JP2021055677A - Thrust bearing device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a thrust bearing device capable of elastically supporting a stationary plate even in a case where a large load is applied from a rotary plate, and at the same time, capable of absorbing an assembly error.SOLUTION: In order to solve this problem, the present invention provides a thrust bearing device in which when a vertical rotary electric machine is stationary, a convex part is bent to the extent that a stationary plate and a plate-shaped elastic body do not come into contact with each other except for a contact portion between the top surface of the convex part and the bottom surface of a concave part, and in a process of operating the vertical rotary electric machine and increasing the load received from a rotary plate, the convex part has an elastic force such that the convex part is bent to the extent that the stationary plate and the plate-shaped elastic body come into contact with each other on the entire surface.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a thrust bearing device used in a vertical shaft type rotary electric machine.

Thrust bearing devices generally used in vertical shaft type rotary electric machines, for example, water turbine generators or pumping power generators, support the weight of the rotating body of the generator and the water turbine and the water thrust generated by the operation of the rotary electric machine. With the recent increase in high speed and capacity of rotating electric machines, the water thrust during operation may reach three times the weight of the rotating body.

FIG. 15 is a vertical cross-sectional view schematically showing a thrust bearing device of the prior art. A thrust collar 2 is attached to the rotating shaft 1, and a rotating plate 3 is provided below the thrust collar 2. A sliding member 5 having a lower rigidity than the stationary plate 4 is attached to the upper portion of the stationary plate 4 to form a sliding surface with the rotating plate 3. The oil tank 8 is filled with lubricating oil to lubricate the sliding surface. The stationary plate 4 is provided on the support plate 7 via the coil spring 6. A guide bearing 9 is fixed to the oil tank 8 via a support member 18 so as to surround the thrust collar 2. FIG. 16 is a plan view showing the arrangement of the stationary plates 4, in which a plurality of fan-shaped stationary plates 4 are arranged radially around the rotation shaft 1.

FIG. 17 shows a detailed view around one stationary plate. When the rotating plate 3 rotates, lubricating oil is caught in the gap between the stationary plate 4 and the sliding member 5, and an oil film 10 is formed. The gap is several tens to ten
Since the lubricating oil adhering to the rotating plate 3 flows into the narrow gap of about several hundred μm at a high speed of several tens of m / s, pressure is generated in the oil film 10, and the weight of the rotating shaft and water during operation are generated. Thrust is supported. The coil spring 6 that supports the stationary plate 4 has the following two functions.

(Function 1) During the operation of the rotary electric machine, the rotation speed fluctuates and the load fluctuates due to water thrust.

By making the stationary plate 4 elastically supported, the position and inclination of the stationary plate 4 are given a degree of freedom, and an appropriate oil film shape and oil film pressure are maintained even if the above fluctuations occur.

(Function 2) When assembling the rotary electric machine, the inclination of the rotating shaft and the difference in height between the stationary plates may occur.

By making the stationary plate 4 elastically supported, the above-mentioned assembly error is absorbed, and the load applied to each stationary plate 4 during operation is maintained evenly.

In the thrust bearing device of the prior art, the installation density of the coil springs that support each stationary plate may become coarser toward the upstream side of rotation. FIG. 18 is an example thereof, and the number of coil springs 6 in rows A and B is reduced as compared with FIG. With such a configuration, the support rigidity of the stationary plate decreases toward the upstream side of rotation, and as shown in the lower figure of FIG. 18, the stationary plate 4 tilts so that the oil film becomes thinner from the upstream side of rotation toward the downstream side. It will be easier. resulting in,
The wedge film effect promotes the generation of oil film pressure, and the load capacity of the thrust bearing can be improved.

In recent years, in order to improve the efficiency of rotary electric machines, it has been desired to reduce the mechanical loss of thrust bearing devices. For that purpose, it is effective to reduce the size of the thrust bearing device, but if the number of coil springs is reduced for the purpose of miniaturization, the load applied to each coil spring becomes large. However, due to the structure of the coil spring, stress concentration may occur in a part of the member, and especially when a large water thrust acts during operation, there is a risk that the strength limit of the material is reached and the above (function 1) is impaired. ..

Against this background, as in Patent Document 1, a thrust bearing device has been proposed in which a stationary plate is supported by a flat plate-shaped elastic body made of rubber or resin instead of a coil spring. The plate-shaped elastic body is characterized in that stress concentration is unlikely to occur due to its structure, and the above (function 1) can be maintained even when a large load is applied.

Japanese Patent No. 5185377

The plate-shaped elastic body described in Patent Document 1 and the like has a degree of freedom in the position and inclination of the stationary plate by elastic deformation in the thickness direction, and the amount of deformation is compared with a coil spring in which the wire rod is elastically deformed. Is small. Therefore, the above-mentioned (function 2) "function of absorbing the assembly error and maintaining the load applied to each stationary plate evenly during operation" is more disadvantageous than the coil spring, and the assembly error is managed more strictly. There is a need.

An object of the present invention is to solve a disadvantage of the prior art that it is difficult to absorb an assembly error while maintaining the advantage of the prior art that it can withstand a large load in a thrust bearing device that supports a stationary plate with a plate-shaped elastic body. That is.

In the present invention, when the vertical shaft type rotary electric machine is stationary, the convex portion is bent to such an extent that the stationary plate and the plate-shaped elastic body do not come into contact with each other except for the contact portion between the top surface of the convex portion and the bottom surface of the concave portion. A thrust bearing device in which the convex portion has an elastic force such that the convex portion bends to the extent that the stationary plate and the plate-shaped elastic body come into contact with each other in the process of operating the rotary electric machine and increasing the load received from the rotating plate. provide.

In the present invention, by improving the structure of the plate-shaped elastic body and the stationary plate, a problem that cannot be solved at the same time by the conventional structure, that is, elastically supporting the stationary plate even when a large load is applied from the rotating plate. , It is possible to solve the problem of absorbing assembly errors at the same time.

Thrust bearing device of the first embodiment (state in which the load received from the rotating plate is small) Thrust bearing device of the first embodiment (state in which the load received from the rotating plate is large) The figure which shows an example of the sliding direction in the thrust bearing apparatus of the structure which disassembles and assembles by sliding a single stationary plate in a horizontal plane. Thrust bearing device of the second embodiment The figure which shows the modification of 2nd Embodiment Thrust bearing device of the third embodiment (state in which the load received from the rotating plate is small) Thrust bearing device of the third embodiment (state in which the load received from the rotating plate is large) Thrust bearing device of the fourth embodiment The figure which shows the operation of the thrust bearing apparatus of 4th Embodiment Thrust bearing device of the fifth embodiment (applicable to the thrust bearing device of the first embodiment) Thrust bearing device of the fifth embodiment (applicable to the thrust bearing device of the third embodiment) Thrust bearing device of the sixth embodiment (applicable to the thrust bearing device of the first embodiment) Thrust bearing device of the sixth embodiment (applicable to the thrust bearing device of the third embodiment) Thrust bearing device of the 7th embodiment (applicable to the thrust bearing device of the 1st embodiment) Thrust bearing device of the 7th embodiment (applicable to the thrust bearing device of the 3rd embodiment) Conventional Thrust Bearing Device (Vertical Section) Conventional thrust bearing device (plan view) Conventional thrust bearing device (detailed view around one stationary plate) Conventional thrust bearing device (when the installation density of the coil spring is changed)

<First Embodiment>
(Constitution)
FIG. 1 is a thrust bearing device of the first embodiment. This embodiment is premised on a bearing device in which the coil spring in the thrust bearing device (FIG. 17) of the prior art is replaced with a plate-shaped elastic body. In FIG. 1, the stationary plate 4 facing the rotating plate 3 is supported by the plate-shaped elastic body 11. As the material of the plate-shaped elastic body 11, rubber or resin, which is more easily elastically deformed than metal, can be considered. A convex portion 12 is provided on the upper surface of the plate-shaped elastic body 11, and a concave portion 13 is provided on the lower surface of the stationary plate 4 at a position facing the convex portion 12. The height of each convex portion 12 is made larger than the depth of the concave portion 13 facing the convex portion 12, and the stationary plate 4 is provided so that the top surface of each convex portion 12 and the bottom surface of the opposing concave portion 13 are in contact with each other.
Is placed on the plate-shaped elastic body 11.

In the above configuration, at least one plate-shaped elastic body 11 is prepared for one stationary plate 4.
This can be achieved by processing the convex portion 12 on the plate-shaped elastic body 11.

That is, when the vertical shaft type rotary electric machine is stationary, the stationary plate 4 and the plate-shaped elastic body 11 are formed by the convex portion 12.
The convex portion 1 exerts an elastic force that causes the convex portion 12 to bend so as not to contact the portion other than the contact portion between the concave portion 13 and the concave portion 13.
2 has, and in the process of operating the vertical shaft type rotary electric machine and increasing the load received from the rotary plate 3, FIG.
As shown in the above, the convex portion 12 has an elastic force such that the convex portion 12 bends to such an extent that the stationary plate 4 and the plate-shaped elastic body 11 are in full contact with each other.

(Action)
FIG. 1 assumes a state in which the load received by the stationary plate 4 from the rotating plate 3 is relatively small when the rotating electric machine is assembled and the rotating electric machine is in a stationary state. Since the height of each convex portion 12 is larger than the depth of the concave portion 13 facing the convex portion 12, the stationary plate 4 and the plate-shaped elastic body 11 do not come into full contact with each other, and the convex portion 12
Only the top surface of the recess 13 and the bottom surface of the recess 13 come into contact with each other. Since the members come into contact with each other in such a narrow area, the convex portion 12 of the plate-shaped elastic body can be easily deformed.

FIG. 2 assumes a state in which the stationary plate 4 receives a relatively large load from the rotating plate 3 in the process of increasing the load received from the rotating plate 3 in the operating state of the rotating electric machine. As the deformation of the convex portion 12 progresses as the load increases, the stationary plate 4 and the plate-shaped elastic body 11 come into contact with each other on the entire surface as shown in the figure.

(effect)
When assembling the rotary electric machine, only the weight of the rotating body acts on the thrust bearing device. This is a state in which the load received by the stationary plate 4 from the rotating plate 3 is relatively small as shown in FIG. 1, and the convex portion 12 of the plate-shaped elastic body can be easily deformed, so that an assembly error can be absorbed. ..

During operation of the rotary electric machine, a large amount of water thrust may act on the thrust bearing device in addition to the weight of the rotating body. This is a state in which the load received by the stationary plate 4 from the rotating plate 3 is relatively large as shown in FIG. 2, and the stationary plate 4 and the plate-shaped elastic body 11 are in contact with each other on the entire surface. Equivalent elasticity can be obtained.

From the above, the stationary plate can be elastically supported even when a large load is applied from the rotating plate.
In addition, a plate-shaped elastic body that can absorb assembly errors can be obtained.

In this embodiment, at least one plate-shaped elastic body may be arranged for one stationary plate. Therefore, a conventional thrust bearing device in which a large number of coil springs are arranged (FIGS. 17 and 18).
Compared with, the assembly work becomes easier.

<Second Embodiment>
(Constitution)
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the sliding direction in a thrust bearing device having a structure in which a single stationary plate is slid in a horizontal plane for disassembly and assembly. In the maintenance and inspection of the thrust bearing device, the rotating shaft 1 may be floated by a hydraulic jack or the like, and the stationary plate 4 alone may be slid in a horizontal plane for disassembly and assembly. In that case, in order to prevent the stationary plates 4 from interfering with each other, the slide direction 16 may be the outer diameter direction of each stationary plate 4.

FIG. 4 is a thrust bearing device of the second embodiment. In the thrust bearing device of the first embodiment, the concave portion 13 provided on the lower surface of the stationary plate 4 and the convex portion 12 provided on the upper surface of the plate-shaped elastic body 11.
Is formed to have a shape that continuously extends in parallel with the slide direction 16.

(Action)
When the stationary plate 4 is slid and disassembled and assembled, the convex portion 12 processed into the plate-shaped elastic body 11 serves as a guide.

(effect)
The guide facilitates the disassembly and assembly work of the stationary plate 4.

In the present embodiment, the convex portion 12 provided on the upper surface of the plate-shaped elastic body 11 has a continuous shape.
As shown in FIG. 4a, the same action and effect can be obtained even if a plurality of convex portions 12 are provided discontinuously in parallel with the slide direction 16.

<Third Embodiment>
(Constitution)
FIG. 5 is a thrust bearing device of the third embodiment. This embodiment is premised on a bearing device in which the coil spring in the thrust bearing device (FIG. 17) of the prior art is replaced with an elastic segment. In FIG. 5, the stationary plate 4 facing the rotating plate 3 is supported by a plurality of elastic body segments 14. Each elastic body segment 14 is composed of an upper lid 15 and a plate-shaped elastic body 11 below the upper lid 15, and a convex portion 12 is provided on the upper surface of the plate-shaped elastic body 11 so as to face the convex portion 12 on the lower surface of the upper lid 15. A recess 13 is provided at the position. The height of each convex portion 12 is the concave portion 1 facing it.
The upper lid 15 is placed on the plate-shaped elastic body 11 so as to be larger than the depth of 3 so that the top surface of each convex portion 12 and the bottom surface of the opposite concave portion 13 come into contact with each other.

When the vertical rotary electric machine is stationary, the convex portion exerts an elastic force such that the upper lid 15 and the plate-shaped elastic body 11 bend so that the convex portion 12 does not contact other than the contact portion between the convex portion 12 and the concave portion 13. 12 is provided, and as shown in FIG. 6, the upper lid 15 and the plate-shaped elastic body 11 are convex to the extent that they come into full contact with each other in the process of operating the vertical shaft type rotary electric machine and increasing the load received from the rotating plate 3. The convex portion 12 has an elastic force that causes the portion 12 to bend.

(Action)
FIG. 5 assumes a state in which the load received by the stationary plate 4 from the rotating plate 3 is relatively small. Since the height of each convex portion 12 is larger than the depth of the concave portion 13 facing the convex portion 12, the upper lid 15 and the plate-shaped elastic body 11 do not come into full contact with each other, but only the top surface of the convex portion 12 and the bottom surface of the concave portion 13. To do. Since the members come into contact with each other in such a narrow area, the convex portion 12 of the plate-shaped elastic body can be easily deformed.

FIG. 6 assumes a state in which the static plate 4 receives a relatively large load from the rotating plate 3. As the deformation of the convex portion 12 progresses as the load increases, the upper lid 4 and the plate-shaped elastic body 11 come into contact with each other on the entire surface as shown in the figure.

(effect)
Similar to the first embodiment, a plate-shaped elastic body that can elastically support the stationary plate even when a large load is applied from the rotating plate and can absorb assembly errors can be obtained.

Since a plurality of elastic body segments are arranged, the labor of assembling work is the same as that of the thrust bearing device (FIGS. 17 and 18) of the prior art, but since the elastic body segments can be arranged at arbitrary positions, the first embodiment The degree of freedom in design is greater than that.

<Fourth Embodiment>
(Constitution)
FIG. 7 is a thrust bearing device according to a fourth embodiment. This embodiment is premised on the thrust bearing device of the third embodiment, and the installation density of the elastic segment 14 is made coarser toward the upstream side of rotation. For example, in FIG. 7, as compared with the thrust bearing device of the third embodiment of FIG. 5, the elastic segments in the A row are removed and the number of elastic segments in the B row is reduced.

(Action)
The support rigidity of the stationary plate 4 decreases toward the upstream side of rotation, and as shown in the lower figure of FIG. 8, the stationary plate 4 tends to tilt so that the oil film becomes thinner from the upstream side of rotation toward the downstream side. As a result, the generation of oil film pressure is promoted by the wedge film effect.

(effect)
When the generation of oil film pressure is promoted, the risk of contact between the rotating plate 3 and the sliding member 5 is reduced, and the load capacity of the thrust bearing can be improved.

<Fifth Embodiment>
(Constitution)
FIG. 9 is a thrust bearing device according to a fifth embodiment. With respect to the thrust bearing device of the first embodiment, the contact area between the convex portion 12 and the concave portion 13 is made smaller than the contact area between the convex portion 12 and the concave portion 13 located on the downstream side thereof. For example, in FIG. 9, the contact area between the convex portion 12 and the concave portion 13 is reduced in the order of row A <row B <row C <row D.

(Action)
When the contact area between the convex portion 12 and the concave portion 13 is reduced, the amount of deformation when a load is applied to the convex portion 12 increases. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the support rigidity of the stationary plate 4 becomes lower toward the upstream side of rotation, and the oil film becomes thinner from the upstream side of rotation toward the downstream side as in the fourth embodiment of FIG. Is easy to tilt. As a result, the generation of oil film pressure is promoted by the wedge film effect.

(effect)
When the generation of oil film pressure is promoted, the risk of contact between the rotating plate 3 and the sliding member 5 is reduced, and the load capacity of the thrust bearing can be improved.

The present embodiment can also be applied to the thrust bearing of the third embodiment. FIG. 10 is an example, and the obtained actions and effects are the same as described above.

<Sixth Embodiment>
(Constitution)
FIG. 11 shows the thrust bearing device of the sixth embodiment. With respect to the thrust bearing device of the first embodiment, the height of a certain convex portion 12 is made higher than that of the convex portion 12 located on the downstream side of the convex portion 12. For example, in FIG. 11, the convex portion 12 is raised in the order of A column> B column> C column> D column.

(Action)
When the convex portion 12 is raised, the amount of deformation when a load is applied to the convex portion 12 increases. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the support rigidity of the stationary plate 4 becomes lower toward the upstream side of rotation, and the oil film becomes thinner from the upstream side of rotation toward the downstream side as in the fourth embodiment of FIG. Is easy to tilt. As a result, the generation of oil film pressure is promoted by the wedge film effect.

(effect)
When the generation of oil film pressure is promoted, the risk of contact between the rotating plate 3 and the sliding member 5 is reduced, and the load capacity of the thrust bearing can be improved.

The present embodiment can also be applied to the thrust bearing of the third embodiment. FIG. 12 is an example, and the obtained actions and effects are the same as described above.

<7th Embodiment>
(Constitution)
FIG. 13 is a thrust bearing device according to the seventh embodiment. For the thrust bearing device of the first embodiment, cuts are machined on the surface of a part of the convex portions 12, and the number of cuts machined on a certain convex portion 12 is calculated from the convex portion 12 located on the downstream side of the rotation. Also many. For example, in FIG. 13, cuts are formed in the convex portions 12 other than the D row, and the number of cuts in the convex portions 12 is increased in the order of A row> B row> C row.

(Action)
When the number of cuts in the convex portion 12 is increased, the amount of deformation when a load is applied to the convex portion 12 becomes large. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the support rigidity of the stationary plate 4 becomes lower toward the upstream side of rotation.
Similar to the fourth embodiment of FIG. 8, the stationary plate 4 tends to tilt so that the oil film becomes thinner from the upstream side to the downstream side of the rotation. As a result, the generation of oil film pressure is promoted by the wedge film effect.

(effect)
When the generation of oil film pressure is promoted, the risk of contact between the rotating plate 3 and the sliding member 5 is reduced, and the load capacity of the thrust bearing can be improved.

The present embodiment can also be applied to the thrust bearing of the third embodiment. FIG. 14 is an example, and the obtained actions and effects are the same as described above.

1 ... Rotating shaft 2 ... Thrust collar 3 ... Rotating plate 4 ... Static plate 5 ... Sliding member 6 ... Coil spring 7 ... Support plate 8 ... Oil tank 9 ... Guide bearing 10 ... Oil film 11 ... Plate-shaped elastic body 12 ... Convex portion 13 ... Recessed portion 14 ... Elastic body segment 15 ... Upper lid 16 ... Disassembly and assembly direction of stationary plate 17 ... Cut 18 ... Support member

Claims (8)

A thrust bearing device used in a vertical rotary electric machine, in a thrust bearing device having a structure in which a stationary plate facing a rotating plate is supported by a plate-shaped elastic body.
A recess provided in the stationary body and having a bottom surface,
It is provided on the plate-shaped elastic body, faces the recess, and has a height larger than the depth of the recess.
It is provided with a convex portion having a top surface in contact with the bottom surface.
When the vertical shaft type rotary electric machine is stationary, the convex portion is bent to such an extent that the stationary plate and the plate-shaped elastic body do not come into contact with each other except for the contact portion between the top surface of the convex portion and the bottom surface of the concave portion.
In the process of operating the vertical shaft type rotary electric machine and increasing the load received from the rotating plate, the elastic force is applied so that the convex portion bends to the extent that the stationary plate and the plate-shaped elastic body come into contact with each other on the entire surface. Thrust bearing device that the convex part has. The thrust bearing device according to claim 1, wherein the number of plate-shaped elastic bodies supporting each stationary plate is one. The thrust bearing device according to claim 1, wherein the thrust bearing device has a structure in which a single stationary plate is slid in a horizontal plane for disassembly and assembly, and recesses provided on the lower surface of the stationary plate are continuously provided in parallel with the sliding direction. A thrust bearing device having an extendable shape and having a plurality of convex portions provided on the upper surface of a plate-shaped elastic body extending continuously in parallel with the slide direction or in parallel with the slide direction. In the thrust bearing device used for vertical rotary electric machines
The stationary plate facing the rotating plate and the stationary plate
An upper lid that supports the stationary plate and is provided on the lower surface of the stationary body, and a convex portion that is provided on the plate-shaped elastic body and has a top surface and is composed of a plate-shaped elastic body below the upper lid. It has a recess facing the convex portion and having a bottom surface provided on the upper lid and in contact with the top surface, and the convex portion includes an elastic segment having a height larger than the depth of the concave portion.
When the vertical shaft type rotary electric machine is stationary, the convex portion is bent to such an extent that the upper lid and the plate-shaped elastic body do not come into contact with each other except for the contact portion between the top surface of the convex portion and the bottom surface of the concave portion.
In the process of operating the vertical shaft type rotary electric machine and increasing the load received from the rotating plate, the elastic force is applied so that the convex portion bends to the extent that the upper lid and the plate-shaped elastic body come into contact with each other on the entire surface. Thrust bearing device that the convex part has. The thrust bearing device according to claim 4, wherein the installation density of the elastic segment supporting each stationary plate is made coarser toward the upstream side of rotation. The thrust bearing device according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the contact area between a convex portion and the concave portion is smaller than the contact area between the convex portion and the concave portion located on the downstream side of the rotation. The thrust bearing device according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the height of a certain convex portion is higher than that of the convex portion located on the downstream side of the rotation. In the thrust bearing device according to claim 1 or 4, a cut is formed on the surface of a part of the convex portion, and the number of cuts processed into a certain convex portion is calculated from the convex portion located on the downstream side of the rotation. Thrust bearing device with many.

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