JP2021060617A - Display device and electronic apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a display device with which it is possible to heighten the quality of a displayed image by, for example, reducing the moire attributable to the arrangement relation of pixels of a display unit.SOLUTION: A display device comprises a display unit having a display area for displaying a two-dimensional image, and an optical element composed of a plurality of structures for separating the image displayed in the display area into images observed at prescribed observation positions in a row by being spaced apart in the horizontal direction. In the display area are arranged pixels in a matrix form in the horizontal and vertical directions while pixels differing in planar shape are arranged for each row on a given cycle, and the structures of the optical element are arranged so as to be inclined with respect to the vertical direction at an angle that satisfies (J+0.5)/3 (where, J=integer 3 or greater) in units of a number of pixels.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present disclosure relates to display devices, optical elements, and electronic devices. More specifically, the present invention relates to a display device capable of stereoscopic viewing by displaying an image having parallax, an optical element used in the display device capable of stereoscopic viewing, and an electronic device provided with such a display device.

Various display devices are known that realize stereoscopic vision by observing an image with parallax by an image observer. As a naked-eye display device, a combination of an optical element for optical separation consisting of a parallax barrier (parallax barrier) and a lenticular lens equipped with a lens array and a display unit for displaying a two-dimensional image consisting of a liquid crystal display panel or the like. A display device has been proposed (see, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-122733 (Patent Document 1)).

A conceptual diagram of the operation of the naked-eye display device is shown in FIG.

The optical element for optical resolution, which consists of a lenticular lens, causes the _{group of light rays emitted from the pixels with the symbols 2 R} , 4 _R , 6 _R , and 8 _R to reach the viewpoint 1 (see FIG. 29A). Further, the _{group of light rays emitted from the pixels with the symbols 1 L} , 3 _L , 5 _L , and 7 _L reaches the viewpoint 2 (see FIG. 29B). Therefore, at a position at a predetermined distance from the display unit, the image of the viewpoint 1 and the image of the viewpoint 2 are observed independently.

When the right eye and the left eye of the image observer are located at the viewpoint 1 and the viewpoint 2, respectively _{, the image for the right eye is displayed by the pixels with the symbols 2 R} , 4 _R , 6 _R , and 8 _R, and the image for the right eye is displayed with the reference numeral 1 _L. If the image for the left eye is displayed by the pixels with, 3 _L , 5 _L , and 7 _{L, the image observer recognizes the image as a stereoscopic image.}

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 5-122733

With the progress of higher resolution, a display unit having a structure in which pixels having different planar shapes are alternately arranged row by row has been proposed. For example, in a transverse electric field driven liquid crystal display panel such as an InPlane Switching (IPS) system, in order to obtain wide viewing angle characteristics, a plurality of display areas having different planar shapes are provided in one cell. The placed, multi-domain structure was used. However, when the cell area is reduced due to the increase in resolution, it becomes difficult to arrange a plurality of display areas having different planar shapes in one cell. For this reason, the wide viewing angle characteristic is maintained by arranging pixels having different planar shapes alternately for each row.

When a display unit having a structure in which pixels having different planar shapes are arranged at regular intervals for each row and an optical element for optical resolution are combined, it is conceivable that moire may occur due to the arrangement relationship of the pixels in the display unit. .. Further, the surface of the optical element using a lens sheet or the like is preferably flat from the viewpoint of dust removal and scratch resistance. If it is possible to reduce interfacial reflection due to flattening, the quality of the image can be improved.

An object of the present disclosure is to provide a display device, an electronic device, and an optical element capable of improving the quality of a displayed image by reducing moire caused by the arrangement relationship of pixels in a display unit. ..

The display device according to the present disclosure for achieving the above object is
A display unit having a display area for displaying a two-dimensional image, and a display unit
An optical element in which a plurality of structures for separating images displayed in a display area into images observed at predetermined observation positions arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction are arranged.
Is equipped with
In the display area, pixels are arranged in a matrix in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and pixels having different planar shapes are arranged at regular intervals for each row.
The structure of the optical element is arranged so as to be inclined with respect to the vertical direction with an inclination satisfying (J + 0.5) / 3 (where J is an integer of 3 or more) in units of the number of pixels.
It is a display device.

The optical element according to the present disclosure for achieving the above object is
Base material and
A lenticular lens unit formed on a base material and in which a plurality of lenses constituting the structure are arranged.
Includes
The space between the lenticular lens portion and the flat plate facing the lenticular lens portion is filled with a resin layer having a refractive index different from that of the material constituting the lenticular lens portion.
It is an optical element.

The electronic devices according to the present disclosure for achieving the above objectives are
An electronic device equipped with a display device
The display device is
A display unit having a display area for displaying a two-dimensional image, and a display unit
An optical element in which a plurality of structures for separating images displayed in a display area into images observed at predetermined observation positions arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction are arranged.
Is equipped with
In the display area, pixels are arranged in a matrix in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and pixels having different planar shapes are arranged at regular intervals for each row.
The structure of the optical element is arranged so as to be inclined with respect to the vertical direction with an inclination satisfying (J + 0.5) / 3 (where J is an integer of 3 or more) in units of the number of pixels.
It is an electronic device.

In the display device according to the present disclosure, the inclination of the structure of the optical element is set to a predetermined state with respect to the vertical direction. As a result, moire caused by the pixel arrangement relationship such that pixels having different planar shapes are arranged at regular intervals for each row is reduced. Further, in the optical element according to the present disclosure, since the reflection between the flat plate and the lenticular lens portion is reduced, the decrease in contrast due to the reflection at the interface is reduced. Therefore, in the display device and the like according to the present disclosure, the quality of the displayed image can be improved.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view when the display device used in the first embodiment is virtually separated. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a part of the display device. FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a part of a display area in a display unit having a structure in which pixels having different planar shapes are arranged alternately for each row. FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of a part of the optical element and the display area for explaining the arrangement relationship between the structure of the optical element and the pixels in the display area of the display unit. FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view of a part of the optical element and the display area for explaining the arrangement relationship between the structure of the optical element and the pixels in the embodiment of the reference example. FIG. 6 is a drawing-substituting photograph for explaining moire in the embodiment of the reference example. FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view for explaining the relationship between the inclination of the structure of the optical element and the observed pixels. FIG. 8 is _{a schematic plan view showing an example in which the reference numeral LM X} is a non-integer, the reference numeral NP is an odd number, and 2 · LM _X = 3 · NP + (OFS / SL) is satisfied. 9 shows, in the state shown in FIG. 8, the vertical center position of a certain color of a group of pixels observed through a certain structure, and one structure is arranged with respect to the certain structure. It is a schematic plan view for demonstrating the vertical center position of the certain color of a group of pixels observed through a structure. In FIG. 10, when the sign LM _X is a non-integer, the sign NP is an even number, and 2 · LM _X = 3 · NP + (OFS / SL) is satisfied, a group of pixels observed through a certain structure. Explains the vertical center position of a certain color of a certain color and the vertical center position of the certain color of a group of pixels observed through a structure arranged with one structure in between with respect to a certain structure. It is a schematic plan view for this. 11A and 11B are diagrams for explaining the difference between the case where the reference numeral NP is an odd number and the case where the reference numeral NP is an even number, and FIG. 11A extracts and shows the observed central position shown in FIG. 11B is a diagram showing the position of the observed center shown in FIG. 10 extracted. FIG. 12 is a drawing-substituting photograph for explaining moire in the first embodiment. FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a part of the display device for explaining the refractive index of the constituent elements of the optical element. FIG. 14 is a schematic graph for explaining a shape when the lens array constituting the structure is cut in a plane whose normal direction is the extending direction of the lens array. FIG. 15 is a schematic graph for explaining the relationship between the E hardness of the resin layer and the degree of unevenness. FIG. 16 is a schematic graph for explaining the film thickness of the resin layer and the degree of peeling. 17A to 17C are schematic views for explaining a manufacturing method of an optical element or the like used in the first embodiment. 18A and 18B are schematic views for explaining a method of manufacturing the optical element and the like used in the first embodiment, following FIG. 17C. FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram for explaining a method of manufacturing an optical element or the like used in the first embodiment, following FIG. 18B. FIG. 20 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a part of the display device in the first modification of the first embodiment. 21A to 21C are schematic views for explaining a manufacturing method of an optical element or the like used in the first modification of the first embodiment. FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram for explaining a method of manufacturing an optical element or the like used in the first modification of the first embodiment, following FIG. 21C. FIG. 23 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a part of the display device in the second modification of the first embodiment. 24A to 24C are schematic views for explaining a manufacturing method of an optical element or the like used in the second modification of the first embodiment. FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram for explaining a method of manufacturing an optical element or the like used in the second modification of the first embodiment, following FIG. 24C. FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram for explaining another manufacturing method such as an optical element used in the second modification of the first embodiment. FIG. 27 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a part of the display device in the third modification of the first embodiment. 28A and 28B each represent the appearance of a smartphone to which the display device of the embodiment is applied. FIG. 29 shows the appearance of a television device to which the display device of the embodiment is applied. FIG. 30 is a conceptual diagram of a naked eye type display device.

Hereinafter, the present disclosure will be described based on the embodiments with reference to the drawings. The present disclosure is not limited to embodiments, and various numerical values and materials in the embodiments are examples. In the following description, the same reference numerals will be used for the same elements or elements having the same function, and duplicate description will be omitted. The description will be given in the following order.
1. 1. Description of display devices, optical elements, electronic devices, and general related to the present disclosure. First embodiment 3. Application example (example of electronic device), etc.

[Explanation of Display Devices and Optical Elements Related to the Disclosure]
In the display device of the present disclosure, or the display device used for the electronic device of the present disclosure (hereinafter, these may be collectively referred to simply as "the display device of the present disclosure").
The pixels in the display area form a group consisting of three pixels arranged in the row direction.
The horizontal pitch of the structure of the optical element in units of the number of pixels is coded LM _X ,
The inclination of the structure in units of the number of pixels is indicated by the symbol SL,
The vertical center position of a certain color of a group of pixels observed through a certain structure, and the group of pixels observed through a structure arranged with one structure in between with respect to a certain structure. The vertical deviation of a certain color from the vertical center position in units of the number of pixels is indicated by the symbol OFS.
The number of pixel groups included in the horizontal width of the pixels observed through a certain structure and the pixels observed through the structures arranged so as to sandwich one structure with respect to a certain structure. The sign NP,
When expressing
The sign LM _X is a non-integer
The sign NP is odd and
2. LM _X = 3 · NP + (OFS / SL) is satisfied,
It can be configured.

In the display device of the present disclosure including the various preferred configurations described above.
In the display area, two types of pixels having different planar shapes are alternately arranged for each row.
It can be configured.

In the display device of the present disclosure including the various preferred configurations described above.
The display unit consists of a liquid crystal display panel.
It can be configured.

In the display device of the present disclosure including the various preferred configurations described above.
The optical element is
Base material and
A lenticular lens unit formed on a base material and in which a plurality of lenses constituting the structure are arranged.
Includes
The space between the lenticular lens portion and the flat plate facing the lenticular lens portion is filled with a resin layer having a refractive index different from that of the material constituting the lenticular lens portion.
It can be configured.

In the optical element of the present disclosure and the optical element used in the display device of the present disclosure including the various preferable configurations described above (hereinafter, these may be collectively referred to simply as "the optical element of the present disclosure"). ,
The lenses that make up the structure have an aspherical shape,
It can be configured.

In this case
The lenses that make up the structure have a convex lens shape,
The resin layer is made of a resin material having a lower refractive index than the material constituting the structure.
Can be configured, and even more
The refractive index of the resin layer is a value between 1.2 and 1.4,
It can be configured.

Alternatively, in a configuration in which the lenses constituting the structure have an aspherical shape,
The lenses that make up the structure have a concave lens shape,
The resin layer is made of a resin material having a higher refractive index than the material constituting the structure.
Can be configured, and even more
The refractive index of the resin layer is a value between 1.6 and 1.8,
It can be configured.

In the optical elements of the present disclosure including the various preferred configurations described above,
The film thickness of the resin layer is 40 micrometers or more.
It can be configured.

In the optical elements of the present disclosure including the various preferred configurations described above,
The E hardness of the resin layer is 30 or less.
It can be configured.

In the optical elements of the present disclosure including the various preferred configurations described above,
The elastic modulus of the resin layer is 500 kPa or less.
It can be configured.

In the optical elements of the present disclosure including the various preferred configurations described above,
The resin layer is made of UV curable resin material,
It can be configured.

In the display device of the present disclosure or the display device used in the electronic device of the present disclosure (hereinafter, these may be collectively referred to simply as the "display device of the present disclosure"), the drive unit is a display area. Display the image for the right eye on the entire surface of the image data for the right eye is selected from the image data for the right eye, the image data corresponding to the pixel to be displayed for the right eye is selected, the pixel is driven, and the image for the left eye is displayed on the entire surface of the display area. The image data corresponding to the pixel on which the image for the left eye should be displayed can be selected from the image data for the left eye to drive the pixel.

The display device may be configured such that an optical element is arranged between the display unit and the image observer. As the display unit, a liquid crystal display panel, an electroluminescence display panel, or the like can be used. The display unit may be a monochrome display or a color display.

The configuration and arrangement of the optical elements may be appropriately set according to the specifications of the display device and the like. When a parallax barrier is used as the optical element, a fixed parallax barrier may be used, or a dynamically switchable parallax barrier may be used.

The fixed paralux barrier uses a base material made of a well-known transparent material such as resin or glass, and is a combination of a photolithograph method and an etching method, and various methods such as screen printing method, inkjet printing method, and metal mask printing method. It can be formed by a well-known method such as a printing method, a plating method (electroplating method or electroless plating method), or a lift-off method. On the other hand, the dynamically switchable parallax barrier can be configured, for example, by an electrically switchable light bulb with a liquid crystal material layer. The type of material constituting the light bulb using the liquid crystal material layer and the operation mode of the liquid crystal material layer are not particularly limited. In some cases, a monochrome liquid crystal display panel can be used as a dynamic parallax barrier. The size of the opening of the parallax barrier may be appropriately set according to the specifications of the display device and the like.

When a lens sheet is used as the optical element, a lens sheet in which a lens array is formed on a sheet-like base material made of a well-known transparent material, for example, using a photosensitive resin material or the like may be used.

In a configuration in which the display device includes a transmissive display panel and an illumination unit, a widely known illumination unit can be used. The configuration of the lighting unit is not particularly limited. In general, the illumination unit can be composed of well-known members such as a light source, a prism sheet, a diffusion sheet, and a light guide plate.

In the embodiment described later, an active matrix type transmissive liquid crystal display panel is used as a display unit, and an optical element in which a lens array as a structure is formed is used.

The liquid crystal display panel is composed of, for example, a front panel having a transparent common electrode, a rear panel having a transparent pixel electrode, and a liquid crystal material arranged between the front panel and the rear panel. The operation mode of the liquid crystal display panel is not particularly limited. It may be driven in the so-called TN mode, or may be driven in the VA mode or the IPS mode. In the case of a color liquid crystal display panel, a color filter coated with an overcoat layer made of an acrylic resin or an epoxy resin is provided on the inner surface of the substrate, and a transparent common electrode is formed on the overcoat layer. There is.

Specifically, as the value of the resolution (P, Q) of the display unit, VGA (640,480), S-VGA (800,600), XGA (1024,768), APRC (1152,900), S- In addition to XGA (1280,1024), U-XGA (1600,1200), HD-TV (1920,1080), Q-XGA (2048,1536), QFHD (3840,2160), (1920, 1035), ( Some of the image display resolutions, such as 720,480) and (1280,960), can be exemplified, but are not limited to these values.

The drive unit that drives the display unit can be composed of various circuits such as an image signal processing unit, a timing control unit, a data driver, and a gate driver, for example. These can be configured by using well-known circuit elements and the like.

[Explanation of Display Device Used in Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view when the display device used in the embodiment is virtually separated.

As shown in FIG. 1, the display device 1 is
A display unit 10 having a display area 11 for displaying a two-dimensional image, and a display unit 10
An optical element 30 in which a plurality of structures 31 for separating images displayed in the display area 11 into images to be observed at predetermined observation positions arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction are arranged.
It has. The display unit 10 is driven by the drive unit 100.

In the display area 11, the pixels 12 are arranged in a matrix in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and pixels having different planar shapes are arranged at regular intervals for each row. The structure 31 of the optical element 30 is arranged so as to be inclined with respect to the vertical direction with an inclination satisfying (J + 0.5) / 3 (where J is an integer of 3 or more) with the number of pixels 12 as a unit. .. The arrangement relationship of the structure 31 and the pixels 12 will be described in detail later with reference to FIGS. 3 to 11 described later.

More specifically, the drive unit 100
The image data corresponding to the pixel 12 for which the image for the right eye should be displayed is selected from the image data for the right eye that displays the image for the right eye on the entire surface of the display area 11, and the pixel 12 is driven.
The image data corresponding to the pixel 12 for which the image for the left eye should be displayed is selected from the image data for the left eye that displays the image for the left eye on the entire surface of the display area 11, and the pixel 12 is driven. It should be noted that the position of the observer's head can be detected and actively controlled.

The display unit 10 includes a liquid crystal display panel, more specifically, an IPS type color liquid crystal display panel. An illumination unit 20 that irradiates light is arranged on the back surface of the display unit 10.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a part of the display device.

The display unit 10 is composed of a front panel 16 on the optical element 30 side, a rear panel 14 on the lighting unit 20 side, a liquid crystal material layer 15 arranged between the front panel 16 and the rear panel 14, and the like. The wiring layer and the light-shielding layer are not shown. A polarizing plate 13 is arranged on the surface of the rear panel 14 on the side of the illumination unit 20, and a polarizing plate 17 is arranged on the surface of the front panel 16. The polarizing plates 13 and 17 are arranged so as to have a cross Nicole or parallel Nicole relationship according to the specifications of the display unit 10.

The illumination unit 20 is composed of members (not shown) such as a light source, a prism sheet, a diffusion sheet, and a light guide plate. The diffused light through the diffusion sheet or the like is emitted from the light emitting surface 21 shown in FIG. 1 toward the back surface of the display unit 10.

On the front side of the display unit 10, an optical element 30 in which a plurality of structures 31 made of a lenticular lens are arranged is arranged.

The distance between the optical element 30 and the display unit 10 in the Z direction, the pitch of the pixel 12 in the X direction in the X direction, the angle formed by the extension direction of the opening 31 and the Y direction, and the pitch of the opening 31 in the X direction are displayed. It is set so as to satisfy the condition that a preferable stereoscopic image can be observed at the observation position specified in the specifications of the device 1.

As shown in FIG. 1, _{it is assumed that the observation position A U / 4} is set to correspond to the reference position for the right eye, and the observation position A _{3 U / 4} is set to correspond to the reference position for the left eye. The value of the reference numeral U may be set according to the specifications of the display device 1, and may be a value such as 24.

The optical element 30 includes a base material 32 and a lenticular lens portion formed on the base material 32 and in which a plurality of lenses constituting the structure 31 are arranged. For convenience of explanation, reference numeral 31 may be used to indicate the lenticular lens portion. The space between the lenticular lens unit 31 and the flat plate facing the lenticular lens unit 31 (here, the liquid crystal display panel constituting the display unit 10) is filled with a resin layer 33 having a refractive index different from that of the material constituting the lenticular lens unit 31. Has been done. The lens constituting the structure 31 has an aspherical convex lens shape, and the resin layer 33 is made of a resin material having a refractive index lower than that of the material constituting the structure 31. These will be described in detail later with reference to FIGS. 13 to 27 described later.

FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a part of a display area in a display unit having a structure in which pixels having different planar shapes are arranged alternately for each row.

In the display area 11, P pixels in the horizontal direction (X direction in the figure) and Q pixels in the vertical direction (Y direction in the figure), a total of P × Q pixels 12, are arranged in a matrix. A black matrix BM is provided between the pixels 12 and the pixels 12. Pixel 12 in the p-th column (however, p = 1, 2, ..., P) and the qth row (however, q = 1, 2, ..., Q) is the (p, q) -th pixel. It is expressed as 12 or pixel 12 _{(p, q).} In FIG. 3, the red display pixel, the green display pixel, and the blue display pixel are represented by using reference numerals R, G, and B, respectively.

In the display area 11, pixels 12 having different planar shapes are arranged at regular intervals for each row. In the first embodiment, two types of pixels having different planar shapes are alternately arranged row by row in the display area 11. That is, the pixels 12 having a shape inclined in the (+ X, + Y) direction (hereinafter referred to as [A type]) and the pixels having a shape inclined in the (−X, + Y) direction (hereinafter referred to as [B type]). 12 and 12 are arranged alternately for each row.

The pixels 12 are arranged in the order of, for example, a red display pixel in the first column, a green display pixel in the second column, and a blue display pixel in the third column, and the same order is applied to the fourth and subsequent columns. Arranged to repeat. The pixels of the display area 11 form a pixel group composed of three pixels arranged in the row direction. That is, one pixel group is composed of three pixels, a red display pixel, a green display pixel, and a blue display pixel, which are arranged in the row direction.

The resolution of the display unit 10 shown in FIG. 1 is QFHD (3840, 2160). If one pixel of the display unit 10 is composed of a group of red display pixels, green display pixels, and blue display pixels arranged in the horizontal direction, P = 3840 × 3 and Q = 2160. That is, in the above example, P = 11520 and Q = 2160. Further, the display unit 10 has a size of, for example, approximately 13 inches diagonally.

FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of a part of the optical element and the display area for explaining the arrangement relationship between the structure of the optical element and the pixels in the display area of the display unit. For convenience of explanation, the pixels are described as having virtually the same rectangular shape and a tessellation-like shape. Further, the pitch in the X direction of the pixels is represented _{by the symbol PL X} , and the pitch in the Y direction _{is represented by the symbol PL Y.} The relationship is _{PL Y} = 3 × PL _X.

The structure 31 of the optical element 30 is arranged so as to be inclined with respect to the vertical direction. The slope is represented by the symbol SL. The inclination SL is calculated in units of the number of pixels 12. As shown in FIG. 4, for example, when one pixel shifts in the X direction and one pixel shifts in the Y direction, SL = 1/1 = 1. SL = 5/4 = 1.25 when it is said that every time 4 pixels are shifted in the X direction, 5 pixels are shifted in the Y direction. When every time one pixel shifts in the X direction, two pixels shift in the Y direction, SL = 2/1 = 2.

Here, in order to help the understanding of the present disclosure, the phenomenon in the example of the reference example such as the inclination SL = 1.25 of the structure 31 will be described.

FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view of a part of the optical element and the display area for explaining the arrangement relationship between the structure of the optical element and the pixels in the embodiment of the reference example. FIG. 6 is a drawing-substituting photograph for explaining moire in the embodiment of the reference example.

The reference numeral LM _X in FIG. 5 represents the arrangement pitch of the structure 31 in the X direction. Here, the array pitch LM _X = (24/5) × PL _{X is} set.

In the case of the above setting, as shown in FIG. 3, the A-type pixel 12 is mainly observed at a certain position and the B-type pixel 12 is mainly observed at another position due to the arrangement relationship with the pixels having different shapes for each row. Phenomenon such as being observed occurs. This causes moire. The right side of FIG. 6 shows an image obtained by simulation, and the left side of FIG. 6 shows a photograph of an actual machine. Streaky moiré significantly reduces the quality of the displayed image.

As a result of the examination, the inventor has determined that the structure 31 of the optical element 30 has an inclination that satisfies (J + 0.5) / 3 in the vertical direction with the number of pixels 12 as a unit (where J is an integer of 3 or more). It was found that the degree of streak-like moire can be reduced by arranging it so as to be tilted.

FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view for explaining the relationship between the inclination of the structure of the optical element and the observed pixels. For convenience of illustration, the difference in shape is indicated by describing it as [A type] and [B type], and in the illustration, it is represented as having virtually the same rectangular and tessellated shape.

For example, when the inclination SL = 2, a phenomenon occurs in which pixels of the same type ([A type] in the example of the figure) are mainly observed for pixels of the same color (for example, green). Further, when the inclination SL = 2, pixels are observed repeatedly such as [A type], [A type], [B type], and [B type]. On the other hand, in the case of a setting such as inclination SL = (3 + 0.5) / 3, [A type], [B type] and [A type], [B type], [A type] and [B type]. Pixels are observed repeatedly. In this way, since the repetition cycle becomes long, it becomes difficult to visually recognize the pattern due to interference.

Further, in the first embodiment,
The pixels in the display area form a group consisting of three pixels arranged in the row direction.
The horizontal pitch of the structure of the optical element in units of the number of pixels is coded LM _X ,
The inclination of the structure in units of the number of pixels is indicated by the symbol SL,
The vertical center position of a certain color of a group of pixels observed through a certain structure, and the group of pixels observed through a structure arranged with one structure in between with respect to a certain structure. The vertical deviation of a certain color from the vertical center position in units of the number of pixels is indicated by the symbol OFS.
The number of pixel groups included in the horizontal width of the pixels observed through a certain structure and the pixels observed through the structures arranged so as to sandwich one structure with respect to a certain structure. The sign NP,
When expressing
The sign LM _X is a non-integer
The sign NP is odd and
2. LM _X = 3 · NP + (OFS / SL) is satisfied,
Is set to.

Hereinafter, a detailed description will be given with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 8 is _{a schematic plan view showing an example in which the reference numeral LM X} is a non-integer, the reference numeral NP is an odd number, and 2 · LM _X = 3 · NP + (OFS / SL) is satisfied. The relationship is _{GPL X} = 3 × PL _X.

This example shows the case where the code NP = 3, the code OFS = (1 + 1/3), SL = (3 + 0.5) / 3. Pixels of a specific color (green in this case) observed from a certain viewpoint are surrounded by a thick line, and a circle is added to the horizontal center of the pixels.

Here, the distribution of the horizontal centers of the pixels in FIG. 8 will be described.

9 shows, in the state shown in FIG. 8, the vertical center position of a certain color of a group of pixels observed through a certain structure, and one structure is arranged with respect to the certain structure. It is a schematic plan view for demonstrating the vertical center position of the certain color of a group of pixels observed through a structure.

As shown in the figure, the center of the certain color of the pixel group observed through the structure is distributed at a predetermined period on the line extending along the structure. However, it is distributed between adjacent structures with a deviation of about half a cycle.

Here, in order to help understanding of the present disclosure, a case where the reference numeral NP is an even number will be described.

In FIG. 10, when the sign LM _X is a non-integer, the sign NP is an even number, and 2 · LM _X = 3 · NP + (OFS / SL) is satisfied, a group of pixels observed through a certain structure. Explains the vertical center position of a certain color of a certain color and the vertical center position of the certain color of a group of pixels observed through a structure arranged with one structure in between with respect to a certain structure. It is a schematic plan view for this.

Even in this case, the center of the certain color of the pixel group observed through the structure is distributed at a predetermined period on the line extending along the structure. However, there is little cycle lag between adjacent structures.

Next, the significance of setting the code NP to an odd number will be described.

11A and 11B are diagrams for explaining the difference between the case where the reference numeral NP is an odd number and the case where the reference numeral NP is an even number, and FIG. 11A extracts and shows the observed central position shown in FIG. 11B is a diagram showing the position of the observed center shown in FIG. 10 extracted.

As is clear from the comparison with the drawings, in FIG. 11A when the reference numeral NP is an odd number, the degree to which the center of the pixel is aligned on the line is reduced as compared with FIG. 11B when the reference numeral NP is an even number. Therefore, the degree of the striped pattern based on the distribution of the center of the pixel is also reduced.

FIG. 12 is a drawing-substituting photograph for explaining moire in the first embodiment. The right side of FIG. 12 shows an image obtained by simulation, and the left side of FIG. 12 shows a photograph of an actual machine. It can be seen that the vertical stripes are reduced as compared with FIG.

Subsequently, the structure of the optical element 30 will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a part of the display device for explaining the refractive index of the constituent elements of the optical element.

The left side of FIG. 13 shows the configuration of a reference example in which the front plate is arranged in front of the lenticular lens. The front plate faces the lenticular lens portion via a spacer. The base material 32 is made of a transparent material such as soda glass or acrylic, and has a refractive index of about 1.5. The lenticular lens portion 31 is made of an ultraviolet curable resin material. The refractive index of the lenticular lens unit 31 is n _L ≈1.5. The base material 32 and the display unit 10 are adhered by an adhesive layer.

The front plate is made of a transparent material such as soda glass or acrylic, and has a refractive index of n _P ≈ 1.5. The void is an air layer, and the refractive index of the air layer is n _Air ≈1.0.

This configuration has problems such as reflection occurring at the interface between the front plate and the air layer, a decrease in contrast, and an observation of overlapping images.

The right side of FIG. 13 shows the configuration of the first embodiment. The space between the lenticular lens unit 31 and the flat plate facing the lenticular lens unit 31 (here, the liquid crystal display panel constituting the display unit 10) is filled with a resin layer 33 having a refractive index different from that of the material constituting the lenticular lens unit 31. Has been done. The refractive index n _M of the resin layer 33 is set so as to have a relationship of _{n Air} <n _M <n _L.

More specifically, the resin layer 33 is composed of an ultraviolet curable resin material containing a fluorine-based resin as a main material, and has a film thickness of about 90 micrometers and a value of _{n M = 1.32.}

According to this setting, the reflection due to the interface is reduced as compared with the left side of FIG. 13, and the contrast of the image is also improved. In the measurement using MC-2500 (manufactured by KONIKA MINOLTA), the reflectance was 5.4% in the reference example and 2.2% in the configuration of the first embodiment.

In the configuration of the first embodiment, since the difference in refractive index at the interface of the lenticular lens portion is small, the curvature of the lens must be increased. However, if the curvature is simply increased, the aberration also increases.

Therefore, in the first embodiment, an aspherical shape is adopted to reduce aberrations. FIG. 14 is a schematic graph for explaining a shape when the lens array constituting the structure is cut in a plane whose normal direction is the extending direction of the lens array. The solid line shows the aspherical shape adopted this time, and the broken line shows the reference shape of the spherical surface.

Next, the hardness of the resin layer 33 will be described.

The higher the hardness of the resin layer 33, the stronger the stress applied to the display unit 10. As a result, uneven brightness occurs around the display unit 10.

The hardness of the resin layer 33 was changed, and the uneven brightness was evaluated on a 10-point scale out of 5 points. The film thickness of the resin layer 33 was approximately 90 micrometers. The results are shown in FIG.

If the sensory evaluation is 3.0 or higher, the brightness unevenness is within the permissible range. From the results, it was obtained that the brightness unevenness was good when the E hardness was 30 or less, more preferably when the E hardness was 10 or less. The E hardness was measured using a durometer type E. From the same viewpoint, the elastic modulus of the resin layer 33 is preferably 500 kPa or less.

Further, the resin layer 33 is preferably formed to have a film thickness of a certain level or more from the viewpoint of adhesive strength. The peeling was evaluated by changing the film thickness. The results are shown in FIG.

100 kinds of samples with different film thicknesses were prepared and the peeling was evaluated. As a result, when the film thickness was 40 micrometers or more, no peeling was observed. Therefore, the film thickness of the resin layer 33 is preferably 40 micrometers or more.

Next, a method of manufacturing the optical element 30 and the like will be described with reference to FIGS. 17 to 19.

17A to 17C are schematic views for explaining a manufacturing method of an optical element or the like used in the first embodiment. 18A and 18B are schematic views for explaining a method of manufacturing the optical element and the like used in the first embodiment, following FIG. 17C.

First, a base material 32 made of a transparent material is prepared (FIG. 17A), and an ultraviolet curable resin material is applied to the surface thereof using a well-known coating method to form a material layer 31'(FIG. 17B). After that, the lens molding mask 39 is placed on the material layer 31'and irradiated with ultraviolet rays from the base material 32 side (FIG. 17C).

After that, by removing the mask 39, the lenticular lens portion 31 is formed on the base material 32 (FIG. 18A).

Next, the ultraviolet curable resin material that is the source of the resin layer 33 is applied onto the display unit 10 using a well-known coating method to form the material layer 33'(FIG. 18B).

After that, the material layer 33'and the lenticular lens portion 31 are overlapped so as to face each other (FIG. 19). Then, the material layer 33'is cured by irradiating with ultraviolet rays to form the resin layer 33.

Subsequently, a first modification of the first embodiment will be described.

FIG. 20 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a part of the display device in the first modification of the first embodiment.

In the first modification, a laminate composed of the base material 32, the lenticular lens portion 31, the material layer 33, and the film 34 is first formed, and the laminate and the display portion 10 are bonded by the adhesive layer 35.

Next, a method of manufacturing the optical element 30 and the like will be described with reference to FIGS. 21 to 22.

The lenticular lens portion 31 is formed on the base material 32 in the same manner as described with reference to FIGS. 17 to 18 (FIG. 21A). Next, the ultraviolet curable resin material that is the source of the resin layer 33 is applied onto the lenticular lens portion 31 using a well-known coating method to form the material layer 33'(FIG. 21B). After that, for example, a film 34 made of PET is laminated and irradiated with ultraviolet rays to form a laminated body (FIG. 21C). The obtained laminate and the display unit 10 are adhered to each other by an adhesive layer 35 (FIG. 22).

Subsequently, a second modification of the first embodiment will be described.

FIG. 23 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a part of the display device in the second modification of the first embodiment.

The second modification is a configuration in which the base material 32 and the display unit 10 are bonded by an adhesive layer 35.

Next, a method of manufacturing the optical element 30 and the like will be described with reference to FIGS. 24 to 25.

The lenticular lens portion 31 is formed on the base material 32 in the same manner as described with reference to FIGS. 17 to 18 (FIG. 24A). Next, the ultraviolet curable resin material that is the source of the resin layer 33 is applied onto the lenticular lens portion 31 using a well-known coating method to form the material layer 33'(FIG. 24B). After that, for example, the front plate 36 made of a glass material is laminated and irradiated with ultraviolet rays to form a laminated body (FIG. 24C). The obtained laminate and the display unit 10 are adhered to each other by an adhesive layer 35 (FIG. 25).

After the lenticular lens shown in FIG. 24A and the display unit 10 are adhered to each other by the adhesive layer 35, a material layer 33'is formed on the lenticular lens unit 31, and then a front plate 36 made of, for example, a glass material is laminated. It may be configured to irradiate ultraviolet rays (FIG. 26).

Subsequently, a third modification of the first embodiment will be described.

FIG. 27 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a part of the display device in the third modification of the first embodiment.

In this modification, the lens constituting the structure 31 has a concave lens shape. In order to ensure the lens characteristics, the resin layer 33 is made of a resin material having a higher refractive index than the material constituting the structure 31. For example, it is preferable that the refractive index of the structure 31 is n _L ≈ 1.3 and the refractive index of the resin layer 33 is n _M ≈ 1.6 to 1.8.

[Application example (example of electronic device)]
An example of application of the above-mentioned display device to an electronic device will be described. Examples of the electronic device include an electronic device that displays a video signal input from the outside or a video signal generated inside as an image or a video.
(Application example 1)
28A and 28B each show the appearance of a smartphone to which the display device of the above embodiment is applied. The smartphones 200, 200'have, for example, video display screen units 201, 201'. The video display screen units 200 and 201'are configured by the display device of the above embodiment. By applying the display device of the above embodiment, it is possible to display a stereoscopic image with less crosstalk, which can contribute to quality improvement of the smartphones 200 and 201'.

(Application example 2)
FIG. 29 shows the appearance of a television device to which the display device of the above embodiment is applied. The television device 300 has, for example, a video display screen unit 301. The video display screen unit 301 is configured by the display device of the embodiment. By applying the display device of the above embodiment, it is possible to display a stereoscopic image with less crosstalk by applying the display device of the above embodiment, which contributes to quality improvement of the television device 300. can do.

Although the embodiments of the present disclosure have been specifically described above, the present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications based on the technical idea of the present disclosure are possible. For example, the numerical values, structures, substrates, raw materials, processes, etc. mentioned in the above-described embodiments are merely examples, and numerical values, structures, substrates, raw materials, processes, etc. different from these may be used as necessary.

The technology of the present disclosure can also have the following configurations.
[A1]
A display unit having a display area for displaying a two-dimensional image, and a display unit
An optical element in which a plurality of structures for separating images displayed in a display area into images observed at predetermined observation positions arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction are arranged.
Is equipped with
In the display area, pixels are arranged in a matrix in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and pixels having different planar shapes are arranged at regular intervals for each row.
The structure of the optical element is arranged so as to be inclined with respect to the vertical direction with an inclination satisfying (J + 0.5) / 3 (where J is an integer of 3 or more) in units of the number of pixels.
Display device.
[A2]
The pixels in the display area form a group consisting of three pixels arranged in the row direction.
The horizontal pitch of the structure of the optical element in units of the number of pixels is coded LM _X ,
The inclination of the structure in units of the number of pixels is indicated by the symbol SL,
The vertical center position of a certain color of a group of pixels observed through a certain structure, and the group of pixels observed through a structure arranged with one structure in between with respect to a certain structure. The vertical deviation of a certain color from the vertical center position in units of the number of pixels is indicated by the symbol OFS.
The number of pixel groups included in the horizontal width of the pixels observed through a certain structure and the pixels observed through the structures arranged so as to sandwich one structure with respect to a certain structure. The sign NP,
When expressing
The sign LM _X is a non-integer
The sign NP is odd and
2. LM _X = 3 · NP + (OFS / SL) is satisfied,
The display device according to the above [A1].
[A3]
In the display area, two types of pixels having different planar shapes are alternately arranged for each row.
The display device according to the above [A1] or [A2].
[A4]
The display unit consists of a liquid crystal display panel.
The display device according to any one of the above [A1] to [A3].
[A5]
The optical element is
Base material and
A lenticular lens unit formed on a base material and in which a plurality of lenses constituting the structure are arranged.
Includes
The space between the lenticular lens portion and the flat plate facing the lenticular lens portion is filled with a resin layer having a refractive index different from that of the material constituting the lenticular lens portion.
The display device according to any one of the above [A1] to [A4].
[A6]
The lenses that make up the structure have an aspherical shape,
The display device according to the above [A5].
[A7]
The lenses that make up the structure have a convex lens shape,
The resin layer is made of a resin material having a lower refractive index than the material constituting the structure.
The display device according to the above [A5] or [A6].
[A8]
The refractive index of the resin layer is a value between 1.2 and 1.4,
The display device according to the above [A7].
[A9]
The lenses that make up the structure have a concave lens shape,
The resin layer is made of a resin material having a higher refractive index than the material constituting the structure.
The display device according to the above [A5] or [A6].
[A10]
The refractive index of the resin layer is a value between 1.6 and 1.8,
The display device according to the above [A9].
[A11]
The film thickness of the resin layer is 40 micrometers or more.
The display device according to any one of the above [A5] to [A10].
[A12]
The E hardness of the resin layer is 30 or less.
The display device according to any one of the above [A5] to [A11].
[A13]
The elastic modulus of the resin layer is 500 kPa or less.
The display device according to any one of the above [A5] to [A12].
[A14]
The resin layer is made of UV curable resin material,
The display device according to any one of the above [A5] to [A13].
[B1]
Base material and
A lenticular lens unit formed on a base material and in which a plurality of lenses constituting the structure are arranged.
Includes
The space between the lenticular lens portion and the flat plate facing the lenticular lens portion is filled with a resin layer having a refractive index different from that of the material constituting the lenticular lens portion.
Optical element.
[B2]
The lenses that make up the structure have an aspherical shape,
The optical element according to the above [B1].
[B3]
The lenses that make up the structure have a convex lens shape,
The resin layer is made of a resin material having a lower refractive index than the material constituting the structure.
The optical element according to the above [B1] or [B2].
[B4]
The refractive index of the resin layer is a value between 1.2 and 1.4,
The optical element according to the above [B3].
[B5]
The lenses that make up the structure have a concave lens shape,
The resin layer is made of a resin material having a higher refractive index than the material constituting the structure.
The optical element according to the above [B1] or [B2].
[B6]
The refractive index of the resin layer is a value between 1.6 and 1.8,
The optical element according to the above [B5].
[B7]
The film thickness of the resin layer is 40 micrometers or more.
The optical element according to any one of the above [B1] to [B6].
[B8]
The E hardness of the resin layer is 30 or less.
The optical element according to any one of the above [B1] to [B7].
[B9]
The elastic modulus of the resin layer is 500 kPa or less.
The optical element according to any one of the above [B1] to [B8].
[B10]
The resin layer is made of UV curable resin material,
The optical element according to any one of the above [B1] to [B9].
[B11]
The flat plate consists of a liquid crystal display panel,
The optical element according to any one of the above [B1] to [B10].
[C1]
An electronic device equipped with a display device
The display device is
A display unit having a display area for displaying a two-dimensional image, and a display unit
An optical element in which a plurality of structures for separating images displayed in a display area into images observed at predetermined observation positions arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction are arranged.
Is equipped with
In the display area, pixels are arranged in a matrix in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and pixels having different planar shapes are arranged at regular intervals for each row.
The structure of the optical element is arranged so as to be inclined with respect to the vertical direction with an inclination satisfying (J + 0.5) / 3 (where J is an integer of 3 or more) in units of the number of pixels.
Electronics.
[C2]
The pixels in the display area form a group consisting of three pixels arranged in the row direction.
The horizontal pitch of the structure of the optical element in units of the number of pixels is coded LM _X ,
The inclination of the structure in units of the number of pixels is indicated by the symbol SL,
The vertical center position of a certain color of a group of pixels observed through a certain structure, and the group of pixels observed through a structure arranged with one structure in between with respect to a certain structure. The vertical deviation of a certain color from the vertical center position in units of the number of pixels is indicated by the symbol OFS.
The number of pixel groups included in the horizontal width of the pixels observed through a certain structure and the pixels observed through the structures arranged so as to sandwich one structure with respect to a certain structure. The sign NP,
When expressing
The sign LM _X is a non-integer
The sign NP is odd and
2. LM _X = 3 · NP + (OFS / SL) is satisfied,
The electronic device according to the above [C1].
[C3]
In the display area, two types of pixels having different planar shapes are alternately arranged for each row.
The electronic device according to the above [C1] or [C2].
[C4]
The display unit consists of a liquid crystal display panel.
The electronic device according to any one of the above [C1] to [C3].
[C5]
The optical element is
Base material and
A lenticular lens unit formed on a base material and in which a plurality of lenses constituting the structure are arranged.
Includes
The space between the lenticular lens portion and the flat plate facing the lenticular lens portion is filled with a resin layer having a refractive index different from that of the material constituting the lenticular lens portion.
The electronic device according to any one of the above [C1] to [C4].
[C6]
The lenses that make up the structure have an aspherical shape,
The electronic device according to the above [C5].
[C7]
The lenses that make up the structure have a convex lens shape,
The resin layer is made of a resin material having a lower refractive index than the material constituting the structure.
The electronic device according to the above [C5] or [C6].
[C8]
The refractive index of the resin layer is a value between 1.2 and 1.4,
The electronic device according to the above [C7].
[C9]
The lenses that make up the structure have a concave lens shape,
The resin layer is made of a resin material having a higher refractive index than the material constituting the structure.
The electronic device according to the above [C5] or [C6].
[C10]
The refractive index of the resin layer is a value between 1.6 and 1.8,
The electronic device according to the above [C9].
[C11]
The film thickness of the resin layer is 40 micrometers or more.
The electronic device according to any one of the above [C5] to [C10].
[C12]
The E hardness of the resin layer is 30 or less.
The electronic device according to any one of the above [C5] to [C11].
[C13]
The elastic modulus of the resin layer is 500 kPa or less.
The electronic device according to any one of the above [C5] to [C12].
[C14]
The resin layer is made of UV curable resin material,
The electronic device according to any one of the above [C5] to [C13].

1 ... Display device, 10 ... Display unit, 11 ... Display area, 12 ... Pixels, 13 ... Polarizing plate, 14 ... Substrate, 15 ... Liquid crystal material layer, 16. .. Substrate, 17 ... Polarizing plate, 20 ... Illumination part, 21 ... Light emitting surface, 30 ... Optical element, 31 ... Structure (lenticular lens part), 31'... Material Layer, 32 ... Base material, 33 ... Resin layer, 33'... Material layer, 34 ... Film, 35 ... Adhesive layer, 32 ... Base material, 40 ... Optical element , 41 ... structure, 42 ... base material, 43 ... low-polarizing resin layer, 44 ... front plate, 45 ... substrate, 100 ... drive unit, 200, 200'...・ Smartphone, 200, 201'・ ・ ・ Video display screen part, 300 ・ ・ ・ Television device, 301 ・ ・ ・ Video display screen part, BM ・ ・ ・ Black matrix, DR ・ ・ ・ Image data for right eye, DL ・・ ・ Image data for left eye, A _{1 to} A _U・ ・ ・ Observation position, SL ・ ・ ・ Structure tilt, PL _X・ ・ ・ Pitch in X direction of pixel, PL _Y・ ・ ・ Pitch in Y direction of pixel, GPL _X : X-direction pitch of the pixel group, LM _X : X-direction pitch of the structure

The optical element for optical resolution, which consists of a lenticular lens, causes the group of light rays emitted from the pixels with _{the symbols 2 R} , 4 _R , 6 _R , and 8 _R to reach the viewpoint 1 (see FIG. 30A ). Further, the group of light rays emitted from the pixels with _{the symbols 1 L} , 3 _L , 5 _L , and 7 _L reaches the viewpoint 2 (see FIG. 30B ). Therefore, at a position at a predetermined distance from the display unit, the image of the viewpoint 1 and the image of the viewpoint 2 are observed independently.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view when the display device used in the first embodiment is virtually separated. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a part of the display device. FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a part of a display area in a display unit having a structure in which pixels having different planar shapes are arranged alternately for each row. FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of a part of the optical element and the display area for explaining the arrangement relationship between the structure of the optical element and the pixels in the display area of the display unit. FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view of a part of the optical element and the display area for explaining the arrangement relationship between the structure of the optical element and the pixels in the embodiment of the reference example. FIG. 6 is a drawing-substituting photograph for explaining moire in the embodiment of the reference example. FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view for explaining the relationship between the inclination of the structure of the optical element and the observed pixels. FIG. 8 is _{a schematic plan view showing an example in which the reference numeral LM X} is a non-integer, the reference numeral NP is an odd number, and 2 · LM _X = 3 · NP + (OFS / SL) is satisfied. 9 shows, in the state shown in FIG. 8, the vertical center position of a certain color of a group of pixels observed through a certain structure, and one structure is arranged with respect to the certain structure. It is a schematic plan view for demonstrating the vertical center position of the certain color of a group of pixels observed through a structure. In FIG. 10, when the sign LM _X is a non-integer, the sign NP is an even number, and 2 · LM _X = 3 · NP + (OFS / SL) is satisfied, a group of pixels observed through a certain structure. Explains the vertical center position of a certain color of a certain color and the vertical center position of the certain color of a group of pixels observed through a structure arranged with one structure in between with respect to a certain structure. It is a schematic plan view for this. 11A and 11B are diagrams for explaining the difference between the case where the reference numeral NP is an odd number and the case where the reference numeral NP is an even number, and FIG. 11A extracts and shows the observed central position shown in FIG. 11B is a diagram showing the position of the observed center shown in FIG. 10 extracted. FIG. 12 is a drawing-substituting photograph for explaining moire in the first embodiment. FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a part of the display device for explaining the refractive index of the constituent elements of the optical element. FIG. 14 is a schematic graph for explaining a shape when the lens array constituting the structure is cut in a plane whose normal direction is the extending direction of the lens array. FIG. 15 is a schematic graph for explaining the relationship between the E hardness of the resin layer and the degree of unevenness. FIG. 16 is a schematic graph for explaining the film thickness of the resin layer and the degree of peeling. 17A to 17C are schematic views for explaining a manufacturing method of an optical element or the like used in the first embodiment. 18A and 18B are schematic views for explaining a method of manufacturing the optical element and the like used in the first embodiment, following FIG. 17C. FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram for explaining a method of manufacturing an optical element or the like used in the first embodiment, following FIG. 18B. FIG. 20 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a part of the display device in the first modification of the first embodiment. 21A to 21C are schematic views for explaining a manufacturing method of an optical element or the like used in the first modification of the first embodiment. FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram for explaining a method of manufacturing an optical element or the like used in the first modification of the first embodiment, following FIG. 21C. FIG. 23 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a part of the display device in the second modification of the first embodiment. 24A to 24C are schematic views for explaining a manufacturing method of an optical element or the like used in the second modification of the first embodiment. FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram for explaining a method of manufacturing an optical element or the like used in the second modification of the first embodiment, following FIG. 24C. FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram for explaining another manufacturing method such as an optical element used in the second modification of the first embodiment. FIG. 27 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a part of the display device in the third modification of the first embodiment. 28A and 28B each represent the appearance of a smartphone to which the display device of the embodiment is applied. FIG. 29 shows the appearance of a television device to which the display device of the embodiment is applied. 30A and 30B are conceptual diagrams of a naked-eye display device.

Claims (17)

A display unit having a display area for displaying a two-dimensional image, and a display unit
An optical element in which a plurality of structures for separating images displayed in a display area into images observed at predetermined observation positions arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction are arranged.
Is equipped with
In the display area, pixels are arranged in a matrix in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and pixels having different planar shapes are arranged at regular intervals for each row.
The structure of the optical element is arranged so as to be inclined with respect to the vertical direction with an inclination satisfying (J + 0.5) / 3 (where J is an integer of 3 or more) in units of the number of pixels.
Display device. The pixels in the display area form a group consisting of three pixels arranged in the row direction.
The horizontal pitch of the structure of the optical element in units of the number of pixels is coded LM _X ,
The inclination of the structure in units of the number of pixels is indicated by the symbol SL,
The vertical center position of a certain color of a group of pixels observed through a certain structure, and the group of pixels observed through a structure arranged with one structure in between with respect to a certain structure. The vertical deviation of a certain color from the vertical center position in units of the number of pixels is indicated by the symbol OFS.
The number of pixel groups included in the horizontal width of the pixels observed through a certain structure and the pixels observed through the structures arranged so as to sandwich one structure with respect to a certain structure. The sign NP,
When expressing
The sign LM _X is a non-integer
The sign NP is odd and
2. LM _X = 3 · NP + (OFS / SL) is satisfied,
The display device according to claim 1. In the display area, two types of pixels having different planar shapes are alternately arranged for each row.
The display device according to claim 1. The display unit consists of a liquid crystal display panel.
The display device according to claim 1. The optical element is
Base material and
A lenticular lens unit formed on a base material and in which a plurality of lenses constituting the structure are arranged.
Includes
The space between the lenticular lens portion and the flat plate facing the lenticular lens portion is filled with a resin layer having a refractive index different from that of the material constituting the lenticular lens portion.
The display device according to claim 1. Base material and
A lenticular lens unit formed on a base material and in which a plurality of lenses constituting the structure are arranged.
Includes
The space between the lenticular lens portion and the flat plate facing the lenticular lens portion is filled with a resin layer having a refractive index different from that of the material constituting the lenticular lens portion.
Optical element. The lenses that make up the structure have an aspherical shape,
The optical element according to claim 6. The lenses that make up the structure have a convex lens shape,
The resin layer is made of a resin material having a lower refractive index than the material constituting the structure.
The optical element according to claim 6. The refractive index of the resin layer is a value between 1.2 and 1.4,
The optical element according to claim 8. The lenses that make up the structure have a concave lens shape,
The resin layer is made of a resin material having a higher refractive index than the material constituting the structure.
The optical element according to claim 6. The refractive index of the resin layer is a value between 1.6 and 1.8,
The optical element according to claim 10. The film thickness of the resin layer is 40 micrometers or more.
The optical element according to claim 6. The E hardness of the resin layer is 30 or less.
The optical element according to claim 6. The elastic modulus of the resin layer is 500 kPa or less.
The optical element according to claim 6. The resin layer is made of UV curable resin material,
The optical element according to claim 6. The flat plate consists of a liquid crystal display panel,
The optical element according to claim 6. An electronic device equipped with a display device
The display device is
A display unit having a display area for displaying a two-dimensional image, and a display unit
An optical element in which a plurality of structures for separating images displayed in a display area into images observed at predetermined observation positions arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction are arranged.
Is equipped with
In the display area, pixels are arranged in a matrix in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and pixels having different planar shapes are arranged at regular intervals for each row.
The structure of the optical element is arranged so as to be inclined with respect to the vertical direction with an inclination satisfying (J + 0.5) / 3 (where J is an integer of 3 or more) in units of the number of pixels.
Electronics.

Images