JP2021067339A - Relief valve - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a relief valve capable of reliably releasing fluid in a container to the atmosphere in disaster such as fire with a structure having a small number of components.SOLUTION: A relief valve attached to a container 2 having a fluid passage inside and comprising a discharge passage 20 branched from the fluid passage, is composed of: a body 10 attached to the open end of the discharge passage 20 and forming a discharge path 11 that communicates the discharge passage 20 with the outside (atmosphere); a closing member 3 that closes the discharge passage 20 of the container 2; and a seal member 5 disposed in a seal groove 21 formed on the peripheral edge of the open end of the discharge passage 20 of the container 2. The closing member 3 is a plate-shaped porous member, interval voids are filled with meltable metal, and a contact surface with the seal member 5 disposed on the peripheral edge of the open end of the discharge passage 20 of the container 2 is polished so that an arithmetic roughness is equal to or less than 0.8 Ra.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a safety valve for safely discharging the fluid in the device to the outside in order to prevent the pressure inside the container from rising too much when the ambient temperature becomes high, such as in the event of a fire.

As such a safety valve, there is known a safety valve that has a soluble body that melts at a high temperature and releases gas in a container by moving a movable plug body as the soluble body melts (Patent Documents 1 to 1). 2).

These safety valves are attached to the open end of the discharge flow path branched from the flow path of the container through which the fluid flows inside, and when the surrounding temperature rises, such as in the event of a fire, the fluid such as gas inside the container is externally removed. It opens to (atmosphere).

The safety valve described in Patent Document 1 is attached to the opening of the open end of the flow path branched from the fluid passage in the container to the outside, and is normally sealed so that the internal fluid does not leak to the outside. By releasing the gas in the container when the temperature rises, it is configured to prevent the pressure in the container from rising too much.

This safety valve consists of a top wall and a peripheral wall, and a cylindrical main body in which the lower end of the peripheral wall is fixed to the opening edge of the container, a cylindrical moving member with a flange movably arranged in the main body, and a moving member. It is provided with a compression coil spring (elastic member) for urging upward, and a soluble body (soluble alloy) for a safety valve interposed between the lower surface of the top wall of the main body and the upper surface of the moving member. The inside of the main body is communicated with the outside for the discharge passage.

The lower end of the peripheral wall is blocked from communicating with the inside of the container by the tip of the moving member. When the soluble material melts at a high temperature such as a fire from this state, the moving member moves to the top wall side by the urging force of the compression coil spring, so that the inside of the safety valve body and the inside of the container communicate with each other, and the fluid inside the container flows. It is opened to the outside through the discharge passage of the main body.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-132475 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2004-263786

However, a safety valve using such a soluble alloy operates when a disaster such as a fire occurs, and is not used repeatedly after the operation. Therefore, when this type of safety valve is used, it is desired to reduce the product cost, but the safety valve described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 has a problem that the number of parts is large and the manufacturing cost is high.

The present invention has been made in view of this point, and an object of the present invention is to provide a safety valve capable of reducing the number of parts and reliably opening the fluid in the container to the atmosphere in the event of a disaster such as a fire with a simple structure. To provide.

The safety valve according to the first invention made to solve the above problems is
A safety valve that has a fluid passage inside and is attached to a container having a discharge passage branched from the fluid passage.
A main body attached to the open end of the discharge passage of the container and forming a discharge passage that communicates the discharge passage with the outside.
It is provided with a closing member that closes the discharge passage.
The closing member is a plate-shaped porous member, and the air gap inside is filled with a meltable metal, and the contact surface with the sealing member arranged on the peripheral edge of the open end of the discharge passage of the container is arithmetically arranged. The roughness is 0.8 Ra or less.

In this safety valve, the closing member that blocks the discharge passage of the main body and the discharge passage of the container is a porous member filled with molten metal, and when the ambient temperature becomes high due to a fire or the like, it becomes a hole in the porous member. The molten metal to be filled melts and the discharge passage of the container and the discharge passage of the main body of the safety valve communicate with each other.

In this case, the porous member can be a sintered metal.

In addition, the safety valve according to the second invention made to solve the same problem is
A safety valve that has a fluid passage inside and is attached to a container having a discharge passage branched from the fluid passage.
A main body attached to the open end of the discharge passage of the container and forming a discharge passage that communicates the discharge passage with the outside.
It is provided with a closing member that closes the discharge passage.
The closing member is a glass valve having both ends filled with a liquid, and a valve seat mechanism is formed at the open end of the discharge passage of the container, and the hemispherical end portion of the glass valve is formed in the valve seat mechanism. Are in contact with each other.

In this case, an elastic member for urging the glass bulb on the container side can be arranged.

Further, in these cases, a sealing mechanism that comes into contact with the tubular portion of the glass valve can be provided on the main body side of the safety valve of the valve seat mechanism.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a safety valve capable of reducing the number of parts and reliably opening the fluid in the container to the atmosphere in the event of a disaster such as a fire with a simple structure.

A safety valve according to an embodiment of the first invention is shown, (a) a plan view, (b) a front sectional view of a partial notch attached to a container, and (c) a main body of the safety valve, a sealing member, and a container. (D) is a bottom view of the closing member. A safety valve according to an embodiment of the second invention is shown, (a) a plan view, (b) a front sectional view of a partial notch attached to a container, and (c) a sectional perspective view of the main body of the safety valve (c). d) is a cross-sectional perspective view of a glass valve as a closing member. Another embodiment of the safety valve is shown, (a) is a plan view, (b) is a front sectional view of a partial notch attached to the container, and (c) is a sectional perspective view of the container of a portion to which the safety valve is attached.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the following embodiments are essentially preferred examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, its applications, or its uses.

<Embodiment 1>
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the safety valve of the first invention.

[safety valve]
The safety valve 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a safety valve attached to a container 2 having a fluid passage inside and having a discharge passage 20 branched from the fluid passage. The container 2 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a tank for storing fuel hydrogen of a fuel cell vehicle. The safety valve 1 is attached to the open end of the discharge passage 29, and is a closing member that closes the main body 10 that forms the discharge passage 11 that communicates the discharge passage 20 with the outside (atmosphere) and the discharge passage 20 of the container 2. 3 and a seal member 5 arranged in a seal groove 21 formed on the peripheral edge of the open end of the discharge passage 20 of the container 2.

The main body 10 has a discharge path 11 and a holding space 12 for holding a closing member 3 connected to the discharge path 11 inside. Further, the insertion port 13 of the fastening member 4 such as a bolt for attaching the safety valve 1 to the container 2 is opened. The number of the insertion ports 13 is not particularly limited as long as it is a plurality, but in the present embodiment, it is formed at three locations at equal intervals on the circumference from the stop.

The holding space 12 is a cylindrical recess that matches the shape of the closing member 3, and is formed at the center of the bottom surface of the main body 10. The number of the discharge passages 11 is not particularly limited, but in the present embodiment, the discharge passages 11 are formed at five locations so as to penetrate the holding space 12 from the surface of the main body 10.

The closing member 3 is a plate-shaped porous member, and the inner voids are filled with a meltable metal, and the sealing member 3 is arranged in a sealing groove 21 formed on the periphery of the open end of the discharge passage 20 of the container 2. The contact surface 30 with 5 is polished so that the arithmetic roughness is 0.8 Ra or less. This polishing is not limited to the contact surface 30 with the seal member 5, and the entire surface on the contact side with the seal member 5 may be polished.

The closing member 3 is not particularly limited as long as it is a porous member and the inner voids are filled with the meltable metal. The porous material to be a porous member is a material having a large number of pores, and includes, for example, microporous materials such as activated carbon and zeolite, and mesoporous materials such as MCM and FCM. Then, sintered metal is adopted.

Sintered metal is made by baking metal powder at a temperature around the melting point. It has better durability than resin, ceramics, glass, etc., and the size of the metal powder adjusts the internal void size. The meltable metal to be used can be selected. The meltable metal used in the present invention refers to a metal having a melting point of 200 ° C. or lower, for example, a low melting point alloy (low temperature alloy, tin alloy, low temperature solder, etc.) and the melting point of a sintered metal (SUS spherical powder). In this case, it is lower than 1400 to 1500 ° C., and in the case of bronze spherical powder, around 1000 ° C.), and the sintered metal does not melt at the melting temperature required for a safety valve.

Generally, the sintered metal is arranged in a flow path through which a fluid containing impurities flows, and plays a role of filtering impurities, and allows the passage of a fluid at the molecular level. The sintered metal as the closing member 3 of the present invention fills the internal voids with a predetermined molten metal, and may be filled over the entire internal voids, but the discharge passage 20 of the container 2 may be filled. The molten metal may be filled so as to surely close the pores on the surface side that close the open end.

This is because the surface side of the closing member 3 that closes the open end of the discharge passage 20 of the container 2 has an annular surface 30 that contacts the seal member 5 arranged in the seal groove 21 of the container 2 with the seal member 5. It is necessary to finish the arithmetic roughness to 0.8 Ra or less so that no gap is generated between them, but the premise is that the pores on the surface must be surely filled with the meltable metal.

In the above configuration, the discharge passage 20 of the container 2 is always filled with the fluid flowing through the container 2, and the pressure of the fluid is applied to the bottom surface of the closing member 3 of the safety valve 1 attached to the container 2. Then, when a fire or the like occurs and the ambient temperature of the container 2 exceeds a predetermined temperature (melting temperature of the molten metal), the molten metal in the sintered metal as the closing member 3 begins to melt.

The molten metal that has begun to melt flows to the discharge passage 20 side or is ejected into the discharge passage 11, and the fluid in the container 2 passes through the empty space of the closing member 3 and is discharged to the outside.

<Embodiment 2>
FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the safety valve of the second invention.

[safety valve]
Similar to the first embodiment, the safety valve 1 shown in FIG. 2 is a safety valve attached to a container 2 having a fluid passage inside and having a discharge passage 20 branched from the fluid passage. A main body 10 attached to the open end of the discharge passage 20 of the container 2 and forming a discharge passage 11 that communicates the discharge passage 20 with the outside (atmosphere), and a closing member 6 that closes the discharge passage 20 are provided. There is.

The closing member 6 is a glass valve 60 having both ends filled with a liquid, and the hemispherical end 60a of the glass valve 60 is provided on the valve seat mechanism 23 formed at the open end of the discharge passage 20 of the container 2. Contact. The valve seat mechanism 23 is configured by processing the open end edge of the discharge flow path 20 of the container 2 into an R shape or a truncated cone shape (C chamfer shape).

The main body 10 has a T-shaped cross section consisting of a large diameter portion 10A attached to the container and a small diameter portion 10B concentric with the large diameter portion 10A, and the large diameter portion 10A is used to attach the safety valve 1 to the container 2. The insertion port 13 of the fastening member 4 such as the bolt of the above is opened. The number of the insertion ports 13 is not particularly limited as long as it is a plurality, but in the present embodiment, the number of insertion ports 13 is formed at four locations at equal intervals on the circumference from the stop.

The small diameter portion 10B has no opening, and a cylindrical space 15 in which the closing member 6 is deployed is formed from the center of the bottom surface of the large diameter portion 10A. This space 15 has a diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the tubular portion 60b of the glass bulb 60, and stores the glass bulb 60 on the small diameter portion 10B side and the elastic member 8 urging the container 2 side. Is forming. The storage space 16 may be the same as the inner diameter of the space 15, but as an elastic member 8 to be fitted into a protrusion 60c formed on one side of the glass valve 60 on the hemispherical end 60a. It is preferable that the inner diameter is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the spring and the diameter is smaller than the space 15. This facilitates the installation of the spring as the elastic member 8. In the present embodiment, an example in which a spring is used as the elastic member 8 is shown, but the elastic member 8 is not limited to this, and for example, a resin material having a low altitude or the like can be used.

The discharge path 11 communicates with the space 15 and is blocked from the discharge flow path 20 of the container 2 by a closing member 6.

In the above configuration, the discharge passage 20 of the container 2 is always filled with the fluid flowing through the container 2, and the hemispherical end portion 60a of the glass valve 60 as the closing member 6 of the safety valve 1 attached to the container 2 is formed. It serves as a valve body and comes into contact with the open end edge of the discharge flow path 20 serving as the valve seat mechanism 23 to prevent the fluid in the container 2 from leaking to the outside. Then, when a fire or the like occurs and the ambient temperature of the container 2 exceeds a predetermined temperature (the temperature at which the liquid in the glass valve 60 expands and the glass bursts), the glass valve 60 as the closing member 6 bursts and is used for exhaust. The flow path 20 and the discharge path 11 communicate with each other, and the fluid in the container 2 is discharged to the outside.

<Modification example>
FIG. 3 shows a modified example of the embodiment of the safety valve of the second invention.

[safety valve]
Similar to the second embodiment, the safety valve 1 shown in FIG. 3 is a safety valve attached to a container 2 having a fluid passage inside and having a discharge passage 20 branched from the fluid passage. A main body 10 attached to the open end of the discharge passage 20 of the container 2 and forming a discharge passage 11 that communicates the discharge passage 20 with the outside (atmosphere), and a closing member 6 that closes the discharge passage 20 are provided. There is.

Similar to the second embodiment, the closing member 6 is also a glass valve 60 having hemispherical ends at both ends filled with a liquid, and a hemisphere of the glass valve 60 is provided on the valve seat mechanism 23 formed at the open end of the discharge passage 20 of the container 2. The shaped end 60a comes into contact with each other.

The valve seat mechanism 23 of the present embodiment is different from the valve seat mechanism 23 of the present embodiment, which is configured by the second embodiment by processing the open end edge of the discharge flow path 20 of the container 2 into an R shape or a truncated cone shape (C chamfer shape). A medium-diameter portion 20a having a diameter slightly larger than the inner diameter of the discharge flow path 20 is formed on the back side of the open end, and an R-shape or a cone is formed on the open end edge of the bottom of the medium-diameter portion 20a of the discharge flow path 20. It is configured by processing into a trapezoidal shape (C chamfered shape).

Then, a large diameter portion 20b having a diameter larger than that of the medium diameter portion 20a is formed on the open end side of the container 2 with respect to the medium diameter portion 20a, and the large diameter portion 20b abuts on the tubular portion 60b of the glass valve 60. The seal mechanism 24 is arranged.

If the sealing mechanism 24 is in contact with the peripheral surface of the tubular portion 60b of the glass valve 60 and the bottom surface of the side surface of the large diameter portion 20b, and can prevent the fluid in the container 2 from leaking to the outside. Although not particularly limited, the present embodiment includes an O-ring 24a and a backup ring 24b.

By disposing the sealing mechanism 24, the hemispherical end portion 60a of the glass valve 60 becomes a valve body and comes into contact with the open end edge portion of the discharge flow path 20 serving as the valve seat mechanism 23, and is inside the container 2. From the mechanism for preventing the fluid from leaking to the outside, it is possible to effectively prevent the fluid from being discharged to the outside through the discharge path 11 even when the fluid leaks due to misalignment due to vibration or the like.

Although the present invention has been described above based on its preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments, and various embodiments within the scope of the gist of the present invention are also included in the present invention. .. Further, the above-described embodiments and modifications merely indicate one embodiment of the present invention, and each embodiment can be combined as appropriate.

As described above, the safety valve of the present invention can be suitably used for a system in which the ambient temperature suddenly rises such as when a fire occurs and the fluid in the container needs to be discharged to the outside.

1 Safety valve 10 Main body 11 Discharge path 2 Container 20 Discharge flow path 23 Valve seat mechanism 24 Seal mechanism 3 Closure member (porous member)
5 Seal member 6 Closure member 60 Glass valve 60a Hemispherical end 60b Cylindrical part

Claims (5)

A safety valve that has a fluid passage inside and is attached to a container having a discharge passage branched from the fluid passage.
A main body attached to the open end of the discharge passage of the container and forming a discharge passage that communicates the discharge passage with the outside.
It is provided with a closing member that closes the discharge passage.
The closing member is a plate-shaped porous member, and the air gap inside is filled with a meltable metal, and the contact surface with the sealing member arranged on the peripheral edge of the open end of the discharge passage of the container is arithmetically operated. A safety valve with a roughness of 0.8 Ra or less. The safety valve according to claim 1, wherein the porous member is a sintered metal. A safety valve that has a fluid passage inside and is attached to a container having a discharge passage branched from the fluid passage.
A main body attached to the open end of the discharge passage of the container and forming a discharge passage that communicates the discharge passage with the outside.
It is provided with a closing member that closes the discharge passage.
The closing member is a glass valve having hemispherical ends filled with a liquid inside, and the hemispherical end of the glass valve comes into contact with a valve seat mechanism formed at the open end of the discharge passage of the container. The safety valve according to claim 3, wherein the glass valve is provided with an elastic member for urging the container side. The safety valve according to claim 3 or 4, wherein a sealing mechanism that abuts on the tubular portion of the glass valve is provided on the main body side of the safety valve of the valve seat mechanism.

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