15〜15重量%含む含水組成物が記載されている。また、特許文献2には、乾燥成分が硫酸ナトリウムを2.62%含む含水組成物が記載されている。
Tovamorite is generally produced by hydrothermally synthesizing a hydrous composition containing a calcium compound, silicon dioxide, and water. Sulfates such as calcium sulfate are added to the hydrous composition in order to promote the hydrothermal synthesis reaction. For example, Patent Document 1, water-containing composition containing 0.15 to 15 wt% have been described with respect to the total weight of the solid material sulfate compound precursor with SO 3 amount conversion. Further,
また、トバモライトに対して抗菌性能及び防カビ性能を付与するために、銀、銅、亜鉛などの金属元素を含む金属塩をトバモライトに担持させることが検討されている。特許文献3には、金属塩を担持させる方法として、金属塩を純水に溶解させた後、トバモライトに添加して80℃で真空乾燥させる方法、金属塩を純水に溶解後にチオ硫酸ナトリウムを溶解させて金属錯体とした後、基材に添加して80℃で真空乾燥させる方法が記載されている。 Further, in order to impart antibacterial performance and antifungal performance to tobamolite, it is being studied to support tobamolite with a metal salt containing a metal element such as silver, copper and zinc. Patent Document 3 describes a method of dissolving a metal salt in pure water and then adding it to tovamorite and drying it in a vacuum at 80 ° C., and a method of dissolving the metal salt in pure water and then adding sodium thiosulfate. A method is described in which a metal complex is dissolved and then added to a substrate and dried in a vacuum at 80 ° C.
内壁材や外壁材は、人目につきやすいところであるから、長期間にわたって変質しにくいことが望ましい。しかしながらトバモライトは炭酸化による変質が起こりやすい傾向がある。炭酸化とは、トバモライト結晶内のCaO層とSiO層との層間に配置された層間カルシウムが、外部に溶出して炭酸化する現象である。この炭酸化によってトバモライトが変質すると、建材としての見栄えが悪くだけでなく、強度が低下する。 Since the inner wall material and the outer wall material are easily noticeable, it is desirable that they do not easily deteriorate over a long period of time. However, tovamorite tends to be easily altered by carbonation. Carbonation is a phenomenon in which interlaminar calcium arranged between the CaO layer and the SiO layer in the tobamolite crystal elutes to the outside and carbonates. When tobamolite is altered by this carbonation, not only does it look bad as a building material, but its strength also decreases.
本発明は、上記事情に鑑みてなされたものであって、炭酸化が起こりにくいトバモライトを含むトバモライト含有建材の製造方法を提供することを目的とする。本発明はまた、炭酸化が起こりにくいトバモライト及びトバモライト含有建材を提供することも、その目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a tobamolite-containing building material containing tobamolite, which is less likely to cause carbonation. It is also an object of the present invention to provide tovamolite and tovamolite-containing building materials that are less likely to undergo carbonation.
本発明者は、上記目的を達成すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、カルシウム化合物と二酸化ケイ素と水とを含む含水組成物に、硫酸リチウム、硫酸ナトリウム、硫酸マグネシウム、硫酸亜鉛及び硫酸アンモニウムなどの硫酸塩を所定の量で添加し、その含水組成物を160℃以上180℃以下の温度で水熱合成反応させることによって、炭酸化が起こりにくいトバモライトを得ることが可能となることを見出して、本発明を完成させた。
従って、本発明は以下の態様を含む。
As a result of diligent research to achieve the above object, the present inventor has added sulfates such as lithium sulfate, sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate and ammonium sulfate to a hydrous composition containing a calcium compound, silicon dioxide and water. Is added in a predetermined amount, and the hydrous composition is subjected to a hydrothermal synthesis reaction at a temperature of 160 ° C. or higher and 180 ° C. or lower. Was completed.
Therefore, the present invention includes the following aspects.
[1]水酸化カルシウム及び酸化カルシウムのうちの少なくとも一方を含有するカルシウム化合物と、二酸化ケイ素と、硫酸リチウム、硫酸ナトリウム、硫酸マグネシウム、硫酸亜鉛及び硫酸アンモニウムからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種の硫酸塩と、水と、を含み、前記カルシウム化合物と前記二酸化ケイ素の合計モル数を0.18molとしたときの前記硫酸塩のモル数が、前記硫酸塩が前記硫酸リチウムの場合は、0.57mmol以上1.43mmol以下の範囲内にあり、前記硫酸塩が前記硫酸ナトリウムの場合は、0.57mmol以上1.15mmol以下の範囲内にあり、前記硫酸塩が前記硫酸マグネシウムの場合は、0.57mmol以上2.30mmol以下の範囲内にあり、前記硫酸塩が前記硫酸亜鉛の場合は、0.57mmol以上1.43mmol以下の範囲内にあり、前記硫酸塩が前記硫酸アンモニウムの場合は、0.57mmol以上2.30mmol以下の範囲内にある含水組成物を調製する工程と、前記含水組成物を、160℃以上180℃以下の温度で水熱合成反応させる工程と、を有するトバモライト含有建材の製造方法。
[2]前記含水組成物に含まれる前記二酸化ケイ素に対する前記カルシウム化合物のモル比が0.5以上2.0以下の範囲内にある前記[1]に記載のトバモライト含有建材の製造方法。
[3]前記含水組成物に含まれる固形分に対する水分の質量比が1以上50以下の範囲内にある前記[1]又は[2]に記載のトバモライト含有建材の製造方法。
[1] A calcium compound containing at least one of calcium hydroxide and calcium oxide, silicon dioxide, and at least one sulfate selected from the group consisting of lithium sulfate, sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate and ammonium sulfate. When the total number of moles of the calcium compound and the silicon dioxide is 0.18 mol, the number of moles of the sulfate is 0.57 mmol or more when the sulfate is the lithium sulfate. It is in the range of .43 mmol or less, and when the sulfate is the sodium sulfate, it is in the range of 0.57 mmol or more and 1.15 mmol or less, and when the sulfate is the magnesium sulfate, it is 0.57 mmol or more 2 It is in the range of .30 mmol or less, and when the sulfate is zinc sulfate, it is in the range of 0.57 mmol or more and 1.43 mmol or less, and when the sulfate is ammonium sulfate, it is 0.57 mmol or more. A method for producing a tovamorite-containing building material, which comprises a step of preparing a hydrous composition within a range of 30 mmol or less and a step of subjecting the hydrous composition to a hydrothermal synthesis reaction at a temperature of 160 ° C. or higher and 180 ° C. or lower.
[2] The method for producing a tovamorite-containing building material according to the above [1], wherein the molar ratio of the calcium compound to the silicon dioxide contained in the hydrous composition is in the range of 0.5 or more and 2.0 or less.
[3] The method for producing a tovamorite-containing building material according to the above [1] or [2], wherein the mass ratio of water to the solid content contained in the water-containing composition is in the range of 1 or more and 50 or less.
[4]リチウム、ナトリウム、マグネシウム及び亜鉛からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種の金属元素と、カルシウムと、ケイ素とを含み、前記カルシウムと前記ケイ素の合計モル数を0.18molとしたときの前記金属元素のモル数が、前記金属元素が前記リチウムの場合は、1.14mmol以上2.86mmol以下の範囲内にあり、前記金属元素が前記ナトリウムの場合は、1.14mmol以上2.30mmol以下の範囲内にあり、前記金属元素が前記マグネシウムの場合は、0.57mmol以上2.30mmol以下の範囲内にあり、前記金属元素が前記亜鉛の場合は、0.57mmol以上1.43mmol以下の範囲内にあるトバモライト。 [4] The metal containing at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, magnesium and zinc, calcium and silicon, and the total number of moles of calcium and silicon is 0.18 mol. The number of moles of the element is in the range of 1.14 mmol or more and 2.86 mmol or less when the metal element is the lithium, and in the range of 1.14 mmol or more and 2.30 mmol or less when the metal element is the sodium. When the metal element is magnesium, it is in the range of 0.57 mmol or more and 2.30 mmol or less, and when the metal element is zinc, it is in the range of 0.57 mmol or more and 1.43 mmol or less. A Tobamolite.
[5]前記[4]に記載のトバモライトを含有するトバモライト含有建材。 [5] A tobamolite-containing building material containing the tobamolite according to the above [4].
本発明によれば、炭酸化が起こりにくいトバモライトを含むトバモライト含有建材の製造方法を提供することが可能となる。また、本発明によれば、炭酸化が起こりにくいトバモライト及びトバモライト含有建材を提供することが可能となる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for producing a tobamolite-containing building material containing tobamolite, which is less likely to undergo carbonation. Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide tobamolite and a tobamolite-containing building material in which carbonation is unlikely to occur.
以下、本発明の一実施態様に係るトバモライト含有建材の製造方法、トバモライト及びトバモライト含有建材について説明する。 Hereinafter, a method for producing a tobamolite-containing building material, a tobamolite, and a tobamolite-containing building material according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
[トバモライト含有建材の製造方法]
本実施形態において、製造目的物であるトバモライト含有建材は、トバモライトもしくはトバモライトを含む組成物である。トバモライトは、Ca5Si6O16(OH)2・4H2Oで表されるケイ酸カルシウム水和物の一種である。トバモライトを含む組成物は、例えば、軽量気泡コンクリート(ALC)、ケイ酸カルシウム板(ケイカル板)である。
[Manufacturing method of building materials containing tobamolite]
In the present embodiment, the tobamolite-containing building material, which is the production target, is tobamolite or a composition containing tobamolite. Tobermorite, which is a kind of calcium silicate hydrate represented by Ca 5 Si 6 O 16 (OH ) 2 ·
図1は、本発明の一実施形態に係るトバモライト含有建材の製造方法のフロー図である。本実施形態のトバモライト含有建材の製造方法は、混合工程S01と、水熱処理工程S02と、ろ過工程S03と、乾燥工程S04とを含む。 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing a tovamorite-containing building material according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method for producing a tobamolite-containing building material of the present embodiment includes a mixing step S01, a hydrothermal treatment step S02, a filtration step S03, and a drying step S04.
混合工程S01は、カルシウム化合物と、二酸化ケイ素と、硫酸塩と、水とを混合して、含水組成物を得る工程である。カルシウム化合物としては、水酸化カルシウム、酸化カルシウムを用いる。カルシウム化合物は、水酸化カルシウム又は酸化カルシウムのうちの一方を単独で用いてもよいし、両方を組み合わせて用いてもよい。二酸化ケイ素は、粒子径が0.1μm以上2μm以下の範囲内にあることが好ましい。硫酸塩としては、硫酸リチウム、硫酸ナトリウム、硫酸マグネシウム、硫酸亜鉛、硫酸アンモニウムを用いる。これらの硫酸塩は、一種を単独で用いてもよいし、二種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。 The mixing step S01 is a step of mixing a calcium compound, silicon dioxide, a sulfate, and water to obtain a water-containing composition. As the calcium compound, calcium hydroxide and calcium oxide are used. As the calcium compound, either one of calcium hydroxide and calcium oxide may be used alone, or both may be used in combination. The particle size of silicon dioxide is preferably in the range of 0.1 μm or more and 2 μm or less. As the sulfate, lithium sulfate, sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, and ammonium sulfate are used. These sulfates may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
混合工程S01において、カルシウム化合物と二酸化ケイ素と硫酸塩と水の混合順序は特に制限はない。例えば、図1のフロー図に示すように、カルシウム化合物、二酸化ケイ素及び水を含む混合物と硫酸塩とを混合してもよい。また、カルシウム化合物及び二酸化ケイ素を含む混合物と硫酸塩水溶液とを混合してもよいし、カルシウム化合物、二酸化ケイ素及び硫酸塩を含む混合物と水とを混合してもよい。 In the mixing step S01, the mixing order of the calcium compound, silicon dioxide, sulfate and water is not particularly limited. For example, as shown in the flow chart of FIG. 1, a mixture containing a calcium compound, silicon dioxide and water may be mixed with a sulfate. Further, a mixture containing a calcium compound and silicon dioxide and an aqueous sulfate solution may be mixed, or a mixture containing a calcium compound, silicon dioxide and sulfate and water may be mixed.
含水組成物中の硫酸塩の添加量は、カルシウム化合物と二酸化ケイ素の合計モル数を0.18molとしたときの硫酸塩のモル数として、硫酸塩が硫酸リチウムの場合は、0.57mmol以上1.43mmol以下の範囲内(金属元素量として1.14mmol以上2.86mmol以下の範囲内)にあり、好ましくは0.57mmol以上0.86mmol以下の範囲内(金属元素量として1.14mmol以上1.72mmol以下の範囲内)である。硫酸塩が硫酸ナトリウムである場合は0.57mmol以上1.15mmol以下の範囲内(金属元素量として1.14mmol以上2.30mmol以下の範囲内)にあり、好ましくは0.57mmol以上0.86mmol以下の範囲内(金属元素量として1.14mmol以上1.72mmol以下の範囲内)である。硫酸塩が硫酸マグネシウムである場合は、0.57mmol以上2.30mmol以下の範囲内にあり、好ましくは0.57mmol以上1.71mmol以下の範囲内である。硫酸塩が硫酸亜鉛である場合は、0.57mmol以上1.43mmol以下の範囲内にあり、好ましくは0.70mmol以上1.43mmol以下の範囲内である。硫酸塩が硫酸アンモニウムである場合は、0.57mmol以上2.30mmol以下の範囲内にあり、好ましくは0.86mmol以上1.43mmol以下の範囲内である。硫酸塩を0.57mmol以上とすることによって、水熱処理工程S02での水熱合成反応を促進させることができる。また、硫酸塩の上限を上記の値とすることによって得られるトバモライトの炭酸化を抑制することができる。硫酸塩を過剰に添加すると、得られるトバモライトの炭酸化が起こりやすくなるおそれがある。 The amount of sulfate added to the hydrous composition is 0.57 mmol or more when the sulfate is lithium sulfate, as the number of moles of sulfate when the total number of moles of the calcium compound and silicon dioxide is 0.18 mol. It is within the range of .43 mmol or less (the amount of metal element is 1.14 mmol or more and 2.86 mmol or less), preferably within the range of 0.57 mmol or more and 0.86 mmol or less (the amount of metal element is 1.14 mmol or more and 1. (Within the range of 72 mmol or less). When the sulfate is sodium sulfate, it is in the range of 0.57 mmol or more and 1.15 mmol or less (the amount of metal element is in the range of 1.14 mmol or more and 2.30 mmol or less), and preferably 0.57 mmol or more and 0.86 mmol or less. (The amount of metal element is in the range of 1.14 mmol or more and 1.72 mmol or less). When the sulfate is magnesium sulfate, it is in the range of 0.57 mmol or more and 2.30 mmol or less, preferably in the range of 0.57 mmol or more and 1.71 mmol or less. When the sulfate is zinc sulfate, it is in the range of 0.57 mmol or more and 1.43 mmol or less, preferably 0.70 mmol or more and 1.43 mmol or less. When the sulfate is ammonium sulfate, it is in the range of 0.57 mmol or more and 2.30 mmol or less, preferably 0.86 mmol or more and 1.43 mmol or less. By setting the sulfate salt to 0.57 mmol or more, the hydrothermal synthesis reaction in the hydrothermal synthesis step S02 can be promoted. In addition, carbonation of tovamorite obtained by setting the upper limit of sulfate to the above value can be suppressed. Excessive addition of sulfate may facilitate carbonation of the resulting tovamorite.
含水組成物に含まれるカルシウム化合物と二酸化ケイ素の含有量は、二酸化ケイ素に対するカルシウム化合物の比(カルシウム化合物/二酸化ケイ素比)として、モル比で0.5以上2.0以下の範囲内にあることが好ましい。カルシウム化合物/二酸化ケイ素比は、0.6以上1.5以下の範囲内にあることが特に好ましい。 The content of the calcium compound and silicon dioxide contained in the water-containing composition shall be in the range of 0.5 or more and 2.0 or less in terms of molar ratio as the ratio of the calcium compound to silicon dioxide (calcium compound / silicon dioxide ratio). Is preferable. The calcium compound / silicon dioxide ratio is particularly preferably in the range of 0.6 or more and 1.5 or less.
製造目的物がALCである場合、含水組成物は、さらに、セメントと発泡剤とを含む。セメントとしては、特に制限はなく、例えば、普通ポルトランドセメント、早強ポルトランドセメント、高炉セメント、シリカセメント、フライアッシュセメントを用いることができる。発泡剤としては、アルミニウムを用いることができる。 When the production object is ALC, the hydrous composition further comprises cement and a foaming agent. The cement is not particularly limited, and for example, ordinary Portland cement, early-strength Portland cement, blast furnace cement, silica cement, and fly ash cement can be used. Aluminum can be used as the foaming agent.
製造目的物がケイカル板である場合、含水組成物は、さらに、繊維状補強材を含む。繊維状補強材は、有機物であってもよいし、無機物であってもよい。有機物の繊維状補強材の例としては、セルロース繊維、ポリプロピレン繊維、アラミド繊維等を挙げることができる。無機物の繊維補強材としては、ガラス繊維、炭素繊維、炭化ケイ素繊維、ステンレス繊維、アルミニウム繊維を挙げることができる。 When the production object is a caucal plate, the hydrous composition further comprises a fibrous reinforcing material. The fibrous reinforcing material may be an organic substance or an inorganic substance. Examples of the fibrous reinforcing material of the organic substance include cellulose fibers, polypropylene fibers, aramid fibers and the like. Examples of the inorganic fiber reinforcing material include glass fiber, carbon fiber, silicon carbide fiber, stainless steel fiber, and aluminum fiber.
含水組成物に含まれる固形分と水分の含有量は、固形分に対する水分の比(水分/固形分比)として、質量比で1以上50以下の範囲内にあることが好ましい。水分/固形分比は、2以上40以下であることが特に好ましい。 The content of solid content and water content contained in the water-containing composition is preferably in the range of 1 or more and 50 or less in terms of mass ratio as the ratio of water content to solid content (moisture / solid content ratio). The water / solid content ratio is particularly preferably 2 or more and 40 or less.
水熱処理工程S02では、含水組成物を水熱処理して、水熱合成反応させることにより、トバモライトを生成させる工程である。
水熱処理は、含水組成物をオートクレーブに入れ、160℃以上180℃以下の温度で加熱することによって行う。加熱温度は、好ましくは162℃以上178℃以下の範囲内であり、特に好ましくは165℃以上175℃以下の範囲内である。水熱処理は、含水組成物を撹拌しながら行うことが好ましい。水熱処理の時間は、水熱処理する含水組成物の量、オートクレーブの容量、加熱温度等の条件によって変動するが、一般に1時間以上40時間以下の範囲内、好ましくは2時間以上20時間以下の範囲内である。
The hydrothermal treatment step S02 is a step of hydrothermally heat-treating the hydrous composition and causing a hydrothermal synthesis reaction to produce tovamorite.
The hydrothermal treatment is carried out by placing the hydrous composition in an autoclave and heating it at a temperature of 160 ° C. or higher and 180 ° C. or lower. The heating temperature is preferably in the range of 162 ° C. or higher and 178 ° C. or lower, and particularly preferably in the range of 165 ° C. or higher and 175 ° C. or lower. The hydrothermal treatment is preferably performed while stirring the hydrous composition. The time of the hydrothermal treatment varies depending on the conditions such as the amount of the hydrous composition to be hydrothermally treated, the capacity of the autoclave, the heating temperature, etc., but is generally in the range of 1 hour or more and 40 hours or less, preferably 2 hours or more and 20 hours or less. Inside.
製造目的物がALCやケイカル板である場合は、含水組成物を型枠に収容した状態で、オートクレーブに入れて、水熱処理を行うことが好ましい。製造目的物がALCである場合は、水熱処理によって発泡剤が発泡してALCが生成する。 When the product to be produced is an ALC or a calcareous plate, it is preferable to put the water-containing composition in an autoclave in a state of being housed in a mold and perform hydrothermal treatment. When the product to be manufactured is ALC, the foaming agent is foamed by hydrothermal treatment to produce ALC.
ろ過工程S03は、水熱処理後の含水組成物を固液分離して、含水組成物から含水固形物(ケーキ)を回収する工程である。固液分離法としては、例えば、自然ろ過、減圧ろ過、加圧ろ過、遠心分離を用いることができる。ろ過工程の前に、含水組成物を水洗して、含水組成物中の硫酸塩を除去してもよい。 The filtration step S03 is a step of solid-liquid separating the hydrous composition after the hydrothermal treatment and recovering the hydrous solid matter (cake) from the hydrous composition. As the solid-liquid separation method, for example, natural filtration, vacuum filtration, pressure filtration, and centrifugation can be used. Prior to the filtration step, the hydrous composition may be washed with water to remove sulfates in the hydrous composition.
乾燥工程S04は、含水固形物を乾燥することによって、トバモライト含有建材を生成させる工程である。乾燥方法としては、例えば、自然乾燥、加熱乾燥、減圧乾燥を用いることができる。 The drying step S04 is a step of producing a tovamorite-containing building material by drying the hydrous solid matter. As the drying method, for example, natural drying, heat drying, and vacuum drying can be used.
本実施形態の製造方法によれば、含水組成物が、硫酸リチウム、硫酸ナトリウム、硫酸マグネシウム、硫酸亜鉛及び硫酸アンモニウムからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種の硫酸塩を所定の量で含む。このため、160℃以上180℃以下と比較的低温度で水熱合成反応させることができ、かつ炭酸化が起こりにくいトバモライトを得ることが可能となる。本実施形態の製造方法によって、炭酸化が起こりにくいトバモライトを得られる理由としては、硫酸塩として、硫酸リチウム、硫酸ナトリウム、硫酸マグネシウム、硫酸亜鉛などの硫酸金属塩を用いた場合は、これらの硫酸金属塩中の金属元素がトバモライトに取り込まれるためであると考えられる。これらの金属元素による効果は後述する。また、硫酸塩として、硫酸アンモニウムを用いた場合は、アンモニウムイオンがトバモライトの結晶性を向上させ、トバモライト結晶内のCaO層とSiO層との層間に配置された層間カルシウムが炭酸化しにくくなるためであると考えられる。 According to the production method of the present embodiment, the hydrous composition contains at least one sulfate selected from the group consisting of lithium sulfate, sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate and ammonium sulfate in a predetermined amount. Therefore, it is possible to obtain hydrothermal synthesis reaction at a relatively low temperature of 160 ° C. or higher and 180 ° C. or lower, and to obtain tovamorite in which carbonation is unlikely to occur. The reason why tovamorite, which is less likely to be carbonated, can be obtained by the production method of the present embodiment is that when metal sulfates such as lithium sulfate, sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate and zinc sulfate are used as sulfates, these sulfates are used. It is considered that this is because the metal element in the metal salt is incorporated into tovamorite. The effects of these metal elements will be described later. Further, when ammonium sulfate is used as the sulfate, ammonium ions improve the crystallinity of tovamorite, and the interlaminar calcium arranged between the CaO layer and the SiO layer in the tovamorite crystal is less likely to be carbonated. it is conceivable that.
また、本実施形態の製造方法において、含水組成物に含まれる二酸化ケイ素に対するカルシウム化合物の比(カルシウム化合物/二酸化ケイ素比)が、モル比で0.5以上2.0以下の範囲内にある場合は、トバモライトをより安定して生成させることができる。
さらに、本実施形態の製造方法において、含水組成物に含まれる固形分に対する水分の比(水分/固形分比)が、質量比で1以上50以下の範囲内にある場合は、水熱合成反応によりトバモライトをより効率よく生成させることができる。
Further, in the production method of the present embodiment, the ratio of the calcium compound to the silicon dioxide contained in the hydrous composition (calcium compound / silicon dioxide ratio) is in the range of 0.5 or more and 2.0 or less in terms of molar ratio. Can generate tobamolite more stably.
Further, in the production method of the present embodiment, when the ratio of water content (moisture / solid content ratio) to the solid content contained in the hydrous composition is in the range of 1 or more and 50 or less in terms of mass ratio, a hydrothermal synthesis reaction is carried out. Therefore, tobamolite can be generated more efficiently.
[トモバライト]
図2は、トバモライトの結晶構造を示す概念図である。図2に示すように、トバモライトは、Ca−Oの8面体配位であるCaO八面体が頂点を共有して連結したCaO層と、Si−Oの4面体配位であるSiO4面体が頂点を共有して連結したSiO層とを含む層状の結晶構造を有する。CaO層とSiO層との層間にはカルシウムイオン(層間カルシウム)が配置されている。この層間カルシウムが、外部に溶出して炭酸化する。
[Tomobarite]
FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing the crystal structure of tovamorite. As shown in FIG. 2, in tovamorite, the CaO layer in which the CaO octahedron, which is the octahedral configuration of Ca—O, is connected by sharing the apex, and the SiO tetrahedron, which is the tetrahedral coordination of Si—O, have the apex. It has a layered crystal structure including a shared and connected SiO layer. Calcium ions (interlayer calcium) are arranged between the CaO layer and the SiO layer. This interlayer calcium elutes to the outside and carbonates.
本実施形態のトバモライトは、上述の製造方法によって製造される。本実施形態のトバモライトは、含水組成物に添加された硫酸金属塩に含まれるリチウム、ナトリウム、マグネシウム、亜鉛からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種の金属元素を含む。これら金属元素の含有量は、カルシウムとケイ素の合計モル数を0.18molとしたときの金属元素のモル数として、金属元素がリチウムである場合は、1.14mmol以上2.86mmol以下の範囲内にあり、好ましくは1.14mmol以上1.72mmol以下の範囲内である。金属元素がナトリウムである場合は、1.14mmol以上2.30mmol以下の範囲内にあり、好ましくは1.14mmol以上1.72mmol以下である。金属元素がマグネシウムである場合は、0.57mmol以上2.30mmol以下の範囲内にあり、好ましくは0.57mmol以上1.71mmol以下の範囲内である。金属元素が亜鉛の場合は、0.57mmol以上1.43mmol以下の範囲内にあり、好ましくは0.70mmol以上1.43mmol以下の範囲内である。 The tovamorite of the present embodiment is produced by the above-mentioned production method. The tovamorite of the present embodiment contains at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, magnesium and zinc contained in the metal sulfate added to the hydrous composition. The content of these metal elements is within the range of 1.14 mmol or more and 2.86 mmol or less when the metal element is lithium, as the number of moles of the metal element when the total number of moles of calcium and silicon is 0.18 mol. It is preferably in the range of 1.14 mmol or more and 1.72 mmol or less. When the metal element is sodium, it is in the range of 1.14 mmol or more and 2.30 mmol or less, preferably 1.14 mmol or more and 1.72 mmol or less. When the metal element is magnesium, it is in the range of 0.57 mmol or more and 2.30 mmol or less, preferably in the range of 0.57 mmol or more and 1.71 mmol or less. When the metal element is zinc, it is in the range of 0.57 mmol or more and 1.43 mmol or less, preferably 0.70 mmol or more and 1.43 mmol or less.
本実施形態のトバモライトにおいて、上記の金属元素は、トバモライトの層間カルシウムの一部に置換されていると考えられる。上記の金属元素は、イオン半径がカルシウムよりも小さい。このため、層間カルシウムの一部が上記の金属元素に置換されることによって、CaO層とSiO層との層間の距離が短くなり、層間カルシウムが外部に溶出しにくくなる。このため、本実施形態のトバモライトは、長期間にわたって炭酸化が起こりにくい。 In the tobamolite of the present embodiment, it is considered that the above metal element is replaced with a part of the interlayer calcium of the tobamolite. The above metal elements have an ionic radius smaller than that of calcium. Therefore, by substituting a part of the interlayer calcium with the above-mentioned metal element, the distance between the layers of the CaO layer and the SiO layer is shortened, and the interlayer calcium is less likely to elute to the outside. Therefore, the tobamolite of the present embodiment is unlikely to undergo carbonation for a long period of time.
[トモバライト含有建材]
本実施形態のトモバライト含有建材は、上述のトバモライトもしくは上述のトバモライトを含む組成物である。
トバモライトは、例えば、セメントと、砂と、水とを混合して、ペースト状組成物とすることによって、建築物の内壁用塗料や外壁用塗料として利用することができる。
[Building materials containing tomovalite]
The tomobarite-containing building material of the present embodiment is the above-mentioned tovamolite or a composition containing the above-mentioned tomovalite.
Tobamolite can be used as a paint for an inner wall or a paint for an outer wall of a building by, for example, mixing cement, sand, and water to form a paste-like composition.
トバモライトを含む組成物としては、例えば、ALC、ケイカル板が挙げられる。
ALCは、軽量で断熱性が高いことから、建築物の外壁材として利用される。ALCは、トバモライトとセメントを含む発泡体である。ケイカル板は、耐火性が高いことから、建築物の内壁材や外壁材として利用されている。ケイカル板はトバモライトと繊維状補強材とを含む組成物である。
Examples of the composition containing tovamorite include ALC and a chemical plate.
ALC is used as an outer wall material for buildings because it is lightweight and has high heat insulating properties. ALC is a foam containing tovamorite and cement. Since the siding board has high fire resistance, it is used as an inner wall material and an outer wall material of a building. The caical plate is a composition containing tovamorite and a fibrous reinforcing material.
本実施形態のトモバライト含有建材は、上述のトバモライトを含むため、トバモライトの炭酸化による変質が起こりにくい。このため、本実施形態のトモバライト含有建材は、人目につきやすい建築物の内壁材や外壁材の材料として有用である。 Since the tomobarite-containing building material of the present embodiment contains the above-mentioned tomobarite, deterioration due to carbonation of tomobarite is unlikely to occur. Therefore, the tomobarite-containing building material of the present embodiment is useful as a material for an inner wall material or an outer wall material of a building that is easily noticeable.
[実験例1]
水酸化カルシウムと、二酸化ケイ素(粒径:0.8μm)と、純水とを混合して懸濁液を作製した。懸濁液に含まれる二酸化ケイ素に対する水酸化カルシウムの比(水酸化カルシウム/二酸化ケイ素比)はモル比で0.83とし、固形分に対する水分の比(水分/固形分比)は質量比で40とした。得られた懸濁液に、硫酸塩として硫酸リチウムを添加し、混合して含水組成物を作製した。硫酸リチウムの添加量は、水酸化カルシウムと二酸化ケイ素の合計モル数を0.18molとしたときの硫酸リチウムのモル数として、0.57mmol、0.86mmol、1.15mmol、1.43mmol、1.71mmol、2.30mmolとなる量とした。こうして、6種の含水組成物を作製した。
[Experimental Example 1]
A suspension was prepared by mixing calcium hydroxide, silicon dioxide (particle size: 0.8 μm), and pure water. The ratio of calcium hydroxide to silicon dioxide (calcium hydroxide / silicon dioxide ratio) contained in the suspension is 0.83 in molar ratio, and the ratio of water to solid content (moisture / solid content ratio) is 40 by mass ratio. And said. Lithium sulfate was added as a sulfate to the obtained suspension and mixed to prepare a hydrous composition. The amount of lithium sulfate added is 0.57 mmol, 0.86 mmol, 1.15 mmol, 1.43 mmol, 1. The amount was 71 mmol and 2.30 mmol. In this way, 6 kinds of water-containing compositions were prepared.
得られた含水組成物をオートクレーブに入れ、420rpmの撹拌速度で撹拌しながら、170℃の温度で水熱処理を5時間行った。水熱処理後の含水組成物を純水で洗浄し、次いでアセトンで洗浄した後、ろ過した。ろ過により回収した含水固形物を100℃の温度で加熱乾燥して、ケイ酸カルシウム水和物を得た。 The obtained hydrous composition was placed in an autoclave and subjected to hydrothermal treatment at a temperature of 170 ° C. for 5 hours while stirring at a stirring speed of 420 rpm. The hydrous composition after the hydrothermal treatment was washed with pure water, then with acetone, and then filtered. The hydrous solids recovered by filtration were heated and dried at a temperature of 100 ° C. to obtain calcium silicate hydrate.
[実験例2]
硫酸塩として、硫酸リチウムの代わりに、硫酸ナトリウムを用いたこと以外は、実験例1と同様にしてケイ酸カルシウム水和物を得た。
[Experimental Example 2]
Calcium silicate hydrate was obtained in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 except that sodium sulfate was used as the sulfate instead of lithium sulfate.
[実験例3]
硫酸塩として、硫酸リチウムの代わりに、硫酸マグネシウムを用いたこと以外は、実験例1と同様にしてケイ酸カルシウム水和物を得た。
[Experimental Example 3]
Calcium silicate hydrate was obtained in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 except that magnesium sulfate was used as the sulfate instead of lithium sulfate.
[実験例4]
硫酸塩として、硫酸リチウムの代わりに、硫酸亜鉛を用いた。また、硫酸亜鉛の添加量は、水酸化カルシウムと二酸化ケイ素の合計モル数を0.18molとしたときの硫酸亜鉛のモル数が0.70mmol、0.86mmol、1.00mmol、1.43mmol、1.80mmol、2.30mmolとなる量として、6種の含水組成物を作製した。以上のこと以外は、実験例1と同様にしてケイ酸カルシウム水和物を得た。
[Experimental Example 4]
As the sulfate, zinc sulfate was used instead of lithium sulfate. The amount of zinc sulfate added is 0.70 mmol, 0.86 mmol, 1.00 mmol, 1.43 mmol, 1 when the total number of moles of calcium hydroxide and silicon dioxide is 0.18 mol. Six kinds of hydrous compositions were prepared in an amount of .80 mmol and 2.30 mmol. Except for the above, calcium silicate hydrate was obtained in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1.
[実験例5]
硫酸塩として、硫酸リチウムの代わりに、硫酸アンモニウムを用いた。硫酸アンモニウムの添加量は、水酸化カルシウムと二酸化ケイ素の合計モル数を0.18molとしたときの硫酸アンモニウムのモル数が0.86mmol、1.43mmol、2.30mmolとなる量として、3種の含水組成物を作製した。以上のこと以外は、実験例1と同様にしてケイ酸カルシウム水和物を得た。
[Experimental Example 5]
Ammonium sulfate was used as the sulfate instead of lithium sulfate. The amount of ammonium sulfate added is three types of water-containing compositions, with the number of moles of ammonium sulfate being 0.86 mmol, 1.43 mmol, and 2.30 mmol when the total number of moles of calcium hydroxide and silicon dioxide is 0.18 mol. I made a thing. Except for the above, calcium silicate hydrate was obtained in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1.
[比較実験例1]
硫酸塩として、硫酸リチウムの代わりに、硫酸カルシウムを用いたこと以外は、実験例1と同様にしてケイ酸カルシウム水和物を得た。
[Comparative Experiment Example 1]
Calcium silicate hydrate was obtained in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 except that calcium sulfate was used as the sulfate instead of lithium sulfate.
[比較実験例2]
硫酸塩として、硫酸リチウムの代わりに、硫酸カリウムを用いたこと以外は、実験例1と同様にしてケイ酸カルシウム水和物を得た。
[Comparative Experiment Example 2]
Calcium silicate hydrate was obtained in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 except that potassium sulfate was used as the sulfate instead of lithium sulfate.
[比較実験例3]
硫酸塩として、硫酸リチウムの代わりに、硫酸ルビジウムを用いたこと以外は、実験例1と同様にしてケイ酸カルシウム水和物を得た。
[Comparative Experiment Example 3]
A calcium silicate hydrate was obtained in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 except that rubidium sulfate was used as the sulfate instead of lithium sulfate.
[比較実験例4]
硫酸塩として、硫酸リチウムの代わりに、硫酸ストロンチウムを用いたこと以外は、実験例1と同様にしてケイ酸カルシウム水和物を得た。
[Comparative Experiment Example 4]
Calcium silicate hydrate was obtained in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 except that strontium sulfate was used as the sulfate instead of lithium sulfate.
[評価]
実験例1〜5及び比較実験例1〜4で得られケイ酸カルシウム水和物について、X線回折パターン、粒子形状、組成、炭酸化率を下記のようにして評価した。
[Evaluation]
The X-ray diffraction pattern, particle shape, composition, and carbonation rate of the calcium silicate hydrates obtained in Experimental Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Experimental Examples 1 to 4 were evaluated as follows.
(1)X線回折パターン
X線回折パターンの測定は、Cu−Kα線を用いて行った。
図3に、実験例1〜5及び比較実験例1〜4で作製したケイ酸カルシウム水和物のX線回折パターンを示す。なお、図3に示すX線回折パターンは、硫酸塩添加量が1.43mmolの条件で作製したケイ酸カルシウム水和物のX線回折パターンである。
図3のX線回折パターンの測定結果から、実験例1〜5及び比較実験例1、2、4で作製したケイ酸カルシウム水和物はいずれもトモバライトであることが確認された。一方、硫酸ルビジウムを用いた比較実験例3で作製したケイ酸カルシウム水和物は低結晶性CSH(ケイ酸カルシウム水和物)であった。なお、硫酸塩添加量が1.43mmolの以外の条件で作製したケイ酸カルシウム水和物について、X線回折パターンを測定した結果、実験例1〜5及び比較実験例1、2、4では硫酸塩の添加量に関わらず、作製したケイ酸カルシウム水和物は、全てトモバライトであることが確認された。一方、比較実験例3では、硫酸ルビジウムの添加量が少ないものはトバモライト結晶が生成しており、硫酸ルビジウムの添加量の増加に伴って、トバモライトの結晶性が低下することが確認された。
(1) X-ray diffraction pattern The X-ray diffraction pattern was measured using Cu-Kα rays.
FIG. 3 shows the X-ray diffraction patterns of the calcium silicate hydrates prepared in Experimental Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Experimental Examples 1 to 4. The X-ray diffraction pattern shown in FIG. 3 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of calcium silicate hydrate prepared under the condition that the amount of sulfate added is 1.43 mmol.
From the measurement results of the X-ray diffraction pattern in FIG. 3, it was confirmed that the calcium silicate hydrates prepared in Experimental Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Experimental Examples 1, 2 and 4 were all tomovalite. On the other hand, the calcium silicate hydrate prepared in Comparative Experimental Example 3 using rubidium sulfate was low crystalline CSH (calcium silicate hydrate). As a result of measuring the X-ray diffraction pattern of calcium silicate hydrate prepared under conditions other than the amount of sulfate added 1.43 mmol, sulfuric acid was found in Experimental Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Experimental Examples 1, 2 and 4. It was confirmed that all the calcium silicate hydrates produced were tomovalite regardless of the amount of salt added. On the other hand, in Comparative Experimental Example 3, it was confirmed that tobamorite crystals were produced when the amount of rubidium sulfate added was small, and that the crystallinity of tovamorite decreased as the amount of rubidium sulfate added increased.
(2)粒子形状
粒子形状は、SEM(走査型電子顕微鏡)を用いて観察した。図4〜8に、実験例1〜5で作製したケイ酸カルシウム水和物のSEM写真を、図9に比較実験例1で作製したケイ酸カルシウム水和物のSEM写真を示す。なお、SEM写真は、硫酸塩添加量が1.43mmolの条件で作製したケイ酸カルシウム水和物のSEM写真である。
図4〜9のSEM写真から、実験例1〜5及び比較実験例1で作製したケイ酸カルシウム水和物は、いずれも鱗片状粒子を形成していることが確認された。
(2) Particle shape The particle shape was observed using an SEM (scanning electron microscope). 4 to 8 show SEM photographs of the calcium silicate hydrate prepared in Experimental Examples 1 to 5, and FIG. 9 shows SEM photographs of the calcium silicate hydrate prepared in Comparative Experimental Example 1. The SEM photograph is an SEM photograph of calcium silicate hydrate prepared under the condition that the amount of sulfate added is 1.43 mmol.
From the SEM photographs of FIGS. 4 to 9, it was confirmed that the calcium silicate hydrates prepared in Experimental Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Experimental Example 1 all formed scaly particles.
(3)組成
組成は、EDX(エネルギー分散型X線分析)を用いて分析した。
組成分析の結果、実験例1〜5及び比較実験例1〜4で作製したケイ酸カルシウム水和物は、いずれも硫黄が検出されなかった。この結果から、含水組成物が硫酸塩を含んでいても、ケイ酸カルシウム水和物には硫酸イオンが混入しにくいことが確認された。また、硫酸金属塩を用いた実験例1〜4及び比較実験例1〜4で作製したケイ酸カルシウム水和物は、硫酸金属塩に含まれる金属成分の存在は確認できた。
(3) Composition The composition was analyzed using EDX (Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis).
As a result of composition analysis, sulfur was not detected in any of the calcium silicate hydrates prepared in Experimental Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Experimental Examples 1 to 4. From this result, it was confirmed that sulfate ions are less likely to be mixed in the calcium silicate hydrate even if the hydrous composition contains sulfate. In addition, the presence of metal components contained in the metal sulfate was confirmed in the calcium silicate hydrates prepared in Experimental Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Experimental Examples 1 to 4 using the metal sulfate.
(4)炭酸化率
炭酸化率は、次のようにして測定した。
300cm3の純水に、ケイ酸カルシウム水和物を加えて、濃度が1質量%のケイ酸カルシウム水和物懸濁液を調製する。得られたケイ酸カルシウム水和物懸濁液を、30℃のウォータバス中で、撹拌しながら、その懸濁液にCO2−N2混合ガス(CO2濃度:9.9体積%)を140cm3/分の流量で1時間吹き込んで、ケイ酸カルシウム水和物を炭酸化させる。炭酸化させたケイ酸カルシウム水和物を、ろ過により、ケイ酸カルシウム水和物懸濁液から回収し、乾燥する。乾燥したケイ酸カルシウム水和物を、熱重量示差熱分析(TG−DTA)を行って、650〜850℃の間での重量減少量を、ケイ酸カルシウム水和物の脱炭酸によるものとして、下記の式より炭酸化率を算出する。
炭酸化率(%)={(650℃でのケイ酸カルシウム水和物の重量−850℃でのケイ酸カルシウム水和物の重量)/650℃でのケイ酸カルシウム水和物の重量}×100
(4) Carbonation rate The carbonation rate was measured as follows.
Calcium silicate hydrate is added to 300 cm 3 of pure water to prepare a calcium silicate hydrate suspension having a concentration of 1% by mass. While stirring the obtained calcium silicate hydrate suspension in a water bath at 30 ° C., a CO 2- N 2 mixed gas (CO 2 concentration: 9.9% by volume) was added to the suspension. The calcium silicate hydrate is carbonated by blowing at a flow rate of 140 cm 3 / min for 1 hour. The carbonated calcium silicate hydrate is collected from the calcium silicate hydrate suspension by filtration and dried. The dried calcium silicate hydrate was subjected to thermogravimetric differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), and the weight loss between 650 and 850 ° C. was determined by decarbonation of the calcium silicate hydrate. The carbonation rate is calculated from the following formula.
Carbonation rate (%) = {(Weight of calcium silicate hydrate at 650 ° C) / Weight of calcium silicate hydrate at 650 ° C} × 100
炭酸化率の測定結果を、ケイ酸カルシウム水和物の作製で用いた硫酸塩の種類と硫酸塩中の金属のイオン半径と共に、下記の表1に示す。また、実験例1〜4及び比較実験例1〜4で用いた硫酸塩中の金属のイオン半径と、その硫酸塩を用いて作製したケイ酸カルシウム水和物の炭酸化率との関係を図10に示す。なお、図10のケイ酸カルシウム水和物の炭酸化率は、表1に示す炭酸化率の最小値である。 The measurement results of the carbonation rate are shown in Table 1 below together with the type of sulfate used in the preparation of calcium silicate hydrate and the ionic radius of the metal in the sulfate. Further, the relationship between the ionic radius of the metal in the sulfate used in Experimental Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Experimental Examples 1 to 4 and the carbonation rate of the calcium silicate hydrate prepared using the sulfate is shown in the figure. Shown in 10. The carbonation rate of the calcium silicate hydrate in FIG. 10 is the minimum value of the carbonation rate shown in Table 1.
表1の結果から、含水組成物が、カルシウム化合物と二酸化ケイ素の合計モル数を0.18molとしたときに、硫酸リチウムを0.57mmol以上1.43mmol以下の範囲内で含む実験例1、硫酸ナトリウムを0.57mmol以上1.15mmol以下の範囲内で含む実験例2、硫酸マグネシウムを0.57mmol以上2.30mmol以下の範囲内で含む実験例3、硫酸亜鉛を0.57mmol以上1.43mmol以下の範囲内で含む実験例4、硫酸アンモニウムを0.57mmol以上2.30mmol以下の範囲内で含む実験例5は、含水組成物が硫酸カルシウムを含む比較実験例1と比較して、炭酸化率が大きく低下することがわかる。また、図10のグラフから炭酸化率を低下させる効果は、イオン半径が小さい金属元素の方が高いことがわかる。これは、イオン半径が小さい金属元素が、層間カルシウムと置換することによって、CaO層とSiO層との層間の距離が短くなり、層間カルシウムが外部に溶出しにくくなるためと考えられる。 From the results in Table 1, when the total number of moles of the calcium compound and silicon dioxide is 0.18 mol, the water-containing composition contains lithium sulfate in the range of 0.57 mmol or more and 1.43 mmol or less. Experimental Example 2 containing sodium in the range of 0.57 mmol or more and 1.15 mmol or less, Experimental Example 3 containing magnesium sulfate in the range of 0.57 mmol or more and 2.30 mmol or less, zinc sulfate in the range of 0.57 mmol or more and 1.43 mmol or less Experimental Example 4 containing ammonium sulfate in the range of 0.57 mmol or more and 2.30 mmol or less has a higher carbonation rate than Comparative Experimental Example 1 in which the hydrous composition contains calcium sulfate. It can be seen that there is a large decrease. Further, from the graph of FIG. 10, it can be seen that the effect of lowering the carbonation rate is higher for the metal element having a smaller ionic radius. It is considered that this is because the metal element having a small ionic radius replaces the interlayer calcium, so that the distance between the layers of the CaO layer and the SiO layer is shortened, and the interlayer calcium is less likely to elute to the outside.
本発明の製造方法で得られるトバモライト含有建材は、長期間にわたって炭酸化が起こりにくく、変質しにくい。よって、ALCやケイカル板などの内壁材や外壁材に用いられる材料の原料として有用である。また、本発明の製造方法によれば、160℃以上180℃以下と比較的低温度での水熱合成反応によって、トバモライトを生成させることができるので、製造コストを安価にできる。 The tovamorite-containing building material obtained by the production method of the present invention is less likely to undergo carbonation over a long period of time and is less likely to deteriorate in quality. Therefore, it is useful as a raw material for materials used for inner wall materials and outer wall materials such as ALC and siding boards. Further, according to the production method of the present invention, tobamolite can be produced by a hydrothermal synthesis reaction at a relatively low temperature of 160 ° C. or higher and 180 ° C. or lower, so that the production cost can be reduced.
Claims (5)
前記含水組成物を、160℃以上180℃以下の温度で水熱合成反応させる工程と、を有するトバモライト含有建材の製造方法。 A calcium compound containing at least one of calcium hydroxide and calcium oxide, silicon dioxide, at least one sulfate selected from the group consisting of lithium sulfate, sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate and ammonium sulfate, and water. When the total number of moles of the calcium compound and the silicon dioxide is 0.18 mol, the number of moles of the sulfate is 0.57 mmol or more and 1.43 mmol or less when the sulfate is the lithium sulfate. When the sulfate is sodium sulfate, it is in the range of 0.57 mmol or more and 1.15 mmol or less, and when the sulfate is magnesium sulfate, it is 0.57 mmol or more and 2.30 mmol or less. When the sulfate is zinc sulfate, it is in the range of 0.57 mmol or more and 1.43 mmol or less, and when the sulfate is ammonium sulfate, it is 0.57 mmol or more and 2.30 mmol or less. The process of preparing a hydrous composition within the range and
A method for producing a tovamorite-containing building material, which comprises a step of subjecting the hydrous composition to a hydrothermal synthesis reaction at a temperature of 160 ° C. or higher and 180 ° C. or lower.
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US6033591A (en) * | 1997-02-26 | 2000-03-07 | E. Schwenk Dammtechnik Gmbh & Co. | Cellular thermal insulating material based on diatomaceous earth and method for its production |
JP2015086107A (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2015-05-07 | 学校法人日本大学 | Method for manufacturing calcium silicate hydrate |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN113526937A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-10-22 | 武汉理工大学 | Method for improving strength of calcium hydroxide carbonized hardened body and product |
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