JP2021072683A - Switch gear - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a conductor that is provided as a bus bar in a switch gear and can improve heat dissipation performance without increasing the loss of the conductor, and a switch gear using the same.SOLUTION: A switch gear includes a bus bar, a power device connected to the bus bar, and a housing for storing the bus bar and the power device. At least a part of the bus bar is arranged with a plurality of conductors extending in a wiring direction facing each other, and at least one or more unevenness portions extend in an extending direction of the conductors on the facing surfaces of the plurality of conductors.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to the structure of the switch gear, and more particularly to the conductor structure provided in the switch gear.

Metal closure switch gears, which store high-voltage equipment such as switches in a metal closure box, are widely used in facilities with large electrical capacity such as power plants, substations, steelworks, and petrochemical plants.

The metal closure type switch gear is a metal clad type that divides the internal space into multiple compartments (storage space) with a metal partition plate, and a compartment type that divides the internal space into multiple compartments with a non-metal (insulated) partition plate. , Other than those, it is roughly divided into three types of cubicle type.

Inside these metal closed switch gears, conductors called "busbars" that serve as the main circuit of power receiving and transforming equipment are arranged. For high-voltage power receiving consumers, the power line from the secondary side of the transformer to the distribution breaker is used as the bus, and the power line from the distribution breaker to the distribution board is distinguished as the main line. Copper strips and bus ducts that can bear a large amount of electric power are often used for the bus, and a large current exceeding 1,000 to 2,000 A may be passed.

In the bus (conductor) in the conventional switch gear, Joule loss occurs due to current flow, and the conductor temperature rises. When the conductor temperature rises, the life of electric parts such as semiconductors in the switch gear panel may be shortened, or the characteristics of permanent magnets may be deteriorated.

As a background technology in this technical field, for example, there is a technology such as Patent Document 1. Patent Document 1 discloses "a vacuum circuit breaker in which a heat-dissipating fin having a comb-shaped cross section is provided on a fixed-side conductor connected to a fixed-side electrode of a vacuum valve or a movable-side conductor connected to a movable-side electrode". ing.

In the shape described in Patent Document 1, heat dissipation (cooling) fins are attached to the conductor to increase the heat dissipation area, and the cooling efficiency of the conductor is increased to suppress the temperature rise.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2001-6502

However, the technique of Patent Document 1 has a problem that a current flows through the heat radiation (cooling) fins, a loss occurs in the cooling fins themselves in addition to the conductor loss, and the overall loss increases.

Further, when the insulator fin is used to suppress the loss of the heat dissipation (cooling) fin, there is a problem that the heat dissipation performance is deteriorated because the heat conduction is lower than that of the metal.

Further, since the weight of the conductor increases due to the installation of the heat radiation (cooling) fins, a support member is required, which is disadvantageous for miniaturization of the switch gear.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a conductor provided as a bus in the switch gear, a conductor capable of improving heat dissipation performance without increasing the loss of the conductor, and a switch gear using the conductor.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention includes a bus, a power device connected to the bus, and a housing for storing the bus and the power device, and at least a part of the bus is wired. A plurality of conductors extending in the direction are arranged so as to face each other, and at least one or more uneven portions extend in the extending direction of the conductors on the facing surfaces of the plurality of conductors.

According to the present invention, in a conductor provided as a bus in a switch gear, it is possible to realize a conductor capable of improving heat dissipation performance without increasing the loss of the conductor and a switch gear using the conductor.

As a result, the reliability of the switch gear can be improved and the size of the switch gear can be reduced.

Issues, configurations and effects other than those described above will be clarified by the description of the following embodiments.

It is a figure which shows the switch gear conductor which has the recess which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. It is a conceptual diagram of the current density distribution of two conductors which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the switch gear conductor which has the convex part which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. (Modification example 1) It is a figure which shows the switch gear conductor which has the concave part and the convex part which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. (Modification 2) It is a figure which shows the switch gear conductor which is composed of the conductor which has the convex part and the rectangular parallelepiped conductor which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. (Modification example 3) It is a figure which shows the switch gear conductor which is composed of the conductor which has the recess and the rectangular parallelepiped conductor which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. (Modification example 4) It is a figure which shows the switch gear conductor which has a plurality of recesses which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. (Modification 5) It is a figure which shows the switch gear conductor which has a plurality of recesses which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. (Modification 6) It is a figure which shows the switch gear conductor which has a plurality of recesses which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. (Modification 7) It is a conceptual diagram of the current density distribution of three conductors which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the switch gear conductor which is composed of the conductor which has the recess and the rectangular parallelepiped conductor which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. (Modification 8) It is a figure which shows the switch gear conductor which has the concave part and the convex part which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. (Modification 9) It is a figure which shows the switch gear conductor which has the convex part which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. (Modification example 10) It is a figure which shows the switch gear conductor which is composed of the conductor which has the convex part and the rectangular parallelepiped conductor which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. (Modification 11) It is a figure which shows the switch gear conductor which is composed of the conductor which has the convex part and the rectangular parallelepiped conductor which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. (Modification 12) It is a figure which shows the switch gear conductor which applied black coating to the convex part which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. (Modification 13) It is a figure which shows the switch gear conductor which concerns on Example 2 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the switch gear conductor which concerns on Example 3 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the switch gear conductor which concerns on Example 3 of this invention. (Modification 14) It is a figure which shows the switch gear conductor which concerns on Example 3 of this invention. (Modification 15) It is a figure which shows the whole outline of the switch gear to which this invention applies.

Hereinafter, examples to which the present invention is applied will be described with reference to the drawings. In each drawing, the same components are designated by the same reference numerals, and the detailed description of overlapping portions will be omitted.

First, a switch gear to which the present invention is applied will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an overall outline of the switch gear.

As shown in FIG. 19, the switch gear 12 of this embodiment is a so-called metal closed type switch gear in which the internal space of the housing 2 is divided into a plurality of compartments (storage spaces) by a barrier (partition plate) 6. .. Steel materials such as iron and stainless steel (SUS material) are mainly used for the housing 2 and the barrier (partition plate) 6 in order to ensure the strength. Since a current of about 2,000 A generally flows through each device in the switch gear 12, it is desirable to use stainless steel (SUS material) in a place where the influence of the eddy current becomes a problem.

The internal space of the housing 2 is arranged vertically in order from the front side (right side in FIG. 19) to the back side (left side in FIG. 19) of the switch gear 12, and the upper circuit breaker chamber 8 and the lower circuit breaker are arranged. It is divided into compartments (storage spaces) of a device chamber 9, a cable chamber 10 arranged on the back side of the lower circuit breaker room 9, and a bus chamber 11 arranged on the back side of the upper circuit breaker room 8. The cable chamber 10 and the bus chamber 11 are arranged so as to be vertically overlapped with each other.

A power device 1 such as a vacuum circuit breaker (VCB) is housed in each of the upper circuit breaker chamber 8 and the lower circuit breaker chamber 9. Each electric power device 1 is provided with an electromagnetic actuator 7. The electric power device 1 and the electromagnetic actuator 7 are mounted on a trolley (not shown), and by pulling out the trolley to the front side (right side in FIG. 19) of the switch gear 12, the electric power device 1 and the electromagnetic actuator 7 are mounted. Can be replaced and maintained.

The number and arrangement of the above-mentioned compartments (storage spaces) are merely examples, and are not necessarily limited to these. Further, although a vacuum breaker (VCB) is mentioned as an example of the equipment housed in the upper and lower compartments, the cable chamber 10 which may be a switch such as an air breaker or a gas breaker is externally connected. Cables 4 are wired, and each cable 4 is electrically connected to a power device such as a current transformer (CT) (not shown) via a cable terminal processing unit 5. The number and arrangement of the cables 4 wired in the cable chamber 10 are also examples, and the present invention is not limited to these.

Busbars (R, S, T) 3 are arranged in the busbar chamber 11, and power equipment (vacuum circuit breaker: VCB) in the upper circuit breaker room 8 and the lower circuit breaker room 9 is provided via a bushing (not shown). It is electrically connected to 1. The number and arrangement of the bus 3 arranged in the bus room 11 is also an example, and the present invention is not limited to this.

Next, a conductor provided as a bus 3 in the switch gear 12 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 15. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a switch gear conductor having a recess according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of the current density distributions of the two conductors. 3 to 8B and 10 to 15 are diagrams showing modified examples (modified examples 1 to 13) of FIG. 1. Further, FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram of the current density distributions of the three conductors.

Note that, in FIG. 1, only the power device 1, the housing 2, and the bus 3 are schematically shown in the configuration of the switch gear 12 in FIG. 19 described above so that the structure of the bus 3 can be easily understood.

As shown in FIG. 1, the switch gear of this embodiment is a bus for connecting the housing 2, the power device 1 arranged in the housing 2, and the power device 1 to another power device (not shown). It has 3. The bus bar 3 is composed of a plurality of conductors 101 having recesses 202, and the recesses 202 are provided on surfaces of the conductors 101 facing each other. The conductor 101 is made of, for example, a conductor material such as copper having a low electrical resistivity and a high thermal conductivity.

As shown in FIG. 1, by providing the recesses 202 on the surfaces of the conductors 101 facing each other facing each other, it is possible to suppress an increase in Joule loss due to current flow.

The reason for this will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of a current density distribution when an alternating current having the same phase in the current direction 303 flows through the two conductors 100. For convenience, the current direction is shown as one direction in FIG. 2, but since the current is alternating current, it also flows in the opposite direction. When a current flows through the conductor 100, the central portion of the conductor is composed of a current sparse portion 301 having a low current density due to the proximity effect, whereas the outside of the conductor is composed of a current dense portion 302 having a high current density.

Therefore, when the convex portion is provided in the region formed by the current dense portion 302, the current may be concentrated on the convex portion due to the skin effect, and the loss may increase. On the other hand, when the recess is provided in the region formed by the current dense portion 302, the resistance may increase and the loss may increase due to the decrease in the current flow area due to the recess.

However, in the conductor 101 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1, since the recess 202 is provided in the region where the current densities of the surfaces of the conductors facing each other are low (corresponding to the current sparse portion 301 of FIG. 2), the loss increases. It can be suppressed. Further, the heat dissipation performance can be improved by providing the recess 202 to increase the surface area of the conductor.

The modified examples (modified examples 1 to 13) of FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 8B and FIGS. 10 to 15. Hereinafter, when the bus 3 of each modification is described, the configuration will be described without including the power device 1 and the housing 2.

When the bus 3 is composed of the conductor 102 having the convex portion 203 shown in FIG. 3, the convex portion 203 is provided in a region where the current density of the surfaces of the conductors facing each other is low (corresponding to the current sparse portion 301 in FIG. 2). Therefore, the influence of current concentration due to the skin effect is small, and an increase in loss can be suppressed.

As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the same effect can be obtained by combining a conductor 102 having a convex portion 203, a conductor 101 having a concave portion 202, and a rectangular parallelepiped conductor 107. In particular, when a high-frequency current is passed through the conductor, it is possible to further suppress an increase in loss.

For example, FIG. 1 shows a configuration in which one conductor 101 is provided with one recess 202, but as shown in FIG. 7, the same effect can be obtained by a configuration in which one conductor 103 is provided with a plurality of recesses 202. Be done.

Although the description assumes that copper (Cu) is used as the conductor material, the same effect can be obtained if the metal is a metal such as aluminum (Al).

Further, although FIGS. 1 to 7 are described with a configuration including two conductors, as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the same effect can be obtained even with a configuration having three or more conductors. It is possible to improve the current imbalance of each conductor.

FIG. 9 shows a conceptual diagram of the current density distribution when the conductor is composed of two end conductors 100a and one center conductor 100b. Since the central conductor 100b has many current sparse portions 301 and the end conductor 100a has many current dense portions 302, the current balance of each conductor is poor.

On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the switch gear conductor is configured by a conductor 106 having recesses 202 on both sides of the conductor, or a conductor structure in which a conductor 101 having recesses 202 and a conductor 106 are combined. The region where the current is sparse can be reduced, and the current imbalance can be improved.

Although the conductors 101 and 106 having the recess 202 are described in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the conductor 101 having the recess 202, the conductors 102 and 108 having the convex 203, and the rectangular parallelepiped conductor 107 shown in FIGS. 10 to 14 are combined. Therefore, the same effect can be obtained even in a configuration in which the concave portion 202 and the convex portion 203 are provided on the opposing surfaces of the conductor.

FIG. 15 shows a configuration in which convex portions 204 painted in black are provided on opposite surfaces of a plurality of conductors. As for the heat dissipation of the conductor, the amount of heat radiation due to heat transfer and radiation increases by improving the surface area. Heat dissipation by radiation changes depending on the emissivity of the object. For example, if it is black, the emissivity is high. Further, as the heat dissipation area is larger, the amount of heat radiation due to radiation also increases, so that the heat dissipation performance due to radiation can be improved by coating the uneven surface with black.

As described above, the switch gear of the present embodiment includes a bus 3, a power device 1 connected to the bus 3, and a housing 2 for storing the bus 3 and the power device 1, and at least the bus. A part of 3 is arranged with a plurality of conductors 100 (100 to 108) extending in the wiring direction facing each other, and at least one or more uneven portions on the facing surfaces of the plurality of conductors 100 (100 to 108). (Recessed portion 202, convex portion 203) is configured to extend in the extending direction of the conductor 100 (100 to 108).

As a result, heat dissipation can be ensured without increasing the loss of the conductor arranged in the switch gear panel, and the temperature rise can be suppressed.

Although FIG. 19 shows an example in which the bus 3 has three phases (R, S, T), the present invention does not necessarily have uneven portions (concave 202, convex 203) in all three phases (R, S, T). Not limited to the case where it is provided, even when the uneven portion (concave portion 202 or convex portion 203) is provided in at least one phase (for example, only the R phase), the degree of effect is reduced, but the loss of the conductor is increased. It is possible to secure heat dissipation and suppress temperature rise without causing it.

A conductor provided as a bus 3 in the switch gear 12 of the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a switch gear conductor having a recess according to this embodiment.

In this embodiment shown in FIG. 16, there are a plurality of conductors 101 having a width of 401, and the distance between the plurality of conductors is 402, so that the distance between conductors 402 and the conductor width 401 are equal to each other.

When the distance 402 between conductors is shorter than the conductor width 401, the natural convection generated between the conductors weakens and the heat dissipation performance deteriorates. On the other hand, when the distance between conductors 402 is longer than the conductor width 401, the influence of the proximity effect becomes small, each of the plurality of conductors is composed of one conductor, and the loss increases.

Therefore, by making the distance between conductors 402 equal to that of the conductor width 401, it is possible to suppress an increase in loss while ensuring heat dissipation performance.

A conductor provided as a bus 3 in the switch gear 12 of the third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 17A to 18. FIG. 17A is a diagram showing a switch gear conductor according to this embodiment. 17B and 18 are diagrams showing modified examples (modified examples 14 to 15) of FIG. 17A, respectively.

In this embodiment shown in FIG. 17A, the extension direction 503 of the conductor 101 provided with the recess 202, the facing direction 502 of the conductor, and the gravity direction 501 are arranged so as to be perpendicular to each other.

In a configuration in which the opposing directions 502 of the plurality of conductors are in the gravity direction 501, the natural convection (of air) generated in the direction opposite to the gravity is blocked by the conductors, and the heat dissipation performance is deteriorated. Further, when the stretching direction 503 is set to the gravity direction 501, the path of convection becomes long, so that the thermal resistance due to natural convection (of air) increases and the temperature rise increases.

Therefore, high heat dissipation performance can be maintained by arranging the plurality of conductors 101 so that each of the stretching direction 503 and the facing direction 502 is perpendicular to the gravity direction 501.

In FIG. 17A, the extension direction 503 of the conductor 101, the opposite direction 502, and the gravity direction 501 are perpendicular to each other. However, as shown in FIG. 17B, the convex portion 203 is arranged close to one end of the conductor. The same effect can be obtained even in a configuration in which the conductors 102 are combined, or in a configuration in which the angle difference between the extending direction 503 of the conductor 101 and the opposing direction 502 and the gravity direction 501 is not necessarily vertical (90 degrees) as shown in FIG. can get.

Further, although the concave portion 202 and the convex portion 203 are described by using an example in which the concave portion 202 and the convex portion 203 are formed in a straight line in FIGS. 17A to 18, the configuration has a rounded uneven shape in order to suppress convection resistance. The same effect can be obtained.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described examples, and includes various modifications. For example, the above-described embodiment has been described in detail in order to explain the present invention in an easy-to-understand manner, and is not necessarily limited to the one including all the described configurations. Further, it is possible to replace a part of the configuration of one embodiment with the configuration of another embodiment, and it is also possible to add the configuration of another embodiment to the configuration of one embodiment. Further, it is possible to add / delete / replace a part of the configuration of each embodiment with another configuration.

1 ... Power equipment (vacuum circuit breaker: VCB)
2 ... Housing 3 ... Bus (R, S, T)
4 ... Cable 5 ... Cable terminal processing unit 6 ... Barrier (partition plate)
7 ... Electromagnetic controller 8 ... Upper breaker room 9 ... Lower breaker room 10 ... Cable room 11 ... Bus room 12 ... Switch gear 100 ... Conductor 100a ... End conductor 100b ... Central conductor 101 ... Conductor 102 (having recess 202) ... (having convex portions 203, 204) conductor 103 ... (having a plurality of concave portions 202) conductor 106 ... (having concave portions 202 on both sides) conductor 107 ... rectangular conductor 108 ... (having convex portions 203 on both sides of the conductor) conductor 202 ... Concave 203 ... Convex 204 ... (painted in black) Convex 301 ... Current sparse part 302 ... Current dense part 303 ... Current direction 401 ... (Conductor) Width 402 ... Conductor distance 501 ... Gravity direction 502 ... (Multiple) 503 ... Stretching direction (of a plurality of conductors)

Claims (15)

With the bus
The power equipment connected to the bus and
The bus and the housing for storing the electric power device are provided.
At least a part of the bus is arranged with a plurality of conductors extending in the wiring direction facing each other, and at least one or more uneven portions extend in the extending direction of the conductors on the facing surfaces of the plurality of conductors. A switch gear characterized by The switch gear according to claim 1.
The plurality of conductors are switch gears, wherein the two conductors are arranged so as to face each other. The switch gear according to claim 1.
The plurality of conductors are switch gears, wherein the three conductors are arranged so as to face each other. The switch gear according to claim 2.
A switch gear characterized in that recesses extend in both of the two conductors in the extending direction of the conductors. The switch gear according to claim 2.
A switch gear characterized in that a convex portion extends in both of the two conductors in the extending direction of the conductor. The switch gear according to claim 2.
A switch gear characterized in that a concave portion extends in the extending direction of the conductor in one of the two conductors, and a convex portion extends in the extending direction of the conductor in the other conductor. The switch gear according to claim 2.
A switch gear characterized in that, of the two conductors, one of the conductors has a concave portion or a convex portion extending in the extending direction of the conductor, and the other conductor is a rectangular parallelepiped conductor having no uneven portion. The switch gear according to claim 4.
A switch gear characterized in that a plurality of the recesses are arranged in the width direction of the two conductors. The switch gear according to claim 3.
The switch gear is characterized in that the three conductors are composed of a central conductor arranged at the center and two end conductors arranged on both sides of the central conductor. The switch gear according to claim 9.
The central conductor has recesses on the surfaces facing the two end conductors.
The switch gear, wherein the two end conductors have recesses only on the surface facing the center conductor. The switch gear according to claim 9.
The central conductor is a rectangular parallelepiped conductor having no unevenness.
The switch gear, wherein the two end conductors have recesses only on the surface facing the center conductor. The switch gear according to claim 9.
The central conductor has a convex portion on a surface facing the two end conductors.
The switch gear, wherein the two end conductors have recesses only on the surface facing the center conductor. The switch gear according to claim 5.
A switch gear characterized in that the convex portion is coated with black. The switch gear according to claim 1.
A switch gear characterized in that the thickness of each of the plurality of conductors is equal to the distance between the conductors of the plurality of conductors. The switch gear according to claim 1.
The switch gear is characterized in that the plurality of conductors are arranged so that the opposing directions of the plurality of conductors, the extending direction of the conductors, and the gravitational direction are perpendicular to each other.

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