JP2021050473A - Pseudo window and pseudo window group - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a pseudo window capable of feeling a real scene close to a scene viewed from a real window.SOLUTION: In a pseudo window comprising a window frame and a display disposed such that a display surface faces a back surface side of the window frame, the pseudo window in which a width Wm of the display surface of the display, an inner width Wg of the window frame, a distance A between the display side surface of the window frame and the display surface of the display, and a distance B between the surface of opposite side to the display of the window frame and the display surface of the display satisfy the following expression (B). 2α/(1-α)+1<B/A...(B), (where in the formula (B), α=Wg/Wm).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to pseudo-windows and pseudo-window groups.

Pseudo-windows may be installed in rooms where windows cannot be installed or are difficult to install due to circumstances such as the location environment, such as basements. As a pseudo window, a window having a display and a window frame is known, and for example, the one described in Patent Document 1 has been proposed.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2013-143614 Public Relations

When the landscape is viewed from an actual window, the appearance of the landscape changes according to the positional relationship with the window. Even in a pseudo window, by making it possible to feel such a change, it is possible to obtain a realistic sensation closer to that of a real window (hereinafter, also referred to as “real sensation”).
The pseudo window described in Patent Document 1 has a configuration in which the outer periphery of the display cannot be seen by making the display larger than the window frame for the purpose of improving the realistic feeling. However, if the display is made larger than the window frame, the outer circumference of the display may be visible when the observer moves. Therefore, the pseudo window of Patent Document 1 is not sufficiently realistic.
Therefore, a pseudo window with a higher sense of realism has been desired.

In view of the above, it is an object of the present invention to provide a pseudo window in which a realistic landscape close to the landscape seen from the actual window can be felt.

The pseudo window of the present invention that solves the above problems is a pseudo window including a window frame and a display arranged so that the display surface faces the back side of the window frame, and the width Wm of the display surface of the display. The inner width Wg of the window frame, the distance A between the display side surface of the window frame and the display surface of the display, and the distance B between the surface of the window frame opposite to the display and the display surface of the display. However, the following formula (B) is satisfied.
2α / (1-α) + 1 <B / A (B)
(However, α = Wg / Wm in equation (B))
In one aspect of the pseudo window of the present invention, the following formula (H) may be further satisfied.
25 (B / A-1) / 3Wm <α (H)
In one aspect of the pseudo window of the present invention, a transparent plate facing the display may be further provided inside the window frame, and the surface of the transparent plate facing the display may be provided with a low reflection layer.
In one aspect of the pseudo-window of the present invention, the resolution of the display may be 4K or higher.
Further, the pseudo window group of the present invention includes a plurality of the pseudo windows of the present invention.
In one aspect of the pseudo-window group of the present invention, a plurality of pseudo-windows are arranged in the lateral direction, and each of the plurality of pseudo-windows arranged in the lateral direction may satisfy the following formula (O).
3 <B / A (O)
In one aspect of the pseudo-window group of the present invention, each of the plurality of pseudo-windows arranged in the lateral direction may satisfy the following formula (L).
B / A <3Wm / 50 + 1 (L)

According to the pseudo window of the present invention, a realistic landscape close to the landscape seen from the actual window can be felt.

FIG. 1 is a front view of a pseudo window according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a portion of the cross-sectional view shown in FIG. 2 that is visually recognized when the window frame is viewed from the right end. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view shown in FIG. 2 for explaining that when the observer moves, the visible area in the width direction of the display expands. FIG. 5 is a front view of a pseudo window group according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a plot of the relationship between X and Y when an improvement in realism is obtained in the evaluation when moving left and right in the embodiment.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below. In addition, the embodiments described in the drawings are schematically for the purpose of clearly explaining the present invention, and do not necessarily accurately represent the actual size and scale.

[Pseudo window]
FIG. 1 shows a front view of the pseudo window 100 of the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. The pseudo window of the present embodiment includes a window frame 1 and a display 2.
The display 2 has a display surface 2a, and the display surface 2a is arranged so as to face the back side of the window frame 1. The back surface of the window frame 1 refers to a surface on the side that is not visible to the observer when the pseudo window 100 is used. Further, hereinafter, the surface of the window frame 1 that is visible to the observer when the pseudo window 100 is used is also referred to as a surface. With such a configuration, the observer can visually recognize the image displayed on the display surface 2a of the display 2 through the window frame 1.

The window frame 1 is attached to the shielding wall 3. The wall of the room in which the pseudo window 100 is installed may be used as it is as a shielding wall, or a shielding wall 3 may be provided separately.
When the wall of the room in which the pseudo window 100 is installed is used as it is as a shielding wall, the display 2 may be installed inside the wall of the room or outside the room.
When a shielding wall is provided separately from the wall of the room in which the pseudo window 100 is installed, the display may be arranged in the space between the shielding wall and the wall of the room. For example, the display may be attached to the wall of the room.

The shape of the window frame 1 is not particularly limited. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the window frame 1 is rectangular, but may have any shape such as a polygon, a circle, and an ellipse. Further, the material of the window frame 1 is not particularly limited, and for example, wood, metal, plastic, a composite material thereof, or the like can be used.

A transparent plate 4 facing the display is arranged in the window frame 1. By providing the transparent plate 4, a feeling close to that of a real window can be obtained. The material and thickness of the transparent plate 4 are not particularly limited, but for example, the material is glass or plastic, and the thickness is about 2 to 8 mm.

Further, it is preferable that the back surface of the transparent plate 4 (the surface facing the display surface of the display) is provided with a low reflection layer. By providing such a low reflection layer, the image displayed on the display surface of the display is suppressed from being reflected by the back surface of the transparent plate 4, so that a feeling closer to that of a real window can be obtained.
The low-reflection layer is obtained by applying a low-reflection coat. Examples of the low-reflection coat include a dielectric multilayer film in which dielectrics having different refractive indexes are laminated (for example, Clearsite (registered trademark) manufactured by AGC Inc.).

The display is not particularly limited, and for example, a plasma display panel (PDP,), a liquid crystal display device (LCD), an electroluminescence display (ELD) including an organic EL, a field emission display (FED), and the like can be used. Further, in the examples shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the display surface of the display is flat, but a display having a curved display surface may be used.
Further, in order to further improve the realistic feeling, it is preferable to use a display having a resolution of 4K or more.

Next, the dimensional and positional relationship between the window frame 1 and the display 2 will be described with reference to FIG.

First, the distance A between the back surface 1a of the window frame and the display surface 2a of the display will be described.
When the back surface 1a of the window frame is in contact with the display surface 2a of the display, that is, when A = 0, the range of the display surface 2a of the display visible from the window frame 1 is the same regardless of the position of the observer. is there. However, in order to improve the realism, the range of the display surface 2a of the display that can be visually recognized from the window frame 1 when the observer moves may change so that the part that was not visible before the movement can be seen. is important. Therefore, in the pseudo window 100 of the present embodiment, A> 0 is set. Further, A is preferably 5 mm or more, more preferably 15 mm or more.
On the other hand, if A is too large, it becomes difficult to satisfy the formula (B) described later. Therefore, in the pseudo window of the present embodiment, A is preferably 180 mm or less, more preferably 100 mm or less.
The distance B between the surface 1b of the window frame and the display surface 2a of the display is not particularly limited as long as the formula (B) described later is satisfied, but is usually about 50 to 300 mm.

Next, the distance A between the back surface 1a of the window frame and the display surface 2a of the display, the distance B between the surface 1b of the window frame and the display surface 2a of the display, the width (width) Wm of the display surface 2a of the display, and so on. The relationship with the width Wg inside the window frame will be described.
In the pseudo window of the present embodiment, since A> 0 as described above, the width of the visible region on the display surface 2a of the display is larger than the width Wg inside the window frame. The left end of the visible area on the display surface 2a of the display is a portion that is visible when viewed from the right end of the window frame 1 as shown in FIG. Assuming that the width from the left end inside the window frame 1 to this portion is L, L = AWG / (BA). The same applies to the right end of the visible area on the display surface 2a of the display. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the window frame 1 and the display 2 are usually arranged so that their centers in the left-right direction are aligned. Considering these, if the width Wm of the display surface 2a of the display is larger than 2 × L + Wg, that is, if it is larger than 2 × AWg / (BA) + Wg, the observer moves left and right to move the pseudo window 100 to the window frame. Even when looking from the end of 1, the end of the display surface 2a of the display cannot be seen, and a high realism can be obtained.
From the above, in the pseudo window 100 of the present embodiment, in order to obtain a high realism, the distance A between the back surface 1a of the window frame and the display surface 2a of the display, the surface 1b of the window frame, and the display surface 2a of the display The distance B, the width Wm of the display surface 2a of the display, and the width Wg inside the window frame satisfy the following formula (A).
Wm> 2 x AWG / (BA) + Wg (A)
Here, if the above formula (A) is modified with α = Wg / Wm, the following formula (B) is obtained. That is, the pseudo window 100 of the present embodiment satisfies the following formula (B).
2α / (1-α) + 1 <B / A (B)

In the above description, the width Wm of the display surface 2a of the display and the width Wg inside the window frame have been described, but the same can be said for the height of the display surface 2a of the display and the height inside the window frame. .. However, although the observer of the pseudo window may move greatly in the left-right direction, it rarely moves greatly in the up-down direction, and therefore, the pseudo window 100 is rarely looked into from the upper end or the lower end of the window frame. Therefore, the height of the display surface 2a of the display and the height inside the window frame do not necessarily satisfy the relationship as described in the above equation (1), and the height of the display surface 2a of the display is inside the window frame. It should be larger than the height.

As mentioned above, when the observer moves from side to side and can see the hidden area of the display, the realism is improved. This will be described in detail below. FIG. 4 shows a conceptual diagram for explanation. When the observer moves from the point P1 to the point P2, that is, to the right of the drawing, the visible area in the width direction of the display 2 expands to the left by Y. In order to obtain a particularly excellent realistic feeling, this Y is required to be large to some extent, and the required size of Y is the size of the vertical distance X from the surface 1b of the window frame 1 to the observer. We have repeatedly experimented with finding dependence. More specifically, it has been found that as the distance X increases, the Y required to obtain a particularly excellent realism decreases. Further, the present inventors repeated the experiment and observed that when Y (unit: mm) satisfies the following formula (C), the window frame 1 is located at a vertical distance X (unit: mm) from the surface 1b of the window frame 1. I found that people can get a particularly good sense of realism.
10 (1-X / 1000) / 3 + 15 <Y (C)

However, Y must be smaller than L shown in FIG. That is, the following formula (D) must be satisfied.
Y <AWg / (BA) (D)

The following formula (E) is derived from the above formulas (C) and (D).
B / A <Wg / {10 (1-X / 1000) / 3 + 15} + 1 (E)

Here, in a normal indoor living space, the distance X is often 3 m (3000 mm) or less. That is, it is often X <3000 [mm].
Further, when the formula (E) is modified, it becomes the following formula (F).
1000-300 {Wg / (B / A-1) -15} <X (F)
In order for the above equation (F) to have a solution when X <3000 [mm], it is necessary to satisfy the following equation (G).
1000-300 {Wg / (B / A-1) -15} <3000 (G)
When the above formula (G) is modified using the relationship of α = Wg / Wm, the following formula (H) is obtained.
25 (B / A-1) / 3Wm <α (H)
That is, the pseudo window 100 of the present embodiment preferably satisfies the above formula (H), and in this case, a particularly excellent realistic feeling can be obtained.

[Pseudo windows]
A plurality of pseudo windows 100 described above may be attached to the shielding wall 3. Hereinafter, an embodiment of a pseudo window group obtained by attaching a plurality of pseudo windows 100 to the shielding wall 3 will be described.

The pseudo-window group of the present embodiment includes a plurality of the above-mentioned pseudo-windows. In the pseudo-window group of the present embodiment, it is preferable that a plurality of pseudo-windows are attached in the lateral direction as shown in FIG. 5, and by doing so, a spatial expanse can be felt.
The pseudo window group shown in FIG. 5 includes three pseudo windows of 100A, 100B, and 100C, but the number of pseudo windows included in the pseudo window group of the present embodiment is not particularly limited as long as it is two or more.

As shown in FIG. 5, when a plurality of pseudo windows are arranged in the horizontal direction to form a pseudo window group, if the distance Wb between the inner walls of adjacent window frames is larger than the width Wg inside the window frame, a plurality of pseudo windows are provided. The effect of arranging and gaining spread is diminished. Therefore, in the pseudo window group of the present embodiment, it is preferable that Wg and Wb satisfy the following formula (I).
Wb <Wg (I)
Further, in order to make Wb as small as possible, it is preferable to arrange the displays without gaps as shown in FIG. In this case, Wb = Wm-Wg = (1-α) Wm. Further, since α = Wg / Wm, Wg = αWm. From these and the formula (I), the following formula (J) is derived.
0.5 <α (J)
That is, it is preferable to satisfy the above equation (J) in order to sufficiently obtain the effect of feeling the spatial expanse in the pseudo window group in which a plurality of pseudo windows are arranged in the horizontal direction.
Further, in order to always satisfy the above formula (J), it is preferable to satisfy the following formula (K) in consideration of the above formula (H).
25 (B / A-1) / 3Wm <0.5 (K)
By modifying this equation (K), the following equation (L) is obtained.
B / A <3Wm / 50 + 1 (L)
That is, it is particularly preferable that the pseudo window group of the present embodiment satisfies the formula (L).

Further, when the equation (B), which is a condition for not seeing the edge of the display, is modified, it becomes the following equation (M).
α <(B / A-1) / (B / A + 1) (M)
In order for the formula (M) to be consistent with the formula (J), the following formula (N) must be satisfied.
0.5 <(B / A-1) / (B / A + 1) (N)
By transforming this equation (N), the following equation (O) is derived.
3 <B / A (O)
That is, in order to sufficiently obtain the effect of obtaining the spread in the pseudo window group of the present embodiment obtained by arranging a plurality of pseudo windows 100 in which the end portion of the display cannot be seen in the lateral direction, the above equation (O) is used. It is preferable to satisfy.

Further, in order to obtain the effect of obtaining a spread, it is preferable to use a display of 49 inches or more. When the 49-inch display is arranged so that the short side (648 mm) has a width (Wm) as shown in FIG. 5, it is preferable that B / A <39.88 from the formula (L).
Further, it is more preferable to use a display of 55 inches or more. When the 55-inch display is arranged so that the short side (725 mm) has a width (Wm) as shown in FIG. 5, it is preferable that B / A <44.5 from the formula (L).
Further, it is more preferable to use a display of 65 inches or more. When the 65-inch display is arranged so that the short side (830 mm) has the width (Wm) as shown in FIG. 5, it is preferable that B / A <50.8 from the formula (L).

Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

<Preparation of pseudo window>
As in the example shown in FIG. 5, three pseudo-windows were attached to the shielding wall. The dimensions and positional relationship of each window frame and display are as follows.
・ Distance between the back of the window frame and the display surface of the display A = 5 mm
-Distance between the surface of the window frame and the display surface of the display B = 110 mm
-Width of the display surface of the display Wm = 564 mm
-The height of the display surface of the display = 970 mm
・ Width Wg inside the window frame = 330mm
・ Height inside the window frame = 650 mm
・ Spacing between adjacent displays = 0 mm
・ Spacing between adjacent window frames Wb = 234 mm
・ Distance between the lower end of the window frame and the ground = 1100 mm
-Arranged so that the center of each window frame and the center of the display coincide with each other in front view.

The equation (B) is examined for the pseudo window. Equation (B) is as follows.
2α / (1-α) + 1 <B / A (B)
When the above value is added to this and calculated, 3.82 <22.0. Therefore, the above pseudo-window satisfies the equation (B).

<Evaluation>
The following evaluations at rest and left / right movement were performed on 10 subjects (subjects A to J). Three types of display images were evaluated for each subject, and three patterns of X = 1m, 2m, and 3m were evaluated for each display image.

(Evaluation at rest)
The subject was erected in front of the central pseudo-window so that the distance from the surface of the window frame was X (1 m, 2 m, or 3 m). The simulated window was observed in a stationary state of this subject, and the real feeling was evaluated in the following five stages. The evaluation results for each subject are shown in Tables 1-10.
1: I felt that the image was being displayed.
2: It felt like a video.
3: I felt that the image was being displayed, and I also felt the scenery seen from the actual window.
4: I felt like the scenery seen from the actual window.
5: I felt the scenery seen from the actual window.
(Evaluation when moving left and right)
When the evaluation at rest was other than 5, the evaluation at the time of left-right movement as shown below was subsequently performed.
The subject after evaluation at rest was moved left and right. When the evaluation result of the real feeling is improved by this left-right movement, the left-right movement distance when the real feeling is improved is recorded, and the width of the area newly visible by the movement from this distance (width Y in FIG. 4). ) Was calculated. The evaluation results for each subject are shown in Tables 1-10.

Further, FIG. 6 shows a plot of the relationship between X and Y when an improvement in realism is obtained in the evaluation when moving left and right.
The dotted line in FIG. 6 is a straight line passing through the plot with the smallest Y at X = 1000 mm and the plot with the smallest Y at X = 3000 mm, and is represented by Y = 10 (1-X / 1000) / 3 + 15. It is a straight line. From FIG. 6, it was found that the effect of improving the realistic feeling can be obtained when the plot is above this straight line, that is, when X and Y satisfy the following equation (C).
10 (1-X / 1000) / 3 + 15 <Y (C)

1 Window frame; 1a Back of window frame; 1b Surface of window frame; 2 Display; 2a Display surface; 3 Shielding wall; 4 Transparent plate; 100, 100A, 100B, 100C Pseudo window

Claims (7)

A pseudo-window including a window frame and a display arranged so that the display surface faces the back side of the window frame.
The width Wm of the display surface of the display, the inner width Wg of the window frame, the distance A between the surface of the window frame on the display side and the display surface of the display, and the surface of the window frame opposite to the display. A pseudo window in which the distance B from the display surface of the display satisfies the following formula (B).
2α / (1-α) + 1 <B / A (B)
(However, α = Wg / Wm in equation (B)) The pseudo window according to claim 1, which further satisfies the following formula (H).
25 (B / A-1) / 3Wm <α (H) The pseudo window according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a transparent plate facing the display inside the window frame, and having a low reflection layer on the surface of the transparent plate facing the display. The pseudo window according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the resolution of the display is 4K or more. A group of pseudo windows including a plurality of pseudo windows according to any one of claims 1 to 4. A plurality of the pseudo windows are arranged in the horizontal direction, and the pseudo windows are arranged in the horizontal direction.
The pseudo-window group according to claim 5, wherein each of the plurality of pseudo-windows arranged in the lateral direction satisfies the following formula (O).
3 <B / A (O) The pseudo-window group according to claim 6, wherein each of the plurality of pseudo-windows arranged in the lateral direction satisfies the following formula (L).
B / A <3Wm / 50 + 1 (L)

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