JP2021073086A - Feeding apparatus and wood crushing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a feeding apparatus that constitute a wood crushing apparatus capable of making crushed bodies even in size to a certain range, and a wood crushing apparatus comprising the same.SOLUTION: A wood crushing apparatus 30 comprises: a wood insertion part 40 which has a crushing unit and a feed rotor 36 being arranged at a wood feed opening 34a of the crushing unit for pushing wood into the crushing unit, and includes an insertion path R connecting with the wood feed opening and a wall surface enclosing a circumference of the insertion path R; an upstream-side rotor 48 which is arranged halfway in the wood insertion part 40, and feeds the wood toward the feed rotor 36 while holding the wood with a path surface of the insertion path R, wherein when the wood pushed into the crushing unit with the upstream-side rotor 48 and the feed rotor 36 moves in a direction crossing a longitudinal direction on reacting in crushing, the wood abuts on the wall surface of the wood insertion part 40 to be restricted from moving.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

The present invention relates to a wood crushing device, particularly a wood crushing device for crushing a long piece of wood.

In recent years, attempts have been made to reduce the emission of carbon dioxide, which is one of the greenhouse gases, by using long timber such as felled bamboo as fuel for thermal power generation. As described above, when wood such as bamboo is used as fuel for thermal power generation or the like, it is necessary to prepare the wood as a chip-shaped crushed material in advance.

Patent Document 1 discloses a wood crushing device in which a bamboo material carried to a crushing rotor by a conveyor is pressed against the crushing rotor in a state of being sandwiched between the conveyor and the feeding device to crush the wood into chips.

Japanese Patent No. 4294717

Although the wood crushing device described in Patent Document 1 can crush long wood such as bamboo into chips, the size of the chip-shaped crushed material is large because the long wood is violent due to the reaction during crushing. There is a problem that the chips are uneven. If a crushed material that is too large is mixed in the crushed material, there is a risk that the transportation will be hindered when the crushed material is put into the combustion furnace by a belt conveyor or the like. On the contrary, if the crushed material is too fine, there is a problem that the crushed material burns out in a short time and it becomes difficult to burn it stably.

An object of the present invention is to provide a wood crushing device capable of adjusting the size of a crushed material to a certain range, and a vehicle equipped with the wood crushing device.

The wood crushing device of the present invention is a wood crushing device having a crushing unit for crushing long wood into chips and a feed rotor arranged at a wood input port of the crushing unit and pushing the wood into the crushing unit. , A wood insertion section that includes an insertion path that connects to the wood inlet and a wall surface that surrounds the insertion path, and a feed rotor that is placed in the middle of the wood insertion section and sandwiches wood between the road surface of the insertion path. It is equipped with an upstream rotor that feeds wood toward the direction, and when the wood pushed into the crushing unit by the upstream rotor and feed rotor moves in a direction that intersects the longitudinal direction due to the reaction during crushing, the wall surface of the wood insertion portion. The movement of the wood is restricted by the contact of the wood with the wood.

In the wood crushing apparatus of the present invention, the wood insertion portion may be formed in a tubular shape by one or a plurality of guide members.

In the wood crushing apparatus of the present invention, the upstream rotor may be movably supported and have a function of reducing movement in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the wood.

The vehicle of the present invention includes a wood crushing device according to any of the above inventions, a vehicle body equipped with the wood crushing device, a storage position for accommodating the wood crushing device in the vehicle body, and a usage position for using the wood crushing device. It is provided with a support portion for supporting the wood crushing device on the vehicle body so as to be movable between the two.

According to the wood crushing device and the vehicle of the present invention, even if the long wood moves in the direction intersecting the longitudinal direction due to the reaction at the time of crushing, the long wood comes into contact with the wall surface of the wood input portion and the long wood moves. Is suppressed. Therefore, the wood can be crushed into chips while suppressing the movement of the wood due to the reaction during crushing. As a result, the size of the crushed material can be made uniform in a certain range.

It is a side view of the vehicle including a partially enlarged view of the rear part of the vehicle to which the wood crushing device according to one embodiment of the present invention is applied. It is a figure which shows the state seen from the rear part of the vehicle including the partially enlarged view of the wood crusher installed in the rear part of the vehicle shown in FIG. FIG. 3A is a diagram showing a configuration of a wood crusher in a top view. FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA shown in FIG. 3A. FIG. 3C is a diagram showing a housed state of the wood crushing device. FIG. 4A shows a state in which the long bamboo material inserted into the wood crushing device is sent out to the feed rotor by the upstream rotor. FIG. 4B is a diagram showing a state in which the tip of a long piece of wood is crushed into chips by a crushing rotor. FIG. 4C is a diagram showing a state in which bamboo crushed by a crushing rotor jumps up due to a reaction. FIG. 5A is a diagram showing a side configuration of a modified example of the wood crushing device. FIG. 5B is a diagram showing the configuration of the wood insertion portion as seen from the C direction shown in FIG. 5A. It is a figure which shows the structure of the modification of the upstream rotor in a wood crusher.

Hereinafter, a vehicle provided with a wood crushing device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the vehicle 10 includes a driver's seat cabin 12, a packing box 14 arranged at the rear of the driver's seat cabin 12 for loading crushed material, and wood crushing for crushing long timber. The device 30 is provided. Here, long wood includes bamboo.

The driver's seat cabin 12 and the packing box 14 are connected and fixed to each other via the chassis 16. The packing box 14 is provided with an opening 14a at the rear end, and a wood crushing device 30 is mounted at the center of the opening 14a. The wood crushing device 30 is rotatably attached to a use position shown by a solid line and a storage position shown by a broken line in FIG. Further, a storage drum (not shown) is built in the back side of the wood crushing device 30 in the packing box 14, and the crushed material is sequentially conveyed to the bottom surface side of the storage drum, that is, to the front of the vehicle by rotating the storage drum. It is configured to do. The wood crushing device 30 may be mounted on a loading platform fixed to the vehicle body, for example.

Further, the packing box 14 is provided with an actuating device 18 for operating the wood crushing device 30 on the rear side surface, and the wood crushing device 30 can be actuated by operating the actuating device 18.

Subsequently, the configuration of the wood crushing apparatus 30 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3A is a view showing the overall configuration of the wood crushing device 30 in a top view, and FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA shown in FIG. 3A. Further, FIG. 3C is a diagram showing a housed state of the wood crushing device 30.

As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the wood crushing device 30 includes a crushing unit 31 for crushing long wood and a feed rotor 36 for feeding long wood to the crushing unit 31.

As shown in FIG. 3B, the crushing unit 31 includes a crushing rotor 32 that rotates in the rotation direction B, and a shatterproof cover 34 that covers the outer periphery of the crushing rotor 32. The crushing rotor 32 includes a rotor main body 32a formed in a substantially columnar shape and a pair of crushing blades 33a and 33b fixed to the rotor main body 32a.

The crushing blade 33a is fixed to the rotor body 32a with bolts while being sandwiched between the fixing blocks BL. The crushing blade 33b is also fixed to the rotor main body 32a by the same configuration. The crushing blades 33a and 33b are arranged so that the cutting edge slightly protrudes from the peripheral surface of the rotor main body 32a. The rotor body 32a is rotationally driven by a motor M3 attached to one end.

The shatterproof cover 34 is installed so as to cover the outer peripheral surface of the rotor main body 32a, and has a role of preventing the shattered material from scattering. Further, the shatterproof cover 34 is provided with a wood input port 34a communicating with the insertion path R.

The feed rotor 36 is arranged immediately after the crushing rotor 32, that is, on the upstream side in the feeding direction of the long wood, and is rotationally driven in the same direction as the crushing rotor 32 by the drive motor M1 attached to one end. The feed rotor 36 is pivotally supported by a support shaft 31a provided at the front end of the crushing unit 31 via a pair of curved arms 38a and 38b. With this configuration, the feed rotor 36 is rotatably supported in the vertical direction.

As shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b), the feed rotor 36 has plate-shaped blades arranged at equal intervals around the central axis and having a serrated tip in the radial direction. Therefore, when the long wood is sandwiched between the feed rotor 36 and the insertion path R, the feed rotor 36 can feed the wood toward the crushing rotor 32 with a strong force.

Further, the crushing unit 31 has support arms (support portions) 39a and 39b erected on both ends in the axial direction of the feed rotor 36. A support shaft 39c is erected between the tip portions of the support arms 39a and 39b, and the wood insertion portion 40 is rotatably supported between the use position and the accommodation position via the support shaft 39c. ing.

The wood crushing device 30 includes a wood insertion portion 40 connected to the wood input port 34a of the crushing unit 31. The wood insertion portion 40 includes a tubular body 42 which is a guide member, a support base 54 attached to the upper portion of the tubular body 42, and a positioning plate 56 attached to the lower surface of the tubular body 42.

The tubular body 42 has an annular cross section and functions as an insertion path R connected to the wood input port 34a and also as a wall surface surrounding the insertion path R. Further, the tubular body 42 is provided so that an opening 42a having a substantially semicircular shape in a side view faces the insertion path R. An upstream rotor 48, which will be described later, is arranged in the opening 42a so as to fit into the opening 42a.

The wood crushing device 30 includes an upstream rotor 48 in the middle of the wood insertion portion 40. The upstream rotor 48 has a function of transporting the long timber along the insertion path R and reducing the upward movement of the long timber by its own weight. The upstream rotor 48 includes plate-shaped blades fixed at equal intervals around the central axis, and is rotationally driven in the same direction as the crushing rotor 32 by a drive motor M2 attached to one end. The plate-shaped blade may be formed in the shape of a saw blade like the plate-shaped blade of the feed rotor 36.

The upstream rotor 48 is rotatably supported in the vertical direction via a pair of substantially L-shaped curved arms 49a and 49b pivotally supported by the support shaft 39c described above. The curved arms 49a and 49b are connected and fixed to each other via a connecting shaft 49d, and are configured to rotate integrally in the vertical direction. As shown in FIG. 2, the curved arms 49a and 49b are provided with extending portions T1 and T2 extending downward from the upstream rotor 48 at the tips thereof. The extending portions T1 and T2 are provided so as to come into contact with the position adjusting bolts 53a and 53b screwed into the protruding plates 52a and 52b protruding from the positioning plate 56.

As a result, a certain distance is secured between the upstream rotor 48 and the insertion path R, making it easy to insert long wood between the upstream rotor 48 and the insertion path R. Further, by adjusting the protrusion amount of the position adjusting bolts 53a and 53b, the size of the gap between the upstream rotor 48 and the insertion path R can be adjusted.

In the present embodiment, an example in which the upstream rotor 48 rotates in the vertical direction is given, but for example, it may be arranged so as to rotate in the horizontal direction. In this case, the horizontal movement of the long timber may be restricted by urging the upstream rotor 48 to the inside of the insertion path R by using the elastic force of the spring or the like.

The support base 54 is a member having a substantially inverted U-shape in cross section, and is provided so as to be inclined forward when viewed from the side surface. Connecting ribs 54a and 54b are provided on the upper surface of the support base 54, and the above-mentioned support shaft 39c is inserted through the connecting ribs 54a and 54b. With this configuration, as shown in FIG. 3C, the tubular body 42 can be rotated from the used position to the accommodation position.

The positioning plate 56 is made of a plate material having a substantially inverted U-shaped cross section, and has a function of abutting on the pedestal 31c of the crushing unit 31 to position the cylinder 42 when the cylinder 42 rotates to the position of use.

Further, the positioning plate 56a is provided at the front end portion so that the fixing hole 56a shown in FIG. 3B and the fixing hole 56b shown in FIG. 1 face each other. The fixing holes 56a and 56b are provided at positions where they overlap with the fixing holes of the protruding plates PL1 (see FIG. 3B) and PL2 (see FIG. 1) provided in the crushing unit 31. Therefore, when a bolt is inserted into either one of the protruding plates PL1 and PL2 at the used position, the bolt is inserted into the fixing hole 56a or the fixing hole 56b, and the positioning plate 56a can be fixed. As a result, the wood insertion portion 40 can be fixed at the used position. Further, at the accommodation position, the positioning plate 56 may be fixed by using a fixing tool such as a hook or a bolt.

Subsequently, a method of crushing long wood using the wood crushing device 30 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 (a) to 4 (c). In the following description, long bamboo will be taken as an example of long wood. FIG. 4A shows a state in which the long bamboo material inserted into the wood insertion portion 40 of the wood crushing device 30 is sent out to the feed rotor 36 by the upstream rotor 48. FIG. 4B is a diagram showing a state in which the tips of the long bamboo materials fed by the upstream rotor 48 and the feed rotor 36 are crushed into chips by the crushing rotor 32. FIG. 4 (c) is a diagram showing a state in which a long bamboo crushed by a crushing rotor 32 jumps up due to a reaction.

The operator removes a fixture such as a hook that fixes the wood insertion portion 40 of the wood crushing device 30 to the accommodation position, and rotates the wood insertion portion 40 downward to the use position. Then, a fixing bolt is inserted into one of the protruding plates PL1 (see FIG. 3C) and PL2 (see FIG. 1) to fix the positioning plate 56 at the used position. Then, the operating device 18 provided in the packing box 14 is operated to operate the wood crushing device 30. After that, a long bamboo is inserted into the cylinder 42 of the wood insertion portion 40. As shown in FIG. 4A, when a long bamboo is sandwiched between the upstream rotor 48 and the insertion path R, the bamboo moves toward the downstream feed rotor 36 as the upstream rotor 48 rotates. Is sent out. As shown in FIG. 4B, when the tip of the bamboo is sandwiched between the feed rotor 36 and the insertion path R, the crushing rotor 32 and the upstream rotor 48 rotate on the outer peripheral surface of the crushing rotor 32. Bamboo is pressed and crushed into chips.

At this time, as shown in FIG. 4C, even if the bamboo jumps upward due to the reaction during crushing, the movement of the bamboo is restricted because the bamboo comes into contact with the cylinder 42.

According to the wood crushing apparatus 30 of the present invention, even if the long bamboo moves in the direction where the long bamboo intersects the longitudinal direction due to the reaction at the time of crushing, for example, in the vertical direction, the bamboo is formed on the inner wall of the cylinder 42 in the wood insertion portion 40. The movement of bamboo can be regulated by abutting. Therefore, it is possible to crush the bamboo into chips while suppressing the movement of the bamboo due to the reaction during crushing. As a result, the size of the crushed material crushed into chips can be made uniform to a certain size, for example, the size of one side is 2 cm to 5 cm.

Subsequently, a modified example of the wood crushing apparatus 30 in the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. In the following description, the parts having the same configuration as the wood crushing apparatus 30 in the above embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals as those in the above embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted as appropriate, and only the parts having different configurations will be described. And.

FIG. 5A is a diagram showing a configuration of a wood insertion portion 60 which is a modification of the wood insertion portion 40 in the wood crushing apparatus 30. FIG. 3B is a diagram showing the configuration of the end face of the wood insertion portion as viewed from the direction C. As shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the wood insertion portion 60 includes an upper cover portion 62 and a lower cover portion 64 having a substantially U-shaped cross section. Both cover portions 62 and 64 are arranged so that their open ends face each other, and have a substantially quadrangular external shape when viewed from the direction C.

The upper cover portion 62 is composed of a first guide member 62a and a second guide member 62b. The first guide member 62a is arranged so as to cover the insertion path R between the feed rotor 36 and the upstream rotor 48, and the second guide member 62b is located upstream of the upstream rotor 48 in the insertion direction of the long timber. Have been placed. Here, since the configurations of the guide members 62a and 62b are the same, only the configuration of the first guide member 62a will be described in the following description.

The first guide member 62a is fixed to the fixing members 66 and 68 erected on the positioning plate 56, and functions as the upper surface and both side surfaces of the wood insertion portion 60. Here, since the configurations of the fixing members 66 and 68 are the same, only the configuration of the fixing members 66 will be described. The fixing member 66 is composed of stays 66a and 66b facing each other with the first guide member 62a in between. The stay 66a is provided with a plurality of fixing holes H1, H2, and H3 along the longitudinal direction. Then, the vertical position of the second guide member 62a can be changed by screwing the bolt inserted into one of the fixing holes into the screw hole provided in the second guide member 62a. The stay 66b also has the same configuration as the stay 66a.

Further, extension plates 69a and 69b are attached along the lower end portion of the second guide member 62b. As a result, a gap is not formed between the second guide member 62a and the lower cover portion 64, which will be described later, and the long wood can be prevented from protruding from the wood insertion portion 60. The lower cover portion 64 is formed of a plate material having a substantially U-shaped cross section, and functions as a road surface and a wall surface of the insertion path R.

According to the configuration of the wood insertion portion 60, the vertical dimension of the transport path R can be changed according to the thickness of the long timber by changing the mounting position of the upper cover portion 62.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the upstream rotor 70, which is a modification of the upstream rotor 48. As shown in FIG. 6, the upstream rotor 70 is configured so that the diameter gradually becomes smaller than both ends in the axial direction toward the central portion in the axial direction. In this configuration, the gap between the upstream rotor 70 and the insertion path R in the central portion in the axial direction is larger than the gap between both ends in the axial direction, so that long wood can be easily inserted into the central portion in the axial direction and smoothly conveyed. Is possible.

The present invention can also be carried out in a mode in which various improvements, modifications, or modifications are made based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Further, within the range in which the same action or effect is produced, any of the invention-specific matters may be replaced with another technique.

10 Vehicle 12 Driver's seat cabin 14 Packing box 30 Wood crushing device 31 Crushing unit 32 Crushing rotor 32a Rotor body 34a Wood inlet 36 Feed rotor 39a, 39b Support arm (support part)
40, 60 Wood insertion part 42 Cylinder body 48 Upstream side rotor 62 Upper cover part 64 Lower cover part R Insertion path

Claims (4)

A wood feeding unit constituting a wood crushing device having a crushing unit for crushing a long piece of wood, a feed rotor arranged at a wood input port of the crushing unit, and a feed rotor for pushing the wood into the crushing unit.
A wood insertion portion including an insertion path connected to the wood input port and a wall surface surrounding the insertion path, and a wood insertion portion.
An upstream rotor that is arranged in the middle of the wood insertion portion and feeds the wood toward the feed rotor while sandwiching the wood between the road surface and the road surface of the insertion path.
With
When the wood pushed into the crushing unit by the upstream rotor and the feed rotor moves in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction due to the reaction during crushing, the wood comes into contact with the wall surface of the wood insertion portion. The movement of the timber is restricted in
The upstream rotor is a feed device that is rotatably supported in the vertical direction via a pair of substantially L-shaped curved arms pivotally supported by a support shaft. The feeding device according to claim 1, wherein the upstream rotor conveys wood along an insertion path and is configured to reduce the upward movement of wood by its own weight. The feeding device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the wood insertion portion is formed in a tubular shape by one or a plurality of guide members. A wood crushing device provided with the feeding device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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